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Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 40106 74-17,783 HORTON, Harold Willard, 1933- A STUDY OF THE STATUS OF BLACK STUDIES PROGRAMS IN UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1974 Education, administration University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan 0 1974 HAROLD WILLARD HORTON ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THIS DISSERTATION HAS BEEN MICROFILMED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED. A STUDY OF THE STATUS OF BLACK STUDIES PROGRAMS IN UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Harold W. Horton, B.S., B.D., M.A., M.A. ************ The Ohio State University 1974 Reading Committee: proved by Dr. James B. Gunnell Dr. Lonnie H. Wagstaff Dr. Raphael 0. Nystrand Advisor / College of Education TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.............................................. ill VITA........................................... iv PUBLICATION AND FIELD OF STUDY................................ v LIST OF TABLES................................................ vl Chapter I. INTRODUCTION............................................ I Background of the Study Statement of the Problem Definitions of Terms Limitations of the Study Significance of the Study Organization of the Dissertation II, REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE................... 12 Black Students Demand for Black Studies Definitions of the Concept of Black Studies Rationale for or Against Black Studies on Campuses Black Studies Programs III. DESIGN OF THE S T U D Y .................................... 49 IV. FINDINGS OF THE S T U D Y .................................. 57 V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS .................. Ill APPENDIXES A. CORRESPONDENCE.......................................... 131 B. QUESTIONNAIRE PILOT-TEST PARTICIPANTS ................. 137 C. QUESTIONNAIRE......................................... 139 D. FOLLOW-UP QUESTIONNAIRE ............................... 154 Page E. DATA ON INSTITUTIONS INCLUDED IN THE STUDY SAMPLE .... 156 F. REGIONAL ACCREDITING AGENCIES AND STATES WITHIN THEIR JURISDICTIONS, INCLUDING INSTITUTIONS THAT RETURNED THEIR QUESTIONNAIRES. ................ 175 BIBLIOGRAPHY.................................................. 179 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many thanks are extended to the writer's adviser. Dr. Raphael 0. Nystrand, for his counsel, encouragement, and assistance throughout the writer's doctoral program. Special thanks are also extended to Dr. Donald Noel, Dr. Herbert Coon, and to the other members of the dissertation reading committee. Dr. James Gunnell and Dr. Lonnie Wagstaff. The cooperation of the university and college Vice Presidents for Academic Affairs who participated in this study is deeply appreciated. Without their assistance, the study would not have been possible. The writer is deeply grateful to all who have given encouragement, support, and guidance throughout the doctoral program. iii VITA 1933....................Born, Portsmouth, Ohio 1951.................... Graduated, Portsmouth Public High School 1955.................... B.S. in Education, Capital University, Columbus, Ohio 1955-58 ................ Teacher, Columbus, Ohio, Public Schools 1958-62 ................ Recreation Supervisor, Columbus, Ohio, Public Recreation Department 1962....................B.D., Evangelical Lutheran Theological Seminary, Columbus, Ohio (History Major) 1962-64 ................ Teacher, Chicago, Illinois, Public Schools 1964-67 ................ Director of Education, Uhlich Children's Home, Chicago, Illinois 196 6 ....................M.A., McCormick Theological Seminary, Chicago, Illinois, (Religious Education Major) 196 7....................Teacher, Wheaton, Illinois, Public Schools 1968 ....................M.A., Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois, (Educational Administration Major) 1968-69 ................ Graduate Research Associate, The Center for Vocational and Technical Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1969-present ............Assistant Professor of Education, Capital University, Columbus, Ohio IV PUBLICATION Horton, H. W., et al., Metropolitan School District Coopération, Columbus, Ohio, The Center for Educational Administration, The Ohio State University, 1969. FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: Educational Administration Studies in Educational Administration and Higher Education, Professor Raphael 0. Nystrand Studies in Teacher Education, Professor Herbert Coon Studies in Sociology, Professor Donald Noel LIST OF TABLES Tabic Number and Title Page #1 Number of Institutions in Population of Study According to Size of Student Enrollment. .................... 59 #2 Number of Institutions in Population and in Sample According to Size of Student Enrollment............... 60 #3 Number of Institutions in Population/Sample Including Number of Respondents According to Size of Student Enrollment................................................... 61 #4 Presence of Authorized Black Studies Programs (Departments, Institutes, Centers) During the 1971-72 School Year According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.............. 62 #5 Institutions of Higher Education with Organized Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment.... 64 #6 Organized Black Studies Programs According to Public or Private Control................................. 65 #7 Institutions with Organized Black Studies Programs According to Predominant Racial Composition of Student Body.............................. 65 #8 Institutions with Organized Black Studies Programs According to Predominant Sex of Student Body................. 66 #9 Institutions with Organized Black Studies Programs According to Regional Association............................ 67 #10 Inauguration of Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition........... 68 #11 Titles for Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.............. 70 #12 Areas of Emphasis of Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition..... 71 #13 Levels of Academic Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.............. 74 vi Page #14 Types of Courses Offered by Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 75 #15 Status of Courses Offered by Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 76 #16 Enrollment of Students in Black Studies Courses According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 78 #17 Characteristics of Black Studies Faculty Members According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 79 #18 Non-academic Activities of Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 81 #19 Primary Financial Sources for Black Studies Programs According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 82 #20 Budget Range for Black Studies Programs for 1971-72 According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition.................................. 84 #21 Crucial (External and Internal) Problems Confronting Black Studies According to Size of Student Enrollment and Student-Body Composition..................