Wiltshire 2026 Spatial Strategy Background

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WLiltshire ocal Development Framework

Wiltshire 2026 Planning for Wiltshire’s future

Spatial strategy

Background paper October 2009

CONTENTS

1. Introduction Page

Introduction 4 Structure of the Document 4 The Wiltshire Core Strategy 5 Relationship with South Wiltshire Core Strategy 5

2. Background Information 7

National Policy 7 National Policy Principles 7 Regional Guidance 9 Housing Market Areas 9 Development Policies 10 The West of Swindon 11

3. Methodology 12

Identification of Settlements Suitable for Development in Wiltshire 13  Strategically Significant Towns (Tier One) 13  Market Towns (Tier Two) 13  Issues and Options Consultation 14 o East Wiltshire 14 o North Wiltshire 15 o West Wiltshire 15  Small Towns and Villages (Third Tier) 16  Settlement Hierarchy 16  Settlement Groups 20

Identification of the Appropriate Amount of Development in Wiltshire 20  Timescale 21

Number of Dwellings Needed to Fulfil RSS Targets – Completions and Commitments. 21  Completions since 2006 21  Commitments at 2009 22  Windfalls 23

Amount of Employment Land Needed to Fulfil RSS Targets – Completions and Existing Supply 24  Completions since 2006 24  Commitments at 2009 25

Allocating the Figures at a Local Level 26

Role and Function Analysis 28  Housing and Employment 29  Facilities 29

2  Transport 29  Developable Land and Environmental Constraints 29  Relevant Local and Community Plans 30  Previous Consultation and Sustainability Appraisal 30  Infrastructure Capacity 30

The Role and Function Analysis of Small Towns and Villages 30  Total Population, Households and Workplace population 30  Facilities, Access and Distance from Local Service Centre/SSCT 30  Housing Need 30

The Final Development Figures 31  Market Towns 31  Small Towns and Villages 31  Unallocated Dwellings 32  The Final Figures 32

4. The Spatial Strategy 35

Introduction 35  Housing and Employment 36  Facilities, Retail and Leisure 36  The Environment and Rural Communities 37

The Settlement Hierarchy 37  Strategically Significant Cities and Towns (SSCTs) 38  Market Towns 38  Small Towns and Villages 38  Settlements considered unsuitable for development 39

The Spatial Strategy by Community Area 40

Justifying the Spatial Strategy 55  National Policy Principles 55  Sustainability Appraisal 56

Appendix A – Settlement Hierarchy Appendix B – Grouped Settlements Appendix C – Role and Function Analysis

3 1. INTRODUCTION

Introduction 1.1 The Spatial Strategy has a key role in translating the Vision and Objectives into strategic policies for delivering sustainable housing and employment development in Wiltshire. The Spatial Strategy will set out exactly how much development is intended in Wiltshire, and where and when this will take place.

1.2 National planning policy states that “the Core Strategy should deliver the means for achieving the Vision and Objectives by setting out how much development is intended to happen where, when, and by what means it will be delivered” (Paragraph 4.3, Planning Policy Statement (PPS) 12: Local Spatial Planning). The Wiltshire Spatial Strategy is based on the principles of sustainable development, is consistent with national and regional policy, but also reflects the reality of local situations. The Spatial Strategy is distinctive due to the particular characteristics of Wiltshire.

1.3 A number of studies and surveys have informed the Spatial Strategy. These include Strategic Housing Market Assessments, Housing Needs Studies, the Wiltshire Strategic Transport Assessment, Community Plans, and Conservation Area Plans. Various datasets held by the Council have also informed the Spatial Strategy.

1.4 The data and information sources which have informed the Spatial Strategy have included work undertaken by the Wiltshire Council Spatial Planning Service, work undertaken within other Council service areas, and work completed by a number of private sector partners. The Spatial Strategy also includes a number of elements taken from the work by the former district councils. The published Settlement Strategy for South Wiltshire and examples of best practice from elsewhere have also informed this Spatial Strategy.

1.5 This background paper indicates the levels of development to be planned for in each area of Wiltshire. This is in accordance with PPS12 which states that “It is essential that the core strategy makes clear spatial choices about where developments should go in broad terms” (Paragraph 4.5).

Structure of the Document 1.6 The Spatial Strategy is divided into four sections. This first section introduces the Spatial Strategy, the Wiltshire Core Strategy, and the South Wiltshire Core Strategy. A map is also provided in this section, which shows the Community Areas in Wiltshire.

1.7 Section 2 provides a summary of national and regional policy. This section sets out a number of development principles that direct the overall strategy. The analysis is followed by a summary of the emerging Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS), which provides a set of definitions for describing the settlements of Wiltshire, and specific figures for housing and employment numbers across Wiltshire up to 2026.

4 1.8 Section 3 describes the methodology which has been followed when developing the Spatial Strategy. There are three parts to this section: the first part describes how settlements that are considered suitable for development in Wiltshire have been identified. This work uses various sources including the emerging RSS, previous consultation work, and a settlement hierarchy to identify suitable settlements. The second part of the methodology interprets the evidence available and the emerging RSS development figures to identify the amount of development that is appropriate in Wiltshire at a local level. Finally, the third part describes the role and function studies which have been used to understand how to direct development to appropriate and suitable settlements in Wiltshire.

1.9 Section 4 sets out the Spatial Strategy. It begins by explaining the wider Wiltshire context. It goes on to describe the plan area and identifies functional relationships which exist with settlements beyond Wiltshire. This section also identifies the settlements which are considered appropriate locations for development. It specifies the level of development to be planned for at the larger settlements, and identifies the smaller settlements which are considered appropriate for more modest levels of development.

The Wiltshire Core Strategy 1.10 The Wiltshire Core Strategy will set out the Council’s spatial vision, key objectives and overall principles for development in Wiltshire. The Core Strategy will identify the location of strategic sites for new housing and employment development, and will include policies to assist in the determination of planning applications.

1.11 The Wiltshire Core Strategy is being prepared by the new unitary authority for Wiltshire. The Core Strategy will be informed by work undertaken by the former district councils, including previous consultations and studies, which also form part of the overall evidence base. A South Wiltshire Core Strategy will be adopted in advance of the Wiltshire Core Strategy. This is due to the need to provide sufficient housing in the south Wiltshire area. The Wiltshire Core Strategy will eventually supersede the South Wiltshire Core Strategy but will incorporate its policies and proposals.

Relationship with the South Wiltshire Core Strategy 1.12 The South Wiltshire Core Strategy contains its own settlement strategy, which identifies locations for growth and development across South Wiltshire. The hierarchy of settlements is similar to that presented in this Spatial Strategy. Salisbury is identified in the RSS as a Strategically Significant City and Town (SSCT) and is therefore the focus for development in South Wiltshire.

1.13 The South Wiltshire settlement strategy identifies a number of Market Towns that will be able to accommodate local development similar to the second level of settlements presented in this strategy. Amesbury/Durrington/Bulford is singled out as a particular focus of development due to the size and function of this settlement in the context of South Wiltshire. Whilst this Spatial Strategy does not single out any settlements beyond SSCTs to be a particular focus of growth, a number of settlements are allocated larger housing and employment

5 development figures due to their role and function at a similar level to Amesbury/Durrington/Bulford.

1.14 The other second tier settlements in the South Wiltshire Core Strategy are smaller rural Market Towns. The scale of allocations of development at these locations is similar in both the South Wiltshire and the Wiltshire strategies. The South Wiltshire strategy also identifies two levels of smaller settlements, which again is similar to the approach in this strategy.

1.15 Figure 1 below shows the extent of the new Wiltshire Unitary Authority, together with the constituent Community Areas and Parishes.

Figure 1: Community Areas and Parishes in Wiltshire

6 2. BACKGROUND INFORMATION

National Policy 2.1 National planning policy, in the form of Planning Policy Statements (PPSs), Planning Policy Guidance Notes (PPGs) and Planning Circulars, provides guidance for local planning authorities in both the formation of planning policy and, in some cases, the determination of planning applications. PPS12 outlines the process of preparing the Local Development Framework (LDF) and provides detailed guidance for the production of the Core Strategy. More information on the LDF and Spatial Planning in general is provided in the background paper on Vision and Objectives.

2.2 PPS12 describes the basic requirements for the Spatial Strategy. There are also a number of other PPS/Gs which have policies that directly impact on development and provide a set of guiding principles which underpin the approach taken in developing this Spatial Strategy for Wiltshire. The national policy documents which include particularly relevant policies, and which have been used to inform this Spatial Strategy, include:

PPS1: Delivering Sustainable Development (including Supplement to PPS1: Planning and Climate Change) PPS3: Housing PPS6: Planning for Town Centres PPS7: Sustainable Development in Rural Areas PPG13: Transport PPG17: Recreation and Open Spaces PPS22: Renewable Energy PPS25: Development and Flood Risk

National Policy Principles 2.3 The section below outlines the guiding principles which are set out in national policy and have been taken into account during the preparation of the Wiltshire Spatial Strategy.

Development Principle 1: Contribute to Sustainable Development

Development should be planned so that it contributes towards sustainability objectives. Local planning policy should deliver:  safe, healthy and attractive places to live;  sustainable economic development;  protection and enhancement of the environment;  the prudent use of natural resources; and  resilient, successful communities.

The Spatial Strategy must set out the preferred location for new development. It must ensure that the preferred locations are able to contribute to the over-arching goal of enabling sustainable development.

(PPS1 – PPS22 – PPS25 – PPG17)

7 Development Principle 2: Significant Development should be Focused at Market Towns and Service Centres

National policy is clear that significant development should be directed to larger settlements. Settlements should only be considered suitable locations for development where they offer a range of community facilities, with good access to jobs, key services and infrastructure.

The Spatial Strategy, away from the larger urban areas of Chippenham, Trowbridge and Salisbury, will focus most new development at Market Towns and Local Service Centres, where a range of facilities and jobs, as well as affordable housing, can be provided both for the local community and the wider rural community.

(PPS1 – PPS12 – PPS3 – PPS7)

Development Principle 3: Establish the Quantity of Development and Role of the Settlement

The Core Strategy should guide patterns of development and seek to manage change in the area it covers by using development positively to the benefit of the community. In identifying the amount of development that should be planned for in Wiltshire, and where and when this should take place, the Spatial Strategy should take account of the wider implications of development.

This can be achieved by defining the network of centres, understanding existing infrastructure and future infrastructure requirements, ensuring effective use of previously developed land (PDL), and ensuring that community facilities support housing and employment development.

(PPS1 – PPS3 – PPS6 – PPS7)

Development Principle 4: Protect Rural Communities

In identifying how villages that are not designated as Market Towns can become more self- sufficient, the focus should be on service provision, local businesses and community needs in order to meet and to maintain the vitality and viability of these communities.

The Spatial Strategy will establish where some limited development in, or next to, rural settlements should be allowed to contribute toward the sustainability of rural communities. (PPS1 – PPS7 – PPG17)

Development Principle 5: Improve Sustainable Transport

Development Plan allocations should look to reduce the need and length of journeys by making services accessible. Investment in local transport services and provision must be considered as a fundamental part of new development.

The Spatial Strategy must consider the presence, or lack, of sustainable transport options and any opportunities to enhance these options as a key part of directing development.

(PPG17 - PPS1)

8 Development Principle 6: Promote Social Inclusion

When establishing patterns of development, social inclusion should be promoted to ensure that resilient, sustainable communities are maintained and enhanced in both urban and rural areas. This can be achieved through addressing the vitality and viability of existing centres, reducing isolation using sustainable transport, managing development for the benefit of the community, and recognising and encouraging the role of economic development.

The Spatial Strategy must respect the distinctive identity of our local communities and encourage development that can provide attractive, safe, accessible, functional and inclusive towns and villages. The Strategy must promote and enhance the communities in Wiltshire.

(PPS1 – PPS3 – PPS6 – PPS7 - PPG13 - PPG17)

Regional Guidance 2.4 The South West Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS) is intended to guide policy at a regional level. The RSS identifies the scale and distribution of new housing in the region, indicates areas for regeneration, expansion or sub-regional planning and specifies priorities for the environment, transport, infrastructure, economic development, agriculture, minerals and waste treatment and disposal. The most recent version of the RSS is the Secretary of State’s Proposed Changes to the RSS, published in July 2008. Once adopted, the RSS will set the policy context for the South West for the period 2006 to 2026.

Housing Market Areas 2.5 The RSS includes specific development targets for housing and employment in the South West. These regional development figures need to be delivered at a local level through individual Local Planning Authorities’ Core Strategies and other Development Plan Documents. The targets are split by Housing Market Area (HMA) and are set out in the thirteen HMA policies in the RSS. Wiltshire is divided between three HMAs. The development figures for each HMA, and the specific figures for the area of each HMA within Wiltshire, are summarised in Table 1 below.

Area Homes Jobs Policy HMA1: West of England HMA 137,950 137,200 West Wiltshire 12,300 Not Specified

Policy HMA2: Swindon HMA 53,900 42,700 North Wiltshire 13,700 Not Specified Kennet (East Wiltshire) 6,000 Not Specified

Policy HMA 11: Salisbury HMA 12,400 13,900 Salisbury (South Wiltshire) 12,400 13,900

Total for Wiltshire 44,400 Not Specified

Table 1: Development figures for each HMA (Source: Secretary of State’s Proposed Changes to the draft RSS, July 2008)

9 2.6 The HMA polices are supported by Development Policy A. This policy identifies 21 Strategically Significant Cities and Towns (SSCTs) that are to be the primary focus of development in the South West. There are three SSCTs in Wiltshire: Chippenham, Salisbury and Trowbridge. The HMA policies also define the amount of housing and employment development that should take place within each SSCT. These allocations are summarised in table 2 below.

City/Town Homes Jobs Employment Land Chippenham 5,500 6,200 (Chippenham TTWA1) 42 ha Salisbury 6,000 13,500 (Salisbury TTWA) 37 ha 11,700 (Trowbridge & Trowbridge 6,000 37 ha Warminster TTWA)

Table 2: Housing and employment allocations for SSCTs (Source: Secretary of State Proposed Changes to the draft RSS, July 2008)

Development Policies 2.7 RSS Development Policy A begins the process of describing the cities and towns of Wiltshire. The SSCTs will be the primary focus of development in Wiltshire and the South West. The SSCTs are expected not only to maintain and enhance their role as housing and employment centres, but also enhance their cultural, education, retail, health and other services and facilities, and improve in their role as strategic public transport hubs. The RSS considers that this can be achieved by:  improving the environment;  promoting social cohesion;  supporting growth in the economy;  improving transport; and  making effective and efficient use of land.

2.8 The RSS specifies the levels of housing and employment development to be provided in the SSCTs. However, beyond this, it is up to Local Planning Authorities to apportion development to settlements. The Secretary of State’s Proposed Changes to the draft RSS states that “away from the SSCTs the scope for significant future…. Development is….clearly aligned to the role and function of place”. Development Policy B looks to “Market and Coastal” towns to be focal points for locally significant development.

2.9 The RSS describes a settlement that should be classified in accordance with Development Policy B as having:  an existing concentration of business and employment;  realistic potential for employment opportunities to be enhanced;

1 TTWA refers to the Travel To Work Area for each SSCT. The Secretary of State’s Proposed Changes to the draft RSS states that the HMA policies are based on “1998 TTWAs which are derived from the 1991 Census”. However it is noted that 2007 TTWAs have since been produced based on 2001 Census data. It is therefore stated that “the changing nature of the TTWAs should … be kept in mind”.

10  shopping, cultural, faith, education, health and public services that meet the needs of the settlement and surrounding area;  sustainable transport modes that can be maintained or developed to meet identified community needs in the settlement and surrounding area. The proposals for locally significant development at these towns should be based on a clear understanding of their role and function. They should increase their self-containment and enhance their roles as local service centres.

2.10 Beyond settlements identified in Development Policies A and B, appropriately scaled development can also be accommodated at small towns and villages. Smaller towns and villages fall under Development Policy C, which sets out the following criteria for development at these settlements. Development must promote greater self-containment and stronger local communities by:  supporting economic activity appropriate to the scale of the settlement;  extending the range of services to better meet the needs of the settlement and its surrounding area;  meeting identified local housing needs. The settlements identified in Development Policy C will receive only modest levels of development that meet identified local need. Again, the amount of growth will depend on the role and function of these settlements and the nature and needs of the communities they serve.

The West of Swindon 2.11 The RSS identified the western edge of Swindon as a potential area for development as the land is “more or less contiguous with the urban form of Swindon and is well located in relation to sustainable transport issues. It would, in our opinion, be suitable for further growth to rebalance past and proposed patterns of growth to the north, south and east of the town” (paragraph 4.2.30, RSS).

2.12 There is a requirement for a total of 3,000 dwellings to be located in the area to the west of Swindon. The RSS makes this recommendation through Policy HMA2, which requires these 3,000 new dwellings to be located within Wiltshire. It therefore falls to Wiltshire’s Core Strategy to identify a suitable location.

2.13 The levels of development in Swindon are summarised in Policy HMA2, which states that “Provision for sustainable housing growth will comprise:

 19,000 new homes in the existing urban area of Swindon  12,000 new homes at Area of Search 2A to the east of Swindon  2,000 new homes at Area of Search 2B at Swindon  3,000 new homes at Area of Search 2C to the West of Swindon”.

11 3. METHODOLOGY

3.1 The Spatial Strategy methodology consists of three parts. These are concerned, respectively, with:

 the identification of settlements which may be suitable for development in Wiltshire;  the identification of the amount of development that is appropriate in Wiltshire; and  the direction of that development to appropriate and suitable locations.

Figure 2 below summarises this process.

Small Towns SSCTs Market Towns and Villages (Policy A) (Policy B) (Policy C) Identification of Settlements Suitable for Development in Wiltshire

Identification of the Appropriate Amount of Development in Wiltshire

Direction of Development to Appropriate Suitable Locations

Figure 2: The Spatial Planning Methodology

3.2 The first part of the methodology seeks to identify settlements in Wiltshire which are suitable for development. This has been achieved through the identification of SSCTs in the RSS, through a review of the work carried out in previous consultations by the former district councils

12 and through the development of a settlement hierarchy. The previous consultations formed part of the preparation of their own Core Strategies by the former district councils. This has led to the identification of a number of Market Towns (the equivalent of Policy B settlements) in Wiltshire. The basic settlement hierarchy has been used to identify smaller towns and villages (Policy C settlements) which may be appropriate for some modest development.

3.3 The second part of the Methodology describes how the development figures in the RSS have been interpreted to inform the Spatial Strategy. This allows an understanding of exactly how much development is needed to fulfil the regional targets and ensure that the amount of development allocated in the strategy is deliverable at a local level. The RSS proposes specific housing and employment figures for the SSCTs. However, for the other settlements that have been identified as appropriate locations for development, the Core Strategy needs to determine the appropriate level of development for each settlement. Therefore, it is important to understand the levels of development that are required in the period up to 2026, taking account of any development which has already been given permission or has been completed to date, that is between 2006 and 2009.

3.4 The third and final part of the Methodology describes the approach taken in compiling a role and function analysis of each of the Policy B and C settlements. The role and function analysis is a detailed study which seeks to understand each settlement through an analysis of the level of housing, employment and facilities that are currently located at each settlement, the potential which exists to consolidate and improve the current situation, and how the settlement relates to the wider context of Wiltshire. The actual role and function analysis of each settlement is presented in Appendix C.

The Identification of Settlements Suitable for Development in Wiltshire

Policy A Settlements – Strategically Significant Cities and Towns (Tier One) 3.5 The Strategically Significant Cities and Towns in Wiltshire are described in RSS Development Policy A. These settlements have been identified in the regional strategy as the primary focus for development. They are seen as the housing and employment centres across the region and development should support their role as cultural, education, retail, health and other services centres, as well as their role as strategic public transport hubs. The SSCTs in Wiltshire are Chippenham, Salisbury and Trowbridge.

Policy B Settlements – Market Towns (Tier Two) 3.6 The settlements in the second tier are Market Towns that have been identified as performing a service centre role within Wiltshire. They will be the focus of locally significant development, which will not only increase the housing and employment offer of each town, but will sustain and enhance the services and facilities to promote better levels of-self containment and viable sustainable communities.

13 3.7 The approach to identifying these Market Towns has been based on the consultation work carried out by the former Wiltshire district councils. This work led to the identification of 11 towns that are considered to fulfil the criteria of RSS Policy B. This approach is similar to that of the South Wiltshire Core Strategy. For example, in South Wiltshire Amesbury/Durrington/Bulford is identified as a Policy B town with an ability to absorb higher levels of development, whilst Downton, Mere, Tisbury and Wilton are also indentified as Policy B towns. The Wiltshire Spatial Strategy set out in this document, however, does not make such a distinction between Market Towns due to the wider range of settlements and their differing roles in north, west and east Wiltshire.

Issues and Options Consultation 3.8 The Issues and Options stage of the LDF process was undertaken by the former Wiltshire district councils in 2007 and 2008. This work was subject to comprehensive consultation and included options for the distribution of growth between the main and smaller settlements. Table 3 shows the most recent Issues and Options documents which were the subject of consultation in the former district areas. The Spatial Strategy has taken this work into consideration, particularly in relation to the identified preferred options.

Council Document Title Date

Kennet District Council Making Places for the Future May-08 North Wiltshire District Second Issues and Options Council Consultation Paper May-07 West Wiltshire District Council Issues and Options Paper Dec-07

Table 3: Issues and Options consultations undertaken by the former Wiltshire district councils

East Wiltshire 3.9 The former Kennet District Council document Making Places for the Future presented a number of spatial options for development across east Wiltshire. The results of the consultation exercise were reported to the Kennet District Planning Policies Executive Committee. The preferred option identified Devizes, Marlborough and Tidworth/Ludgershall as Policy B settlements. The preferred option also identified Pewsey and Market Lavington as Policy C settlements, and suggested that a number of large villages might be appropriate for small scale development.

3.10 Making Places for the Future also presented a number of different figures for how much housing should be developed at each of the proposed Policy B settlements. A preferred option was identified relating to the scale of development and this was taken to the Planning Policies Executive Committee. More details of the East Wiltshire preferred option can be found in paragraph 3.46 and Table 14 on page 27.

14 North Wiltshire 3.11 The former North Wiltshire District Council consulted on a potential spatial strategy as part of its Second Issues and Options Consultation Paper. The proposed spatial strategy was based on the approach taken by the emerging RSS. The strategy outlined the role of the towns and villages in order to give a clear indication of the scale of development to be directed to specific settlements. However, the Second Issues and Options Consultation Paper did not allocate specific numbers or ranges of future housing distribution between the settlements. This work was undertaken at a later stage.

3.12 Three development options were outlined. Options 1 and 3 identified Calne, Wootton Bassett, Malmesbury and Corsham as Tier 2 settlements, reflecting the Policy B criteria in the emerging RSS. Option 2 identified Calne as the only Tier 2 settlement. The Second Issues and Options Consultation Paper also identified a range of settlements to be considered as Tier 3, reflecting Policy C criteria. As a minimum, this paper identified Ashton Keynes, Box, Colerne, Cricklade, Derry Hill, Hullavington, Lyneham, Purton and Sherston within this category. It also considered that the settlements of Wootton Bassett, Cricklade, Lyneham and Purton performed a dormitory function in relation to Swindon and that this should not be exacerbated.

West Wiltshire 3.13 The former West Wiltshire District Council identified a preferred spatial strategy based on consultation responses to its Issues and Options Paper, which was published in December 2007. The Council’s Cabinet met to discuss the report on the consultation responses and the identified preferred spatial strategy. The preferred strategy proposed Melksham and Warminster as Policy B settlements. Bradford-on-Avon and Westbury were also identified as Policy B settlements, but subject to constraints, and were therefore considered suitable for lower levels of growth. It was also recommended that a limited number of larger villages, particularly those most closely related to nearby towns, should be included as Policy C settlements. These villages included Bratton, Broughton Gifford, Codford, Dilton Marsh, Heytesbury, Hilperton, Holt, Southwick, Westwood and Winsley.

3.14 The spatial strategy also suggested indicative ‘ranges’ for possible future housing allocations for each of the five main towns, with a collective allocation for some of the villages. The Cabinet resolved to give authority for officers, with appropriate oversight, to develop further an outline spatial strategy for West Wiltshire based on the consultation responses. Again, more detail on the indicative numbers can be found in paragraph 3.46 and Table 14 on page 27.

Sustainability Appraisal of the Issues and Options Work 3.15 The Issues and Options work undertaken by the former District Councils has been subject to assessment through the Sustainability Appraisal (SA) process. The findings of this work are summarised in a separate SA Report.

3.16 As the spatial growth options were general in nature, the SA only comments on broad principles concerning the scale of growth and how it should be distributed between settlements. More site-specific details are

15 required for a more detailed analysis to be undertaken. This is discussed further in the SA Report.

3.17 Likely significant positive and negative effects have been identified through the SA assessment. However, in broad terms, the distribution of growth across a wider range of larger settlements and a narrower range of smaller settlements is favoured. This approach would maximise the benefit associated with improving services across different towns whilst reducing the need to travel to smaller villages. The preferred options identified in Wiltshire 2026 are considered to represent the most sustainable options.

Policy C Settlements – Small Towns and Villages (Third Tier) 3.18 Settlements in the third tier are described in RSS Policy C as Small Towns and Villages. Development at these settlements will only be appropriate where it supports their self-containment together with the rural communities they serve. For the purposes of Wiltshire, and in line with national policy summarised in development principle 4 in Section 2 above, two types of C settlement have been identified.

3.19 Settlements described as C1 have the capacity, based on the role and function analysis, to accommodate modest levels of development. The second type of Policy C settlement, described as C2, should receive infill development only. Further information about the amount and type of development appropriate to C1 and C2 settlements is set out in paragraphs 4.14 to 4.17 below. This approach mirrors that of South Wiltshire where the Core Strategy identifies Secondary Villages (equivalent to C1) and Small Villages (equivalent to C2).

3.20 While the former District Councils did analyse small towns and villages (Policy C), it was felt that this work had not followed a consistent approach, unlike the work on the Market Towns (Policy B). It was therefore decided to re-examine settlements across north, west and east Wiltshire to determine which have the ability to absorb the levels of development appropriate to small towns and villages (Policy C). This has produced a consistent and more robust Spatial Strategy. A Settlement Hierarchy has been devised using a scoring system to analyse which settlements have the potential to be small towns and villages (Policy C).

3.21 Although the Settlement Hierarchy is a useful sifting tool, the results of this analysis on its own were not comprehensive enough to take forward identified settlements as small towns and villages (Policy C) and did not differentiate between ‘C1’ and ‘C2’ settlements. A role and function analysis of potential Policy C settlements was therefore undertaken. This role and function analysis examined the amount of development which was appropriate for each settlement.

Settlement Hierarchy 3.22 The Settlement Hierarchy had regard to the RSS policy requirements for both Market Towns (Policy B) and small towns and villages (Policy C). The Settlement Hierarchy also took on board the principles of national policy, using indicators to ‘score’ each settlement. The Hierarchy is divided into 3 sections, covering facilities, employment and transport.

16 Each section contains a number of indicators that have been used to understand the role and function of each settlement within Wiltshire.

3.23 The scoring system was designed not to differentiate between each individual settlement but to group settlements which display similar characteristics. This was considered necessary to build on the earlier work carried out by the former District Councils and to ensure a degree of consistency in the assessment of settlements within Wiltshire. The potential small towns and villages (Policy C) taken forward to the detailed role and function analysis were selected using a number of thresholds to establish the ability of each settlement to accommodate development.

3.24 SSCTs and Market Towns (Policy B) have also been included in the Settlement Hierarchy to allow an understanding of the relationship between small towns and villages and the larger settlements in Wiltshire. Because SSCTs and Market Towns were included it was important to apply a number of indicators, such as existing employment land, which were applicable to the identification of SSCTs and Market Towns. These indicators helped to provide a more comprehensive picture in understanding what differentiates potential Market Towns from small towns and villages.

3.25 Table 4 summarises the indicators used in the Settlement Hierarchy, and briefly describes the characteristics of towns in Wiltshire. The table also lists the data sources used and the thresholds applied to small towns and villages (Policy C). The full results of the Settlement Hierarchy are listed by settlement in Appendix A. Appendix A also contains a full list of settlements which were examined in the role and function analysis.

Issue Being Analysis of Settlement Characteristics Indicators Used Policy C Threshold & Data Sources Addressed in Wiltshire Retail - Supermarket and Basic Food Shop The identified Market Towns (Policy B) all have a full range of facilities that often extend beyond the listed basic facilities. All Data Sources: Retail Surveys for the larger Cultural/Entertainment - At least one of the Market Towns also have at least one towns and Rural Facilities Survey for smaller Cinema, Theatre, Library, medium to large supermarket. towns. Web searches have also been used Museum/Gallery, Tourist Information The small towns and villages of Wiltshire to supplement the data. Centre, Leisure Centre could generally be described as lacking in Basic Facilities facilities. Most retain a church but very few have even a basic food shop. Other facilities do not display any particular Faith - Places of Worship pattern. It has been difficult to rigidly stick to the thresholds. Therefore some Policy C settlements to have a basic food Education - Education for 4-16 exceptions have occurred where other shop and at least one other facility factors have outweighed the basic facility Health - GP Surgery indicators.

Data Sources: The employment data is from There is clear concentration of employment Number Employed at the Settlement the 2001 Census. Information on at the identified Market Towns with outstanding permissions/allocations and employment opportunities for over 2,000 potential employment sites is taken from people. There is also a concentration of Employment Land Monitoring Report and Existing outstanding permissions and/or allocations initial work with DTZ consultants on the Concentration and Existing Outstanding Permissions and at these locations. Other than the Market Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Potential Local Plan Allocations Towns, most (Lyneham is the exception) of Strategy Employment the settlements have a lower concentration of employment with very few potential There is no threshold set for Policy C Area of Sites included in the Workspace employment sites or outstanding settlements due to there being little pattern Strategy permissions. of employment sites etc… at smaller settlements in Wiltshire.

Data Sources: The Strategic Transport Assessment was written by the Wiltshire The Strategic Transport Assessment is Council Transport Policy Team. This weighted toward public transport and those assessment did not include the SSCTs or settlements with better public transport Total Strategic Transport Assessment many of the smaller settlements. The options, particularly a train station, Score Journey to Work Service is taken from the Sustainable achieved higher scores. The Settlement Rural Facilities Survey. Settlements not in Transport Hierarchy has also looked at the Journey the Rural Facilities Survey have an assumed to Work Service rating. Overall all Policy B Journey to Work Service as they are towns were rated in the top 45% of the 80+ employment centres. towns assessed in the Strategic Transport Assessment. Policy C settlements to have a Journey to Journey to Work Service Work Service

Table 4: Indicators used in the Settlement Hierarchy

Settlement Groups 3.26 In some instances, groups of settlements can be seen to perform a wider complementary role than each settlement individually. Where appropriate, and based on specific evidence, these settlements have been considered together as a grouped settlement. The most obvious example is Tidworth/Ludgershall, which is considered as a single Market Town (Policy B). Details of how groupings were identified are provided in Appendix B.

Identification of the Appropriate Amount of Development in Wiltshire 3.27 One level of development appropriate for Wiltshire for the period 2006 - 2026 is set out the RSS. This includes both the numbers of dwellings and the numbers of jobs to be provided. The targets are divided between Housing Market Areas (HMA) and are set out in the thirteen HMA Policies in the RSS. Wiltshire contains three HMAs. These are summarised in Table 1 on page 9. The RSS also sets out these figures by the former district areas, as shown in Table 5 below, together with figures for the Wiltshire SSCTs and the West of Swindon extension.

Area RSS dwellings figures 2006 -2026

Kennet (East Wiltshire) 6,000 Chippenham SSCT 5,500 North Wiltshire 5,200

Trowbridge SSCT 6,000 West of Swindon 3,000 West Wiltshire 6,300

Table 5: RSS dwelling figures for the former Wiltshire district areas and SSCTs

3.28 The RSS only specifies job numbers at HMA level, except for the SSCTs, where they are expressed in terms of Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs). Figures are provided for job numbers and the amount of employment land required in hectares (ha). The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 (WWELS) assessed the employment land requirements in Wiltshire over the 2006-2026 period. This study included a detailed investigation of future employment land requirements. The WWELS was based on existing policy, comprehensive consultation and an assessment of the demand for and supply of employment land. Table 6 summarises the employment land requirements in Wiltshire as set out in the RSS and as recommended in the WWELS. The WWELS sets out employment land requirements on the basis that between 50% and 66% of growth will be directed to the SSCTs, and these levels are referred to as the lower and upper bounds.

3.29 The variation between the RSS and WWELS figures arises because the RSS work is being based on Travel to Work Area forecasting. Where possible, this has been adjusted to ward boundaries by the WWELS to allow an understanding of the need for the rest of Wiltshire other than the SSCTs.

WWELS RSS WWELS Net Employment Employmen Employme Land t Land nt Land Settlements Requirement Requireme Requireme s (ha) nts (ha) nts (ha) (referring to (Upper (Lower TTWA) Bound) Bound) Chippenham 42 30.5 39 SSCT Salisbury 37 30.5 39 SSCT Trowbridge 37 29 37 SSCT Rest of Not Specified 73 98 Wiltshire

Table 6: Employment Land Requirements in Wiltshire

Timescale 3.30 PPS12 states that the time horizon for a Core Strategy should be at least 15 years from adoption. As the Wiltshire Core Strategy is due to be adopted in 2011, the time horizon should be 2026 as a minimum. This corresponds to the RSS plan period.

Numbers of dwellings needed to fulfil RSS targets – completions and commitments. 3.31 Since the RSS plan period extends from 2006 until 2026, housing completions between 2006 and 2009 and current commitments will have to be taken into account. These figures will continue to change by 2011, as more planning permissions are granted and more developments are completed.

Completions since 2006 3.32 A significant number of dwellings have already been completed since 2006. Table 7 summarises net completions by area for Wiltshire in the period 2006 - 2009 and identifies the residual RSS targets. The completions are net figures, meaning that any dwellings lost have been subtracted from the total gross figure of built dwellings. The use of these figures enables the re-calculation of the figures required for the period between 2009 and 2026.

Total net completions 2006- Revised RSS dwelling Area 2009 figures 2009-2026 Kennet (East 1,328 4,672 Wiltshire) Chippenham SSCT 668 4,831

North Wiltshire 1,565 3,633 Trowbridge SSCT 738 3,000 West of Swindon 0 5,277

West Wiltshire 979 5,301 TOTALS 5,278 26,714

Table 7: Completions since 2006

Commitments at 2009 3.33 In addition to the dwellings which have already been completed, there are also a large number of committed sites (with planning permission or as part of an existing Local Plan allocation) which have not yet been developed. An estimate has been made of the numbers of these outstanding commitments which are likely to be completed during the plan period. In the case of small sites (0-9 dwellings), it has been assumed that a similar proportion of sites will be completed as has been the case in recent years. For larger sites, developers have been contacted, and each site has been assessed individually. Table 8 summarises the outstanding commitments by area for Wiltshire in the period 2006 -2026 and the residual RSS target once commitments and completions have been taken into account.

Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding applications waiting allocated sites at permissions at 2009 Revised RSS for S106 agreement 2009 that are Area that are expected to dwelling figures expected to be expected to be be completed in the 2009-2026 completed in the completed in the plan period plan period plan period

Kennet (East 1,007 0 402 3,263 Wiltshire) Chippenham 415 20 316 4,081 SSCT North Wiltshire 1,460 168 193 1,814 Trowbridge SSCT 1,291 283 159 3,529 West of Swindon 200 0 0 2,800 West Wiltshire 2,058 208 466 2,612 TOTALS 6,431 679 1,536 18,099

Table 8: Outstanding commitments

Windfall 3.34 Housing sites that are not specifically allocated for development in a development plan, but which unexpectedly become available for development during the lifetime of a plan are described as “windfall sites”. While it is recognised that some windfall sites will be developed in the first 10 years of the plan, national policy dictates that these should not be relied on, and appropriate allocations should be put in place to deliver the housing figures for the first ten years. Therefore, in working out the total number of dwellings required at each settlement, windfall sites have only been taken into account after the first ten years. This means that windfall sites have only been estimated to come forward during the five year period between 2021 and 2026.

Estimated 5 year Windfall Supply Area for 2021-2026 Kennet (East Wiltshire) 305 Chippenham SSCT 155 North Wiltshire 340 Trowbridge SSCT 145 West of Swindon 0 West Wiltshire 360 TOTAL 1,305

Table 9: Estimated windfall housing supply 2021 - 2026

3.35 Tables 7 and 8 show the numbers of dwellings that are currently in the planning system for north, west and east Wiltshire. However, this assumes that build out rates (the number of planning permissions granted that are actually completed) continues to be the same as in previous years. It also assumes that those uncompleted sites that were allocated in the existing Local Plans will be developed. If previous Local Plan allocations are not developed in the short-term and are not carried forward in the Core Strategy, this will increase the number of additional dwellings that will need to be planned for. A review of these allocations will be undertaken before publication of the Core Strategy. The number of completions will continue to be monitored and, if the build out rates fall, this will need to be addressed by the Core Strategy. It is worth noting that, despite recent economic difficulties, completion rates have remained generally consistent in Wiltshire. Table 10 below summarises the number of dwellings that need to be allocated by area in the Core Strategy.

Original RSS Number of Number of dwellings figures Dwellings Dwellings to be Area (Number of Currently in the Allocated in the Houses) Planning System Core Strategy Kennet (East Wiltshire) 6,000 3,042 2,958 Chippenham SSCT 5,500 1,574 3,926 North Wiltshire 5,200 3,726 1,474 Trowbridge SSCT 6,000 3,016 2,984 West of Swindon 3,000 200 2,800 West Wiltshire 6,300 4,071 2,229

Table 10: Number of dwellings to be allocated in the Core Strategy

Amount of Employment Land Needed to Fulfil RSS Targets – Completions and Existing Supply 3.36 The employment land requirements for Wiltshire are derived from the WWELS. The upper bound requirements identified in the WWELS should be allocated in order to ensure the maximum increase in economic growth across the council area. Up to 66 % of employment growth should be directed to the SSCTs.

3.37 It is difficult to compare employment land requirements with current completions and commitments because the requirements are net figures whilst completions and commitments can only be expressed as gross figures. Nevertheless, the employment completions and commitments allow an understanding of the amount of employment development that is likely to take place in Wiltshire over the next 20 years.

Completions since 2006 3.38 Table 11 shows employment land completions since 2006 in the different parts of Wiltshire. It should be noted that employment development is sometimes recorded in square metres and can often be in the form of an extension to an existing employment site. It is therefore difficult to express all employment completions in hectares.

Area of Employment Land Area Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) Kennet (East Wiltshire) 5.1 Chippenham SSCT 0.7 North Wiltshire 9.9 Trowbridge SSCT 0.3 West of Swindon 0

West Wiltshire 11.6 TOTAL 27.6

Table 11: Employment land completions since 2006

Commitments at 2009 3.39 Table 12 presents the areas of employment land which are currently committed at each of the SSCTs and in the other areas of Wiltshire.

Area of Outstanding Area of Outstanding Area Permission/S106s for Allocations for Employment Land (ha) Employment Land (ha)

Kennet (East Wiltshire) 30.1 9.7 Chippenham SSCT 11.3 15.2 North Wiltshire 59.1 18.7 Trowbridge SSCT 22.3 4.5 West of Swindon 0 0 West Wiltshire 33.5 25.7 TOTALS 156.3 73.8

Table 12: Employment land commitments

3.40 The amount of employment land required in Wiltshire is derived from the WWELS. This report also identifies strategic employment sites across Wiltshire which could be allocated to deliver the identified employment land requirements. The WWELS recommends seven market towns as suitable locations for strategic employment growth in addition to the SSCTs. Market Towns were reviewed on the basis of their existing employment and their likely future potential for enhanced employment opportunities.

3.41 The Market Towns which are not identified for strategic employment growth are still considered to have potential to accommodate employment to meet local needs to enable their development as sustainable communities and to help promote self-containment. However, the scale of the role of these “third tier” Markets Towns is significantly smaller. This is in line with the aspiration to ensure that economic activity is appropriate to the scale of the settlement and its market potential.

3.42 It is important to note that not all of the Market Towns which have been included in the Spatial Strategy have been identified as “strategic” employment growth locations. A number of sites capable of contributing to employment requirements are located at Market Towns which have not been identified for strategic employment growth. These sites have not yet been assessed, and further work will be necessary before a complete portfolio of sites necessary for the delivery of the future employment land requirements for the north, west and east Wiltshire can be finalised. Table 13 below displays the amount of new employment land that has been recommended by the WWELS in each area.

Area of New Net Employment Area Land Recommended in WWELS (ha) Kennet (East Wiltshire) 22.4 Chippenham SSCT 42.9 North Wiltshire 20.1 Trowbridge SSCT 38.1 West of Swindon 0 West Wiltshire 40.4 TOTAL 163.9

Table 13: New employment land recommended in WWELS

Allocating the Figures at a Local Level 3.43 In order to deliver the proposed housing and employment development at the local level, it is important to understand how these figures will be interpreted in the case of each individual settlement. The Spatial Strategy seeks to allocate figures for each Market Town, together with an overall figure for all small towns and villages (Policy C settlements) in each area. Table 14 shows the housing and employment completions and commitments, as well as the housing windfall allowance for each individual Market Town and an overall figure for all small towns and villages in each area.

3.44 The next stage of the Methodology takes the form of a detailed role and function analysis of each settlement which has been identified as an appropriate location for development. This allows detailed figures for housing and employment development to be allocated to Market Towns (Policy B settlements).

3.45 In the case of the small towns and villages (Policy C settlements) the quantity of development is aggregated for each area. This is partly because less data on each settlement has been available for the role and function analysis at this level. The quantity of development at these settlements is also likely to be much less than at the market towns, and developments of over 10 dwellings will be exceptional. A Small Sites Allocation DPD will be produced following the Core Strategy, which will identify specific sites and levels of development for the smaller (Policy C1 and C2) settlements.

Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding allocated Estimated Total Dwellings Total net applications waiting for Total in Number of Dwellings rmissions at 2009 that sites at 2009 that are 5yr Windfall Currently in Planning Area Settlements completions S106 agreement Planning to be Allocated in the are expected to be expected to be Supply for System including 2006-2009 expected to be System Core Strategy completed completed 2021-2026 Windfall Allowance completed Devizes 600 560 0 60 1,220 70 1,290 Marlborough 50 240 0 0 290 70 350 East Wiltshire 2,970 Tidworth/Ludgershall 190 40 0 280 510 40 550 Small towns and 490 160 0 60 710 120 840 villages

Chippenham Chippenham 670 420 20 320 1,420 160 1,580 3,920 SSCT

Calne 360 190 0 30 580 60 640 Corsham 450 310 0 40 800 50 850 North Wilts Malmesbury 270 220 0 0 480 40 520 1,480 Wootton Bassett 70 380 170 100 720 50 770 Small towns and 410 360 0 30 800 150 950 villages

Trowbridge Trowbridge 740 1,280 680 160 2,860 150 3,010 2,990 SSCT

North Wilts West of Swindon 0 0 200 0 200 0 200 2,800

Bradford on Avon 50 250 0 0 300 40 340 Melksham 270 1,010 160 0 1,440 90 1,530 West Wilts Warminster 130 360 40 120 640 110 750 2,250 Westbury 370 230 0 350 940 50 990 Small towns and 170 190 10 0 380 70 440 villages Table 14: Completions, commitments, windfall and dwellings to be allocated in the Core Strategy for SSCTs, Market Towns, and small towns and villages * Small towns and villages relate to all development outside the named settlements in the Community Areas that approximate to the former Wiltshire district areas. All figures are rounded to the nearest 10, so may not total accurately.

3.46 The Kennet District Council document Making Places for the Future presented a number of different housing development figures for the Market Towns. North and West Wiltshire District Councils each undertook further work, but did not consult, on the numbers of dwellings to be developed at the Market Towns in their areas. The development figures proposed for each Market Town in this former district work are summarised in Table 15.

Ex District Market Towns (Policy B) Dwellings

Devizes 700 Kennet District Council Marlborough 200 Tidworth/Ludgershall 1,000 Calne 400 – 1,200 North Wiltshire District Corsham 200 - 400 Council Malmesbury 200 - 400 Wootton Bassett 200 - 400 Bradford on Avon 150 - 350 West Wiltshire District Melksham 2,000 - 2,500 Council Warminster 1,000 - 2,000 Westbury 750 - 1,250

Table 15: Number of dwellings proposed at each Market Town in former district work

3.47 The Spatial Strategy has sought to build on this work in the identification of the locations and quantities of development in Market Towns. However, some of the figures in Table 15 are ranges, and the former Kennet district figures cover only the period 2008-2021. Further work has therefore been undertaken to calculate new development figures for each Market Town in order to ensure a consistent, robust and sustainable Spatial Strategy.

3.48 The WWELS has made detailed recommendations on how the identified employment land requirement can be delivered. Sites are proposed for the short, medium and long term, at both the SSCTs and the seven Market Towns identified as suitable for employment growth.

3.49 The WWELS recommends that Market Towns other than the seven considered suitable for strategic growth should not be allocated strategic employment sites. The scale of growth here should be significantly smaller and in line with the policy aspiration to ensure that economic activity is appropriate to the scale of the settlement.

3.50 However, all of the other Market Towns have outstanding employment permissions and some have Local Plan allocations. These are taken into account in the Spatial Strategy. Further work will be required to confirm a suitable level of employment growth for these settlements, and to confirm whether the existing permissions will provide sufficient employment growth.

Role and Function Analysis of Market Towns 3.51 The next section describes the role and function analysis. Further details of this are contained in Appendix C. This section outlines how each Market Town has been assessed and sets out the information gathered in order to allocate appropriate levels of development to each.

3.52 The SSCTs have not been the subject of this detailed analysis. However, a Functional Analysis of Settlements informed the allocation of development to these settlements in the RSS. Appendix C also contains a brief overview of the findings of this study for Trowbridge and Chippenham.

3.53 The analysis of Market Towns aims to provide a detailed understanding of each town. The analysis utilises a number of datasets and community plans, together with research conducted both within the Council and elsewhere. Based on an improved understanding of how each settlement operates, the Spatial Strategy allocates housing and employment to each town. The role and function analysis has seven components, which are summarised below.

Housing and Employment 3.54 Housing need and affordability were examined using Housing Needs Studies undertaken by the former district councils, together with Strategic Housing Market Area Assessments. The concentration and mix of existing employment were used to indicate the self-containment and/or dormitory status of each town. This was accomplished using a number of different datasets, including the Annual Business Inquiry 2007 Workplace Analysis and the 2001 Census data. The employment potential for each town was addressed in the WWELS, and the results and findings of this report are included in the analysis. The Market Town Profiles report that assessed the “vulnerability” of each town also formed part of the analysis.

Facilities 3.55 The facilities of each town have been appraised subjectively, beyond the simple count of the settlement hierarchy, in order to gain a better understanding of each town centre function or activities, how it serves the surrounding rural hinterland, and its role in Wiltshire as a whole. A number of surveys were used, including Town Surveys by Wiltshire Council and Retail Needs Assessments. The analysis considered not only the retail offer and leisure facilities, but also the self-containment and interconnectivity of the settlements.

Transport 3.56 The Wiltshire Council Strategic Transport Assessment (2009) provides data on and assessment of sustainable transport options using broad indicators of accessibility, bus service provision and connectivity, rail access and frequency, highway capacity and journey to work trips for each settlement. This assessment also uses a scoring system to rank the settlements, which provides a useful comparison between individual settlements.

Developable Land and Environmental Constraints 3.57 The amount of Previously Developed Land (PDL) is measured, together with the levels of greenfield land and land development commitments. This information was taken from the Housing Land Availability and Employment Monitoring Reports produced by Wiltshire Council, and the 2008 Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment by Roger Tym and Partners for the Council. This element also includes information on built and natural environmental constraints, such as the Green Belt, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONBs), Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs) and conservation areas. The majority of the data on environmental constraints is held at Wiltshire Council on an up-to-date Geographical Information System (GIS).

Relevant Local and Community Plans 3.58 A review of Community Area Plans, Conservation Area Statements and other relevant local plans has been undertaken. A number of the plans are aspirational documents, whilst others are focused on particular topics. This review sought relevant information which could inform the Spatial Strategy, and was not intended to be a wholesale review of the documents.

Previous Consultations and Sustainability Appraisal 3.59 The results of the consultations undertaken by the former Wiltshire district councils have already been reviewed above. However, a further analysis was carried out on the results of previous consultations with the role and function analysis in mind, in order to develop a better understanding of the role of each settlement.

Infrastructure Capacity 3.60 A number of interviews and information gathering exercises have been carried out as part of the collection of evidence for strategic site allocations in the Core Strategy. This has provided information on barriers and/or concerns that may affect the amount of development appropriate at each location. The results have been summarised for each settlement.

The Role and Function Analysis of Small Towns and Villages 3.61 The role and function analysis for small towns and villages (RSS Policy C) is less intensive than that for Market Towns (Policy B). This analysis has been carried out in three stages. Value judgements have been made based on the indicators and the geographical location of these settlements. This has been necessary in order to differentiate between the two levels of small towns and villages (C1 and C2) in the Core Strategy.

Total Population, Households and Workplace population 3.62 An examination of the employment facilities, working population and total population has been undertaken to gauge the size of the employment offer for each settlement. This has included information about existing employment permissions and allocations.

Facilities, Access and Distance from Local Service Centre/SSCT 3.63 The basic facilities at each settlement were appraised in a similar manner to the Market Towns analysis. The access assessments were based on the Strategic Transport Assessment with extra weight given to the bus connectivity of each settlement. As a number of settlements were not included in this exercise, distance to the nearest service centre and the Journey to Work service (either Level 1 or 2) are included in the assessment. This provides an indication of the role of each small town and village and its supports for its rural hinterland. The data on facilities was obtained from the Rural Facilities Survey 2007 and Town Centre Profiles, and was supplemented by internet research.

Housing Need 3.64 The housing needs for each settlement have been obtained from the Wiltshire Affordable Housing Register. This data is based on choice-based lettings and is updated regularly. Each settlement has been assessed against the Wiltshire average to indicate a low, medium or high affordable housing need.

The Final Development Figures 3.65 Following the role and function analysis, the final development figures have been calculated for each Market Town and small town and village by Community Area. The allocation of housing and employment at each settlement level is linked to its current role, function and capacity, and also takes account of development that is currently in the planning system.

Market Towns 3.66 The final development figures presented in this Spatial Strategy for each Market Town include both the number of dwellings and the level of employment development currently expected to come forward. The number of dwellings will be presented in three categories:  The total number of dwellings to be built at each settlement in the period from 2006 to 2026;  The number of dwellings to be allocated through strategic sites;  The total number of dwellings to be built at each settlement in the period from 2009 to 2026. The strategic sites are discussed in the Strategic Sites background paper. This work confirms that the proposed development figures are deliverable, and that there are suitable sites available at each of the Market Towns.

3.67 The employment land figures for each settlement are presented as a single number, which includes the completions and commitments for each settlement and the recommended amount of new net employment land as part of the Delivery Plan for the WWELS. The recommended new employment land identified in the WWELS is separated into that which involves development on new sites, and that which involves the redevelopment and intensification of existing employment sites. These figures are all presented in Table 17.

Small Towns and Villages 3.68 The final development figures for small towns and villages are shown for each Community Area. Separate allocations for individual settlements are not given here. Further work has been undertaken to ensure that the small towns and villages of Wiltshire have the ability to deliver the amount of development that has been proposed. This has been carried out using a number of sources including:  Historic Completions Rates – These show that in the last ten years more houses have been delivered in these settlements than is being proposed for the whole RSS 20 year period of 2006 – 2026;  Affordable Housing Need – The role and function analysis has demonstrated that the level of affordable housing that is required in the small towns and villages in Wiltshire is very nearly equal to the total proposed development. While this might indicate that there is not enough development allocated to small towns and villages, it is unrealistic to assume that all the affordable housing needs can be met;  SHLAA – This has been used extensively in the work on Market Towns, both in this Spatial Strategy and in the Strategic Sites work. The SHLAA also contains some information on the capacity of sites other than those in the Market Towns. The indications from the SHLAA are that there is plenty of capacity on potential sites in small towns and villages to accommodate the levels of development proposed. It is important to note that the assessment of capacity by

the SHLAA is only an indication and further work on identifying sites will need to be carried out as part of a Small Sites Allocations DPD.

3.69 The Strategy has allocated indicative figures to the small towns and villages in each Community Area. The allocation for each area has been undertaken on a pro-rata basis, derived from completion rates between 2001 and 2009. These are only indicative figures and further work will be needed as part of a Small Sites Allocations DPD, to identify the exact amount of development that will be appropriate at small towns and villages in each Community Area.

3.70 At this level there are no specific targets for employment land. While rural employment is clearly a vital part of the function of these settlements, specific employment land policies for these smaller settlements will be addressed in the economic policies of the Core Strategy.

Unallocated Dwellings 3.71 In each part of Wiltshire, with the exception of the West of Swindon, a number of dwellings have been left unallocated. This “residual” amount of development is expected to come forward on smaller sites within urban areas. Prior to the final publication of the Core Strategy, work on both the identification of regeneration sites that will include some dwellings, and the review of employment sites which may recommend some development for mixed uses, will be undertaken. It is intended that this residual development takes place on PDL at key strategic urban sites. In the event that this does not happen, an equivalent level of housing will have to be reallocated to strategic sites at Market Towns or as part of the Small Sites Allocations DPD. Most likely it will be a combination of the two.

The Final Figures 3.72 Tables 16 and 17 display the final development figures for dwellings and employment land that are being recommended by this Spatial Strategy. Section 4 below details the approach and justification for the recommended figures.

Outstanding Outstanding Outstanding Estimated applications allocated Total net permissions 5yr Total to waiting for sites at 2009 Total in Total to dwelling at 2009 that Windfall Allocated be built Area Area Settlements S106 that are Planning be Built Residual completions are expected Supply Dwellings 2006 - Total agreement expected to System in RSS 2006-2009 to be for 2021- 2026 expected to be completed 2026 be complete completed Devizes 600 560 0 60 1,220 70 700 1,990 Marlborough 50 2340 0 0 290 70 250 600 East 5,690 6,000 320 Wiltshire Tidworth/Ludgershall 190 40 0 280 510 40 1,200 1,750 Small towns and 490 160 0 60 710 120 500 1,340 villages*

Chippenham Chippenham 670 420 20 320 1,420 160 3,650 5,230 5,230 5,500 270 SSCT

Calne 360 190 0 30 580 60 500 1,140 Corsham 450 310 0 40 800 50 100 950 North Wilts Malmesbury 270 220 0 0 480 40 200 720 4,930 5,200 280 Wootton Bassett 70 380 170 100 720 50 150 920 Small towns and 410 360 0 30 800 150 250 1,200 villages*

Trowbridge Trowbridge 740 1,280 680 160 2,860 150 2,650 5,660 5,660 6,000 340 SSCT

North Wilts West of Swindon 0 0 200 0 200 0 2,800 3,000 3,000 3,000 0

Bradford on Avon 48 250 0 0 300 40 150 490 Melksham 268 1,010 160 0 1,440 90 400 1,930 West Wilts Warminster 128 360 40 120 640 110 900 1,650 5,950 6,300 350 Westbury 366 230 0 350 940 50 300 1,290 Small towns and 169 190 10 0 380 70 150 590 villages* Table 16: Recommended housing development figures * Small towns and villages relate to all development outside the named settlements in the Community Areas that approximate to the former Wiltshire district areas. All figures are rounded to the nearest 10, so may not total accurately.

Area of Area of Area of Area of Total Area of Area of WWELS WWELS Employment Outstanding Outstanding Employment Recommended Total to be Recommended Area Total Area Settlements Land Permission/S106s Allocations for Land in Redeveloped built 2006 - New (ha) Completions for Employment Employment Planning Employment 2026 (ha) Employment 2006 - 2009 (ha) Land (ha) Land (ha) System (ha) Sites Sites Devizes 1.3 8.1 2.7 12 8.4 5.9 26.3 Marlborough 2.1 5.6 0 7.7 0 0 7.7 East 59.3 Wiltshire Tidworth/Ludgershall 0 13.1 0 13.1 0 0 13.1 Small towns and 1.7 3.4 7.1 12.1 0 0 12.2 villages

Chippenham Chippenham 0.7 11.3 15.2 27.2 29 1.4 57.6 57.6 SSCT

Calne 0 8.1 4.4 12.5 1.1 1.8 15.4 Corsham 0.7 35.2 3.4 39.2 0 0 39.2 Malmesbury 0.6 3.5 3.9 8 0 0 8 North Wilts 96.1 Wootton Bassett 0 3.5 3.9 7.5 4 1.5 13 Small towns and 7.4 4.7 3.1 15.1 0 0 15.1 villages Swindon*2 1.2 4.2 0 5.4 0 0 5.4

Trowbridge Trowbridge 0.3 22.3 4.5 27.1 23.7 0 50.8 50.8 SSCT

North Wilts West of Swindon 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0

Bradford on Avon 0.1 0.7 0 0.9 0 0 0.9 Melksham 6.4 3.8 7.6 17.8 8.6 0 26.4 West Wilts Warminster 1.7 6.5 4.1 12.3 7.3 0 19.6 106.1 Westbury 2 21.1 14 37.1 14.7 4.8 56.6 Small towns and 1.4 1.3 0 2.6 0 0 2.6 villages

Table 17: Recommended employment development figures

2 Swindon is included as a settlement owing to the fact that the Lydiard Field Industrial Estate which forms part of the continuous urban area of Swindon actually falls within the border of Wiltshire. While this will continue to contribute to completions in Wiltshire it is essentially a development that relates to Swindon. All figures are rounded to the nearest 10, so may not total accurately. 34

4. THE SPATIAL STRATEGY

Introduction 4.1 Wiltshire is a diverse, predominantly rural area. It forms part of the South West region, with Gloucestershire to the north, Somerset and the Bath and North East Somerset unitary authority to the west, and Dorset to the south. The eastern Wiltshire border adjoins the South East region, together with the counties of Oxfordshire, Berkshire and Hampshire, as well as the New Forest National Park. Swindon, which is historically part of Wiltshire, lies immediately to the north east.

Figure 3: Wiltshire in its strategic context

4.2 Wiltshire falls within three Housing Market Areas: the West of England, Swindon and Salisbury. It contains three Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: the Cotswolds, Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs, and the North Wessex Downs, as well as the Stonehenge, Avebury and associated sites World Heritage Site.

4.3 The M4 and main line railway from Bristol and South Wales to London, a transport corridor of national importance, passes through the northern part of Wiltshire, with two regionally important transport corridors, the A36 (Bristol to Southampton, with the A350 from the M4 via Chippenham, Trowbridge and Warminster as an important spur) and the A303 (Exeter to the M3), as well as various railway lines, through the west and south. There are also a number of international airports and major sea ports in close proximity to Wiltshire, including Bristol, Bournemouth and Southampton.

Housing and Employment 4.4 In the west and north of Wiltshire there are a number of larger market towns, while the east and south are characterised by smaller towns and a more rural setting, apart from the city of Salisbury, which is the largest Strategic Town in the Wiltshire Council administrative area. In recent years there has been a significant population increase in Wiltshire, which has been matched by housing growth. Although this is similar to many other parts of the South West, the situation is affected by Wiltshire’s proximity to the South East region, which has seen even larger population growth over the same period. The large population increases in the South East have led to development pressure on the edge of the South East region in areas such as Wiltshire, and particularly along the M4 corridor in the north of Wiltshire.

4.5 Overall, people who live in Wiltshire earn a wage above the national average, while people who work in Wiltshire earn below the national average. The market towns in the northern part of Wiltshire have benefitted from employment growth, particularly around the Chippenham area, due in part to their proximity to the M4 corridor. In contrast the western market towns are less economically buoyant. A decline in the traditional manufacturing industries has seen some major employment losses. Both the north and the west have seen significant increases in net out-commuting given the easy access to employment opportunities in the larger centres of Bath, Bristol and Swindon, and to other cities such as Reading, Cardiff and London. While this has benefitted economic growth, opportunities for employment within Wiltshire have suffered.

4.6 The eastern part of Wiltshire has the smallest population base, fewer large employment opportunities and has traditionally seen higher levels of out-commuting. To the south, the city of Salisbury is the dominant retail, cultural and employment centre. The employment base in the south is similar in size to that of the north and west. However, there is significantly less out-commuting from the southern part of Wiltshire. The eastern and southern areas are essentially rural in character, and a large part of each falls within the Salisbury Plain MOD training area, the use of which is likely to intensify. This will have a number of implications for Wiltshire.

Facilities, Retail and Leisure 4.7 Retail provision has generally increased across Wiltshire in terms of total floorspace, due mainly to the arrival of a number of larger retail outlets, mostly supermarkets, in recent years. However, retail needs studies and town centre surveys across the area have noted an overall decline in the number of outlets in both convenience and comparison stores. While this is true for a number of towns, there remain some, such as Devizes and Salisbury, where the retail sector continues to perform well. The retail studies across Wiltshire also note that in some of the towns the environmental quality

is relatively poor, yet most retain a number of historic buildings and conservation areas, often accompanied by detailed planning policies. The provision of cultural and leisure facilities can be described as inconsistent. Some towns, such as Tidworth, benefit from brand new facilities, while others have much older provision or a lack of facilities.

4.8 Wiltshire residents travel further afield for higher order retail and leisure services. Those in the north and west look to Bristol, Bath and Swindon for leisure and comparison shopping, but are well served in terms of convenience stores. Those in Salisbury and the south look beyond the New Forest to Southampton, Poole and Bournemouth. Salisbury is an established tourist destination and there are strong tourist links with these settlements. The more rural parts of Wiltshire depend on a number of larger settlements that lie just beyond the county boundary. For example, south west Wiltshire has shopping and leisure links with Shaftesbury and Gillingham, while the eastern fringe looks towards Andover and Newbury.

The Environment and Rural Communities 4.9 Wiltshire is characterised by extensive rural areas. These, and the communities within them, have undergone significant changes while trying to balance the competing demands of development and conservation. Rural businesses have had to change and diversify as a decline in agricultural employment has reduced employment opportunities in rural areas. The countryside has also experienced increasing demands from recreation and leisure, as well as from housing development. In small towns and villages, the nature of employment, retailing and leisure have seen important changes, brought about in particular by the ease of travel to larger centres for employment and other purposes. This has led to significant decline in the availability of local shops and other services and facilities, and a perceived “erosion” of traditional rural values. There is also growing concern over the availability of housing, especially affordable housing, for local people, despite significant levels of house building in recent years.

4.10 However, environmental protection does not just extend to the rural areas. Salisbury City has long had environmental protection policies, which have sought to balance development pressures with the need for conservation. The expanding market towns will need to continue to apply similar environmental protection policies to ensure that Wiltshire’s valuable historical and environmental heritage is not further eroded. Other demands on Wiltshire’s environment include mineral extraction and waste disposal. These can conflict with the protection and enhancement of the countryside and its environmental and historic assets. Many of these assets, together with the countryside and rural areas in general, form the basis for the Wiltshire’s tourism industry, and improve the quality of life for the local community. Wiltshire also provides unique natural habitats for a number of rare and important species. For example, Salisbury Plain is one of the largest areas of semi-natural grassland left in Europe.

The Settlement Hierarchy 4.11 The Spatial Strategy is based on Community Areas. This enables it to respond to the distinct local issues. The Community Areas in Wiltshire have been drawn up to reflect, as far as possible, “natural” communities which share patterns of local life. The Strategy is based on increasing the self-containment of areas and focuses development at those settlements which have a range of services and facilities where most local housing and employment needs can be met. Levels of development have been assigned to each Community Area on the basis of the size, role and function of each settlement.

4.12 Levels of housing and employment development have been allocated to each major town. In the case of the smaller settlements, the level of development proposed is indicative and is based on previous completion rates. Further work will be required to refine these figures. There are three tiers of settlement in Wiltshire.

Strategically Significant Cities and Towns (SSCTs) 4.13 Chippenham, Salisbury and Trowbridge are defined in the Regional Spatial Strategy Development Policy A as SSCTs. Regional policy proposes these as the primary focus for development. The intention is to safeguard and enhance their role as the leading service centres and transport hubs through the provision of housing and employment, together with supporting community facilities and infrastructure. This approach has been adopted by the Spatial Strategy for Wiltshire.

Market Towns 4.14 Market Towns are defined in RSS Development Policy B as those with a local service centre role. Their current levels of facilities, services and employment opportunities ensure that these towns are suitable locations for further housing and employment development, albeit to a lesser extent than the SSCTs. The Wiltshire Spatial Strategy proposes that Market Towns will be the focus of locally significant development that will not only increase the housing and employment offer of each town, but will also help to sustain the services and facilities and promote better levels of self- containment and viable sustainable communities.

4.15 The level of development at each Market Town has been the subject of extensive analysis. A range of evidence has been used to determine the role and function of each settlement and to address the issues and opportunities for each Community Area.

4.16 Following the assessment detailed in this Spatial Strategy, appropriate levels of housing and employment development have been identified in the case of strategic sites for each Strategically Significant and Market Town in Wiltshire. The balance of development for each settlement and Community Area will be in the form of existing permissions and local plan allocations, windfall sites and a number of regeneration sites and small development sites which will be identified later in the Core Strategy process.

Smaller Towns and Villages 4.17 The third level of the settlement hierarchy contains two types of settlement, known as C1 and C2. These consist of smaller towns and villages where the opportunity exists to strengthen the local communities and to promote greater their self-containment.

4.18 The Spatial Strategy identifies C1 settlements as those small towns and larger villages which serve as service centres for their surrounding rural hinterland. They possess a level of facilities and services that offers the basis for greater self- containment, together with improved local employment opportunities. The Spatial Strategy proposes that modest level of development will be permitted in these settlements in order to safeguard the existing facilities and to meet identified affordable housing needs. Such development will consist predominantly of small sites.

4.19 C2 settlements consist of smaller villages with a limited range of services and facilities and with a smaller role as local centres within their rural areas. Development in these villages development will be limited to that which meets purely local needs. This will take the form of infill within existing settlement boundaries and will consist of replacement or redevelopment and small housing sites only.

4.20 Housing development in small towns and villages must be in character with the scale and appearance of the existing settlement, and will need to take account of a number of other factors, including the maintenance or enhancement of environmental quality, due consideration to landscape and local design statements and housing need. A Small Sites Allocations Development Plan Document is likely to identify smaller housing sites at these settlements. The preparation of this will follow the adoption of the Wiltshire Core Strategy.

Settlements Considered Unsuitable for Development. 4.21 At settlements other than those identified in the hierarchy, new development will be restricted and will be permitted only in exceptional circumstances. Examples include:  Rural Exceptions Sites – developments which consist entirely of affordable housing;  Essential Workers’ Accommodation – accommodation essential for the needs of agriculture or forestry or other employment crucial to the protection and enhancement of the countryside;  Conservation of Historic Buildings – where the conversion of a listed building to residential use is the only viable economic means of conservation. Policies will be developed later in the Core Strategy process which will seek to identify the circumstances in which such exceptional developments may be appropriate.

The Spatial Strategy by Community Area 4.22 Figure 4 below illustrates Wiltshire’s Community Areas, together with the settlement hierarchy of Strategically Significant Towns shown in red, Market Towns in orange, and small towns and villages in yellow. Smaller villages and rural settlements are not shown. Figure 4 also shows the relative position of the area covered by the South Wiltshire Core Strategy.

Figure 4: Wiltshire Community Areas and Settlement Hierarchy

4.23 The tables below summarise the findings of the Spatial Strategy for each Community Area. The tables include the conclusions of the role and function analysis and the amount of development which will be allocated to each settlement in the Core Strategy.

Bradford on Avon Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 617 (31 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 197 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 511 (30 per annum) Market Town: Bradford on Avon Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 486 (24 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated to Strategic Sites Core 150 Strategy Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 438 (26 per annum) Employment Land 0.9 hectares

Bradford on Avon is one of the smaller Market Towns in Wiltshire. The town has a high level of out-commuting, particularly to Bath and Bristol, in part due to its good public transport connections, including regular rail services. However, there is a need to improve the balance between housing and employment in the town. The town features a number of important historic buildings, along with the Kennet and Avon Canal, and is a popular tourist destination. There are a large number of building and environmental constraints in and around Bradford on Avon, particularly the Western Wiltshire Green Belt, which surrounds the town, and an Air Quality Monitoring Area in the town centre. The town retains a good level of services and facilities. Bradford on Avon is the least affordable settlement in West Wiltshire and so the provision of any new housing should be focused on more affordable homes. Despite the constraints, a strategic development site will be allocated for the town in the Core Strategy. This will consist of a mixed use development, in order to improve employment provision, to assist in improving the self-containment of the town and also to help facilitate the continuing improvement of local services and facilities.

Small Towns/Main Villages: None Small Villages: Holt, Staverton, Westwood & Winsley Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 131 (7 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 47

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 73 (4 per annum) 2026

There are four smaller villages in the Bradford on Avon Community Area. Despite some of these settlements, particularly Winsley, having a good level of services, the two larger villages have a medium to low affordable housing need and all of the settlements are in close proximity to larger strategic towns. At these villages some limited infill development will be appropriate to address local housing needs.

Calne Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,270 (64 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 539 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 862 (51 per annum) Market Town: Calne Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,139 (57 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 500 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 780 (46 per annum) Employment Land 15.4 hectares

Calne is one of the larger Market Towns in Wiltshire and has seen significant housing and employment development in recent years. Calne has been identified as a strategic employment centre and retains a number of employment sites that are able to accommodate significant employment growth in the future. However, improvements in services and facilities do not seem to have kept pace with recent housing and employment developments. Calne town centre has been identified as suffering from a lack of investment over recent years and, despite some progress, some areas are in need of regeneration. Calne also suffers from a fairly significant level of out- commuting, probably linked to its location between the larger settlements of Chippenham and Swindon. Nevertheless, it is proposed that Calne should have a substantial housing allocation. The allocation of an additional 500 dwellings is intended to support the investment in employment and to improve services and facilities in the town. The priority for Calne must be to invest in services and facilities and increase its self-containment by delivering much-needed town centre improvements.

Small Towns/Main Villages: None Small Villages: Derry Hill/Studley & Heddington Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 131 (7 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 39

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 82 (5 per annum) 2026

There are two small villages in the Calne Community Area. Despite the lack of a daily store at Heddington, it is appropriate to designate it as a Policy C settlement due to its high affordable housing need, together with its relatively isolated rural location. Derry Hill, Studley and Heddington will be the appropriate location for limited infill development in order to respond to local housing needs.

Chippenham Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 5,465 (273 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 3,718 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 4,710 (277 per annum) Strategically Significant City or Town: Chippenham Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 5,229 (261 per annum) Number of Dwelling Allocated in Core Strategy 3,650 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 4,561 (268 per annum) Employment Land 39 hectares

Chippenham is one of the most significant employment centres in Wiltshire and has experienced significant employment growth in recent years. Chippenham is identified as a Strategically Significant Town within the RSS and as a result is a key location for employment and housing growth within Wiltshire. Numerous regeneration opportunities exist within the town, which will improve both the retail offer and the overall urban environment. The Chippenham Vision consists of a number of public and private partners who have begun to develop a strategy to deliver regeneration and improve the town centre environment and its linkages. The town centre allocation of significant quantities of both housing and employment land reflects the town’s regional importance, its potential to improve self-containment and the opportunity to enhance its economic activity. In recent years there has been a limited supply of available housing land. This is being addressed in the Core Strategy to ensure that land is available for both the required housing and employment growth. Development will benefit from good connectivity afforded by the M4 and intercity rail links.

Small Towns/Main Villages: Yatton Keynell Christian Malford, Small Villages: Hullavington & Kington St Michael Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 236 (12 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 68

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 149 (9 per annum) 2026 Yatton Keynell in the single large village in the Chippenham Community Area. Since it contains a reasonable level of rural services and facilities and has an identified affordable housing need, a modest level of development will therefore be appropriate. The smaller villages of Christian Malford, Hullavington and Kington St Michael will be appropriate for some limited infill development in order to respond to local housing needs.

Corsham Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,059 (53 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 120 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 561 (33 per annum) Market Town: Corsham Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 951 (48 per annum) Number of Dwelling Allocated in Core Strategy 100 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 499 (29 per annum) Employment Land 59.2 hectares

Corsham is one of the smaller Market Towns in Wiltshire and is subject to a number of constraints. Nevertheless, there has been a high level of housing completions in recent years, above and beyond what might be expected for a town of Corsham's size. Despite the continuing military presence, which greatly improves the town’s employment offer, there are fewer facilities and services than might be expected, and the town continues to see high levels of out-commuting. There are a number of outstanding housing permissions and, as a result of this, it is proposed to limit the number of new housing allocations in the town. There is a need for better self- containment and for improved services and facilities. If and when this takes place, there are a number of employment sites that might be available in the long term. The continuing presence of the MoD should assist Corsham to attract employment options. However, the long term development of the town is closely linked to the military presence, while the need to increase self-containment confirms that a limited allocation of new housing is appropriate.

Small Towns/Main Villages: Box & Colerne Small Villages: Lacock Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 108 (5 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 35

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 62 (4 per annum) 2026

There are two large villages in the Corsham Community Area, Box and Colerne. Both of these provide a relatively good level of rural services and facilities and both have an identified affordable housing need. Some modest development will therefore be appropriate at these settlements. Some limited development will be appropriate in the smaller village of Lacock in order to respond to local housing needs, but this will be limited due to the many constraints on the village.

Devizes Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 2,422 (121 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 914 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,641 (97 per annum) Market Town: Devizes Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,993 (100 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 700 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,394 (82 per annum) Employment Land 26.3 hectares

Devizes is one of the larger Market Towns in Wiltshire and has traditionally been the focus of development in the east of Wiltshire. There have been a number of recent housing completions at Devizes and there remain a large number of dwellings with outstanding consent. Devizes has a large employment base and a reasonable amount of land available for employment. It has been identified as a location for strategic employment growth despite its slightly isolated location away from the major transport corridors that run through Wiltshire. Devizes town centre retains a good level of services and facilities and has a unique cultural offer. Despite some environmental constraints, there is a reasonable amount of developable land in and around Devizes. However, the traffic model for Devizes has suggested that a maximum of 700 dwellings can be accommodated in the town before the road network reaches a critical level.

Great Cheverell, Market Small Towns/Main Villages: Lavington, Urchfont & West Lavington / Littleton Pannell Small Villages: Bromham & Potterne Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 429 (21 per annum) - 2026) Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 214 Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 247 (15 per annum) 2026

There are four large villages in the Devizes Community Area. They provide a good level of rural facilities, particularly Market Lavington, which is one of the larger villages. Their relatively isolated rural setting means that they are appropriate for modest levels of development. Three of these settlements, Great Cheverell, Market Lavington and West Lavington/Littleton Pannell, are in close proximity to each other and perform complementary roles. Further detailed work will consider this relationship. The smaller villages of Bromham and Potterne are appropriate for some limited infill to respond to local housing needs. One of the key factors for the identification of Potterne as suitable only for infill development is its proximity to Devizes.

Malmesbury Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,113 (56 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 324 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 702 (41 per annum) Market Town: Malmesbury Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 717 (36 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 200 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 451 (27 per annum) Employment Land 8 hectares

Uniquely in Wiltshire for a market town of its size, Malmesbury experiences a good level of in-commuting from surrounding settlements. However, the town is highly constrained environmentally and has a number of attractive and historic buildings characterised by its proximity to the Cotswolds. In the past there has been a reliance on a single employer. However, despite a number of changes in recent years, this has not affected the overall amount of employment in Malmesbury. Malmesbury retains a good level of services and facilities and has a number of larger villages in its rural hinterland which themselves retain a reasonable level of services. There has been a high level of development in the Community Area as a whole. With a relatively large number of residential permissions outstanding across the Community Area, it is proposed that further housing allocations at Malmesbury will be limited. Nevertheless, Malmesbury has been identified as the least affordable settlement in the north Wiltshire area. The small housing allocation recognises the need to continue to support employment, services and facilities in the Community Area as a whole and to address the issue of housing affordability.

Ashton Keynes & Small Towns/Main Villages: Sherston Great Somerford & Small Villages: Luckington Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 396 (20 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 124

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 251 (15 per annum) 2026

There are two large villages in the Malmesbury Community Area, Ashton Keynes and Sherston. These provide a reasonable level of rural services and facilities. Modest levels of development will be appropriate, although there is an existing allocation at Ashton Keynes which may fulfil development requirements there. The smaller villages of Great Somerford, Luckington and Oaksey will include some limited infill to respond to local housing needs.

Marlborough Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 849 (42 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 375 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 721 (42 per annum) Market Town: Marlborough Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 604 (30 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 250 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 553 (33 per annum) Employment Land 7.7 hectares

Marlborough is one of the smaller Market Towns in Wiltshire and, despite a reasonable level of employment, suffers from its isolated rural setting. Marlborough has seen relatively few housing completions over recent years and is one of the least affordable settlements in Wiltshire. The employment base is fairly large for a town of its size and there is relatively little out-commuting compared with other settlements in Wiltshire. Marlborough is well served in terms of facilities and has a good independent retail offer, possibly due to its status as a tourist destination. Marlborough is heavily constrained by environmental factors and its rural location means it lies at some distance from the main transport corridors that run through Wiltshire. The quantity of housing and employment development allocated to Marlborough is limited due both to the constrained nature of the town and to its location. Nevertheless, the allocation of a strategic housing development at Marlborough is justified in order to support employment, to help retain and enhance services and facilities, and help address the need for affordable housing. Small Towns/Main Villages: Aldbourne & Ramsbury Small Villages: Baydon & Broad Hinton Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 245 (12 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 125

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 168 (10 per annum) 2026

There are two large villages in the Marlborough Community Area, Aldbourne and Ramsbury. These provide a reasonable level of rural services and facilities and their relatively isolated rural location means they are appropriate locations for modest additional development. The smaller villages of Baydon and Broad Hinton are appropriate for some limited infill to respond to local housing needs. Their isolated rural location necessitates some development to support the rural communities they serve.

Melksham Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 2,035 (102 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 440 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,754 (103 per annum) Market Town: Melksham Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,930 (97 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 400 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,662 (98 per annum) Employment Land 26.4 hectares

Melksham is one of the larger Market Towns in Wiltshire. A large number of existing permissions for housing exist in the town. These include a planned urban extension to the east of Melksham of around 700 dwellings. Melksham has been identified as suitable for strategic employment growth. Future housing growth in the town will help support Melksham as a strategic employment centre. While the town retains a good level of facilities, it is noted that the town centre and its retail offer have suffered in recent years. For this reason, regeneration ambitions for the town centre should remain a priority. The A 350 provides an important north/south route adjacent to Melksham and the potential exists to increase the frequency of rail services. The town lies in close proximity to both Chippenham and Trowbridge. Due to the large number of dwellings in Melksham which already have planning permission, the strategic housing allocation will be proportionately low. Although additional employment sites are already allocated in Melksham in the existing local plan, additional sites will still need to be identified. It is important that new development provides a good balance between housing growth and new job creation, thus helping to improve the self-containment of the town.

Small Towns/Main Villages: Atworth Codford, Seend & Steeple Small Villages: Ashton Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 105 (5 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 57

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 92 (5 per annum) 2026

Atworth is the only large village in the Melksham Community Area. This provides a reasonable level of rural services and facilities and is the focus of some employment. For these reasons, Atworth is considered an appropriate location for a modest level of development. The smaller villages of Seend and Steeple Ashton are considered to be suitable locations for only modest levels of infill development, in order to respond to local housing needs.

Pewsey Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 517 (26 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 216 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 339 (20 per annum) Market Town: None Burbage, Great Bedwyn, Small Towns/Main Villages: Pewsey & Upavon Small Villages: Shalbourne Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 517 (26 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 216

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 339 (20 per annum) 2026

Pewsey is unique among the Community Areas of Wiltshire in that it does not contain a Strategic or Market Town. Nevertheless, Pewsey is the largest Policy C settlement in Wiltshire and possesses a good range of facilities and services. Pewsey is well supported by Burbage, Great Bedwyn and Upavon, which has a small military presence and a concentration of employment. All these also contain good levels of rural facilities and services. Modest growth at these settlements, in line with their roles and the extent of the rural hinterlands they serve, will support the communities of the Pewsey area. The smaller village of Shalbourne will include some limited infill to enable it to respond to local housing needs.

Tidworth Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,899 (95 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 1,268 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,658 (98 per annum) Market Town: Tidworth/Ludgershall Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,752 (88 per annum) Number of Dwelling Allocated in Core Strategy 1,200 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,564 (92 per annum) Employment Land 13.1 hectares

Tidworth/Ludgershall is a unique market town in Wiltshire as it actually consists of two settlements which are being planned for jointly. The long term ambition to develop the two together, due to their complementary natures, should enable the creation of a more sustainable community overall. A significant amount of employment land has been indentified and made available at Castledown Business Park, and recent leisure and retail developments have also taken place at Tidworth. The number of MoD personnel is set to increase in Tidworth and, if a better balance between military and civilian personnel is to be achieved, there needs to be significant amount of development in the area. The location of Tidworth and Ludgershall close to the A303, a regionally important transport route, together with the existing expertise and unexplored employment potential of MoD personnel, should create an attractive proposition for potential employers. However, there remains some out-commuting to the nearby large town of Andover. Nevertheless, the proposed substantial development allocations at Tidworth and Ludgershall recognise the relatively unconstrained nature of these settlements and their existing development potential. However, it is important that this development should be balanced and that employment and community facilities should be promoted alongside residential development.

Small Towns/Main Villages: Netheravon Collingbourne Ducis & Small Villages: Collingbourne Kingston Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 147 (7 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 68

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 94 (6 per annum) 2026 Netheravon is the single large village in the Tidworth Community Area. It provides a reasonable level of rural services and facilities and has an indentified affordable housing need. It will therefore be an appropriate location for a modest level of development. The smaller villages of Collingbourne Ducis and Collingbourne Kingston will be appropriate for limited infill development in order to respond to local housing needs.

Trowbridge Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 5,788 (289 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 2,689 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 5,002 (294 per annum) Trowbridge (including Strategically Significant City or Town: Hilperton) Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 5,656 (283 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 2,650 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 4,918 (289 per annum) Employment Land 50.8 hectares

Trowbridge is one of the three Strategically Significant Towns in Wiltshire. As the county town, it continues to function as an important employment, administration and service centre. Regeneration and development opportunities exist within the town, which could help improve its self-containment. Although the enhancement of the town centre remains a priority, the Transforming Trowbridge Initiative, launched in 2002 with an emphasis on urban design, place shaping and the improvement of the public realm, has delivered a number of successes. Several further large scale redevelopment schemes are being progressed, which will help to improve the connectivity of facilities in the town centre. Trowbridge is served by good transport links, including the Bristol to Southampton railway line. Trowbridge has been allocated a significant proportion of both housing and employment growth, in accordance with its strategic status. Development will support and enhance the retail and employment offer within the town, thus improving its self-containment and sustainability.

Small Towns/Main Villages: None Small Villages: Southwick Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 132 (7 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 39

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 84 (5 per annum) 2026

There is single small village in the Trowbridge Community Area. Southwick has an indentified affordable housing need and will therefore be appropriate for some limited infill development to help to sustain the local community.

Warminster Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,767 (88 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 943 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,616 (95 per annum) Market Town: Warminster Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,648 (82 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 900 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,520 (89 per annum) Employment Land 19.6 hectares

Warminster functions as an important service centre for a number of rural settlements in south west Wiltshire and is itself one of the larger employment centres in the county. The town has been identified as a location for strategic employment growth. A number of available employment sites are located within the built up area. Warminster stands on the western edge of Salisbury Plain and has a significant military presence. Warminster offers a good range of services and facilities and has a successful and expanding retail centre. The town is located near two regionally significant transport corridors, the A36 and the Bristol to Southampton railway line. Warminster Town Council has recently appointed consultants to prepare a Town Plan, and the regeneration of the town centre will be supported through the Core Strategy. A relatively large housing allocation for Warminster would also help to increase the vitality and viability of the town centre, whilst helping to enhance the range of services and facilities provided. Strategic employment growth is also appropriate to ensure that Warminster maintains its role as an important local centre and in order to deliver balanced, sustainable development. The level of housing development in Warminster has been lower in recent years than in neighbouring towns.

An issue has been identified through the Habitats Regulations Assessment (HRA) relating to raised water phosphate concentrations derived from the town’s sewage treatment works. This will need to be resolved satisfactorily in order for any strategic housing development to be able to take place in the town.

Small Towns/Main Villages: None Small Villages: Codford & Heytesbury Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 119 (6 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 43

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 96 (6 per annum) 2026

There are two small villages in the Warminster Community Area, Codford and Heytesbury. Both have indentified affordable housing needs, but possess limited facilities. They will therefore require some limited infill development to be able to respond to local housing need.

Westbury Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,391 (70 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 331 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 998 (59 per annum) Market Town: Westbury Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,292 (65 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 300 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 926 (54 per annum) Employment Land 56.6 hectares

Westbury is an important market town located between Trowbridge and Warminster. The town has seen significant housing development in recent years. However, additional improvements in infrastructure and an increase in service and facilities provision are needed to match this housing growth. Westbury continues to see high levels of out-commuting and this is in part due to the proximity of Trowbridge, together with the town’s excellent rail links. Nevertheless, Westbury has been identified as a location of strategic employment growth and this will provide the opportunity to enhance the services and facilities in the town and to improve it self-containment. A number of outstanding allocations for housing and employment already exist in Westbury, together with a number of planning permissions for a large number of houses. Partly for this reason, the number of additional dwellings to be allocated in the town in the Core Strategy will be relatively low. The improvement of the town’s services and facilities should be considered a priority.

Small Towns/Main Villages: Bratton Small Villages: Dilton Marsh Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 99 (5 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 31

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 72 (4 per annum) 2026

Bratton is the single large village in the Westbury Community Area. It provides a reasonable level of rural services and facilities and a modest amount of development will therefore be appropriate. The smaller village of Dilton Marsh will include some limited infill in order to respond to local housing needs.

Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area Community Area: Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 1,447 (72 per annum) Number of Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 280 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 1,286 (76 per annum) Market Town: Wootton Bassett Total Dwellings to be Built in RSS Period (2006 - 2026) 923 (46 per annum) Number of Dwellings Allocated in Core Strategy 150 Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 2026 849 (50 per annum) Employment Land 13 hectares

Wootton Bassett is one of the larger Market Towns in Wiltshire, but its proximity to Swindon means that there is a high level of out-commuting. The town has a medium sized employment base with potential to expand on existing sites and further existing undeveloped employment allocations in the current local plan. Wootton Bassett has been identified as a location for significant employment growth. There is a sizeable MoD presence in the Community Area at the Lyneham RAF base, whose future is uncertain. While Wootton Bassett is generally unconstrained in terms of both the built and natural environments, there are road capacity issues around junction 16 of the M4. Public transport links with Swindon are limited to a bus service. A high proportion of commuters travel by car. There have been a number of recent planning permissions for housing in Wootton Bassett. This, together with the proposed strategic housing development to the West of Swindon, has resulted in a limited additional housing allocation at Wootton Bassett, to be delivered after 2016, and a concentration on improving employment opportunities, services and facilities within the town.

Cricklade, Lyneham & Small Towns/Main Villages: Purton, Small Villages: None Indicative Total Dwellings be Built in RSS Period (2006 524 (40 per annum) - 2026)

Indicative Total Dwellings Proposed in Core Strategy 130

Indicative Number of Dwellings to be Built from 2009 - 437 (26 per annum) 2026

There are three C1 settlements in the Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area, Cricklade, Lyneham and Purton. These three settlements are all of considerable size and are among some of the larger small towns and villages in Wiltshire. However, they should receive modest levels of development, partly due to the proximity of Cricklade and Purton and their dormitory relationship with Swindon as well as the proposed West of Swindon urban extension and the impending closure of RAF Lyneham. There are no smaller villages.

Development to the West of Swindon

In addition to the levels of housing and employment development proposed for the Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area, a further 3,000 dwellings are proposed in that part of Wiltshire immediately to the West of Swindon. Following the recent grant of planning permission for 200 dwellings at Mardon Bridge, 2,800 additional dwellings will be allocated in the Core Strategy.

Justifying the Spatial Strategy 4.24 The Spatial Strategy has taken account of the RSS in its allocation of residential and employment development to the Community Areas and main settlements in north, west and east Wiltshire. However, it is firmly rooted in national policy and is based on an analysis of local needs. The six national development principles described in Section 1 above are the foundation for the Strategy, as the following commentary explains.

National Development Principles 2 & 3 4.25 The Spatial Strategy has focused strategic and local growth at those larger settlements and service centres in Wiltshire (Strategic and Market Towns) which possess the appropriate range of facilities and employment opportunities to support this development. Settlements in the third tier (small towns and villages) have also been identified where affordable housing needs, employment opportunities and services and facilities are nevertheless of local significance.

National Development Principle 4 4.26 The focus of the Strategy in a rural area like Wiltshire seeks to strengthen and protect rural communities. The Strategy includes provision for a large number of smaller (Policy C) settlements which support the role of the service centres and Market Towns and which will in turn enable the rural communities to thrive. The inclusion of a “C1” settlement type has responded directly to national policy in PPS7 through the identification of settlements which use their potential growth to strengthen their wider service function.

National Development Principle 5 4.27 Sustainable transport is one of the most difficult issues to address in rural areas. The Spatial Strategy has taken full account of transport in its assessment. It has made the realistic choice to promote development only where sustainable transport methods exist, rather than to seek to spread development more widely.

National Development Principles 1 & 6 4.28 The Strategy has sought to promote social inclusion and to underpin sustainable development by ensuring that housing and employment needs are met in the appropriate locations. Ultimately, the provision of affordable housing and access to services enables social inclusion. However, the Strategy has sought to achieve this by focusing growth in centres with the ability to absorb this growth without undue detrimental effects on the environment. Such environmental considerations, the concentration of employment at strategic locations and the promotion of affordable housing help to ensure that sustainability lies at the heart of this Spatial Strategy.

Sustainability Appraisal 4.29 The emerging Wiltshire Core Strategy is subject to a Sustainability Appraisal (SA). The SA process is continuous throughout the planning process and an SA Report is the subject of a separate public consultation. The SA will be updated throughout the preparation of the Core Strategy. The initial SA assessment has focused on the Issues and Options for Spatial Growth published by the former District Councils in Wiltshire during 2007 and 2008. These are referred to in paragraph 3.8 above. Detailed assessment has also been undertaken in respect of potential sites for the locating strategic development. The resulting locations for development contained in the Core Strategy should therefore reflect fully sustainable principles.

56 APPENDIX A

THE SETTLEMENT HIERARCHY

Purpose In order to ensure a consistent and robust Spatial Strategy, a detailed study of small towns and villages has been undertaken to identify which perform the role of Policy C settlements.

Scoring System The Settlement Hierarchy has regard to the requirements of the RSS in terms of both Market Towns (Policy B settlements) and small towns and villages (Policy C settlements). It also took account of national policy, using indicators to evaluate each settlement.

SSCTs and Market Towns have been included in the Settlement Hierarchy to allow a better understanding of how small towns and villages fit within the overall range of settlements, together with the factors which differentiate the two levels. The scoring system was designed to group settlements which display similar characteristics.

The Indicators Used There are three indicators: facilities, employment and transport. These are detailed below, together with the threshold set for each level of Settlement.

Facilities  Retail - Supermarket and Basic Food Shop  Cultural/Entertainment - At least one of Cinema, Theatre, Library, Museum/Gallery, Tourist Information Point  Faith - Places of Worship  Education - Education for 4-16 years  Health - GP Surgery Threshold: Potential Policy C settlements to have a basic food shop and at least one other facility.

Employment  Number Employed at the Settlement  Existing Outstanding Permissions and Local Plan Allocations  Area of Sites included in the Workspace Strategy Threshold: There is no threshold set for Policy C settlements due to the lack of a pattern of employment sites at smaller settlements in Wiltshire.

Sustainable Transport  Total Transport Assessment Score  Journey to Work Service (JTW) (it should be noted the JTW comes from the Rural Facilities Survey. Settlements not included in this survey are the larger ones and are assumed to have the highest JTW service - JTW1) Threshold: Policy C settlements to have a Journey to Work Service.

Results The results of this analysis, although helpful, were not comprehensive enough on their own to identify settlements as small towns and villages (Policy C) without further analysis. At this stage, the Settlement Hierarchy did not differentiate between ‘C1’ and ‘C2’. The role and function analysis, however, not only looks at the amount of development that can be directed to that settlement, but also ensures that each settlement identified is an appropriate for location for development.

How to use the Settlement Hierarchy The table below summarises the results of the information gathered for the Settlement Hierarchy analysis. The data sources used are listed below and the corresponding numbers listed in the first row of the spreadsheet indicates the appropriate data source.

1. Internet Searches and Local Knowledge 2. Rural Facilities Survey 3. Town Centre Retail Surveys 4. 2001 Census 5. Annual Business Inquiry Statistics 2007 & 2009 6. Employment Land Monitoring Report 2008 7. Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 8. Strategic Transport Assessment

Following the analysis, the settlements considered inappropriate for development have been left grey in the maps for each Community Area in Appendix C.

Indentified Settlements The settlements which have subsequently been subject to the role and function analysis in Appendix C are listed below.

Aldbourne Great Bedwyn Purton Ashley Great Cheverell Ramsbury Ashton Keynes Great Somerford Roundway Atworth Heytesbury Rudloe Baydon Holt Seend Box Hook Shalbourne Bradenstoke Hullavington Sherston Bratton Kington St Michael Southwick Broad Hinton Lacock Stanton St Quintin Bromham Longbridge Deverill Staverton Burbage Lower Stanton St Quintin Steeple Ashton Christian Malford Luckington Upavon Codford Lyneham Urchfont Colerne Market Lavington West Lavington / Littleton Collingbourne Ducis Milbourne Pannell Collingbourne Kingston Monkton Farleigh Westwood Corsham Road / Notton Netheravon Whitley Cricklade Nettleton Winsley Derry Hill / Studley Oaksey Yarnbrook Dilton Marsh Pewsey Yatton Keynell Fyfield Potterne

Area of Area of Area of 1 or more Outstandin Potential Education GP Daily/ Outstandin sites put Total cultural or Places of No. g Journey to Allocation Supermarket for 4-11 Surgery Basic General g forward to Transport Settlement Community Area entertainment Worship Employed in Permissio Work Service in (1 & 3) year olds (1, 2 & Facilities Store (1, Allocation the Assessment options (1, 2 & (1, 2 & 3) (4 & 5) n/S106s (2) Settlement (1, 2 & 3) 3) 2 & 3) s for B use workspace Score (8) 3) for B use Hierarchy (6) strategy (7) (6) Chippenham Chippenham Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 15775 11.3 15.2 110.17 n/a JTW Level 1 Policy A Trowbridge Trowbridge Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 19291 22.3 4.5 78.82 n/a JTW Level 1 Bradford-on-Avon Bradford-on-Avon Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 2486 0.65 0.00 4.5 61 JTW Level 1 Calne Calne Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 4147 2.77 4.39 46.6 33 JTW Level 1 Corsham Corsham Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 3753 18.18 3.36 21.5 37 JTW Level 1 Devizes Devizes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 7313 8.12 2.67 103.1 37 JTW Level 1 Malmesbury/Burton Hill Malmesbury Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 4656 3.36 3.93 14.0 37 JTW Level 1 Policy B Policy C Policy B Policy Marlborough Marlborough Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 3649 6.29 1.22 14.2 39 JTW Level 1 Melksham/Bowerhill Melksham Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 7758 5.12 7.59 120.1 49 JTW Level 1 Ludgershall Tidworth Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 1772 14.22 0 23.3 40 JTW Level 1 Tidworth Tidworth Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 4401 0 0 3.4 47 JTW Level 1 Warminster Warminster Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 7308 1.88 4.09 70.5 60 JTW Level 1 Westbury Westbury Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 3895 16.74 14.02 182.8 64 JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Wootton Bassett Cricklade Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 3999 3.53 4.19 31.1 42 JTW Level 1 Holt Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 442 0 0 11.4 31 JTW Level 1 Monkton Farleigh Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes No No 2 Yes 112 0 0 0.0 23 JTW Level 1 Staverton Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 517 0 0 0.0 21 JTW Level 1 Westwood Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 157 0 0 0.0 31 JTW Level 1 Winsley Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 257 0 0 0.0 36 JTW Level 1 Derry Hill / Studley Calne No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 376 0 0 0.0 30 JTW Level 1 Christian Malford Chippenham No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 98 0 0 0.0 30 JTW Level 2 Hullavington Chippenham No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 197 0 0 0.0 33 JTW Level 2 Kington St Michael Chippenham No No Yes Yes No 4 Yes 162 0 0 0.0 20 JTW Level 2 Lower Stanton St Quintin Chippenham No No No No No 2 Yes Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Nettleton Chippenham No No Yes No No 2 Yes 171 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Stanton St Quintin Chippenham No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 82 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Yatton Keynell Chippenham No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 181 0 0 0.0 24 JTW Level 2 Ashley Corsham No No No No No 2 Yes Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Box Corsham No Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 380 0 0 0.0 40 JTW Level 1 Colerne Corsham No No Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 261 0 0 0.0 20 JTW Level 2 Corsham Road / Notton Corsham No No No No No 2 Yes Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Lacock Corsham No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 181 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Rudloe Corsham No No No No No 2 Yes 316 0 0 52.2 No Data JTW Level 1 Bromham Devizes No No Yes Yes No 4 Yes 386 0 0 0.2 No Data JTW Level 2 Great Cheverell Devizes No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 151 0 0 0.0 18 JTW Level 2 Market Lavington Devizes No Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 435 0 4.09 4.4 29 JTW Level 2 Potterne Devizes No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 245 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Roundway Devizes No No No No No 2 Yes 1579 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Urchfont Devizes No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 183 0 0 0.0 20 JTW Level 2 West Lavington / Littleton Pannell Devizes No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 517 0 0 0.0 34 JTW Level 2 Ashton Keynes Malmesbury No No Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 589 0 0 0.0 19 JTW Level 2 Great Somerford Malmesbury No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 126 0 0 0.0 18 JTW Level 2 Luckington Malmesbury No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 193 0 0 0.0 32 JTW Level 2 Milbourne Malmesbury No No No No No 2 Yes Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Oaksey Malmesbury No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 101 0 0 0.0 19 JTW Level 2 Sherston Malmesbury No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 416 0 0 0.0 31 JTW Level 2 Aldbourne Marlborough No Yes Yes Yes No 4 Yes 389 0 0 0.3 No Data JTW Level 2 Baydon Marlborough No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 140 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Broad Hinton Marlborough No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 137 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Fyfield Marlborough No No Yes No No 2 Yes 75 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Ramsbury Marlborough No Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 369 0 0 1.5 30 JTW Level 2 Atworth Melksham No No Yes Yes No 4 Yes 311 0 0 0.0 31 JTW Level 1 Seend Melksham No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 131 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Steeple Ashton Melksham No No Yes No No 2 Yes 245 0 0 0.0 22 JTW Level 2 Whitley Melksham No No Yes No No 2 Yes 161 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Burbage Pewsey No No Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 284 0 0 2.5 29 JTW Level 1 Great Bedwyn Pewsey No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 222 0 0.6 0.6 44 JTW Level 1 Pewsey Pewsey Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 1216 0 1.66 42.9 44 JTW Level 1 Shalbourne Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 88 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Upavon Pewsey No No Yes No Yes 3 Yes 1212 0 0 0.0 27 JTW Level 2 Policy C Collingbourne Ducis Tidworth No No Yes Yes No 4 Yes 132 0 0 0.0 19 JTW Level 2 Collingbourne Kingston Tidworth No No Yes No No 2 Yes Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Netheravon Tidworth No Yes Yes Yes No 3 Yes 242 0 0 0.0 30 JTW Level 2 Southwick Trowbridge No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 309 0 0 4.0 32 JTW Level 1 Yarnbrook Trowbridge No No Yes No No 2 Yes 53 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Codford Warminster No No Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 377 0 0 0.0 36 JTW Level 1 Heytesbury Warminster No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 93 0 0 0.0 34 JTW Level 1 Longbridge Deverill Warminster No No Yes No No 2 Yes 352 0 0 0.0 17 JTW Level 1 Bratton Westbury No No Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 189 0 0 0.0 19 JTW Level 1 Dilton Marsh Westbury No No Yes Yes No 3 Yes 318 0 0 1.3 47 JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Bradenstoke Cricklade No No Yes No No 2 Yes 76 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Cricklade Cricklade No Yes Yes Yes Yes 4 Yes 752 2.21 0 15.1 31 JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Hook Cricklade No No Yes No No 2 Yes Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Lyneham Cricklade No Yes Yes Yes No 4 Yes 4109 0 0 650.8 45 JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Purton Cricklade No Yes Yes Yes Yes 3 Yes 785 0 3.08 3.1 25 JTW Level 1 Avoncliff Bradford-on-Avon No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Limpley Stoke Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 29 JTW Level 1 Lower Wraxall Bradford-on-Avon No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 South Wraxall Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Turleigh Bradford-on-Avon No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Wingfield Bradford-on-Avon No No Yes Yes No 2 No 131 0 0 0.0 23 JTW Level 1 Bremhill Calne No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Calstone / Wellington Calne No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Cherhill Calne No No Yes Yes No 1 No 152 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Compton Bassett Calne No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 East Tytherton Calne No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Foxham Calne No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Goatacre Calne No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Heddington Calne No No Yes Yes No 2 No 151 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Hilmarton Calne No No Yes Yes No 2 No 199 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Sandy Lane Calne No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Stockley / Stockley Park Calne No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Yatesbury Calne No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Biddestone Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Burton Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Castle Combe Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Ford Chippenham No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Grittleton Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Kington Langley Chippenham No No Yes Yes No 2 No 305 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Langley Burrell Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Littleton Drew Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 North Wraxall Chippenham No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Seagry/Upper Seagry Chippenham No No Yes Yes No 2 No 91 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Shoe Chippenham No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Slaughterford Chippenham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Sutton Benger Chippenham No No Yes Yes Yes 3 No 654 0 0 0.0 31 JTW Level 2 Upper Wraxall Chippenham No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Bewley Common / Bowden Hill Corsham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Box Hill Corsham No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Gastard Corsham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Neston Corsham No No Yes Yes No 2 No 1376 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Thickwood Corsham No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 All Cannings Devizes No No Yes Yes No 2 Yes 105 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Allington Devizes No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Bishops Cannings Devizes No No Yes Yes No 2 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Chittoe Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Coate Devizes No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Easterton Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Erlestoke Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No 210 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Etchilhampton Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Horton Devizes No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Little Cheverell Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Marston Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Rowde Devizes No No Yes Yes No 2 No 159 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Stert Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Wedhampton Devizes No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Worton Devizes No No Yes No No 1 No 168 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Alderton Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Brinkworth Malmesbury No No Yes Yes No 2 No 280 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Brokenborough Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Charlton Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No 146 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Chelworth Malmesbury No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Cleverton Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Corston Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Crudwell Malmesbury No No Yes Yes No 3 No 174 0 0 0.0 25 JTW Level 2 Dauntsey Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Eastcourt Malmesbury No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Easton Grey Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Hankerton Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Lea Malmesbury No No Yes Yes No 2 No 76 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Leigh Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No 113 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Little Somerford Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Minety Malmesbury No No No Yes No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Norton Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Rodbourne Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Sopworth Malmesbury No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Startley Malmesbury No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Upper Minety Malmesbury No No Yes No No 1 No 135 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Willesley Malmesbury No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Avebury / Trusloe Marlborough No Yes No No No 1 No 208 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Axford Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Beckhampton Marlborough No No Yes No No 2 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Berwick Bassett Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Cadley Marlborough No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Chilton Foliat Marlborough No No Yes Yes No 2 No 129 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Clatford Marlborough No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Clench Common Marlborough No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 East Kennett Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Froxfield Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Lockeridge Marlborough No No No Yes No 2 No 87 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Manton Marlborough No No Yes Yes No 2 No 55 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Mildenhall Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Ogbourne Maizey Marlborough No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Ogbourne St Andrew Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Ogbourne St George Marlborough No No Yes Yes No 2 No 153 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 West Kennett Marlborough No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 West Overton Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Winterbourne Bassett Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Winterbourne Monkton Marlborough No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Beanacre Melksham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Broughton Gifford Melksham No No Yes Yes No 2 No 249 0 0 0.0 27 JTW Level 1 Bulkington Melksham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 19 JTW Level 2 Great Hinton Melksham No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Keevil Melksham No No Yes Yes No 3 No 103 0 0 0.0 19 JTW Level 2 Poulshot Melksham No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Seend Cleeve Melksham No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Sells Green Melksham No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0.33 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Semington Melksham No No Yes Yes No 3 No 160 0 0 0.0 37 JTW Level 1 Shaw Melksham No No Yes Yes No 2 No 176 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Alton Priors / Alton Barnes Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Beechingstoke Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Bottlesford Pewsey No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Buttermere Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Charlton Pewsey No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Chirton Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 2 No 117 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Chisbury Pewsey No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 East Grafton Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 2 No 55 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Easton Royal Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 2 No 66 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Ham Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Hilcott Pewsey No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Honey Street Pewsey No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Huish Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Little Bedwyn Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Manningford Bohune Pewsey No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 1.63 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Manningford Bruce Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No 164 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Marden Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Milton Lilbourne Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 North Newnton Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Oare Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 2 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Oxenwood Pewsey No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Patney Pewsey No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Rushall Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 2 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Stanton St Bernard Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Wilcot Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Wilsford Pewsey No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Wilton Pewsey No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Woodborough Pewsey No No Yes Yes No 2 No 61 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Wootton Rivers Pewsey No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Chute Standen/ Chute Tidworth No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service East Chisenbury Tidworth No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Enford Tidworth No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Everleigh Tidworth No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Fittleton Tidworth No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Haxton Tidworth No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Lower Chute Tidworth No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Tidcombe / Fosbury Tidworth No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Upper Chute Tidworth No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service North Bradley Trowbridge No No Yes Yes No 2 No 102 0 0 0.0 32 JTW Level 1 West Ashton Trowbridge No No Yes Yes No 2 No 83 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Bapton Warminster No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Bishopstrow Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Boyton Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Brixton Deverill Warminster No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Chapmanslade Warminster No No Yes Yes No 2 No 187 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Chitterne Warminster No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Corsley/Corsley Heath Warminster No No Yes No No 2 No 278 0 0 0.0 34 JTW Level 1 Corton Warminster No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Crockerton Warminster No No No Yes No 2 No 904 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Horningsham Warminster No No Yes Yes No 2 Yes 390 0 0 0.0 22 No JTW Service Kingston Deverill Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Knook Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Monkton Deverill Warminster No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Norton Bavant Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Sherrington Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Stockton Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Sutton Veny Warminster No No Yes Yes No 2 No 199 0 0 0.0 20 JTW Level 1 Tytherington Warminster No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Upton Lovell Warminster No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Upton Scudamore Warminster No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Coulston Westbury No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Edington/Tinhead Westbury No No Yes No No 2 No 42 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Hawkeridge/ Dursley Westbury No No Yes No No 1 No 1830 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Heywood Westbury No No No No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Broad Town Cricklade No No Yes Yes No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Wootton Bassett & Bushton Cricklade No No No No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Wootton Bassett & Clyffe Pypard Cricklade No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Wootton Bassett & Latton Cricklade No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 2 Wootton Bassett & Lydiard Millicent Cricklade No No Yes Yes No 2 No 296 0 0 0.5 No Data JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Marston Meysey Cricklade No No Yes No No 0 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data No JTW Service Wootton Bassett & Purton Stoke Cricklade No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 Wootton Bassett & Tockenham Cricklade No No Yes No No 1 No Not Available 0 0 0.0 No Data JTW Level 1 APPENDIX B

GROUPED SETTLEMENTS

Tidworth and Ludgershall

Tidworth and Ludgershall have been planned for together for a number of years since a joint study, commissioned by the MoD, the then Kennet District Council and Wiltshire County Council, identified the lack of facilities and employment opportunities in these communities. The report, entitled the Tidworth Study (September 1993), considered that the two towns bore no resemblance to similar- sized towns in Kennet. The report began the process of addressing these deficiencies.

The report suggested that the key to planning for the long term sustainable future of Tidworth and Ludgershall was to enable business and employment development, together with better shopping facilities. The study highlighted the importance of the military presence on the local community. The study suggested that, in order to create a more balanced community, the available services should be shared by both settlements in order to make the best use of them.

The County and District Councils, in partnership with the MoD, have since brought forward specific developments and investment opportunities to address the shortcomings in employment and facilities. In recent years, supermarkets, leisure centres and Castle Down Business Park have all been developed to serve both Tidworth and Ludgershall.

The long term aim for both Tidworth and Ludgershall remains the creation of a mixed community. This requires the better integration of both the military and civilian populations and the sharing of facilities, both between the military and civilians, and also between the two towns.

Trowbridge and Hilperton (including Staverton Marina) functional grouping

Trowbridge, Hilperton, and Staverton Marina effectively constitute a continuous urban area, although it is acknowledged that they are separated in part by the important green space of Hilperton Gap. In practical terms, therefore, they should be planned for as a single entity.

Staverton Marina has always been considered as an extension to Trowbridge, and has never been regarded as a settlement in its own right. However, Hilperton has been regarded as a separate village, although the precise boundaries between Hilperton and Trowbridge are difficult to identify.

Hilperton has very few services or facilities. The only convenience retail outlet is the petrol filling station. There is no healthcare facility and no secondary school. Residents are likely to rely on the supermarkets and other convenience stores, the doctors’ surgeries and pharmacists, and the secondary schools in Trowbridge. Furthermore, Hilperton is largely dependent on Trowbridge for its employment. Indeed, 32% of the resident working population commute to Trowbridge as opposed to only 20% who work within the village.

However, Hilperton does possess a primary school, a church, some comparison goods stores, a number of public houses, and the petrol filling station (which sells a limited range of food). If Hilperton were located at some distance from Trowbridge, it would be able to function more independently as a small town or village. However, due to its proximity to Trowbridge, and its close relationship with its neighbour, it cannot be considered in isolation.

It is important to plan for Trowbridge, Hilperton and Staverton Marina as a single unit. The three already operate effectively as one functional urban area. Moreover, in order to enable Hilperton to maintain its individual character, which is an important aim of the local residents, joint planning for both Trowbridge and Hilperton will help to prevent coalescence between the two. APPENDIX C

ROLE AND FUNCTION ANALYSIS

Purpose The role and function analysis is a detailed study that tries to build a picture of each settlement through understanding the level of housing, employment and facilities which are currently located at each settlement. Through extensive reviews of literature, and the analysis of numerous data sets, the character and functionality of each settlement is understood. The role and function analysis aims to understand the future potential of each settlement, in order to allocate the appropriate level of development to each place. Development at these settlements should consolidate and improve the function of each settlement within the wider context of Wiltshire and beyond.

Policy B Settlements The analysis of market towns (Policy B settlements) is a detailed examination of each town. It provides a thorough understanding of how each settlement currently functions in order to allocate housing (in the form of dwelling numbers) and employment (in the form of hectares per settlement) to each town. The role and function analysis for Policy B settlements is split into 7 sections;

 Housing and Employment  Facilities  Transport  Developable Land and Environmental Constraints  Relevant Local and Community Plans  Previous Consultation and Sustainability Appraisal  Infrastructure Capacity

Policy C Settlements The role and function analysis for small towns and villages (Policy C settlements) is less intensive than that for the market towns (Policy B settlements). It is important to recognise that value judgements have been made based on a number of indicators and the geographical location of these settlements in order to decide the appropriate level of development. In some cases limited development will be appropriate, in other cases some limited infill development will be appropriate, and in other cases no development will be appropriate. The amount of development for small towns and villages is only specified at Community Area level, and is based on previous completion rates. These figures are indicative until further work, such as a Small Sites SPD, better defines the amount of growth at each settlement.

The role and function analysis on the small towns and villages (Policy C) has been considered in 3 sections.

 Total Population, Households and Workplace population  Facilities, Access and Distance from Local Service Centre/SSCT  Housing Need

How to interpret the Role and Function Analysis

The role and function analysis is broken down by Community Area. Each Policy B and Policy C1 and C2 settlement is analysed for each Community Area. The data sources used for each piece of information are listed at the beginning of the role and function studies. The corresponding numbers are listed next to the data, as displayed below.

After each section of the role and function analysis of Policy B settlements a conclusion summarises the main themes and results.

The diagrams below displays the different role and function analyses.

Policy B Role and Function Analysis

Subject, Data Data and Source Analysis

Policy C Role and Function Analysis Subject and Data Source

Data and Classification Analysis

Appendix C – List of Documents and Data used

1. West of England Strategic Housing Market Assessment 2. Swindon Housing Market Assessment 2006 3. Wiltshire Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment 4. Kennet District Council Housing Needs Survey 2005 (published in 2006) 5. North Wiltshire Housing Needs Study 6. Housing Monitoring Report 2009 7. Housing Needs Register 8. 2001 Census 9. Annual Business Enquiry Statistics 2007 & 2009 10. Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 11. Economic Study of Kennet District 2006 12. North Wiltshire Employment Land Review 2006 13. West Wiltshire Employment Land Assessment 2007 14. Employment Land Monitoring Report 2008 15. Market Town Profiles report 16. North Wiltshire Retail Needs Assessment Study 2007 17. West Wiltshire Retail Needs Study 2007 18. Town Centre Retail Surveys 19. Strategic Transport Assessment 20. Traffic Models 21. Community Plans (numerous). 22. Development Briefs (numerous) 23. Conservation Statements (numerous) 24. Various GIS Datasets held by Wiltshire Council 25. Internet Searches and Local Knowledge 26. Sustainability Appraisal/Strategic Environmental Assessment 27. Infrastructure Work (toward Infrastructure Delivery Plan) 28. Rural Facilities Survey 29. Small Area Estimates 30. Affordable Housing Register

Bradford-on-Avon Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 7920 Total Population 17300 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Bradford-on-Avon 4360 9300 Holt 620 1540 Winsley 600 1380 Westwood 420 960 Business Services, Education & Health and Key Employment Sectors Hotels & Catering Dundas Viaduct, Tithe Barn, The Peto Garden & Heritage Assets Westwood Manor Nearest SSCT Bath/Trowbridge A363, Kennet and Avon Canal & Wessex Transport Routes Mainline (Rail) Major Environmental Features River Avon & Barton Farm Country Park Cotswolds AONB, Western Wiltshire Green Belt, & Winsley Mine, Gripwood Quarry, Midford Environmental Designations Valley Woods and Inwood, Warleigh SSSIs Bradford-on-Avon Role and Function Settlement Data Analysis Source Bradford-on-Avon (BoA) has the highest level of affordable housing need in the former West Wiltshire District. The net affordable need per annum is 57 dwellings Affordable which represents 1.2% of the total households in BoA, which is also higher than Housing the average for the West of England (WoE) Housing Market Area. Currently the Need Affordable Housing Register for Wiltshire shows that there is most demand for smaller rented affordable units if BoA.

In BoA 32% of resident households could afford to buy based solely on their income, the lowest in the former West Wiltshire District, with around 38% able to buy using wealth adjusted figures. In terms of rental property 44% are able to afford to rent within the town based solely on income, again the lowest percentages in the West Wiltshire District. Average house prices (£176,049) in the Housing former West Wiltshire District are lower than the average for the WoE area 1 & 6 Affordability (£191,683) and lower than the rest of the South West region (£187,751). The median lower quartile house price (estimated first time buyer threshold price) in BoA (£131,967) is the highest in the former West Wiltshire District and significantly higher than the average for the WoE (£119,708) as a whole. BoA residents have an average weekly income (£597) lower that that of the WoE (£608), although about average in the former West Wiltshire District.

BoA has seen a low number of completions since 2001 compared to other towns in Wiltshire. Since 2006 only 48 dwellings have been completed in BoA. As there Housing is a net affordable housing need of 57 dwellings per annum, the current low level Completions of housing completions would suggest that the affordable housing need is unlikely to be met.

The poor levels of affordability in BoA are exacerbated by high house prices and incomes below the average for the WoE sub-region. BoA is the least affordable settlement in West Wiltshire, and less affordable than the average for the WoE Housing Conclusions sub region. However, due to the lack of a local need assessment these high level assumptions are based on a strategic document that covers the whole of the WoE. Better local information may be needed.

The self containment score for BoA, based on the 2001 Census, is 31% the second lowest for all of the Policy B settlements. Given its location between the Self- larger employment centres of Bath, Corsham, Chippenham, Melksham and containment Trowbridge, the town sees a high proportion of out commuting. The town acts as and a dormitory to Trowbridge and Bath in particular, as the number of people Dormitory commuting to these towns from BoA, is more than the number of people who live Status and work in BoA. Average distance commuted is similar to that of Wiltshire with a higher than average number of commuters taking the train.

BoA has a small employment base with employment opportunities for only 2,900 persons. BoA has almost 4,500 employed residents, meaning that 64% of employed residents could be employed at BOA. The employment structure of BoA Existing is based around business services, education and health and hotels and catering. Concentration Key employment areas include Treenwood Industrial Estate and Kingston Road and mix of 8, 9, 10, 13 Employment with key sites at Elm Cross and the Tannery. The employment base comprises of Employers & 14 a mix of small employers, with no one employer dominating. The largest employer (St Lawrence School) employs approximately 6% of those employed within the settlement. The nearby Hospice is also a key employer.

Bradford-on-Avon is not identified as a strategic location for large scale employment in the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009. However, it is noted in the West Wiltshire Employment Land Assessment that BoA faces a particular issue of the loss of employment land for housing. The sites that were assessed in the Employment Land Assessment displayed some vacancies Potential although most were fully occupied. Although remaining and mixed use sites should provide for BoA needs, some additional provision will be required to help improve the balance between housing and employment in the town, reduce out commuting and improve its self containment. The Kingston Mill development will also provide some additional employment provision. BoA should be resistant to mass job losses resulting from a single business closure as most employment in the town is provided by a mix of small employers. However, as there is a small employment base, the decline in employment land and the loss of employment should be strongly resisted. The high levels of out Employment Conclusions commuting indicate that development of business and employment should be encouraged to meet the needs and aspirations of the community. This strategy would also be in line with the aspirations of a number of local organisations including the Town Council, Economic Partnership and as expressed in the ELR to provide a better balance between housing and employment. Market Town Profiles Less Vulnerable. BoA only scores as vulnerable in terms of employment where it 15 Assessment is noted that the overall level of employment is declining fast. BoA is the smallest of the market towns in West Wiltshire with just 10 convenience stores. However, unlike other towns, BoA has seen an increase in comparison stores (44) where there is an emphasis on fashion boutiques and jewellery shops along with stores fulfilling local needs. There are also 39 service Retail units located in the town centre. Although, BoA performs a retail service role to a very small rural population the town’s retail does attract a large number of tourists. The Kingston Mill development will also significantly increase retail provision within the town centre. BoA is a tourist destination with the Tithe Barn, a number of museums and valued 17, 18, 24 Facilities architecture. The River Avon flows through the town, and the Town Bridge and Cultural and & 25 Pleasure Gardens are part of the town’s attraction. BoA is noted as having a high Entertainment ratio of night time functions. There is also a library and a swimming pool in the town.

BoA has 2 primary schools, 1 secondary school and 1 further education facility. Education Bradford-on-Avon has a community hospital, GP services and range of traditional and Health and complimentary health facilities. BoA has a number of Christian churches, with some evidence of other faiths being Faith present without major places of worship

BoA town centre is renowned for its attractive nature and unique architecture. BoA retains a good level of retail and cultural facilities for a town of its size. There is a slight lack of large leisure facilities for residents, although this is mitigated by good Facilities and Town Centre night time functions. The town's status as a tourist attraction means the retail Conclusions services and cultural attractions are described as boutique and independent. However, despite the environmental quality of the town centre, pedestrian movement is severely restricted by traffic congestion and an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) exists on Mason's Lane through onto Silver Street.

Strategic Transport BoA scored as the second best settlement in terms of transport provision in Assessment Wiltshire. The total score for the town was 61.

BoA scored well due to the good bus and rail connectivity to the surrounding larger settlements. However, it scored less well in terms of the highway capacity 19 Transport Assessment and percentage of commuters who journey to work by car. The town centre also Conclusions has traffic congestion issues and access is restricted for pedestrians. The 'Priority for People' scheme, a Town Council/Wiltshire Council initiative, will deliver major traffic calming and management schemes. Two PDL sites were considered through the strategic sites identification process, with a total area of 2.16 ha. These sites could deliver between 66 and 108 dwellings (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based Brownfield on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). There are also 59 dwellings committed on PDL, and another 170 dwellings and some employment land are expected to come forward on the Kingston Mill site. Developable A number of Greenfield sites were considered through the strategic sites 3, 6, 14 & Land Capacity identification process. The sites have a total area of 28.09 ha, and could deliver 24 Greenfield between 267 and 1406 dwellings (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). Bradford has a small number of dwellings already committed, with 247 expected Already to be completed during the plan period. No remaining local plan employment or Committed housing land allocations remain and there is little in the way of employment land commitments. There are limited opportunities to develop on PDL at BoA. Greenfield capacity is also somewhat limited compared to other potential policy B settlements. Currently Land Capacity Conclusions there is a lack of employment development, although the amount of new dwellings likely to come forward on PDL is relatively high. The town is completely surrounded by the West Wiltshire Green Belt. The Cotswolds AONB boundary lies to the west of the town, and there is a country Natural park and an SSSI near where the canal and river run close to each other, also to Environmental the west of the town. Most of BoA is subject to a Minerals Safeguarding Area and 24, 21 & Constraints a Flood Risk Zone runs along the river. 23 The town centre includes a large number of historical buildings and large areas of Built BOA are included within a Conservation Area. There are two designated Parks in the town. The centre is part of an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA).

Environmental Constraints BoA is clearly highly constrained in both the natural and built environment. Conclusions

Bradford Area Community Plan 2004-2014. The town does not wish to become a picturesque dormitory settlement and the plan highlights a number of issues, or includes stated aspirations that look to maintain the status of Bradford on Avon as a settlement. The retention of current employment sites rather than conversion to residential should be a priority. Community Bradford on Avon offers a ‘lively range of arts, leisure and sports’, including two Area Plan swimming pools. The plan aspires to improve employment, retail and leisure provision. The plan also considers that BoA should be a ‘working town centre within a working community’. The need to preserve BoA and the surrounding villages as, vibrant, sustainable communities with an economic core and to Local Plans reverse the trend towards becoming dormitories is identified.

Bradford-on-Avon Conservation Area Character assessment (2008) The BoA Conservation Area is large and complex and the town receives a steady Conservation flow of day and overnight visitors due to the unique nature of the town. Statements &

Development Kingston Mill Development Brief (1994) - Large mixed use site on old industrial Briefs site, including residential, employment and retail.

The review of the community plans reveals that there is recognition of the high 'cultural' value of BoA. However there are concerns over employment provision Local Plans Review and the town retaining a 'working community'. The Kingston Mill site is a major town centre development, preparatory work has been completed and it is anticipated that new construction will commence before the end of 2009.

Development in the vicinity of BoA within the Green Belt is strongly opposed. There was support in BoA to occupy a separate category between Policy B and C, Issues and because while there are constraints, it is recognised that the status as a market Previous Options (Oct town needs to be distinguished from the villages. There was also support for BoA Consultations 2007) to have new traffic management measures and environmental enhancements at the town centre to improve the retail environment. The Avon Valley near BoA and the Green Belt are high quality local landscape features that should be protected.

The former West Wiltshire District Issues and Options consultation put forward a number of different scenarios, with Westbury and Bradford-on-Avon moving between Policy B and C. No significant negative effects were recorded for any of SA/SEA of former District the options, although a number of minor negative effects were recorded. 26 Options Work However, option 3 that focused development on fewer settlements across the District recorded a number of significant positive effects in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities. This option was identified as preferred. The road network and environmental traffic capacity in BoA is below any minimum standard which poses a challenge to even limited growth. The railway station is physically constrained; however planned route upgrades will improve connectivity. Footpaths, cycleway and public transport routes should be preserved or upgraded Infrastructure Capacity to ensure links from new development into the town centre. Reinforcement of the 27 utilities infrastructure will be required to cope with the expected level of growth. The primary and secondary schools will need to expand, as will both GP surgeries, which are already at capacity. However, the library and leisure services should be able to accommodate extra demand.

Bradford-on-Avon (BoA) is one of the smaller market towns in Wiltshire. The town has a high level of out-commuting, particularly to Bath and Bristol, in part due to its good public transport connectivity, including regular rail services. However, there is a need to improve the balance between housing and employment in the town. The town features a number of important historic buildings, along with the Kennet and Avon Canal, and is a popular tourist destination. There are a large number of building and environmental constraints in and around BoA, particularly the Western Wiltshire Green Belt, which surrounds the town, and an Air Quality Conclusions Management Area in the town centre. The town retains a good level of services and facilities. Bradford on Avon is the least affordable settlement in West Wiltshire and so the provision of any new housing should be focused on more affordable homes. Despite the constraints, a strategic development will be allocated for the town in the Core Strategy. This will be for a mixed use development, in order to improve employment provision, to assist in improving the self-containment of the town and also to help facilitate the continuing improvement of local services and facilities.

Housing Allocation for Bradford-on-Avon Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 48 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 250 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 300 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 40 Allocated Dwellings 150 Total to be built 2006 -2026 486

Employment Land for Bradford-on-Avon Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0.1 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 0.7 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 0 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 0.9 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 0 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 0.9

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements Distanc e to Service Nearest Total Bus Transport Journey to Centre Service Affordabl Populatio Household Employe Connectivit Assessment Work (km) Centre e Housing Settlement n (28 & 29) s (28 & 29) d (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) y (19) Score (19) Service (28) (24) (24) Need (30) C2

Bradford- Holt 1540 620 442 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. 1 31 JTW Level 1 3.7 on-Avon Medium Staverton 220 60 517 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. 1 21 JTW Level 1 2.5 Trowbridge High

Bradford- Westwood 960 420 157 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. 1 31 JTW Level 1 2.6 on-Avon High

Church, Primary School, Daily Store, Bradford- Winsley 1380 600 257 GP Surgery & Clinic. 5 36 JTW Level 1 2.5 on-Avon Low Open Countryside

Monkton Bradford- Farleigh 260 100 112 Church, Daily Store 1 23 JTW Level 1 4.8 on-Avon High

In the Bradford-on Avon Community Area a number of settlements were identified as having potential in terms of their roles as rural centres. Holt, Staverton and Westwood have a reasonable level of services, with Winsley also having a GP surgery according to data sources. However, given their proximity to the SSCTs of Bath and Trowbridge and the fact that the larger settlements of Holt and Winsley currently have a smaller affordable housing need it has been decided to limit all of these villages to 'C2'. Given the good Journey to Work service and the reasonable transport assessment scores housing growth is likely to exacerbate commuting issues in this Community Area. Holt, Westwood and Winsley are some of the larger C settlements and it is reasonable to expect that they should retain land within their current boundaries that will provide a limited supply of housing in the future. Monkton Fairleigh was considered unsuitable for development given its size and the limited number of facilities located within the village.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 58 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 26 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 84 Allocated Dwellings 47 Total to be built 2006 -2026 131

Calne Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 9240 Total Population 22520 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Calne 7000 15600 Derry Hill/Studley 380 1080 Cherhill 200 500 Hilmarton 120 260 Electronics, Education & Health and Retail & Key Employment Sectors Distribution St Mary's Church (Calne), Atwell-Wilson Motor Heritage Assets Museum & Bowood House Nearest SSCT Chippenham Transport Routes A4 & A3102 Major Environmental Features Cherhill White Horse North Wessex Downs AONB, Bencroft Hill Meadows, Calstone and Cherhill Downs, and Environmental Designations King’s Play Hill SSSIs

Settlement Calne Role and Function Analysis Data Source

There is a need for 195 affordable houses per annum in the Calne Community Area, and an estimated supply of 54 dwellings. This leaves a shortfall of 128 dwellings. The supply of affordable dwellings as a percentage of need in Calne (30.3%) is similar to the average across the former North Wiltshire district Affordable (29.1%). In the former North Wiltshire district there is an average need for 15 Housing affordable dwellings per 1,000 houses net which represents a net affordable need Need of 1.5% of the total households. This is slightly below the average for the UK (1.6%) and the South West (1.7%). Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Average household income in the former North Wiltshire District is higher than the Housing 2, 5 & 6 national average, and average income per employee is higher than the regional average. However, house prices in North Wiltshire are on average 16% higher Affordability than the national average. Average income in Calne (£34,115) is similar to the North Wiltshire average (£34,951). In terms of affordability over 20% of households in North Wiltshire are considered unable to afford market housing if they were looking to move.

Calne has seen a high level of completions since 2001 compared to most other towns in Wiltshire. 359 dwellings have been completed in Calne since 2006. Housing There is a net affordable housing need of 128 dwellings per annum in the Calne Completions Community Area, and housing completions at their current rate will struggle to meet the demand for affordable housing in Calne. The former North Wiltshire district remains much less affordable than other areas in Wiltshire.

Calne is one of the more affordable settlements in the former North Wiltshire district. The need for new affordable homes and average income levels are both similar to the averages over the former North Wiltshire district area. Nevertheless Housing Conclusions in terms of earnings Calne ranks lower than many of the other settlements and affordability issues may be increased by insufficient development to meet demand in recent years.

Calne has a self-containment score of 38% based on the 2001 Census. This is one of the lower scores for the proposed Policy B settlements. Calne is well Self- located in North Wiltshire with easy access to the M4 to the north and good links containment to the remainder of the County. Calne does not act as a dormitory settlement, and although a high proportion of residents do commute to the closest SSCTs of Dormitory Chippenham and Swindon. The average journey length of commuters from Calne Status is similar to the average for Wiltshire, but there are low levels of public transport use for journeys to work from Calne.

Calne has medium sized employment base with opportunities for 5,000 employed people. There are 5,903 employed residents in Calne, meaning that there is the potential for 84% of those living in Calne to also work in the town. The Existing employment structure in Calne is based around education and health, electronics, Concentration retail and distribution. Key employment areas include Calne Business Centre, and mix of Porte Marsh industrial and Beaverbrook Estates and Lower Wuemerford Mill, with 8, 9, 10, 12 Employment Employers key employment sites at Beaverbrook and Porte Marsh. The employment base & 14 comprises of a mix of small to medium employers. Key employers in the town include Allied Frozen Food, Calne electronics, PP Injection Mouldings and Deeplas.

Calne has been identified in the Workspace Strategy as a strategically significant location for employment growth. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 recognises that Calne performs less well than the surrounding towns of Chippenham and Devizes, but it considers that the town has a number of large scale employment locations which have the benefit of potential expansion Potential land adjoining existing developed areas. There is an existing supply of 8.31ha of employment land (at Portemarsh Industrial Estate and land to the North and West of Beaverbrook Farm). This should cover the short to medium needs of Calne and possibly the full RSS period. If there is a need for further employment land the Portemarsh Industrial Estate should be redeveloped before further Greenfield land is released. Calne has successfully attracted a number of employers in the past and while Calne has a medium sized employment base, this has been growing making Calne one of the better performing towns in Wiltshire in terms of employment. Employment Conclusions Calne does not act as a dormitory despite high levels of out commuting; however there is no dominant employer and further capacity is available for new businesses and employment development. Calne should be considered a key employment location in terms of the economic development of Wiltshire.

Less Vulnerable. Calne is only slightly vulnerable on 3 indicators. Calne is Market Town Profiles considered quite dependant on one sector for employment. The town has 15 Assessment relatively few shops given its size, although it is noted that it does have good occupancy rates. There is a low rate of night time functions.

Calne is unusual for a town of this size in offering two medium sized supermarkets, with other smaller national supermarkets also present. The balance of shopping provision is higher toward convenience uses when compared with the Retail other town centres. There are 8 convenience stores, 37 comparison stores and 39 service uses in the town centre. The retail centre includes Phelps Parade and the historic area of Wood Street and High Street. There are a number of specialist shops toward the south of the town centre at Church Street.

16, 18, 24 Facilities Calne has a relatively limited range of cultural and entertainment facilities, though there is a relatively new library, a heritage centre/museum/art gallery, council & 25 Cultural and offices, and a large traditional hotel. The town also has a leisure centre, but Entertainment facilities are generally at lower level than might be expected of town the size of Calne.

Calne has a full range of education facilities including 7 primary schools, 1 Education secondary school and 2 further education facilities. Calne has GP services but no and Health community hospital services. Calne has a number of Christian churches and places of worship but little Faith evidence of other faiths being present.

The town clearly offers a good level of convenience retail facilities and the town centre and Phelps Parade have been redeveloped to enhance the image of the town centre. However there seems to be a general lack of facilities in Calne and the more historic and environmentally attractive parts of the town are not part of Facilities and Town Centre retail centre. A number of buildings, particularly in the historic core between Wood Conclusions Street and The Green are listed as being of special architectural or historic interest. The lack of entertainment and cultural facilities has been highlighted by this survey and the market town profile. Calne also has no community hospital, which is unusual for a town of its size in Wiltshire.

Strategic Transport Calne is the worst performing proposed Policy B settlement. The total transport Assessment score for the town is 33.

Calne scores badly on public transport with relatively poor bus connectivity and no railway station; as a result there is reliance on the car to travel to work. The 19 Transport Assessment transport assessment also considers the road network to be poor. However, Conclusions Calne is close to the M4 which helps in terms of employment development, and improvements in self containment will allow better bus service provision.

The SHLAA assessed 9 sites which are either PDL or include a proportion of PDL. These sites have a combined total area of 24.3ha, but, a proportion of this is Brownfield Greenfield land. The estimated yield for these sites is around 650 dwellings (as reported in the SHLAA). There are currently 80 dwellings which are either under construction or committed on PDL in Calne.

Developable The SHLAA assessed 13 Greenfield sites in Calne, which have a total area of 3, 6, 14 & over 200 ha. The estimated total yield for these sites is 2961 dwellings (as Land Capacity Greenfield 24 reported in the SHLAA). One of the larger sites was considered to be a mixed use site. Calne has 189 dwellings with outstanding planning permissions. There are also three outstanding allocated sites with a total capacity of 138 dwellings. However Already one of these sites is no longer considered to be available for development, leaving Committed 28 dwellings which are allocated within the Local Plan and are expected to be completed. There are two outstanding employment allocations for 4.4ha. There is a medium sized amount of PDL for housing, although there remains a considerable amount available for employment development, particularly if the Land Capacity Conclusions redevelopment of Portemarsh Industrial site is included. There is also considerable scope for development on Greenfield land around Calne with a number of large sites available. Constraints include areas of flood zones 2 and 3, grade 1 agricultural land, the North Wessex Downs AONB to the east of Calne, a Special Landscape Area to Natural the west of Calne, waste and minerals sites to the east of Calne and Minerals Safeguarding Areas. Environmental 24, 21 & Constraints 23 Calne has a designated conservation area which includes a number of historic buildings and areas within the town centre. A number of buildings, particularly in Built the historic core between Wood Street and The Green are listed as being of special architectural or historic interest.

Although there are a number of development constraints in or around Calne, there Environmental Constraints are a number of development sites that are only affected by a small number of Conclusions these constraints. Calne Area Community Plan 2004-2014. The key issues identified for improvement and action include: Community Lack of retail provision in Calne; Area Plan Lack of smaller units for learning; Frequency and extent of public transport provision; Access to health care.

Local Plans Calne Conservation area Statement (1998) The Conservation Area Statement considers that Calne is overshadowed Conservation somewhat by the larger nearby commercial centre of Chippenham. It is noted that Statements & the economy of the latter has remained buoyant. The character of central Calne is Development derived from its function as a river crossing and market town which has given it a Briefs central market place and a commercial heart. The Statement considers that the main problem facing Calne today is how best to reunite these areas and regain the integrity of the town centre.

The key issues identified in the community plan support the findings of the role Local Plans Review and function analysis. Health care, public transport, smaller units and retail provision are all identified as issues that need to be addressed.

One of the options for the location of development was to designate Calne as the only policy B town. However there were not sufficient responses in support of this option to justify having Calne as the only Policy B settlement. The section on options for growth at the ‘other’ towns made reference to Calne being the focus of attention for the promotion of new development in previous Local Plans. This is largely due to aspirations for an eastern distributor road for the town and the Issues and consideration that the town centre could be regenerated through the growth of Previous Options (Oct Calne. It states that there is considerable potential for new growth areas. Land to Consultations 2007) the east is constrained by narrow roads and congestion in the centre (although if development could deliver the eastern distributor road this would be alleviated). Comments received included; Potential opportunity for long term provision of eastern distributor road, The quality of the town needs to be improved to make it more attractive to all, The Town Centre needs redeveloping, and The large number of houses that have been built in and around the town with little or no improvement to facilities.

All of the options from the former North Wiltshire District Issues and Options work put forward the four identified market towns as Policy B settlements. There were SA/SEA of former District no significant negative effects recorded for these options. However, significant 26 Options Work positive effects were recorded in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities with these four towns identified as Policy B settlements. While further development east of Calne could continue to be supported by the existing road network, this would need to be in excess of 1,200 new houses for maximum transport benefits and would inevitably increase out-commuting to Junction 16 of the M4. Such a high level of growth would require reinforcement of Infrastructure Capacity the sewer system, expansion of health and education facilities, including a new 27 2FE primary school, additional provision for the emergency services and more stops on the mobile library service. However, there are likely to be several constraints relating to flooding, biodiversity, landscape, landfill and minerals extraction buffer zones and GPSS pipelines.

Calne is one of the larger market towns in Wiltshire and has seen significant housing and employment development in recent years. Calne has been identified as a strategic employment centre and retains a number of employment sites that are able to accommodate significant employment growth in the future. However, improvements in services and facilities do not seem to have matched recent housing and employment developments. Calne town centre has been identified as suffering from a lack of investment over recent years and, despite some progress, Conclusions some areas are in need of regeneration. Calne also suffers from a fairly significant level of out-commuting, probably linked to its location between the larger settlements of Chippenham and Swindon. Nevertheless, it is proposed that Calne should have one of the larger allocations in Wiltshire. The allocation of an additional 500 dwellings is intended to support the investment in employment and to improve services and facilities in the town. The priority for Calne must be to invest in services and facilities and increase its self-containment by delivering much needed town centre improvements.

Housing Allocation for Calne Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 360 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 190 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 28 Total in Planning System 576 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 63 Allocated Dwellings 500 Total to be built 2006 -2026 1,139

Employment Land for Calne Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 8.1 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 4.4 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 12.5 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 1.1 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 1.8 Total to be built 2006 - 2026 (ha) 15.4

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance to Nearest Total Bus Transport Journey to Service Service Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Work Service Centre Centre Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C2 Church, Primary School, Daily Derry Hill / Studley 1080 380 376 Store. 1 30 JTW Level 1 3.5 Calne Low Heddington 240 100 151 Church, Primary School. No Data No Data JTW Level 2 5 Calne High Open Countryside Hilmarton 260 120 199 Church, Primary School. No Data No Data JTW Level 1 5.8 Calne Low

In the Calne Community Area very few settlements were identified through the settlement hierarchy. . Derry Hill/Studley has a reasonable level of facilities, a good journey to work service and will be a suitable location for some infill development. The decision was taken to consider two other settlements, Heddington and Hilmarton. The larger settlement of Cherill was not considered due to its proximity to Calne. Heddington has been categorised as a C2 settlement as it has a high affordable housing need, it has a journey to work service, and it is relatively isolated. Some infill development will support the facilities and the wider rural community.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 49 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 43 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 92 Allocated Dwellings 39 Total to be built 2006 -2026 131

Chippenham Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 44340 Total Population 18380 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Chippenham 14700 34820 Hullavington 420 1180 Sutton Benger 340 870 Yatton Keynell 260 650 Education and Health, Business Services, Key Employment Sectors Distribution, Transport and Communication Buttercorss, St May's Church (Burton), Yelde Heritage Assets Hall & Castle Coombe Race Track Nearest SSCT Chippenham Transport Routes M4, A4, A350 & Great Western Mainline (Rail) Bird's Marsh, River Avon & Sheldon Manor Major Environmental Features Gardens Cotswolds AONB, Honeybrook Farm, West Yatton Down, Rack Hill, Dank’s Down & Truckle Hill, Out Woods, Little Grubbin’s Meadow, Stanton St Quintin Quarry & Motorway Cutting, Sutton Lane Meadows, and Kellaways – West Environmental Designations Tytherton, River Avon SSSIs

Chippenham Role and Function Study

In terms of the Strategically Significant Towns and Cities (SSCTs) that have been identified in Wiltshire (Trowbridge and Chippenham) through the Regional Spatial Strategy (RSS), the justification of the allocation of these settlements has been made through a number of accompanying papers. The most important of these background papers is a Functional Analysis of Settlements completed by Roger Tym & Partners that informed the Spatial Strategy of the RSS.

Role and Function Analysis

The study was tasked with assessing all of the settlements in the South West to understand and define a number of key concepts that would inform both the RSS and Local Development Frameworks. The analysis essentially investigated the ideas of functionality and the idea of ‘regionally significant’ settlements. In turn this would lead to the study understanding the links between significance and future growth and then assessing the current role and future potential of these settlements.

Functional Analysis of Settlements

The analysis confirmed that the main centres (Principal Urban Areas in RPG10) continued to perform a strategic function. These were:

Bristol Exeter Bournemouth/Poole Torbay Plymouth Bath Swindon Weston-super-Mare Gloucester Taunton Cheltenham

The analysis also confirmed that a number of other settlements should be named in the RSS as places where a strategic element of growth should be located. These 7 settlements were: Weymouth Barnstaple Salisbury Dorchester Yeovil Bridgwater Trowbridge

Beyond these settlements there were 9 settlements that were considered relatively large settlements and that future planning in LDF processes should recognise the functional realities of these towns. The towns identified at this level were:

The 3 Cornish Towns (Cambounre/Redruth/Falmouth) St Austell Newquay Stroud Cirencester Tewkesbury/Ashchurch Chippenham

Conclusions for Chippenham and Trowbridge In terms of Chippenham and Trowbridge it was considered that they formed part of a group of ‘West Wiltshire’ towns that included Frome. The analysis considered that there were groups of settlements ‘which individually are relatively small in population and employment terms, but operate in and as a tight, local network of settlements. Future planning strategies should reflect this reality’.

However, it was felt that there was only a weak connection between the three 'West Wiltshire’ towns and in fact Trowbridge and Chippenham were strategically significant employment centres in their own right.

The analysis concluded that Chippenham had a self containment score of 49%, with the town having strong travel to work patterns with Bath, Bristol and Swindon. Chippenham functionality is strongly influenced by the M4 and in part it acts as a dormitory town. Nevertheless, the analysis concluded that Chippenham contains a significant volume of employment.

Implications for the Spatial Strategy Chippenham is one of the most significant employment centres within Wiltshire and has seen significant employment growth in recent years. Chippenham is identified as a Strategically Significant Town within the RSS and as a result has been identified as a key growth location for employment and housing within Wiltshire. Numerous regeneration opportunities exist within the town which will improve both the retail offer and the urban environment. The Chippenham Vision consists of a number of public and private partners who have begun to develop a strategy to deliver regeneration and improve links and the environment of the town centre. The significant allocation of both housing and employment land reflects the town’s regional importance, its potential to improve self-containment and to enhance its economic presence. In recent years there has been a limited supply of available housing land. This is being addressed in the Core Strategy to ensure that land is available for the required housing and employment growth. Development will benefit from good connectivity afforded by the M4 and intercity rail links.

Housing Allocation for Chippenham Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 668 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 419 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 20 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 316 Total in Planning System 1,423 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 156 Allocated Dwellings 3,650 Total to be built 2006 -2026 5,229

Employment Land for Chippenham Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0.7 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 11.3 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 15.2 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 27.2 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 29 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 1.4 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 57.6

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance Journey to to Total Bus Transport Work Service Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Service Centre Nearest Service Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) Centre (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Yatton Keynell 650 240 181 Store, GP Surgery & Clinic. 1 24 2 5.8 Chippenham High C2 Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Christian Malford 550 200 98 Store. 1 30 2 7 Chippenham Medium Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Hullavington 1080 420 197 Store. 1 33 2 6.4 Malmesbury Low Kington St Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Michael 570 240 162 Store. 1 20 2 4.5 Chippenham High Open Countryside Lower Stanton St Not JTW Level Quintin 480 140 Available Daily Store No Data No Data 2 6.7 Malmesbury Low JTW Level Chipping Nettleton 40 15 171 Church, Daily Store No Data No Data 2 9 Sodbury Low Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Stanton St Quintin 300 100 82 Store. No Data No Data 2 6.4 Chippenham Low

A large number of settlements were brought forward from the settlement hierarchy to be assessed as having potential for development. Yatton Keynell has a good level of facilities and a high affordable housing need. Although data indicates that transport options are not the best, the village serves a large rural hinterland and is an appropriate location of some limited development. It is likely that this will be constrained due to the Cotswolds AONB. Beyond Yatton Keynell, three settlements have been identified as C2 settlements. All of these settlements have a reasonable level of facilities, public transport connections and, except for Hullavington, have an affordable housing need. Hullavington has been categorised C2 despite having a low affordable housing need due to its size and given the military base in close proximity which is currently likely to stay operational

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 87 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 81 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 168 Allocated Dwellings 68 Total to be built 2006 -2026 236

Corsham Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 8340 Total Population 19960 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Corsham 4240 9580 Rudloe 620 1460 Colerne 520 1240 Box 520 1160 Business Services, Transport and Communication Key Employment Sectors & Defence Corsham Court, Stickẻ Court (Hartham Park), Heritage Assets Burlington Nuclear Bunker & Lacock Nearest SSCT Bath/Chippenham A4, A365 and Great Western Mainline and Chippenham Branch Line (Rail) (Corsham Station is not open at present so there is no direct access Transport Routes to the rail links within the community area) Major Environmental Features Neston Park Cotswolds AONB, and Box Mine, Corsham Railway Cutting, Honeybrook Farm, and Colerne Environmental Designations Park & Monk’s Wood SSSIs

Settlement Corsham Data Source

There is a need for 109 affordable houses per annum in the Corsham Community Area, and an estimated supply of 56 dwellings. This leaves a shortfall of 53 dwellings. The supply of affordable dwellings as a percentage of need in Corsham (51.6%) is the highest in the former North Wiltshire district Affordable and is much higher than the average (29.1%). In the former North Wiltshire Housing district there is an average need for 15 affordable dwellings per 1,000 houses Need net which represents a net affordable need of 1.5% of the total households. This is slightly below the average for the UK (1.6%) and the South West (1.7%). Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Housing Average household income in the former North Wiltshire District is higher than 2, 5 & 6 the national average, and average income per employee is higher than the regional average. However, house prices in North Wiltshire are also on Affordability average 16% higher than the national average. Average income in Corsham (£32,758) is slightly below the North Wiltshire average (£34,951). In terms of affordability, over 20% of households in North Wiltshire are considered unable to afford market housing if they were looking to move.

Corsham has seen a high level of completions since 2001 for a town of its size in Wiltshire. This is particularly true of the period since 2006 when 452 Housing dwellings have been completed in Corsham. As there is a net affordable Completions housing need of 53 dwellings per annum in the Community Area, the level of housing completions since 2006 in Corsham indicates that it should be possible to meet the affordable housing demand in the town.

Corsham has experienced a large number of housing completions in recent years and this may be one reason for the relative lack of new net affordable housing demand. However, incomes remain low in Corsham and with a Housing Conclusions demand unlikely to subside, affordability problems may continue to exist despite recent affordable units coming forward. The former North Wiltshire district area remains much less affordable than other areas in Wiltshire

Corsham has a self containment level of 37% based on the 2001 Census. This is one of the lower scores for the proposed Policy B settlements. Self- Corsham is well placed on the A4 between Bath and Chippenham and there containment is good access to the M4 to the north. However, there is a large amount of 8, 9, 10, 12 Employment and out-commuting with a large proportion of commuters going to Bath and & 14 Dormitory Chippenham. Commuting distances are higher than the average for Wiltshire Status and the percentage of commuters in Corsham that use cars to travel to work is also higher than the rest of Wiltshire. Corsham has the second highest percentage of commuters travelling to work by bus.

Corsham has a large employment base with opportunities for 8,100 employees. There are 4,291 employed residents meaning that there is the potential for all those living in Corsham to also work in the town. The employment structure in Corsham is based around education and health, Existing business services, transport and communications and retail. Key employment Concentration areas include Fiveways Light Industrial and Leafield Industrial estates, and mix of Corsham Commercial Centre, Ingoldmells Court and Pickwick Park, with key Employers employment sites at Leafield, Corsham Media Centre and Basil Hill Barracks. The employment base comprises of a mix of small to medium employers, with one very large key employer (the MOD). Other key employers in the Community Area are Real World Studios. Unlike other places in the north of Wiltshire the MOD is set to continue to be present in Corsham Corsham is not identified in the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 as a strategic location for new employment growth. The Strategy notes that despite recent employment growth and development of employment land there have not been high occupancy rates. The North Wiltshire Employment Land Review considers that the Leafiled Industrial Estate has room for both redevelopment and further expansion which should be able to fulfil the needs for Corsham. The Employment Land Review also Potential notes the significance of the redevelopment of the Basil Hill Barracks. At present, there is no specific requirement for more employment land to be identified in and around Corsham. However, it is noted that with the continuing presence of the MOD and with current areas of expansion, Corsham should be well placed to absorb some local employment growth. This may lead to a need for further employment sites for local opportunities in the future.

Corsham has a very large employment base for a town of its size, which is mainly due to the Basil Hill Barracks. However further employment opportunities in the town remain more limited. In Corsham there is a high level of out-commuting despite the amount of employment opportunities, including Employment Conclusions some specialist opportunities at centres of new technologies. While Corsham is not identified in the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy for new strategic employment land, the retention of a sizeable MOD presence, and a number of PDL MOD sites could mean that Corsham will be a good location of mixed use development in the future. Highly vulnerable. Corsham scores as vulnerable in all of the indicators. Proximity to the motorway, to Swindon and the lack of a railway station mean Market Town Profiles that the town suffers in comparison with Chippenham. Employment growth is 15 Assessment lower than average and dependency upon public sector/MOD employment is high.

There is a medium/small supermarket and a total of 9 convenience stores and 34 comparison stores in Corsham. The range of multiple shops/national names is limited and the specialist or independent shops are generally “niche” Retail shops, thus perhaps not serving a wide range of local residents. This balance does however help to establish a profile for the town centre and probably draws trade from a wider area than some other centres.

The Pound Arts Centre is located in Corsham. There is also a library but 16, 18, 24 Facilities Cultural and generally there is a lack of cultural facilities. Corsham has a leisure centre but & 25 Entertainment little evidence of other major entertainment facilities. There are fewer facilities than other policy B towns.

Corsham has a full range of education facilities including 3 primary schools, a Education secondary school and 2 further education facilities. Corsham has GP services and Health but does not have a community hospital. Corsham has a number of Christian churches and places of worship but little Faith evidence of other faiths being present.

Corsham town centre is notable for its extremely attractive Conservation Area buildings and specialist shops along the High Street, with the more modern Facilities and Town Centre Martingate Centre linking with Somerfield supermarket. Corsham serves a Conclusions small rural area and while the town maintains a good level of shops and facilities there is no community hospital, which is unusual for the market towns of Wiltshire.

Strategic Transport Corsham is one of the worst performing potential Policy B settlements. The Assessment total transport score for the town is 37.

Corsham scores poorly in terms of highway capacity and the percentage of commuters who journey to work in cars. It also has no train station and scores 19 Transport Assessment poorly in terms of bus connectivity. Given its proximity between Chippenham Conclusions and Bath and the ease of access by road there is a reliance on the car to travel to work, yet the highway capacity in and around Corsham is poor.

The two sites called Hartham Quarry/Copenacre and Rudloe Manor are PDL Developable sites, which could provide up to 880 dwellings. The Rudloe Manor site was 3, 6, 14 & Brownfield Land Capacity not assessed in the SHLAA. There are currently 95 dwellings under 24 construction or committed on PDL in Corsham.

The Greenfield sites identified in and around Corsham could provide between Greenfield 1249 and 4070 dwellings. However, they are subject to varying levels of constraint. There are 307 dwellings with outstanding planning permission. There are two outstanding allocated sites with a combined capacity of 40 dwellings. Already Corsham has expanded in recent years, and 452 dwellings have been Committed completed since 2006. There is one outstanding allocated employment site at East of Leafiled Industrial Estate which has an area of 3.29ha.

There is a considerable amount of PDL available for development at Corsham. There are also outstanding local plan allocations for both residential and employment development. However, there has been significant Land Capacity Conclusions residential development at Corsham in recent years and any further residential development will need to be matched by improvements in facilities and employment opportunities.

There are areas of flood risk to the south east of the town, whilst the north and west of Corsham are in close proximity to (or within) the Cotswolds Natural AONB, a Strategic Landscape Area, and the Local Rural Buffer (although the Environmental Local Rural Buffers policy in the North Wiltshire Local Plan 2011 no-longer 24, 21 & Constraints applies). The West Wiltshire Green Belt lies to the west of the town. 23 Corsham has a designated conservation area. A railway line lies to the south Built or Corsham. Although there are a number of development constraints in or around Environmental Constraints Corsham, there are also a number of development sites which are only Conclusions affected by a small number of these constraints.

Corsham Area Community Plan 2005-2015 v1 The key issues identified for improvement include: Improve local employment opportunities; Community Establish needs and aspirations of young people; Area Plan Re-open Corsham Railway Station; Extend bus routes and times; Local Plans Increase car parking provision; Assess adequacy of health and social care provision.

Conservation Corsham Conservation area Statement (1998) Statements & It is noted that Corsham has suffered commercially in recent times and the Development dominance of the MOD and reuse of this land is considered a problem. With Briefs over 400 listed buildings the town is a tourist attraction. There seems to be a concern over facilities and transport, with the MOD Local Plans Review clearly a continuing issue. Corsham Vision: “In 2026 Corsham should be a vibrant, successful and pleasant town to live, work and visit and continue to be so in the future. People should enjoy better accessibility by public transport, cycling and walking. The good range of shops, jobs, adequate infrastructure and accommodation provision will enable people to satisfy their needs, rarely having to leave Corsham to find them. There will be appropriate facilities for all age groups to enjoy. The town will have the recycling and composting facilities to enable the community to be as sustainable as possible. It is Issues and Previous important that the future use of Ministry Of Defence sites and formerly owned Options (Oct Consultations MOD land is closely integrated into the life of the community”. 2007) Directions of growth: The 2nd I&O paper states that “Corsham is limited in its potential for further growth due to the high quality of its historic and landscape setting to the north and east and by the practical limitations of crossing the railway line to the south. Development to the west would erode the strategic gaps between Corsham and the villages”. Comments received included: Expand Corsham to include a new railway station and other facilities; find a use for ex MOD sites; the infrastructure has not followed the developments and the centre does not respond to the needs. Three options for the location of development were presented in the North Wiltshire 2nd Issues and Options consultation. Options 1 and 3 identified Calne, Corsham, Malmesbury, and Wootton Bassett as ‘Tier 2’ (Policy B) settlements. Option 2 identified Calne as a ‘Tier 2’ (Policy B) settlement, and SA/SEA of former District Corsham was included in the list of ‘Tier 3’ (Policy C) settlements. There were 26 Options Work no significant negative effects recorded for these options. However, significant positive effects were recorded in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities with these four towns identified as Policy B settlements. Uncertainty over delivery of MOD sites will raise concerns about meeting sustainable transport objectives but the existing road network in Corsham should be able to cope with the extra growth. It will be vital to upgrade the central rights of way route and provide links to surrounding rural communities. Other requirements include reinforcement of the utility infrastructure and Infrastructure Capacity 27 expansion of the primary school, GP surgery and library. New premises may be needed for the emergency services and leisure facilities will have to be upgraded. There are likely to be several constraints to development, including a National Grid overhead transmission line, a bat-related SSSI and landscape issues.

Corsham is one of the smaller market towns in Wiltshire and is subject to a number of constraints. Nevertheless, there has been a high level of housing completions in recent years, above and beyond what might be expected for a town of Corsham's size. Despite the continuing military presence, which greatly improves the town’s employment offer, there are fewer facilities and services than might be expected, and the town continues to see high levels of out-commuting. There are a number of outstanding housing permissions and, Conclusions as a result of this, it is proposed to limit new housing allocations in the town. There is a need for better self-containment and improved services and facilities. If and when this takes place there are a number of employment sites that might be available in the long term. The continuing presence of the MOD should assist Corsham to attract employment options. However, the long term development of the town is closely linked to the military presence, while the need to increase self-containment confirms that a limited allocation of new housing is appropriate.

Housing Allocation for Corsham Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 452 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 307 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 40 Total in Planning System 799 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 52 Allocated Dwellings 100 Total to be built 2006 -2026 951

Employment Land for Corsham Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0.7 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 35.2 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 3.4 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 39.2 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 0 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 39.2

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements Distanc e to Journey Service Nearest Total Bus Transport to Work Centre Service Affordabl Populatio Household Employed Connectivit Assessment Service (km) Centre e Housing Settlement n (28 & 29) s (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) y (19) Score (19) (28) (24) (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP JTW Level Box 1160 520 380 Surgery, Library. 7 40 1 4.7 Corsham High Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP JTW Level Colerne 1240 520 261 Surgery. 1 20 2 5.1 Corsham High C2 JTW Level Melksha Lacock 260 100 181 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. No Data No Data 1 4.6 m Medium Open Countryside Not JTW Level Ashley 180 80 Available Daily Store No Data No Data 1 5.8 Corsham Low Corsham Road Not JTW Level / Notton 280 120 Available Daily Store No Data No Data 1 4 Corsham Low JTW Level Rudloe 1460 620 316 Daily Store No Data No Data 1 2 Corsham Low

Box and Colerne have a good range of facilities, have a high affordable housing need and should continue to provide a level of employment for the surrounding rural hinterland. These two settlements have been identified as being suitable for some limited growth. Beyond Box and Colerne, only Lacock has been identified as a C2 settlement. Lacock has a reasonable level of facilities, a good journey to work service and a medium affordable housing need. The smaller settlements of Ashley and Corsham Road/Notton are not considered suitable for any further development. Rudloe has also been classified as open countryside, even though it is one of the larger settlements to have come through from the settlement hierarchy as a potential policy C settlement. This is because of its proximity to Corsham and the obvious effects this seems to be having on facilities and affordable housing need. It is felt that any further housing in Rudloe would only serve Corsham and not be to the benefit of the existing community.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 46 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 29 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 73 Allocated Dwellings 35 Total to be built 2006 -2026 108

Devizes Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 12900 Total Population 30580 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Devizes 7580 16880 Market Lavington 720 1960 Potterne 480 1220 West Lavington/Littleton Pannell 420 1200 Education & health, public administration & defence, food, business services, textiles and Key Employment Sectors wood & construction Devizes Castle, Assize Courts, Caen Hill Locks Heritage Assets & Roundway Hill Nearest SSCT Chippenham/Trowbridge Transport Routes A342, 360 & 361 & Kennet and Avon Canal Devizes White Horse, Morgans Hill Nature Major Environmental Features Reserve North Wessex Downs AONB & Morgan’s Hill, Roundway Down and Covert, Spye Park, Pewsey Downs, Salisbury Plain, Great Environmental Designations Cheverell Hill, and Bratton Downs SSSIs

Settlement Devizes Data Source

There is a need for 246 affordable houses per annum in the Devizes Community Area, and an estimated supply of 130 dwellings. This leaves a shortfall of 116 dwellings. The supply of affordable dwellings as a percentage of need in Devizes (52.8%) is the highest in the former Kennet district and much higher than the Affordable average for the district (36.4%). In the former Kennet district there is an average Housing need for 17 affordable dwellings per 1,000 houses net which represents a net Need affordable need of 1.7% of the total households; this is slightly above the average for the UK (1.6%) and similar to the South West (1.7%). Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Housing Average house prices remain higher in the former Kennet district than the average 2, 4 & 6 for England as a whole. However prices in the former Kennet district did not rise at the same rate as house prices in the South West in the period 2000-2005 (48% increase in Kennet, 82% increase in the South West). The Devizes Community Affordability Area has the cheapest rental prices, but the second most expensive average house price in the former Kennet district. Average income in Devizes (£30,324) is similar to the average for the former Kennet District (£32,644) and above the national average.

Devizes has seen a high level of completions since 2001 compared to most other towns in Wiltshire. 599 dwellings have been completed in Devizes since 2006, Housing more than any other town outside of the SSCTs. However, with a net affordable Completions housing need of 116 dwellings per annum in the Community Area, housing completions at their current rate will struggle to meet the demands of affordable housing in Devizes.

In Devizes the supply of affordable dwellings as percentage of need is the highest in the former District of Kennet. However, incomes remain low and the new net affordable need remains above 100 per annum. Rental prices are cheaper in Housing Conclusions Devizes, probably due to availability, but property prices are high which is likely to exacerbate affordable housing issues. The former Kennet district is the most expensive area in terms of house prices in Wiltshire.

Devizes has a level of self-containment of 48% based on the 2001 Census. This is one of the higher scores for a proposed Policy B settlement. Devizes is quite Self- remote although access to the M4 and Swindon is relatively well served by the containment A361. While Devizes does not act as a dormitory to any other settlement, a 8, 9, 10, 11 Employment and reasonable proportion of residents commute to the SSCTs of Swindon, & 14 Dormitory Trowbridge, Chippenham, as well as to Melksham. The average commuting Status distance for commuters from Devizes is similar to the Wiltshire average, but a high proportion of uses travel to work by car compared to other settlements in Wiltshire.

Devizes has around 7,300 employed residents, and around 9,700 people are employed within the town. It is therefore possible that 100% of all employed residents could be employed at Devizes. The employment structure in Devizes is based around education and health, public admin. & defence, food, business services, textiles and wood and construction. Key employment areas include Existing Glenmore Business Centre, Garden Trading and Hopton Road Industrial Estates Concentration and Nursteed Road. The employment base comprises of a mix of small to and mix of medium employers. Key employers in the town include Tofts Foods, Grant Employers Engineering, Police (HQ), Wadsworth, Renelec Ltd and DSS Packaging. The largest employer (Police HQ) employs approximately 10% of those employed within the settlement (although it is unclear as to whether this figure relates to all police employed within Wiltshire, despite the fact they may not work in Devizes). Devizes should be relatively resistant to mass job losses resulting from a single business closure. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Delivery Plan concludes that the existing supply of employment sites at Devizes is fairly limited, with just over 7.5 hectares. It is recommended that additional sites will be required. The assessment of 11 sites with an original land area totalling 31.85 hectares has demonstrated that there is a reduced potential supply of 22.44 hectares. Important large sites Potential that both exist and may be appropriate for development in the future include Folly Road, Bureau West and Land between the A361 and Horton Road. The amount of potential land available is in excess of what will reasonably be required at Devizes during the RSS period and should ensure that Devizes continues to develop economically in the short, medium and long term.

Devizes has a significant amount of out-commuting compared to similar larger settlements in Wiltshire. However, there is a large and varied employment base and Devizes should be resistant to single business closures and mass job loses. Employment Conclusions The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 identifies a number of available employment sites in Devizes which should provide scope for diverse employment development in the future and ensure that Devizes remains an area of key employment growth in Wiltshire in the future.

Vulnerable. Devizes is vulnerable in 3 out 5 indicators. It is noted that Devizes has Market Town Profiles high unemployment rates, an aging population and is some distance from other 15 Assessment population centres with no train station.

Devizes has a large supermarket, 100 comparison retail outlets and 22 convenience stores. Devizes is identified as one of the main towns for retail in the Retail former Kennet district and consistently sees low vacancy rates. Changes in the number of shops have reflected changing development and demand for shops in Devizes remain high.

Devizes has a Cinema, Theatre, Library, Museum, and Tourist Information Centre. The Wiltshire Market Town Profiles identify Devizes as having one of the 18, 24 & Facilities Cultural and highest ratios of social/night time facilities to number of residents. Devizes also 25 Entertainment has a leisure centre. Devizes also has many buildings of cultural interest and some nearby tourist attractions.

Devizes has 6 primary schools, 1 secondary school and 2 further education Education establishments. Devizes has a community hospital and GP services and a and Health number of complimentary medical facilities. Faith Devizes has places of worship for both Christian and other faith groups.

Devizes is the economic, retail and cultural centre in the former Kennet district. Devizes has an attractive and thriving town centre, and the Market Place is a key area of architectural interest. The centre of the town appears to have shifted from Facilities and Town Centre the historical centre of the Market Place to the partly pedestrianised area of the Conclusions Brittox. Devizes has consistently been highlighted as the focus of retail and leisure development in the former Kennet district and as such has one of the best levels of retail, leisure and cultural facilities outside of the SSCT's in Wiltshire.

Strategic Transport Devizes scored a total of 37 in the Strategic Transport Assessment. This was one Assessment of the lower scores for proposed Policy B settlements.

Devizes scored well in terms of accessibility, bus services and journey to work distance. Devizes does not have a train station and also recorded lower scores for bus connectivity, highway capacity and the percentage of people who journey to work by car. Devizes is in a relatively isolated location and traffic issues, created 19 & 20 Transport Assessment by both being a cross roads for a number of routes and poor road capacity, Conclusions causes there to be severe restrictions on transport in Devizes. A transport model for Devizes has resulted in there being a limit on the number of houses that can be built without serious infrastructure improvements to the road network of Devizes.

The SHLAA identifies 21.18ha of PDL, which could deliver between 400 to 700 dwellings in Devizes. However, a large number of these sites are less than 1 hectare in size. Only 6.47 ha of PDL were considered through the strategic sites Developable 3, 6, 14 & Brownfield identification process, with a yield of between 49 and 323 dwellings (the lower Land Capacity 24 yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). In addition 68 dwellings are either committed or under construction on PDL. A number of possible Greenfield sites around Devizes have been considered through the strategic sites identification process. These sites have a combined Greenfield area of around 205 ha, and a capacity of between 2,649 and 10,272 dwellings (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). 559 dwellings have received planning permission and are expected to be completed in Devizes. There are also 62 dwellings identified in outstanding local Already plan allocations. There is outstanding permission for 8.12 ha of employment land, Committed and 2.67 ha of employment land is allocated in the local plan and has not been developed yet.

There is a significant amount of PDL that could be developed at Devizes. There is also a large amount of residential and employment development already Land Capacity Conclusions committed at Devizes. A large proportion of the possible levels of development could be sited on PDL. North Wessex Downs AONB is located to the east of the town. There are small areas of flood risk to the east and south of the town. Large areas of land Natural surrounding the town are Grade 1/2 Agricultural Land. There are some County Environmental Wildlife sites within and around the town. 24, 21 & Constraints 23 Some land in the centre of the town is designated as a Conservation Area. The Built Devizes Conservation Area Statement (September 2005) states that Devizes has over 500 listed buildings. Environmental Constraints Devizes is heavily constrained by both environmental and built constraints, but Conclusions this is unlikely to significantly limit development.

Devizes Community Area Plan (2003-2015) The Plan looks to Devizes to maintain its role as the major service and shopping centre for the Community Area. It contends that the town offers the best prospect for maintaining local services, attracting more employment and introducing more Community sustainable modes of transport. Area Plan The plans aspirations for Devizes include: A centre where increasing numbers of people come to shop, socialise and appreciate the town's unique historical and architectural value. A place where businesses are encouraged to locate and operate.

Devizes Town Centre Design Code (June 2007) The document was produced Local Plans in response to pressure on town centre development sites and as first stage of a then proposed Area Action Plan which formed part of the LDF covering Devizes. The plan considers that Devizes is ‘a thriving market town’ and defines a number of landmark building and urban spaces consistent with a market town. The Devizes Conservation Area Statement (September 2005) The Conservation conservation area statement states that Devizes has over 500 listed building. Statements & Again it considers Devizes to be a ‘thriving market town and place of Development employment’. In summarising the character of the town the statement points to Briefs Devizes being heavily influenced by commercial activity. The statement also identifies a number of sites with regeneration and PDL potential. Existing Development Briefs: Devizes Strategic Development Brief – Co- ordinates the local community facilities including schools, leisure and transport from a number of smaller sites. Quakers Walk – Housing site including primary school, community facilities and leisure provision. Naughton Avenue - This site has now been developed so development brief is no-longer relevant. There is a clear steer in the local plans to protect the town centre and fears over Local Plans Review congestion remain. However, Devizes is considered a cultural and retail centre and variously described as 'thriving' and 'unique'. Concerns about congestion throughout Devizes caused by the current volume of Issues and Previous traffic on a road network which appears unable to cope. Improvements to the road Options (Oct Consultations network are required including the management of commuter traffic. Need to 2007) safeguard Devizes natural and built environment assets. The SA concludes that positive effects are likely to occur on Housing, Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities if growth was SA/SEA of former District spread across the three main towns in the former Kennet District. The SA 26 Options Work concluded that focusing development on fewer settlements particularly one of the options that looked at Devizes only would result in negative impacts on Air Quality, Pollution and Transport. Modelling work suggesting that the road network in Devizes will reach critical capacity long before the end of the plan period means that consideration should only be given to modest growth. Nonetheless, further development is likely to require expansion of education, leisure and library facilities and new premises for the emergency services. Existing rights of way and public transport routes need to Infrastructure Capacity 27 be preserved and enhanced and consideration given to water quality issues and landscape impacts. The new medical centre will be able to cope with the extra demand but funding will be required to bring the spare capacity forward. Reinforcement of utility networks is likely to be expensive as existing infrastructure is on the other side of town from proposed development sites.

Devizes is one of the larger market towns in Wiltshire and has traditionally been the focus of development in the east of Wiltshire. There have been a number of recent housing completions at Devizes and there remain a large number of outstanding dwellings. Devizes has a large employment base and a reasonable amount of land available for employment. Devizes has been identified as a location for strategic employment growth despite its slightly isolated location away Conclusions from the major transport corridors that run through Wiltshire. Devizes town centre retains a good level of services and facilities and has a unique cultural offer. Despite some environmental constraints there is a reasonable amount of developable land in and around Devizes. However, the traffic model for Devizes has suggested that a maximum of 700 dwellings can be accommodated in the town before the road network reaches a critical level.

Housing Allocation for Devizes Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 599 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 559 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 62 Total in Planning System 1,220 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 73 Allocated Dwellings 700 Total to be built 2006 -2026 1,993

Employment Land for Devizes Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 1.3 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 8.1 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 2.7 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 12 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 8.4 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 5.9 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 26.3

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance Journey to to Nearest Total Bus Transport Work Service Service Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Service Centre Centre Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C1 Great JTW Level Cheverell 400 140 151 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. 1 18 2 7.5 Devizes Medium Church, Primary & Secondary Store, Market School, Daily Store, GP Surgery & Clinic, JTW Level Lavington 1960 720 435 Library. 2 29 2 7.8 Devizes Medium Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP JTW Level Urchfont 820 360 183 Surgery. 2 20 2 6.4 Devizes Medium West Lavington / Littleton Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP JTW Level Pannell 1200 420 517 Surgery. 3 34 2 8.4 Devizes Medium C2 JTW Level Bromham 960 380 386 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. No Data No Data 2 4.7 Devizes Medium JTW Level Potterne 1220 480 245 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. No Data No Data 1 3 Devizes Medium Open Countryside JTW Level Roundway 40 10 1579 Daily Store No Data No Data 1 2.2 Devizes Low

There are four settlements that have been identified as being capable of limited growth. All of these settlements have a good level of facilities and an affordable housing need. Three of these settlements lie in close proximity to each other and in the future they may need to be planned for holistically. The fourth settlement Great Cheverell has a relatively isolated setting and some limited growth will help support the rural communities in and around this settlement. Both Bromham and Potterne have been classified as C2 settlements. These settlements both have a good level of facilities and an affordable housing need. However their proximity to Devizes and the likelihood of limited development at these settlements only serving Devizes means that they have been limited to infill development only. Roundway was considered unsuitable for further development.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 180 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 32 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 215 Allocated Dwellings 214 Total to be built 2006 -2026 429

Malmesbury Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 7940 Total Population 19120 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Malmesbury 2400 5560 Sherston 500 1260 Ashton Keynes 520 1240 Minety 300 820 Education and health, business services and Key Employment Sectors metals & engineering Malmesbury Abbey, Athelstan Museum, Heritage Assets Bremilham Church & Market cross Nearest SSCT Chippenham Transport Routes A429 Major Environmental Features Cotswold Water Park & River Avon Cotswolds AONB, and Upper Waterhay Meadow, Pike Corner, Emmett Hill Meadows, Clattinger Farm, Acres Farm Meadow, Cloatley Manor Farm Meadows, Distillery Farm Meadows, Ravensroost Wood, and Harries Environmental Designations Ground, Rodbourne SSSIs.

Data Settlement Malmesbury Source

There is a need for 164 affordable houses per annum in the Malmesbury Community Area, and an estimated supply of 50 dwellings. This leaves a shortfall of 114 dwellings. The supply of affordable dwellings as a percentage of need in Malmesbury (30.5%) is the slightly above the average for the former North Affordable Wiltshire district (29.1%). In the former North Wiltshire district there is an average Housing need for 15 affordable dwellings per 1,000 houses net which represents a net Need affordable need of 1.5% of the total households. This is slightly below the average for the UK (1.6%) and the South West (1.7%). Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Housing Average household income in the former North Wiltshire District is higher than the 2, 5 & 6 national average, and average income per employee is higher than the regional average. However, house prices in North Wiltshire are also on average 16% higher than the national average. Malmesbury is the most expensive area in the Affordability former North Wiltshire district. Average income in the Malmesbury Community Area (£40,848) is significantly above the North Wiltshire average (£34,951). In terms of affordability over 20% of households in North Wiltshire are considered unable to afford market housing if they were looking to move.

Malmesbury has seen a very low number of completions since 2001 compared to other towns in Wiltshire. However, most of those completions have been since Housing 2006 when 266 dwellings have been completed in Malmesbury. As there is a net Completions affordable housing need of 114 dwellings per annum in the Community Area, the current low level of housing completions would suggest that the affordable housing need is unlikely to be met.

Malmesbury is identified as the most expensive area is the former North Wiltshire district in terms of house prices; however the average income is also significantly above the average for North Wiltshire. There has been a low number of Housing Conclusions completions in Malmesbury since 2001 and there remains a sizeable affordable need. Overall Malmesbury can be considered less affordable than other settlements in the former North Wiltshire district.

Malmesbury has a self-containment level of 49% based on the 2001 Census. This is one of the higher self-containment levels for the potential policy B settlements and is the highest in the former North Wiltshire district. Malmesbury is well placed Self- with the M4 nearby and the A429 leading to Cirencester to the North. Swindon is containment the most popular destination for residents who travel to work outside of 8, 9, 10, 12 Employment and Malmesbury itself. The estimated average commuting distance is above the & 14 Dormitory average for Wiltshire, and a higher than average number of residents who travel Status to work do so by car. The 2001 census also identifies a large number of people who commute from Chippenham to Malmesbury. However, this data may be misleading, as the Dyson Factory in Malmesbury has reduced its workforce since 2001.

Malmesbury has just over 2,709 employed residents, and just over 3,800 people are employed within the town. It is therefore possible that all employed residents could be employed within Malmesbury. The employment structure in Malmesbury Existing is based around education and health, business services and metals and Concentration engineering. Key employment areas are Eastcourt Farm and Malmesbury and mix of Business Park, with a key employment site north of Tetbury Hill. The Dyson Employers Factory is the largest employer in Malmesbury and employs 26% of those employed within the town. This means that Malmesbury could be vulnerable to closure of the Dyson Factory. There is one other larger employer in Malmesbury. Malmesbury is not included in the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 as a strategic employment location. However, the Workspace Strategy makes it clear that retention of the town’s existing employment base is critically important. In the North Wiltshire Employment Land Review it is noted that Potential the Gloucester Road Industrial Estate has under utilised areas and that the Garden Centre Local Plan allocations does have 3.9ha of land available for expansion. However, the Employment Land Review considers the Garden Centre to be a poor site for future development.

Malmesbury has a small employment base, but it has significantly lower levels of out-commuting compared to towns of a similar size. It should be noted that the Dyson factory in Malmesbury may be partially responsible for the high level of self-containment, and this has reduced its workforce since 2001, thus some of this data may be misleading. Malmesbury employment patterns are clearly dominated Employment Conclusions by a high profile employer and with little assessment of new employment sites care must be given to balance housing and employment growth. However, as a 'net importer' of workers there is clearly scope to develop employment opportunities in the town, although the long term viability of the key employer remains in question.

Less Vulnerable. Malmesbury is only vulnerable in one indicator. Malmesbury is Market Town Profiles noted as having slow economic growth but is not vulnerable in any other 15 Assessment indicators.

Malmesbury High Street contains a useful mixture of shops and services along with banks, a post office and national names. There is one small supermarket, but the representation of convenience retail is limited and the range of other shops Retail indicates a limited role in meeting shoppers' needs. There are 7 Convenience Goods units, 40 Comparison Goods units, and 26 Service Uses units in the town centre.

Malmesbury has a library and a museum, but no theatre or cinema. Malmesbury 16, 18, 24 Facilities Cultural and Abbey and Abbey House Gardens are tourist attractions within the town. & 25 Entertainment Malmesbury has a leisure centre. The Wiltshire Market Town Profiles identify Malmesbury as having a high ratio of night functions per head of population.

Malmesbury has 2 primary schools, 1 secondary school, and 2 further education Education establishments. Malmesbury has GP services. The Malmesbury Community and Health Hospital has now been replaced by a Primary Care Centre. Malmesbury has Christian churches but little evidence of places of worship for Faith other faiths.

Malmesbury has a town centre of high environmental quality which attracts shoppers due to the range and quality of shops available. The High Street and Market Cross area are complimented by the Abbey and adjacent river and Facilities and Town Centre gardens. The town retains a historic core. Malmesbury has a high level of services Conclusions and acts as a tourist location and cultural hub for a wider catchment than might be expected for a town of this size. The outstanding environmental quality of town is matched by services and facilities.

Strategic Transport Malmesbury is one the worst performing potential Policy B settlements. Assessment Malmesbury scored a total of 37 in the Strategic Transport Assessment.

Malmesbury scored well in terms of accessibility, percentage within 400m of hourly bus service, and journey to work distance. Lower scores were given for bus 19 Transport Assessment connectivity, highway capacity, and percentage journey to work by car. Conclusions Malmesbury does not have a train station and therefore did not receive a score for the rail indicators. Malmesbury is a relatively rural settlement but the proximity of the M4 allows for there to be better access links than might be expected.

Around 6 ha of PDL have been considered through the strategic sites identification process. These sites could deliver between 136 and 299 dwellings in Developable Malmesbury (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, which did not assess 3, 6, 14 & Brownfield Land Capacity all of the sites, and the upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per 24 hectare). In addition 324 dwellings are either committed or under construction on PDL. A number of possible Greenfield sites around Malmesbury have been considered Greenfield in the SHLAA. These sites have a combined capacity of between 1,547 and 4,736 dwellings.

215 dwellings have received planning permission and are expected to be Already completed in Malmesbury. In addition there are 3.5 ha of employment land with Committed outstanding planning permission and 3.9 ha of outstanding employment land allocations.

There is a large amount of land available for development in or around Malmesbury. However the majority of this is Greenfield. In terms of employment Land Capacity Conclusions land there is an outstanding local plan allocation and a number of outstanding permissions. There are various County Wildlife Sites within and around the town. There are areas of flood risk to the south of Malmesbury and passing through the town to the north and east of the town centre. The Cotswolds AONB is located to the west Natural Environmental of Malmesbury. An area defined in the Local Plan as a Locally Important 24, 21 & Constraints Archaeological Site is located to the west of Malmesbury and covers some of the 23 western side of the town.

Malmesbury has a Conservation Area with 306 listed buildings within the town. Built This includes 6 Grade I monuments. Environmental Constraints Clearly development will be heavily affected by both environmental and built Conclusions constraints.

Malmesbury Community Area Plan (2005-2015) The Plan values the self-sufficiency of Malmesbury and considers that is has a Community wide range and good mix of shops and services, servicing not only the town but a Area Plan large rural area. It is a ‘proper working town’, not a dormitory for commuters. The plan acknowledges that there is an over reliance on the motor car as the area suffers from poor public transport.

Local Plans Malmesbury Conservation Area Appraisal (April 2007) The statement considers that Malmesbury is a successful and generally thriving Conservation market town. It defines Malmesbury as a town that continues to act as a local Statements & service and commercial centre with a range of shops and businesses, especially Development in the High Street and Abbey Row. The town’s high car ownership, rural location Briefs and lack of comprehensive public transport network is mentioned and considered a threat to the town’s character.

Malmesbury employment offer is clearly valued, alongside the town’s architecture Local Plans Review and beauty. The lack of public transport is highlighted.

• Malmesbury's natural and historical assets form a vital part of the community and their protection is of prime importance. • Future development outside the town centre should not be allowed to swamp the heart of this important historic settlement or destroy its character. Issues and • Additional housing to meet local needs. Previous Options (Oct • Parking is a problem which drives residents to go out of town. Consultations 2007) • Bear in mind the size of Malmesbury and the restrictions of the hill top town centre. • Future development should be strictly limited and contained within the existing development boundaries. No development within the river valleys and existing green corridors.

Three options for the location of development were presented in the North Wiltshire 2nd Issues and Options consultation. Options 1 and 3 identified Calne, Corsham, Malmesbury, and Wootton Bassett as ‘Tier 2’ (Policy B) settlements. SA/SEA of former District Option 2 identified Calne as a ‘Tier 2’ (Policy B) settlement, and Malmesbury was 26 Options Work included in the list of ‘Tier 3’ (Policy C) settlements. There were no significant negative effects recorded for these options. However, significant positive effects were recorded in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities with these four towns identified as Policy B settlements. The road network in Malmesbury should be able to manage the additional housing growth but there is still a problem with out-commuting. Limited capacity in the sewer system means that further development may require a new pumping station. Expansion of education facilities, new premises for the emergency services and a major refurbishment of the library building are all likely to be Infrastructure Capacity 27 needed. The new primary care centre could only absorb an extra 200 to 400 houses but there is no need to improve leisure facilities. Existing rights of way and public transport routes would need to be preserved and upgraded. Several potential constraints to development include flooding, archaeological finds, and biodiversity and landscape impacts.

Malmesbury, uniquely in Wiltshire for a market town of its size, sees a good level of in-commuting from surrounding settlements. However, the town is highly constrained environmentally and has a number of historic buildings characterised by its proximity to the Cotswolds. In the past there has been a reliance on a single employer. However, despite a number of changes at this employment site in recent years, this has not affected the overall amount of employment in Malmesbury. Malmesbury retains a good level of services and facilities and has a Conclusions number of larger villages in its rural hinterland which also retain a reasonable level of services. There has been a high level of development in the Community Area as a whole. With a relatively large number of residential permissions outstanding across the Community Area it is proposed that further housing allocations at Malmesbury will be limited. Nevertheless, Malmesbury has been identified as the least affordable settlement in the north Wiltshire area. The small allocation recognises the need to continue to support employment, services and facilities in the Community Area as a whole and to address the issue of housing affordability.

Housing Allocation for Malmesbury Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 266 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 215 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 481 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 36 Allocated Dwellings 200 Total to be built 2006 -2026 717

Employment Land for Malmesbury Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0.6 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 3.5 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 3.9 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 8 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 0 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 8

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance to Total Bus Transport Journey to Service Nearest Affordable Population Households Employed (8 Facilities (18, 25 Connectivity Assessment Work Centre Service Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) & 9) & 28) (19) Score (19) Service (28) (km) (24) Centre (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP Ashton Keynes 1240 520 589 Surgery. 1 19 JTW Level 2 8.3 Cirencester High Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP Sherston 1260 500 416 Surgery & Clinic. 1 31 JTW Level 2 7.8 Malmesbury Medium C2 Church, Primary School, Daily Great Somerford 560 220 126 Store. 1 18 JTW Level 2 5.3 Malmesbury Medium Church, Primary School, Daily Chipping Luckington 320 140 193 Store. 1 32 JTW Level 2 10.1 Sodbury High Open Countryside Milbourne 340 140 Not Available Daily Store No Data No Data JTW Level 1 1.1 Malmesbury Low Church, Primary School, Daily Oaksey 420 160 101 Store. 1 19 JTW Level 2 8.4 Cirencester Low

The larger settlements of Ashton Keynes and Sherston both have a good level of facilities, an affordable housing need and a reasonable level of employment. Limited development at these settlements will continue to provide for the rural communities they serve and support the existing facilities within them. Beyond these two settlements both Great Somerford and Luckington are identified as being suitable for some infill development given that they both have a reasonable range of facilities, journey to work services and an affordable housing need. Oaksey is not considered suitable for further development despite a reasonable level of services as there is little affordable housing need and a low level of employment. Milbourne is not considered suitable for any level of development.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 134 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 127 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 11 Total in Planning System 272 Allocated Dwellings 124 Total to be built 2006 -2026 396

Marlborough Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 7280 Total Population 17800 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Marlborough 3320 8300 Aldbourne 680 1640 Ramsbury 620 1500 Baydon 200 540 Health & education, retail and business Key Employment Sectors services Avebury, The Merchants House, Silbury Hill & Heritage Assets West Kennet Long Barrow Nearest SSCT Swindon Transport Routes A4, A346 Hackpen & Marlborough White Horse, Fyfield Major Environmental Features Down Nature Reserve & Savernake North Wessex Downs AONB & Savernake Forest, Silbury Hill, Fyfield Down, River Kennet, Environmental Designations and Piggledene SSSIs Settlement Marlborough Data Source

There is a need for 192 affordable houses per annum in the Marlborough Community Area, and an estimated supply of 76 dwellings. This leaves a shortfall of 115 dwellings. The supply of affordable dwellings as a percentage of need in Marlborough (39.4%) is slightly above the average for the former Affordable Kennet district (36.4%). In the former Kennet district there is an average need Housing Need for 17 affordable dwellings per 1,000 houses net which represents a net affordable need of 1.7% of the total households. This is slightly above the average for the UK (1.6%) and similar to the South West (1.7%). Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Average house prices remain higher in the former Kennet district than the Housing average for England as a whole. However average house prices in the former 2, 5 & 6 Kennet district did not rise at the same rate as house prices in the South West in the period 2000-2005 (48% increase in Kennet, 82% increase in the South West). The Marlborough Community Area has the highest house prices in the Affordability former Kennet district, with the distinction particularly marked for four bedroom houses. Rental prices in Marlborough are also reported as being higher than in the other Community Areas in the former Kennet district. However, Marlborough also has the highest estimated average income (£37,380) in the former Kennet district (the average income across the four community areas in the former Kennet district is £32,644). Marlborough has seen a very low number of completions since 2001 compared to other towns in Wiltshire. Only 51 dwellings have been completed in Housing Marlborough since 2006. As there is a net affordable housing need of 115 Completions dwellings per annum, the current low level of housing completions would suggest that the affordable housing need is unlikely to be met.

Marlborough is the most expensive Community Area in the former district of Kennet. The level of net affordable housing need is high despite higher incomes Housing Conclusions and it is not unreasonable to describe the area as suffering from affordability issues. This may be exacerbated by a low level of completions since 2001. Marlborough has a self-containment level of 51% based on the 2001 Census. This is one the highest levels of self-containment of the proposed Policy B Self- settlements. Marlborough is fairly well located with the M4 nearby, although containment there is little to the south of Marlborough in terms of highways access. The most and Dormitory popular commuting destination for residents who travel to work outside Status Marlborough is Swindon. The average commuting distance is higher than the Wiltshire average, with a higher proportion of Marlborough residents travelling to work by car.

Marlborough has around 3,400 employed residents, and around 4,300 people are employed within the town. It is therefore possible that all employed residents could be employed within Marlborough. The employment structure in Marlborough is based around health and education, retail and business Existing services. The key employment areas include Woodstock Court, Blenheim Road, Concentration Rainscombe Park and Old Lion Court, with key employment sites at London and mix of 8, 9, 10, 12 Employment Road and Salisbury Road. The largest employer is Marlborough College which Employers & 14 employs approximately 14% of those employed within the town. Waitrose employs 6% and a Primary School employs 5% of those employed within the town. Marlborough should be relatively resistant to mass job losses resulting from a single business closure.

Marlborough is not identified as a strategic employment centre in the Wiltshire Workplace and Employment Land Strategy 2009. The Atkins Economic Study of Kennet District identified the Marlborough Business Park as an important allocation and considers that it is nearing completion, but should provide for Potential Marlborough's needs up until 2011. However, there are other sites in Marlborough which may be able to supply enough locally significant employment land in the future, particularly the Salisbury road site which has large outstanding consents, and the Council depot which the study recommends for possible mixed use development. Marlborough has smaller employment base compared to other market towns in Wiltshire, yet has a reasonable level of self containment for town of its size. The employment base at Marlborough is varied and although there is some out- Employment Conclusions commuting, the average commuting distance is low. The town was not highlighted in the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 as a strategic location for employment growth but allocated sites remain available and further opportunities should exist for expansion of the employment offer.

Less Vulnerable. Marlborough is only vulnerable in two indicators. Marlborough Market Town Profiles is assessed as having a trend towards an ageing population with slightly less 15 Assessment growth in the economy than might be expected. Marlborough is identified as most closely resembling a tourist town.

Marlborough has a supermarket, 15 convenience stores and 92 comparison retail outlets. Marlborough is identified as one of the main towns for retail in the Retail former Kennet district and consistently sees low vacancy rates. Marlborough is often highlighted as having a wide independent food offer including butchers and greengrocers etc as well as many boutique shops and specialist retailers.

Marlborough has a library and a Tourist Information Centre, and a museum is located within the Community Area (at Avebury). The Wiltshire Market Town Profiles identify Marlborough as having a good ratio of night functions to Cultural and 16, 18, 24 Facilities population. Marlborough also has a leisure centre. Marlborough acts as a tourist Entertainment & 25 destination through the outstanding historical buildings and architecture that remains. Marlborough High Street is one of the widest of its era and the nature of its layout continues to reflect the original use.

Marlborough has 3 primary schools, 1 secondary school and 1 further education Education and establishment. Marlborough has a number of GP services and a community Health hospital and other alternative medicine practices. Marlborough has Christian churches and some evidence of other faiths, but Faith without major places of worship.

Marlborough is consistently described as a thriving town centre and has low vacancy rates. National chains and smaller specialist shops are all housed in a unique historic setting. The High Street is the prime shopping area which is Facilities and Town Centre striking due to its great width and consistent built form. Marlborough also has Conclusions numerous other areas of architectural importance with an abundance of historic buildings across the town including, the Green, the Parade and Marlborough College. The general level of facilities is complimented by the town's profile as a tourist destination and the independent food offer in Marlborough.

Marlborough scored a total of 39 in the Strategic Transport Assessment. Strategic Transport Assessment Marlborough is one the poorer performing Policy B settlements.

Marlborough scored well in terms of accessibility, bus services and journey to work distances. Lower scores were given for bus connectivity, highway capacity 19 Transport Assessment and percentage of people who journey to work by car. Marlborough does not Conclusions have a train station and therefore did not receive a score for rail indicators. Marlborough suffers from being a relatively isolated rural settlement although the A346 gives some access to Swindon and the M4. One PDL site has been considered through the strategic sites identification process in Marlborough. This site has an area of 2.11 ha, and the SHLAA yield Brownfield for the site is 48 dwellings. The site could potentially accommodate 106 dwellings, if a density of 50 dwellings per hectare is assumed. In addition 265 dwellings are either committed or under construction on PDL. Three possible Greenfield sites around Marlborough have been considered Developable through the strategic sites identification process. These sites have a combined 3, 6, 14 & Land Capacity Greenfield area of 12.13 ha and a capacity of between 273 and 607 dwellings (the lower 24 yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). 237 dwellings have received planning permission and are expected to be Already completed during the plan period in Marlborough. In addition there is Committed outstanding permission for 5.6 ha of employment land.

There are limited residential sites that could be developed, although some PDL is available. Marlborough has a medium to large number of dwellings already Land Capacity Conclusions committed, almost half of which are on PDL. There is an existing supply of employment land available in the short term. There is considerable developable land available at Marlborough. Marlborough is entirely within the North Wessex Downs AONB. There are various SSSIs and County Wildlife sites on land to the south and east of the town. An area of flood risk passes through the town, and two river corridors Natural pass through the town. There are some areas of Grade 1 agricultural land on the edge of the town, and an area of Ancient Woodland is located to the south Environmental 24, 21 & east. An Area of High Ecological Value is located to the south of the town. Constraints 23 Marlborough has a Conservation Area Statement that includes most of the buildings on the High Street. There are also many listed buildings around the Built Green and land to the west of the Conservation Area is designated in the Kennet Local Plan 2011 as an Area of Special Quality.

Marlborough is highly constrained in terms of both the natural and built Environmental Constraints environment. Any development will need to be carefully located and must give Conclusions due care and attention to the existing character of the town.

Marlborough Community Area Plan (2004-2012) The community plan highlights the lack of development land, particularly employment land. This manifests itself in a low number of new business start- Community ups and the high cost of premises in Marlborough. The plan comments on the Area Plan frequency and extent of conventional public transport provision and is looking for improved waiting and interchange facilities and local route networks for cyclists and pedestrians.

Local Plans Marlborough Conservation Statement (June 2003) The statement considers that Marlborough is an important regional residential, commercial and scholastic Conservation centre and notes that Marlborough is an affluent town and the centre of a much Statements & sought-after residential and retirement area. The statement highlights how the Development character of town makes it a centre for tourism, shopping, leisure, and Briefs retirement, as well as business. This as an important factor in the vitality and viability of Marlborough.

The lack of new employment is considered an issue, while public transport also Local Plans Review remain poor. The town is noted for its architecture and unique character making it a very attractive destination for residents and tourists alike.

Marlborough: Should utilise the strength of a picturesque town. Marlborough has Issues and a wide independent food offer including butchers and greengrocers etc. Previous Options (Oct District: The majority of local opinion wishes to see the towns of Marlborough Consultations 2007) and Tidworth/Ludgershall take a proportion of future growth to help them meet local needs.

The SA concludes that positive effects are likely to occur on Housing, Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities if growth was SA/SEA of former District spread across the three main towns in the former Kennet District. The SA 26 Options Work concluded that focusing development on fewer settlements particularly one of the options that looked at Devizes only would result in negative impacts on Air Quality, Pollution and Transport.

The amount of housing proposed for Marlborough would not be an issue for the road network. However, a new GP surgery, reinforcement of the utility infrastructure, some expansion of the education facilities, new premises for the emergency services and the expansion or re-location of the library are all likely Infrastructure Capacity to be needed. The latter could be co-located with the leisure facilities. It will be 27 important to preserve and enhance existing rights of way and public transport routes and be mindful of the impact on the AONB, SSSIs and other wildlife sites in the area. The impact on the setting of the hillfort on the opposite side of Chopping Knife Lane will also need to be considered. Marlborough is one of the smaller market towns in Wiltshire and despite a reasonable level of employment suffers from an isolated rural setting. Marlborough has seen relatively few housing completions over recent years and is one of the least affordable settlements in Wiltshire. The employment base in Marlborough is fairly large for a town of its size and there is relatively little out- commuting compared to other settlements in Wiltshire. Marlborough is well served in terms of facilities and has a good independent retail offer, possibly Conclusions due to the town’s status as a tourist destination. Marlborough is heavily constrained by environmental factors and its rural location means it is some distance from the significant transport corridors that run through Wiltshire. The quantity of dwellings and employment development allocated to Marlborough is limited due to both the constrained nature of the town and the role of the town in Wiltshire. Nevertheless, the allocation of strategic housing at Marlborough will support employment, help retain and enhance services and facilities, and help address affordable housing need.

Housing Allocation for Marlborough Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 51 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 237 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 288 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 66 Allocated Dwellings 250 Total to be built 2006 -2026 604

Employment Land for Marlborough Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 2.1 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 5.6 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 0 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 7.7 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 0 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 7.7

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance Journey to to Total Bus Transport Work Service Nearest Affordabl Populatio Households Employed Connectivit Assessment Service Centre Service e Housing Settlement n (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) y (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) Centre (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Marlboroug Aldbourne 1640 680 389 Store, Clinic, Library. No Data No Data 2 9.6 h Medium Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Ramsbury 1500 620 369 Store, Library, GP Surgery. 2 30 2 6.9 Hungerford Medium C2 Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Baydon 540 200 140 Store. No Data No Data 2 11 Hungerford Medium Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Wootton Broad Hinton 540 200 137 Store. No Data No Data 2 7.8 Bassett Low Open Countryside JTW Level Marlboroug Fyfield 160 60 75 Church, Daily Store. No Data No Data 1 4.2 h Low

In the Marlborough Community Area two settlements have been considered suitable for a limited level of development. Aldbourne and Ramsbury both have a good level of services, a concentration of employment and a journey to work service. Both settlements have an affordable housing need. Below these two settlements both Baydon and Broad Hinton have been identified as capable of some limited infill. Both of these settlements have a reasonable level of facilities and some employment and are relatively remote. Some development at these settlements will help support the rural communities they serve. Fyfield was not felt a suitable location in for any development. This is partly due to its proximity to Marlborough and partly due to the small size of the settlement.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 77 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 43 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 120 Allocated Dwellings 125 Total to be built 2006 -2026 245

Melksham Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 11940 Total Population 27880 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Melksham 8420 19520 Atworth 440 1020 Semington 360 880 Whitley 360 820 Chemicals & minerals, retail, education & health, Key Employment Sectors business services and manufacturing Great Chalfield Manor, Church of St Michael Heritage Assets and All Angels & The Spa Nearest SSCT Trowbridge A350 & Chippenham/ Trowbridge Rail Line (very Transport Routes few services stop at Melksham station) Major Environmental Features River Avon Spye Park, Steeple Ashton, Seend Ironstone Quarry and Road Cutting, and Seend Cleeve Environmental Designations Quarry SSSIs

Settlement Melksham Data Source Melksham has a similar level of affordable housing need as the average for the former West Wiltshire District area. The net affordable need per annum is 66 Affordable dwellings which represents 1% of the total households in Melksham. This figure is Housing slightly above the average for the West of England (WoE) Housing Market Area Need (HMA). The Affordable Housing Register for Wiltshire shows that there is greatest demand for smaller rented dwelling types in Melksham.

In Melksham 43% of resident households could afford to buy based solely on their income, this is similar to the average for the former West Wiltshire District area, where around 48% were able to buy, based on wealth adjusted figures. In terms of rental property, 48% were able to afford to rent within the town based solely on income; again this is similar to the average for the West Wiltshire District area. Housing Average house prices (£176,049) in the former West Wiltshire District are lower 1 & 6 Affordability than the average for the WoE area (£191,683) and lower than the rest of the South West region (187,751). The median lower quartile house prices (estimated first time buyer threshold price) in Melksham (£108,996) is higher than for many other towns in the former West Wiltshire District, but lower than the average for the WoE (£119,708) as a whole. Melksham residents have an average weekly income (£585) which is significantly lower that that of the WoE (£608), but is similar to the average in the former West Wiltshire District

Melksham has seen a high level of completions since 2001 compared to similar Housing towns in Wiltshire and 268 dwellings have been completed since 2006. However, Completions as there is a net affordable housing need of 66 dwellings per annum, it is unlikely that the demand for affordable housing will be met.

Although house prices in Melksham are lower than the average for the WoE area, average incomes are also lower. There is therefore a higher than average need for affordable dwellings. There has been a reasonable level of completions in Melksham since 2001 and some large developments in Melksham already have Housing Conclusions permission. This planned development will go some way towards addressing the future affordable housing need. There is no specific local needs assessment for the former West Wiltshire District and so the demand for affordable housing is limited to strategic level assumptions.

Melksham has a relatively low level of self-containment at just 45% based on the 2001 Census, despite having a relatively large employment base. Melksham sees Self- a large level of out-commuting to the surrounding employment centres. These containment include the larger centres of Trowbridge, Chippenham, and Bath as well as to the 8, 9, 10, 13 Employment and smaller centres of Calne, Corsham and Devizes. However, Melksham itself is still & 14 Dormitory the most common destination for work for residents of the town. There are also Status very low average commuting distances for Melksham residents along with a higher than average number of commuters using public transport.

Melksham has a significant employment base. The 2001 Census indicated that some 7,800 jobs existed in Melksham, whilst the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009, suggests that 5,100 jobs were present in the town. This equates to a potential of 54% of the 9,400 employed residents, as specified in the 2001 Census, being employed within the town. The employment structure is based around chemicals and minerals, retail, education and health, Existing business services and manufacturing. Key employment areas include Lancaster Concentration Park, New Broughton Road and a number of business parks and industrial and mix of estates and town centre offices. Key employment sites include the Bower Hill Employers Industrial estate, Avon Tyres, Hampton Park and Bradford Road. While there is a varied mix of employers, Cooper Tire and Rubber and Knorr-Bremse Rail Systems can be regarded as key employers in the town. Cooper Tire and Rubber employ approximately 20% of those employed within the settlement. Clearly the closure of any large employers in the town would have significant detrimental effects on the settlement. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 (WWELS) has identified seven market towns in Wiltshire that should have a key role for providing future employment space. The seven identified market towns include Melksham. The WWELS has also made recommendations for future land supply across Wiltshire with a 12.6 ha allocation recommended for Melksham. On this basis Potential there is a need to allocate additional employment land in the town. A particular need for employment land in the vicinity of the Bowerhill Industrial Estate exists which is in urgent need of refurbishment/improvement. The WWELS identified four potential employment sites in Melskham, with sites in the vicinity of the railway and also south of the A365 at Hampton Park, to be retained.

The WWELS has indicated that the amount of jobs in Melksham is low considering the size of the population. Melksham has higher than average levels of out-commuting. As there is also a dominant single employer located in the Employment Conclusions town, there may be some vulnerability to mass job losses. Nevertheless, there are good opportunities to expand the employment base within Melksham and allocations of employment land in the town will be key to helping to deliver economic growth across Wiltshire.

Highly Vulnerable. Melksham scores as vulnerable in all five indicators, Market Town Profiles particularly in relation to employment decline and poor night time functions. 15 Assessment Melksham may be considered to lack clear defining characteristics and functions more closely as a commuter town. Melksham has 12 convenience stores in the town centre with two out-of-centre supermarkets. There are also 58 comparison retail outlets in the town, including some national chains. However, it is noted that compared to comparable towns in West Wiltshire, Melksham has a lower number of comparison stores. The retail Retail offer in Melksham does not attract shoppers from outside the immediate rural surrounds, despite being the third largest centre in the former West Wiltshire area. The West Wiltshire Retail Needs Study (2007) states that “there is considerable scope for improvements to the town centre environment to attract more visitors”. . Melksham is an historic weaving town and a large number of attractive buildings, 17, 18, 24 Facilities Cultural and as well as the market place, remain. Melksham has a leisure centre and & 25 Entertainment swimming pool, library and a ten-pin bowling alley. Melksham provides the full range of education facilities and provides educational Education opportunities for the locality beyond the town itself. A new secondary school is and Health currently being constructed to the south east of the town. Melksham has a community hospital, GP surgeries and pharmacies. Melksham has a number of Christian churches, but there is little evidence of other Faith faiths being represented. There are a large number of historic buildings in Melksham, however there is considerable work to do in regenerating the town centre and a Town Plan is currently being progressed. The retail centre has developed away from the most Facilities and Town Centre attractive parts of the town. Poor quality infill development has also lessoned the Conclusions overall quality of the townscape in the town centre. However, Melksham is well served in terms of facilities, especially entertainment facilities. Proposals have been made for a new leisure centre and a new secondary school is currently being built in Melksham. Strategic Transport Melksham scored very favourably (ranked 4th) in the Transport Assessment for Assessment Wiltshire. Total Score 49.

Melksham scored well in the Transport Assessment for Wiltshire which is likely to be influenced by the presence of a railway station. However, compared to the other West Wiltshire towns that scored well, rail connectivity in Melksham is poor, 19 Transport Assessment and the rail service is currently limited. The highway capacity of Melksham and Conclusions the bus services were also less favourably rated compared to other West Wiltshire towns. However, the location of Melksham between the larger centres of Trowbridge and Chippenham, with good road connectivity via the A350, ensures that access to these centres only involves short journey times.

16.24 ha of PDL have been considered through the strategic sites identification Developable process. These sites could deliver between 275 and 815 dwellings (the lower yield 3, 6, 14 & Brownfield Land Capacity is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based on 50 dwellings per 24 hectare). There are also some 68 dwellings committed on PDL. There are a large number of Greenfield sites identified in the SHLAA, with somewhere in the range of 3,750 to 12,700 dwellings able to be delivered on Greenfield these sites. The main area of expansion with an existing permission is Clackers Brook site to the east of Melksham. Melksham has a large number of dwellings with outstanding planning permission, Already of which 1,014 are expected to be completed during the plan period. There are Committed also an additional 3.8 ha of employment land with outstanding planning permission.

Melksham has a large amount of committed development, both employment and Land Capacity Conclusions residential. There is also a significant amount of land identified in the SHLAA that could provide for further development, although most of this is Greenfield land.

Melksham has the River Avon CWS running through it and large areas of the town and an area to the south of the town are in Flood Risk Zones. To the west and the Natural Environmental North there is Grade1 & 2 agricultural land. Melksham is surrounded by minerals 24, 21 & Constraints consultation areas. 23 Melksham has a small conservation area covering the north west of the town Built which includes over 200 listed buildings. Environmental Constraints Melksham is relatively unconstrained. Conclusions

Melksham Area Community Strategy 2004 -2014 The Melksham Area Plan has four key priorities for the future. These are: i) to secure investment in the Town Centre to improve both its physical Community appearance and the economic potential for investment; Area Plan ii) to develop and implement an Integrated Economic Regeneration Strategy, to include the promotion of Lifelong Learning for all; iii) to ensure that all Young People have access to the widest range of facilities, services, and opportunities; and Local Plans iv) to develop an Integrated Transport Network for the Community Area.

Clackers Brook Development Brief (2004) 22.5 ha site for development of 750 Conservation homes east of Melksham. Statements, Development Melksham Urban Design Study (published for consultation in 2006) This Briefs & report includes suggested proposals for Market Place, High Street, and Bank Urban Design Street down to the bridge over River Avon. The document has not been adopted Studies by Wiltshire Council, but nonetheless contains useful information regarding the current character of Melksham and possible future projects. The plans highlight the need to improve Melksham Town Centre. The Community Strategy also focuses on economic regeneration, young people, and transport. Local Plans Review These issues will need to be considered when planning for the future development of Melksham. The former West Wiltshire Issues and Options consultation indicated that there Issues and Previous was clear support for Melksham to be classified as a Category B settlement. Options (Oct Consultations There was also overwhelming support for Melksham to be the focus of town 2007) centre regeneration and enhancement to improve the shopping environment. The former West Wiltshire District second issues and options work put forward a number of different scenarios, with Westbury and Bradford-on-Avon moving between Policy B and C. No significant negative effects were recorded for any of the options, although a number of minor negative effects were recorded. SA/SEA of former District However, option 3, that focused development on a larger range of large 26 Options Work settlements and fewer smaller settlements across the District was identified as preferred. A number of likely significant positive effects were identified for this option relating to Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities.

It will be necessary to demonstrate how adequate demand management and containment can be achieved for the road network around Melksham in consideration of future housing growth. Improvements to public transport may help and proposals to increase the number of trains running through Melksham railway station have been made. This proposal would involve reinstating an additional platform at Chippenham railway station, which will require some additional funding. In any case, the planned growth will need reinforcement of the Infrastructure Capacity 27 utility infrastructure, expansion of education, health and library facilities and additional investment in leisure facilities and the emergency services. Existing rights of ways and public transport routes will need to be preserved and enhanced. The proposed route of the Wilts & Berks Canal restoration project around Melksham will also need to be taken into account. There are likely to be several constraints, relating to flooding, biodiversity, landscape and archaeological issues. Melksham is one of the larger market towns in Wiltshire. A large number of existing permissions for housing exist in the town. These include a planned urban extension to the east of Melksham of around 700 dwellings. Melksham has been identified as suitable for strategic employment growth. Future housing growth in the town will help support Melksham as a strategic employment centre. While the town retains a good level of facilities, it is noted that the town centre and retail offer has suffered in recent years. For this reason, regeneration ambitions for the town centre should remain a priority. The A350 provides an important north/south Conclusions route adjacent to Melksham and the potential exists to increase the frequency of rail services. The town is in close proximity to both Chippenham and Trowbridge. Due to the large number of dwellings in Melksham which already have planning permission, the strategic housing allocation will be relatively low. This should ensure that the overall level of development is appropriate for the town. Although additional employment sites are already allocated in Melksham in the existing District Plan, additional sites will still need to be identified. It is important that new development provides a good balance between housing growth and new job creation, thus helping to improve the self-containment of the town.

Housing Allocation for Melksham Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 268 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 1,014 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 160 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 1,442 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 88 Allocated Dwellings 400 Total to be built 2006 -2026 1,930

Employment Land for Melksham Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 6.4 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 3.8 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 7.6 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 17.8 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 8.6 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 26.4

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Atworth has been identified as a settlement capable of some limited development. Atworth has a reasonable level of services, has good transport connections, a concentration of employment and an identified affordable housing need. Beyond Atworth two settlements have been identified for limited infill, Seend and Steeple Ashton, both of these settlements have a reasonable level of facilities and an identified affordable housing need. Whitley has been considered unsuitable for further development due to its proximity to Melksham and the lack of a critical affordable housing need.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 15 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 33 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 48 Allocated Dwellings 57 Total to be built 2006 -2026 105

Pewsey Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 5920 Total Population 13460 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Pewsey 1560 3420 Burbage 600 1420 Great Bedwyn 500 1140 Upavon 200 700 Education & Health, Business Services, Key Employment Sectors Construction, Distribution & Electronics Chisbury Chapel, Wilton Windmill & Crofton Heritage Assets Beam Engines Nearest SSCT Salisbury A345, Kennet & Avon Canal and the Great Transport Routes Western Mainline (Rail) Alton Barnes and Pewsey White Horse & Major Environmental Features Salisbury Plain Salisbury Plain, Jones’ Mill, The River Avon System, Pewsey Downs, Botley Down, and Ham Environmental Designations Hill SSSIs Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance Journey to to Total Bus Transport Work Service Nearest Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Service Centre Service Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) Centre (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily Store, JTW Level Burbage 1420 600 284 GP Surgery & Clinic. 2 29 1 9.4 Marlborough Medium Great Church, Primary School, Daily Store, JTW Level Bedwyn 1140 500 222 GP Surgery & Clinic. 2 44 1 7 Hungerford Medium Church, Primary School, Daily Store, GP Surgery & Clinic, Library, Leisure JTW Level Pewsey 3420 1560 1216 Centre. 3 44 1 9.7 Marlborough Medium JTW Level Upavon 700 200 1212 Church, GP Surgery, Daily Store. 2 27 2 11.2 Durrington High C2 JTW Level Shalbourne 280 120 88 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. No Data No Data 2 5.3 Hungerford Medium

Pewsey is unique among the Community Areas of Wiltshire in that it does not have a Policy A or B settlement. Nevertheless, Pewsey is one of the largest Policy C settlements in Wiltshire and has a good range of facilities and services, a concentration of employment, good transport connections and an indentified affordable housing need. The Pewsey Community Area and the communities within it will also be supported by identifying Burbage and Great Bedwyn as settlements capable of some limited development. Both these settlements have a good level of services and facilities and an identified affordable housing need. Development at these locations will continue to support the rural communities they serve. Upavon has also been identified as a settlement capable of some limited development. It is in a relatively isolated setting and the small military presence creates a concentration of employment at this location. Upavon also has an affordable housing need, although it scores less favourably in terms of journey to work services. Limit development at these settlements, in line with their roles and the extent of the rural hinterland they serve, will support the communities of the Pewsey Community Area, despite not having a strategically allocated 'market town'. The smaller village of Shalbourne will include some limited infill to respond to affordable housing needs and to support the services and facilities that exist within the village.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 178 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 63 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 60 Total in Planning System 301 Allocated Dwellings 216 Total to be built 2006 -2026 517

Tidworth Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 5690 Total Population 16280 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Tidworth 2260 8380 Ludgershall 1720 3980 Netheravon 420 1040 Collingbourne Ducis 280 800 Education and health, retail and public Key Employment Sectors administration and defence

Heritage Assets Ludgershall Castle Nearest SSCT Salisbury Transport Routes A338 & A342 Major Environmental Features Salisbury Plain Salisbury Plain and The River Avon System Environmental Designations SSSIs

Settlement Tidworth & Ludgershall Data Source

There is a need for 314 affordable houses per annum in the Tidworth Community Area, and an estimated supply of 71 dwellings. This leaves a shortfall of 243 dwellings, which is by far the biggest shortfall of dwellings in either of the former districts of North Wiltshire and Kennet. The supply of affordable dwellings as a percentage of need (22.6%) in Tidworth is also the Affordable lowest and much lower than the average (36.4%) in the former Kennet district. Housing There is an average need for 17 affordable dwellings per 1,000 houses net in Need the former Kennet district, which represents a net affordable need of 1.7% of the total households. This is slightly above the average for the UK (1.6%) and similar to the South West (1.7%). Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Housing Average house prices remain higher in the former Kennet district than the 2, 4 & 6 average for England as a whole. However, average house prices in the former Kennet district did not rise at the same rate as house prices in the South West in the period 2000-2005 (48% increase in Kennet, 82% increase in the South Affordability West). The Tidworth Community Area has the lowest average house prices in the former Kennet district. Rental prices are similar to the average for the former Kennet district. However, Tidworth has the lowest estimated average income (£29,313) in the former Kennet District (the average income across the four community areas in the former Kennet district is £32,644)

Tidworth and Ludgershall have seen a low number of completions since 2001 compared to other towns of similar sizes in Wiltshire. 188 dwellings have been Housing completed in Tidworth and Ludgershall since 2006. As there is a net Completions affordable housing need of 243 dwellings per annum in the Community Area, the current low level of housing completions would suggest that the affordable housing need is unlikely to be met.

The Tidworth Community Area has an acute shortage of affordable housing, with the highest future net affordable housing need of any area in Wiltshire. This situation is likely to be exacerbated by relatively high house prices in the Housing Conclusions former Kennet district and lower incomes in the Community Area. There have not been many dwellings completed in Tidworth/Ludgershall since 2001. If this low level of completions is continued then it is likely that acute shortage of affordable housing will remain an issue. Tidworth and Ludgershall have a self containment score of 56% based on the 2001 Census. This is a favourable score compared with the other settlements in Wiltshire. Tidworth is close to the A303, which is a major transport route Self- from the South East to the South West, but the settlement is relatively isolated containment to the north. Andover is the main destination for those residents who commute and to work outside Tidworth/Ludgershall. Nearly 1,500 Tidworth/Ludgershall Dormitory residents commute to Andover. The average commuting distance is low and Status almost 25% of the working population travel to work on foot, which is far higher than for any other town in Wiltshire. However, the results for Tidworth/Ludgershall are clearly influenced by the large military presence. Tidworth/Ludgershall has around 7,000 employed residents and around 6,300 people are employed in the town. While Tidworth/Ludgershall only has employment opportunities for 90% of employed residents, it has a high level of self containment, largely due to the presence of the MOD. Almost 4,000 Existing people live and work in Tidworth/Ludgershall. The employment structure is Concentration 8, 9, 10, 11 Employment based around education and health, retail and public administration and and mix of & 14 defence. Key employment areas are Tidworth town centre, Hedge End Farm Employers and Ludgershall Business park. Key employment sites include the Castledown and Bourne. Tidworth/Ludgershall’s employment mix is totally dominated by the MOD. Tesco is the only other medium sized employer in the town.

Tidworth/Ludgershall is not identified in the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 as a strategic employment centre. Nevertheless, the Atkins Economic Study of Kennet District identifies Castledown Business Park as an important allocation that could fulfil the Potential employment requirements of the whole former Kennet District for the period 2011 - 2016. However, the study does note that a market assessment reveals the site’s strategic significance may be limited. The study also identified the MSA depot as a site that may meet future employment needs, and the Courage Depot as a potential future mixed use site. Tidworth and Ludgershall have a good level of self containment with unusual commuting patterns, as a high percentage of people walk to work. This is because of the role of the MOD and the dominance of this employer in the towns. A withdrawal of the MOD would have serious consequences. There is some out-commuting, especially to Andover, and although a high percentage Employment Conclusions of residents could be employed in Tidworth/Ludgershall it seems unlikely that the job market would match residents’ ambitions. The Castledown Business Park forms part of the long term ambitions for developing Tidworth/Ludgershall and an abundance of employment land remains at this location which should ensure good long term employment prospects at Tidworth/Ludgershall. Highly vulnerable. Tidworth is vulnerable in all 5 indicators. Tidworth is assessed individually without Ludgershall. Tidworth Scores particularly poorly Market Town Profiles in the economy where it is dependant on the garrison, is remote from other 15 Assessment population centres, has no train station, and has zero population growth. The town’s retail and night time functions are also poor. Tidworth is characteristic of a garrison town.

There is a large supermarket in Tidworth, with 16 convenience stores and 19 comparison outlets in Tidworth/Ludgershall. Tidworth/Ludgershall has a small Retail number of retail units, a number of which are vacant. There are fewer outlets than in other Policy B settlements and there is a poorly defined town centre.

Tidworth has a new leisure centre which is combined with a library. There are Cultural and other leisure facilities but these are provided by the MOD and are not 18, 24 & Facilities Entertainment available to the general public. There is a noticeable lack of cultural facilitates in the town. 25 Tidworth/Ludgershall has 4 primary schools and 1 secondary school, but no Education further education facilitates. It is the only proposed B settlement that does not and Health have further education facilities. Tidworth/Ludgershall has a community hospital and GP services. Tidworth/Ludgershall has Christian churches but little evidence of places of Faith worship for other faiths.

Tidworth/Ludgershall is slightly different to the other market towns in Wiltshire. Neither centre has a proliferation of older buildings or a large shopping area. Nevertheless, Tidworth is well served in terms of retail, entertainment, health and education facilities. The amount of facilities is consistent with market Facilities and Town Centre towns across Wiltshire, although there is a noticeable lack of cultural facilities. Conclusions A number of the facilities in the town have links to the MOD, however there are also a number of facilities that are for MOD personnel only. The cultural/entertainment offer could be extended by wider use of existing facilities. Clearly more numerous retail outlets and better facilities will need to be a key part of the development of this settlement.

Tidworth scored 47 and Ludgershall 40 in the Transport Assessment, Strategic Transport meaning that they are ranked 5 & 14 respectively out of the assessed Assessment settlements in Wiltshire. Tidworth and Ludgershall both score well in terms of distance travelled to work and Tidworth scores particularly well in the percentage of people 19 & 20 travelling to work by car. However both settlements score less well in terms of Transport Assessment connectivity with no train services, poor highway capacity and limited bus Conclusions services. The road network in and around Tidworth/Ludgershall will need improvements to cope with a large allocation, and public transport should also be strengthened. There is a large amount of PDL available with up 84ha identified. However most of this was not assessed in the SHLAA and is in the form of ex-military Brownfield sites, some of which may not be available. There are 100 dwellings currently under construction or committed on PDL in Tidworth/Ludgershall There is a large amount of Greenfield land available in Tidworth/Ludgershall, Developable 3, 6, 14 & with up to 128ha identified. Like the PDL most of this land was not assessed Land Capacity Greenfield 24 as part of the SHLAA and therefore it is difficult to summarise the total capacity accurately. 43 dwellings have outstanding permissions in Tidworth/Ludgershall and there Already are outstanding allocations for 280 dwellings. There are also 13.1 ha of Committed employment permissions outstanding, although there are no remaining Local Plan employment allocations. There is a large amount of developable land in Tidworth/Ludgershall. The Land Capacity Conclusions majority of this land is former MOD land and a sizeable proportion is PDL. Constraints in or around Tidworth include SSSIs, County Wildlife Sites, ancient woodland, and Special Landscape Areas. There is also a floodplain Environmental Natural that runs through the town. There are also County Wildlife Sites, ancient 24, 21 & Constraints woodland, and Special Landscape Areas around Ludgershall. The North 23 Wessex Downs AONB is located to the North East of Ludgershall. Built There is very little in terms of built constraints in Tidworth/Ludgershall. Environmental Constraints Apart from the floodplain, Tidworth/Ludgershall is relatively unconstrained in Conclusions terms of both the natural and the built environment.

Tidworth Community Area Plan (2003 – 2013) The plan identifies a need for more employment opportunities in the area to provide local jobs for the available labour force. New development should Community address the imbalance between the military and civilian communities. Area Plan Tidworth and Ludgershall, in particular, need to strengthen their roles as service, leisure and shopping centres for the Community Area. In general the Local Plans plan considers that the Community Area has excellent primary and community health services and has developed a wider range of retail facilities.

Conservation Ludgershall Conservation Area Statement (March 2007) The statement Statements & expects the town to see further increases in both residential and commercial Development development in the future. Briefs The lack of facilities and employment opportunities are highlighted. The plans Local Plans Review reviewed all expected significant development at Tidworth Ludgershall in the future. Issues and The civilian imbalance within the Tidworth community area is potentially an Previous Options (Oct issue however the opportunities that the military population can and does Consultations 2007) bring to the area should also be recognised.

The SA concludes that positive effects are likely to occur on Housing, Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities if growth SA/SEA of former District was spread across the three main towns in the former Kennet District. The SA 26 Options Work concluded that focusing development on fewer settlements particularly one of the options that looked at Devizes only would result in negative impacts on Air Quality, Pollution and Transport.

The strategic road network near Tidworth and Ludgershall is already very busy, particularly around the nearby junction with the A303 and, indeed, the A303 itself is at or over capacity. Innovative and sustainable transport solutions are required, although phasing will be an important consideration with regard to the MOD sites. Some reinforcement of the utility infrastructure will be required and there may be a need to address environmental issues relating to discharge from the sewer network; the Environment Agency recommends a water cycle study. The two GP practices will have to expand to Infrastructure Capacity 27 cope with further development and the emergency services are likely to require new premises to remedy existing deficiencies and meet the new demand. Improving education provision for both towns will require close liaison with the MOD and financial contributions may be required if there is development on top of MOD proposals. Existing rights of ways and public transport routes need to be preserved and upgraded, particularly in Tidworth, which has no local bus service. The impact on the surrounding landscape and local wildlife must also be taken into account. Tidworth/Ludgershall is a unique market town in Wiltshire as it actually consists of two settlements that are being planned for jointly. The long term ambition to develop the two together, due to their complementary nature, should enable the creation of a more sustainable community overall. A significant amount of employment land has been indentified and made available at Castledown Business Park, and recent leisure and retail developments have taken place at Tidworth. The number of MOD personnel is set to increase in Tidworth and, if a better balance between military and civilian personnel is to be achieved, there needs to be significant amount of Conclusions development in the area. The location of Tidworth and Ludgershall close to the A303, a regionally important transport route, together with the existing expertise and unexplored employment potential of MOD personnel, should create an attractive proposition for potential employers. However, there remains some out-commuting to the nearby large settlement of Andover. Nevertheless, the proposed substantial development allocations at Tidworth and Ludgershall recognise the relatively unconstrained nature of these settlements and their existing development potential. However it is important that this development should be balanced and that employment and community facilities should be promoted alongside residential development.

Housing Allocation for Tidworth/Ludgershall Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 188 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 43 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 280 Total in Planning System 511 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 41 Allocated Dwellings 1,200 Total to be built 2006 -2026 1,752

Employment Land for Tidworth/Ludgershall Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 13.1 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 0 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 13.1 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 0 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 13.1

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance Journey to to Nearest Total Bus Transport Work Service Service Affordabl Populatio Households Employed Connectivit Assessment Service Centre Centre e Housing Settlement n (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) y (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily Store JTW Level Netheravon 1040 420 242 Library. 2 30 2 4.9 Durrington High C2 Collingbourne Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Ludgershal Ducis 800 280 132 Store. 2 19 2 3.6 l Medium Collingbourne Not JTW Level Ludgershal Kingston 140 60 Available Church, Daily Store. No Data No Data 2 5.8 l High

In the Tidworth Community Area, Netheravon has been identified as suitable for some limited growth. Netheravon provides a good level of rural services and facilities and has an indentified affordable housing need. The smaller villages of Collingbourne Ducis and Collingbourne Kingston are suitable for some limited infill to respond to an identified affordable housing need and support the services and facilities in these villages and the rural communities they serve.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 48 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 31 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 79 Allocated Dwellings 68 Total to be built 2006 -2026 147

Trowbridge Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 17300 Total Population 39980 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Trowbridge 16240 37200 Southwick 640 1680 North Bradley 600 1420 West Ashton 160 320 Electronics, retail, education & health, public Key Employment Sectors admin., business services and manufacturing

Heritage Assets Trowbridge Museum & Trowbridge Town Hall Nearest SSCT Trowbridge A350, A361, Kennet & Avon Canal & Wessex Transport Routes Mainline (Rail) Major Environmental Features River Biss & Southwick Country Park Environmental Designations Picket Wood and Clanger Wood SSSI

Trowbridge Role and Function Study

Role and Function Analysis

Functional Analysis of Settlements

The analysis confirmed that the main centres (Principal Urban Areas in RPG10) continued to perform a strategic function. These were:

Bristol Exeter Bournemouth/Poole Torbay Plymouth Bath Swindon Weston-super-Mare Gloucester Taunton Cheltenham

The analysis also confirmed that a number of other settlements should be named in the RSS as places where a strategic element of growth should be located. These 7 settlements were:

Weymouth Barnstaple Salisbury Dorchester Yeovil Bridgwater Trowbridge

The 3 Cornish Towns (Cambourne/Redruth/Falmouth) St Austell Newquay Stroud Cirencester Tewkesbury/Ashchurch Chippenham

The analysis concluded that Trowbridge had a self containment score of 63% and that the town imports nearly half as many employees again as its working population, although it was noted that Trowbridge retains strong travel to work patterns with Bath and Bristol. However, Trowbridge has a dominant role in terms of the surrounding settlements such as Melksham, Warminster and Westbury.

Implications for the Spatial Strategy Trowbridge is identified as one of the three Strategically Significant Cities and Towns (SSCTs) within Wiltshire. Trowbridge continues to function as an important employment, administration and service centre for Wiltshire. Regeneration and development opportunities exist within the town, which could help improve the self- containment of Trowbridge. Although enhancing the town centre remains a priority, the Transforming Trowbridge Initiative, launched in 2002 with an emphasis on urban design, place shaping and the improvement of the public realm, has delivered a number of successes. Several further large scale re-development schemes are being progressed, which will help to improve the connectivity of facilities in the town centre. Trowbridge is served by good transport links and these include the Bristol to Southampton railway line. Trowbridge has been allocated a significant proportion of both housing and employment growth, in accordance with the RSS. Development will support and enhance the retail and employment offer within the town, thus improving the self-containment and sustainability of Trowbridge.

Housing Allocation for Trowbridge Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 738 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 1,280 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 683 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 159 Total in Planning System 2,860 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 146 Allocated Dwellings 2,650 Total to be built 2006 -2026 5,656

Employment Land for Trowbridge Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0.3 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 22.3 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 4.5 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 27.1 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 23.7 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 50.8

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance to Nearest Total Bus Transport Journey to Service Service Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Work Centre Centre Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) Service (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C2 Southwick 1680 640 309 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. 3 32 JTW Level 1 3.3 Trowbridge High Open Countryside Yarnbrook 200 80 53 Church, Daily Store. No Data No Data JTW Level 1 3.6 Trowbridge Low

Southwick has been indentified as being suitable for limited infill development only, despite an affordable housing need and a reasonable concentration of employment and services. The settlement was not felt to be an appropriate location for development other than limited infill due to its proximity to Trowbridge. Yarnbrook was not considered suitable for development as it is a small settlement and lacks an identified affordable housing need.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 48 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 35 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 10 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 93 Allocated Dwellings 39 Total to be built 2006 -2026 132

Warminster Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 10780 Total Population 24780 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Warminster 7680 17840 Codford St Mary/Codford St Peter 300 700 Sutton Veny 260 580 Heytesbury 200 500 Public sector employment, distribution and Key Employment Sectors industrial works Longleat House, Longleat Safari Park & The Heritage Assets Dewey Museum Nearest SSCT Trowbridge/Salisbury Transport Routes A350, A303 & Wessex Mainline (Rail) Salisbury Plain, Shear Water, River Wylye & Cley Major Environmental Features Hill Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs AONB & Long Knoll, Longleat Woods, Cley Hill, Salisbury Plain, Upton Cow Down, Scratchbury and Cotley Hills, Starveall and Stony Down, The River Environmental Designations Avon System, and Tytherington Down SSSIs

Data Settlement Warminster Source Warminster has the second lowest level of affordable housing need in the former West Wiltshire district. The net affordable need per annum is 72 dwellings which Affordable represents 0.9% of the total households in Warminster. This is the same as the Housing average for the West of England (WoE) Housing Market Area. Currently the Need Affordable Housing Register for Wiltshire shows that there is most demand for smaller rented affordable units in Warminster.

In Warminster 52% of resident households could afford to buy based solely on their income, the highest percentage in the former West Wiltshire district. Around 57% of resident households in Warminster are able to buy using wealth adjusted figures. In terms of rental property 57% are able to afford to rent within the town based solely on income, again the highest in the former West Wiltshire district. Housing Average house prices in the former West Wiltshire District (£176,049) are lower 1 & 6 Affordability than the average for the WoE area (£191,683) and lower than the rest of the South West region (£187,751). The median lower quartile house price (estimated first time buyer threshold price) in Warminster (£96,096) is lower than in other West Wiltshire market towns and significantly lower than the average for the WoE (£119,708) as a whole. Warminster residents have an average weekly income (£604) similar to that of the WoE (£608) and higher than that of many other towns in the former West Wiltshire district

Warminster has seen a low number of completions since 2001 compared to other towns of a similar size in Wiltshire. 128 dwellings have been completed in Housing Warminster since 2006. As there is a net affordable housing need of 72 dwellings Completions per annum, the current low level of housing completions would suggest that the affordable housing need is unlikely to be met.

Warminster is the most affordable settlement in the former West Wiltshire area and is much more affordable than the WoE HMA. This is reflected by lower than average net affordable housing need alongside higher average incomes for the former West Wiltshire District. Warminster has seen a low number of completions Housing Conclusions since 2001 and a continuation of this rate growth may see increased affordability issues. However, due to the lack of a local need assessment these high level assumptions are based on a strategic document that covers the whole of the WoE area. Better local information may therefore be needed.

Warminster has one of the best levels of self containment in Wiltshire. The town has a self containment level of 56% based on the 2001 Census. There is still a Self- degree of out-commuting from Warminster, but there is no dominant destination containment settlement. Trowbridge and Westbury account for the most out commuting due to 8, 9, 10, 13 Employment and their geographical proximity. Average commuting distances are relatively low and & 14 Dormitory the proximity of the A36 and good train connections ensure that Warminster is Status well connected for commuting. More commuters in Warminster use public transport than the average for the Wiltshire area.

Warminster has a significant employment base. There were 7,500 jobs in Warminster in 2001 (according to Census data), but more recent work for the Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy suggests the figure is now closer to 5,200. The 2001 Census indicated that there were almost 8,500 employed residents and around 5,000 people who both live and work in the town. However the DTZ work indicates that only around 60% of residents could be Existing employed within Warminster. This makes the self containment score above seem Concentration unlikely, despite the presence of the MOD. The employment structure of and mix of Warminster has a large amount of public sector employment, distribution and Employers industrial works, including food, wood and textiles and metals and engineering. The key employment areas are Crusader Park and Furnax Lane, Woodcock Industrial and Deverill Road Trading Estates and the town centre, with key sites at Crusader park and the Warminster Business Park. The town’s historic links with the MOD remain strong and they are one of the largest employers. The Center Parcs holiday resort nearby is also a key employer. Warminster is considered as one of the key towns that can deliver strategic employment growth in Wiltshire. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 states that there is an existing supply of 7.27 ha of employment land at Warminster Business Park and Crusader Business Park. The Strategy also indicates that there is potentially an additional 36 ha available in the longer Potential term at Land west of Bath Road and south of Cold Harbour Lane. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy states that Warminster has experienced high levels of demand for employment space. The West Wiltshire Employment Land Assessment (published in 2007) states that Warminster has seen high volumes of empty units over the last few years, but that the redevelopment of the town has stimulated more demand in the town centre.

Warminster has a good concentration of employment with a number of employers. The MOD continues to be the largest employer in the town but the benefits to self containment of military bases continues to strengthen the town. There is a large Employment Conclusions amount of existing employment land around Warminster with a good potential for medium and long term growth given high levels of demand. Warminster has been identified as location of strategic employment growth and should be considered key to securing economic growth in Wiltshire.

Vulnerable. Warminster rates as vulnerable in all 5 indicators. It scores particularly Market Town Profiles poorly in Economy where it is rated as dependent on the Garrison. It is also 15 Assessment considered Vulnerable or Less Vulnerable in all of the other assessments. Warminster is characterised as a garrison town.

Warminster is the second largest retail centre in West Wiltshire. There are 18 convenience retailers in the town centre alone, although this has dropped markedly since the mid 1990s. The comparisons offer includes a large number of Retail national chains and around 87 stores. Warminster serves a large rural area and attracts shoppers from beyond this catchment due to some specialist antique trading along Silver Street.

The majority of the town is a designated conservation area and the townscape 17, 18, 24 Facilities Cultural and has relatively little infill between the existing historical buildings. Warminster is & 25 Entertainment served by a theatre, the Athenaeum Centre, a library, a museum and a number of art galleries. Warminster also has a leisure centre.

The town has a full range of education facilities including primary, secondary and Education further education opportunities. Warminster has a community hospital and a range and Health of GP services, with a range of alternative practices. Warminster has a number of Christian churches, with some evidence of other Faith faiths being present without major places of worship.

Warminster town centre retains an attractive core. The primary retail area is along the streets of Market Place and High Street which are noticeable for a lack of modern retail development and include a number of buildings of architectural Facilities and Town Centre significance. The town retains a good range of retail, cultural and entertainment Conclusions facilities. However, the lack of a pedestrianised area in Warminster and traffic congestion issues have been noted and a Town Plan is being prepared. The flow of pedestrians is still higher than for other towns in West Wiltshire

Strategic Transport Warminster scores 60 in the transport assessment, the 3rd highest score in Assessment Wiltshire.

Warminster scores well in terms of public transport provision with both a train station and regular bus services. The position of Warminster on both the A350 and the A36 means that there are number of good transport links, although it does 19 Transport Assessment not benefit from the close links to the M4 of the larger towns to the north. There Conclusions are some issues with access to MOD land to the north, with only one main crossing point for traffic travelling south or east onto the A36. The town centre also has some congestion issues.

Just over 25 ha of PDL has been assessed through the strategic sites identification process in Warminster. This land could deliver between 205 and 1,275 dwellings (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is Developable 3, 6, 14 & Brownfield based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). However, recent indications Land Capacity 24 suggest that some parts of this land is undeliverable. In addition there are 164 dwellings either under construction or having received planning permission on PDL.

Greenfield Over 180 ha of Greenfield land has been assessed through the strategic sites identification process in Warminster. This land could deliver between 1,585 and 9,140 dwellings (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, which did not assess all of the sites, and the upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare. Two of the sites were considered suitable for mixed use development in the SHLAA.

There are over 500 dwellings in Warminster which are currently committed. In Already addition there are outstanding employment permissions and/or allocations for Committed nearly 11 ha of land. Warminster has a large amount of developable land and a proportion of this is Land Capacity Conclusions PDL. There is a considerable amount of employment land which is either allocated or has planning permission outstanding. Constraints include the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs AONB to the south of the town. Grade 1 agricultural land and Special Landscape Areas Natural surround the town. There are also two SSSIs and various County Wildlife Sites Environmental around the town. There is flood plain running through the town. Warminster is also 24, 21 & Constraints affected by the River Avon SAC. 23

There is a large conservation area in the town with a number of listed buildings Built and some recorded monuments to the east.

Warminster is highly constrained to the south and the River Avon SAC causes particular issues. The town centre itself is subject to a conservation area. With a Environmental Constraints large number of surrounding environmental constraints development at Conclusions Warminster will need to be sensitive and well integrated within the surrounding area.

Warminster and Villages Community Area Plan 2005 - 2015 Warminster is an important service centre for the town itself and its large rural catchment area. Some major businesses, such as Dents Gloves and Lyons Community Seafood are still located in the centre of town. However like many small market Area Plan towns, the shopping centre is suffering from shop closures. A major feature of the shopping environment is a concentration of antiques and collectibles shops. The plan acknowledges Warminster's role in the regional Market and Coastal Towns Initiative.

Local Plans Warminster Town Centre Conservation Area Character Assessment (2007) The assessment considers that Warminster has functioned as a market town for most of its existence. Warminster has managed to retain a number of historic Conservation houses, as well as commercial and industrial buildings, most of which include Statements & Georgian or Victorian architectural features. It notes the important role the tourist Development industry has played in the latter 20th and 21st centuries. Briefs Market Place and East Street Development Brief (1999) The brief aims to “encourage the full and effective economic use of this important town centre area whilst conserving and enhancing the environment”, and includes an analysis of various constraints and opportunities which exist at the site. The plans look at the role of Warminster as a Market town and look to strengthen the employment and service offer. The location of major tourist attractions nearby Local Plans Review is also highlighted alongside the major businesses still operating in the heart of the town.

Issues and Previous Options (Oct Support for a town centre strategy for Warminster. Consultations 2007)

The former West Wiltshire District second issues and options work put forward a number of different scenarios, with Westbury and Bradford-on-Avon moving between Policy B and C status. No significant negative effects were recorded for SA/SEA of former District any of the options, although a number of minor negative effects were recorded. 26 Options Work However, Option 3, which focused development on fewer settlements across the District, recorded a number of significant positive effects in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities. Major development to the west of Warminster would be a matter of concern for the Highways Authority because of the proximity to the A36. The sewage treatment works in the town is a major consideration, in relation to the River Avon SAC, and the Environment Agency has recommended a Water Cycle Study because of concerns over phosphate levels. Infrastructure needed to support growth on the scale planned is likely to include a new 2FE primary school and expansion of the existing secondary school, a new ambulance station and Infrastructure Capacity 27 expansion and relocation of the library. There are capacity issues for the two GP surgeries in Warminster, with one temporarily based in the local hospital and looking to relocate, and there is likely to be a requirement for new premises. The fire station is currently at capacity, indeed it is the busiest retained station in Wiltshire. If MOD proposals for a large, new sports facility, intended for both military and civilian use, do not come forward then there will still be a need to expand existing gym facilities.

Warminster functions as an important local centre for a number of rural settlements in south west Wiltshire and is itself one of the larger employment centres in the county. The town has been identified as a location for strategic employment growth. A number of available employment sites are located within the built up area. Warminster is located on the western edge of Salisbury Plain and has a significant military presence. Warminster offers a good range of services and facilities and has a successful and expanding retail centre. The town is located close to two regionally significant transport corridors, the A36 and the Conclusions Bristol and Southampton railway line. Warminster Town Council has recently appointed consultants to prepare a Town Plan and town centre regeneration will be supported through the Core Strategy. A relatively large housing allocation for Warminster would help to increase the vitality and viability of the town centre, whilst helping to enhance the range of services and facilities provided. Strategic employment growth is also appropriate to ensure that Warminster maintains its role as an important local centre and in order to deliver balanced, sustainable development. The level of housing development in Warminster has been lower in recent years than in neighbouring towns.

Housing Allocation for Warminster Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 128 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 356 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 36 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 120 Total in Planning System 640 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 108 Allocated Dwellings 900 Total to be built 2006 -2026 1,648

Employment Land for Warminster Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 1.7 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 6.5 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 4.1 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 12.3 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 7.3 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 0 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 19.6

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance Journey to to Nearest Total Bus Transport Work Service Service Affordabl Populatio Households Employed Connectivit Assessment Service Centre Centre e Housing Settlement n (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) y (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C2 Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Warminste Codford 700 300 377 Store. 3 36 1 10 r High Church, Primary School, Daily JTW Level Warminste Heytesbury 500 200 93 Store. 3 34 1 5.8 r Medium Open Countryside Longbridge JTW Level Warminste Deverill 380 140 352 Church, Daily Store. 1 17 1 4.3 r Low

Codford and Heytesbury have been identified as being suitable for limited infill development only. Both these villages have an indentified affordable housing need, but possess only a reasonable number of services and facilities. Some limited infill development will help support these facilities and respond to the identified affordable housing need. Longbridge Deverill was not considered suitable for any development due to its proximity to Warminster and the lack of an identified affordable housing need.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 22 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 54 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 76 Allocated Dwellings 43 Total to be built 2006 -2026 119

Westbury Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 8120 Total Population 18920 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Westbury 6260 14420 Dilton Marsh 640 1540 Bratton 500 1140 Edington/Tinhead 300 660 Distribution, education & health, business services, chemicals & minerals, retail and Key Employment Sectors construction Heritage Assets Edington Priory Nearest SSCT Trowbridge A350, Wessex Mainline and Great Western Transport Routes Mainline (Rail) Major Environmental Features Westbury White Horse & River Biss Westbury Ironstone Quarry, Picket Wood and Clanger Wood, Bratton Downs, Salisbury Environmental Designations Plain, and Upton Cow Down SSSIs Data Settlement Westbury Source Westbury has a high level of affordable housing need which is above the average for the former West Wiltshire District. The net affordable need per Affordable annum is 68 dwellings which represents 1% of the total households in Housing Westbury. This is also higher than the average for the West of England (WoE) Need Housing Market Area. Currently the Affordable Housing Register for Wiltshire shows that there is most demand for smaller rented and intermediate affordable units if Westbury.

In Westbury 49% of resident households could afford to buy based solely on their income, which is higher than for many other towns in the former West Wiltshire district. Around 54% of resident households in Westbury are able to buy using wealth adjusted figures. In terms of rental property, 54% are able to afford to rent within the town based solely on income, again one of the higher percentages in the former West Wiltshire district. Average house prices in the Housing former West Wiltshire district (£176,049) are lower than the average for the 1 & 6 Affordability WoE area (£191,683) and lower than the rest of the South West region (£187,751). The median lower quartile house price (estimated first time buyer threshold price) in Warminster (£94,860) is the lowest in the former West Wiltshire district and is significantly lower than the average for the WoE (£119,708) as a whole. Westbury residents have an average weekly income (£578) significantly lower that that of the WoE (£608), and lower than many of the other towns in the former West Wiltshire district.

Westbury has seen a very high level of completions since 2001 compared to other towns of a similar size in Wiltshire. 366 dwellings have been completed Housing in Westbury since 2006. As there is net affordable housing need of 68 Completions dwellings per annum, the level of new housing development since 2006 indicates that it should be possible to meet the demand for affordable housing in Westbury. Westbury can be considered more affordable than average for towns in either West Wiltshire or the WoE HMA, but low incomes exacerbate affordable housing issues. There remains a high future net affordable housing need even though there have been a large number of completions since 2001. The large house building that has taken place at Westbury in recent years needs Housing Conclusions time to allow services, facilities and employment to follow. Given the position of Westbury between larger centres, large new housing allocations should probably be discouraged. However, due to the lack of a local need assessment these high level assumptions are based on a strategic document that covers the whole of the WoE area. Better local information may therefore be needed. Westbury has a self containment level of 35% based on the 2001 Census, which is one of the lower self containment levels for the potential Policy B Self- settlements. Westbury continues to see a high proportion of out-commuting containment despite existing employment opportunities. Westbury is well served by train 8, 9, 10, 13 Employment and and acts as a junction for major commuter routes and routes to the south & 14 Dormitory west. Higher than average numbers of commuters take the train. The large Status employment centres of Trowbridge and Warminster are commuting destinations for a high proportion of Westbury residents due to their close proximity.

Westbury has 5,368 employed residents, but less than 2,000 people actually live and work in Westbury. With nearly 4,000 employment opportunities 73% of residents could be employed in Westbury, and out commuting is clearly an issue. The employment structure of Westbury is based around distribution, education and health, business services, chemicals and minerals, retail and Existing construction. Key employment areas include West Wilts Trading Estate, Concentration Northacre Industrial Park, Brook Lane Indusrtial Estate and the town centre, and mix of with key employment sites at the Trading Estate, station road and Westbury Employers Railway Station. The employment base comprises of a mix of small employers, with no one employer dominating the employment offer in the town. Key employers include Henleys Medical Comet, Macfarlane Packaging, United Milk and Lafarge Cement. Westbury should be relatively resistant to mass job losses resulting from a single business closure. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 identifies Westbury as strategic location for employment growth. The strategy notes that the town’s location between Warminster and Trowbridge allied with its position as a junction for rail travel makes it an accessible location and enhances the catchment of Westbury. There is a large existing and potential future supply of Potential employment land in the short, medium and long term in Westbury. The existing supply includes one mixed use site at Slag lane and 3 employment specific sites at Station Road, North acres Brook trading estate and the west Wilts Trading Estate which should provide around 28ha of employment land in the medium to long term, enough for the needs of most employers looking to locate in Westbury.

Westbury has a medium concentration of business, but sees a high proportion of out-commuting to the larger surrounding settlements of Trowbridge and Warminster. Although the employment base should be resistant to changes, the recent growth in housing has not as yet been matched by employment growth and there are large existing employment allocations that need to be Employment Conclusions retained and developed to create a better balance in the town. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy has highlighted Westbury as a key location for employment growth and with large employment allocations remaining and further land for future employment growth, Westbury should be considered key location to delivering economic development in Wiltshire.

Vulnerable. Westbury is identified as being vulnerable in 4 out of 5 indicators and scores particularly poorly in economy. Employment growth is below Market Town Profiles population growth and unemployment is high for those under 24 years old. 15 Assessment Poor retail and night time leisure options and an inaccessible road network are also identified as problems in the town. Westbury is characterised as a commuter town. Westbury’s retail provision is limited in comparison with the surrounding larger settlements, but it does have two medium sized supermarkets. There are 7 Retail convenience stores and 35 comparison stores in Westbury with 32 other towns centre uses present. The well established high street includes some national chains and the centre of the town is the focus for the retail provision.

Cultural and Westbury has both a museum and a library. Westbury has a swimming pool 17, 18, 24 Facilities Entertainment but scores less well than other towns in terms of entertainment. & 25 Westbury has a full range of education facilities including 4 primary schools, a Education secondary school and further education facilities. Westbury has a community and Health hospital and GP services. Westbury has a number of Christian churches, with some evidence of other Faith faiths being present without major places of worship. Westbury can be described as having a lower level of facilities than might be expected for a town of Westbury's size. There is little in terms of entertainment and cultural facilities but the town seems quite well served in Facilities and Town Centre terms of retail. Westbury town centre is relatively compact but is slightly Conclusions removed from the train station. Unfortunately the town does suffer from traffic issues and is subject to an Air Quality Management Area. The recent rejection of plans for a bypass may lead to exacerbation of the traffic issues in Westbury. Strategic Transport Westbury was ranked as the number one settlement in terms of transport Assessment provision in Wiltshire. The total score for the town was 64. Westbury scores well as it well connected by public transport in terms of both 19 Transport Assessment bus and rail services. However the town does not have good road connectivity Conclusions and scores poorly on this measure. Almost 6 ha of PDL has been assessed through the strategic sites identification process. This land could deliver between 139 and 292 dwellings Brownfield (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is based on 50 dwellings per hectare). There are also over 150 dwellings either under construction or having permission on PDL. Almost 200 ha of Greenfield land has been assessed through the strategic Developable sites identification process. This land could deliver between 2,943 and 9932 3, 6, 14 & Land Capacity Greenfield dwellings (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the upper yield is 24 based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). Five of the sites were identified in the SHLAA as being suitable for mixed use. There are currently over 550 dwellings either permitted or allocated in the Already Local Plan and there is over 30ha of employment land in Westbury which Committed either has outstanding planning permission or is allocated in the Local Plan. There are a large number of dwellings in Westbury which either have planning permission or are an existing allocation in the Local Plan. The SHLAA identifies a surplus of Greenfield land that may be able to be developed but Land Capacity Conclusions there is only a limited amount of PDL. There are also large employment allocations outstanding, and it appears that further housing options should be limited. Constraints in or around Westbury include an area of flood zone 2 and 3, Natural Grade 1 agricultural land, Special Landscape Areas, SSSIs and County Wildlife Sites. Environmental 24, 21 & Constraints There is a conservation area and a well known scheduled monument in or 23 around Westbury. The town centre is subject to an Air Quality Management Built Area and the rejection of the bypass may exacerbate traffic based environmental issues. Environmental Constraints Westbury is one the least constrained towns in terms of both the built and Conclusions natural environment.

Westbury Community Area Plan Westbury is a major commercial and industrial centre due to West Wilts trading estate and several smaller estates to north of the town. The predominant activities are cement production, light engineering and Community distribution. The cement works is a prominent part of the town with some Area Plan concerns over emissions, pollution and health. The plan includes the ambitions for a bypass, an improvement in the town centre as a viable Local Plans shopping centre focusing on individual and unique shops and looks to maintain low unemployment but improve income levels.

Conservation Statements & Vivash Park Development Brief (Dec 1990) Mixed-use site including Development workshops, business units and large formal and informal recreation spaces. Briefs Westbury retains a good commercial function but the retail offer and facilities Local Plans Review in the town are considered to be lacking. Low incomes and reliance on single industries remain an issue. Support for Westbury to occupy a separate category between Policy B and C, because while the severe constraints of the town are recognised it is felt that Issues and Previous its status as a market town needs to be distinguished from the villages. Options (Oct Consultations Support for Westbury town centre areas, including introducing new traffic 2007) management measures and environmental enhancements in order to improve the retail environment.

The former West Wiltshire district second issues and options work put forward a number of different scenarios, with Westbury and Bradford-on-Avon moving between Policy B and C status. No significant negative effects were recorded SA/SEA of former District for any of the options, although a number of minor negative effects were 26 Options Work recorded. However, Option 3, which focused development on fewer settlements across the district recorded a number of significant positive effects in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities.

While the scale of growth planned for Westbury is not a concern with respect to the road network, there is a need to encourage people to use the facilities in the town, rather than travel further afield. There are plans to reinstate an old platform at the railway station to provide additional capacity. To meet the further development proposed, a new 1FE primary school would be ideal, along with financial contributions towards primary and secondary schools. Infrastructure Capacity There are plans for the GP surgery to relocate to the west of the town and 27 Westbury hospital would become surplus to requirements once the new primary care centre is built. The ambulance service has an urgent need to find a site to locate a standby point in the town and the library service is also looking for new premises. Should proposals to relocate the secondary school go ahead, the leisure service would look to develop a dual use facility, for which they would need developer contributions. Westbury is an important market town located between Trowbridge and Warminster. The town has seen significant housing development in recent years. However, it has been identified that infrastructure improvements and an increase in service and facilities provision are needed to match this housing growth. Westbury continues to see high levels of out-commuting and this is in part due to the proximity of Trowbridge together with the town’s excellent rail links. Nevertheless, Westbury has been identified as a location Conclusions of strategic employment growth and this will provide the opportunity to enhance the services and facilities in the town and to improve the town’s self- containment. A number of allocations for housing and employment already exist in Westbury, together with a number of planning permissions for a large number of houses. Partly for this reason the number of additional dwellings to be allocated in the town in the Core Strategy will be relatively low. Improvement of the town’s services and facilities should be considered a priority.

Housing Allocation for Westbury Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 366 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 229 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 346 Total in Planning System 941 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 51 Allocated Dwellings 300 Total to be built 2006 -2026 1,292

Employment Land for Westbury Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 2 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 21.1 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 14 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 37.1 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 14.7 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 4.8 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 56.6

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements

Distance to Nearest Total Bus Transport Journey to Service Service Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Work Centre Centre Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) Service (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily Store GP Bratton 1140 500 189 Surgery & Clinic. 1 19 JTW Level 1 4 Westbury High C2 Dilton Marsh 1540 640 318 Church, Primary School, Daily Store. 2 47 JTW Level 1 2.6 Westbury High

Bratton has a good level of services and facilities, a concentration of employment and an identified affordable housing need. It will be an appropriate location of some limited development. Dilton Marsh has reasonable level of services and facilities and a concentration of employment. However, despite an identified affordable housing need, Bratton's proximity to Westbury means it will be an appropriate location for limited infill development only.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 27 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 41 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 0 Total in Planning System 68 Allocated Dwellings 31 Total to be built 2006 -2026 99

Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area

Key Facts Total Households 11660 Total Population 28600 Largest 4 Settlements Total Households Total Population Wootton Bassett 4820 1100 Lyneham 1440 5000 Cricklade 1700 4100 Purton 1520 4040 Education & health, business services, distribution, electronics and transport & Key Employment Sectors communications Heritage Assets Jubilee Clock Nearest SSCT Swindon M4, A419 & Golden Valley Line (Rail) (Wootton Bassett does not have a railway station, so there is no access to the rail links from within the Transport Routes town). North Meadow, Stoke Common Meadows, Restrop Farm and Brockhurst Wood, Wootton Bassett Mud Spring, Goldborough Farm, and Major Environmental Features Bincknoll Dip Woods SSSIs Environmental Designations SSSIs (as detailed above)

Settlement Wootton Bassett Data Source

There is a need for 264 affordable houses per annum in the Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area, and an estimated supply of 68 dwellings. This leaves an estimated shortfall in provision of 195 dwellings. The estimated supply of affordable dwellings in the Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area is Affordable significantly lower than the average for the former North Wiltshire district. In the Housing former District there is an average need for 15 affordable dwellings per 1,000 Need houses which represents an affordable need of 1.5% of the total households. This is lower than the average for both the South West region and the UK. Currently the affordable housing register for Wiltshire shows that the affordable housing need is split between smaller intermediate and rented affordable housing.

Housing Average household income in the former North Wiltshire district is higher than the 2, 5 & 6 national average, and average income per employee is higher than the South West regional average. However, house prices in North Wiltshire are also on average 16% higher than the national average. Average income in the Wootton Affordability Bassett and Cricklade Community Area (£34,504) is similar to the former North Wiltshire district average (£34,951). In terms of affordability, over 20% of households in the former North Wiltshire district are considered unable to afford market housing if they were looking to move.

Wootton Bassett has seen a low number of completions since 2001 compared to other towns of similar size in Wiltshire. 74 dwellings have been completed since Housing 2006 in Wootton Bassett. As there is a net affordable housing need of 195 Completions dwellings per annum in the Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area, the current low level of housing completions would suggest that the affordable housing need is unlikely to be met.

Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area has the greatest need for affordable housing in the former North Wiltshire district, with the properties in most demand being one bedroom units. Incomes are about average in the Wootton Housing Conclusions Bassett and Cricklade Community Area compared to other areas in North Wiltshire, but the lack of housing completions since 2001 may see affordability issues exacerbated. Overall the former North Wiltshire district displays a lack of affordability and choice and this situation is most apparent in Wootton Bassett.

Wootton Bassett has a self-containment level of 30% based on the 2001 census. This is the lowest self-containment level of all the proposed Policy B settlements. The proximity of Swindon and the M4 makes Swindon the most popular Self- commuting destination for residents of Wootton Bassett. With more residents containment commuting to Swindon for work than living and working within Wootton Bassett 8, 9, 10, 12 Employment and itself, Wootton Bassett can be described as a dormitory settlement of Swindon. & 14 Dormitory The estimated average commuting distance is similar to the Wiltshire average, but Status the number of residents in Wootton Bassett who travel to work by car is the highest in Wiltshire. Wootton Bassett also has a large military presence, with large numbers of residents commuting to rural MOD employment sites.

Wootton Bassett has almost 5,700 employed residents, and nearly 4,000 people are employed within the town. It is therefore possible that 70% of employed residents could be employed within the town. The employment structure in Wootton Bassett is based around education and health, business services, distribution, electronics and transport and communications. Key employment areas include Whitehill Industrial Park, Bowman Court and Templars Way and Existing Interface Industrial Estates, with key employment sites at Templars and Interface Concentration and the former St Ivel factory. The employment base within the town comprises a and mix of mix of small employers, and the largest employer is Sainsbury’s Homebase. Employers There is no single employer which employs more than 5% of those employed within the town. Wootton Bassett should therefore be relatively resistant to mass job losses resulting from a single business closure. However, the Market Towns Profiles state that nearly 2,000 people from Wootton Bassett are employed by the Armed Services, and the closure of RAF Lyneham may therefore be a significant issue. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy 2009 identifies Wootton Bassett as strategic employment location for future employment land growth in Wiltshire. The Strategy identifies 7.81 hectares of available employment land at Templar Way, the former St Ivel factory and the Interface Industrial estate. Potential However, the Strategy states that there is a shortfall of land at Wootton Bassett going forward and recommends that a further 4ha of employment land should be found. The Strategy work considers that the strategic location of Wootton Bassett and low number of jobs compared to population provides an opportunity to expand the employment base significantly.

Wotton Bassett has a smaller employment base than might be expected for a town of its size and it clearly acts as dormitory settlement to Swindon. The Market Town profile and the 2001 Census also highlight the large number of MOD personnel that live in Wootton Bassett and the issue of RAF Lyneham and other MOD sites closing must be considered. However, the town has a varied employment base beyond the MOD and should be relatively resilient to mass job loses. The large population in Wootton Bassett coupled with the West of Swindon Employment Conclusions extension close by should mean that further employment opportunities will be well served by an available workforce. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy has identified Wootton Bassett as a location for strategic employment growth and there are a number of sites suitable for employment development immediately available, with land available for further employment expansion in the long term. Wootton Bassett should be considered a key employment location for the long term economic growth in Wiltshire

Vulnerable. Wootton Bassett is vulnerable in 3 out of 5 indicators. Wootton Market Town Profiles Bassett is identified as being vulnerable in terms of social/night time functions. 15 Assessment Wootton Bassett is identified as being less vulnerable in terms of population and economy. The main characteristic of Wootton Bassett is of an MOD town.

Wotton Bassett is the 2nd largest town centre in the former North Wiltshire district and has 3 supermarkets. The town has 50 comparison retail units, 10 Retail convenience units and 44 service units. The majority of the units are occupied by local independent traders and with some recent completions the Wootton Bassett high street seems to remain quite buoyant with decent occupancy rates. Wootton Bassett has a Library and a Tourist Information Centre, and there is a Museum in the Town Hall. The town does not have a Theatre or Cinema. The Cultural and Wiltshire Market Town Profiles identify Wootton Bassett as having a low ratio of 16, 18, 24 Facilities Entertainment night time functions to population. The town centre has a traditional core that & 25 features a number of listed buildings with the Town Hall as the centre point of the architectural zone. Wootton Bassett has 4 primary schools, 1 secondary school and 1 further Education education establishment. Wootton Bassett has full GP facilities, but no hospital. and Health There is also a range of alternative health care options. Wootton Bassett has Christian churches but little evidence of places of worship for Faith other faiths.

Wotton Bassett is an attractive town centre but some parts are showing signs of decay or lack of investment. However, it retains a good level of services, although Facilities and Town Centre its proximity to Swindon means that some of the facilities that might be expected Conclusions to be present are not, such as a community hospital or better night time functions. Improved services will be needed in the future to support the economic stability of Wootton Bassett

Strategic Transport Wootton Bassett is one the worst performing potential Policy B settlements. Assessment Wootton Bassett scored a total of 42 in the Strategic Transport Assessment.

Wootton Bassett scored well in terms of accessibility, bus connectivity, percentage within 400m of hourly bus service, and journey to work distance. 19 Transport Assessment Lower scores were given for highway capacity and percentage of people who Conclusions journey to work by car. Wootton Bassett does not have a train station and therefore did not receive a score for rail indicators. The SHLAA identifies 3.13ha of PDL, which could deliver between 141 and 157 Developable dwellings in Wootton Bassett (the lower yield is that calculated in the SHLAA, the 3, 6, 14 & Brownfield Land Capacity upper yield is based on a density of 50 dwellings per hectare). In addition 389 24 dwellings are committed on PDL in Wootton Bassett. A number of possible Greenfield sites around Wootton Bassett have been considered in the SHLAA. These sites have a combined capacity of between Greenfield 1,820 and 6,652 dwellings. The Wiltshire Workspace and Employment Land Strategy also identifies some 3.71 hectares of employment land.

381 dwellings that have received planning permission and are expected to be Already completed in Wootton Bassett. In addition there is an outstanding local plan Committed allocation for 99 dwellings. There are 3.5 ha of employment land with outstanding permission and 3.9 ha of outstanding employment land allocations.

There are a large number of committed dwellings on PDL with some scope for further development on identified PDL sites. There are outstanding local plan allocations for both employment and residential sites. This is unusual and Land Capacity Conclusions highlights the lack of development in Wootton Bassett in recent years. However, with a considerable amount of Greenfield land identified in the SHLAA and a number of PDL sites, alongside the outstanding allocations, there seems to be much scope for further development.

There are areas of flood risk to the south of Wootton Bassett. A SSSI is also located to the south of the town, and there are various County Wildlife Sites within and around the town. The south western part of the town is within a Minerals Natural Safeguarding Area. Land to the east of Wootton Bassett is classified as a Local Environmental Rural Buffer in the North Wiltshire Local Plan 2011 (although the Local Rural 24, 21 & Constraints Buffer policies in the Local Plan no longer apply). The Wilts and Berks canal is 23 located to the south of the town. Some land in the town centre is allocated as a Conservation Area. No Built Conservation Area Appraisal or Management Plan has yet been prepared for Wootton Bassett. There are a number of environmental constraints around Wotton Bassett Environmental Constraints particularly on the east where a rural buffer was designated in the Local Plan to Conclusions inhibit convergence with Swindon. However, there is also some land available around the town which is relatively unconstrained.

The Northern Community Area - Our Community Plan 2005-2015 The Northern Community Area includes Wootton Bassett and Cricklade. The plan identifies the need to promote the "historical market town image" of Wootton Bassett, and to protect the Local Rural Buffer, and prevent coalescence with Community Swindon. Issues and concerns outlined in the plan include that "business Area Plan premises are in short supply and this restricts the creation of new businesses and business expansion"; "the future closure of RAF Lyneham will have a significant impact on the area"; "full time local job opportunities are few"; traffic and Local Plans congestion issues exist in the town; and there is a lack of affordable housing.

St Ivel Factory Development Brief (2004) - This site has now received planning permission for 196 residential units (07/02297/REM), 50 dwellings Conservation (07/03243/REM), and a 60 bed care home (08/02749/FUL). The Wiltshire Statements & Employment Land Study identifies a further 2.6 ha which could still be developed. Development Wootton Bassett Regeneration Action Plan - this is mentioned in The Northern Briefs Community Area Plan. However, this document has not yet been located and hence is not analysed here.

The plan highlights the issue of coalescence with Swindon and the lack of employment and business opportunities in the town. The issue of MOD withdrawal Local Plans Review is noted. The St Ivel Development Brief highlights the issue of a lack of business development coming forward as the employment part of the site is currently not under permission yet there is full permission for the residential sections.

Issues and Previous Wootton Bassett: Support for Sports Hub at Ballards Ash; Ensure Wootton Options (Oct Consultations Bassett and Swindon do not coalesce. 2007)

Three options for the location of development were presented in the North Wiltshire 2nd Issues and Options consultation. Options 1 and 3 identified Calne, Corsham, Malmesbury, and Wootton Bassett as ‘Tier 2’ (Policy B) settlements. SA/SEA of former District Option 2 identified Calne as a ‘Tier 2’ (Policy B) settlement, and Wootton Bassett 26 Options Work was included in the list of ‘Tier 3’ (Policy C) settlements. There were no significant negative effects recorded for these options. However, significant positive effects were recorded in Healthy Communities, Poverty and Deprivation and Community Facilities with these four towns identified as Policy B settlements. Out-commuting to Junction 16 of the M4 is a major concern in the Wootton Bassett area. There are also recognised flooding issues and, also, concern about the impact of the sewage treatment works on water quality. The need for extra education provision is complicated by the future of RAF Lyneham. If the RAF pulls out of Lyneham and the extra pupils from development to the west of Swindon do not come to the town then the secondary school should be able to cope. Infrastructure Capacity 27 Otherwise, financial contributions would be required. The primary school, currently housed in a temporary building, would require financial contributions. Redevelopment of the two GP surgeries would, in any case, be required, possibly involving a move to a bigger site. The provision of leisure facilities also depend on development near Swindon, provision there would mean less of a case of facilities in Wootton Bassett, and the future of RAF Lyneham.

Wootton Bassett is one of the larger market towns in Wiltshire, but its proximity to Swindon means that there is a high level of out-commuting. The town has a medium sized employment base with potential to expand on existing sites and further employment allocations outstanding from the current local plan. Wootton Bassett has been identified as a location for significant employment growth. There is sizeable MOD presence in the Community Area whose future is unclear. While Wootton Bassett is relatively unconstrained in terms of both the built and natural Conclusions environments, there are road capacity issues around junction 16 of the M4. Public transport links with Swindon are limited to a bus service. A high proportion of commuters travel by car. There have been a number of recent planning permissions for housing in Wootton Bassett. This, together with the proposed development to the West of Swindon, has resulted in a limited additional housing allocation at Wootton Bassett, to be delivered after 2016, and a concentration on improving employment opportunities and services and facilities within the town.

Housing Allocation for Wootton Bassett Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 74 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 381 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 168 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 99 Total in Planning System 722 Estimated 5yr Windfall Supply for 2021-2026 51 Allocated Dwellings 150 Total to be built 2006 -2026 923

Employment Land for Wootton Bassett Area of Employment Land Completions 2006 - 2009 (ha) 0 Area of Outstanding Permission/S106s for Employment Land (ha) 3.5 Area of Outstanding Allocations for Employment Land (ha) 3.9 Total Area of Employment Land in Planning System (ha) 7.5 Area of WWELS Recommended New Employment Sites 4 Area of WWELS Recommended Redeveloped Employment Sites 1.5 Total to be built 2006 -2026 (ha) 13

Role and Function Data of Potential Policy C Settlements Distance Journey to to Nearest Total Bus Transport Work Service Service Affordable Population Households Employed Connectivity Assessment Service Centre Centre Housing Settlement (28 & 29) (28 & 29) (8 & 9) Facilities (18, 25 & 28) (19) Score (19) (28) (km) (24) (24) Need (30) C1 Church, Primary School, Daily Store GP Surgery & Clinic, Tourist JTW Level Wootton Cricklade 4100 1700 752 Information Centre. 2 31 1 10.2 Bassett Low Church, Primary School, Daily Store JTW Level Wootton Lyneham 5000 1440 4109 Clinic, Library. 6 45 1 7.1 Bassett Low Church, Primary & Secondary School, Daily Store, GP Surgery & JTW Level Wootton Purton 4040 1520 785 Clinic, Library. 1 25 1 4.5 Bassett Low Open Countryside JTW Level Wootton Bradenstoke 540 240 76 Church, Daily Store. No Data No Data 1 8.6 Bassett Low Not JTW Level Wootton Hook 200 80 Available Church, Daily Store. No Data No Data 1 0.9 Bassett Low

In the Wootton Bassett and Cricklade Community Area, Cricklade, Lyneham and Purton have been identified as suitable for limited development. These three settlements are all of considerable size and are among some of the larger small towns and villages in Wiltshire. They all posses a good level of services and facilities, have high concentrations of employment and despite there not being an acute affordable housing need the size of these settlements will ensure that limited development is appropriate. However, it should be noted that due to the proximity of Cricklade and Purton to Swindon and the dormitory relationship that results, the West of Swindon urban extension and the impending closure of RAF Lyneham, further work and close scrutiny of development in this Community area will need to be dynamic in its response to changing circumstances. Neither Bradenstoke nor Hook was considered to have the requisite facilities or housing need to be an appropriate location of further development.

Housing Allocation for Policy C Settlements Total net dwelling completions 2006-2009 87 Outstanding permissions at 2009 that are expected to be completed 280 Outstanding applications waiting for S106 agreement expected to be complete 0 Outstanding allocated sites at 2009 that are expected to be completed 15 Total in Planning System 382 Allocated Dwellings 130 Total to be built 2006 -2026 524