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Basso Et Al-2018-New Phytologi
Facing global change Veronica Basso, Maira de Freitas Pereira, François Maillard, Julieta Mallerman, Lauralie Mangeot-Peter, Feng Zhang, Clémence Bonnot To cite this version: Veronica Basso, Maira de Freitas Pereira, François Maillard, Julieta Mallerman, Lauralie Mangeot- Peter, et al.. Facing global change: The millennium challenge for plant scientists. New Phytologist, Wiley, 2018, 220 (1), pp.25-29. 10.1111/nph.15376. hal-01890694 HAL Id: hal-01890694 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01890694 Submitted on 8 Oct 2018 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Forum Meetings National Laboratory, TN, USA) highlighted the critical topics Facing global change: the and knowledge gaps the scientific community needs to fill in order to harness plant sciences to solve these societal issues. This event, millennium challenge for plant held in Nancy, France on 11–13 April 2018, hosted researchers scientists from 70 universities, research institutes and companies represent- ing 29 countries in the fields of Developmental biology, Evolu- 41st New Phytologist Symposium ‘Plant sciences tionary biology, Ecology, Plant–microorganism interactions, Physiology and Genetic engineering (Fig. 1). -
From the President's Desk
JAN/FEB 2006 From the President’s desk: 2006, the 75th anniversary of the Genetics Society of America, will be marked by a number of initiatives to reinvigorate the Society’s mission of promoting research and education in genetics. A highlight was the recently held GSA sponsored conference, “Genetic Analysis: From Model Organisms to Human Biology” in San Diego from January 5-7. This conference emphasized the importance of model organism research by illustrating the crucial contributions to human biology resulting from discoveries in these organisms. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) supported this conference both financially and by participation of key NIH administrators, including Jeremy M. Berg, director of the National Institute of General Medical Sciences. In addition to the superb science talks by international leaders the MOHB conference showcased other important and new GSA initiatives including education, public policy advocacy, graduate student support and recognition of outstanding model organism geneticists. Robin Wright, Education Committee chair, led a round table discussion on undergraduate education and the Joint Steering Committee for Public Policy and the Congressional Liaison Committee sponsored a session on science advocacy and public policy. There was a mentor lunch to support graduate students and postdocs in the next steps of their careers, and the three GSA medals were presented during the banquet, with Victor Ambros receiving the GSA Medal, Fred Sherman the Beadle Award, and Masatoshi Nei the Morgan Award. (For research highlights at the meeting, see pages 6 and 7 of this issue.) The 75th anniversary will also usher in changes to our society’s journal, GENETICS. -
EUGENICS, HUMAN GENETICS and HUMAN FAILINGS the Eugenics Society, Its Sources and Its Critics in Britain Pauline M.H.Mazumdar
EUGENICS, HUMAN GENETICS AND HUMAN FAILINGS The Eugenics Society, its sources and its critics in Britain Pauline M.H.Mazumdar London and New York 1992 CONTENTS List of illustrations vii Preface x INTRODUCTION 1 1 THE EUGENICS EDUCATION SOCIETY: THE TRADITION, THE 5 SETTING AND THE PROGRAMME 2 THE AGE OF PEDIGREES: THE METHODOLOGY OF EUGENICS, 40 1900–20 3 IDEOLOGY AND METHOD: R.A.FISHER AND RESEARCH IN 69 EUGENICS 4 THE ATTACK FROM THE LEFT: MARXISM AND THE NEW 106 MATHEMATICAL TECHN JQUES 5 HUMAN GENETICS AND THE EUGENICS PROBLEMATIC 142 EPILOGUE AND CONCLUSION 184 Notes 193 Bibliography 232 Frontispiece Pedigree of the Wedgwood-Darwin-Galton family, the model family of the eugenics movement EUGENICS, HUMAN GENETICS AND HUMAN FAILINGS What is the history of the British eugeriics movement? Why should it be of interest to how scientists work today? This outstanding study follows the history of the eugeriics movements from its roots to its heyday as the source of a science of human genetics. The primary contributions of the book are fourfold. First, it points to nineteenth-century social reform as contributing to the later eugenics movement. Second, it is based upon important archival material newly available to researchers. This material gives the reader an insight into the inner councils of the Society that could not have been obtained by relying upon published sources alone. Third, it treats the statistical methods involved in human genetics historically, in a way that allows the reader to follow their development and tie them to their context within the eugenics movement. -
Science & Policy Meeting Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz Science in The
SUMMER 2014 ISSUE 27 encounters page 9 Science in the desert EMBO | EMBL Anniversary Science & Policy Meeting pageS 2 – 3 ANNIVERSARY TH page 8 Interview Jennifer E M B O 50 Lippincott-Schwartz H ©NI Membership expansion EMBO News New funding for senior postdoctoral In perspective Georgina Ferry’s enlarges its membership into evolution, researchers. EMBO Advanced Fellowships book tells the story of the growth and ecology and neurosciences on the offer an additional two years of financial expansion of EMBO since 1964. occasion of its 50th anniversary. support to former and current EMBO Fellows. PAGES 4 – 6 PAGE 11 PAGES 16 www.embo.org HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE EMBO|EMBL ANNIVERSARY SCIENCE AND POLICY MEETING transmissible cancer: the Tasmanian devil facial Science meets policy and politics tumour disease and the canine transmissible venereal tumour. After a ceremony to unveil the 2014 marks the 50th anniversary of EMBO, the 45th anniversary of the ScienceTree (see box), an oak tree planted in soil European Molecular Biology Conference (EMBC), the organization of obtained from countries throughout the European member states who fund EMBO, and the 40th anniversary of the European Union to symbolize the importance of European integration, representatives from the govern- Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL). EMBO, EMBC, and EMBL recently ments of France, Luxembourg, Malta, Spain combined their efforts to put together a joint event at the EMBL Advanced and Switzerland took part in a panel discussion Training Centre in Heidelberg, Germany, on 2 and 3 July 2014. The moderated by Marja Makarow, Vice President for Research of the Academy of Finland. -
Issue 84 of the Genetics Society Newsletter
JANUARY 2021 | ISSUE 84 GENETICS SOCIETY NEWS In this issue The Genetics Society News is edited by • Non-canonical Careers: Thinking Outside the Box of Academia and Industry Margherita Colucci and items for future • Celebrating the 35th anniversary of DNA fingerprinting issues can be sent to the editor by email • Genetics Society Summer Studentship Workshop 2020 to [email protected]. • 2020 Heredity best student-led paper prize winners The Newsletter is published twice a year, • Industrious Science: interview with Dr Paul Lavin with copy dates of July and January. Celebrating students’ achievements: 2020 Genetics Society Summer Studentship Workshop, 2020 Heredity best student-led paper prize. Page 30 A WORD FROM THE EDITOR A word from the editor Welcome to Issue 84 elcome to the latest issue of the Thinking Outside the Box of WGenetics Society Newsletter! Academia and Industry”. This little This issue is packed with great news vade mecum for careers in genetics of achievements and good science. The collects inspiring interviews led first Genetics Society virtual workshop by our very own Postgraduate for the 2020 Summer studentship saw Representative, Emily Baker. In exceptional contributions from the Emily’s words, these experiences attending students. You can read more “demonstrate how a PhD in genetics about participants’ experiences in the can be a platform for a career in just interviews with the talk’s winners in about anything. Pursuing a career the Feature section. in academia, industry, publishing or science communication could be for Many more prizes were awarded: you, but so could many others. Why Heredity journal announced the not take a career path less travelled 2020 Heredity best student-led paper by, it might make all the difference?” winners, and James Burgon’s Heredity podcast dedicated an episode to the Enjoy! first prize winner, with insights from Best wishes, Heredity Editor-in-Chief, Barbara Margherita Colucci Mable. -
100 Years of Genetics
Heredity (2019) 123:1–3 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41437-019-0230-2 EDITORIAL 100 years of genetics Alison Woollard1 Received: 27 April 2019 / Accepted: 28 April 2019 © The Genetics Society 2019 The UK Genetics Society was founded on 25 June 1919 and “biometricians”; the Genetical Society was very much a this special issue of Heredity, a journal owned by the society of Mendelians. Remarkably, 16 of the original 87 Society, celebrates a century of genetics from the perspec- members were women—virtually unknown in scientific tives of nine past (and present) presidents. societies at the time. Saunders was a vice president from its The founding of the Genetical Society (as it was then beginning and its 4th president from 1936–1938. Perhaps known) is often attributed to William Bateson, although it the new, and somewhat radical, ideas of “genetics” pre- was actually the brain child of Edith Saunders. The enthu- sented a rare opportunity for women to engage in research siasm of Saunders to set up a genetics association is cited in because the field lacked recognition in universities, and was the anonymous 1916 report “Botany at the British Asso- therefore less attractive to men. 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: ciation”, Nature, 98, 2456, p. 238. Furthermore, the actual Bateson and Saunders (along with Punnett) were also founding of the Society in 1919 “largely through the energy influential in the field of linkage analysis (“partial coupling” as of Miss E.R Saunders” is reported (anonymously) in they referred to it at the time), having made several observa- “Notes”, Nature, 103, 2596, p. -
Estimation of the Spontaneous Mutation Rate in Heliconius Melpomene
Estimation of the Spontaneous Mutation Rate in Heliconius melpomene The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Keightley, Peter D., Ana Pinharanda, Rob W. Ness, Fraser Simpson, Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra, James Mallet, John W. Davey, and Chris D. Jiggins. 2014. “Estimation of the Spontaneous Mutation Rate in Heliconius melpomene.” Molecular Biology and Evolution 32 (1): 239-243. doi:10.1093/molbev/msu302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ molbev/msu302. Published Version doi:10.1093/molbev/msu302 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13890662 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Estimation of the Spontaneous Mutation Rate in Heliconius melpomene Peter D. Keightley,*,1 Ana Pinharanda,2 Rob W. Ness,1 Fraser Simpson,3 Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra,3,4 James Mallet,3,5 John W. Davey,2 and Chris D. Jiggins2 1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 2Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 3Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom 4Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom 5Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]. Associate editor:JohnParsch Abstract We estimated the spontaneous mutation rate in Heliconius melpomene by genome sequencing of a pair of parents and 30oftheiroffspring,basedontheratioofnumberofdenovoheterozygotes to the number of callable site-individuals. -
Issue 82 of the Genetics Society Newsletter
JANUARY 2020 | ISSUE 82 GENETICS SOCIETY NEWS In this issue The Genetics Society News is edited by Margherita Colucci and items for future • Medal and Prize Lecture Announcements issues can be sent to the editor by email • “A Century of Genetics” conference to [email protected]. • Celebrating the centenary of Fisher 1918 The Newsletter is published twice a year, • Research and travel grant reports with copy dates of July and January. Speakers’ dinner at the “A Century of Genetics” conference, November 2019, Edinburgh. (Photo by Douglas Vernimmen) A WORD FROM THE EDITOR A word from the editor Welcome to Issue 82 elcome to the latest issue of reports in the Sectional Interest Wthe GenSoc Newsletter and Groups: Reports section. my first steps (pages?) as new editor. And why not (re)discovering another I am eager to start this journey with great milestone such as the publishing you through the latest Genetics of Fisher’s 1918 paper, “The correlation Society achievements and genetics between relatives on the supposition news! I would like to thank all of Mendelian inheritance”, recently GenSoc committee for giving me this reaching its centenary recurrence? opportunity. I am sure you will greatly enjoy the In this issue, I will bring you back to report in the Features section. the inspiring and lively atmosphere Enjoy! of the GenSoc meeting ‘A Century of Genetics’ in Edinburgh (November Best wishes, 2019) - a really big thanks to all of those Margherita Colucci who kindly contributed. Many Sectional Interest groups have been very active: you will find their In this issue, I will bring you back to the inspiring and lively atmosphere of the GenSoc meeting “A Century of Genetics” in Edinburgh (November 2019) - a really big thanks to all of those who kindly contributed. -
Letter Estimation of the Spontaneous Mutation Rate In
Estimation of the Spontaneous Mutation Rate in Heliconius melpomene Peter D. Keightley,*,1 Ana Pinharanda,2 Rob W. Ness,1 Fraser Simpson,3 Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra,3,4 James Mallet,3,5 John W. Davey,2 and Chris D. Jiggins2 1Institute of Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom 2Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom 3Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom 4Department of Biology, University of York, York, United Kingdom 5Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University *Corresponding author: E-mail: [email protected]. Associate editor:JohnParsch Abstract We estimated the spontaneous mutation rate in Heliconius melpomene by genome sequencing of a pair of parents and 30oftheiroffspring,basedontheratioofnumberofdenovoheterozygotes to the number of callable site-individuals. We detected nine new mutations, each one affecting a single site in a single offspring. This yields an estimated mutation Downloaded from rate of 2.9 Â 10À9 (95% confidence interval, 1.3 Â 10À9–5.5 Â 10À9), which is similar to recent estimates in Drosophila melanogaster, the only other insect species in which the mutation rate has been directly estimated. We infer that recent effective population size of H. melpomene is about 2 million, a substantially lower value than its census size, suggesting a role for natural selection reducing diversity. We estimate that H. melpomene diverged from its Mullerian€ comimic H. erato about 6 Ma, a somewhat later date than estimatesbasedonalocalmolecularclock. http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/ Key words: mutation, Heliconius, genome sequencing. Understanding the process of spontaneous mutation is cen- as synonymous sites (Drake et al. -
Perspectives
Copyright Ó 2007 by the Genetics Society of America Perspectives Anecdotal, Historical and Critical Commentaries on Genetics Edited by James F. Crow and William F. Dove R. A. Fisher’s 1943 Unravelling of the Rhesus Blood-Group System A. W. F. Edwards1 Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge CB2 1TA, United Kingdom VEN if R. A. Fisher’s elucidation of the human blood- binatorial skills and his relations with A. S. Wiener, and E group system Rhesus in terms of the three linked to add a personal coda. It is best to take first the diagram loci C, D, and E had not proved to be substantially (Figure 1) from Fisher (1947) because it explains the correct, it would still have been an outstanding example relationship between the original Rhesus notation and of the power of analytical thought to unravel a complex that proposed by Fisher. As Fisher writes, ‘‘We may repre- array of genetical data. In fact, as a recent review relates sent the eight heritable antigen complexes geometrically (Avent et al. 2006), D is one gene (carrying the D anti- as the corners of a cube, while the six elementary antigens gen) and C and E are different splicing forms of another are represented by the faces; each allelomorphic pair of (CE carrying the C or c antigens and the E or e antigens). antigens is then a pair of opposite faces, and the three Fisher’s solution is recognizable beneath the modern faces meeting in any point specify the antigens in each molecular detail. complex.’’ (Ry) and (CdE) are in parentheses because The story of the unravelling of the Rhesus puzzle is the anti-d antibody had not yet been discovered (nor has told in chapter 13 of Joan Fisher Box’s R. -
Transcriptional Profiling of Arabidopsis Root Hairs and Pollen Defines an Apical Cell Growth Signature Jörg D
Transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis root hairs and pollen defines an apical cell growth signature Jörg D. Becker, Seiji Takeda, Filipe Borges, Liam Dolan, José A. Feijó To cite this version: Jörg D. Becker, Seiji Takeda, Filipe Borges, Liam Dolan, José A. Feijó. Transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis root hairs and pollen defines an apical cell growth signature. BMC Plant Biology, BioMed Central, 2014, 14, pp.1-14. 10.1186/s12870-014-0197-3. hal-02639633 HAL Id: hal-02639633 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02639633 Submitted on 28 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Becker et al. BMC Plant Biology 2014, 14:197 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2229/14/197 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis root hairs and pollen defines an apical cell growth signature Jörg D Becker1*, Seiji Takeda2,5, Filipe Borges1,6, Liam Dolan2,3 and José A Feijó1,4 Abstract Background: Current views on the control of cell development are anchored on the notion that phenotypes are defined by networks of transcriptional activity. The large amounts of information brought about by transcriptomics should allow the definition of these networks through the analysis of cell-specific transcriptional signatures. -
Ethylene Promotes Root Hair Growth Through Coordinated EIN3/EIL1 and RHD6/RSL1 Activity in Arabidopsis
Ethylene promotes root hair growth through coordinated EIN3/EIL1 and RHD6/RSL1 activity in Arabidopsis Ying Fenga,b, Ping Xub, Bosheng Lia, Pengpeng Lib, Xing Wena, Fengying Anb, Yan Gongb, Yi Xinb, Ziqiang Zhub,c, Yichuan Wanga,1, and Hongwei Guoa,d,1 aInstitute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; bThe State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; cCollege of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; and dPeking-Tsinghua Center of Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China Edited by José M. Alonso, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, and accepted by Editorial Board Member Joseph R. Ecker November 14, 2017 (received for review July 7, 2017) Root hairs are an extensive structure of root epidermal cells and before hair cells enter the elongation stage, with the amount of are critical for nutrient acquisition, soil anchorage, and environ- accumulated RSL4 mRNA proportional to the final root hair mental interactions in sessile plants. The phytohormone ethylene length (13). Recently, phytohormone application, such as auxin (ET) promotes root hair growth and also mediates the effects of and cytokinin treatment, and nutrient starvation were found to different signals that stimulate hair cell development. However, stimulate root hair growth in an RSL4-dependent manner (12, the molecular basis of ET-induced root hair growth remains poorly 14, 15), revealing that RSL4 is an essential node that integrates understood. Here, we show that ET-activated transcription factor multiple root hair elongation signals.