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Color, Light and Metamerism

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Color, Light and Metamerism Color, Light and Metamerism 1.1 Welcome Notes: Welcome to Color, Light and Metamerism, presented by The Sherwin-Williams Company. Thank you for your interest as we share important properties that affect the built environment in an array of many ways. 1.2 IDCEC Best Practices Notes: NO AUDIO RECORDED - CLICK NEXT TO CONTINUE This CEU is registered with the Interior Design Continuing Education Council (IDCEC) for continuing education credits. This credit will be accepted by the American Society of Interior Designers (ASID), International Interior Designers Association (IIDA) and Interior Designers of Canada (IDC). The content included is not deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by IDCEC of any material or construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods and services should be directed to the instructor or provider of this CEU. This program is registered for 0.1 CEU/HSW value. The IDCEC class-code is: CEU-103657-R1 This CEU will be reported on your behalf to IDCEC and you will receive an email notification. Please log in and complete the electronic survey for this CEU. Certificates of completion will be automatically issued once you have submitted the online survey for this CEU. Attendees who do not belong to ASID, IIDA or IDC and do not have a unique IDCEC number will be provided with a Certificate of Completion after this CEU. 1.3 Copyright Notes: This presentation is protected by U.S. and International copyright laws. Reproduction, distribution, display and use of the presentation without written permission of Sherwin-Williams is prohibited. 1.4 Course Description Notes: This course will describe in detail the phenomenon known as Metamerism. Principles of color and light will be explored to give the participant a greater awareness of these elements, as well as their effect on each other in the built environment. At the conclusion of the course, the participant shall be able to apply these concepts to his or her design. 1.5 Learning Objectives Notes: By the end of this course, you should be able to: Examine the properties of color, how we see color and its relationship to the inhabitant of the space. Gain knowledge and insight into the study of Metamerism. Develop an understanding between the relationship of color and light in a space. Gain knowledge for the use of color in projects. 1.6 Color Notes: Mr. Demetrious Smith, Architect, is flying north to Cleveland, Ohio for a business trip. He resides in a warm, sunny part of the southeast United States. Looking at the upcoming weather report for Cleveland, which includes colder temperatures and snow, he realizes he needs to purchase a heavier suit for the trip. At a nearby department store, he finds an ideal ensemble: dark brown pants, with a dark brown sport coat and a pumpkin-colored dress shirt. Best of all, it was all on sale. Mr. Smith has a short-notice, but very important out-of-town presentation to a new potential client the next afternoon and desires to make an outstanding first impression. As he is getting ready the next morning in Cleveland, he notices in the mirror something peculiar… The pants and shirt look great, but the jacket purchased is not brown, it is, in fact - purple! 1.7 Color Notes: Prismatic Design just completed the construction of a boutique hotel. The finishes, including stunning damask lobby wall-covering and charcoal-colored ceramic tile, have all been installed. The interior designer, Ms. Charlotte Carr, is on her way to the jobsite for a meeting the furniture installer, who has begun the process of placing furniture throughout the space. Upon walking into the lobby, Charlotte views something very out-of-place. The steel-colored fabric on the sectional seating, which looked gorgeous at the showroom, appears to have a yellowish almost dirty cast, not at all the desired look with the red and gray space. 1.8 Color Notes: The shift in color described in each scenario is referred to as Metamerism. It is the phenomenon that occurs when color changes under different light sources. Today, we will explore the relationship between Color, Light and Metamerism. 1.9 Study of Color Notes: Color is as individual as the person. Color is a freedom of expression. As we begin, what comes to mind when you think of color? The study, or theory, of Color has intrigued humankind for a long time. 1.10 Color History Notes: Aristotle developed the first known theory of color during Ancient Greek times: “He postulated that God sent down color from the heavens as celestial waves.” He defined four colors taken from nature’s four elements: earth, fire, wind and water. Source: Color Theory, Causes of Color, October 28, 2009. http://www. webexhibits.org/causesofcolor/1B.html 1.11 Color History Notes: Leonardo da Vinci was the first to suggest an alternative in color theory, adding white and black to the four traditional colors: Yellow (earth), Red (fire), Blue (wind) and Green (water). He correctly identified white as the presence of all color, and black as the absence of it. 1.12 Color History Notes: The first detailed understanding of the science of color began in 1666 when Sir Isaac Newton identified colors as a spectrum produced by a glass prism. Using two prisms, he refracted white light and defined seven colors inside it of red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, ultramarine, and violet. 1.13 Disciplines of Color Notes: Today, several different disciplines and fields share in the study of colors that include: Natural Science, Theology, Psychology, Philosophy, Biology, Medicine, Engineering, and Art. Architects and designers use this research to apply color to the built environment. “Seldom, surely, is the psychological part of an appearance in nature so great as it is in the case of color.” It is virtually impossible to be exposed to color and not respond. 1.14 What is Color Notes: Color is, “the sensation caused by certain qualities of light that the eye recognizes and the brain interprets.” It is a wavelength of light that an object produces and the eye sees. 1.15 Primary Colors Notes: Spectral light is comprised of seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. The color wheel is a circular demonstration of spectral light created to better understand the relationship between colors. Red, yellow and blue are the primary colors of the spectrum. These are pure colors that cannot be made from other colors, and they serve as the basis for all colors. Notice the way the colors, red, yellow and blue, spiral through seven colors each, creating secondary and tertiary colors. The secondary colors orange, green and purple are positioned halfway between the primary colors. The tertiary colors fill in the gaps to complete the color wheel. 1.16 Attributes of Color Notes: Color itself is the result of different wavelengths of light that stimulate certain parts of the brain. The primary colors of light are red, green and blue. When added together, these colors produce a white light, which is known as additive color mixing. 1.17 Complementary Colors Notes: The same white light is produced when a primary color of light is mixed with its true secondary complement. The complementary colors of light are cyan and red, magenta and green and yellow and blue. In this course, we will further explore light and examine the human eye and how it sees color. 1.18 The Eye and Color Notes: The eye sees color through the retina, which is the inner surface of the eye. The retina is an intricate network of receptor cells and neurons where light is converted into neutral impulses that are forwarded to the brain. There are two types of receptors in the retina: rods and cones. Rods react to brightness, but not color. Cones see color and detailed vision. There are about twelve million cones total in both eyes, and there are three types of cones: red, green and blue. Theses cones contribute to a sensation that your brain recognizes as a color. The three cones can amazingly see about 7 million colors. 1.19 The Eye and Color Notes: The retina views objects as opposite-down or mirrored. It is the brain that reverses the phenomenon, so we can view objects in their proper orientation. Additionally, the brain takes the two images seen by two eyes and combines them into one singular picture. Finally, the brain pieces missing information and makes corrections for an eye that may be problematic. This process, from the retina registering light wavelengths and transmitting signals to the brain, takes a mere 1/25th of a second. Interestingly, 20% of the light signals produced by this electro-chemical process will not even reach the brain. Instead, they will go to the pituitary gland, the master endocrine gland, to assist with its processes in the human body. 1.20 Color Blindness Notes: Color blindness is an inherited condition linked to the X chromosome. As you know, men have only one X chromosome and women have two. For a woman to be considered colorblind, both X chromosomes would be affected. This is a rare occurrence and explains why color blindness in varying degrees is more prevalent in men at 8% of the population [compared] to .4% of the population of women. It is thought that color blindness is due to the lack or reduced number of a certain type of cone. 1.21 Color Wavelengths Notes: How fast do you drive to work? Or, maybe a better question, how fast do you drive on the way home? Electromagnetic waves travel through space at 186,282 miles- per second (299,792 km/sec).
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