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Viral Diseases of Pitaya and Other Cactaceae Plants
Improving Pitaya Production and Marketing VIRAL DISEASES OF PITAYA AND OTHER CACTACEAE PLANTS Yong-Shi Li1, Ching-Hua Mao1, Ting-Yi Kuo2, and Ya-Chun Chang1 1 Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 2 Master Program for Plant Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.), also called dragon fruit, pitahaya or pitajaya, native to the forests of Latin America, and the West Indies, belongs to the family of Cactaceae. Among the cactus fruit crops, pitaya is classified as the climbing epiphytic species and produces edible fruits which have sweet pulps with numerous small black seeds on the trailing cladode stems. Due to the progress in breeding and cultivation techniques in Taiwan, pitaya is becoming an important fruit crop in the domestic and foreign markets. During a disease survey of pitaya in Taiwan, some plants were found with systemic mild mottling on the stems, and these were found to be infected by a potexvirus, Cactus virus X (CVX). In addition, another two potexviruses Zygocactus virus X (ZyVX) and Pitaya virus X (PiVX), were identified later in Taiwan. Because of the similar features of Cactaceae plants, there is high possibility that cactus-infecting viruses will infect pitaya just like CVX and ZyVX did. The objective of this article is to provide information of viral diseases of pitaya and other Cactaceae plants so as to help further study of pitaya- infecting viruses and propose the control strategy. Keywords: pitaya, Hylocereus, Cactaceae, viral diseases INTRODUCTION Pitaya, also called dragon fruit, pitahaya or pitajaya, native to the forests of northern South America, Central America, Mexico, and the West Indies, belongs to the genus Hylocereus in the family of Cactaceae (Mizrahi et al. -
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viruses Article The Phylogeography of Potato Virus X Shows the Fingerprints of Its Human Vector Segundo Fuentes 1, Adrian J. Gibbs 2 , Mohammad Hajizadeh 3, Ana Perez 1 , Ian P. Adams 4, Cesar E. Fribourg 5, Jan Kreuze 1 , Adrian Fox 4 , Neil Boonham 6 and Roger A. C. Jones 7,* 1 Crop and System Sciences Division, International Potato Center, La Molina Lima 15023, Peru; [email protected] (S.F.); [email protected] (A.P.); [email protected] (J.K.) 2 Emeritus Faculty, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia; [email protected] 3 Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran; [email protected] 4 Fera Science Ltd., Sand Hutton York YO41 1LZ, UK; [email protected] (I.P.A.); [email protected] (A.F.) 5 Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidad Nacional Agraria, La Molina Lima 12056, Peru; [email protected] 6 Institute for Agrifood Research Innovations, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK; [email protected] 7 UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Potato virus X (PVX) occurs worldwide and causes an important potato disease. Complete PVX genomes were obtained from 326 new isolates from Peru, which is within the potato crop0s main Citation: Fuentes, S.; Gibbs, A.J.; domestication center, 10 from historical PVX isolates from the Andes (Bolivia, Peru) or Europe (UK), Hajizadeh, M.; Perez, A.; Adams, I.P.; and three from Africa (Burundi). Concatenated open reading frames (ORFs) from these genomes Fribourg, C.E.; Kreuze, J.; Fox, A.; plus 49 published genomic sequences were analyzed. -
Bibliography of Selected Literature Published Since 2010 for Rhipsalis.Com
Bibliography of Selected Literature Published Since 2010 for Rhipsalis.com Compiled by Jorge Quiñónez. Thanks to MHJ Barfuss !"hoeless Mike#$ and %. Hofa&ker for their help. This bibliography was first published on ()(*)+,(* and last updated on +)-)+,(.. The newest entries in this update are printed in bold and are from the later half of +,(* to +)-)+,(.. %kunne TC/ %kah 0%/ Nwabunike 2%/ Nworu C"/ 3kereke 45/ 3kereke NC 6 3keke 7C. +,(8. %nti9 inflammatory and anti&an&er a&tivities of e;tra&t and fra&tions of Rhipsalis neves-armondii Ca&ta&eae$ aerial parts. Cogent Biology +,(8$/ +< (+=>+-. http<))d;.doi.org)(,.10*,)+==(+,+-.2,(8.12=>+-. %lmeida 3JG/ Cota9"@n&hez JH, 6 0aoli %%". +,(=. The systemati& signifi&an&e of floral morphology/ ne&taries/ and ne&tar &on&entration in epiphyti& &a&ti of tribes Hylocereeae and Rhipsalideae Ca&ta&eae$. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics (-< +--A+88. B32< d;.doi.org)(,.10(8)C.ppees.2,(=.08.,,( Bauer D. 6 Korotkova N. +,(8. Eine neue Rhipsalis aus Brasilien A Rhipsalis barthlottii. Kakteen und andere Su ulenten 8> (($< +*(9+87. Bautista9"an Juan %/ Cibri@n9Tovar J, "alomé9%bar&a F7/ "oto9Hern@ndez/ DM 6 Be la Cruz9Be la Cruz E. +,17. Composi&ión GuHmi&a del aroma de tallos y frutos de Rhipsalis baccifera J. Miller$ "tearn! Revista "itotecnia #exicana I, ($< I-9-4. http<))www.redaly&.org)html)8(,)8(,-,-I.,,>) Bo&kemühl J 6 Bauer D. +,(+. Kildformen der Schlumbergera truncata. 402? >,< (.9=,. Bockemühl J. 2018. Rhipsalis hoelleri Barthlott & N. P. Taylor. EPIG 81: 16-18. Braga JM% 6 7reitas M. -
The Joyful and Excited Journey of Watching My Beautiful and Spectacular Epiphyllum Flowering
Sacred Heart University DigitalCommons@SHU Library Publications University Library 7-2015 The oJ yful and Excited Journey of Watching My Beautiful and Spectacular Epiphyllum Flowering Wenling Ma Sacred Heart University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu/library_staff Part of the Plant Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Ma, Wenling, "The oJ yful and Excited Journey of Watching My Beautiful and Spectacular Epiphyllum Flowering" (2015). Library Publications. Paper 33. http://digitalcommons.sacredheart.edu/library_staff/33 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the University Library at DigitalCommons@SHU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Library Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@SHU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Joyful and excited journey of watching my beautiful and spectacular Epiphyllum flowering Wenling Ma Epiphyllum (“upon the leaf” in Greek) is a genus of 19 species of epiphytic plants in the cactus family, native to Central America. Its stems are broad and flat, usually with lobbed edges. The broad‐leaved epiphyllum oxypetalum is particularly well‐known, famous for its large, white, strongly fragrant flowers that bloom for a single night only which is usually referred as “Queen of the night”. I had the opportunity to watch epiphyllum oxypetalum bloom five years ago at a friend’s house. She knew I am a kneaded gardener so she gave me a six‐inch stem. With the root growing out of the stem, I planted it in the pot. Now my Epiphyllum starts four‐year journey with me. I am told the new epiphyllum will grow flower after three years if it is well taken care of. -
Got Cuttings?
Epi News San Diego Epiphyllum Society, Inc. March, 2014 Volume 39 Number 3 March, 2014 SDES Epi News Page 2 President’s Corner: SDES Calendar of Events It turns out that extremely warm 2014 winter weather and very little rain (unfortunately) seems to equal early March flower bud development in our epies. Who knew? 1 Work Party at the Safari Park It appears spring is already here although 1-2 Del Mar Spring Hm/Gdn Show technically spring doesn’t arrive officially until 15-16 Tomatomania and Herb Sale March 20th. San Diego Botanic Garden May March is traditionally the beginning of the busy 3 Cuyamaca Spring Gdn Sale epi season for the San Diego Epiphyllum Society 3-4 SDES Plant Sale– Safari Park and this year it’s no exception. Please check in 4 SBES Show with our intrepid Sales Events Coordinator, Cindy 10-11 Mother’s Day Plant Sale Decker if you are interested in helping out with nd 11 Mother’s Day Show any of our sales. Our 2 Vice President and 17 EpiCon XIV hosted by ESA Mother’s Day Chairperson, Sandra Chapin and 18 ESA Show her cohort in crime, Mother’s Day Co-Chair, September Patricia Frank can use any help they can get with 13-14-15 Del Mar Fall Hm/Gdn Show the organization of the Mother’s Day Show. There will be sign up sheets at the next couple of General Meetings if you are interested in participating. It’s now time to start planning your Mother’s Day display. Remember it can be a Inside This Issue small, simple display or a huge elaborate one or Calendar of Events 2 anything in between. -
Growing Holiday Cacti Many Families Have Heirlooms That Are Passed Down from There Are Also a Number of Hybrid Cultivars Generation to Generation
Growing Holiday Cacti Many families have heirlooms that are passed down from There are also a number of hybrid cultivars generation to generation. One cherished item for some (Schlumbergera hybrids). The physical characteristics and is the holiday cactus. Plants have been in some families bloom time of some cultivars most closely match those for 50 or more years. The long life of these plants is due of the Thanksgiving cactus, while other cultivars more to the fact they are easy to grow. They thrive on benign closely resemble the Christmas cactus. Some have an neglect, have few insect and disease problems, and don’t intermediate appearance. require frequent repotting. The Easter cactus, Hatiora gaertneri Types of holiday cacti (formerly Rhipsalidopsis gaertneri), blooms from March through May with pink or Three types of cacti are sometimes referred to as red flowers. It may bloom again in early Christmas or holiday cacti. The three types are similar in fall. The stem segments of Easter cacti are appearance, but have distinctive characteristics. smoother than the other seasonal cacti, with The Thanksgiving cactus is probably 4-6 slight ripples along their edges, and the most familiar and widely grown brownish hair-like bristles at their tips. species. Botanically, it is Schlumbergera Holiday cacti are native to the forests of South America. truncata (formerly classified as They are epiphytic plants, which means they live on Zygocactus truncatus). Other common another plant but are not parasitic. They grow in the names of this species are crab or yoke crotches of trees and derive water and nutrients from cactus. -
Groom Plants. Remove Dried up Or Scarred Do Not Let Soil Dry Out
Epi News San Diego Epiphyllum Society, Inc. August, 2011 Volume 36, Number 8 August, 2011 SDES Epi News Page 2 President’s Corner: Don‘t forget about the Volunteer Appreciation Party on August is here already. I hope you are the 20th this month. (See page 5) all staying cool and having time to play If you are interested in becoming more with your plants. During July I still had a bunch of involved in the Society, consider serving on the Board. epies blooming. I was very happy with the extended The nominating committee will be forming in August season. and looking for wonderful members to serve. Come It was great to see so many at the July join the fun. meeting. There were 54 members and a guest who attended the meeting— that is a recent record. I hope Till next time – Happy Growing! to see more meetings filled with many epi enthusi- asts. To keep interest please feel free to tell any Board member what you would like to see at a meeting. You can also attend a Board meeting the 4th Wednesday of the month and share your thoughts. SDES Meetings– —Velma Crain Pre-Meeting Workshop: At last month‘s pre-meeting workshop, Ron Crain discussed epis and their native habitat, with photos of epis growing wild in trees, etc. He also brought in some species plants to share. The topic for the August workshop was still in the works at press time. Please come to room 104 at 7:00 pm on August 10th to see what he‘ll talk about next!! July Meeting’s Program: Lasts month‘s program ―Big Buds Gone Wild‖ was a wonderful photo presentation of Extra Large Epi flowers. -
PC20 Doc. 16.3 Annex 2
PC20 Doc. 16.3 Annex 2 ASSESSMENT OF TRADE IN EPIPHYTIC CACTI AND REVIEW OF LISTING OF CACTACEAE SPP. IN APPENDIX II 1. This document has been prepared by Mr James Grogan under contract with the CITES Secretariat.1 2. Background information can be found in two key CITES documents: CoP15 Doc. 55, submitted by the Management Authority of Switzerland, describes the issue under consideration in this report, whether certain genera of epiphytic cacti (seven as listed below) should be excluded from Appendix II based on the preponderance of artificially propagated compared to wild- collected specimens in international trade; IUCN Red List conservation status is reviewed, and trade data for gross exports of wild-collected specimens from range nations during 1975–2008 are presented; PC19 Doc. 14.1, prepared by the Chair of the Working Group on the Periodic Review with assistance from the Scientific Authority of Mexico, presents further analysis of trade data during 1998–2008 including the number of specimens of epiphytic cacti in trade that were artificially propagated, number of records and specimens that were wild collected, confiscated or seized, or of unknown origin during this period, and geographic ranges of species in question. Natural range, morphology & taxonomy of the epiphytic cacti 3. The Cactaceae are a New World family except for one species, the epiphytic Rhipsalis baccifera, which is also found in Africa, Madagascar and as far east as Sri Lanka. Seven genera are considered here: Disocactus, Epiphyllum, Hatiora, Lepismium, PseudoRhipsalis, Rhipsalis, and Schlumbergera. 4. These genera are grouped in two tribes of the subfamily Cactoideae within the Cactaceae family: Hylocereeae: Disocactus, Epiphyllum, PseudoRhipsalis Rhipsalideae: Hatiora, Lepismium, Rhipsalis, Schlumbergera 5. -
Plant of the Week
PPllaanntt ooff tthhee WWeeeekk CCrraabb CCaaccttuuss In Australia, the plant which we have called Zygocactus for aeons, is actually a Schlumbergera, a genus of epiphytic cacti from the rainforests of Brazil. In the northern hemisphere, it is often referred to as “Christmas Cactus” or “Thanksgiving Cactus” because the flowers appear prior to these holiday seasons. Botanist Allan Cunningham introduced Schlumbergera to Europe in about 18161 and it has been popular ever since. The name “Crab Cactus” comes from the unique “crab claw” sections of the stem. Schlumbergera belongs to the plant family Cactaceae which is found throughout the Americas and reaches its greatest diversity in northern Mexico and southern Argentina and Bolivia. There is only one cactus species found elsewhere in the world, and this is Rhipsalis baccifera, which occurs not only in the Americas but also in Africa, Madagascar and Sri Lanka where it was probably spread by migratory birds2. Most cacti grow in arid conditions. During the day their stomates remain closed to reduce water loss and then open at night when CO2 is fixed and stored in leaves or stems as malic acid. The next day CO2 is released round the enzyme RuBisCo to increase photosynthetic efficiency. This photosynthetic pathway is known as CAM photosynthesis. CAM stands for “Crassulacean acid metabolism”, a reference to the plant family Crassulaceae in which the pathway was first identified, and because 3 the CO2 is stored overnight as an acid . 1Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Schlumbergera 2Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cactaceae 3Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAM_photosynthesis Text and photographs: Alison Downing & Kevin Downing, Biological Sciences, 12 June 2011. -
CACTACEAE 1. PERESKIA Miller, Gard. Dict. Abr., Ed. 4. 1754
CACTACEAE 仙人掌科 xian ren zhang ke Li Zhenyu (李振宇)1; Nigel P. Taylor2 Fleshy perennials, shrubs, trees or vines, terrestrial or epiphytic. Stems jointed, terete, globose, flattened, or fluted, mostly leafless and variously spiny. Leaves alternate, flat or subulate to terete, vestigial, or entirely absent; spines, glochids (easily detached, small, bristlelike spines), and flowers always arising from cushionlike, axillary areoles (modified short shoots). Flowers solitary, sessile, rarely clustered and stalked (in Pereskia), bisexual, rarely unisexual, actinomorphic or occasionally zygomorphic. Receptacle tube (hypanthium or perianth tube) absent or short to elongate, naked or invested with leaflike bracts, scales, areoles, and hairs, bristles, or spines; perianth segments usually numerous, in a sepaloid to petaloid series. Stamens numerous, variously inserted in throat and tube; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary (pericarpel) inferior, rarely superior, 1-loculed, with 3 to many parietal (rarely basal) placentas; ovules usually numerous; style 1; stigmas 2 to numerous, papillate, rarely 2-fid. Fruit juicy or dry, naked, scaly, hairy, bristly, or spiny, indehiscent or dehiscent, when juicy then pulp derived from often deliquescent funicles (except in Pereskia). Seeds usually numerous, often arillate or strophiolate; embryo curved or rarely straight; endosperm present or absent; cotyledons reduced or vestigial, rarely leaflike. About 110 genera and more than 1000 species: temperate and tropical America; Rhipsalis baccifera (J. S. Mueller) Stearn native in tropical Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, Mascarenes, and Sri Lanka; some species of other genera now extensively naturalized in the Old World through human agency; more than 60 genera and 600 species cultivated as ornamentals or hedges in China, of which four genera and seven species more or less naturalized. -
Safari Park Epi Display House –By Jerry Moreau
Epi News San Diego Epiphyllum Society, Inc. January, 2015 Volume 40 Number 1 January, 2015 SDES Epi News Page 2 President’s Corner: Inside This Issue Happy New Year to all of our Calendar of Epi Events 2 wonderful epi family both here and Get Your Facts First 4 abroad! 2015 will be filled with many fun and exciting epi activities as was the past year, Installation Banquet 5 capped off by our Holiday Installation Banquet Meeting Programs 2 held at the Butcher Shop restaurant on December Mother’s Day Show 6 10th. Thanks very much to Gerry and Mildred Mikas for their work in making the dinner such a Now is the Time 6 lovely and fun event. Off-Season Blooms 7 The days are getting longer at last and the President’s Corner 2 blooming season will be here soon. There are many Safari Park Report 3 events to look forward to in the coming year- the Sandra Chapin-Request 7 monthly programs at each meeting, Ron Crain’s pre-meeting workshops, the work parties at Safari Survey on Fertilizing 7 Park, the various garden sales, the Mother’s Day Want List 7 Show and sale, the caravan, the member apprecia- tion potluck, the November photo contest and more. With all these activities, there are lots of opportunities for you to participate and help. Meeting Programs The theme for this year’s Mother’s Day show is “Epi Salute to Balboa Park”. Balboa Park is Pre-Meeting Workshops celebrating its centennial this year with a year of will resume this month where you can performances, exhibitions, and historical experi- join Ron in Room 104 at 7:00 pm to ences regarding how San Diego has grown and how Balboa Park has evolved over the last century. -
Buy Pereskia Corrugata - Succulent Plant Online at Nurserylive | Best Plants at Lowest Price
Buy pereskia corrugata - succulent plant online at nurserylive | Best plants at lowest price Pereskia corrugata - Succulent Plant In its native area, Schlumbergera truncata is grown outdoors as an epiphyte or in rock gardens. Rating: Not Rated Yet Price Variant price modifier: Base price with tax Price with discount ?1234567 Salesprice with discount Sales price ?1234567 Sales price without tax ?1234567 Discount Tax amount Ask a question about this product Description With this purchase you will get: 01 Pereskia corrugata Plant Description for Pereskia corrugata Plant height: 3 - 6 inches (7 - 16 cm) Plant spread: Pereskia, as traditionally circumscribed, is a genus of 17 tropical species and varieties of cacti that do not look much like other types of cacti, having substantial leaves and thin stems. They originate from the region between Brazil and Mexico. 1 / 3 Buy pereskia corrugata - succulent plant online at nurserylive | Best plants at lowest price Common name(s): Barbados gooseberry, blade-apple cactus, leaf cactus, rose cactus, and lemonvine Flower colours: Red, purple, pink, white Bloom time: Seasonal bloomer Max reachable height: 0.75 to 1.00 feet Difficulty to grow: Easy Planting and care Mound, mulch, or add compost after a few frosts but before the ground freezes. Sunlight: Full sun Soil: Loamy soil Water: Keep soil moist throughout the growing season, Water the plant once a week Temperature: 20 to 40 degrees C Fertilizer: Use any organic fertilizer Caring for Pereskia corrugata Stop fertilizing 6 weeks before the first frost but continue watering during dry autumn weather to help keep plants fortified during the dry winter.