NORTH CAROLINA BANKING INSTITUTE

Volume 25 Issue 1 Article 3

3-1-2021

Front Matter

North Carolina Banking Institute

Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncbi

Part of the Law Commons

Recommended Citation North Carolina Banking Institute, Front Matter, 25 N.C. BANKING INST. (2020). Available at: https://scholarship.law.unc.edu/ncbi/vol25/iss1/3

This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by Carolina Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in North Carolina Banking Institute by an authorized editor of Carolina Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BOARD OF ADVISORS

CYBIL J. ABRAO MICHAEL D. CALHOUN Burr & Forman LLP Center for Responsible Lending Charlotte, North Carolina Durham, North Carolina

GEOFFREY W. ADAMS SCOTT A. CAMMARN Smith, Anderson, Blount, Dorsett, Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft Mitchell & Jernigan, LLP LLP Raleigh, North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina

B.T. ATKINSON MARK CHORAZAK Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough Shearman & Sterling LLP New York, New York Charlotte, North Carolina SCOTT M.A. CLARK NATHAN BATTS Piper Sandler North Carolina Bankers Association New York, New York Raleigh, North Carolina H. RODGIN COHEN DAVID LINE BATTY* Sullivan & Cromwell LLP Chapman and Cutler LLP New York, New York Charlotte, North Carolina V. GERARD COMIZIO DAVID T. BLOOM Washington College of Law Truist Financial Corporation American University Atlanta, Georgia Washington, D.C.

BROOKS F. BOSSONG AMY COOK Nexsen Pruet USAA Greensboro, North Carolina San Antonio, Texas

MARTIN H. BRINKLEY BRIAN F. CORBETT UNC School of Law Poyner Spruill LLP Chapel Hill, North Carolina Raleigh, North Carolina

GARY R. BRONSTEIN LAUREN E. DAVIS Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton UNC School of Law LLP Chapel Hill, North Carolina Washington, D.C. BETH S. DESIMONE* LISSA L. BROOME* CenterState Bank, N.A. UNC School of Law Winter Haven, Florida Chapel Hill, North Carolina PAUL S. DONOHUE DAVID J. BURGE Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP Smith Gambrell & Russell, LLP Charlotte, North Carolina Atlanta, Georgia

JOHN DOUGLAS GERALD P. HURST TIAA RBC Bank (Georgia), N.A. New York, New York Raleigh, North Carolina

TODD H. EVESON* PAMELA P. HUTSON* Wyrick Robbins Yates & Ponton U.S. Bank National Association LLP Charlotte, North Carolina Raleigh, North Carolina ROBERT J. JOHNSON, JR. KIERAN J. FALLON USAA The PNC Financial Services Group, Winston-Salem, North Carolina Inc. Washington, D.C. KENNETH C. JOHNSTON Johnston Clem Gifford ADAM FEIBELMAN Dallas, Texas Tulane University Law School New Orleans, Louisiana MARK C. KANALY Alston & Bird LLP DAVID FREEMAN* Atlanta, Georgia Arnold & Porter Washington, D.C. LAWRENCE D. KAPLAN Paul Hastings PAOLO FULGHIERI Washington, D.C. Kenan-Flagler Business School Chapel Hill, North Carolina SATISH M. KINI Debevoise & Plimpton LLP JOHN R. GARDNER Washington, D.C. K&L Gates LLP Raleigh, North Carolina WILLIAM R. LATHAN Ward and Smith P.A. LEONARD H. GILBERT* New Bern, North Carolina Holland & Knight LLP Tampa, Florida ANDREW F. LOPEZ Parker Poe Adams & Bernstein LLP THOMAS L. HAZEN Charlotte, North Carolina UNC School of Law Chapel Hill, North Carolina JACOB A. LUTZ III* Troutman Pepper LLP J. RICHARD HAZLETT Richmond, Virginia Moore & Van Allen PLLC Charlotte, North Carolina JERRY W. MARKHAM Florida International University JAMES T. HEDRICK, JR. Miami, Florida McGuireWoods LLP Charlotte, North Carolina KATHY C. MCKINNEY Haynsworth Sinkler Boyd P.A. FRANK A. HIRSCH, JR. Greenville, North Carolina Kaufman & Canoles Raleigh, North Carolina GARY MCNORRILL Performance Trust Capital Partners CAROL A. HITSELBERGER Charlotte, North Carolina Mayer Brown LLP Charlotte, North Carolina

KENNETH L. MILLER ALEX RUSSELL Bank of America Deutsche Bank Charlotte, North Carolina New York, New York

ANITA MINICUCCI GORDON B. RUSSELL Credit Suisse Kane Russell Coleman & Logan Morrisville, North Carolina Dallas, Texas

DAVID I. MONTEIRO MARGOT F. SAUNDERS Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP National Consumer Law Center Dallas, Texas Washington, D.C.

GLENN MORRICAL SCOTT SCHAAF Tucker Ellis LLP Womble Bond Dickinson Cleveland, Ohio Greensboro, North Carolina

MICHAEL NEDZBALA JOHN SCHRAMM Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP Janney Montgomery Scott LLC Richmond, Virginia Raleigh, North Carolina

EDWARD P. O’KEEFE MICHAEL SHUMAKER Moore & Van Allen PLLC Truist Financial Corporation Charlotte, North Carolina Atlanta, Georgia

REGINALD T. O’SHIELDS ROBERT A. SINGER Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta Brooks, Pierce, McLendon, Atlanta Georgia Humphrey, & Leonard LLP Greensboro, North Carolina SAULE OMAROVA Cornell Law School KAROL K. SPARKS Ithaca, New York Barack Ferrazzano Kirschbaum & Nagelberg LLP ELIZABETH S. OSTENDORF Chicago, Illinois First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company ERIC J. SPITLER Raleigh, North Carolina Retired, FDIC Washington, D.C. STEPHEN D. POE Bell, Davis & Pitt PA JOHN STOKER Winston-Salem, North Carolina Wells Fargo & Company Charlotte, North Carolina HENRY H. RALSTON Robinson Bradshaw & Hinson, P.A. RALPH N. STRAYHORN Charlotte, North Carolina Cape Point Advisory Partners LLC Charlotte, North Carolina CHRISTINA B. RISSLER Eversheds Sutherland MARGARET E. TAHYER Atlanta, Georgia Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP New York, New York PATRICIA A. ROBINSON Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz DEVON R. TUCKER New York, New York Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP Charlotte, North Carolina

MICHAEL L. URSCHEL CAMDEN R. WEBB King & Spalding LLP Williams Mullen Atlanta, Georgia Raleigh, North Carolina

WILLIAM J. WAGNER LISA A. WHITE Raymond James & Associates Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond Raleigh, North Carolina Richmond, Virginia

THOMAS E. WALLS* K. ELIZABETH WHITEHEAD UNC School of Law American Savings Bank Chapel Hill, North Carolina Honolulu, Hawaii

WILLIAM J. WALSH AMY WILLIAMS Fifth Third Bank Troutman Pepper LLP Charlotte, North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina

MICHAEL D. WATERS DANIELLE WILLIAMS Jones Walker LLP Winston & Strawn LLP Birmingham, Alabama Charlotte, North Carolina

PATRICK J. YINGLING King & Spalding LLP Charlotte, North Carolina

*Steering Committee

EMERITUS MEMBERS

TRACY CALDER CHRISTOPHER LEON Retired, LPL Financial Retired, Womble Bond Dickinson Charlotte, North Carolina Winston-Salem, North Carolina

MARION A. COWELL LISA MCDOUGALD Retired, Kilpatrick Townsend & Retired, Truist Financial Corporation Stockton LLP Winston-Salem, North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina PATRICIA M. OLIVER J. THOMAS DUNN, JR. Retired, Tucker Ellis LLP Retired, Moore & Van Allen PLLC Cleveland, Ohio Charlotte, North Carolina PAUL J. POLKING TONY GAETA Retired, Bank of America Retired, Wyrick Robbins Yates & Charlotte, North Carolina Ponton LLP Raleigh, North Carolina PAUL L. REYNOLDS Retired, Fifth Third Bancorp JERONE C. HERRING Cincinnati, Ohio Retired, BB&T Montreat, North Carolina JOSEPH SMITH ,JR Retired, Duke Law School’s Global JEWELL D. HOOVER Financial Markets Center Retired, Hoover and Associates LLC Durham, North Carolina Charlotte, North Carolina PAUL H. STOCK EUGENE M. KATZ Retired, North Carolina Bankers Retired, Wells Fargo & Company Association Charlotte, North Carolina Raleigh, North Carolina

DONALD C. LAMPE Retired, Morrison & Foerster LLP Washington, D.C.

2021 BANKING INSTITUTE SPONSORS

Alston & Bird LLP Arnold & Porter Bank of America Bell, Davis & Pitt, PA Bryan Cave Leighton Paisner LLP Burr & Forman LLP Cadwalader, Wickersham & Taft LLP Chapman and Cutler LLP Credit Suisse Davis Hartman Wright PLLC Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP Eversheds Sutherland Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company Haynsworth Sinkler Boyd, PA Holland & Knight LLP Hunton Andrews Kurth LLP Johnston Clem Gifford PLLC K&L Gates LLP Kane Russell Coleman Logan PC Kaufman & Canoles Kilpatrick Townsend & Stockton LLP King & Spalding LLP Mayer Brown LLP McGuireWoods LLP Moore & Van Allen PLLC Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP Nelson Mullins Riley & Scarborough, LLP Parker Poe Adams & Bernstein LLP Paul Hastings LLP Piper Sandler & Co Poyner Spruill LLP RBC Bank Robinson Bradshaw Signature Bank Smith, Anderson, Blount, Dorsett, Mitchell & Jernigan LLP South State Bank, N.A. Sullivan & Cromwell LLP The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc. TIAA Troutman Pepper Truist Financial Corporation Tucker Ellis LLP U.S. Bank National Association USAA Wachtell, Lipton, Rosen & Katz Ward and Smith PA Wells Fargo & Company Williams Mullen Winston & Strawn LLP Womble Bond Dickinson Wyrick Robbins Yates & Ponton LLP

THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF LAW

Administration PETER HANS, B.A., A.L.M., UNC System President MARTIN H. BRINKLEY, A.B., J.D., Dean and Arch T. Allen Distinguished Professor of Law MARY-ROSE PAPANDREA, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Samuel Ashe Distinguished Professor of Constitutional Law ANDREW HESSICK, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Strategy and Judge John J. Parker Distinguished Professor of Law CARISSA BYRNE HESSICK, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Faculty Development and Anne Shea Ransdell and William Garland “Buck” Ransdell, Jr., Distinguished Professor of Law CRAIG T. SMITH, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Assistant Dean for the Writing and Learning Resources Center and Clinical Professor of Law KELLY PODGER SMITH, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Student Affairs DEIRDRE GORDON, B.S., Associate Dean for Advancement NICK P. GOETTSCH, B.A., B.A., M.P.A, Associate Dean for Administration AMY BAREFOOT GRAEDON, B.A., Assistant Dean for Communications JENNIFER L. CLARK, B.S., Assistant Dean for Finance JOHN B. KASPRZAK, B.A., M.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for Student Development and Adjunct Professor of Law ROBERT MICHAEL BIRRENKOTT, B.A., M.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for Career Development BIANCA MACK, B.A., M.B.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for Admissions

Faculty IFEOMA Y. AJUNWA, B.A., J.D., M.PHIL., PH.D., Associate Professor of Law, Founding Director, Artificial Intelligence Decision-Making Research Program DAVID S. ARDIA, B.S., M.S., J.D., LL.M., Associate Professor of Law, Reef C. Ivey II Excellence Fund Term Professor of Law, and Co-Director of the Center for Media Law and Policy KEVIN BENNARDO, B.A., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law KIMBERLY C. BISHOP, B.A., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law MARTIN H. BRINKLEY, A.B., J.D., Dean and Arch T. Allen Distinguished Professor of Law JOHN WESLEY BROOKER, B.A., J.D., Visiting Clinical Assistant Professor of Law LISSA LAMKIN BROOME, B.S., J.D., Burton Craige Distinguished Professor of Law and Director of the Center for Banking and Finance PATRICIA L. BRYAN, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Henry P. Brandis Distinguished Professor of Law ELLIE CAMPBELL, B.A., M.A., M.A, J.D., M.L.I.S., Clinical Assistant Professor of Law and Reference Librarian ALEXA Z. CHEW, A.B., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law ANDREW CHIN, B.S., PH.D., J.D., Paul B. Eaton Distinguished Professor of Law JOHN MARTIN CONLEY, B.A., J.D., PH.D., William Rand Kenan Jr. Professor of Law JOHN F. COYLE, B.A., M.PHIL., J.D., Reef C. Ivey II Distinguished Professor of Law NICOLE M. DOWNING, B.S., J.D., M.S.L.S., Clinical Associate Professor of Law and Head of Reference Services & Interim Head of Access Services MAXINE N. EICHNER, B.A., J.D., M.A., PH.D., Graham Kenan Distinguished Professor of Law

KATE SABLOSKY ELENGOLD, B.A., J.D., Assistant Professor of Law LEWIS MOORE EVERETT, B.A., M.A., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law BARBARA A. FEDDERS, B.A., J.D., Assistant Professor of Law DEBORAH R. GERHARDT, A.B., J.D., Associate Professor of Law and Reef C. Ivey II Excellence Fund Term Professor of Law MICHAEL J. GERHARDT, B.A., M.S., J.D., Burton Craige Distinguished Professor of Jurisprudence RACHEL I. GURVICH, B.A., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law THOMAS LEE HAZEN, B.A., J.D., Cary C. Boshamer Distinguished Professor of Law ANDREW HESSICK, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Strategy and Judge John J. Parker Distinguished Professor of Law CARISSA BYRNE HESSICK, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Faculty Development and Anne Shea Ransdell and William Garland “Buck” Ransdell, Jr., Distinguished Professor of Law JEFFREY MICHAEL HIRSCH, B.A., M.P.P., J.D., Geneva Yeargan Rand Distinguished Professor of Law DONALD THOMAS HORNSTEIN, B.A., J.D., Aubrey L. Brooks Professor of Law MELISSA HYLAND, B.A., J.D., M.S.L.S., Reference and Faculty Research Services Librarian and Clinical Assistant Professor of Law MELISSA B. JACOBY, B.A., J.D., Graham Kenan Professor of Law EISHA JAIN, B.A., J.D., Assistant Professor of Law JILLIAN KATZ, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Associate Professor of Law THOMAS A. KELLEY, III, A.B., J.D., James Dickson Phillips, Jr. Distinguished Professor of Law and Director of the UNC School of Law Institute for Innovation JOSEPH E. KENNEDY, B.A., J.D., Martha Brandis Term Professor of Law JULIE L. KIMBROUGH, B.A., J.D., M.S.L.S., Deputy Director of the Law Library and Clinical Professor of Law AARON S. KIRSCHENFELD, A.B., M.S.I.S., J.D., Digital Initiatives Law Librarian and Clinical Associate Professor of Law P. ANNE KLINEFELTER, B.A., M.S.L.S., J.D., Director of Law Library and Henry P. Brandis Distinguished Professor of Law JOAN H. KRAUSE, B.A., J.D., Dan K. Moore Distinguished Professor of Law; Professor of Social Medicine in the School of Medicine; Adjunct Professor in the Gillings School of Global Public Health HOLNING S. LAU, B.A., J.D., Willie Person Mangum Distinguished Professor of Law WILLIAM P. MARSHALL, B.A., J.D., William Rand Kenan Jr Distinguished Professor of Law JONAS J. MONAST, B.A., J.D., C. Boyden Gray Distinguished Fellow, Assistant Professor of Law and Director of the Center on Climate, Energy, Environment & Economics (CE3) ERIC L. MULLER, A.B., J.D., Dan K. Moore Distinguished Professor of Law in Jurisprudence and Ethics WALTER KERREL MURRAY, B.A., J.D., Post Doc Fellow PETER NEMEROVSKI, A.B., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law GENE R. NICHOL, B.A., J.D., Boyd Tinsley Distinguished Professor of Law DONNA L. NIXON, B.S., J.D., M.S.L.S., Electronic Resources Librarian and Clinical Assistant Professor of Law JOHN V. ORTH, A.B., J.D., M.A., PH.D., William Rand Kenan Jr. Professor of Law LEIGH Z. OSOFSKY, A.B., J.D., William D. Spry III Distinguished Professor of Law MARY-ROSE PAPANDREA, B.A., J.D., Associate Dean for Academic Affairs and Samuel Ashe Distinguished Professor of Constitutional Law BETH S. POSNER, A.B., M.A., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law ZANETA M. ROBINSON, B.S., J.D., Director of Intellectual Property Initiatives and Clinical Associate Professor of Law

STACEY L. ROWLAND, B.A., M.I.S., M.S., J.D., Assistant Director for Collection and Technology Services and Clinical Associate Professor of Law KATHRYN A. SABBETH, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Associate Professor of Law OSCAR J. SALINAS, B.A., J.D., M.A., Director of Academic Excellence Program and Clinical Professor of Law MARIA SAVASTA-KENNEDY, B.A., J.D., Director of the Externship Program and Clinical Professor of Law RICHARD S. SAVER, B.A., J.D., Arch T. Allen Distinguished Professor of Law; Professor of Social Medicine in the School of Medicine; Adjunct Professor in the Gillings School of Global Public Health ANNA FRANCESCA SCARDULLA, B.A., J.D., Clinical Assistant Professor of Law THEODORE M. SHAW, B.A., J.D., Julius L. Chambers Distinguished Professor of Law and Director of the Center for Civil Rights CRAIG T. SMITH, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Assistant Dean for the Writing and Learning Resources Center and Clinical Professor of Law RICK SU, B.A., J.D., Professor of Law KATHLEEN DELANEY THOMAS, B.S., J.D., LL.M., Associate Professor of Law, George R. Ward Term Professor of Law, and Director of the UNC School of Law Tax Institute SARA B. WARF, B.A., J.D., Clinical Associate Professor of Law W. MARK C. WEIDEMAIER, B.A., J.D., Ralph M. Stockton, Jr. Distinguished Professor of Law DEBORAH M. WEISSMAN, B.A., J.D., Reef C. Ivey II Distinguished Professor of Law MARJORIE S. WHITE, A.B., J.D., Director of the Startup NC Law Clinic and Clinical Professor of Law ERIKA K. WILSON, B.S., J.D., Associate Professor of Law, Thomas Willis Lambeth Distinguished Professor in Public Policy, and Director of Clinical Programs JANINE M. ZANIN, B.A., J.D., Faculty Supervisor of Externship Programs and Clinical Associate Professor of Law

Adjunct Faculty Teresa Artis, B.A., J.D., M.B.A., Adjunct Professor of Law E. Kent Auberry, A.B., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Michael W. Ballance, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Sherrod Banks, A.B., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Carmen Bannon, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law E. William Bates II, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law David L. Batty, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Seth A. Blum, B.A., M.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Christopher Bolen, B.S., M.B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Elizabeth Braswell, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Eric J. Brignac, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Jonathan E. Broun, B.Ph., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Allen K. Buansi, B.A., J.D., PepsiCo Foundation Civil Rights Fellow, Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law R. Jean Cadigan, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law Felice M. Corpening, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Laura D. Coyle, B.S., M.A., Ph.D, Adjunct Associate Professor of Law Stephanie K. Crosse, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Benjamin A. Davidson, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Karen Davidson, B.A., M.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Jolynn Dellinger, B.A., M.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law The Honorable M. Patricia DeVine, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law

The Honorable Chris Dillon, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Mark E. Dorosin, B.A., M.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Dennis M. Duffy, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Catherine Ross Dunham, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Adjunct Professor of Law J. Ford Eubanks, B.A., M.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Tristan Fuierer, B.S., Ph.D., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Calley Gerber, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law G. Glenn Gerding, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Adjunct Professor of Law W. Mark Griffith, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Mikael R. Gross, B.S., M.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Kenneth Hammer, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Susan Elizabeth Hauser, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law J. Richard Hazlett, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Christopher J. Heaney, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law R. Harper Heckman, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Malcolm Hunter, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Samuel S. Jackson, A.B., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Robert O. Jenkins, B.A., M.P.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Valerie A. Johnson, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law John B. Kasprzak, B.A., M.A., J.D., Assistant Dean for Student Development and Adjunct Professor of Law Jeffrey R. Kaufman, A.A.S., B.S., M.B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law David B. Keim, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Adjunct Professor of Law Mark J. Kleinschmidt, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Tod M. Leaven, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Clinical Assistant Professor of Law Christopher Lynch, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Maria M. Lynch, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Richard L. Magee, A.B., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Kathryn M. Marchesini, B.S.B.A., J.D., Adjunct Associate Professor of Law James M. Markham, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law C. Steven Mason, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law John Rankin McArthur, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law William S. Mills, A.B., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Sylvia K. Novinsky, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Orla Marie O’Hannaidh, B.A., M.A., J.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law Bentley Olive, B.S., B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Mark Olive, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law The Honorable Robert F. Orr, A.B., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Barbara Osborne, B.A., M.A., M.Ed., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Amanda Reid Payne, B.A., M.A., J.D., Ph.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law M. Scott Peeler, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Katie Rose Guest Pryal, B.A., M.A., J.D., Ph.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Keith Richotte, Jr., B.A., J.D., LL.M., Ph.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Thomas C. Shanahan, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Elliot M. Silverstein, B.S., J.D., Ph.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Jared S. Smith, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law Eric J. Spitler, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Chandra T. Taylor, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law David Thaw, B.S., J.D., Ph.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Kimberly Kathyleen Tran, B.S., M.A., Ph.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor of Law Joni L. Walser, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law

Edwin L. West, III, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law Devon White, B.A., M.A., J.D., Clinical Adjunct Professor of Law Walter C. White, B.A., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law The Honorable Frank D. Whitney, B.A., J.D., M.B.A., Adjunct Professor of Law Melvin F. Wright, B.S., J.D., Adjunct Professor of Law

Faculty Emeriti JOHN CHARLES BOGER, A.B., M.DIV., J.D., Wade Edwards Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus KENNETH S. BROUN, B.S., J.D., Henry Brandis Professor of Law Emeritus CAROLINE NICHOLSON BROWN, B.A., M.A., J.D., Professor of Law Emerita MICHAEL L. CORRADO, B.A., B.S., A.M., PH.D., J.D., Arch T. Allen Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus CHARLES EDWARD DAYE, B.A., J.D., Henry Brandis Professor of Law Emeritus LAURA N. GASAWAY, B.A., M.S., J.D., Paul B. Eaton Distinguished Professor of Law Emerita S. ELIZABETH GIBSON, B.A., J.D., Burton Craige Professor of Law Emerita JOSEPH JOHN KALO, B.A., J.D., Graham Kenan Professor of Law Emeritus RONALD CHARLES LINK, A.B., M.A., J.D., Dan K. Moore Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus ARNOLD H. LOEWY, B.S., J.D., LL.M., Graham Kenan Professor of Law Emeritus RUTH ANN MCKINNEY, B.A., M.Ed., J.D., Clinical Professor of Law Emerita ROBERT P. MOSTELLER, B.A., M.A., J.D., J. Dickson Phillips Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus ALICE A. RATLIFF, B.A., M.A., J.D., Clinical Professor of Law Emerita RICHARD A. ROSEN, B.A., J.D., Professor of Law Emeritus WILLIAM J. TURNIER, B.S., M.A., J.D., Willie Person Mangum Professor of Law Emeritus JUDITH WELCH WEGNER, B.A., J.D., Burton Craige Professor of Law Emerita ARTHUR MARK WEISBURD, A.B., J.D., Reef C. Ivey II Distinguished Professor of Law Emeritus

The North Carolina Banking Institute is published annually in March by the University of North Carolina School of Law, North Carolina Banking Institute, Van Hecke-Wettach Hall, CB #3380, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3380, Phone: (919) 843-5870, Fax: (919) 843-5135, Email: [email protected].

Copyright: Copyright © 2021 by the North Carolina Banking Institute. Except as otherwise expressly provided, the North Carolina Banking Institute has provided permission for copies of any article in this volume to be made and used by nonprofit educational institutions, provided that 1) copies are distributed at or below cost, 2) the author and North Carolina Banking Institute are identified, 3) proper notice of copyright is affixed to each copy, and 4) the North Carolina Banking Institute is notified of the use.

Manuscripts: The North Carolina Banking Institute invites the submission of unsolicited manuscripts. Correspondence and manuscripts should be directed to the Editor-in-Chief.

Subscriptions and individual volumes: Subscription rates for Volume 24 are as follows: Domestic and Foreign Subscription ...... $32.50 Second class postage paid at Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and additional mailing offices. Unless notice to the contrary is received, it is assumed that a renewal of the subscription is desired by all educational institutions.

Previous volumes and complete sets of the North Carolina Banking Institute are available from William S. Hein & Co., attention Periodicals Department, 1285 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 14209, at prices that may vary. Hein may also be contacted by email at mail@shein, or by phone at 1-800-828-7571.

Publication Information: The text and citation form used in Volume 25 generally conforms to THE BLUEBOOK: A UNIFORM SYSTEM OF CITATION (21st ed. 2021). The North Carolina Banking Institute is published by The Sheridan Group of Hanover, Pennsylvania.

Cite as: N.C. BANKING INST.

studentorgs.law.unc.edu/ncbank

The views expressed in signed contributions to the North Carolina Banking Institute do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Board of Editors, the Board of Advisors, or the Center for Banking and Finance.

The Board of Editors would like to personally thank the following people and organizations for their support of the North Carolina Banking Institute:

Professor Lissa L. Broome Laura Gough Jennifer Dela Rosa Jacqueline Ward The Center for Banking and Finance Board of Advisors Dean Martin Brinkley UNC School of Law Faculty Nicole M. Downing Aaron Steven Kirschenfeld The Staff Members of Volume 25