Experimento | 8+ Experimentation Instructions
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Experimento | 8+ Experimentation instructions Experiments suitable for students between 8 and 12 years of age. Use only under supervision. Foreword Enthusiasm and curiosity offer the best conditions to kindle the interest of children around the world in nature and technology at an early age and nurture it across all age groups. At the same time, however, the demands on teachers and expectations for STEM education continue to grow. Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are rapidly shaping and redefining our world. More than ever, the future of our global development depends on young people who feel at home in the digital world of today and tomorrow and know how to engage with it responsibly and constructively. This requires students to acquire a real-world understanding of technology and skills for social interaction as early as possible. We need to prepare them for careers that we are not yet even aware of today. Our international education program Experimento demonstrates our commitment to an impact- oriented science and technology curriculum that challenges students’ individual potential from preschool til graduation. Experimentation, establishing interrelationships, interpreting phenomena! Experimento . is geared toward teachers in preschools, elementary schools, middle schools, and secondary schools; . offers around 130 specifically developed experiments for the age groups 4 – 7 (Experimento | 4+), 8 – 12 (Experimento | 8+), and 10 – 18 (Experimento | 10+); . offers a diverse, curriculum-oriented, classroom-friendly selection of topics exploring a wealth of topics relating to health, energy, and the environment; . is based on the idea of inquiry-based learning and “acquiring knowledge actively”; and . is focused on the regions of Africa, Latin America, and Germany/Europe. Experimento | 8+ was further developed by an expert team of teachers and educators in Germany and prepared for international use. A total of 43 experiments accompany the students on their research and discovery journeys. Derived from scientific experiments, the content piques curiosity in technical issues relevant to everyday life. A supplementary “Science, technology, and values guideline” highlights opportunities for teachers to link the teaching of specific values with selected experiments. The discussion of values takes on particular meaning in science and technology education. These learning processes require students to assess, make decisions, and reflect. Value formation in Experimento is achieved both through “learning-process-related values” such as openness and acceptance of responsibility as well as through “object-related values” such as solidarity and environmental awareness. All experimentation instructions, along with many other tips, are also available in digital format at our Media Portal for STEM education. The materials are provided under an open license as Open Educational Resources (OER), so they can be freely downloaded, modified, and shared. Today’s increasingly diverse classrooms lend new urgency to the need for teachers to adapt, indi- vidualize, and creatively enhance materials to accommodate special teaching and support needs. We are very pleased that you are committed to strengthening science and technology education with Experimento | 8+, and we wish you much success! Dr. Barbara Filtzinger Head of Working Area Education, Siemens Stiftung © Siemens Stiftung 2016. Content licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 international Page 1 of 1 Document credits – Experimento I 8+ Published by: Siemens Stiftung Kaiserstrasse 16 80801 Munich, Germany Tel.: +49 (0) 89 54 04 87-0 Fax: +49 (0) 89 54 04 87-440 [email protected] www.siemens-stiftung.org In collaboration with: Foundation “Haus der kleinen Forscher“ (Little Scientists’ House) Assisted by: LOKANDO AG Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Psychology Department 3rd updated edition 2018 The contents of this guide book binder are available under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 international license. The license terms and conditions can be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode. As a nonprofit foundation, we promote sustainable social development, which is crucially dependent on access to basic services, high-quality education, and an understanding of culture. To this effect, our project work supports people in taking the initiative to responsibly address current challenges. Together with partners, we develop and implement solutions and programs to support this effort, with technological and social innovation playing a central role. Our actions are impact-oriented and conducted in a transparent manner. © Siemens Stiftung 2016. Content licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 international Page 1 of 1 Contents – Experimento I 8+ Contents General information Educational-didactic introduction Materials, sorted alphabetically How do I use the Siemens Stiftung Media Portal? A Energy Safety information on the topic of energy Do you need help? Electric current and energy – Physics principles and models A1 Simple electric circuit A1.1 The lamp should light up! A1.2 Switching on and off A1.3 Electro quiz A2 Conductors and insulators A2.1 What are conductors and insulators? A2.2 Hot Wire A3 Complex electric circuits A3.1 Parallel circuits A3.2 Series circuits A4 Combining batteries A5 “Generating” energy A5.1 Solar cells A5.2 Solar boat B Environment Safety information on the topic of the environment B1 Water cycle B1.1 The Earth’s water cycle B1.2 Water transport in plants B2 Water purification B2.1 Purifying water with soil B2.2 Making substances dissolved in water visible B2.3 Filtering soluble substances from water B3 Air pollution B3.1 A combustion process needs oxygen B3.2 Air pollution © Siemens Stiftung 2016. Content licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 international Page 1 of 2 Contents – Experimento I 8+ B4 Wind B4.1 Measuring air pressure B4.2 Wind erosion B5 Recycling B5.1 Recycling old materials B5.2 Making new from old: Making paper B5.3 Recycling organic waste B6 Renewable energies B6.1 Harnessing solar energy as heat (1) B6.2 Harnessing solar energy as heat (2) B6.3 Harnessing the energy of water B6.4 Harnessing the energy of wind C Health Safety information on the topic of health C1 Nutrients C1.1 Potatoes make us strong C1.2 Protein shake C1.3 Fat detectives C2 Hygiene C2.1 Hand washing C2.2 Cooling without electricity C2.3 Acid on the teeth C3 Sense of hearing C3.1 Parade of ears C3.2 Directional hearing C3.3 Making loud noises quiet C4 Sense of sight C4.1 Perception of colors C4.2 Our field of vision C4.3 You need light to see C4.4 Where do the colors of the rainbow come from? C5 Respiration C5.1 Our lungs C5.2 Large and small air sacs C6 Muscles and bones C6.1 Stable bones C6.2 Facial gymnastics © Siemens Stiftung 2016. Content licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 international Page 2 of 2 General information Educational-didactic introduction – Experimento I 8+ Educational-didactic introduction The educational concept of Experimento I 8+ is based on the basic educational principles of Experimento I 4+. Children and educators define the learning process together: . Children create their own picture of the world. Educators accompany them on this path. Good educators make it possible for children to gather a wide variety of experiences and support children in the learning process. Children also learn with and from one another and exchange ideas. Children grapple with selected values, learn to understand various points of view, and see things from different perspectives. Children are aware that they are learning something: . Together, educators and children not only address content and activities, but also reflect on the learning process and thus related values. The documentation of experimentation activities through drawings, photos, video recordings, and similar tools supports the children’s learning process. Experimento I 4+ enables the children to gain initial basic experiences on the topics of Energy, the Environment, and Health. Appropriate to the students’ further cognitive development, Experimento I 8+ deepens these experiences by continuing individual experiments from 4+. Because the learning environments in day care centers and schools differ, for Experimento I 8+, theory-oriented, formal learning (instruction) must be taken into account in addition to experience- oriented, informal learning (co-construction). Especially in the school context, it is often difficult to keep the balance between instruction and construction. For high learning achievements, it is important to maintain a balanced ratio between the two forms. How does this fit in with the educational approach of Experimento? To support you as the teacher, we selected the structure of the student instructions so that they can assist you in integrating the experiments into your lessons. The student instructions are designed to establish the balance between experience-oriented/ informal learning (co-construction) and theory-oriented/formal learning (instruction). The topic is first presented with a theoretical introduction and specific instructions. However, the students are given the opportunity at the end to work independently based on experiments. In this way, they discover facts for themselves and simultaneously actively gain new experiences. © Siemens Stiftung 2016. Content licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 international Page 1 of 3 Educational-didactic introduction – Experimento I 8+ The student instructions give you, the teacher, the opportunity to introduce a topic and simultaneously