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MASTER's THESIS Radio Technologies for Smart Homes: Zigbee Or Enocean

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MASTER's THESIS Radio Technologies for Smart Homes: Zigbee Or Enocean MASTER’S THESIS Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering at the University of Applied Sciences Technikum Wien Telecommunication and Internet technologies Radio technologies for Smart Homes: ZigBee or EnOcean by Felix Richter, BSc 1200, Vienna, Höchstädtplatz 5 Supervisor 1: Mag. DI, Friedrich Praus Supervisor 2: FH-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.techn., Thomas Sommer Vienna, 27.02.2012 Declaration „I confirm that this thesis is entirely my own work. All sources and quotations have been fully acknowledged in the appropriate places with adequate footnotes and citations. Quotations have been properly acknowledged and marked with appropriate punctuation. The works consulted are listed in the bibliography. This paper has not been submitted to another examination panel in the same or a similar form, and has not been published. “ Place, Date Signature Kurzfassung Diese Masterarbeit befasst sich mit zwei möglichen Funktechnologien, die in einem „Smart Home“ (übersetzt „Intelligentes Heim“) eingesetzt werden können. Sowohl der offene ZigBee Standard als auch der proprietäre EnOcean Standard spezifizieren ein drahtloses Sensornetzwerk (WSN) und werden in den ersten Kapiteln ausführlich beschrieben. Es folgt der Vergleich beider Technologien. Dabei stellt sich heraus, dass das Hauptargument für ZigBee seine Sicherheitsfunktionen sind. Als größter Vorteil von EnOcean kann das Energy Harvesting gesehen werden. Dabei erfolgt die Energieversorgung durch das Generieren von Energie aus der Umgebung, z.B. durch Druck, Temperaturdifferenz, Sonnenenergie, etc. Der praktische Teil der Arbeit umfasst den Aufbau eines drahtlosen Sensornetzwerkes mit EnOcean-Technologie, als Teil eines Smart Home Projektes. Die Arbeit beinhaltet die Beschreibungen des Hardwareaufbaus, der Hardware selbst, und der Software- konfigurationen. Schlagwörter: ZigBee, EnOcean, drahtloses Sensornetzwerk, WSN, Energy Harvesting Abstract This master’s thesis deals with two possible wireless technologies which may be used in a Smart Home. Both the open ZigBee standard and the proprietary EnOcean standard are specifying a wireless sensor network (WSN) and both are described in detail in the first chapters. It follows the comparison of both technologies, where it comes out that ZigBee's advantages are its security functions while EnOcean's big advantage is its Energy Harvesting technology. With this technology energy is supplied by generating it from the environment, e.g. by pressure, temperature difference, solar energy, etc. The practical part of the thesis comprises the construction of a wireless sensor network with EnOcean technology, as part of a smart home project. The thesis includes descriptions of the hardware configuration, of the hardware itself, and of the software configurations. Keywords: ZigBee, EnOcean, wireless sensor network, WSN, Energy Harvesting 2 Acknowledgements I want to thank my supervisor Mag. DI Friedrich Praus for his readiness to help others. I also want to thank FH-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr.techn. Thomas Sommer who helped me finding an interesting topic, helped me improving my thesis and supported the project financially. 3 Table of Contents 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 6 1.1 Motivation ............................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Scope of work......................................................................................................... 8 2 Own contributions ................................................................................................... 8 3 State of the art ........................................................................................................ 9 3.1 ZigBee .................................................................................................................... 9 3.1.1 IEEE 802.15.4 ........................................................................................................ 9 3.1.2 ZigBee Details ...................................................................................................... 22 3.2 EnOcean .............................................................................................................. 32 3.2.1 Technical description ............................................................................................ 36 3.2.2 EnOcean Dolfin System Architecture for developers ............................................ 41 3.2.3 Fields of Application ............................................................................................. 42 3.3 Comparison of ZigBee and EnOcean ................................................................... 44 3.3.1 ZigBee and energy harvesting .............................................................................. 44 3.3.2 Technical comparison ........................................................................................... 45 3.3.3 Economic comparison .......................................................................................... 48 4 Project SMART HOME ......................................................................................... 50 4.1 Concept ................................................................................................................ 50 4.1.1 What is the Beckhoff System? .............................................................................. 51 4.1.2 EnOcean integration into the Beckhoff system ..................................................... 51 4.1.3 What is KNX? ....................................................................................................... 52 4.2 Hardware Design .................................................................................................. 53 4.2.1 Hardware components ......................................................................................... 53 4.2.2 Hardware installation and configuration (EnOcean) .............................................. 54 4.3 Software Design ................................................................................................... 64 4.3.1 TwinCat ................................................................................................................ 64 4.3.2 SmartHome Software - Source Code (PLC) ......................................................... 65 4.3.3 SmartHome Software – Configuration .................................................................. 83 4.3.4 SmartHome Software - Running System .............................................................. 89 4.3.5 SRC-ADO-V3 configuration software .................................................................... 92 4.4 Project evaluation ................................................................................................. 97 4 5 Summary & Outlook ............................................................................................. 98 Bibliography ......................................................................................................................... 99 List of Figures .................................................................................................................... 102 List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... 106 List of abbreviations ........................................................................................................... 107 A: Table of Hardware ......................................................................................................... 109 B: Description of hardware components relevant for EnOcean integration ......................... 110 1) Beckhoff BK9050 - Bus Coupler ......................................................................... 110 2) Beckhoff KL6581 - EnOcean-Masterterminal ...................................................... 112 3) Beckhoff KL6583 - EnOcean-Receiver and Transmitter ..................................... 113 4) EasySense PG1 (switch) .................................................................................... 114 5) EasySense SRG01 (switch) ............................................................................... 115 6) EasySense SRW01 – Window Contact (sensor) ................................................ 117 7) EasySense SR65 – Outdoor Temperature Sensor (sensor) ............................... 118 8) EasySense SR04PST - Indoor temperature sensor (sensor) .............................. 119 9) EasySense SRC-ADO 4AA/4DA Typ1 (actuator) ............................................... 122 C: Background technologies .............................................................................................. 123 5 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation This chapter deals with how I came to this topic, namely by my interest in environmental, research, and future technologies. The problem! – The people's energy consumption gets higher and higher and finite resources, such as oil, are getting rare with time. Ultimately renewable energy systems (solar, hydro, wind, geothermal ...) will be used for energy production. These have to be mainly due to its dependence on weather conditions, co-ordinated to meet the energy consumption optimally. This task is performed by the smart grid (intelligent power grid). Smart Grids: They are used to calculate and predict the energy consumption in future as accurately as possible. This is done by the
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