Supplementary 1 – Media searched and search terms used

Media searched using Nexis Search field Search terms1

Newspapers a. At the start (headline and (1) leading paragraph) smok! OR tobacco OR cig! OR ecig! OR Searches 1,2, 3, 4 - a & b b. Three or mentions nicotine OR e-cig! OR electronic cig! OR vape! OR vapo! National UK/Scottish daily and AND corresponding Sunday publications Ban! OR legislation OR regulation! OR Bill (where published and available AND though archive database): n=21 prison! OR jail! OR incarcerate! OR inmate! OR criminal! OR offender! OR justice! The Sun (English with occasional Scottish edition), The Sun on (2) Sunday, The Mirror, The Sunday smok! OR tobacco OR cig! OR ecig! OR Mirror, Scottish Star, Scottish nicotine OR e-cig! OR electronic cig! OR Sunday Star, The People, Daily vape! OR vapo! Record, Scottish Express, Scottish AND Sunday Express, Scottish Daily Ban! OR legislation OR regulation! OR Bill Mail, Scottish Mail on Sunday, The AND Guardian, The Observer, The Times, bully! OR contraband OR black-market! OR The Sunday Times, The Daily black market! OR quit! OR cessation OR Telegraph, Sunday Telegraph, patch! OR human right! Herald, The Sunday Herald, The Scotsman, Scotland on Sunday. (3) smok! OR tobacco OR cig! OR ecig! OR Local Scottish: all local publications nicotine OR e-cig! OR electronic cig! OR held by LexisNexis with a vape! OR vapo! publication office within 100 miles AND of a Scottish prison: n=43 prison! OR jail! OR incarcerate! OR inmate! OR criminal! OR offender! OR justice! NOT Broadcast: Ban! OR legislation OR regulation! OR Bill

Searches 1,2, 3, 4 – b2 (4) smok! OR tobacco OR cig! OR ecig! OR BBC News 24, nicotine OR e-cig! OR electronic cig! OR BBC Radio 4, vape! OR vapo! BBC Radio 5 Live, AND BBC1 Scotland, bully! OR contraband OR black-market! OR SKY News black market! OR quit! OR cessation OR patch! OR human right! NOT Ban! OR legislation OR regulation! OR Bill Additional website search: Single word search using search Prison, smoke, cigarette, smoking SKY News3 function on website

1 A further search including terms “detention cent!”, “secure hospital!”, and “secure psychiatric hospital!” was dropped after exploratory searches returned <10 articles all with no relevance to smoking in prisons or smoke-free prisons policies. 2 Due to the way in which radio and television programmes are structured (usually with no story headline), broadcast transcripts were searched solely using search field b (three or more mentions). A number of test searches were carried out to ensure this would not limit findings. 3 Additional searches carried out using SKY news website as database ‘check’ due to very low number of identified mentions. One duplicate and no additional mentions were found.