Supplementary Material

Fratercula arctica (Atlantic Puffin)

European Red List of Birds

The European Union (EU27) Red List assessments were based principally on the official data reported by EU Member States to the European Commission under Article 12 of the Birds Directive in 2013-14. For the European Red List assessments, similar data were sourced from BirdLife Partners and other collaborating experts in other European countries and territories. For more information, see BirdLife International (2015).

Contents Reported national population sizes and trends p. 2 Trend maps of reported national population data p. 3 Sources of reported national population data p. 5 Species factsheet bibliography p. 7

Recommended citation BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds. Luxembourg: Office for Official Publications of the European Communities.

Further information http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/info/euroredlist http://www.birdlife.org/europe-and-central-asia/european-red-list-birds-0 http://www.iucnredlist.org/initiatives/europe http://ec.europa.eu/environment/nature/conservation/species/redlist/

Data requests and feedback To request access to these data in electronic format, provide new information, correct any errors or provide feedback, please email [email protected].

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Fratercula arctica (Atlantic Puffin)

Table 1. Reported national breeding population size and trends in Europe1. Country (or Population estimate Short-term population trend4 Long-term population trend4 Subspecific population (where relevant) 2 territory) Size (pairs)3 Europe (%) Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality Direction5 Magnitude (%)6 Year(s) Quality DK: Faroe Is 550,000 11 1995 medium - 2004-2014 poor - 1980-2014 poor DK: Greenland 1,000-5,000 <1 2000-2012 medium - 1-25 2000-2012 poor - 1-25 1980-2012 poor France 164-187 <1 2012 good 0 0 2000-2012 good - 55-67 1978-2012 medium Iceland 2,000,000-3,000,000 47 1990 poor - 38 2003-2010 good + 0-9 1981-2002 medium Rep. Ireland 21,212 <1 2012 poor + 8 2002-2012 poor + 20 1987-2012 poor Norway 1,610,000 31 2013 good - 40 2001-2011 good - 5-60 1979-2013 good NO: Svalbard 10,000 <1 2001-2013 poor ? ? Russia 1,500-6,000 <1 2000-2012 medium F 0 2000-2012 poor F 0 1980-2012 poor United Kingdom 580,000 11 1998-2002 good + 19 1987-2000 good + 37 1969-2000 good EU27 601,000 11 Decreasing Europe 4,770,000-5,780,000 100 Decreasing 1 See 'Sources' at end of factsheet, and for more details on individual EU Member State reports, see the Article 12 reporting portal at http://bd.eionet.europa.eu/article12/report. 2 The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. 3 In the few cases where population size estimates were reported in units other than those specified, they were converted to the correct units using standard correction factors. 4 The robustness of regional trends to the effects of any missing or incomplete data was tested using plausible scenarios, based on other sources of information, including any other reported information, recent national Red Lists, scientific literature, other publications and consultation with relevant experts. 5 Trend directions are reported as: increasing (+); decreasing (-); stable (0); fluctuating (F); or unknown (?). 6 Trend magnitudes are rounded to the nearest integer.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Trend maps

A symbol appears in each country where the species occurs: the shape and colour of the symbol represent the population trend in that country, and the size of the symbol corresponds to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country.

KEY

Ç Large increase (≥50%) È Large decrease (≥50%) Ç Moderate increase (20–49%) È Moderate decrease (20–49%) Ç Small increase (<20%) È Small decrease (<20%) ñ Increase of unknown magnitude ò Decrease of unknown magnitude

å Stable or fluctuating 0 Unknown ¢ Present (no population or trend data) Ð Extinct since 1980

Each symbol, with the exception of Present and Extinct, may occur in up to three different size classes, corresponding to the proportion of the European population occurring in that country. ñ Large: ≥10% of the European population ñ Medium: 1–9% of the European population ñ Small: <1% of the European population

The designation of geographical entities and the presentation of the material do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Figure 1. Breeding population sizes and short-term trends across Europe.

Figure 2. Breeding population sizes and long-term trends across Europe.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Fratercula arctica (Atlantic Puffin)

Sources

DK: Faroe Is Breeding population size: BirdLife International (2004) Birds in Europe: population estimates, trends and conservation status. BirdLife International, Cambridge, UK. TemaNord (2010) Action plan for seabirds in Western-Nordic areas. Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen. Hammer et al. (2014) Færøsk trækfugleatlas [Faroese bird migration atlas]. Fróðskapur / Faroe University Press, Tórshavn. Breeding short-term trend: Hammer et al. (2014) Færøsk trækfugleatlas [Faroese bird migration atlas]. Fróðskapur / Faroe University Press, Tórshavn. Breeding long-term trend: Hammer et al. (2014) Færøsk trækfugleatlas [Faroese bird migration atlas]. Fróðskapur / Faroe University Press, Tórshavn. DK: Greenland Breeding population size: Boertmann, D. 2008. Grønlands Rødliste 2007. – Grønlands Hjemmestyre og Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, 152 p. Boertmann, D., Mosbech, A., Bjerrum, M., Labansen, A.L. and F. Merkel F. 2010. The Greenland seabird colony register. Poster at 1st Seabird World Conference, Victoria 7-11 Sept. 2010. Breeding short-term trend: Boertmann, D. 2008. Grønlands Rødliste 2007. – Grønlands Hjemmestyre og Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, 152 p. Boertmann, D., Mosbech, A., Bjerrum, M., Labansen, A.L. and F. Merkel F. 2010. The Greenland seabird colony register. Poster at 1st Seabird World Conference, Victoria 7-11 Sept. 2010. Breeding long-term trend: Boertmann, D. 2008. Grønlands Rødliste 2007. – Grønlands Hjemmestyre og Danmarks Miljøundersøgelser, 152 p. Boertmann, D., Mosbech, A., Bjerrum, M., Labansen, A.L. and F. Merkel F. 2010. The Greenland seabird colony register. Poster at 1st Seabird World Conference, Victoria 7-11 Sept. 2010. France Breeding population size: QUENOT François 2013 François Quenot (Ouessant) comm.pers. JACOB Yann 2013 Yann JACOB (Baie de Morlaix) comm.pers. Mélanie Le Nuz et François Siorat in GOB (coord.) 2012 Fou de Bassan, Puffin des Anglais et Macareux Moines. Atlas des oiseaux nicheurs de Bretagne. Groupe Ornithologique Breton, Bretagne Vivante-SEPNB, LPO44, Groupe d’Etudes Ornithologiques des Côtes-d’Armor., Delachaux et Niestlé, 512p. Siorat F. & Cadiou B. in : Rocamora G. & Yeatman- Berthelot D. Le Macareux moine et le Puffin des anglais. Oiseaux menacés et à surveiller en France. Listes rouges et recherche de priorités. Populations. Tendances. Menaces. Conservation. SEOF / LPO, 560 p Siorat F. Bredin D. 1996 Evolution des populations d'oiseaux marins nicheurs de l'archipel des Sept-Iles (Côtes d'Armor) [email protected] Breeding short-term trend: Mélanie Le Nuz et François Siorat in GOB (coord.) 2012 Fou de Bassan, Puffin des Anglais et Macareux Moines. Atlas des oiseaux nicheurs de Bretagne. Groupe Ornithologique Breton, Bretagne Vivante-SEPNB, LPO44, Groupe d’Etudes Ornithologiques des Côtes-d’Armor., Delachaux et Niestlé, 512p. Siorat F. & Cadiou B. in : Rocamora G. & Yeatman-Berthelot D. Le Macareux moine et le Puffin des anglais. Oiseaux menacés et à surveiller en France. Listes rouges et recherche de priorités. Populations. Tendances. Menaces. Conservation. SEOF / LPO, 560 p Siorat F. Bredin D. 1996 Evolution des populations d'oiseaux marins nicheurs de l'archipel des Sept-Iles (Côtes d'Armor) [email protected] Breeding long-term trend: Mélanie Le Nuz et François Siorat in GOB (coord.) 2012 Fou de Bassan, Puffin des Anglais et Macareux Moines. Atlas des oiseaux nicheurs de Bretagne. Groupe Ornithologique Breton, Bretagne Vivante-SEPNB, LPO44, Groupe d’Etudes Ornithologiques des Côtes-d’Armor., Delachaux et Niestlé, 512p. Siorat F. & Cadiou B. in : Rocamora G. & Yeatman-Berthelot D. Le Macareux moine et le Puffin des anglais. Oiseaux menacés et à surveiller en France. Listes rouges et recherche de priorités. Populations. Tendances. Menaces. Conservation. SEOF / LPO, 560 p Siorat F. Bredin D. 1996 Evolution des populations d'oiseaux marins nicheurs de l'archipel des Sept-Iles (Côtes d'Armor) [email protected] Iceland Breeding population size: Umhverfisráðuneytið 1992 Breeding short-term trend: Erpur S. Hanssen Breeding long-term trend: Erpur Snær Hanssen Republic of Ireland Breeding population size: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding short-term trend: Mitchell, P. Ian, Newton, S.F., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (2004) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. Results of the Seabird 2000 Census (1998-2002). T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Breeding long-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. (1991) The status of Seabirds in Britain and Ireland. T & AD Poyser, London. Expert opinion and unpublished data: S. Newton, BirdWatch Ireland; http://www.birdwatchireland.ie. Norway Breeding population size: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. Breeding short-term trend: Anker-Nilssen, T. & Sivertsen, K. 2012. Sjøfugler i Norge 2011. Resulatter fra SEAPOP-programmet. 19 pp. Breeding long-term trend: The Norwegian Monitoring programme for seabirds, Svein-Håkon Lorentsen pers.comm. NO: Svalbard Breeding population size: 1). Norwegian Polar Institute unpublished data. 2). Bangjord, G., Haugskott, T. & Hammer, S. 2013. Svalbard birds - a basic field guide. Longyearbyen Field Biological Society. 124 pages. Russia Breeding population size: Ivanenko N.Yu. 2013. Avifauna of West Murman by the example of Pechenga Bay and Ainovy Islands. – Birds of northern and southern seas of Russia: fauna, ecology. Apatity, KNC RAN: 64-102 (in Russian). Krasnov, Yu.V., Matishov, G.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Savinova, T.N. 1995. The colonial seabirds of Murman. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publishers, 224 pp. (In Russian). Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115. Breeding short-term trend: Ivanenko N.Yu. 2013. Avifauna of West Murman by the example of Pechenga Bay and Ainovy Islands. – Birds of northern and southern seas of Russia: fauna, ecology. Apatity, KNC RAN: 64-102 (in Russian). Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Fratercula arctica (Atlantic Puffin) Russia Breeding long-term trend: Ivanenko N.Yu. 2013. Avifauna of West Murman by the example of Pechenga Bay and Ainovy Islands. – Birds of northern and southern seas of Russia: fauna, ecology. Apatity, KNC RAN: 64-102 (in Russian). Krasnov, Yu.V., Matishov, G.G., Galaktionov, K.V., Savinova, T.N. 1995. The colonial seabirds of Murman. St. Petersburg: Nauka Publishers, 224 pp. (In Russian). Bakken, V. (ed.) 2000. Seabird Colony Databases of the Barents Sea Region and the Kara Sea. Norsk Polarinstitutt Rapportserie Nr 115. United Kingdom Breeding population size: Harris, M.P. & Wanless, S. 2004. Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica. Pp. 392-406. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser. Breeding short-term trend: Lloyd, C., Tasker, M.L. & Partridge, K. 1991. The status of seabirds in Britain and Ireland. London, T. & A.D. Poyser. 355 pp. Harris, M.P. & Wanless, S. 2004. Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica. Pp. 392-406. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser. JNCC (2014) Seabird Population Trends and Causes of Change: 1986-2013 Report (http://www.jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3201). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Updated August 2014. Breeding long-term trend: Cramp, S., Bourne, W.R.P. & Saunders, D. 1974. The seabirds of Britain and Ireland. London, Collins. Harris, M.P. & Wanless, S. 2004. Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica. Pp. 392-406. In: Mitchell, P.I., Newton, S., Ratcliffe, N. & Dunn, T.E. (eds.) Seabird populations of Britain and Ireland. T. & A.D. Poyser. JNCC (2014) Seabird Population Trends and Causes of Change: 1986-2013 Report (http://www.jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-3201). Joint Nature Conservation Committee. Updated August 2014.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BirdLife International (2015) European Red List of Birds Bibliography

Action plan for seabirds in Western-Nordic areas report from a workshop in Malmö, Sweden, 4-5 May 2010., (2010) . Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen.

Barrett, R.T., Anker-Nilsson, T., Rikardsen, F., Valde, K., RÃ¸v, N. and Vader, W. 1987. The food, growth and fledging success of Norwegian puffin chicks Fratercula arcitica in 1980-1983. Ornis Scandinavica 18: 73-83.

Bradbury, G., Trinder, M., Furness, B., Banks, A.N., Caldow, R.W.G., Hume, D., 2014. Mapping seabird sensitivity to offshore wind farms. PLoS ONE 9, e106366.

Corkhill, P. 1973. Food and feeding ecology of puffins. Bird Study 20(3): 207-220.

Durant, J.; Anker-Nilssen, T.; Stenseth, N. C. 2003. Trophic interactions under climate fluctuations: the Atlantic puffin as an example. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B 270: 1461- 1466.

Thorup, S.H., Jens-Kjeld Jensen, Kjeld T. Petersen, Dorete Bloch Kasper, 2014. Færøsk Trækfugleatlas. The Faroese Bird Migration Atlas. Faroe University Press, Tórshavn.

Harris, M.P. 1984. A. & C. Black Publishers Ltd, London, UK.

Harris, M.P. and Hislop, J.R.G. 1978. The food of young puffins. Journal of Zoology 185: 213-236.

Harris, M.P. and Riddiford, N.J. 1989. The food of some young seabirds on Fair Isle in 1986-88. Scottish Birds 15: 119-125.

Harris, M.P. and Wanless, S. 1986. The food of young razorbills on the Isle of May and a comparison with that of young guillemots and puffins. Ornis Scandinavica 17: 41-46.Martin,

Hislop, J.R.G. and Harris, M.P. 1985. Recent changes in the food of young puffins (Fratercula arctica) on the Isle of May in relation to fish stocks. Ibis 127: 234-239.

A.R. 1989. The diet of Atlantic puffin Fratercula arctica and northern gannet Sula bassana chicks at a Shetland colony during a period of changing prey availability. Bird Study 36(3): 170-180.

Nettleship, D.N., Kirwan, G.M., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (2014). Atlantic Puffin (Fratercula arctica). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.) (2014). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.

Piatt, J.F., Nettleship, D.N. 1985. Diving depths of four alcids. The Auk 102: 293-297.

Rodway, M.S., Montevecchi, W. A. 1996. Sampling methods for assessing the diets of Atlantic puffin chicks . Marine Ecology Progress Series 144(1-3): 41-55.

Sandvik, H.; Erikstad, K. E;, Barrett, R. T.; Yoccoz, N. G. 2005. The effect of climate on adult survival in five species of North Atlantic seabirds. Journal of Animal Ecology 74: 817-831.

Žydelis, R., Small, C., French, G., 2013. The incidental catch of seabirds in gillnet fisheries: A global review. Biological Conservation 162, 76–88.

THE IUCN RED LIST OF THREATENED SPECIES™ BIRDLIFE INTERNATIONAL (2015) EUROPEAN RED LIST OF BIRDS