Class 6-1.Cdr

Rulers of India

Read these interesting facts about the rulers of India and fill in the blanks. MAURYA EMPIRE Originating from Magadha (modern Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bengal) this was the largest Indian empire in its time, which was ruled by the Mauryan dynasty from 322 to 185 BC. The first ruler was (1) ………………….…… and (2) ………………….…… was his advisor. His grandson (3) ………………….…… renounced war and violence after his conquest of Kalinga, present day Odisha. He is also known as (4) ………………….…… and was one of the most successful and famous monarchs of India. MARATHA EMPIRE The Maratha empire or Maratha confederacy was founded by Chhatrapati Shivaji Raje Bhonsle, and the empire covered much of South Asia between the years 1674 to 1818. In an attempt to manage the large empire, Madhavrao Peshwa gave semi-autonomy to his

Marathas strongest knights, who came to be Bombay known as (5) ………………….…… of Baroda, Holkars of Madras Arabian Bay of (6) ………………….……, Shindes of Sea Bengal Colombo (7) ………………….…… and Ujjain, and

(8) ………………….…… of Nagpur. 1 DELHI SULTANATE The Delhi Sultanate basically refers to the Muslim rulers who ruled India Our Languages through Delhi. It covered five short lived kingdoms of Turkish origin. These were : The official language of Indian Union is Hindi, with English as an additional (9) ………………….…… (1206-1290) language for official work. However, each state has its own official language. (10) ………………….…… (1290-1320) A. Match the state given in column A with its official language given in (11) ………………….…… (1320-1413) column B. (12) ………………….…… (1414-1451) Column A Column B (13) ………………….…… (1451-1526) 1. Andhra Pradesh a. Konkani 2. Assam b. Kannada The first Sultan was Qutub-ud-Din-Aibak. The Delhi Sultanate was later included into the emerging Mughal Empire. 3. Bihar c. Tamil 4. Goa d. Nepali MUGHAL EMPIRE 5. Gujarat e. Hindi The Mughal Empire was established in 6. Karnataka f. Mizo 1526 by Zahir-ud-Din Mohammad 7. Maharashtra g. Bengali Babur. The classic period of the 8. Tamil Nadu h. Telugu Mughals began with the rule of 9. Sikkim i. Gujarati Jalal-ud-din Mohammad Akbar, 10. West Bengal j. Oriya successor of Humayun. 11. Punjab k. Assamese (14) ………………….……, son of Akbar 12. Mizoram l. Malayalam ruled from 1605-1627 and was 13. Jammu and Kashmir m. Marathi succeeded by Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan 14. Odisha n. Urdu commissioned the famous 15. Kerala o. Punjabi (15) ………………….…… for his wife B. W rite any one official language of the Union Territories of India given below. (16) ………………….…… . Shah Jahan was 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2. Chandigarh succeeded by (17) ………………….……, who was probably the richest and ……………………….. ……………………….. the most powerful man alive at that time. The empire gradually declined 3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli 4. Daman and Diu after the death of Aurangzeb in Find out ……………………….. ……………………….. 5. Delhi 6. Lakshadweep 7. Puducherry 1707. About other rulers and dynasties of India. Also find out how the British Raj started. ……………………….. ……………………….. ………………………..

2 3 DELHI SULTANATE The Delhi Sultanate basically refers to the Muslim rulers who ruled India Our Languages through Delhi. It covered five short lived kingdoms of Turkish origin. These were : The official language of Indian Union is Hindi, with English as an additional (9) ………………….…… (1206-1290) language for official work. However, each state has its own official language. (10) ………………….…… (1290-1320) A. Match the state given in column A with its official language given in (11) ………………….…… (1320-1413) c o l u m n B . (12) ………………….…… (1414-1451) Column A Column B (13) ………………….…… (1451-1526) 1. Andhra Pradesh a. Konkani 2. Assam b. Kannada The first Sultan was Qutub-ud-Din-Aibak. The Delhi Sultanate was later included into the emerging Mughal Empire. 3. Bihar c. Tamil 4. Goa d. Nepali MUGHAL EMPIRE 5. Gujarat e. Hindi The Mughal Empire was established in 6. Karnataka f. Mizo 1526 by Zahir-ud-Din Mohammad 7. Maharashtra g. Bengali Babur. The classic period of the 8. Tamil Nadu h. Telugu Mughals began with the rule of 9. Sikkim i. Gujarati Jalal-ud-din Mohammad Akbar, 10. West Bengal j. Oriya successor of Humayun. 11. Punjab k. Assamese (14) ………………….……, son of Akbar 12. Mizoram l. Malayalam ruled from 1605-1627 and was 13. Manipur m. Marathi succeeded by Shah Jahan. Shah Jahan 14. Odisha n. Manipuri commissioned the famous 15. Kerala o. Punjabi (15) ………………….…… for his wife B. W rite any one official language of the Union Territories of India given below. (16) ………………….…… . Shah Jahan was 1. Andaman and Nicobar Islands 2. Chandigarh succeeded by (17) ………………….……, who was probably the richest and ……………………….. ……………………….. the most powerful man alive at that time. The empire gradually declined 3. Dadra and Nagar Haveli 4. Daman and Diu after the death of Aurangzeb in Find out ……………………….. ……………………….. 5. Delhi 6. Lakshadweep 7. Puducherry 1707. About other rulers and dynasties of India. Also find out how the British Raj started. ……………………….. ……………………….. ………………………..

2 3 Diverse Dresses The Beautiful North-East Nearly every region in India has a unique dress. Looking at the pictures, identify the regions to which these dresses belong. Take help of the “Hint Box”. The North-East India comprises of the seven sister states and Sikkim. The 1 2 seven sister states are also referred to as Paradise Unexplored.

Do you know the seven sister states and their capitals? Fill in the blanks in the columns below. State Capital ...... a. Arunachal Pradesh ………………………. 3 4 HintHint BoxBox b. ……………………….. Dispur Assam, Shillong, c. ……………………….. Imphal Nagaland, Itanagar, Manipur, Mizoram, ...... d. Meghalaya ………………………. Agartala 5 6 e. ……………………….. Aizawl

f. ...………………...... Kohima Arunachal Pradesh g. Tripura ...…………………...... Sikkim 7 8 Assam Did You Know? Nagaland The North-East is famous for its Meghalaya wildlife, tea gardens, silk, Manipur handicrafts and rich culture...... Tripura HintHint BoxBox Mizoram Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Tripura, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, West Bengal, Jammu and Kashmir

4 5 Diverse Dresses The Beautiful North-East Nearly every state in India has a unique dress. Looking at the pictures, identify the states to which these dresses belong. Take help of the “Hint Box”. The North-East India comprises of the seven sister states and Sikkim. The 1 2 seven sister states are also referred to as Paradise Unexplored.

4 5 Land of Festivals Indian Awards

Identify the festivals by looking at the pictures. Write it down. Name the following awards. You can take help of the “Hint Box”. 1 1 3 1. Highest civilian award, for highest degree of national service in art, literature, science, public service or any field of human endeavour. 2 ……………………….. 2. Second highest civilian award, awarded to recognise distinguished service to the nation in 2 any field.

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...... 3. International award, by the Government of India as a tribute to Gandhiji's ideals.

………………………...... 4. This award is given to children between the ages 5 4 6 of 6 to 18 years for meritorious acts of bravery. ……………………….. 5. Highest military award for highest degree of valour in presence of the enemy. ……………………….. 5 6. Highest award for lifetime achievement in sports and games. 6

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...... 7. Literary honour given by Sahitya Akademi for outstanding work in literature, in any of the major languages of India.

………………………...... HintHint BoxBox Dhyan Chand Award, Bharat Ratna, Gandhi Peace Prize, National Bravery Award, Find out Padma Vibhushan, Sahitya Akademi Award, Param Vir Chakra About the other festivals celebrated in different seasons and learn more about them. Did You Know? First woman from India to win Nobel Peace Prize (1979) was Mother Teresa. 6 7 Land of Festivals Indian Awards

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...... 3. International award, by the Government of India as a tribute to Gandhiji's ideals.

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...... 7. Literary honour given by Sahitya Akademi for outstanding work in literature, in any of the major languages of India.

Yoga is a physical, mental and spiritual discipline which originated in ancient India. The goals of yoga are varied and range from improving health to 6. UTTANPADASANA achieving “Moksha”. Benefits – Reduces the stomach fat, Given below, are a few asanas and their benefits. Try and practice them strengthens the thighs and hip muscles everyday for a healthy living after consulting your guardians. and prevents hernia.

1 7a. 1. TADASANA 7 a. PRANAYAMA 2 Benefits – Improves posture, Benefits – Pranayama techniques are strengthens calf muscles and improves beneficial in treating stress disorders, and respiration. autonomic functions.

2. VRIKSHASANA Pranayama develops a steady mind, strong willpower and sound judgment. Benefits – Tones leg muscles, improves concentration and balance, strengthens b. BHRAMARI PRANAYAMA ligaments and tendons of feet. 7b.

Benefits – Bhramari Pranayama improves 3. PASCHIMOTTANASANA concentration and clears the mind of 3 Benefits – Makes spine flexible, aids confusion. digestion, helps reduce stomach fat and helps the diabetic patients. 4. SHASHANKASANA Find out – Relaxes the mind, relieves 4 Benefits About other types of Pranayamas and depression, tones the pelvic muscle the Surya Namaskar. and gives relief in arthritic pain. Did You Know? 5. BHUJANGASANA The first known reference of the word yoga with the same meaning as now, appears in Benefits – Decreases stiffness of the Katha Upanishad (400 BC). However, there are indications that yogic practices were lower back, firms buttocks and prevalent in the Indus Valley Civilisation (3300–1900 BC). 5 relieves stress and fatigue.

8 9 Yoga : For a Healthy Life 6

8 9 Hot, Spicy and Reptiles and Insects Full of Flavour A. By looking at the given pictures, unscramble the names of the reptiles and A spice is a dried seed, fruit, root, bark or leaf of a plant. It is added to food for insects. flavour, colour or as a preservative. 1 2 3 4 Many different spices are used in India. Find out the names of the pictures provided below with the help of the “Hint Box”.

1 2 3 ANCAADON CEKOG DOKOMO GRONDA SGLSA ROFG ...... 5 6 7 8 ......

4 5 6

OGTHLIA TLEBEE FRFYLIE MGOTAG ETBFYLTUR ......

...... B. Given below are some facts about reptiles and insects. State whether 7 8 9 they are True or False. 1. Honeybees can sting only once and they die after that...... 2. Dragonfly is also known as “devil’s darning needle”...... 3. Leech is also known as “plant louse”...... 4. Hornets and yellow jackets are types of bees...... 10 HintHint BoxBox 5. The turtle is a reptile...... Cumin seeds, Nutmeg, Cinnamon, Cloves, Turmeric, 6. Reptiles are warm-blooded...... Black cardamom, Fennel seeds, Star anise, 7. Snakes are slimy and not dry...... Coriander leaves, Black peppercorns ...... 8. To catch insects, chameleon can shoot its tongue Did You Know? farther than the length of its own body...... Most varieties of lemons contain more sugar than strawberries. 10 11