The Beginning: 1 Taking Part in the Trans-Antarctic Expedition
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The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................. -
AQUILA BOOKS Specializing in Books and Ephemera Related to All Aspects of the Polar Regions
AQUILA BOOKS Specializing in Books and Ephemera Related to all Aspects of the Polar Regions Winter 2012 Presentation copy to Lord Northcliffe of The Limited Edition CATALOGUE 112 88 ‘The Heart of the Antarctic’ 12 26 44 49 42 43 Items on Front Cover 3 4 13 9 17 9 54 6 12 74 84 XX 72 70 21 24 8 7 7 25 29 48 48 48 37 63 59 76 49 50 81 7945 64 74 58 82 41 54 77 43 80 96 84 90 100 2 6 98 81 82 59 103 85 89 104 58 AQUILA BOOKS Box 75035, Cambrian Postal Outlet Calgary, AB T2K 6J8 Canada Cameron Treleaven, Proprietor A.B.A.C. / I.L.A.B., P.B.F.A., N.A.A.B., F.R.G.S. Hours: 10:30 – 5:30 MDT Monday-Saturday Dear Customers; Welcome to our first catalogue of 2012, the first catalogue in the last two years! We are hopefully on schedule to produce three catalogues this year with the next one mid May before the London Fairs and the last just before Christmas. We are building our e-mail list and hopefully we will be e-mailing the catalogues as well as by regular mail starting in 2013. If you wish to receive the catalogues by e-mail please make sure we have your correct e-mail address. Best regards, Cameron Phone: (403) 282-5832 Fax: (403) 289-0814 Email: [email protected] All Prices net in US Dollars. Accepted payment methods: by Credit Card (Visa or Master Card) and also by Cheque or Money Order, payable on a North American bank. -
Who Discovered the Northwest Passage? Janice Cavell1
ARCTIC VOL. 71, NO.3 (SEPTEMBER 2018) P.292 – 308 https://doi.org/10.14430/arctic4733 Who Discovered the Northwest Passage? Janice Cavell1 (Received 31 January 2018; accepted in revised form 1 May 2018) ABSTRACT. In 1855 a parliamentary committee concluded that Robert McClure deserved to be rewarded as the discoverer of a Northwest Passage. Since then, various writers have put forward rival claims on behalf of Sir John Franklin, John Rae, and Roald Amundsen. This article examines the process of 19th-century European exploration in the Arctic Archipelago, the definition of discovering a passage that prevailed at the time, and the arguments for and against the various contenders. It concludes that while no one explorer was “the” discoverer, McClure’s achievement deserves reconsideration. Key words: Northwest Passage; John Franklin; Robert McClure; John Rae; Roald Amundsen RÉSUMÉ. En 1855, un comité parlementaire a conclu que Robert McClure méritait de recevoir le titre de découvreur d’un passage du Nord-Ouest. Depuis lors, diverses personnes ont avancé des prétentions rivales à l’endroit de Sir John Franklin, de John Rae et de Roald Amundsen. Cet article se penche sur l’exploration européenne de l’archipel Arctique au XIXe siècle, sur la définition de la découverte d’un passage en vigueur à l’époque, de même que sur les arguments pour et contre les divers prétendants au titre. Nous concluons en affirmant que même si aucun des explorateurs n’a été « le » découvreur, les réalisations de Robert McClure méritent d’être considérées de nouveau. Mots clés : passage du Nord-Ouest; John Franklin; Robert McClure; John Rae; Roald Amundsen Traduit pour la revue Arctic par Nicole Giguère. -
The Reception and Commemoration of William Speirs Bruce Are, I Suggest, Part
The University of Edinburgh School of Geosciences Institute of Geography A SCOT OF THE ANTARCTIC: THE RECEPTION AND COMMEMORATION OF WILLIAM SPEIRS BRUCE M.Sc. by Research in Geography Innes M. Keighren 12 September 2003 Declaration of originality I hereby declare that this dissertation has been composed by me and is based on my own work. 12 September 2003 ii Abstract 2002–2004 marks the centenary of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition. Led by the Scots naturalist and oceanographer William Speirs Bruce (1867–1921), the Expedition, a two-year exploration of the Weddell Sea, was an exercise in scientific accumulation, rather than territorial acquisition. Distinct in its focus from that of other expeditions undertaken during the ‘Heroic Age’ of polar exploration, the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, and Bruce in particular, were subject to a distinct press interpretation. From an examination of contemporary newspaper reports, this thesis traces the popular reception of Bruce—revealing how geographies of reporting and of reading engendered locally particular understandings of him. Inspired, too, by recent work in the history of science outlining the constitutive significance of place, this study considers the influence of certain important spaces—venues of collection, analysis, and display—on the conception, communication, and reception of Bruce’s polar knowledge. Finally, from the perspective afforded by the centenary of his Scottish National Antarctic Expedition, this paper illustrates how space and place have conspired, also, to direct Bruce’s ‘commemorative trajectory’—to define the ways in which, and by whom, Bruce has been remembered since his death. iii Acknowledgements For their advice, assistance, and encouragement during the research and writing of this thesis I should like to thank Michael Bolik (University of Dundee); Margaret Deacon (Southampton Oceanography Centre); Graham Durant (Hunterian Museum); Narve Fulsås (University of Tromsø); Stanley K. -
The Adélie Mail & Cape Adare Times
THE ADÉLIE MAIL & CAPE ADARE TIMES Vol II A Variety of Supplementary Material Compiled by Robert B. Stephenson Jaffrey: The Erebus & Terror Press 2020 - 1 - CONTENTS The Northern Party .................................................................................................. 1 Northern Party Timeline .......................................................................................... 2 The Men Entries from Antarctica: An Encyclopedia....................................................8 Entries from other Sources ........................................................................... 11 The Hut ................................................................................................................. 29 Contributors .......................................................................................................... 36 Excerpts from Raymond Priestley’s Diaries & Journals ......................................... 38 relating to the Adélie Mail and Cape Adare Times Excerpts from Raymond Priestley’s Antarctic Adventure Scott’s Northern Party ....39 The Typewriter ...................................................................................................... 42 Other Images ......................................................................................................... 44 Bibliography .......................................................................................................... 48 - 2 - THE NORTHERN PARTY WIKIPEDIA ENTRY https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terra_Nova_Expedition#Northern_Party -
Rae of the Arctic*
RAE OF THE ARCTIC* by R. L. RICHARDS** ANYoNE WHO WAS asked to name a nineteenth-century doctor who is remembered more for his geographical explorations than his medical activities would think first of David Livingstone. If asked to mention a second he would probably find it difficult. Yet there are at least two other medical men, both of them Scots, who in the Arctic contributed as much to geographical knowledge as Livingstone did in Africa. One of these was Sir John Richardson. Born in Dumfries in 1787 he qualified at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1807. He joined the navy and later returned to Edinburgh and obtained his M.D. at Edinburgh University in 1817. For a time he practised as a physician in Leith but he then rejoined the navy and took part in several expeditions to the Arctic. He will feature later in this account. The other was Dr. John Rae. Although Rae was one of the great Arctic explorers of the nineteenth century, he has, for reasons that will appear later, been largely neg- lected. Even in books dealing with the exploration of the Arctic he generally receives only a brief mention. The medical profession has paid little attention to him. Short obituary notices appeared in the British Medical Journal' and in the Lancet2 in 1893 and he is mentioned by Comrie in his History of Scottish medicine.3 There are only two important contributions about him in the medical literature; an article by Ross Mitchell4 in the Canadian Medical Journal in 1933 and a contribution by Fortuine5 in the "Doctors Afield" series in the New England Journal ofMedicine in 1963. -
Vol. 6. No. 11 September 1973
TRAPPED IN THE ICE FOR THE FIRST TIME SINCE 1956 THE VETERAN SOVIET RESEARCH AND SUPPLY SHIP OB DRIFTED 450 MILES IN 90 DAYS FROM THE KING GEORGE V COAST TO THE DAVIS SEA UNTIL SHE BROKE FREE ON JULY 22 WITH THE AID OF HIGH WINDS, WAVES, AND EXPLOSIVES. BESIDE HER ON THE ICE IS HER MI-8 HELICOPTER, USED TO TRANSFER 67 SCIENTISTS AND SOME MEMBERS OF THE CREW TO THE NAVARIN AND THE PROFESSOR ZUBOV. — Novosti Photo Registered at Post Office Headquarters. Vol. 6. No. 11 Wellington, New Zealand, as a magazine. September 1973 DRAWN BY DEPARTMENT OF LANDS A SURVEY WELLINGTON, NEW ZEALAND, AUG 1969 3rd EDITION ^iiFr^iilE©!1!!©^ (Successor to "Antarctic News Bulletin") Vol. 6 No. 11 71st Issue September 1973 Editor: H. F. GRIFFITHS. 14 Woodchester Avenue, Christchurch 1. Assistant Editor: J. M. CAFFIN, 35 Chepstow Avenue, Christchurch 5. Address all contributions, enquiries, etc., to the Editor. All Business Communications, Subscriptions, etc., to: Secretary, New Zealand Antarctic Society (Inc.), P.O. Box 1223, Christchurch, N.Z. CONTENTS ARTICLES NEW ZEALANDERS WORK IN ANTARCTIC VOLCANO POLAR ACTIVITIES NEW ZEALAND UNITED KINGDOM SOVIET UNION JAPAN UNITED STATES AUSTRALIA SOUTH AFRICA SUB-ANTARCTIC CAMPBELL ISLAND GENERAL WHALING QUOTAS FIXED THE READER WRITES ANTARCTIC BOOKSHELF This issue of "Antarctic" is the last to be produced under the direction of Mr H. F. Griffiths, who has retired after more than three years as editor. The produc tion of a publication recognised internationally as an authoritative guide to the field activities of all nations engaged in Antarctica is a demanding task; Harold Griffiths has brought to it energy, enthusiasm, and understanding. -
Polar Honours of the Russian Geographical Society 1845–1995
The Journal of the Hakluyt Society December 2008 Polar Honours of the Russian Geographical Society 1845–1995 by Glenn M. Stein, FRGS & Lydia I. Iarukova, Director, Russian Geographical Society Museum Abstract This paper presents, for the first time in English, an overview of Russian polar exploration and research (almost exclusively Arctic) through a study of medals awarded by the Russian Geographical Society, their recipients and achievements, during the period of 1845–1995. Introduction The Imperial Russian Geographical Society (IRGS) was founded in St Petersburg on 6 August 1845 and was subject to the Ministry of Internal Affairs. The Society was composed of four departments: Physical Geography, Mathematical Geography, Statistics, Ethnography. As an incentive to those active in the geographical sciences, soon after the IRGS was founded a competition was organized and medals of the Society were awarded to explorers and researchers for geographical discoveries and investigation, including prominent work in the polar regions. The Society encouraged all persons in Russia interested in the geographical sciences to freely take part in the exchange of ideas and the start of useful public enterprises. Goals were set, the means of achieving them were discussed, and the results obtained were worked up and published. Already completed works were assessed. By 1970 it had published more than 2000 volumes of geographical literature, including the annual Zapiski (since 1846) and Izvestiia (since 1865). The advent of the First World War and the Russian Revolution caused a serious disruption in the issuance of medals. After the formation of the Soviet Union, the Society changed its name in 1926 to the State Geographical Society, and in 1938 to the Geographical Society of the USSR. -
Identifying Artefacts Associated with Captain Robert Falcon
IDENTIFYING ARTEFACTS ASSOCIATED WITH CAPTAIN ROBERT FALCON SCOTT’S BRITISH ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1910 – 1913 HELD IN CANTERBURY, NEW ZEALAND CONSIDERED SUITABLE FOR EXHIBITION. Captain Robert Falcon Scott and members of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13, Cape Evans, Antarctica, 1911. Credit Alexander Turnbull Library Collection Fiona Wills Personal Project Gateway Canterbury, Antarctic Studies February 2008 1 F Wills. G.C.A.S. February 2008. Between 1895 and 1917 (known as the heroic era of Antarctic exploration) a number of expeditions set out to explore and open Antarctica to the world. Given New Zealand’s proximity to the Ross Sea region of Antarctica, three of the heroic era expeditions departed and returned to/from Antarctica from the port of Lyttelton, Canterbury, New Zealand. As a result of the longstanding relationship with the people of Canterbury, the province’s organisations such as the Canterbury Museum, Lyttelton Museum and Antarctic Heritage Trust collectively house one of the world’s leading publicly accessible artefact collections from this period of Antarctic exploration. A century on the public fascination with the expeditions remains. The upcoming centenary of one of the most famous of the expeditions, the British Antarctic (Terra Nova) Expedition 1910-1913, led by Captain Robert Falcon Scott, provides unique opportunities to celebrate and profile the expedition and its leader, a man who has gone on to become legendary in the world of exploration. This paper identifies key artefacts associated with the expedition currently held by Canterbury institutions which have been identified as potentially suitable for public exhibition. Criteria was based on factors such as historical significance, visual impact and their ability to be exhibited. -
Medals and Awards Gold Medal Recipients
Medals and Awards Gold Medal Recipients The Gold Medals (Founder’s and Patron’s Medals) originated as an annual gift of fifty guineas from King William IV. It was awarded for the first time in 1831, for the encouragement and promotion of geographical science and discovery. In 1839 the Society decided that this sum should be converted into two gold medals of equal value, to be designated the Founder’s Medal and the Patron’s Medal. Today both Medals are approved by Her Majesty The Queen. Gold Medal recipients are listed in full below: 1832 Founder's Medal - Richard Lander For important services in determining the course and termination of the Niger 1833 Founder's Medal - John Biscoe For his discovery of Graham’s Land and Enderby’s Land in the Antarctic 1834 Founder's Medal - Captain Sir John Ross For his discovery of Boothia Felix and King William Land and for his famous sojourn of four winters in the Arctic 1835 Founder's Medal - Sir Alexander Burnes For his remarkable and important journeys through Persia 1836 Founder's Medal - Captain Sir George Back For his recent discoveries in the Arctic, and his memorable journey down the Great Fish River 1837 Founder's Medal - Captain Robert Fitzroy For his survey of the coasts of South America, from the Rio de la Plata to Guayaquil in Peru 1838 Founder's Medal - Colonel Francis Rawdon Chesney For valuable materials in comparative and physical geography in Syria, Mesopotamia and the delta of Susiana 1839 Founder's Medal - Thomas Simpson For tracing the hitherto unexplored coast of North America Patron's Medal - Dr. -
'Post-Heroic' Ages of British Antarctic Exploration
The ‘Heroic’ and ‘Post-Heroic’ Ages of British Antarctic Exploration: A Consideration of Differences and Continuity By Stephen Haddelsey FRGS Submitted for Ph.D. by Publication University of East Anglia School of Humanities November 2014 Supervisor: Dr Camilla Schofield This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there-from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. 1 Synopsis This discussion is based on the following sources: 1. Stephen Haddelsey, Charles Lever: The Lost Victorian (Gerrards Cross: Colin Smythe Ltd, 2000) 2. Stephen Haddelsey, Born Adventurer: The Life of Frank Bickerton, Antarctic Pioneer (Sutton Publishing, 2005) 3. Stephen Haddelsey, Ice Captain: The Life of J.R. Stenhouse (The History Press, 2008) 4. Stephen Haddelsey, Shackleton’s Dream: Fuchs, Hillary & The Crossing of Antarctica (The History Press, 2012) 5. Stephen Haddelsey with Alan Carroll, Operation Tabarin: Britain’s Secret Wartime Expedition to Antarctica, 1944-46 (The History Press, 2014) Word Count: 20,045 (with an additional 2,812 words in the acknowledgements & bibliography) 2 Table of Contents 1. Approach 4 2. The ‘Heroic’ and ‘Post-Heroic’ Ages of British Antarctic Exploration: A Consideration of Differences and Continuity 35 3. Acknowledgements 76 4. Bibliography 77 3 Approach Introduction Hitherto, popular historians of British -
Australian Antarctic Magazine
AusTRALIAN MAGAZINE ISSUE 21 2011 7317 AusTRALIAN ANTARCTIC ISSUE 2011 MAGAZINE 21 The Australian Antarctic Division, a division of the Department for Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities, leads Australia’s CONTENTS Antarctic program and seeks to advance Australia’s Antarctic interests in pursuit of its vision of having New Director looks forward to Antarctic future 1 ‘Antarctica valued, protected and understood’. It does CENTENARY CELEBRATIONS this by managing Australian government activity in Antarctica, providing transport and logistic support to A centenary of science 4 Australia’s Antarctic research program, maintaining four Spinning an icy yarn in Antarctica 6 permanent Australian research stations, and conducting scientific research programs both on land and in the Cape Denison Post Office established 7 Southern Ocean. ANTARCTIC SCIENCE Australia’s four Antarctic goals are: • To maintain the Antarctic Treaty System and Oceans need big animals 8 enhance Australia’s influence in it; Journal focuses on Antarctic sea ice research 12 • To protect the Antarctic environment; Model simulations investigate Totten thinning 14 • To understand the role of Antarctica in the Australian Antarctic Science Season 2011–12 16 global climate system; and • To undertake scientific work of practical, MARINE MAMMAL RESEARCH economic and national significance. Surveying dugong responses to extreme weather events 18 Australian Antarctic Magazine seeks to inform the Conserving Thailand ’s cetaceans 19 Australian and international Antarctic community about the activities of the Australian Antarctic program. Dolphins under threat 20 Opinions expressed in Australian Antarctic Magazine do Surveying cetaceans in Palau 21 not necessarily represent the position of the Australian Government. SUBANTARCTIC FORUM Australian Antarctic Magazine is produced twice a year Subantarctic islands in the spotlight 22 (June and December).