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Impact of Part Time, Flextime and Reward on Productivity (Case Study on Grab Online Transportation Partners in Kupang City)

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Impact of Part Time, Flextime and Reward on Productivity (Case Study on Grab Online Transportation Partners in Kupang City) Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 69 3rd International Conference on Tourism, Economics, Accounting, Management, and Social Science (TEAMS 2018) Impact of Part Time, Flextime and Reward on Productivity (Case Study on Grab Online Transportation Partners in Kupang City) Allen Bengngu Paulina Yuritha Amtiran Universitas Nusa Cendana Universitas Nusa Cendana Kupang, Indonesia Kupang, Indonesia [email protected] [email protected] Rolland Epafras Fanggidae Universitas Nusa Cendana Kupang, Indonesia [email protected] Abstract—The millennial era is currently causing a rapid (APJII). Its utilization is further, not only to communicate but social change in society, including in the thriving business also to buy goods, order transportation, to do business and world using internet technology in running its business known work (Fanggidae, Angi & Nursiani, 2018). In the business as online business. An online business that is growing and is world where many businesses utilize information technology widely used is an online business in the field of services, in running their businesses, one of them is developing namely Online Transportation, where this business invites application-based transportation service providers whose people to become partner. Demand for high transportation benefits have been enjoyed by the public. services from the community resulted in Grab being able to Online transportation applications turned out to be absorb partner, both from the unemployed and part time job enough to provide solutions and answer various public seekers. With flextime Grab expects its workforce to be more concerns about security in using public transportation services productive in its work activities so that it can offset that (Chan et al. 2017). Online customer transportation demand. In return for the partner productivity produced the applications only need to order and choose to use motorcycle workforce will get rewards as a reward for the results or car through applications on smart phones, as well as prices achieved. This study aims to determine the effect of Part that have been determined at the beginning (Almatsier & Time, Flextime and Reward on Productivity (Study on Grab Ashar, 2018). This facility is very helpful for the people in Online Transportation Partners in Kupang City). This research their activities considering that they no longer need to search uses quantitative descriptive method with survey data for public transportation, but simply order and wait. On the collection methods and the sample studied is a workforce other side, the presence of the Online Transportation partner Grab Kupang who works part time. Data collection application provides an opportunity for people to become techniques in this study use questionnaires conducted online partner. using the Google Form. It is expected that the results of this Demand for high transportation services from the study indicate that the variables Part Time (X1), Flextime community resulted in Grab being able to absorb partners, (X2) and Reward (X3) have a infulence on Productivity (Y) both from unemployed and part-time job seekers. The number of partners absorbed can reduce the unemployment rate, and Keywords—Flextime, Online Transportation, Part Time, Productivity, Reward. this company will expect its partners to be more productive in their work activities which can be influenced by factors such as type of work, working hours, rewards can offset I. INTRODUCTION expectations for the company and its partners. With flexibility The millennial era is currently causing rapid social time expects its partners to be more productive in their work change in the community, especially after the emergence of activities so that they can keep up with that demand. the internet. The increasing development of the internet has Productivity is often used as a measure that shows the made the growth of internet users in Indonesia continue to consideration between input and output issued as well as the increase significantly. The population of Indonesia reaches partner's role per unit of time. (Sunyoto, 2012: 41). To be able 262 million. More than 50% or around 143 million people to increase work productivity, companies must be able to have been connected to the internet throughout 2017 (Report make mutually beneficial reciprocity by providing decent of the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association rewards or wages, and efficient working hours (Antiqka & Copyright © 2019, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 155 Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, volume 69 Pradhanawati 2017). The more productive the partner, the part-time worker is someone who works only for a certain partner will get a reward given as a reward or remuneration for period of time from normal work. his work, which is used as a benchmark to imply welfare In this study what is meant by part time work is the work because the wage will be used to fulfill his needs (Ramadhan done by Grab partners that makes part time work as a part 2017). In return for the productivity of the driver produced, time job in addition to the partner's main work the partner will get a bonus in return for the results achieved. Based on the description, the researcher wants to C. Reward discuss further about how influential factors of Part Time, Basically, high performance depends on the program of Flextime and Reward that impact productivity, especially in providing incentives if it is associated with supporting work, the field of online transportation technology services. including assessment of performance, equitable information, and job security. Incentives are stronger motivations for II. LITERATURE REVIEW employees to improve the quality of their performance. The A. Flextime awards given by the company greatly affect the productivity Flextime is "flexible working hours". Workers must and tendency of employees to stay with the organization or work at a certain number of hours per week but are free to look for other jobs. vary their working hours within certain limits (Robbins, Reward according to Siswanto in Halim, et al (2009: 223) 2015). Meanwhile, according to Hook and Higgs, is a reward for services provided by a company to partners flextime is one of flexible work arrangement practices, because it has contributed peace and mind to the progress and whereby professionals are directed to work with a certain continuity of the company in order to achieve the goals set in number of hours with greater flexibility or not to work as both the short and long term. This is in line with what was said much as the working hours set in the office. It can be by Yahya (2006: 62), that compensation is a gift to employees concluded that Flextime or Flexible Working Hours are with financial payments as remuneration for work carried out workers who have a certain variation of working hours and as a motivator for the implementation of activities in the with greater flexibility and not as much as working hours future. Simamora (2012: 144) states that there are five in the office but have certain limitations in accordance characteristics that must be possessed by the compensation with the determination of the office. system if compensation is desired optimally effective in According Antiqka & Pradhanawati (2017) there are achieving its goals. These characteristics are: 1. Meaning various flextime settings, some of which are most important; 2. Flexibility; 3. Frequency; 4. Visibility; 5. Fees commonly found in practice are: a) Fixed Working Hours, meaning the number of hours D. Productivity worked is the same for all employees, for example 40 Productivity according Simanjuntak (1985: 30) is divided hours per week. Employees are allowed to choose into three classifications of definitions namely philosophical, working hours among a number of choices, for work definition, and operational technical. Philosophically, example 25 percent of employees may choose productivity contains a life view and mental attitude that between 7:00 and 15:00, 25 percent from 8:00 to always strives to improve the quality of life. Today's situation 16:00, 25 percent from 9:00 to 17:00, and the must be better than yesterday, and tomorrow's quality of life remainder from 10:00 to 18:00. must be better than today. Such a view of life and mental b) Flexible Working Hours, meaning that employees are attitude will encourage people not to feel satisfied quickly, but free to determine the numbers of working hours they instead will develop themselves and improve their ability to want in each day, but still have to meet 40 hours per work. Definition of work definition, productivity is a week. For example, employees who only want to comparison between the results achieved (output) and the work four days a week choose to work 10 hours per overall resources (input) used per unit of time. Input resources day. include land, buildings, machinery, raw materials and human c) Variable Working Hours, meaning that the working resources. hours of all employees are set equal by the company According Bellante and Jackson (1990), working hours but outside certain hours that require all employees to are seen as how much time the partner will use in his work attend, for example at 10.00 - 13.00, employees are activities. The greater the working hours used by partners, the free to choose the preferred working hours. more productive the partner will be, in relation to Grab Kupang's online transportation service partner, the working B. Part Time hours used are flexible by giving partners the time to do work Act No. 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower (UUTK) itself activities to show the existence of independent business, and does not distinguish between full-time workers, part-time this will affect how much productivity partners can produce workers, temporary workers and substitute workers. Workers (Mazundar in Manning & Effendi, 1985).
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