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Aaron Family, Papers, 1864-1978 (Bulk 1920-1970)

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Aaron Family, Papers, 1864-1978 (Bulk 1920-1970) Aaron Family, Papers, 1864-1978 (bulk 1920-1970) Rauh Jewish Archives Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania Archives MSS#248 15 Boxes (Boxes 1-15); 7.5 linear feet. Biographical Sketch of the Aaron Family Louis Israel Aaron was born on October 18,1840 in Moschin, Germany. A prominent businessman in Pittsburgh, Aaron began his own company, the Louis I. Aaron Company, which manufactured malt. The company was incorporated on September 1, 1894 in West Virginia. He was also president of the Homer Laughlin China Company of East Liverpool, Ohio, the Newell Street Railway Company, and the North American Manufacturing Company of Newell, West Virginia. On his 70th birthday in 1910 Aaron gave $59,800 to various charities including the Hebrew Union College, the J.M. Gusky Orphanage and Home, the Irene Kaufmann Settlement, and the United Hebrew Relief Association. His $25,000 contribution helped lay the cornerstone of the Hebrew Institute of Pittsburgh. Louis was very involved with the Jewish community in Pittsburgh through his work with the United Hebrew Relief Association and the Hebrew Benevolent Society. Marcus Aaron, born on December 14, 1869, was the son of Louis Israel Aaron and Mina M. Lippman. Educated at the Conway School and the Preparatory Department of the University of Western Pennsylvania, Aaron received an honorary degree as a Doctor of Laws from the University of Pittsburgh in 1924. Marcus Aaron was president, and later chairman, of the Homer Laughlin China Company in Newell, West Virginia which manufactured semi-vitreous tableware. He also worked as treasurer of his father's company, the Louis I. Aaron Company. He was selected to be one of the first members of the Board of Education for the Pittsburgh School District in 1911 by the Board of Judges of the Common Pleas Court. He served on the board until his retirement in 1947 and was president from 1922 until 1942. Aaron was instrumental in the passage of the Edmunds Act in 1933 which established salary schedules for teachers. In addition, Aaron was a member of the State Board of Education from 1916 to 1921 and the State Council of Education from 1921 to 1923. Marcus was active in the Jewish community as a member on the board of governors for the Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati, Ohio and the Union of American Hebrew Congregations. He was also president of the Rodef Shalom Congregation. He was a trustee of the Carnegie Institute, the Carnegie Institute of Technology, and the Carnegie Library. He married Stella Hamburger on November 23, 1893 and had two children, Marcus Lester and Fannie Hamburger. Maxine Goldmark Aaron was the wife of Marcus Lester Aaron, son of Marcus Aaron. Maxine attended the Horace-Mann School for Girls in New York and graduated from Vassar College in 1924 with a degree in History and Economics. She married Marcus Lester Aaron in 1926. She was a member Rodef Shalom congregation. Like her father-in-law, Marcus Aaron, Maxine shared an ardent interest in public education. She served as president of the Pittsburgh Council of the P.T.A. and was appointed to the School Board in 1948. Maxine served on the School Board until 1975, as vice president from 1953 to 1956 and as the first female president from 1966 to Aaron Family Papers, page 2 1969. As president of the School Board, Aaron dealt with such issues as inadequate funding, racial integration, and a teacher's strike in 1968. She was the mother of one son, Marcus Aaron II, and three daughters, Maxine G. A. Rosston, Frances A. Hess, and Elinor G. A. Langer. Scope and Content Note The Aaron Family Papers are housed in 15 archival boxes and are arranged in five series. Series have been designated for Louis Israel Aaron, Marcus Aaron, Maxine Goldmark Aaron, Other Aaron Family Members, and Printed Material. The papers consist of correspondence, newspaper clippings, financial material, printed material, certificates, reports, scrapbooks, and other sundry items. The Aaron Family Papers document well the Pittsburgh Board of Education from the time of its inception in 1911 until the late 1960's through the service of Marcus Aaron and later his daughter-in-law Maxine Goldmark Aaron. Louis I. Aaron's papers contain abundant data on his various finances and business ventures. Lacking, however, is biographical material related to him or descriptive material related to his businesses. Although Louis Aaron served as president of the Homer Laughlin China Company there is very little documenting the history of the Company. The majority of material related to Maxine Aaron pertains to the Pittsburgh Board of Education. Series I: Aaron, Louis Israel (1840-1920) The Louis I. Aaron Papers are arranged alphabetically by folder title. The majority of material pertains to Aaron's various businesses. There are ten account books or ledgers kept by Louis Aaron from 1864 to 1920 which contain financial data and lists of expenses. The best descriptive information on the Louis I. Aaron Company comes from a Stock Book from 1894 to 1901. Aaron kept material on the Hebrew Institute of Pittsburgh which he helped to establish through his contributions. Aaron's large donations on his 70th birthday in 1910 are well documented. Included are checks and correspondence from Aaron to all of the charities which received funds. The documents related to the United Hebrew Relief Association primarily involve the Fidelity Title and Trust Company who became co-trustees of the organization. The minute book of the United Hebrew Relief Association is a useful source on the activities of that organization. Series II: Aaron, Marcus (1869-1954) The Marcus Aaron Papers are arranged alphabetically by folder title. The material has been divided into four subgroups documenting Aaron's work on the Board of Education, his business ventures, his fight to help his German cousin Magnus Neumann emigrate to the United States, and other miscellaneous activities. The largest subgroup represents Aaron's work on the Board of Education from 1911 to 1947. Abundant in this group are correspondence, mostly addressed to Aaron, regarding such issues as real estate taxation and teachers' salaries. There are a number of letters of appreciation addressed to Aaron congratulating him on his appointment and thanking him for his years of service on the Board of Education. In addition, there are a large number of statements issued by Aaron regarding such issues as the status of public education in Pittsburgh and financial problems facing public education. Of note in the documents related to the Board of Education is an episode in 1923 involving the failure of Governor Pinchot to reappoint State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Dr. Thomas E. Finegan, after his previous promise to do so. The episode prompted the resignations of prominent members of the State Education Council, Aaron Family Papers, page 3 including Marcus Aaron. The business materials consist of brewing consolidation contracts from a large number of local brewing companies purchased by Marcus Aaron and John D. Nicholson in 1904. There are also materials pertaining to the establishment of a Chicago malt operation in 1894 by the L.I. Aaron Company. There is little or no material concerning the Homer Laughlin China Company of which Aaron served as president and chairman. There are several folders containing correspondence by Marcus Aaron and his son Marcus Lester to immigration officials and Jewish aid organizations in the United States and Germany between 1938 and 1942. Marcus and his son made repeated attempts to get their Jewish cousin, Magnus Neumann, his wife Dorothea, and their daughter Else, from Germany into the United States. Their efforts were finally successful in 1941. The miscellaneous material relates to such activities as the conferral of Aaron's honorary degree from the University of Pittsburgh and Founder's Day celebrations at the Carnegie Institute. Series III: Aaron, Maxine (1903-1996) The Maxine Aaron Papers document the work of Maxine Aaron on the Pittsburgh Board of Public Education. The major areas represented deal with race relations and the teacher's strike of 1968 while Aaron served as president of the organization. Specifically, with regards to race relations, Aaron faced such issues as integration and racial unrest in the schools. The teachers' strike of 1968 was a very significant episode during her presidency. Abundant in the collection are clippings and correspondence concerning the strike. Numerous reports on education-related topics are found throughout the collection. In addition, Maxine kept clippings concerning Superintendent Sidney Marland and other members of the Board of Education. Series IV: Other Aaron Family Members This series contains miscellaneous material related to Charles Aaron, Marcus Lester Aaron, Mina Lippman Aaron, Phillip Hamburger, Fannie Hamburger, and Stella Hamburger. Although there is only one folder which contains invoices and receipts belonging to Charles Aaron, son of Louis I. Aaron, his name appears in various account books kept by Louis Aaron. Marcus Lester Aaron's papers primarily relate to his school days at Peabody High School between 1912 and 1915. Various memorial booklets for Mina Lippman Aaron, Phillip Hamburger, and Fannie H. Hamburger can also be found in this series. Series V: Printed Material This series contains miscellaneous printed material kept by members of the Aaron family. Included in this series are theatre programs, Board of Education pamphlets, such as the Pittsburgh Council of Parent-Teacher Association booklets from 1941 to 1951, and University of Pittsburgh programs. The remaining printed material is of a more eclectic nature. Useful are two issues of The Peabody yearbook from 1915 and 1916. Provenance: These materials came in one accession: Acc# 1996.0156 Gift of Marcus Aaron II (Son of Maxine Goldmark Aaron and Marcus Lester Aaron). Aaron Family Papers, page 4 Restrictions: Ledgers, account books, and papers regarding charitable donations belonging to Louis I.
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