Together for a Better Future Strategies for Achieving Social Justice

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Dear fellow IFP alumni, colleagues, friends, and special guests: The Palestine Chapter of the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program (IFP) Alumni Association is pleased and honored to welcome you to the first-ever IFP alumni conference in Palestine. For the past decade, through the generosity of the Ford Foundation and the efforts and commitment of AMIDEAST, IFP has provided opportunities for advanced study to exceptional Palestinian individuals who have committed to using this educational opportunity to become leaders in their respective fields, furthering Palestinian development. With its special focus on social change and social justice, IFP is uniquely positioned to create—as it has over the past decade- a cadre of activists, leaders and professionals committed to progressive change and development in cknowledgements Palestine. A As IFP alumni, we are as proud of our accomplishments as we are humbled by the responsibility we now have to ensure that the knowledge, skills, and experiences we have gained through IFP result in a legacy of progressive We would like to express our appreciation and gratitude to the Ford Foundation and Dr. change truly rooted in the tenets and values of social justice. While some of us have already been hard at work Joan Dassin, Executive Director of the International Fellowships Program, along with her fulfilling that mission, others are just now getting underway. staff, for their generous support and commitment to our success over the years. In addition, we would like to thank Ambassador Theodore Kattouf, President and CEO of AMIDEAST, This conference is an opportunity for all of us, along with all of you, to take stock of where we have been, how far we have come, and where we would like to go from here. We sincerely hope that the body of research and experience along with his dedicated team in the West Bank and Gaza, for their hard work and sustained presented and discussed today will demonstrate our commitment to social change and social justice in Palestine efforts in administering IFP since its inception in Palestine, and for supporting the IFPAA and in the world, as well as our potential to lead social change and social justice now and in the future—in our executive committee in organizing this landmark, first-ever conference. Finally, we would like professions, our communities, our country, and the world. to acknowledge the support of the Palestinian Academic Council for its assistance with the We have prepared this booklet as a companion to the conference agenda, in order to provide additional information conference program in the West Bank. by way of background and introduction. The first section provides an overview of the IFP program globally and in Palestine. The second section contains biographical sketches of the Palestinian academics and researchers—among them a number of IFP alumni - who are presenting their research at this conference, along with abstracts of their research on a diverse range of social change and social justice issues in the fields of health, education, community development, environment, women, and human rights. Finally, a list of Palestinian IFP alumni is included in the last section of this booklet. We are proud to share with you the highlights of some or our work and research and that of other valued colleagues, and we thank you for your engagement and support. We look forward to your participation not just in the conference today but also in a partnership for positive, constructive change and development in Palestine and beyond- together, for a better future.

Sincerely,

International Fellowships Program Alumni Association Palestine Chapter

2 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 3 management. At the same time, they are forming and discrimination within developing countries, Overview of the Ford Foundation International national associations or building networks across IFP promotes greater access and equity in higher national borders, to sustain connections and inspire education, a significant contribution to social justice. new collective efforts toward shared social justice IFP recognizes that “disadvantage” takes many different Fellowships Program goals. forms. Each IFP site has developed guidelines for The Ford Foundation International Fellowships new generation of social injustice leaders. The program In 2009, final selections were held in Russia, the recruiting and selecting fellows in accordance with Program (IFP) provides opportunities for advanced offers fellowships for post-graduate study to leaders Philippines and Palestine. All other sites will hold their the nature of social exclusion and marginalization in study to exceptional individuals who will use this from underserved communities in Asia, Africa, Middle final selections in 2010, bringing the total number of specific contexts and conditions, for diverse reasons education to become leaders in their respective fields, East, Latin America, and Russia. IFP Fellows to around 4,300. IFP will conclude its work including discrimination based on gender, ethnicity, furthering development in their own countries and by 2013, in keeping with the original plan laid out by geography, and physical disability. The resulting system Fellowship recipients are exceptional individuals with greater economic and social justice worldwide. IFP Ford Foundation and IFP leadership at the program’s is a fine-tuned interplay of local and global features, demonstrated social commitment and academic provides fellowships for up to three years, to pursue start. IFP now enters its four-year impact and learning policy parameters, and implementation strategies achievement. Typically, they are men and women Master’s and PhD’s in a broad range of academic phase, focusing on assessing and disseminating the designed to achieve more equal access to higher who have overcome obstacles such as poverty and disciplines and interdisciplinary fields in any country knowledge generated by its groundbreaking model of education. discrimination to gain access to higher education, in the world. To ensure that fellows are drawn from leadership development. As part of its mandate, IFP will and they aspire to work for social justice in their home diverse backgrounds, IFP actively seeks candidates work to shape policies that open the doors of higher communities upon completion of their studies. from social groups and communities that lack education to a new generation of social justice leaders. Higher Education and Social Change systematic access to higher education. Since its inception, the program has selected more than 3,800 fellows from 22 countries through a highly Higher education is an essential long-term investment Funded through the largest single grant ever made competitive process. Fellows can study in any region of The IFP Vision for addressing major social issues. Trained people who by the Ford Foundation, $280 million over ten years the world, in any region of the world, and have enrolled are also socially committed and morally responsible and an additional $75 million over five years, the in 544 universities in some 45 countries. About one- IFP is a fellowship program uniquely designed to leaders can identify and address urgent needs in their Foundation intends to build on its half century of third study in the United States and Canada one-third promote social justice, community development, communities. This is the basis for social advancement support for higher education. Foundation programs in the United Kingdom and continental Europe, and and access to higher education. As the single largest and economic development. have long promoted the highest educational standards program ever supported by the Ford Foundation, one-third in their home countries or regions. IFP graduates bring new knowledge and skills to social and achievement. IFP fellowship recipients have IFP advances the Foundation’s mission around the Fellows’ fields of study represent the Ford Foundation’s justice issues in their communities. become leaders in institutions around the world and world. The program supports talented individuals commitment to strengthen democratic values, have helped build global knowledge in fields ranging from marginalized social groups, and encourages In India, for example, alumni from tribal areas are reduce poverty and injustice, promote international across the natural and social sciences as well as the them to use their leadership skills and knowledge working with vulnerable populations to protect land cooperation, and advance human achievement. humanities and arts. IFP draws on this tradition and to work toward positive social change in their home rights and promote economic development. underscores the Foundation’s belief that education As of December 2009, almost 2200 fellows have communities and countries. In Brazil, the first indigenous person to earn a doctoral enables people to improve their own lives as well as to completed their fellowships. More than 83% of these degree has shown the country that indigenous people assist others in the common pursuit of more equitable alumni have returned to or continued to reside in can succeed at the highest educational levels. and just societies. www.fordifp.org their home countries. In every IFP country, alumni Access and Equity are working to strengthen social justice in diverse Elsewhere, Fellows and alumni have established rural fields. Alumni all over the world are working in Despite expansion in the numbers of students health clinics, and work in government, civil society History and Mission government and civil society organizations, teaching attending universities, disadvantaged communities organizations and universities on practical programs, in universities and leading advocacy efforts, in fields continue to be seriously under-represented in advocacy, and training in such fields as bilingual The International Fellowships Program was launched such as education, public health, agriculture, law and higher education throughout the world. By directing education, agricultural productivity, the arts, and with a grant from the Ford Foundation in 2001 to human rights, arts and culture, and natural resource fellowships to members of groups that suffer exclusion women’s rights. broaden access to higher education and help build a

4 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 5 Here in Palestine, today’s conference will give you a The IFP Model not require special targeting. IPF partner organizations academic qualifications, leadership capacity, and social sense of the growing impact and potential legacy of work with local scholars, activists, public intellectuals, commitment. IFP Fellows and alumni in Gaza and the West Bank. and public sector representatives to develop locally How does IFP identify, recruit, select, and support such IFP enhances its ability to attract diverse candidates by meaningful definitions of“disadvantage.” an unusual group of fellows? eliminating any age limit, by permitting study in a wide Fostering Leadership The program has developed a unique model: an range of academic fields and disciplines, and by allowing integrated approach to increasing access and equity Tailored Recruitment Strategies fellows to enroll in universities located in any part of the IFP provides potential leaders from the world’s in higher education that also contributes to social world, including in their home country or region. disadvantaged communities with higher education so justice. The model combines outreach to previously Educational opportunities typically tend to be that they can contribute to development in their own excluded beneficiaries with an emphasis on enhancing concentrated in major urban centers and are focused Locally-constituted, Independent countries. How does the IFP counter the tendency for fellows’ knowledge, skills, and capacity to serve as on urban elites. IFP has therefore developed innovative Selection Panels “brain drain” to draw educated people to the West, transformational leaders in their home countries. methods to reach remote and disadvantaged away from their countries of origin? populations. Selection panels bring a high level of familiarity Fellows are selected on the basis of their commitment Local Partner Organizations These include: advertising in vernacular languages with local needs and conditions. Local knowledge to, and ongoing engagement with, their communities, in local media markets; working with universities, enables panelists to assess candidates on IFP’s in addition to their academic credentials. For the 65 As a global program operating in 22 countries, IFP’s NGOs and government entities in rural areas; offering multiple dimensions, from equity and opportunity percent of Fellows who study abroad, IFP provides effectiveness is closely tied to its innovative structure: information sessions to potential candidates who considerations to leadership, social engagement resources that enable them to remain connected to a Secretariat in New York manages the program as otherwise would not apply; and relying on program and academic performance and potential. Another their home countries as well as incentives for them to a whole and sets policy guidelines, while partner alumni from the targeted groups to recruit new advantage of locally-constituted selection panels is return home and become involved in alumni activities organizations in 22 countries manage key aspects of candidates. that candidates can submit applications in their own upon graduation. language(s). the program in each local context. Partner organizations in each country refine these Approximately 83 percent of nearly 2,200 IFP graduates This decentralized architecture has enabled IFP to strategies each year based on the previous cycle’s While IFP employs well-known “best practices” in now live and work in their home countries and sustain a flexible, country-based operation within a candidate pool. After two years of national outreach selections found in other fellowship programs (panel regions. Of those still abroad, nearly all are completing single global framework. in India, for example, IFP focused recruitment efforts members representing different constituencies and doctoral degrees or enrolling in doctoral programs. on a narrower band of states in the country’s poorest subject areas, multiple levels of screening and review, These numbers show that IFP’s focus on members of regions. standardized scoring and ranking systems), these are disadvantaged and excluded communities who have Identification of Target Groups adapted to local needs. In Brazil, for example, where leadership capacity and a strong commitment to race and ethnicity raise complicated questions about promote change in their home countries is a powerful To achieve greater equity and educational opportunity, Comprehensive Selection Criteria identity and discourse, interviewing is done by black- antidote to “brain drain.” each local partner considers gender, race and ethnicity, white-indigenous combinations of panelists that often IFP’s emphasis on social equity and educational surprise candidates who hold their own assumptions For these individuals, an international fellowship is not religion, region of origin, economic and educational opportunity as an entry threshold is in marked and biases about prospective interviewers. primarily a path to individual career enhancement; background, parents’ education and employment, and physical disability. Although these factors affect access contrast to other international fellowships programs, rather, it is the beginning of a new stage in their work and the inclusion of non-academic criteria to judge Worldwide, IFP has earned a reputation for for social justice at home. to educational opportunity in all IFP countries, their transparency, stemming from the professional relative weight differs in each context. candidates’ relative merits as “transformative leaders” is also distinctive. These criteria are developed standing, integrity and independence of the selection Gender-based prejudice, for example, impedes women by local partners: first to define basic eligibility in panels. To safeguard the perception (and reality) from pursuing higher education in many African relation to “equity and opportunity,” and then to that the program is not captured by special interests, countries, while in Russia and Brazil, women are in the determine individual competitiveness in regard to neither Ford Foundation nor IFP officials are permitted majority, at least in certain academic fields, and thus do to serve on selection panels.

6 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 7 nurturing strong fellow-partner relationships, IFP has This conference, the first-ever IFP alumni conference Pre-academic Training, Advising and Monitoring Placement not succumbed to “brain drain.” More than 80% of in Palestine, aims to demonstrate the caliber of IFP’s unique decentralized system requires partner IFP alumni are now living and working in their home Palestinian IFP alumni and showcase their important countries or regions. work in their fields of research and expertise. IFP does not require that a candidate has been organizations to maintain contact with active fellows accepted at his or her chosen university, a requirement regardless of their study location. This creates a Further incentives for return are built into the IFP Additional information regarding IFP in Palestine can that is often a significant barrier for people with limited supplementary support system that goes well beyond system through partner-provided services including be found at the following web link: regular student services provided at host universities. access to higher education and insufficient knowledge counseling for returning fellows and information on [email protected] and means to identify and apply to high quality post- To access important program benefits such as job and study opportunities. Partners also enable graduate programs. professional enhancement and family funds, and returning fellows to stay connected to the program, as recruiters, selection panel members, and active During the one-year “fellow-elect” period, IFP provides to take advantage of special IFP features such as AMIDEAST and its Role in IFP members of country-based IFP alumni associations and preparatory training and placement support for sandwich programs or English language programs networks. America-Mideast Educational and Training Services, entrance into universities. Working with local at the University of Arkansas, fellows must request Inc. (AMIDEAST) is a private, nonprofit organization that providers, the program offers pre-enrollment training approval from their home country partners. In order strengthens mutual understanding and cooperation to fellows-elect on an as-needed basis in areas such as to renew multi-year grants, fellows must provide their About the IFP Community between Americans and the peoples of the Middle computer literacy, research skills and academic writing, local partners with proof that they have completed the current academic year in good standing. These East and North Africa. Every year, AMIDEAST provides as well as foreign language study. For about one-third The IFP is creating a community of global leaders reporting requirements allow partners to provide their scholarship and exchange program opportunities, of IFP fellows, preparatory training continues after working for social change, by offering fellowships fellows with additional guidance on how best to utilize English language and professional skills training, arrival at their host universities. for advanced study to men and women across the the fellowship to finish their academic programs and educational advising, and testing services to hundreds developing world. By the start of 2009, almost 1,700 During the fellow-elect period, the selected candidates meet degree requirements. of thousands of students and professionals in the also receive educational advising to help them refine IFP alumni had completed their fellowships, and Middle East and North Africa. In addition, AMIDEAST their study objectives, which in turn facilitates their IFP’s outstanding completion and graduation rates 80% had returned home, or continued to live in their supports numerous institutional development placement in universities. The investment in preparing are evidence that this supplementary support system country. Of those still abroad, many are pursuing projects in the region. Founded in 1951, AMIDEAST is fellows for academic success is one of IFP’s most is highly effective. Among the first 1,000 IFP alumni, further studies. The vast majority of IFP alumni in headquartered in Washington, DC with a network of important and effective innovations. 98% finished their post-graduate programs and nearly Palestine and elsewhere continue to be engaged in field offices in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, 85%, including doctoral fellows, earned their degrees. social change and social justice work, both at home IFP convincingly demonstrates that academic Morocco, Oman, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, West Especially for fellows who study abroad, the local and abroad. Bank/Gaza, and Yemen. excellence and equity are fully compatible goals, reporting responsibility keeps students connected to provided that candidates from disadvantaged their home countries. AMIDEAST first open its doors in Palestine in 1957 in backgrounds receive preparation and support to IFP Palestine East Jerusalem. Since then, AMIDEAST’s field operations “level the playing field”prior to starting their degree have grown to include five offices: El-Bireh/Ramallah, programs. Over 95% of IFP fellows-elect enter high Support for Return and Alumni Activities The International Fellowships Program first started Gaza, Hebron, Jerusalem and Nablus. While many quality post-graduate programs within the stipulated in Palestine in 2001. Since then 121 fellows have organizations operating in the West Bank and Gaza one-year placement period. Although concerns about “brain drain” cannot be fully been selected for the program. Approximately 80% have had an uneven and ad hoc presence based on assuaged, IFP demonstrates that the problem can of fellows received funding for Master’s degrees and the availability of funds and project work, AMIDEAST’s be addressed through a program’s intrinsic design 20% for PhDs. The IFP Program in Palestine held its operational model is different. We maintain permanent features. By favoring candidates who demonstrate last selection in 2009 but continues to monitor and field offices and long-term local staff; as such, our sustained engagement with their home communities, support fellows and work on alumni development and reputation is highly respected in the community and offering the possibility of earning one’s degree at activities. the organization is known for being committed to long home while spending short periods abroad, and

8 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 9 term partnerships with and assistance to Palestinian of marginalization and lack of access as they apply organizations, institutions, students, and professionals. to higher education in the West Bank and Gaza. Moreover, our permanent field office infrastructure, As a result, AMIDEAST learned about groups and Conference Organizers existing systems, and seasoned, professional staff communities that systematically lack access to higher enable responsive and locally appropriate approaches education, such as rural women or women who and solutions to pressing educational development married at early ages, the Bedouin, ex-detainees, West Bank West Bank issues in Palestine, as well as other countries in the persons with disabilities, and those who abandoned Academic Advisory Committee Logistics Committee region. their studies under economic pressure to be gainfully For nearly a decade, AMIDEAST has handled the employed. As such, IFP Fellows recruited and selected Dr. Asma Imam Dr. Muna Ahmead promotion, selection, and pre-departure testing and in Palestine through AMIDEAST have included women’s training for Palestinian IFP applicants, candidates, activists, village council members, representatives of Dr. Abed Al-Azeez Thabet Mr. Murad Al Husani and fellows-elect, and played a similar role on behalf charitable associations, refugee camp committees, of the program in Egypt. Over the years, AMIDEAST grassroots NGOs, and West Bank Bedouin, as well Dr. Mai Maghetheh Ms. Iman Jadu as UNRWA and the Ministries of Social Affairs and has targeted socio-economically disadvantaged Dr. Muna Ahmead Ms. Maysa Khasabri Palestinians with academic promise but who lack Education and Higher Education, drawn from locations access to higher education opportunities. AMIDEAST all over Palestine. Dr. Ahmad Hammad Dr. Jamal Hiseen conducted research through focus groups and Additional information regarding AMIDEAST is interviews during IFP’s initial implementation in available on our website, at the following link: www. Dr. Ahmad Rahhal order to gain a better understanding of the concepts amideast.org. Gaza Dr. Nael Abed Al-Rahman Logistics Committee Ms. Fida Mousa Dr. Jihad El Hissi Ms. Maha Hassan Mr. Samir Abu Shatat Ms. Intisar Tawil Mr. Sami Mikdad Ms. Ranya Ali Mr. Tawfiq Al Hallaq Mr. Yamen Qeshta Mr. Fawzi Abu Jazar Mr. Anees Abu Hashem Mr. Samer Al Jamal

10 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 11 Session West Bank Women Presenters

12 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 13 Biographies WO½öIŽö�« —UJ�_« —UA²½« Wł—œË wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« Èu²�� W�dF� Biographies WKzUF�« ·dý WOHKš vKŽ q²I�« rz«dł w³Jðd� Èb� W�öÝ ÊU1« Randa Barghouth, BA W�öÝ ÊU1≈ Randa Barghouth is a social worker and WOMOD�KH�« WÞdA�« w� VOI½ W³ðdÐ qLFð ¨WMN*« ¨WЫdI�« WK� ¨sJ��« ÊUJ� ¨fM'«® v�≈ ÈeFð wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« ∫·bN�« trainer at the Psycho-Social Counseling W�«œ ‚Ëd� błË sJ� Æ©ÍdÝ_« qšb�« ¨…dÝ_« œ«d�_« œbŽ ¨dLF�« —UA²½« Wł—œË wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« Èu²�� W�dF� v�≈ WÝ«—b�« Ác¼ ·bNð Center for Women (PSCCW) in Bethlehem. r( XOÐ WE�U×� WÞdý w� …dÝ_« W¹ULŠ r�� …d¹b� wLOKF²�« Èu²�*«® v�≈ ÈeFð wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« UDÝu²� w� WOzUBŠ≈ iF³Ð UL¼dŁQð Èb�Ë ¨ULNMOÐ W�öF�« wBIðË WO½öIŽö�« —UJ�_« She has extensive experience in working with w� dO²�łU� Ë WOÐd²�« w� ”u¹—u�UJÐ ∫wLKF�« q¼R*«¨ Æ©ÊułËe²*« `�UB� WOŽUL²łô« W�U(«Ë wF�U'« Èu²�*« `�UB� victims of social and political violence, and WDýU½ ¨ ”bI�« WF�Uł s� w�HM�«Ë ÍuÐd²�« œUý—ù« WOHKš vKŽ q²I�« rz«dł w³Jðd� Èb� p�–˨ ≠WO�«dG1b�«– «dOG²*« Ê√ Ë ¨WO½öIŽö�« v�≈ öO� d¦�√ X½U� WO½öIŽö�« —UJ�_« Wł—œ Ê« is trained and qualified in using EMDR as a qLFK� …√d*« ÊU' UÞUA½ ‰öš s� W¹«b³�« X½U� t¹u�½ U¼—«bI� WMOŽ vKŽ¨5D�K� w� WO�ULA�« UE�U;« w� WKzUF�« ·dý ©≤π® r�— …dIH�« ¨UN²�bI� w� ¡Uł …dA²M*« WO½öIŽö�« —UJ�_« new approach with trauma victims. She also U¹UCIÐ r²NðË W�uHD�« W¹ULŠ WJ³ý w� uCŽ¨ wŽUL²łô« Æ 5�M'« ö� s� ©±±≥® q�√ s� …√d�«Ë qł— ©∏∞® W�«cM�«Ë W�)«Ë dA�« vKŽ Êu�u³−� ”UM�« iFТ vKŽ hMð w²�«Ë represents the PSCCW in defending various ƉUHÞ_« U¹UC�Ë ÍdÝ_« nMF�« networks and coalitions, in particular the ¨©∑[≥≤® wÐU�Š jÝu²0 ¢r¼—UI²Š«Ë rNMŽ œUF²Ðô« Vł«u�« s�Ë Palestinian Non-Governmental Organization w²�«Ë ©≤∂®r�— …dJH�« UNDÝuð ULMOÐ ¨WO½öIŽö�« v�≈ dOA¹ «c¼Ë ∫W�b�²�*« WO−NM*« against Domestic Violence Against Women, dC¹ UNOKŽ t�uHð oKDM� s� …«d*« l� qłd�« q�UFð Ê« ¢vKŽ hMð q?� tzU?M³Ð ÂU?� Íc?�« wH?ÞUF?�« ¡U?�c?�« ”U?OI� W?¦ŠU³�« X�b�?²Ý« and the Coalition of Women’s Organizations ©∂[∏∞® wÐU�Š jÝu²0 p�–Ë ¢ULNMOÐ ÂuIð Ê« V−¹ w²�« W�öF�« w� —UJ�ú� w½U×¹d�« —U³²š«Ë ¨ ©Salovey and Mayer®©±ππ∞® s� for Development. r�— …dJH�« «—UA²½« UNK�Ó√ ÊU� 5Š w� ¨WO½öIŽö�« v�≈ öO� d¦�√ w¼Ë U½UO³�« W'UF� X9 ZzU²M�« ’ö�²Ýô˨Æ≠WO½öIŽö�«– WO½öIF�« WO½öIŽö�« v�≈ öO� d¦�√ UC¹√ w¼Ë ©∂[¥≤® wÐU�Š jÝu²0 ©¥® Í—UOF*« ·«d×½ô«Ë WOÐU�(« UDÝu²*« »U�Š o¹dÞ sŽ UOzUBŠ≈ Æ¢l�uð√ U� dOž vKŽ wðQð ‰ULŽ√ ZzU²½ q³�« Ê« lOD²Ý« ô ¢vKŽ hMðË one ≠ way® ÍœUŠ_« s¹U³²�« qOK% Ë ¨©T≠Test® © ® —U³²š« Ë wÐdG*« “UO²�« WLŠö²�« b�Uš Æœ UDÝu²� w� WOzUBŠ≈ W�ôœ «– ‚Ëd� œułË ÂbŽ ZzU²M�« dNþ√ UL� ® ÊuÝdOÐ ◊U³ð—ô« q�UF�Ë ©Tukey® w�uð —U³²š«Ë ©ANOVA W³ðU� ’U)« Êu½UI�« w� WH�KH�« …«—u²�œ ¨WЫdI�« WK� ¨sJ��« ÊUJ� ¨fM'« ®v�≈ ÈeFð WO½öIŽö�« —UJ�_« Æ©Pearson Correlation ô≈Æ©ÍdNA�« qšb�« ¨…dÝ_« œ«d�_« œbŽ ¨WOŽUL²łô« W�U(« ¨WMN*« WOŽUL²ł«Ë WOÝUOÝ …b¹bŽ wŠ«u½ w� ôUI� W³ðU� ¨±πππ ÂUŽ cM� Êœ—ô« w� …U�U;« WMN* ‰Ë«e� w�U×� q¼R*« 5Ð X½U� YOŠ wLKF�« q¼R*« dOG²� ®v�≈ ÈeFð ‚Ëd� „UM¼ Ê√ ¨wzUC� qJAÐ ÂUŽ Í√— WOC� V�Jð WO�öŽ≈ ‰Ë√Ë ¨W¹dÝ√Ë ÂUŽ ’U)« Êu½UI�« w� WH�KH�« …«—u²�œ Wł—œ vKŽ q�UŠ wÝUÝ√® `�UB� ©d¦�Q� wF�Uł® wLKF�« q¼R*«Ë ©q�Q� wÝUÝ√® wLKF�« ∫ZzU²M�« w� ÂUF�« VzUM�« q³� s� ‰UI²Ž« d�√ UNI×Ð —b� XOŠ X¹“dOÐ WF�Uł w� ‚uI(« WOK� w� «–U²Ý√ qLF¹ ¨≤∞∞∂ W¹dLF�« W¾H�« 5Ð X½U� YOŠ dLF�« dOG²� v�≈ ÈeFð ‚Ëd�Ë Æ©q�Q� Wł—œ r¼√ Ê√ Ë ¨WFHðd� X½U� wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« Wł—œ Ê√ WÝ«—b�« dNþ√ ¨ÂUŽ ≤∞ cM� ÂöŽù« w� XKLŽ ¨ ‰UI� dA½ dŁ≈ 5D�K� ÂUF�« w� W¹œuF��« w� UO½u½U� —UA²��Ë ¨≤∞∞∑ ÂUŽ cM� Æ©©WMÝ ¥µ ≠≥∂® `�UB� ©WMÝ ¥µ ≠≥∂® W¹dLF�« W¾H�«Ë ©WMÝ ≥µ – ≤µ® ¢vKŽ hMð w²�«Ë ©≤¥® r�— …dIH�« «—UA²½« wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« «dI� s� WOK×� ¨WÐu²J�Ë WŽuL��Ë WOzd� WO�öŽ≈ qzUÝË w� w� WO½œ—_« UF�U'« s� œbŽ w� qLŽ UL� ¨≤∞∞∑Ø≤∞∞∂ w²�«Ë©±∑®r�—…dIH�« UNOK𨢅bOł¡UOýQÐÊu�uI¹U�bMŽ s¹dšü« —b�« s� d¦�√ w� WO�öŽ≈Ë W³ðUJ� UN²�UC²Ý« X9 ¨WOÐdŽË s� œbŽ V¹—bð vKŽ ·dA�Ë »—b� Æ≤∞∞∂ ≠±πππ «uŽ_« …dIH�« rŁ ¢bOł wł«e� ÊuJ¹ U�bMŽ W�uN�Ð öJA*« qŠ« ¢vKŽ hMð «—Ëœ w� X�—Uý¨WO�ËœË WOÐdŽË WOK×� ÂöŽ≈ WKOÝË Êœ—_« w� WOF¹dA²�« WžUOB�« ‰U−� w� 5¦ŠU³�«Ë ¡«d³)« ∫ UO�u²�«Ë UłU²M²Ýô« wMðœU� wðUOŠ w� WO�Ozd�« À«bŠù« iFÐ ¢vKŽ hMð w²�«Ë ©∂® r�— Êœ—_«Ë UJO−KÐË ¨UOMO�—√Ë ¨UO½«d�Ë√ s� q� w� WO�öŽ≈ U¾O¼Ë WO½u½UI�« U�ÝR*« s� œbŽ w� uCŽ ¨5D�K�Ë ÃöF�« W¹dE½ «b�²Ý« WÝ«—b�« UNÐ Xłdš w²�« UO�u²�« r¼√ s� «dIH�« q�« ÊU� ULMOÐ ¨WLN*« dOž s� WLN*« —u�_« rOOIð …œUŽ≈ v�≈ «b�²Ý« d9R� ∫UNM� «d9R� w� d{UŠ Æ‚«dF�«Ë w�uJ(« qLF�« w� …œUNý vKŽ q�UŠ ÆWO�Ëb�« rOJײ�« Z�«dР«b�²Ý« Ë ¨WOzU�ËË WOłöŽ Z�«dÐ ‰öš s� wHÞUF�« ≠wKIF�« qzUÝd�« rN� w� WÐuF� bł√¢ vKŽ hMð w²�«Ë ©µ® r�— …dIH�« UŽuOý …√d*«Ë ¨UOH�œöO� WF�Uł w� WO�öŽù« WODG²�« w� …—uB�« U�½d� w� …—«œû� WOMÞu�« WÝ—b*« s� W�UF�« UÝUO��«Ë rKF²�« UN�öš s� rKF²¹ wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« w� WO�UŽ WO�UF� Ë– W¹œUý—≈ U�bMŽ ¢vKŽ hMð w²�«Ë ©≤∏® r�— …dIH�« Ë ¢s¹dšü« s� W¹uHA�« dOž W¹«Ë— UN¹b� ¨„u�dO�« WF�Uł w� WOMOD�KH�« W¹«Ëd�« w� ÀU×Ð√Ë V²� s� WOLKF�« UH�R*« s� b¹bF�« t�Ë ¨≤∞∞π ÂUŽ qŠ w� wHÞUF�« ¡U�c�« nOþuð w� …bOł UO−Oð«d²Ý« oKš vKŽ U¼bFÐ ¡UłËÆ¢qA�« ·uÝ wM½√ bI²Ž« wM½_ rK�²Ý« U� U¹b% tłË√ XOÐ …dOHÝ ∫UNM� ¨ UOFL'« s� œbF� WK¦2Ë ÆdAMð r� s� b¹bF�« w� „—Uý UL� ¨WLJ×� WOLKŽ ö−� w� dA½ Æœd� qJÐ W�U)« W¹uÐd²�«Ë WOŽUL²łô«Ë WO�HM�« öJA*« Æ¢wHÞ«uŽ vKŽ dDOÝ√ Ê√ lOD²Ý« ¢ vKŽ hMð w²�«Ë ©≤±® r�— …dI� »U²� œU%« w� ÂöŽù« W�ËR��Ë ¨5D�K� w� wÐdG*« »œ_« ÆWO�Ëb�«Ë WOK;« «d9R*« UDÝu²� w� WOzUBŠ≈ W�ôœ «– ‚Ëd� œułË ÂbŽ ZzU²M�« dNþ√ UL� e�d� w� …√d*« b�d� W�ËR��Ë ¨5D�K�≠»dF�« X½d²½ô« Æ5D�K�≠Êœ—ô«¨ UOÐdF�« UO�öŽù« 14 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 15 WOÝ«—œ t�UŠ wMOD�KH�« lL²−*« w� ·dA�« WOHKš vKŽ q²I�« …d¼Uþ w�M'«Ë Íb�'« nMF�« U¹U×{ l� qšb²�«

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16 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 17 WOMOD�KH�« UF¹dA²�« w� UN�uIŠ s� …√d*« 5J9 UO�¬

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∫wðQ¹ U� UNL¼√ s�Ë ¨UN�uIŠ vKŽ k�U%Ë …√d*« wL% Ê√ UN½Qý ∫·«b¼_« b{ eOO9 Í√ ¡UG�ù WLzUI�« WOMÞu�« UF¹dA²�« iFÐ q¹bFð º W¹ULŠ w� WOMÞu�« UF¹dA²�« —Ëœ `O{uð v�≈ WÝ«—b�« Ác¼ ·bNð wMOD�KH�« wÝUÝ_« Êu½UI�« ÂUJŠ_ UF¹dA²�« W�¡«u�Ë …√d*« œ«d�√ bŠ√ U¼—U³²ŽSÐ W¹œUB²�ô«Ë WOŽUL²łô«Ë WÝUO��« …√d*« ‚uIŠ Æ…√d*« ‚uI×Ð WIKF²*« WOLOK�ù«Ë WO�Ëb�« UO�UHð_«Ë .uIð rŁ s�Ë ¨W�öF�« «– 5½«uI�« tOKŽ hMð U� V�Š …dÝ_« UN�uIŠ W�U� vKŽ ‰uB(« w� …√d*« 5Fð …b¹bł UF¹dAð sÝ º UNðd¹U��Ë UN�U−�½≈ Èb� d¹bI²� ¨ UF¹dA²�« Ác¼ tOKŽ XBð U� w�Ë ÂUF�« qLF�« w� WOKFH�« W�—UA*« w� UN�U�√ o¹dD�« qN�ðË p�– dŁ√ .uIðË ¨…√d*« b{ eOOL²�« ‰UJý√ lOLł vKŽ ¡UCI�« WO�UHðù ÆUOKF�« W¹œUOI�«Ë W¹—«œù« V�UM*« w�uð WLzö*« WOF¹dA²�« UÝUO��« …—uKÐ w� r¼U�ð UO�u²Ð ÃËd)« w� Æ5D�K� w� …√d*« ‚uIŠ e¹eF²� Session ¨WK�UF�« W�UšËÎ …√d*« ‚uI( WO�U(« 5½«uI�« ’uB½ qOFHð º Ÿ«b¹SÐ ’U)« ŸUDI�« w� qLF�« »U×�√ ÂeKð ULOKFð —«b�≈Ë …—«“uÐ WO½u½UI�« …dz«b�« Èb� …√d*« qLŽ bIŽ s� WOK�√ W��½ ∫UN²O−NM�Ë WÝ«—b�« «¡«dł≈ Êu½U� l� U¼œ«u�Ë U¼œuMÐ ‚UHð≈ Èb� s� b�Q²�«Ë UN²Fł«d* qLF�« wH�u�« ZNM�« UMF³ð« ¨ WÝ«—b�« Ác¼ s� ZzU²½ qC�« oOIײ� bIF�« p�– U¹u²×� sLCð v²ŠË ‰bF�« oOIײ� p�–Ë ¨qLF�« Education UNðU³ł«ËË …√d*« ‚uIŠ l�«Ë vKŽ ¡uC�« jOK�²Ð UML� YOŠ Æ wKOKײ�« Æ …√dLK� qLF�« Êu½U� ’uB½ UNð—d� w²�« WO½u½UI�« W¹UL(« qK)« tłË√ sŽ UM¦×Ð rŁ s�Ë ¨5D�K� w� W¹—U��« UF¹dA²�« w� 5Ð ‚ËdH�« …UŽ«d�Ë ¨W¹eOO9 dOž WO½u½U� W¾OÐ W�UH�Ë W¾ONð º UN�Ušœ« Vł«u�« ö¹bF²�« U½œbŠ rŁ¨ UF¹dA²�« Ác¼ w� —uBI�«Ë ‚uIŠ W¹ULŠ ÊËœ ‰u% w²�« «dG¦�«Ë «u−H�« bÝË ¨5�M'« UNOKŽ h½ w²�« UN�uIŠ cš« s� WOMOD�KH�« …√d*« 5JL²� UNOKŽ …√d*« ÆWO�Ëb�« UO�UHðô«Ë wMOD�KH�« wÝUÝô« Êu½UI�« 5½«uI�« oO³Dð vŽdð …dÝ_« ÊËRý w� WBB�²� r�U×� W�U�≈ º WÝ«—b�« UO�uðË ZzU²½ w� qłd�« n�Fð s� b%Ë …√d*« ‚uIŠ wL% w²�« WLE½_«Ë Ò 5½«uI�« iFÐ w� …√d*« l�«u� WF¹dÝ ¡«dI²Ý≈ WOKLŽ ¡«dł≈ ‰öš s� w� s¹bM²�� W�«uI�« s� …bL²�*« WOŽdA�« t²DKÝ ‰ULF²Ý≈ ‚uI( w½u½UI�« rOEM²�« Ê« WÝ«—b�« dNþ√ ¨5D�K� w� W¹—U��« Æ ¡U×L��« WO�öÝù« WF¹dA�« ÂUJŠ√ vKŽ p�– U2 ¨—uBI�«Ë hIM�« tłË√ s� b¹bF�« tÐ błu¹ 5D�K� w� …√d*« ‚uI(«Ë …√d*« WOK¼QÐ V�UD¹ …dÝ_« ÊËRA� vKŽ√ fK−� ¡UA½≈ º wÝUÝ_« Êu½UI�« w� W�uHJ*« UN�uIŠ s� dO¦� s� UN½U�dŠ v�« Èœ√ ŸU�bK� WOzU�½ WOK¼√ UOFLł qOJAð rŽb¹Ë UN� WOŽdA�«Ë WO½b*« UMMJ1 wF¹dA²�« —uBI�« «c¼ ¡u{ w�Ë ÆWO�Ëb�« oOŁ«u*«Ë UO�UHðô«Ë ÆU¼U¹UC�Ë …√d*« ‚uIŠ sŽ s� w²�« WOłöF�«Ë WOzU�u�« dOЫb²�« s� tÐ ”QÐ ô œbŽ v�≈ q�u²�«

18 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 19 Biographies Can Web-Based Mapping Approaches Enable Biographies Better E-Participation Process? Khitam Shraim, Birzeit University Khitam Shraim, Ph.D W³¼ËØWýuž bL×� ¡UŽœ IFP alumna ÍuÐd²�« V¹—b²K� wMÞu�« bNF*« Background: Aim: Khitam Shraim is an IFP alumna and is IFP W−¹dš a lecturer in Educational Technology at There is increasing international demand to move This paper aims to examine the potential of PPGIS to Birzeit University, Palestine. Previously she XKBŠ ¨‰UHÞ√ WFЗ_ Â√Ë WłËe²� ¨”bI�« w� b�Ë towards Knowledge Information Systems (KIS) to improve PP in educational planning (EP) in Palestine. worked as head of Educational Planning in ¨X¹“dOÐ WF�Uł s� ±πππÂUŽ ¡UOLOJ�« w� ”u¹—u�UJÐ vKŽ advance sustainable development and achieve the the Ministry of Education for 15 years. Her XKLŽ ¨ÍuÐd²�« V¹—b²K� wMÞu�« bNF*« w� WЗb� qLFð UN’s Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Recent Method: research interests focus on the use of ICT for WOÝUÝ_« qŠ«dLK� ÂuKF�« …œU* WLKF� «uŽ√ WO½ULŁ …b* writing has emphasized the importance of the use of appropriate technologies which are both relevant to A case study was carried out in the Qalqilya district development, particularly in the field of e- q�UA*« s� b¹bF�« XHA²�« qLF�« ‰öš s�Ë ¨ W¹u½U¦�«Ë in Palestine, where a User-Centered Design (UCD) learning. More recently, she won the award their context and appropriated by the citizens using ‚dÞË WOÝ«—b�« Z¼UM*UÐ oKF²¹ ULO� WOLOKF²�« WLE½_« w� approach was employed to identify requirements for, for the best paper at the 3rd Annual Forum them (WSIS, 2003). It is widely believed that web- œU½ «c� ¨rOKF²�« vKŽ 5LzUI�« ’U�ý_«Ë UN�¹—bð and responses to, a PPGIS prototype for improving PP on E-learning Excellence in the Middle East. based interactive mapping applications that utilize s� ÊuJð Ê√ œ«—√ ¨rKF²�«Ë rOKF²�« …œuł 5�% …—ËdCÐ in EP in Palestine. Khitam holds a PhD from the University of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Internet, vKŽ XKBŠ ≤∞∞µÂUŽ w� ¨ wKF²�« w� qC�ú� dOOG²�« …œU� Manchester, UK (IFP Scholarship). Her thesis such as Public Participation Geographic Information w� X¹“dOÐ WF�Uł w� WOF�U'« UN²Ý«—œ ‰UL�ù œ—u� W×M� centered on a web-based mapping approach Systems (PPGIS), have the potential to enable further Findings: for e-participation in Educational Planning. f¹—bð VO�UÝ√ w� dO²�łU� vKŽ XKBŠ YOŠ ¨WOÐd²�« participation and enhance public knowledge through The findings have shown that the driving force in She holds a BSc in Computer Science, an MBA w� UOłu�uMJ²�« dŁ√ WÝ«—œ vKŽ e�dð ¨≤∞∞π ÂUŽ ÂuKF�« spatial empowerment (Craig et al., 2002; Sieber, 2004; determining which specific tools are the best fit should in Finance from The University of Jordan, «œuŽËÎ ÂbI¹ »uKÝ√ w� Y׳�« —U²šU� ¨rKF²�«Ë rOKF²�« Elwood, 2006). The ongoing conflict in Palestine has be the characteristics of their intended users, and other Amman, and a Higher Diploma in Educational UM¼ s� ¨w½Ëd²J�ô« rKF²�« u¼Ë rKF²�«Ë rOKF²�« 5�ײ� a negative effect on the demand, supply and quality issues relevant to the context of the participation Planning from The International Institute for UO½Ëd²J�«Î rŽb� ÃUNM* Uł–u/Î ÂbI²� WŠËdÞ_« …dJ� ¡Uł of both primary and secondary education. PPGIS is process. Thus, PPGIS is a demand-driven approach Educational Planning (IIEP), UNESCO, Paris. ÆWHK²�� V½«uł s� ÂuKF�« rKFðË rOKFð vKŽ ÁdŁ√ ”—bðË likely to be a demand-driven approach to improve PP, allowing Palestinian citizens to visualize relevant rather than technology-driven, and is relevant to the information in the educational planning (EP) process educational planning context. It meets the needs of in an effective and interactive manner. It can also serve the unique situation in Palestine, where there is great U�dÐ œU¹“ Æœ as a communication platform for exploring knowledge, potential to enable and empower the public through expressing opinions and discussing educational issues map-based interface methods, if properly designed „—UA� –U²Ý√ to improve the equity, quality and accessibility of and implemented. vKŽ XKBŠ Æ ÂdJ�uÞ ¨ ÊuBG�« d¹œ s�¨ U�dÐ œU¹“ Æœ schools to meet the challenge of the EFA initiative. ÆWO½œ—ô« WF�U'« s� fH½ rKŽ – ”u¹—u�UJÐ …œUNý Therefore, exploring PPGIS is a significant contribution Conclusion: fHM�« rKŽ w� …«—u²�b�«Ë dO²�łU*« …œUNý vKŽ XKBŠË to the educational planning field, in which recent The results of the study indicated if PPGIS applications WIDM� Ø WŠu²H*« ”bI�« WF�Uł w� qLFð Æ ÍuÐd²�« literature has indicated a lack of awareness. are to be successfully implemented, the emphasis X�d²ý«Ë Y×Ð 5FЗ« s� d¦�« dA½ ÆWOLOKF²�« ÂdJ�uÞ should be on participation as a process rather than as ·«dý«Ë WA�UM� ÆWOK;«Ë WOÐdF�« «d9R*« «dAF�« w� a tool. UF�U'« w� dO²�łU� W�UÝ— s¹dAŽ s� d¦�« vKŽ ÆWOMOD�KH�« 20 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 21 The Role of Adopting the E-Enabled Approach Partisanship among Young People in Chemistry Teaching and Learning in the Universities of North Palestine

Dua’ Mohammad Ghosheh-Wahbeh Dr. Zeiad Barakat

Aim: was administered to both groups before and after Aim: to be especially high at Al Quds Open University, implementing the e-enabled unit. Finally, a focus group Palestine Polytechnic University, and An-Najah The current study aimed at discovering the role This study aimed to identify the level of partisanship was put together which included chemistry teachers, National University. of adopting the e-enabled approach in chemistry among young people in the universities in the north academic supervisors and education specialists, and learning, in addition to providing a comprehensive of Palestine; Al Quds Open University in Tulkarem, 3. No statistically significant differences were found aimed at obtaining qualitative data to reveal the model in designing, developing, delivering and An-Najah National University in Nablus, and Palestine in the level of partisanship among students of strengths and weaknesses of the e-enabled curriculum evaluating e-enabled curricula. Polytechnic University (Khadouri) in Tulkarem. This was universities in the north of Palestine in relation to developed. examined in light of the variables of sex, the university the variables of sex, housing, students’ academic attended, housing, students’ academic year, and year, or academic achievement. Method: Results: academic achievement. A questionnaire was used to A computerized version (e-curriculum) of the measure partisanship among a sample of 283 students The e-enabled approach had a significantly positive Conclusion: Chemical Reactions unit in the ninth grade Palestinian chosen to to reflect the spread of these variables. effect on the students’ performance in the Chemical Authority science textbook was developed by the In light of these findings the researcher proposed a Reactions unit. researchers (a multimedia team under the supervision number of recommendations. Foremost among them is Results: of an educational expert). Two groups of ninth- The positive effect of the e-enabled approach was the need to from a unified student body in Palestinian grade students from two different public schools on the performance of students at all levels and in The study showed the following results: universities working on organizing national events and were assigned the chapter to learn. One was taught all types of questions. supporting students. This would aim to reduce the level 1. The overall average level of partisanship among using the experimental e-enabled curriculum while of partisanship, putting the emphasis on promoting The e-enabled approach had a significantly positive members of the study reached an average of (3, 0 the other, the control group, was taught using the the principle of moral education and values of effect on the students’ attitudes towards chemistry. 5). A similar level of partisanship was found among traditional approach. A pre-test and three post-tests tolerance among students. A second recommendation the average category of students at Al Quds Open were developed and administered to the students in Students were interested in the e-enabled is to hold youth meetings of different party affiliations University and Palestine Polytechnic University, both groups to assess their level in chemistry before approach due to advantages such as its flexibility in order to build a strategy of constructive dialogue. while the average was lower among An-Najah and after the unit was taught to them using the two and enjoyability. However, disadvantages of this National University students. different approaches. Six in-depth interviews were approach included technical problems experienced also conducted to obtain qualitative data on what the by some students. 2. There were significant differences in levels of students liked and disliked, and the the advantages Moreover, the qualitative analysis of the data collected partisanship among students at universities in the and disadvantages of the e-enabled approach in from the focus group revealed the most important north of Palestine depending on the University at chemistry teaching from the students’ perspectives. A strengths and weakness of the developed e-enabled which the student was enrolled, and this was found further questionnaire on attitudes towards chemistry curricula in the presentation of content.

22 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 23 Session Health

24 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 25 BBiographiesiographies Asma Imam, PhD Heila Tabakhna, M.Sc Sumaya Sayej, RN, MSN, PhD Muna Ahmead, Ph.D Asma Imam is an Assistant Professor of Health IFP alumna Sumaya Sayej holds master’s degree in nursing IFP alumna Management and the dean of the faculty of Public An experienced nutritionist based in Ramallah, Heila sciences from the Catholic University in Washington Health at Al-Quds University, Jerusalem. She Muna Ahmead is an IFP alumna and an Tabakhna received her master's degree in Public DC, and anPhD in Public Health and Health Education/ received her PhD at De Montfort University in assistant professor at the Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition in 2007 from the High Institute Promotion from De Montfort University in Leicester, Leicester, England. She is also a coordinator of Health/Community Mental Health master’s of Public Health at the University of Alexandria, Egypt England. She is currently working as an Assistant the Mentoring Program and a member of the program at Al-Quds University, Jerusalem. with support from an IFP Scholarship. She is a lecturer Professor at Al-Quds University, Jerusalem, and is Effective Teaching Center at Al-Quds. Throughout She received a PhD in Mental Health from at Birzeit University in the Nutrition and Dietetics Coordinator of Higher Studies at the faculty of Health the past 10 years she has worked on several health the University of Manchester, UK, and a Department and works as a nutrition consultant and Profession. She is a specialist in child health and health and quality improvement projects in Palestine master’s degree from the Hebrew University, dietitian at her private clinic in Ramallah. She formerly education/promotion, as well as a community activist and conducted several health management Jerusalem. Currently she is following a worked as a clinical nutritionist at the Diabetes Center and a board member of various civil organizations in training workshops for physicians and healthcare two-year cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) at Augusta Victoria Hospital, Jerusalem, in addition to the West Bank. At the same time, she is a trainer and professionals. During her professional life she has course at Haddassha Hospital in Jerusalem. her involvement in many voluntary community and research consultant for various local and international been promoted to several management positions, This course includes both clinical and media activities. In 1994, she received her bachelor's organizations on child and adolescent health, sexual as a former nursing director and a coordinator of theoretical treatment approaches for degree in Nursing from Bethlehem University and and reproductive health, and gender issues. She has nursing graduate programs. patients with mental health and psychosocial subsequently worked as a registered nurse in many written many training manuals for the promotion of problems. She also works as a coordinator different Palestinian hospitals. She later decided on health education at community level. of Ford Foundation IFP alumni in Palestine. Rawan Awwad, MSc a career change and began working in nutrition, Her research interests are in identifying becoming an experienced nutritionist. Her lifelong Rawan Awwad is a board certified genetic perceptions of mental illness, evaluating the mission is to bring people the latest news on health, counselor who currently works at Hadassah Ahmad Fathi Hamarsheh, MSc effectiveness of psychotherapy treatment for Medical Center, Ein Karem, as a prenatal and nutrition, food, and diet, presenting this information in Born in Ya’bad, Jenien, in May 1968, Ahmad Fathi different mental and psychosocial problems, pediatric genetic counselor. She consults with an easy-to-follow, real-world style. Hamarsheh graduated from the Arab College of and studying the role of culture in shaping couples and families who are either affected by, Medical Professions in 1990 as a radio technologist. professional and public attitudes toward or at risk of being affected by, a genetic condition. In 2002, he graduated from Al-Quds University, honor killing and mental illness. She provides support, explaining to service users Jerusalem, with a degree in Medical Imaging with recurrence risks and other complex genetic the highest GPA of around 90%. For 20 years he information. She also participates in genetic worked in the radiology department of Al-Makassed research and educational programs, and hopes Hospital, the biggest referral hospital in Palestine. to spread these much-needed services inside the He received a master’s degree in Public Health from West Bank and Gaza. Rawan was born in Jerusalem Al-Quds University in 2009 where he undertook his and raised in Ramallah. In 2006 she was awarded thesis project on radiation hazard awareness among an MSc in Genetic Counseling from the University Palestinian physicians, believed to be the first of its of Minnesota, Minneapolis, after receiving her type in Palestine. first MSc in 2001 in Genome Science from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. 26 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 27 The Needs of Palestinian Elderly Women Obesity among Females of Reproductive and their Physical and Mental Health Age in the West Bank, Palestine

Dr. Asma Imam, Al-Quds University Heila Tabakhna, Ezzat K. Amine, Magda Ramadan, Lina El-Khairy

Aim: had paid work (75%). Only 16.2% evaluated their own Background: with age, especially after the age of 30 years (OR= economic status as being good, while the majority 6.92, 95% CI= 3.31-14.44). A highly significant pattern The purpose of this study was to assess the health- Recent srudies have indicated an increased prevalence had a moderate or poor economic status and only of increased risk of obesity was seen in females related quality of life (HRQoL) of elderly women in the of obesity among Palestinians. The general aim of our West Bank, in order to provide the basis for setting 17.9% benefited from social security.The majority had with obese parents (OR= 2.85, 95%CI= 1.58-5.5.15). study was to determine the prevalence of obesity policies to address the growing needs of elderly cardiovascular problems (58.7%). Performing bivariate In addition, obesity was significantly higher among analysis, it was found that the physical health of the among females of reproductive age in the West women and to maintain their quality of life. women who were married, illiterate or had a low participants aged 65-69 was better than those aged Bank, Palestine, and to identify the different factors level of education, and those who were living in large 70 and older (0.001%). However, the participants aged that contribute to its occurrence. The field study was families. Other factors associated with a higher risk of Methods: 70 years and above had better mental health than conducted from January to May 2006. obesity were; the presence of chronic diseases in the Qualitative and quantitative methods were used. those aged 65-69 (0.001%). Literate women had better family, especially among mothers (OR= 2.94, 95%CI= Fifty elderly women aged 65 years and over were physical health than illiterate, while, illiterate women 2.07-4.19), certain medications taken by females (OR= interviewed using open-ended questions. At the same had better mental health (0.001%). The results showed Methods: time a cross-sectional survey of 402 elderly women was that elderly women who participated in social activities 2.89, 95%CI= 2.03-4.11), the number of pregnancies conducted using the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). had better physical and mental health than those who A cross sectional study was carried out at health and deliveries (OR= 3.29, 95%CI= 1.49-7.25, OR= 8.93, A thematic analysis approach guided by the objective did not have social activities (0.001%). The widowed care centers in three districts of the West Bank, 95%CI= 3.71-21.50 respectively) and low levels of and key questions of this study was used for interviews women had more physical health problems than Palestine. Non-pregnant and non-lactating females of physical activity (OR= 2.85, 95%CI= 1.57-5.17). analysis. Bivariate statistical tests were performed to others but they enjoyed a better mental health status reproductive age (15-49 years) attending these health assess the relationship between characteristics of (p 0.001). The economic status of the elderly women care centers constituted the target population of the elderly women, their physical/mental health and their had positive influence on their physical health 0.001%). study. A total of 1000 females were interviewed and Conclusions: The elderly women who also benefited from social social interactions. anthropometric measurements were taken. Obesity security enjoyed better physical health (p=0.05) Obesity is prevalent among females of reproductive was defined as a body mass index �30 kg/m2. age in the West Bank. Our data indicates that Findings: both biological and lifestyle factors are important Conclusions: Analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that most determinants of obesity in this population. Factors such Results: participants suffered from more than one physical The results suggest the need for change in health as physical activity, diet and illiteracy are important care provision, health care policy and health/medical disease. The majority of respondents maintained good The prevalence of obesity among females of modifiable factors which should be targeted in future education in the Palestinian Territories in order to social relationships with family members, relatives and reproductive age was 26.7%. Obesity was correlated interventions to control the problem of obesity in this meet the health needs of elderly women. The present neighbors. However, they also reported being unhappy age group. and unsatisfied in their lives.The main negative physical health status of elderly women in this study feelings revealed by participants can be divided into indicates the importance of outreach programs. three categories; depressive symptoms, anxiety- Engagements in social activities have positively related, and loss of control and autonomy. The results influenced the physical and mental health of elderly of quantitative data analysis showed that the majority women. Therefore, social activity programs should be of participants were widowed (56.7%), illiterate (60%), established and encouraged, for example trips, and the covered by health insurance (72%), and had never sharing of personal experiences both with each other and with younger generations.

28 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 29 Baseline Survey on Safe and Unsafe Abortion in Selected The Attitudes of Mental Health Professionals Toward Mentally Ill Refugee Camps in the West Bank Patients & Mental Illness in an Inpatient Setting in Palestine

Sumaya Sayej, PhD, Al-Quds University, Jerusalem Muna K. Ahmead, Ph.D - Ahmad A. Rahhal, D.D.S, Ph.D - John A.Baker, Ph.D

Aim: where 16% of the surveyed women and 84% of their Background: Results: This baseline survey has utilized a descriptive husbands were employed. It is important to note that around one third of these women live within extended Culture plays a vital role in shaping public and The majority of the respondents were nurses and the exploratory approach to address sexual and health professional attitudes toward mental illness. response rate was high. The participants expressed reproductive health issues, particularly safe and unsafe families where family ties are culturally very strong. In In Arab cultures negative attitudes toward patients both negative and positive attitudes toward patients abortion, and to identify the health and social services this situation, women’s decisions regarding SRH issues, experiencing mental illnesses is common. However, in inpatients mental health settings. However, results provided for women of reproductive age (15-49) living including family planning methods and the number in West Bank refugee camps. pregnancies, are controlled by either their husbands, there is a lack of studies that investigate the attitudes revealed more negative than positive attitudes, extended families or others, as reported by the of mental health professionals toward patients in particularly in relation to alcohol abuse, medication, women surveyed. 54.5% of women knew of abortion inpatient mental health settings. patients’ ability to control their emotions, and genetic Methods: among others and 40% of the study participants had predisposition to mental disorders. Through random selection of households in 12 experienced abortion. Around 10% of the participants camps, 333 married women participated, completing knew of women who had sought abortion from Aim: a questionnaire to identify their socio-demographic traditional Dayas and 16% had sought themselves to Conclusions: characteristics and to assess their knowledge of and induce abortion, meaning around 26% of abortion To assess the attitudes of mental health professionals attitudes toward sexual and reproductive health practices are unsafe. Striking evidence was found of toward patients with mental illnesses in the only This paper provides baseline data about the attitudes issues, including barriers to accessibility and use of women subjecting themselves to voluntary trauma, psychiatric hospital in Palestine. of mental health professionals toward patients family planning methods, abortion incidence and its which raises the issue of the need for awareness experiencing mental illnesses. According to the consequences, as well as to identify the services they regarding the consequences of such practices. UNRWA findings of the current study, education and direct utilized. To assess the health and social services offered emphasizes health education and awareness programs Methods: contact with mentally ill patients may not be enough as some of its most important primary health care to these women, qualitative in-depth discussion to foster positive attitudes towards them. This may activities on SRH issues. These include the use, benefits A survey was undertaken using the Attitudes Toward interviews were conducted with 10 UNRWA health indicate the need to revise educational curricula at the and risks of FP methods and breast feeding practices, Acute Mental Health Scale (ATAMHS-33). The survey providers and 13 community center leaders offering faculties of health sciences at Palestinian universities, services to these women within their communities. and supporting gender equality through the provision was distributed to mental health professionals as well as providing more training workshops and of equal opportunities for boys and girls to access basic including nurses, psychiatrists, social workers, short courses for mental health professionals to health services. The community center strategies do psychologists, and occupational therapists at the change these attitudes. Findings: not deal with the issue of abortion, as their activities only psychiatric hospital in Bethlehem city. Data Despite the fact that the survey identified an are directed more toward social and cultural issues was managed and analyzed using SPSS, a Statistical than toward health. acceptable level of education among the women Package for the Social Sciences. and their husbands, the figures obtained showed that there was a high rate of early marriage, frequent Conclusion: pregnancies, and large number of children coupled with low financial resources. 31% of women were The study concluded the necessity for governmental married between 13-17 years, 12% were pregnant bodies and NGOs to address safe and unsafe abortion between 10 and 16 times during their married life, and as a public health concern in order to meet women’s 6% had given birth to between 10 and 14 children. The SRH needs, especially regarding gender equality and average income of these families was 1599 NIS/month, decisions made on these matters.

30 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 31 Palestinians’ Perceptions of Prenatal Genetic Counseling Services: Assessment of Radiological Examination Hazard Awareness An Exploratory Study of the Influence of Culture on Decision-Making among Palestinian Physicians at Al-Makassed Hospital and Ramallah Governmental Hospital

Rawan Awwad - Patricia McCarthy Veach - Dianne Bartels - Bonnie S. LeRoy Ahmad Fathi Hamarsheh MPA - Muna Ahmead, Ph.D - Adnan Al-Laham, PhD The University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA Aim: received a radiation protection course during their questions that assessed five major issues: undergraduate study or in the workplace. Only 6.1% Background: The current study is designed to assess the awareness of the respondents were able to identify the ALARA Genetic counseling is a health care profession that 1- How does family history of an inherited condition of radiation doses and of possible risks associated with principle, even though this principle comprises the deals with the communication of medical genetic influence pre-marital decisions? the carrying out of radiological examinations among core of the radiation protection philosophy regarding information to patients who are either affected with, or 2- How do Palestinians perceive non-directive genetic Palestinian physicians. the minimization of radiation doses from radiological are at risk of being affected with, a genetic condition. counselor statements regarding options? examinations. Also, the vast majority of respondents It is known that the cultural and religious backgrounds 3- What role does gender play in prenatal decisions? (98.2%) did not know that patients have no established of patients seeking genetic counseling services can Method: 4- Are there gender differences in emotional safe dose limit according to ICRP recommendations. profoundly influence their decision-making processes expression regarding prenatal decisions? A cross-sectional design was utilized to achieve this In addition, only 5.3% of participants were able to and outcomes. Until this day, genetic counseling purpose. The data for the research was gathered identify the chest X-ray equivalent of an effective services have not been implemented as part of the 5- What roles do family and society play in prenatal using a self-reported questionnaire distributed by the dose resulting from a routine lumbar spine X-ray health care system in Palestine. decisions? researcher to 167 physicians working at Al-Makassed examination, a barium enema, and an abdominal and Hospital in East Jerusalem and Ramallah Governmental pelvic CT scan. On average, about 20% of respondents Aim: Findings: Hospital in the West Bank. A total of 163 questionnaires knew the relative radio-sensitivity of five specified The present qualitative study investigated cultural Similarities in native Palestinian and Palestinian were returned, making for a very high final response body organs-the lungs, stomach, gonads, bladder and elements that impact decision-making by Arabs, using American responses are reported (e.g., both rate of 97.6%. Statistical analysis was performed using kidneys-in relation to each other. Palestinians as a model population. Although several populations tend to involve their nuclear family the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). mental health researchers have assessed cultural and members in prenatal decisions), and we will argue religious elements of the Arab culture in order to that similarities are due to common cultural roots. Conclusion: Differences in their responses are also reported (e.g., in Findings: inform culturally sensitive interventions, their results These results clearly indicate the need for greater arranged marriage situations, native Palestinians, but are not specific to genetic counseling. The results of the current study reveal that, in efforts to educate physicians about the potential not Palestinian Americans, are more likely to end the general, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the hazards associated with the use of radiological relationship if a family history of an inherited condition radiation hazards associated with the performance of examinations. This in turn may help reduce the Method: was present), and we will argue that differences are radiological examinations, and this level of knowledge exposure of Palestinian patients to the potentially Accordingly, in this study, 17 native Palestinians due to acculturation. is even lower than those reported in literature from harmful effects of ionizing radiation produced by living in the Palestinian territories and 14 Palestinian other studies. Only one-third of the physicians had unnecessary radiological examinations. Americans born and raised in the U.S. participated Conclusion: in semi-structured interviews. They were asked to imagine themselves as patients in hypothetical Genetic counseling practice recommendations that premarital and prenatal situations and to respond to include consideration of both culture and acculturation are required

32 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 33 Session Human Rights

34 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 35 The Right of Housing in Hebron Old City between the Biographies Occupation Reality & the Protection Strategies Biographies ¢W¹UL(« UO−Oð«d²Ý«Ë ‰ö²Šô« l�«Ë 5Ð qOK)« s� W1bI�« …bK³�« w� sJ��UÐ o(«” Ê«bLŠ bL×� Muneer Karama, PhD Ê«bLŠ bL×� Muneer Karama holds a PhD in Education .bI�« …bK³�«Ø qOK)« —ULŽ≈ WM' w� w�U×� ∫ZzU²M�« ∫WO�U²�« ·«b¼_« oOI% WO¦×³�« W�—u�« ‰ËU% ≠∫·«b¼_« in the field of Mathematics. He taught w� ”u¹—u�UJ³�« …œUNý vKŽ q�UŠ ¨ ôUł XOÐ WM¹b� bO�«u� s� mathematics for over 15 years at various ∫WO�U²�« ZzU²M�« WÝ«—b�« dNþ√ o(«Ë qOK)« s� W1bI�« …bK³�« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ l�«Ë ÷dŽ º WM' w� UO�U×� qLF¹ ¨ ≤∞∞≥ Ø≤∞∞≤ ÂUŽ ”bI�« WF�Uł s� Êu½UI�« UNRWA schools, working for over ten years —«dL²Ý«Ë ÊUDO²Ýô« œułË ¡u{ w� ’Uš qJAÐ rzö*« sJ��UÐ as a school supervisor. He also has more than ‚uIŠ sŽ l�«b�Ë jýU½ ¨ WM¹b*« s� W1bI�« …bK³�«Ø qOK)« —ULŽ≈ lzU�Ë ÷d�Ë ¨WIDMLK� wKOz«dÝù« ‰ö²Šù« UDKÝ ·«bN²Ý≈ …bK³�« qš«œ wK;« lL²−*« UŽUD� Èb� w½u½UI�« wŽu�« WK� º nine years’ experience as part-time lecturer ‚uIŠ U¹UCIÐ d{U×�Ë WK²;« WOMOD�KH�« w{«—_« w� ÊU�½ù« Æ w�Ëb�« Êu½UIK� WH�U�� at Hebron Polytechnic University. He has WOMF*« …bײ*« 3_« …eNł√ Ë UN� WO�Ëb�« W¹UL(« UO�¬ Ë ÊU�½ù« w�Ëb�« Êu½UI�« w� UNOKŽ ’uBM*« WO½U�½ù« rN�uI×Ð W1bI�« W¹UL( w�Ëb�« —UÞùUÐ ¨W�Uš ¨5O�uI(« W�UI¦�«Ë wŽu�« …œU¹“ º published more than 16 research papers lL²−*« WOLMðË WOÞ«dI1b�« e�d� w� Í—UA²Ý≈ fK−� uCŽ ¨ p�cÐ ÆWKB�« «– WO�Ëb�« UO�UHðô«Ë WO�Ëb�« WOŽdA�«Ë w½U�½ù« W¹UL(« UO�«Ë ’uB)« tłË vKŽ sJ��UÐ o(«Ë ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ in international journals and sits on the w�Ëb�«Ë wK;« Èu²�*« vKŽ U�—UA�Ë WOKLŽ »—U& t� ¨ ”bI�« w� ©W¹b�UF²�« dOžË W¹b�UF²�«® WO�Ëb�« W¹UL(« UO�¬ ‰ULŽ≈ ÂbŽ º Æ ‚uI(« pKð sŽ ŸU�bK� UN�ULŽ≈ sJL*« WO�Ëb�« editorial board of the Mathematics Journal, WÐU�d�«Ë ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ sŽ ŸU�b�«Ë w�uI(« qLF�« d¹uDð VO�UÝQÐ d¹—UI²�«Ë ÈËUJA�« .bIð W�Uš WM¹b*« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ W¹UL( published in the US. By way of professional wMOD�KH�« VFA�« ‚uIŠ ULOÝ ô ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ U¹UCI� …d�UM*«Ë W�Uš ¨WB²�*« WO2_« UN−K� sJ��« ‚uIŠ U�UN²½UÐ WIKF²*« Èu²�*« vKŽ sJ��UÐ o(« W¹UL( WO½u½U� UO−Oð«d²Ý« l{Ë º development, Karama has participated in pK²1 ¨ ’uB)« tłË vKŽ qOK)« WM¹b� wMÞ«u�Ë ‰ö²Šô« X% W�U)« U¹ôu�« »U×�√ ‰öš s� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ fK−� Æ w�Ëb�«Ë wK;« many scientific conferences on issues such as Èu²�*« vKŽ UN²¹ULŠ UO�«Ë ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ U¹UCIÐ WOKLŽ «d³š ÆW¹b�UF²�« ÊU−K�«Ë supervision, quality assurance, human rights ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ fK−� U�Kł w� W�—UA*« ‰öš s� W³�²J� w�Ëb�« ∫WO−NM*« and ICT. Ë ≤∞∞∏ w�UŽ 5Ð «d�¹uÝØnOMł w� Èdš_« W¹b�UF²�« ÊU−K�«Ë Æ≤∞±∞ ∫W�ö)« WIKF²*« WÝ«—b�« WKJA� ÷dFð YO×Ш WNł s� WOH�Ë WO−NM*« w� WOKOz«dÝù« U�UN²½ô« WNł«u* 5²O−Oð«d²Ý≈ o�Ë qLF�« …—Ëd{ s� qOK)« WM¹b� s� W1bI�« …bK³�« w� sJ��« ‚uIŠ U�UN²½UÐ ∫qOK)« s� “d³ð WK�UýË WOF�«Ë W¹ƒdÐ ¨ ‚uI×K� w�Ëb�« Êu½UI�« —uEM� …eF�« œuL×� wK³ý s� WOKOK% WO−NM� w¼Ë ¨ „UM¼ rzUI�« l{u�« WIOIŠ UN�öš wMOD�KH�« sÞ«u*« œuL� rŽœ qLAð ≠∫ WOMÞË WO−Oð«d²Ý≈ º W¹UL( WO�Ëb�« UO�ü« s� WŽuL−� WÝ«—b�« lCð YOŠ Èdš√ WNł „—UA*« ÍuÐd²�« fHM�« rKŽ –U²Ý√ V½«u'« vKŽ eO�d²�«Ë WMJL*« wŠ«uM�« W�UJÐ W1bI�« …bK³�« w� qLF�« UO�¬ `O{uðË UNKOKײРÂuIðË Y׳�« l{u� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ UO{U¹d�« …œU* UÝ—b� qLŽ ¨W¹uÐd²�« …—«œô« w� …«—u²�b�« …œUNý qL×¹ UJK²L*« vKŽ ÿUH(«Ë sÞ«u*« XO³¦²�¨ W¹—ËdC�« WOðUO(« ¨WO½U�½ù« ‚uI(« sŽ ŸU�b�«Ë WÐU�d�UÐ WOMF*« WO�Ëb�« UN'«Ë UNÐ ÈbŠô «d¹b� Êô« qLF¹Ë ¨r( XOÐ WE�U×� ”—«b� s� b¹bF�« w� Æ W�UF�«Ë W�U)« WOMOD�KH�« w½u½UI�« wŽu�« rOLF²� W�ËU×� w� p�–Ë sJ��UÐ o(« UNO� U0 Íd¹b* UЗb� qLŽ ¨ «uMÝ dAŽ cM� r( XOÐ WE�U×� ”—«b� w�uI(« qLF�« qOFHð ‰öš s� p�–Ë ≠∫ WO½u½U� WO−Oð«d²Ý≈ º …dz«œ lOÝuðË UO�ü« pKð ‰ULŽ≈Ë W�bN²�*« U¾H�« lOL' w�Ëb�« WF�Uł w� UÝ—b� qLŽ ¨s¹d¹b*« d¹uD²� Íe�d*« o¹dH�« sL{ ”—«b*« ‚uI( wKOz«dÝù« ‰ö²Šô« U�UN²½« “«dÐù ¨w�Ëb�« Èu²�*« vKŽ WKJA� qŠ w� r¼U�¹ U0 wMOD�KH�« lL²−*« qš«œ UN�«b�²Ý≈ W¹b� ¨W¹uÐd²�« œ«u*« iFÐ f¹—bð w� ©w�U{≈ qLŽ® UÝ—b� r( XOÐ 3_UÐ WOMF*« UN'« l{ËË UNIOŁuðË W1bI�« …bK³�« w� sJ��« Æ Y׳�« s� b¹bF�« w� „—Uý ¨W¹uÐd²�« UÝ«—b�«Ë ÀU×Ðô« s� b¹bF�« ô r�UF�« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ W¹ULŠ w� UNðUO�ËR�� ÂU�√ …bײ*« oŠË Êu¾łö�« ∫UNL¼√ s� WOLKŽË WO¦×Ð ‚«—ËQÐ WOLKF�« «d9R*« ÆWK²;« WOMOD�KH�« w{«—_« w� ULOÝ À«d²�« ¨WOÝ—b*« V²J�« w� ”bI�« W½UJ� ¨WOÝ—b*« V²J�« w� …œuF�« ¨WOMOD�KH�« WÝ—b*«Ë nMF�«¨WOÝ—b*« V²J�« w� wMOD�KH�« w³FA�« V²� w� W³ðd�« w�UŽ dOJH²�« ÆWOÝ—b*« V²J�« w� `�U�²�« W�UIŁË ÆlÝU²�« nBK� ”œU��« s� ÂuKF�«

36 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 37 Enrichment Material for Incorporating Human Rights in Mathematics for 7th Graders ÊU�½ô« ‚uIŠË WOMOD�KH�« Z¼UM*« lÐU��« nBK� UO{U¹d�« f¹—bð w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� ÃU�œ≈ v�≈ ·bNð WOz«dŁ≈ WDA½√ r( XOÐ ØrOKF²�«Ë WOÐd²�« W¹d¹b� ¨…eF�« œuL×� wK³ýÆœ t�d� e¹eF�« b³Ž q¹d³ł dOM� —u²�b�« w¼ ¨UÐU²� ©∑∂ ®5F³ÝË W²�� öOK%Î WÝ«—b�« XMLCð ÆdAŽ w½U¦�« ∫W�bI� ZzU²M�« ·«b¼_« ¨©±±® U¼œbŽË WOMÞu�« WOÐd²�«Ë ¨©≥±® U¼œbŽË WOÐdF�« WGK�« V²� UNłË s� wLÝd�« W�Ëb�« n�u� sŽ t¹u% U�Ë WOÝ—b*« V²J�« d³FðÒ ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� Z�œ ‰uŠ UO{U¹d�« wLKF* ÍœUý—≈ qO�œ º ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� rOKFð ‰uŠ WOz«dŁ≈ WDA½√ ÃU²½≈Ë œ«bŽ≈ º UO�«dG'«Ë ¨©π®U¼œbŽË a¹—U²�«Ë ¨©±≥®U¼œbŽË WO½b*« WOÐd²�«Ë WOŽUL²łô«Ë WOÝUO��«Ë WO�öš_«Ë WOMÞu�« qzU�*« ‰uŠ U¼dE½ ÆlÐU��« nBK� UŽuL−*« …bŠË w� UO{U¹d�« w� ¨ UŽuL−*« …bŠË w� lÐU��« nBK� UO{U¹d�« …œU� Èu²×� w� V²� ¡UM¦²Ý« -Ë Æ©≥® U¼œbŽË …d�UF*« U¹UCI�« V²�Ë ¨©π®U¼œbŽË UNO� —U³²šô«Ë UNEHŠË UNð¡«dIÐ ÂeK� V�UD�U� tOKŽË ¨WO�UI¦�«Ë UNÐ p�L²�«Ë ‚uI(« ÁcNÐ W³KD�« Ë 5LKF*« wŽË l�d� p�–Ë WO�eM*«Ë WOMI²�« ÂuKF�«Ë UOłu�uMJ²�«Ë W×B�«Ë UO{U¹d�«Ë ÂuKF�« ÆtM¼– w� UNÝdG� V²J�« pKð vF�ð w²�« rOI�«Ë U¼U&ôUÐ ÂeK�Ë Æ UNK¦9Ë ∫5ÐuKÝ_« 5Ð WÝ«—b�« Xłe� ÆWO×O�*«Ë WO�öÝù« WOÐd²�« V²�Ë aOÝd²� wMOD�KH�« lL²−*« WłUŠ s� WÝ«—b�« WKJA� l³Mð UO�u²�« WOL� vKŽ wLJ�« »uKÝ_« e�— YOŠ ÆZzU²M�« qOK% w� wHOJ�«Ë wLJ�« ¨WOMÞu�« WOÐd²�« ¨WO�öÝù« WOÐd²�« ¨WOÐdF�« WGK�«®œ«u*« 5Ð jÐd�« º ôU−*« lOLł w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠË WOŽUL²łô« W�«bF�« rO¼UH� rO¼UH� ÃU�œù WOz«dŁ≈ WDA½_ «—uBð s� t{dŽ - U� ¡u{ w� dO³F²�«Ë WOÞ«dI1b�«Ë ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠË rO¼UH� sŽ …œ—«u�« U�uKF*« s� Èdš√ WNł s� UO{U¹d�« 5ÐË WNł s� ©WOŽUL²łô« WOÐd²�« ¨WO�UI¦�« ¨WOŽUL²łô« ¨W¹œUB²�ô« ¨WOÝUO��« ® WOMOD�KH�« WOðUO(« ∫WOðü« UO�u²�« Õ«d²�« sJ1 ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ vKŽ wÝUÝ√ qJAÐ e�d� wHOJ�« qOKײ�« U�√ÆWOL�— …—uBÐ UNMŽ ÆÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� ‰öš Æ©W¹uÐd²�«Ë ÆWOÝ—b*« V²J�« Èu²×� qOK% ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH* WOz«dŁ≈ qLŽ ‚«—Ë√ .uIð Ë cOHMðË œ«bŽ≈ º rO¼UH� ÃU�œ≈ WOHO� ‰uŠ UO{U¹d�« wKLF* ÍœUý—≈ qO�œ ÃU²½≈ º Æw{U¹d�« Èu²;« ‰öš s� Æ UO{U¹d�« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ ∫·«b¼_« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ ÃU�œ≈ WOHO� vKŽ 5LKF*« V¹—bð ŸËdA� wM³ð º ∫WÝ«—b�« ZzU²½ UNLO¼UH� b�—Ë WOMOD�KH�« Z¼UM*« vKŽ ·dF²�« v�≈ WÝ«—b�« XFÝ Æ UO{U¹d�« WÝ«—b�« UNOKŽ X¹dł« w²�«Ë W�b�²�*« WOÝ—b*« V²J�« œbŽ mKÐ WI¹dD�« UN½Qý s� w²�« UHO�ËÎ UL�Î WOÞ«dI1b�«Ë ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ U×KDB* ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� vKŽ W¹u²×� WK¦�√ w{U¹d�« Èu²;« 5LCð º XKGýË ÆW×H� ©∏∞≥∞® UNðU×H� œbŽ mKÐË ¨UOÝ—b� UÐU²� ©∑∂® qþ w�Ë ¨wMÞËË w½b� v×M� w� V�UD�« WOKIŽ qI� vKŽ qLF�« ÆWMJ2 W�d� Í√ w� p�–Ë ¨ÊU�½ù« UŽuL−*« …bŠu� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ w� WOz«dŁ≈ WDA½_ UMOŽ œ«bŽ≈ º ©∂∏≤®ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠË WMÞ«u*«Ë WOÞ«dI1b�« rO¼UH*UÐ WIKF²*« …œU*« Æw�UI¦�«Ë ÍœUB²�ô« wŽUL²łô« wÝUO��« UN�UEMÐ WOÞ«dI1œ W�Ëœ ÆYŠU³�« q³� s� lÐU��« nB�« w� œbŽË UO�UŽ UL� qJA𠜫bŽ_« Ác¼Ë Æ• ∏[µ XKJý W³�MÐ W×H� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� Z�œ WOHO� ‰uŠ WÝ«—b�« s� b¹e*« ¡«dł≈ º ÊU�½ù« ‚uI×Ð W¹uÐd²�« …UO(« W�öFÐ sLJð WÝ«—b�« WOL¼√Ë wLKF� s� WŽuL−� vKŽ WIÐU��« WOz«dŁù« WDA½_« l¹“uð º XIKFð …dýU³*« ’uBM�« s� b¹bF�« V²J�« XMLCð Æ…dO¦� U×H� Æw{U¹d�« Èu²;« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ ÂuIð ö� WIOŁË WO�œU³²Ð ÊU²�“ö²� UL¼—U³²ŽUÐ UEŠö*« qO−�ðË ¨ UNOKŽ ŸöÞö� qOK)« WIDM� w� UO{U¹d�« WLK� œ—u�Ë ÊU�½ô« ‚uIŠË WOÞ«dI1b�« rO¼UH*«Ë U×KDB*UÐ vKŽ w{U¹d�« Èu²;« w� ÊU�½ù« ‚uIŠ rO¼UH� Z�œ dŁ√ WÝ«—œ º ÂUE½ qþ w� ô« UN�«b¼√ WOÐd²�« oI% ôË WOÐd²�UÐ ô« WOÞ«dI1b�«Ë ÆqLF�« Wý—Ë w� 5LKF*« V¹—b²� UÝUÝ√ U¼œUL²Ž«Ë ¨W¹d¹uD²�« …—u� ©¥≤ ®Ë UB½ ©π∞®¨…dýU³*« ’uBM�«Ë ¨…d� ©±∞µ® WOÞ«dI1b�« ÆUN²Ý—U2Ë UNK¦9Ë UNÐU�²�« w� W³KD�« …—b� ÆwÞ«dI1œ dŠ bI� ÊU�½ô« ‚uI×Ð WIKF²*« WDA½_«Ë WK¾Ý_UÐ oKF²¹ ULO�ËÆWLÝ—Ë ‰uŠ dE½ WNłË vKŽ ‚UHðô«Ë UEŠö*« WA�UM* qLŽ Wý—Ë bIŽ º Æw²OÐË w³²J� ◊UA½ © µ∞® Ë ‰«RÝ ©≤∑∞®U¼œbŽ mKÐ Æ UEŠö*« ∫UN²O−NM�Ë WÝ«—b�« «¡«dł≈ Æ qLF�« Wý—Ë w� WDA½_« s� b¹e*« ÃU²½≈Ë œ«bŽ≈ º …—«“Ë UNðbŽ√ w²�« ·uHB�« W�UJ� WOÝ—b*« V²J�« lOLł `�� - v²Š ‰Ë_« nB�« s� UN�«b�²Ý« -Ë WOMOD�KH�« rOKF²�«Ë WOÐd²�«

38 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 39 Session Environment

40 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 41 Biographies Socioeconomic and Environmental Factors and Consequences Biographies of Land Degradation in Central Palestine Ahmad Abu Hammad, Department of Geography, Birzeit University Ahmad Abu Hammad, PhD ©FAO® WŠd� uÐ√ bL×� qBO� Ê«“uÝ IFP alumnus XKBŠ ¨Â±π∑∏Ø≥ر± w� ÊU½uO�«ØpO½u�UÝ bO�«u� s� Introduction: perceptions, land ownership, and its geomorphology Ahmad Abu Hammad, Associate Professor 5Mł WÝ—b� s� wLKF�« ŸdH�« w� W¹u½U¦�« wðœUNý vKŽ were significantly related to the farmers’incentives Land degradation by soil erosion is a socioeconomic of Environmental Degradation at Birzeit YOŠ X¹“dOÐ WF�U−Ð XIײ�« rŁ ¨Â±ππ∂ ÂUŽ W¹u½U¦�« and willingness to adopt terraces as soil conservation and environmental problem facing many developing University in Palestine, received his BSc and measures (P < 0.05), although the correlations were ¨Â≤∞∞± ÂUŽ W¹—ULF� WÝbMNL� WÝbMN�« WOK� s� Xłd�ð countries. Application of soil moisture conservation MSc at the University of Jordan in 1990 and ŸËdA� w� XKLŽ UL� WOÝbMN�« VðU*« s� œbŽ w� XKLŽ negative. In addition, poverty was among the most 1993 respectively. He earned his PhD at the is vital to reducing the environmental impacts of this WOLM²�« bNF0 XIײ�« ¨Â≤∞∞¥ ÂUŽ rO�*« —ULŽ« …œUŽ« influential driving forces behind land degradation, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (UMB) in phenomenon. XKB×� ¨Â≤∞∞∂ ÂUŽ f¹œ uÐ√Ø”bI�« WF�U−Ð W�«b²�*« where most of the samples indicated improper Oslo, Norway, in 2004 with support from an IFP land practices (i.e. overgrazing, collection of natural W¹dA³�« œ—«u*« WOLMðË U�ÝR*« ¡UMÐ w� dO²�łU*« vKŽ scholarship. For his PhD thesis, he studied land plants for commercial use, etc.) due to farmers’ poor WŽ«—e�«Ë W¹cž_« WLEM� l� UO�UŠ qLŽ√ ¨Â≤∞∞π ÂUŽ Aim: degradation due to natural factors (climatic economic status. Smallholder farmers (52% of the FAO and geomorphologic factors, with the ŸËdA� w� …—UA²�L� ¨© ® …bײ*« 3ú� WFÐU²�« The objective of the experiment was to study the interviewed farmers) were also involved in the sale of consequent related geomorphologic changes ÆWOLM²�«Ë W�UI¦�« socioeconomic impacts of soil erosion on local farmers the agricultural land for urban uses, largely because of due to surface runoff and erosion), as well as and their adoption of soil moisture conservation the high prices and immediate returns offered. anthropogenic factors (economic, social, and methods (i.e. stonewall terrace technique). traditional inheritance-related factors) in the Central Palestinian mountain area. He joined Conclusion: Birzeit University, the first national Palestinian Method: Problems associated with land use changes warrant university, in 2005. He taught the Geography A field plot experiment was conducted in the greater involvement of both the private and public of Palestine, Applied Environmental study area along with the use of a closed-ended sectors to provide proper solutions. This cooperation Geography, Physical Geography, Regional Wael Awadallah, MSc questionnaire. may be accomplished through the introduction Planning, Quantitative Geography, and Natural An expert in the fields of water and of a long-term agricultural loan system and the Resources Management at the Department wastewater, Wael Awadallah holds an development of proper legislation, accompanied by a of Geography at Birzeit. He is involved in MSc in Environmental Engineering from Findings: comprehensive and durable infrastructure and service continuing the tradition of extended field the IHE Institute for Water Education in system with the goal of reducing the negative impact excursions all over Palestine for students and The study showed a higher net profit in areas that the Netherlands. He has worked with the of land use changes and encouraging the sustainable faculty to bring together the physical, cultural had implemented conservation practices than in Palestinian Hydrology Group (PHG) for 11 use of resources. and historical features of the landscape. years where he develops and manages water areas that had not (i.e., 3.5 to 6 times higher net and wastewater projects. He has participated profit). Correlation analysis indicated that farmers’ in several international conferences and published 10 papers in peer-reviewed journals and conferences as well as co-operating in the publishing of two books.

42 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 43 Quantifying Pollution Indicators for the Water of the Shallow Wells Along Towards the Institutionalization of Agricultural Revitalization Interventions Wadi Abu Al-Qamra (Dura, Hebron, Palestine) in Palestine using the Agricultural Projects Information System (APIS) ©5D�K�≠qOK)«≠«—Ëœ® ÁdLI�« uЫ Íœ«Ë lOÐUMO� ÁUO*« ÀuKð «dýR� ”UO� ©APIS® WOŽ«—e�« l¹—UA*« U�uKF� ÂUE½ «b�²ÝUÐ wMOD�KH�« wŽ«—e�« ŸUDI�« ¡UOŠ≈ œuNł W�ÝQ� u×½

WAEL AWADALLAH* - MONTHER SWAITI** - EMJAHED AL-SHOBAKI** - JAMAL SARAHEEN** Susan Abu Farha

Aim: wells is estimated to be more than 100,000m3/year. Aims: geographic regions of the north and south of the In this study, we used chloride (Cl-) and Nitrate (NO3- This study discusses in detail the springs and shallow The study aimed at investigating agricultural West Bank and Jordan Valley, and even between ) as the main water quality indicators, linking their wells of Wadi Abu al-Qamra, an area located to the interventions and projects in the West Bank through different governorates. With regard to the priorities concentration with land use patterns and verifying the south of Dura City in the south-western part of the working institutions in the agricultural sector. Its of the agricultural sector in the West Bank, the water pollution source type. Hebron District. The study used chloride and nitrate purpose was to identify sub-agricultural sectors and resources sector is the first priority, followed by farmers’ measurements for different springs or wells to assess marginal areas by comparing development priorities orientation and capacity building, infrastructure, job creation and production, irrigation, plants, and finally the effects of pollution and to ascertain whether its Findings: with the projects implemented, from the perspective source is agricultural or residential. of the institutions concerned. Furthermore, the study the home gardens sector. Coordination between The GIS mapping showed spatial classification of addressed the main obstacles facing effective and institutions is instrumental in providing for the the springs and shallow wells, water quality classes efficient coordination between relevant stakeholders development needs of the agricultural sub-sectors. (according to NO3 and Cl levels), and acceptable/ Methods: as well as mechanisms for improvement. It also sheds This is necessary in order to avoid duplication of work non acceptable water for drinking. Based on our The GIS mapping of the study area included discharge, light on the procedural mechanisms of the Agricultural or the neglect of some regions or sectors. The study water quality results, we observed nitrate values of water use, location, catchment boundary and Projects Information System in order to use it as a tool showed that the competitive relationship between 212.8±129(mg/l) (average – standard deviation). The topography, and a digitized aerial photo of the wadi. to coordinate and share information for the benefit of civil society institutions in obtaining projects, and the nitrate values vary from 0.5 to 431.0 mg/l for the wells/ It included mapping and classifying water quality data the agricultural sector. ineffective coordination between public and civil using various criteria. The GIS mapping showed that springs. This large range of nitrate value reflects the society institutions, are the biggest stumbling blocks most of the springs and shallow wells are located in variations of the factors affecting water quality, which in the coordination process. A periodic meeting of all the northwestern part of the wadi catchment. Exposed vary along and across the wadi. Chloride values for the Methods: parties, with role division and demonstration, is the springs exist at low topographic levels and at the wells/springs were 98.1±54.2 mg/l and fell within the The research design followed the descriptive approach. key to building confidence and extending bridges middle of the catchment, with elevations approaching range 8.4 to 248.7 mg/l. It was clear that nitrate levels The methods of data collection ranged from direct of communication in order to encourage effective lower values over the wadi’s longitudinal section. were more affected by land use changes than chloride observation of agricultural workers through workshop coordination. levels. The electrical conductivity and TDS of the water The wadi upstream is located at the northwestern participation and the formation of expert focus groups, area of the wadi, while the wadi downstream is at the from different wells/springs had values of 890.9 ± 705.9 to the use of indirect observation and interviews. µs/cm and 770.2 ± 325.1 mg/l respectively . Conclusion: southeastern part, reflecting the wadi flow direction. The study clearly demonstrated that irrigation is The Agricultural Projects Information System has Results: proved to be an effective tool in raising the efficiency the dominant water use. Although the water is Conclusion: used for other purposes such as drinking, they are The results of the analysis of agricultural projects and effectiveness of coordination between the various The GIS mapping revealed that the most polluted wells of minor importance. Both the wadi path itself and carried out and entered into the Agricultural agricultural sector institutions, facilitating the sharing are those at the wadi upstream and close to residential the surrounding areas constitute the main irrigated Projects Information System during 2007 indicate of information relating to the agricultural sector and areas. Sewage and fertilizers (as well as manure) are arable land in Dura area and are used for vegetable that the distribution of projects varies between the various local and international institutions working the main pollution sources. A new management production, thus sustaining the food security of the different agricultural sub-sectors and the different in it. plan for water quality and quantity in this wadi is area. The discharge of springs and shallow wells, recommended. expressed as 4 classes in the GIS mapping, is mostly within the range of 1-5 and 5-10 m3/d. Few springs and wells exceeded a discharge value of 15 m3/d. The * Palestinian Hydrology Group overall discharge of the wadi’s springs and shallow ** Palestine Polytechnic University

44 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 45 GAZA Presenters

46 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 47 BBiographiesiographies

Dr. Ismail Saleh El Farra Dr. Atif Massad Tawfiq Hassan Al Halaq Sami Mikdad IFP alumnus IFP alumnus IFP alumnus IFP alumnus Dr. Ismail Saleh El Farra is an Associate Dr. Atif Massad has been a lecturer and Tawfiq Hassan Al Halaq is a lecturer at the Sami Mikdad is the Vice Chairman of the Professor of Curricula and Pedagogical researcher at the Islamic University of Gaza English Section of the Business Administration Research and Studies Department at the Techniques at Al Quds Open University in since 2008. He earned a Doctorate degree in Department at Al-Azhar University. He earned Ministry of Finance. He earned a Masters Khan Younis. He has participated in several Medical Science from the UK through an IFP a Masters Degree in Public Administration Degree in Business Administration from conferences and seminars in Palestine and scholarship. He has published several articles from the University of Jordan, through an the Islamic University of Gaza through an abroad. El Farra has supervised graduate (PhD in various journals. In addition, Massad has IFP scholarship, where he graduated with IFP scholarship and a Bachelors Degree in and masters) students. He has published been working as a medical analyst consultant distinction. Tawfiq wishes to further advance Economics from the University of Wahran in several studies and research papers in for the Ministry of Health in Gaza since 1995. his studies by pursuing a PhD in Public Algeria. He is also the Vice Chairman of the scientific journals. He is also a member of Administration, where he hopes to bridge Center for Human Resources Development in several scientific and educational associations. the gap between theory and practice. He the Gaza Strip. In addition, Mikdad has been believes that a PhD will enable him to fulfill an active trainer at numerous associations. his passion of having a presence in academia Furthermore, he has published studies by continuing his research and building the and research on the Palestinian and Israeli future leaders of Palestine. economy at various newspapers, journals and online magazines. Shaaban Ahmad Al Mobaied IFP alumnus Shaaban Ahmad Al Mobaied is currently working as a lawyer in a private office at the Nusseirat Camp. He earned an LL.M. Degree and a Bachelors Degree in Law from Al Azhar University through an IFP scholarship. He received his license to practice law in 2001. In addition to his current job, Al Mobaied is the Office Manager of the Supreme Judicial Council.

48 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 49 The Absence of Scientific Research Health Status in the Occupied Palestinian Territories in Palestinian Universities

Dr. Ismail Saleh El-Farra, Al-Quds Open University, Khan Younis Dr. Atef A Masad, Department of Biological Sciences, Islamic University Gaza

Higher Education occupies a significant element in the Palestinian culture.The spread of the Palestinian higher The Palestinian health sector in the occupied Palestinian territories witnessed a small period of development during education culture is due to various reasons including social, economic and political factors related to occupation. the mid-1990s, after which the socioeconomic and living conditions started to deteriorate, from the second Intifada, The Palestinian higher education sector is composed of institutions that provide academic and training programs to the siege imposed on the Gaza Strip in 2006 after Hamas’ victory in the parliamentary elections, and ending following the Tawjihy –equivalent of high school-. In the academic year of 2007-2008, fifty higher education with the War on Gaza in 2008. Following these events, unprecedented levels of Palestinian unemployment, poverty institutions reported that the number of enrolled students in Humanities, Social Sciences and Arts programs and increased restrictions on health-care access were reported. An escalation of the humanitarian crisis took place amounted to 136,169 students constituting 75% of students enrolled in higher education. The percentage of students during the Israeli War on Gaza Strip featuring the destruction of infrastructure, the death and injury of hundreds of studying in other disciplines such as sciences was 10%, scientific health was 6% and engineering was 6%.This paper Palestinians, and shortages of staple food, fuel and medicine. In order to describe the health status in the Gaza Strip, argues that scientific research suffers from many obstacles and difficulties at Palestinian universities resulting in its this paper employs, in addition to the conventional indicators of health assessment such as infant mortality, other absence. This study seeks to identify the obstacles to scientific research at Palestinian universities by first conducting subjective measures based on people’s experiences and perceptions of their health status and quality of life. It further a literature review on scientific research in Palestine and Arab States. Following that, the paper attempts to answer the calls for urgent action from international and local decision makers to provide sustainable access to high-quality following questions: what is the nature of higher education in Palestine and what is the nature of scientific research care and basic health entitlements. Finally, the paper considers the implications of the findings for the protection and at Palestinian universities? By answering the above questions the author unveils the obstacles hindering scientific promotion of the health of the Palestinian population. research at Palestinian universities, and concludes the paper by offering recommendations on how to address the absence of scientific research in Palestinian universities.

50 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 51 The Effects of Israeli Occupation on The Impact of the Israeli Siege People with Disabilities in the Gaza Strip and War on the Gaza Strip’s Economy

Shaban Al-Mobiad Sami Mikdad

The Israeli authorities neglected the health, social, and economic services during their occupation of the Gaza Strip, Gaza Strip’s economy is on the brink of collapse. The economic condition in the Gaza Strip has further deteriorated which has lasted for over twenty-seven years. The Israeli authorities did not seek to improve or develop any services following the Israeli War on Gaza that took place on the 27th of December 2008 and lasted for twenty-two days. The provided to the inhabitants of the Strip, including people with disabilities. It was after the establishment of the Israeli war on Gaza constituted a severe blow to the Gaza Strip’s ailing economy, which has been suffering from an Palestinian Authority (PA) in May 1994, that various services sectors were developed. The PA took practical steps imposed siege by Israel following Hamas’ landslide victory of the parliamentary elections in 2006. Due to the Israeli towards improving the conditions and the realization of the rights of persons with disabilities by passing positive siege and blockade, the Gaza strip has been transformed into an open-air prison where the economy is incurring discriminatory laws guaranteeing and protecting their rights. Some of these laws included the right to a decent life, losses worth billions of dollars. The inhabitants of the Gaza Strip have been living in dire economic conditions as a the right to participate in decision making, civil rights, the rights to participate in cultural, sports, social and healthcare result of the imposed siege and closure of borders. The situation is expected to worsen following the completion of activities, and the right to rehabilitation and employment. the construction of the Egyptian Wall along the borders of the southern Gaza Strip. The implementation of these laws was hindered due to Israeli Occupation measures enforced during the second All hopes are now pinned on the reconciliation that took place at the Sharm El Sheikh Conference in 2009 between Intifada, the siege of and War on Gaza, where indiscriminate war crimes were committed against civilians, leading to the two dominant Palestinian factions, Fatah and Hamas, since it is the key to reopening the border crossings, and the an increase in the number of disabled people and hindering any possibility of improving their conditions. Several delivery of the pledged funds from the international donor community - 4.5 billion dollars to reconstruct and rebuild reports published by the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights highlighted the measures committed by the Israeli Gaza and the Gazan economy. Only after lifting the siege and allowing aid into the Gaza Strip, will the Strip witness Occupation during the War on Gaza that led to the death of a large number of people with disabilities, caused economic recovery. permanent disabilities to hundreds, and reported the bombing of institutions belonging to people with disabilities.

52 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 53 The Impact of Small Projects Challenges and Needs of IFP Alumni in Alleviating Poverty in the Gaza Strip in the Gaza Strip- Palestine

Fawzi Aby Jazar Tawfiq Al Halaq

The Gaza Strip suffers from being the most densely populated area in the world. This in effect has created one of the This study aims at identifying challenges and needs facing the Ford Foundation International Fellowships Program’s biggest poverty phenomena in the region. This paper aims to scrutinize the poverty phenomenon in the Gaza Strip (IFP) Alumni in the Gaza Strip. The main findings of the study include: the importance of establishing a venue for by shedding light on the different aspects and characteristics of poverty in Gaza, and highlighting the long-term the IFP Alumni community in the Gaza Strip to be funded by IFP, providing guidance and assistance to IFP Alumni plans of poverty alleviation in the Gaza Strip. The paper argues that poverty is another form of social discrimination, who wish to further advance their studies after having obtained their Masters Degree, offering English language inequality and injustice that leads to the spread of disease and illiteracy, affecting both groups and individuals. training, professional training and development, leadership skills trainings, and preparation courses for internationally The paper will discuss the definition of poverty, its causes and effects, and will then determine the different social recognized tests such as the TOEFL, GRE and the GMAT. Furthermore, the study suggests granting financial support segments of the society suffering from dire living conditions such as children and youth. In conclusion, the paper to the selected IFP fellows. In addition, the study highlights the importance of coordinating with the IFP fellows’ will identify projects and plans that aim to alleviate poverty. The study highlights the characteristics and impact of employers in order to ensure their return to their jobs upon the completion of their studies, and facilitating small projects in alleviating poverty. It further emphasizes the importance of providing small projects through social communication between the IFP Alumni in the Gaza Strip and the rest of the world. institutions enjoying freedom and democracy, and prioritizing the operation of small projects in rural areas.

54 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 55 Palestine IFP Fellows & Alumni

56 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 57 Cohort 2002 Cohort 2003 Michigan State Drama and Movement Central School of ABDELKAREEM, HASAN Ph.D. Education USA BARGOUTHI, IMAN PETRA SHAFIQ Master’s UK University Therapy Speech & Drama Agricultural University ABU HAMMAD, AHMED Ph.D. Soil and Water Science Norway ASMAR, IMAD TAWFEEK Master’s Critical Care University of Jordan Jordan of Norway Arabic/English University of HARBID, AKRAM Master’s University of Salford UK AHMEAD, MUNA Ph.D. Psychology UK Translation & Interpreting Manchester Islamic University of University of ABU-HASHEM, MOHAMMED KHALIL Master’s Education Palestine KHETAM, SHRAIM Ph.D. Information Systems UK Gaza Manchester Environmental Antioch New England Arab Academy for SAAD, AYED Master’s USA ABU JAZAR, FAWZI Master’s Banking Banking & Financial Jordan Conservation Graduate School Services MADMOUJ, RAYA Master’s Psychology University of Jordan Jordan Islamic University of ABU SHATAT, SAMIR Master’s Education Curriculum Palestine Gaza Environmental Science MANASSRA, IMAIR M I Master’s Clark University USA and Policy ABURISH, RIFA MUSTAFA Master’s Gender, Law & Dev’t Birzeit University Palestine Development of Work KHRAWESH, ABDEL NASER JABR Master’s University of Jordan Jordan Force AL-HISSI, JEHAD ISMAIL Ph.D. Public Health Cairo University Egypt TAHA, SAMIA Master’s Psychology University of Jordan Jordan AL-TAJI, DALAL Master’s Social Anthropology University of Edinburgh UK Al-Azhar University of AL MOBAYED, SHABAAN A Master’s Law Palestine University of Gaza ALTAWIL, MOHAMED ALI Ph.D. Clinical Psychology UK Hertfordshire BAROUD, MAHMOUD NAEIF Master’s Arab & Islamic Studies University of Exeter Australia ALAJARMA, YOUSEF Ph.D. Art Therapy Lesley University USA Business Islamic University of AL NAFAR, HUSAM NAEEM Master’s Palestine Modern Arabic Administration Gaza AL-SHARAFA, WALEED Ph.D. University of Jordan Jordan Language & Literature Business SEYAM, BACKER R. Master’s University of Jordan Jordan Administration SHARIF, RAED M S Ph.D. Information Transfer Syracuse University USA Business Islamic University of AMMAR, TAGHREED Master’s Palestine Al-Azhar University of Administration Gaza JABR, WESAM Master’s Arabic Language Palestine Gaza AL HALLAQ, TAWFIQ HASAN Master’s Public Administration University of Jordan Jordan Social Science and MELHIM, MOHAMMED SAID Master’s University of Jordan Jordan Humanities Interpreting & BASHIR, YOUSEF KHALIL Master’s University of Leeds UK Environmental Translating Studies MUSTAFAZYOUD, NIZAR Ph.D. Oregon State University USA Engineering Business Islamic University of MOKDAD, SAMI MOHAMMAD Master’s Palestine Advanced Nursing University of Administration Gaza SWEITY, SAMAHER Master’s UK Practice Nottingham Environmental MASAD, ATEF ARAFAT Master’s Lancaster University UK Biotechnology TABAKHANA, HEILA YOUSEF Master’s Nutrition Alexandria University Egypt Mental Health/ Islamic University of WAFI, LAILA Master’s Palestine Psychology Gaza

58 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 59 Cohort 2004 Cohort 2005 Technology University of East ABULEIL, NIVEEN ABDALLAH Master’s Speech Therapy University of Jordan Jordan HASSOUNA, MOHAMMED BASSAM Master’s UK Management London Democracy & Human Jordan University of ABUZAHER, NADIA IBRAHIM Master’s Birzeit University Palestine JABER, RANA RASMI Master’s Civil Engineering Jordan Rights Science & Technology University College Journalism & Mass American University in AL AREER, REFAAT R. Master’s Comparative Literature UK ALJAMAL, MOUSA MM Master’s Egypt London Communication Cairo Community University of Illinois at University of ARAJ, TAHREER A H Ph.D. USA EL MASRY, TAGREED Master’s TESOL UK Development Urbana-Champaign Manchester Business Islamic University of ALQADI, ROWAIDA A A Master’s Public Health Tulane University USA EL-LOUH, ADEL MANSOUR Master’s Palestine Administration Gaza Architectural Al-Azhar University of EL ESSY, MAYSARA ASAAD Master’s University of Jordan Jordan HAMATUO, EMAD YAACOUB Ph.D. Islamic Studies Egypt Engineering Gaza BARGHOUTHI, JENAN M.A. Master’s Health University of Pittsburgh USA EL HAJ AHMED, MOHAMMED Ph.D. Translation University of Salford UK

EL-DAHODI, KAMAL MOTLAG Master’s Public Health Al-Quds University Gaza Palestine SHWAIKH, JIHAD A Ph.D. Education University of London UK An-Najah National DAMIRI, BASMA R H Master’s Toxicology Clemson University USA TAHA, RANIA MOHAMMED Master’s Architecture Palestine University Educational & Psych. University of AL-TITI, ABDALLAH HASHIM Master’s Al-Quds University Gaza Palestine AL SHARIF, SAUHAD Ph.D. Middle Eastern Studies UK Counseling Manchester Business Islamic University of University of Newcastle EWEIDAH, EHAB AHMED Master’s Palestine ABU BAHA, OSAMA MAH Master’s Applied Linguistics UK Administration Gaza upon Tyne SALHI, WALID MARZOUQ Human Resource University of JUDA, HASSAN Ph.D. Management University of Exeter UK Master’s UK MOHAMMED Development Manchester Biology & Methods of Teaching University of Newcastle WAHEB, DUA MOHAMAD Master’s Birzeit University Palestine KHARRAZ, LUBNA Ph.D. Pathogenicity of UK Science upon Tyne Salmonella Construction University of HAMAYEL, AYAH ADNAN Master’s UK Management Birmingham SHAHEEN, AMIRA ALI Ph.D. Environmental Health University of London UK HEEH, SAMI ALI Master’s TESOL University of Brighton UK University of JABER, MOHAMMED Master’s Fine Art UK Southampton Electronic & Computer University of HANANI, ABUALSOUD AHMAD Master’s UK Engineering Birmingham

60 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 61 Cohort 2006 Cohort 2007 Business DAYA, WAEL HAMDI Ph.D. Management Research University of Bradford UK ABU GHALI, SAMER ABDELHAMEED Master’s University of Jordan Jordan Administration University of Cities Design and London Metropolitan ELJAISH, SAMAH ISMAIL Master’s TESOL UK ABUWARDA, ABEER M H Master’s UK Birmingham Urban Culture University QESHTA, YAMEN S.A. Master’s Public Health Tulane University USA MOHD AL AZZAZZI, HALA Master’s Software Engineering University of York UK Business Environmental University of Hawaii, SAKALLAH, SALWA M Master’s University of Jordan Jordan ALBOJI, ISLAM Master’s USA Administration Engineering Manoa Urban & Regional University of Hawaii, Print and Media ABU JABAL, NASSAR A.N. Master’s USA ABDALLAH, ABDALRAHIM K. A. Master’s Emerson College USA Planning Manoa Journalism Digital Media Michigan State Water Engineering & ALADAM, YASER A.M. Master’s USA ABU RAYYAN, MAHMOUN MUSBAH Master’s Birzeit University Palestine Technology University Environment Musicology & Music Universidad Autonoma Water Engineering and AL DEEK, HABIB HMIDAN Master’s Spain ALHOUSANI, MOURAD MAJED Master’s Birzeit University Palestine Education de Barcelona Environment Educational International Liaison University of ALI, KHADRA IBRAHIM Master’s Al-Quds University Gaza Palestine ALNATSHA, MANAR AM Master’s UK Administration and Communication Westminster Electronic & Computer Al-Quds University FARJALLAH, MOUSA MOHAMMED Master’s Palestine AWWAD, SUAD GHAT Master’s Comparative Literature University of London UK Engineering PALESTINE Public Communication University of FOQAHAA, ERAB Master’s UK FATHIYA, FATIMA YOUSEF Master’s Sociology Birzeit University Palestine & Public Relations Westminster General Clinical Al-Quds University University of Hawaii, AZERQ, EMAN AZMI SALEH Master’s Palestine HANANI, WAHIB A. A. Master’s Computer Science USA Nursing PALESTINE Manoa Environmental An-Najah National KANAN, AMER Ph.D. Clemson University USA HUSSEIN, FATIMA MOHAMMED Master’s Public Health Palestine Engineering University AL-RAMAHI KHATIB, ROWA JAMAL Ph.D. Clinical Pharmacy Universiti Sains Malaysia Malaysia SHEJAEYA, GHADA ABDEL FATTAH Master’s Speech Therapy University of Jordan Jordan Fine Art: Fine Art by University of YASSIN, INASS HAMAD AHMAD Master’s UK Project Southampton

62 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 63 Cohort 2008 Universidad Autonoma HJAILA, KIFAH M.H. Master’s Environmental Studies Spain HOROUB, BASHAR IBRAHIM University of de Barcelona Master’s Fine Art UK MOHAMMED Southampton ABU THURAYA, EMAN MOHAMMED Architectural Master’s University of Jordan Jordan Sustainable Int’l MAJDI Engineering JABER, SAMER B. A. Master’s Brandeis University USA Development Educational KHALAF, ABDELBASET MOHAMMAD Contemporary Arab Master’s Birzeit University Palestine AL MUGHRABI, TAYSIR ABDULLAH Ph.D. Psychology - Learning University of Jordan Jordan YOUSEF Studies and Develop University of SHAWEESH, IMAN AHMAD Ph.D. Nursing UK RAED, AHMED ABU EL HAJ Master’s Public Health Al-Quds University Gaza Palestine Manchester TANBOUZ, MAHER MOHAMMAD Ph.D. Sharia University of Jordan Jordan AAMAR, MERVAT SADEQ Master’s Modern Arab Studies Birzeit University Palestine University of Poverty and University of TARAYRA, AHLAM HAROUN Master’s Development Studies UK ABBASI, HAYA MOHAMMAD JAWAD Master’s UK Manchester Development Manchester Curriculum and ABDELATIF, AHMED HUSSEIN Master’s Public Health Al-Quds University Gaza Palestine ABU RUB, IMAD OMAR Ph.D. University of Jordan Jordan Teaching Educational HABASH, FAWZI MOHAMMAD Master’s Special Education University of Jordan Jordan JOMA, AMJAD EZZAT Ph.D. Psychology - Learning University of Jordan Jordan and Develop Agriculture ASSAD, MOHAMMED ALI Master’s University of Jordan Jordan Arabic Language & Biotechnology MAHMOUD, MAHMOUD MOUSA Ph.D. University of Jordan Jordan Nursing, Midwifery and University of Literature ALKHATIB, SALAM Ph.D. UK Social Work Manchester BUZIA, AIDA ABDELAZZIZ Ph.D. Education Cairo University Egypt Curriculum and MUSTAFA, SALAHEDDIN HASSAN Ph.D. Ain Shams University Egypt Methods of Teaching

64 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 65 Cohort 2009 Human Rights and HUDAYDOUN, KEFAYA ALI Master’s University of Jordan Jordan MUA’ID, MASOUD FELLOW -ELECT Human Development

ABAIYAT, AWAD FELLOW -ELECT QUT, MAYSA FELLOW -ELECT

ABU SBIH, KHOLUD FELLOW -ELECT SAMAH, NAJIB FELLOW -ELECT

ALMAGHALSEH, MAHER FELLOW -ELECT ABU AL-KAS, TAHANI FELLOW -ELECT

AL-ATAWNEH, NEZAR FELLOW -ELECT ABU AL-AWAR, AMRO FELLOW -ELECT

ASMAR, OHOUD FELLOW -ELECT GHANNAM, REEM FELLOW -ELECT

AWAYSA, IBRAHIM FELLOW -ELECT ISMAIL, EMAN FELLOW -ELECT

DANDIS, SUHA FELLOW -ELECT ABU HASHEM, MOHAMMED FELLOW -ELECT

DIAB, SHURUQ FELLOW -ELECT ABU SHAQFAH, MOHAMMED FELLOW -ELECT

ISMAIL, MOHAMMAD FELLOW -ELECT HAMAD, HEBA FELLOW -ELECT

KARAKRA, NIMEH FELLOW -ELECT DALOUL, AHMED FELLOW -ELECT

66 Together for a Better Future Together for a Better Future 67