DOCSLIB.ORG

The Proposed Ganges-Cauvery Link Canal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Proposed Ganges-Cauvery Link Canal THE PROPOSED GANGES-CAUVERY LINK CANAL A recent handout of the United Nations gives details of the proposed scheme of linking the Ganga with the Cauvery which is claimed to be one of the world's largest engineering projects. The U. N. team which studied the project at the instance of the Government of India have concluded that the ambitious project is technically feasible and vitally necessary for the development of the water resources in the country. ,.:~ .( ." .....r-: IV E: p '....,.... .4 I.. ~: ..., .~",/ ... '.....: -; ~ J",._.t......,.......:- ' .. '" CAL-CUlT. 0 A p.AeIAN sEA BAV OF BENGAL TAIVANDRUM PROPOSEO GANGES CAUVERY LINK CA]'.;AL The scheme first conceived by the Central Water & Power Commission is designed to link all the major rivers of India-the Ganges, Brahmaputra, Narmada, Tapi, Godavari, Krishna, Pennar and Cauvery-by means of a 3000 km long canal. When completed, it is said, it would revolutionize inland transportation by creating a navi­ gable system equal to the combined length of the Rhine, Danube and Vistula water­ ways of Europe. The project is expected to cost $ 4,000 million and take 25 years to complete. According to the leader of the U.N. team Joseph Barnea, an Israeli National Resources Economist and Director of the United Nations Resources and Transport UNITED NATIONS PROJECT REPORT 437 Division, the project would lead in the long run to very important changes in regard to water power and transport, and the location of mining and other industries in India. The following are the broad details of the scheme. Annually 25 billion cubic metres of water are to be lifted from the Ganges river near Patna up 460 metres to reservoirs on the Chotanagpur plateau. From these reservoirs the water, coursing across the Deccan plateau through a 3,300 km network of aqueducts, gravity canals, tunnels, natural water courses and reservoirs, will flow into the southern and western rivers. This network will consist of three main segments; linking the Ganges to the Narmada, the Narmada to the Godavari, and the Godavari to the river Cauvery. Through the Narmada river, water would be supplied to existing and planned irriga­ tion systems in Gujarat and Rajasthan. The canal net work is expected to become a major navigational route for ferry­ ing bulk cargo from the south to the industrial and population centres of the north as well as to the major seaports of the country. The scheme is expected to minimise the impact of draughts by bringing under irrigation vast areas of culturable land. The objective is to more than double the presently irrigated area from 8 million to 19 million hectares. Another important recommendation of the U.N. study is the creation of a national power grid. Lifting the requisite quantities of water from the Ganges would require nearly 7,500 megawatts of power. This is about half the power that is being generated in India today. But by 1990, when the power will be needed, the United Nations report projects that this quantity would be only 6 per cent of the total power generated in the country, and would be only 2 or 3 per cent of the nation's power capacity in the year 2000. It is claimed that one immediate benefit of the canal project would be the alleva­ tion of unemployment among engineers and technicians. Thousands of engineers, technical experts and support personnel would be required for carrying out surveys and investigations. When construction begins, the project will provide jobs to tens of thousands of workers and engineers. It is estimated that over the next 25 years period, annually a sum of $ 150 million will have to be spent to provide the canal and navigational facilities. It is stated that sufficient industrial potential exists in the country to supply the necessary build­ ing material and hydraulic equipment. The project is going to pose a big challenge to the technicians and engineers in the country..
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Slowly Down the Ganges March 6 – 19, 2018
    Slowly Down the Ganges March 6 – 19, 2018 OVERVIEW The name Ganges conjures notions of India’s exoticism and mystery. Considered a living goddess in the Hindu religion, the Ganges is also the daily lifeblood that provides food, water, and transportation to millions who live along its banks. While small boats have plied the Ganges for millennia, new technologies and improvements to the river’s navigation mean it is now also possible to travel the length of this extraordinary river in considerable comfort. We have exclusively chartered the RV Bengal Ganga for this very special voyage. Based on a traditional 19th century British design, our ship blends beautifully with the timeless landscape. Over eight leisurely days and 650 kilometres, we will experience the vibrant, complex tapestry of diverse architectural expressions, historical narratives, religious beliefs, and fascinating cultural traditions that thrive along the banks of the Ganges. Daily presentations by our expert study leaders will add to our understanding of the soul of Indian civilization. We begin our journey in colourful Varanasi for a first look at the Ganges at one of its holiest places. And then by ship we explore the ancient Bengali temples, splendid garden-tombs, and vestiges of India’s rich colonial past and experience the enduring rituals of daily life along ‘Mother Ganga’. Our river journey concludes in Kolkatta (formerly Calcutta) to view the poignant reminders of past glories of the Raj. Conclude your trip with an immersion into the lush tropical landscapes of Tamil Nadu to visit grand temples, testaments to the great cultural opulence left behind by vanished ancient dynasties and take in the French colonial vibe of Pondicherry.
    [Show full text]
  • The Conservation Action Plan the Ganges River Dolphin
    THE CONSERVATION ACTION PLAN FOR THE GANGES RIVER DOLPHIN 2010-2020 National Ganga River Basin Authority Ministry of Environment & Forests Government of India Prepared by R. K. Sinha, S. Behera and B. C. Choudhary 2 MINISTER’S FOREWORD I am pleased to introduce the Conservation Action Plan for the Ganges river dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) in the Ganga river basin. The Gangetic Dolphin is one of the last three surviving river dolphin species and we have declared it India's National Aquatic Animal. Its conservation is crucial to the welfare of the Ganga river ecosystem. Just as the Tiger represents the health of the forest and the Snow Leopard represents the health of the mountainous regions, the presence of the Dolphin in a river system signals its good health and biodiversity. This Plan has several important features that will ensure the existence of healthy populations of the Gangetic dolphin in the Ganga river system. First, this action plan proposes a set of detailed surveys to assess the population of the dolphin and the threats it faces. Second, immediate actions for dolphin conservation, such as the creation of protected areas and the restoration of degraded ecosystems, are detailed. Third, community involvement and the mitigation of human-dolphin conflict are proposed as methods that will ensure the long-term survival of the dolphin in the rivers of India. This Action Plan will aid in their conservation and reduce the threats that the Ganges river dolphin faces today. Finally, I would like to thank Dr. R. K. Sinha , Dr. S. K. Behera and Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Hooghly River a Sacred and Secular Waterway
    Water and Asia The Hooghly River A Sacred and Secular Waterway By Robert Ivermee (Above) Dakshineswar Kali Temple near Kolkata, on the (Left) Detail from The Descent of the Ganga, life-size carved eastern bank of the Hooghly River. Source: Wikimedia Commons, rock relief at Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu, India. Source: by Asis K. Chatt, at https://tinyurl.com/y9e87l6u. Wikimedia Commons, by Ssriram mt, at https://tinyurl.com/y8jspxmp. he Hooghly weaves through the Indi- Hooghly was venerated as the Ganges’s original an state of West Bengal from the Gan- and most sacred route. Its alternative name— ges, its parent river, to the sea. At just the Bhagirathi—evokes its divine origin and the T460 kilometers (approximately 286 miles), its earthly ruler responsible for its descent. Hindus length is modest in comparison with great from across India established temples on the Asian rivers like the Yangtze in China or the river’s banks, often at its confluence with oth- Ganges itself. Nevertheless, through history, er waterways, and used the river water in their the Hooghly has been a waterway of tremen- ceremonies. Many of the temples became fa- dous sacred and secular significance. mous pilgrimage sites. Until the seventeenth century, when the From prehistoric times, the Hooghly at- main course of the Ganges shifted decisively tracted people for secular as well as sacred eastward, the Hooghly was the major channel reasons. The lands on both sides of the river through which the Ganges entered the Bay of were extremely fertile. Archaeological evi- Bengal. From its source in the high Himalayas, dence confirms that rice farming communi- the Ganges flowed in a broadly southeasterly ties, probably from the Himalayas and Indian direction across the Indian plains before de- The Hooghly was venerated plains, first settled there some 3,000 years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • The River Ganges Where Is It?
    The River Ganges Where is it? • The river Ganges starts high up in the Himalayan mountains and flows through the northern part of India and into the Bay of Bengal. How big is it? • The river is 2,510 km long from its source to the sea. • Its average depth is about 16m, but at its deepest it is 30m deep. • At its widest it is 350km. Why is it special? The river Ganges is special for two main reasons. •Firstly because it provides India with an important and much needed water. •Secondly, the river plays an important part in the believes and everyday life of the Hindu population in India The river in daily life • The land around the river and water from the river itself is used for farming. • There are lots of industries along the river that use it for power and cleaning. • Ordinary people who live by the river use it to bathe in, wash their clothes in and for drinking water. Over 10 million people bathe in the river every day. River Ganga The River Ganga runs through the holy city of Varanasi in India • Hindu legend has it that the Goddess Ganga had the power to purify anything that touched her and she flowed from the heavens and purified the people of India. Hindu’s belief that bathing in the river Ganga purifies them and their sins are forgiven. Hinduism and the river • The river is very important in Hinduism, they see the river as a goddess. • Hindu’s believe that bathing in the river helps to cleanse the soul- people are baptised in the river and the ashes of people who have died are poured into the river.
    [Show full text]
  • Significance of Riverine Carbon Transport: a Case Study of a Large Tropical River, Godavari (India)
    Vol. 45 Supp. SCIENCE IN CHINA (Series C) October 2002 Significance of riverine carbon transport: A case study of a large tropical river, Godavari (India) M. M. Sarin, A. K. Sudheer & K. Balakrishna Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad 380 009, India Correspondence should be addressed to M. M. Sarin (email: [email protected]) Received June 26, 2002 Abstract Although riverine carbon fluxes are a minor component of the global carbon cycle, the transfer of organic carbon from land to ocean represents a flux of potential carbon storage, irre- versible over 103 to 104 a. Future carbon transfers through river basins are expected to accelerate, with respect to both sources and sinks, because of the large-scale human driven land-use and land-cover changes. Thus, the increased amounts of carbon transported to and sequestered in marine sediments (through fertilization by river-borne inorganic nutrients) may be an important net sink for anthropogenic CO2. Particularly, the humid tropics of South Asia are regions very sensitive to this lateral C transport because of high precipitation and high rates of land use and cover change. In this paper we report on the role of upland tributaries in the transport processes influ- encing the lateral carbon and nitrogen fluxes of the Godavari, a large tropical river of India. By far, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is the dominant form of carbon transport in the river basin. It con- stitutes as much as 75% to the total carbon load. Particulate and dissolved organic carbon (POC and DOC) fluxes account for 21% and 4%, respectively. In the upper basin, DOC fluxes exceed that of POC due to large-scale anthropogenic activities.
    [Show full text]
  • Bangladesh: Transboundary Rivers Problems and Prospects
    BANGLADESH: TRANSBOUNDARY RIVERS PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS by Md. Jahid Hossain Jahangir Executive Engineer Joint Rivers Commission, Bangladesh Presented at the Expert Scoping Workshop on quantifying the benefits of transboundary water cooperation 6-7 June 2013, Amsterdam, the Netherlands BANGLADESH GENERAL INFORMATION ON BANGLADESH Total area of Bangladesh: 147,570 km2 Population: about 146.60 million 80% of the population live in rural areas The Topography of Bangladesh is generally flat. Most of the areas lie within 20m above MSL 80% floodplains, terraces 8% & 12% hills River and inland water bodies: 6.7 % Forest Cover: 17% Bangladesh enjoys a sub-tropical monsoon climate. Out of six seasons in a year, summer, monsoon and winter are predominate. Temperature in winter falls as low as 5º C , during summer the mean is about 30ºC and occasionally rises above 40º C. Normal annual rainfall: 1200 mm in the extreme west and as high as 5800 mm in the northeast. About 80% occurs in monsoon (Jun-Oct) Socio-economic aspects Agriculture support the vast majority of Bangladesh population, accounting for 32% of GDP, 13% of exports, and 60% of employment. Net cultivable area (NCA) is 8.53 Mha Irrigable area is 7.56 Mha. 5.00 Mha is currently irrigated Present cropping intensity is 183%. Of the total NCA, 35% is single cropped, 49% double cropped and 16% triple cropped. WATER AVAILABILTIES AND DEMANDS Total water resources in Bangladesh including ground water : about 1297 BCM Cross border surface water inflow: 1124 BCM More than 80% occurs during monsoon when Bangladesh does not need so much (Jun-Oct) Availability during dry season (Jan-Apr) is only 88 BCM while it needs 147 BCM Being the lowest riparian of the Major Himalayan Rivers, Bangladesh has no control over the huge cross- boundary flows and because of flat topography it also can not store the huge monsoon water Transboundary Rivers of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a great delta formed by the three mighty Himalayan Rivers: the Ganges, the Brahmaputra and the Meghna.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconciling Drainage and Receiving Basin Signatures of the Godavari River System
    Biogeosciences, 15, 3357–3375, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3357-2018 © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Reconciling drainage and receiving basin signatures of the Godavari River system Muhammed Ojoshogu Usman1, Frédérique Marie Sophie Anne Kirkels2, Huub Michel Zwart2, Sayak Basu3, Camilo Ponton4, Thomas Michael Blattmann1, Michael Ploetze5, Negar Haghipour1,6, Cameron McIntyre1,6,7, Francien Peterse2, Maarten Lupker1, Liviu Giosan8, and Timothy Ian Eglinton1 1Geological Institute, ETH Zürich, Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland 2Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands 3Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, 741246 Mohanpur, West Bengal, India 4Division of Geological and Planetary Science, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, USA 5Institute for Geotechnical Engineering, ETH Zürich, Stefano-Franscini-Platz 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland 6Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland 7Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre AMS Laboratory, Rankine Avenue, East Kilbride, G75 0QF Glasgow, Scotland 8Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 86 Water Street, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA Correspondence: Muhammed Ojoshogu Usman ([email protected]) Received: 12 January 2018 – Discussion started: 8 February 2018 Revised: 18 May 2018 – Accepted: 24 May 2018 – Published: 7 June 2018 Abstract. The modern-day Godavari River transports large sediment mineralogy, largely driven by provenance, plays an amounts of sediment (170 Tg per year) and terrestrial organic important role in the stabilization of OM during transport carbon (OCterr; 1.5 Tg per year) from peninsular India to the along the river axis, and in the preservation of OM exported Bay of Bengal.
    [Show full text]
  • Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment
    Public Disclosure Authorized Report No. 67668-SAS Report No. 67668-SAS Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized GANGES STRATEGIC BASIN ASSESSMENT: A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks b Report No. 67668-SAS Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks Ganges Strategic Basin Assessment A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks World Bank South Asia Regional Report The World Bank Washington, DC iii GANGES STRATEGIC BASIN ASSESSMENT: A Discussion of Regional Opportunities and Risks Disclaimer: © 2014 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 14 13 12 11 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law.
    [Show full text]
  • Southeast Asia.Pdf
    Standards SS7G9 The student will locate selected features in Southern and Eastern Asia. a. Locate on a world and regional political-physical map: Ganges River, Huang He (Yellow River), Indus River, Mekong River, Yangtze (Chang Jiang) River, Bay of Bengal, Indian Ocean, Sea of Japan, South China Sea, Yellow Sea, Gobi Desert, Taklimakan Desert, Himalayan Mountains, and Korean Peninsula. b. Locate on a world and regional political-physical map the countries of China, India, Indonesia, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Vietnam. Directions: Label the following countries on the political map of Asia. • China • North Korea • India • South Korea • Indonesia • Vietnam • Japan Directions: I. Draw and label the physical features listed below on the map of Asia. • Ganges River • Mekong River • Huang He (Yellow River) • Yangtze River • Indus River • Himalayan Mountains • Taklimakan Desert • Gobi Desert II. Label the following physical features on the map of Asia. • Bay of Bengal • Yellow Sea • Color the rivers DARK BLUE. • Color all other bodies of water LIGHT • Indian Ocean BLUE (or TEAL). • Sea of Japan • Color the deserts BROWN. • Korean Peninsula • Draw triangles for mountains and color • South China Sea them GREEN. • Color the peninsula RED. Directions: I. Draw and label the physical features listed below on the map of Asia. • Ganges River • Mekong River • Huang He (Yellow River) • Yangtze River • Indus River • Himalayan Mountains • Taklimakan Desert • Gobi Desert II. Label the following physical features on the map of Asia. • Bay of Bengal • Yellow Sea • Indian Ocean • Sea of Japan • Korean Peninsula • South China Sea • The Ganges River starts in the Himalayas and flows southeast through India and Bangladesh for more than 1,500 miles to the Indian Ocean.
    [Show full text]
  • Music of INDIA
    CARNEGIE HALL presents GLOBAL ENCOUNTERS MUSIC OF INDIA A Program of The Weill Music Institute at Carnegie Hall TEACHER GUIDE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Contributing Writer / Editor Daniel Levy Consulting Writer Samita Sinha Delivery of The Weill Music Institute’s programs to national audiences is funded in part by the US Department of Education and by an endowment grant from the Citi Foundation. The Weill Music Institute at Carnegie Hall 881 Seventh Avenue New York, NY 10019 212-903-9670 212-903-0925 weillmusicinstitute.org © 2009 The Carnegie Hall Corporation. All rights reserved. INTRODUCTION TO INDIA AND ITS MUSIC The musical sounds of India are part of vast historical, cultural, and spiritual traditions that date back thousands of years. This introduction offers a glimpse into India’s complex history. SG18 There are four main regions of India, each with its own musical traditions. In North India, the classical musical traditions, known as Hindustani music, have origins in Sanskrit texts, and are influenced by Hindu, Muslim, and Persian cultures. The basic concepts of these classical music traditions are melody and rhythm. Sameer Gupta is part of the Hindustani musical tradition. In Northwest and West India, the predominant musical styles are bhangra music from the Punjab and Rajasthani folk music. Rajasthan, which is located south of the Punjab region, is known for its rich court heritage and its lively musician communities. West Bengal in East India is home to a community of Bengalis who were at the center of various land disputes and rebellions following the partition. The Baul communities in Bangladesh and West Bengal share a mystical folk religious music that features prominently in this region.
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Tipaimukh Dam on Bangladesh
    IMPACTS OF TIPAIMUKH MULTIPURPOSE PROJECTS ON RIVERS AND ECONOMY OF BANGLADESH By: Enamul Hoque, P.E., D.GE, F.ASCE1 Chandler, Arizona Introduction: Bangladesh is the largest delta of the world, created and shaped by the Himalayan orogeny initiated during the Cretaceous Age and the sediments carried and deposited by the numerous river systems. Among the river systems, the Ganges (also known as Padma), the Brahmaputra-Teesta, the Surma-Meghna, and the Karnafuli are the most notable. These rivers and other numerous small rivers originate from India, China, and Myanmar, and, unfortunately, the people of Bangladesh have no control over the river systems. The socio- cultural, economic, and political history of Bangladesh and greater Bengal are actually the history and geomorphology of these rivers. The rivers have been providing the people with food, shelter, transportation, trade, and Figure 1 General Map of Bangladesh with Major Rivers prosperity by bringing new nutrition-rich sediments and sheltering a myriad of wildlife including fish, birds, aquatic plants, and fruits. The rivers have also cursed the lives of the people of Bangladesh by bringing sudden and catastrophic floods. Floods displaced people, washed away crops, and affected lives in every aspect. Floods also brought new nutrition-rich sediments, and washed away the toxic chemicals accumulated in the land during drier times, which renewed life and society. The water flow of the Padma River at Hardinge Bridge is 2,000,000 cubic feet per second (cfs). The flow of Brahmaputra at Sirajganj is 2,500,000 cfs while flow of Meghna River at Bhairab Bazaar is 420,000 cfs.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Physiography of the Lower Ganges and Lower Mississippi Valleys
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1955 Comparative Physiography of the Lower Ganges and Lower Mississippi Valleys. S. Ali ibne hamid Rizvi Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Rizvi, S. Ali ibne hamid, "Comparative Physiography of the Lower Ganges and Lower Mississippi Valleys." (1955). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 109. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/109 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMPARATIVE PHYSIOGRAPHY OF THE LOWER GANGES AND LOWER MISSISSIPPI VALLEYS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geography ^ by 9. Ali IJt**Hr Rizvi B*. A., Muslim University, l9Mf M. A*, Muslim University, 191*6 M. A., Muslim University, 191*6 May, 1955 EXAMINATION AND THESIS REPORT Candidate: ^ A li X. H. R iz v i Major Field: G eography Title of Thesis: Comparison Between Lower Mississippi and Lower Ganges* Brahmaputra Valleys Approved: Major Prj for And Chairman Dean of Gri ualc School EXAMINING COMMITTEE: 2m ----------- - m t o R ^ / q Date of Examination: ACKNOWLEDGMENT The author wishes to tender his sincere gratitude to Dr. Richard J. Russell for his direction and supervision of the work at every stage; to Dr.
    [Show full text]