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Garden Roses and Beyond

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Garden Roses and Beyond OLD GARDEN ROSES AND BEYOND MATTHEW ORWAT UF/IFAS EXTENSION WASHINGTON COUNTY WHO WAS HUME? WHO WAS HUME? • 1904- Hume became Professor of Botany and Horticulture at the Florida Agricultural College in Lake City, Florida, University of Florida's predecessor. • Hume later became general manager Glen St. Mary Nurseries Company from 1917 to 1929, later serving as the company's president and then the chairman of its board of directors • 1930 rejoined the faculty of the University of Florida • 1938 appointed dean of the College of Agriculture • 1947 Hume was appointed the university's interim president ROSE PHILOSOPHY • “Rose time in the Lower South comes in spring and again in autumn” • Winter time is too cold, and while “everblooming varieties continue to flower during the summer throughout all the region, high temperatures and heavy rainfall in many sections make it difficult to secure good blooms” • Important to consider “too much shade, wrong exposure, and too many tree roots” • Sunlight is best: “for half the day, preferably early morning until noon, or better still for ¾ of the day is essential to success” ROSE PHILOSOPHY • Worst tree root issues: Roses cannot be pruned by rule: • Laurel Oak . Treat each bush as a separate living unit • Water Oak . Done in February for everblooming types • Camphor • Magnolia . Older shrub roses: cut out dead wood and twiggy growth is all that is necessary ROSES FOR EASE OF CARE • Hume had limited access to modern fungicides when book was published in 1929. • Most of the roses he recommended in his 1929 edition are still in commerce and available. • This fact gives evidence of their reliability, since most rose books from over 80 years ago are full of extinct selections • His theme: Promote roses that are easy to care for, for the average home gardener • Teas, Polyanthas, Noisette’s etc offer more variety to the modern gardener than knockout or the drift series. ROSE CULTIVARS RECOMMENDED BY HUME • Shrubs: • Safrano, Maman Cochet , White • Cecile Brunner, Perle d’Or Maman Cochet • Lady Hillingdon, Isabella Sprunt • Marie Van Houtte • La Marne • Mme Lombard • Radiance, Red Radiance • Gruss an Teplitz • Duchesse de Brabant • K.A. Victoria • Feriherr von Marschall • Louis Philippe • Frau Karl Drushki ROSE CULTIVARS RECOMMENDED BY HUME • Climbing Roses: • Cl. Radiance • Fortune’s Double Yellow • Devoniensis, CL. • Cl. Perle des Jardins • Chromatella • Cl. White Maman Cochet • Reve d’ Or • Cl. Maman Cochet • Rosa banksia • Reine Marie Henriette • Belle Portugaise • Solfaterre FIRST: KNOW YOUR ROSE CLASSES • Common Old Garden Rose Classes • Common Modern Rose Classes • Damask Hybrid Tea • Gallica • • Alba • Polyantha • Centifolia • Floribunda • Bourbon • Tea • Grandiflora • China • Miniature • Hybrid Perpetual • Shrub ??? • Noisette Mistress Bosanquet - Bourbon Orange Ruffels – Hybrid Tea From Brownell CHINA CLASS • China roses • Originated from ancient Chinese varieties depicted in art over 2000 years old Louis Philippe • Brought repeat blooming characters to European Roses through extensive breeding in the 1800s • Very free flowering Old Blush • Grow extremely well in hot climates and are very disease resistant Mutabilis TEA CLASS • Tea Roses • Originated from roses brought from China in the 1800s (R. gigantea) • Named for their scent – like dry tea leaves • Historically widely grown class Mlle. Franzeska Krueger Bon Selene throughout the deep south • Wonderful for Florida – make large free flowering shrubs • Cold tender - Cannot live north of zone 7 • Most in class would make PERFECT garden and landscape shrubs in Northwest Florida Madame Antoine Mari Mons. Tillier NOISETTE CLASS E. Veryat Hermanos • Noisette Class • Started in the USA in the early 1800s • Plants can be large bushes or vigorous climbers • Easy to grow and free flowering ! Blush Noisette POLYANTHA CLASS •Polyantha • Class originated in the 1880s by breeding R. multiflora hybrids with other classes • Low growing (usually) shrubs that are easy to grow. • Very free flowering • Usually disease resistant • Most should do well in Florida The Lovely Perle ‘Or – Translates to ‘Golden Pearl’ CLIMBERS, GROUNDCOVERS • Another ‘Catch all’ • Some repeat blooming, some once blooming • Will cover a house, or just a mailbox • Several may be trained to cascade down grading walls or embankments • Several great performers for the deep south. LET’S LOOK AT SOME PROVEN OLD GARDEN ROSE CULTIVARS! LOW-MAINTENANCE ROSES Best performers state-wide from study: • Mrs. B. R. Cant – OGR/Tea • Spice – OGR/Bermuda • Louis Philippe – OGR/China • Knock Out – Modern (chilli thrips/Cercospora) Remember OGRs “Sleep, Creep, Leap” Prune lightly – Spice – Sept 8, 2014 especially Teas Mulch well ‘MRS. B. R. CANT’ • Tea - 1901 • Parentage – unknown • Medium pink color • Double blooms 3-5” ‘MRS. B. R. CANT’ – PROS/CONS • Intermediate susceptibility to black spot and cercospora leafspot • Low susceptibility to chilli thrips damage • Minimal yellowing and defoliation • Good cut flower • Light fragrance • Sprawling bush to 8-10 ft ‘SPICE’ • Bermuda Mystery • Introduction – unknown • Parentage – unknown • 3” double flowers • White to light pink • Growth 4-6’ ‘LOUIS PHILIPPE’ • aka “Florida Cracker Rose” • China - 1834 • Parentage – unknown • Rose crimson • Double blooms 2-3” BELINDA’S DREAM • Disease Resistant • Shrub Rose • Large Flowered • Great in groups • Plant 3-6 together • Grows 4-5 feet • Easy to keep in bounds BELINDA’S DREAM BELINDA’S DREAM ROSETTE DELIZY – TEA • Upright but Mannerly • Cold Tender • Very Disease Resistant • Tea Fragrance • Requires very little pruning • Appreciates deadheading ROSETTE DELIZY MADAME ANTOINE MARI – TEA • Moderately sized shrub • Wider than tall • Free flowering • Flowers “blow” quickly • Minimal pruning necessary • Disease resistant but will occasionally mildew MADAME ANTOINE MARI PERLE D’OR AND CECILE BRUNER • Polyantha, Both introduced in the 1880s • Free flowering sweetly scented • Mannerly shrub • Does not require heavy pruning • Tolerates moderate to heavy pruning • More cold hardy than the teas • Heavy feeders PERLE D’OR CECILE BRUNNER MUTABILIS • Unknown, 1800s • Flowers light yellow darkening to pink • Very large shrub • Known as the “Butterfly Rose” • Easy to grow, disease resistant BLUSH NOISETTE • Vigorous grower, Large • Introduced in 1818 • Give 10 foot space • May be trained as a climber • Easy to grow • Doesn’t mind heavy pruning, but not necessary • Extremely heavy scent at times, on cool humid mornings can smell in parking lot MONSIEUR TILLIER • Tea Rose Introduced in the late 1800s • “Bullet Proof” in the gulf south • Free-Flowering throughout the growing season • Large shrub can be a landscape focal point • Very disease resistant LA MARNE • Polyantha rose developed in 1915 • Moderately sized shrub • Produces profuse clusters • Pink Blend • Repeat blooms well • Designated Texas Earthkind MARIE PAVIE • Polyantha, Bred in France in 1888 • Nice low to moderately sized shrub • Light Pink, sweet fragrance • Repeat blooms well • Very disease resistant • Somewhat shade tolerant • (as any rose can be, still needs sunlight to thrive) SOUVENIER DE LA MALMAISON • Bourbon, Bred in France, in 1843 • Low growing shrub rose • Huge fragrant light pink flowers • Repeat blooms well • Generally disease resistant • Susceptible to Powdery Mildew in cool springs • Stunning in hot weather LAFTER • Orange Pink Hybrid Tea (older) • Introduced in 1943 by Brownell • Large tall shrub • Disease Resistant, easy to grow • Easy to root • Not as free flowering • Most disease resistant “orange” NEW DAWN • Light Pink climber • First patented plant • Disease resistant • Trainable to arbor or pillar • Can be a rampant grower • Repeat Flowering VEILCHENBLAU • Rambler, introduced in 1910 • Distinctive purple - violet flowers • Once blooming, vigorous • Fragrant • Disease Resistant • “shade tolerant” THE FAIRY • Polyantha, bred 1932 • Low growing, groundcover type • Light pink, free flowering • Disease resistant • Great for small spaces OTHER NOTEWORTHY SELECTIONS • Maman Cochet • Valentine • Arethusa • Reve d’Or • William Allen Richardson • E. Varyat Hermanos • Duchasse de Brabant • Madame Lombard • Pinkie • Pink Pet • Anna Jung • Red Cascade • Valentine • William R Smith PLANT SELECTION & ESTABLISHMENT • Most Old Garden Roses will be grown on their own roots • Sold in one or two gallon pots • Select a well rooted, healthy plant with 2 or more canes • Own root plants usually take longer to establish • Smaller, without the addition of a vigorous rootstock BEYOND OLD GARDEN ROSES • Many newer roses are decent performers • Hybrid Teas and Floribundas indluded • Most HTs require spraying of fungicides in Florida • Not for everyone • Newer types have been developed • Kordes and others • When grafted on the proper rootstock ROSA FORTUNIANA ROOTSTOCK • Native of Asia, related to R. banksia • Rootstock for sandy, nutrient poor soils • Nematode and Phytophtera resistant • Enhances vigor for many cultivars FORTUNIANA GRAFTED PLANTS • Container grown, not field grown • Less than 2 years old when sold, usually 2 gallon A FEW NEWER “MODERN” ROSES TO CONSIDER • Beverly • Gold Medal • Veterans Honor • Firefighter • Tiffany • Fragrant Plum • Mister Lincoln • Gene Boerner • Quietness • Perfect Moment Perfect Moment BEVERLY & GOLD MEDAL QUIETNESS VETERANS HONOR THANK YOU FOR LISTENING •Future Webinars •Rose Care •Propagation •Site Selection THANK YOU !! .
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