Enclosure 3, Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for Turkey Point

Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment Enclosure 3 Page 1 of 43

Attachment 1

Enclosure 3

Turkey Point Nuclear Plant Units 6 and 7 COL Application Response to NRC RAI No. 2.7-1 (eRAI 5480)

Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities [Redacted]

(Enclosure 3 = 43 Total Pages) Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 2 of 43

Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities

[Submitted under rules of confidentiality pursuant to The National Historic Preservation Act]

Prepared for:

FloridaPower & Light 700 Universe Boulevard Juno Beach, Florida 33408

Prepared by:

Janus Research, Inc. Tampa, Florida

In cooperation with:

Golder Associates, Inc. Tampa, Florida

Revised June 2009 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 3 of 43 Preliminar, Cultural Resources Report ,for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS

T A B LE O F C O N T EN T S ...... i L IST O F TA B L E S ...... i IN T R O D U C T IO N ...... I Location of Associated Linear Facilities ...... 1 M E T H O D S ...... 4 RE S U L T S ...... 5 E ast Preferred C orridor ...... 5 Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys ...... 5 Previously Recorded Cultural Resources ...... 7 West Preferred/Secondary Corridors ...... 16 Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys ...... 16 Previously Recorded Cultural Resources ...... 18 Reclaimed Water Pipelines ...... 20 Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys ...... 20 Previously Recorded Cultural Resources ...... 20 Access Roads and Bridges ...... 20 Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys ...... 20 Previously Recorded Cultural Resources ...... 21 AGENCY COORDINATION ...... 24 C L G C oordination ...... 24 TRIBAL COORDINATION ...... 25 RE FERE N C E S ...... 27 ATTACHMENT A: Selected Pages of the Schedule of Indian Land Cessions Applicable to Miami-Dade County with Accompanying Map ATTACHMENT B: 2009 SHPO Letter for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Project

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Location of Associated Linear Facilities ...... 2 Table 2. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the East Preferred C o rrid o r ...... 5 Table 3. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the East Preferred C o rrid o r ...... 7 Table 4. Previously Recorded Historic Structures within/adjacent to the East Preferred C o rr id o r ...... 8 Table 5. Additional Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred C orridor ...... 10 Table 6. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the East Preferred C o rrid o r ...... 14 Table 7. Previously Recorded Historic Bridges within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor ...... 1 6

Janus Research i Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 4 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Table 8. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary C orridors ...... 16 Table 9. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary C orridors ...... 18 Table 10. Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the West Preferred/Secondary C orridors ...... 19 Table 11. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary C orridors ...... 19 Table 12. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the Reclaimed W ater P ipelines ...... 20 Table 13. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the Access R oads and B ridges ...... 2 1 Table 14. CLG Contacts for the Associated Linear Facilities ...... 24

Jantis Research ii Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 5 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

INTRODUCTION

On behalf of Florida Power & Light Company (FPL), and in association with Golder Associates, Janus Research conducted a cultural resources desktop analysis of the proposed Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities in Miami-Dade County, Florida. The study encompassed the proposed transmission line corridor including the East Preferred and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors, reclaimed water pipelines, several access roads and bridges, and potable water pipelines. The objective of this study was to provide a preliminary assessment of known cultural resources within and adjacent to the study area and to assist in the selection of route locations with minimal impact to significant cultural resources.

Location of Associated Linear Facilities

East Preferred Corridor, West Preferred/Secondary Corridors, and Levee Substation The East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors are located in Miami- Dade County and originate at Turkey Point Units 6 & 7. The East Preferred Corridor extends north along the coast and passes through the jurisdictions of Miami-Dade County, the villages of Palmetto Bay and Pinecrest, and the cities of Coral Gables, South Miami, and Miami. The West Preferred/Secondary Corridors pass through the jurisdictions of Miami- Dade County and the cities of Florida City, Doral, and Medley.

The East Preferred Corridor is located on the following United States Geological Survey (USGS) Quadrangle maps: Miami (1988 PR 1990), Key Biscayne (1988), South Miami (1988), South Miami NW (1955 PR 1969), Perrine (1988), Goulds (1988), and Arsenicker Keys (1988). The West Preferred/Secondary Corridors are located on the following USGS Quadrangle maps: Pennsuco (1988), Hialeah (1994), Hialeah SW (1988), Coopertown (1973), South Miami NW (1955 PR 1969), South of Coopertown (1972 PR 1969), Grossman Hammock (1956 PR 1973), Arsenicker Keys (1988), Homestead (1988), and Royal Palm Ranger Station (1956 PR 1973). The Township, Range, and Sections in which the associated linear facilities are located are listed in Table 1.

The existing Levee substation is located northwest of the intersection of NW 4 1st Street and NW 147 h Avenue in unincorporated Miami-Dade County. The existing substation property encompasses approximately 65 acres. The property currently includes the fenced area of substation equipment, stormwater retention areas, wetland mitigation areas, compacted access/patrol roads, and undeveloped areas. The proposed expansion of the fenced area of the substation is approximately 2.3 acres and is located within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. More detailed location information for these associate linear facilities can be found in the Site Certification Application.

Janus Research I Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 6 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Table 1. Location of Associated Linear Facilities Facility Township / Range / Section T54S / R40E / S 25, 34-36 T54S / R41 E / S 2-6, 15-17, 19-21, 30, 38-40 T55S / R39E / S 13, 14, 23, 24, 26, 27, 34 East Preferred Corridor' T55S / R40E / S 2, 3, 10, 15-18, 21, 22 T56S / R39E / S 3, 10, 11, 14, 23, 25, 26 T56S / R40E / S 29, 30, 32 T57S / R40E / S 4, 5, 8, 9, 17, 20, 21, 28, 33 T52S / R38E / S 25, 36 T52S/R39E /30,31 T52S/R40E /S 31 T53S / R38E / S 1, 12, 23, 24-26, 35, 36 T53S / R39E /S 18-24 West Preferred/Secondary Corridors 1 T53S / R40E / S 5-8, 17, 19, 20 T54S / R38E / S 1, 2,11-14, 23, 26 T55S/R38E/S 1,2,11,12,14 T56S / R38E/ S 3, 10,15, 22, 27, 34 T57S / R38E / S 3, 10, 15, 22, 27, 34-36 T57S / R39E / S 25-31 T57S / R40E S 28-33 / 21, 28, 29, 32 Reclaimed Water Pipeline Corridor T56S / R40E T57S / R40E S 5, 8, 17, 20, 28, 29, 33 Access Roads and Bridges (Roadway T57S / R39E S 23-27 Improvement Corridor) T57S / R40E S 28-30, 33 T57S/ R39E/$2,3, 10,11,13-15,22-25 T57S / R39E S 21,19, 2-, 33 Potable Water Pipeline Corridor T57S / R40E S 18, 19, 28-30, 33 1 Please note that portions of the East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors fall within areas that were not incorporated into the Township, Range, and Section system

Reclaimed Water Pipelines The reclaimed water pipeline corridor is collocated with existing linear facilities (i.e. roads, canals, transmission line, etc.) and extends out of the Turkey Point plant property and travels north terminating at the Miami-Dade County South District Wastewater Treatment Plant. A one-half mile buffer of the proposed corridor was provided by FPL with additional alternatives existing at the northernmost portion of the proposed reclaimed water pipeline corridor. The reclaimed water pipelines are located on the Perrine (1988) and Arsenicker Keys (1988) USGS Quadrangle maps. Township, Range, and Section information is included in Table 1. More detailed location information for these corridors can be found in the Site Certification Application.

Access Roads and Bridges Roadway improvements will be made to accommodate construction-related traffic. Improvements include widening of existing roadways, improvements to intersections, and

Janus Research 2 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 7 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

signalization. The roadway improvements are located on the Arsenicker Keys (1988) and Homestead (1988) USGS Quadrangle maps. Township, Range, and Section information is included in Table 1. More detailed location information for these corridors can be found in the Site Certification Application.

Potable Water Pipeline Additional potable water pipelines will be installed to provide potable water service to the Site. It is anticipated that the pipelines will be installed within an existing public right-of-way or on FPL property. More detailed location information for these corridors can be found in the Site Certification Application.

Area of Potential Effects (APE)

The Area of Potential Effects (APE) is defined as "the geographic area(s) within which the proposed undertaking may directly or indirectly cause changes in the character or use of historic properties listed or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places." The APE is influenced by the scale and nature of an undertaking, and as such, depends on the proposed action under consideration. The APE is determined by evaluating the improvements that will be implemented as part of the Project.

For the purposes of this preliminary analysis, Janus Research defined the areas of potential effects (APE) as 100 feet from each side of the East Preferred Corridor, West Preferred/Secondary Corridors, reclaimed water pipelines, as well as access roads and bridges. In addition, a review of previously recorded historic resources within 500 feet of each side of corridors, pipelines, roads, and bridges was conducted. This APE compensated for the uneven quality of locational data in the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) and also allowed for preliminary consideration of both potential direct and potential indirect impacts. The final APE will be established in consultation with the Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources and State Historic Preservation Office (DHR/SHPO).

3 JanusJanuts Research 3 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 8 of 43 Preliminar., CulturalResources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

METHODS

Previously recorded archaeological sites, historic structures, historic cemeteries, historic bridges, and resource groups were noted if they fell within or adjacent to the APE. Results were compiled separately for each associated linear facility.

Research was conducted to identify previously recorded archaeological sites and historic resources within the APE. This research included a detailed search of the FMSF, which serves as the official inventory of previously documented archaeological sites and historic resources and a guide to National Register of Historic Places (NRHP)-listed and eligible resources in the State. This search included an analysis of the most current GIS data, which includes both a spatial and tabular representation of previously recorded cultural resources within the State. I

Information regarding locally designated properties provided by Miami-Dade County, the City of Miami, the City of Coral Gables, and the City of South Miami, along with the State Historic Highways listings, was compared to the resources identified in the FMSF.

Please note that the FMSF serves as an archive and repository of information about Florida's recorded cultural resources, It represents an inventory of resources for which available information exists and describes their condition at a particular point of time. Because the inventory of resources is not all-inclusive on a statewide basis, gaps in data may exist. The FMSF is only as accurate and as comprehensive as the information that is submitted and users should be cognizant of the sometimes uneven quality of the information. The FMSF is an important planning tool that assists in identifying potential cultural resources issues and resources that may warrant further investigation and protection. It can be used as a guide but should not be used to determine the Division of Historical Resources'/State Historic Preservation Office's (DHR/SHPO) official position regarding the significance of a resource.

4 Janus Research 4 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 9 of 43 Preliminar, Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

RESULTS

East Preferred Corridor

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes 25 previously conducted cultural resource surveys within or adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the 25 surveys is included in Table 2.

Table 2. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the East Preferred

289 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Meadow Wood Manor Tract, Dade County, Florida (Miller 1978)

340 Dade County Archaeological Survey: Interim Report (Carr 1980)

602 Dade County Historic Survey - Introduction: The Archaeological Survey (Recommendations for Preservation Priorities and List of Inventory Properties; Inventory, Photographs, Etc.) (Carr and Rodriguez 1981)

1582 Proposed Addition of Two Lanes to the Palmetto Expressway, from SR 5/US 1 to Northwest 25th Street, and Construction of A New Interchange at Northwest 25th Street., Dade County, Florida (Browning and Wiedenfeld 1988)

1583 Proposed Improvements to SR 994/Quail Roost Drive, from SR 5/US 1 to SR 997/Krome Avenue in Dade County, Florida (Browning and Wiedenfeld 1988)

1595 [Archaeological and Historic Structure Survey] Proposed Upgrading of Southwest 87th Avenue, from U.S. 1 to Southwest 88th Street/Kendall Drive, Dade County, Florida. State Project No. 87047-1504 (Browning and Wiedenfeld 1988) 1612 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed Alandco Miami Riverside Project, Phase 1 Development Site, Miami, Florida (Ballo and Johnson 1988)

2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

2554 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed Replacement of the Southwest 2nd Avenue Bridge (Ballo and Jackson 1990)

2562 Cultural Resource Assessment of a Portion of SR 9 in Dade County, Florida (Browning and Jackson 1990)

3493 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for US 1 Exclusive Bus Lanes Project Development and Environmental Study from Southwest 112 Avenue to Datran Boulevard, Dade County, Florida (Estabrook and Fuhrmeister 1993)

3908 Riverside Heights Neighborhood Historic Site Survey (George and Milano 1994)

4506 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of S.R. 986/S.W. 72nd Street/Sunset Drive from U.S. 1 to Red Road/S.W. 57th Avenue, Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1996)

Janus Research 5 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 10 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

.. ur dflae,"A6to&r[s],and Dpate),

4888 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the US-1 Exclusive Bus Lanes Corridor from Florida City (Approximately at S.W. 344th Street) to Cutler Ridge (Approximately at S.W. 112th Avenue) In Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1997)

5343 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for 1-95 Downtown Distributor Ramps Project from: SR 9a/1-95 to: SR 5/Biscayne Boulevard in Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1997) 5643 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Report, Florida Department of Transportation, SW 112th Avenue/Allapattah Road Extension PD&E Study from: Northern Boundary of the Redeveloped HAFB; to: the Heft/SW 112th Avenue Interchange, Miami-Dade County, FL (Janus Research 1999)

7607 HIGX BU#812358-18755 Southwest 147th Avenue (Larocque 2000)

8283 3898 Shipping Avenue (2001.14) Archaeological and Historical Assessment (Carr and Doty 2001)

8956 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the MIA-J Tower Location In Miami-Dade County, Florida (Ambrosino 2003) 8958 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the HJOX Tower Location In Miami-Dade County, Florida (Ambrosino 2003) 8969 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the HJXW Tower Location In Miami-Dade County, Florida (Hughes 2003) 9538 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed Improvements to the Homestead Extension of the Florida Turnpike (HEFT) from SW 21 1th Street to the HEFT/SR 874 Interchange, Miami-Dade County (Janus Research 2003)

13187 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Road Transfer of SR 986/Sunset Drive/SW 72nd Street from SW 62nd Avenue to US-1/S Dixie Highway, County: Miami-Dade [Florida] (Janus Research 2006)

14000 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Study, South Florida East Coast Corridor Transit Analysis, Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties (Janus Research 2006)

14408 Miami Comprehensive Neighborhood Plan [Dade County, Florida] (City of Miami Planning Department 1989)

These surveys were conducted between 1978 and 2006. The scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to identify any resources that may now be considered historic.

6 Janus Research 6 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 11 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report ,for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources

Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites The FMSF search identified two previously recorded archaeological sites within or adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor. These previously recorded archaeological resources are described in Table 3.

Table 3. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor . • 4'.. ;• gp P• ýý_ j .... O6S, KF3F #SiWNgme`' Týp NCR HPa u ai on 8DA1 7 Miami Rock Mound 2 Archaeological Site / Prehistoric Not Evaluated mound (listed in FMSF as destroyed in 1979) 8DA9990 US-1 Archaeological Site / Ineligible Historic Road Segment 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Site 8DA17 is listed in the FMSF as destroyed in 1979 and has not been evaluated for listing in the NRHP by DHR/SHPO. 8DA9990 is a historic road segment recorded as a linear resource. When originally recorded, the FMSF required linear resources to be documented on archaeological site forms. Currently, they are recorded on Resource Group forms and considered to be and treated as historic resources instead of archaeological sites.

Thee o f the East Preferred Corridor is located within the North Bank and West Bank Archaeological Zones designated by the City of Miami. The same portion of the East Preferred Corridor is located - west of the City of Miami-designated South Bank Archaeological Zone.

Previously Recorded Historic Structures The FMSF search identified 191 historic structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor. Of these 191 structures, 82 previously recorded historic structures were located within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the East Preferred Corridor (Table 4) and an additional 109 previously recorded historic structures were located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor (Table 5).

One previously recorded historic structure within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor, the Southside School (45 SW 13th Street; 8DA1418), is currently individually listed in the NRHP. 8DA1418 was determined eligible under Criterion C as a notable example of modified Mission Revival style architecture. Two additional NRHP-listed structures (8DA 1184 and 8DA3704) are located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor.

Janus Research 7 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 12 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Table 4. Previously Recorded Historic Structures within/aduacent to the East Preferred Corridor .FMSF• j .site Name/Address. . . NRHP Evaluation' 8DA279 Holsum Bakery Building / 5750 S Dixie Highway Not Evaluated 8DA430 100 SW 21 Road Not Evaluated 8DA433 5900 S Dixie Highway / 5900-5910 S Dixie Highway Potentially Eligible 8DA434 5904 S Dixie Highway Potentially Eligible 8DA439 914 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA440 921 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA442 1013-1015 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA443 Shipyard Corporation / 615 SW 2nd Avenue Potentially Eligible 8DA447 123 SW 10th Street Not Evaluated 8DA448 120 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA449 105 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA456 Woodside Apartments / 2460 SW 16 Court Not Evaluated 8DA457 53 SW 14th Street Not Evaluated 8DA459 70 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA460 67 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA463 911 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA464 908 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA465 903 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA470 104 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA471 118 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA472 118 SW 9th Street Rear Not Evaluated 8DA473 120 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA474 126 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA475 128 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA483 FEC Railway Freight House / 400 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA484 916 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA485 940 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA486 3435 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA488 37 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA489 44 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA490 54 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA492 79 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA493 84 SW 13th Street Not Evaluated 8DA497 826 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA498 145 SW 21st Road Not Evaluated 8DA500 1770 SW 24th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA502 1868 SW 25th Terrace Not Evaluated

JantilS Research 8 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 13 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

FMSF # Site Name / Address NRHP Evaluation 1 8DA513 87 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA514 68 SW 1 1th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 086 Simpson Park / 85 SW 17th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 193 2500 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 243 936 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 246 1345 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 284 400 SW 2nd Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 382 Mercy Restaurant / 93 SW 8th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 394 62-62 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 395 70 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 396 29 SW 9th Street NotEvaluated 8DA1 404 75 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 418 Southside School / 45 SW 13th Street NRHP-listed 8DA1 427 171 SW 14th Street Not Evaluated

8DA1 429 37 SW 1 4th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1 688 25 SW 27 Road Not Evaluated 8DA2631 635 SW 3rd Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA2643 145 SW 8th Street Not Evaluated 8DA2754 9100 Dadeland Boulevard Not Evaluated 8DA2773 9830 SW 77th Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA2774 9840 SW 77th Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA2835 13401 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2882 Dorn Building / 5900-5904 S Dixie Highway Not Evaluated 8DA2887 6130 Sunset Drive Potentially Eligible 8DA3067 209 SW 5th Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA3186 43 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA3187 87 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA4585 South Bayshore Drive & South Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4650 4855 Ponce De Leon Blvd Not Evaluated 8DA4667 1722 SW 1 Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4668 3211 SW 1 Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4681 2939 SW 36 Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4683 126 SW 17 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4686 101 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4687 148 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4690 120 SW 31 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4691 168 SW 32 Road Not Evaluated

Janus Research 9 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 14 of 43. PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

:FMSF # Site Namei/Address NRHP Evaluation1 8DA4696 137 SW 10th Street Not Evaluated 8DA4706 1038 SW 22 Street Not Evaluated 8DA4721 1712 SW 24th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA4722 1865 SW 25th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA5618 22520 SW 134 Avenue Ineligible 8DA5621 Fitzgibbons Residence / 22850 SW 134 Avenue Ineligible 8DA5622 Fitzgibbons Residence (Bldg A) / 22850 SW 134 Ineligible Avenue 8DA6508 South Miami City Hall / 6130 Sunset Drive Ineligible 1 As recorded inthe FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Table 5. Additional Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor

FMSF # 1"SiteNdme Address NRHP EvaluatiOn 1 8DA294 Leviathan Residence / 10 SE 6th Street Not Evaluated 8DA429 152 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA431A Vizcaya Farm Building 1 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431B Vizcaya Farm Building 2 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431C Vizcaya Farm Building 3 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431D Vizcaya Farm Building 4 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431E Vizcaya Farm Building 5 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431 F Vizcaya Farm Building 6 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431G Vizcaya Farm Building 7 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431H Vizcaya Farm Building 8 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA437 5900 Sunset Drive Potentially Eligible 8DA450 51 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA451 50 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA452 76 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA461 60 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA462 52 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA469 35 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA495 60 SW 18th Road Not Evaluated 8DA496 74 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA501 1780 SW 24th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA505 46 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA515 59 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA516 52 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA517 Brickell Plaza Hotel / 44 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated

Janus Research 10 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 15 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

FMSF"# Site NameIAddress[, NRHP Evaluation'. 8DA518 2420 SW 16th Court Not Evaluated 8DA519 87 SW 18th Road Not Evaluated 8DA521 2598 Taluga Drive Not Evaluated 8DA523 Miami First United Methodist Church Not Evaluated 8DA524 2892 S W 32 Court Not Evaluated 8DA530 2912 Bridgeport Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA533 Marion Villa / 45 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA534 200 SW 32 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 180 Columbus Group / 637 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 181 650 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 184 Fire Station No. 4 / 1000 S. Miami Avenue NRHP-listed 8DA1 186 Burkhart, House and Office / 1150 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 187 1326 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 188 1525 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 190 2000 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 191 2238 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 192 2300 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 384 78 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 393 29 S 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 397 45-45 1/2 SW 10th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 399 28 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 402 60 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 405 37 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 419 Terrace Apartments / 21 SW 14th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1 445 43 SW 18 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 450 65 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1 451 73 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1 452 70 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1 454 42 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 457 73 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 465 46 SW 20th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1487 43 SW 21 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 493 38 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 494 51 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 518 32 SW 23rd Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 678 2741 SW 22nd Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 691 2497 Abaco Avenue Not Evaluated

Janus Research 11 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 16 of 43 Preliminar., Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

,FMSF # Site Name Address NRHP Evaluation 1 8DA1 695 2517 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 696 2530 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 697 2533 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 698 2539 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 699 2544 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 807 2823 Coconut Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 848 2801 Emathla Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 894 2830 Jefferson Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 895 2924 Jefferson Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 909 2911 Lucaya Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 959 2825 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 972 2621 Natoma Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 973 2630 Natoma Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 974 2631 Natoma Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 977 2601 Nocatee Drive Not Evaluated 8DA1 978 146 Oak Street Not Evaluated 8DA2014 2085 Secoffee Street Not Evaluated 8DA2015 2107 Secoffee Street Not Evaluated 8DA2016 2140 Secoffee Street Not Evaluated 8DA2080 1757 Wa-Kee-Na Drive Not Evaluated 8DA2081 1765 Wa-Kee-Na Drive Not Evaluated 8DA2082 1866 Wa-Kee-Na Drive Not Evaluated 8DA2832 13280 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2833 13295 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2834 13301 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2836 13460 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2886 5875-5885 Sunset Drive Not Evaluated 8DA3704 I & E Greenwald, Steam Engine #1058 / 3898 Shipping NRHP-listed Avenue 8DA4626 Gulf Gas Station / 1492 S Dixie Highway Not Evaluated 8DA4630 George Washington Carver Elementary / 238 Grand Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4684 157 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4685 158 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4688 160 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA471 0 3382 SW 29 Street Not Evaluated 8DA5022 113 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA5023 117-119 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA5024 125 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated

Janus Research 12 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 17 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

.:.F,MSFR# , .Site Name Address NRHP Evaluation 1 8DA5608 8370 SW 122 Street Ineligible 8DA6129 5891-93 Sunset Drive Potentially Eligible 8DA6130 5875-81 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6131 5843-49 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6132 5857 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6500 6101 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA9986 118 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9987 123/125 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9988 217 Florida Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9989 134 Florida Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9991 11555 SW 82nd Avenue Not Evaluated 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation.

Four previously recorded historic structures within or adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor are listed in the FMSF records as potentially eligible for NRHP-listing including 5900 S. Dixie Highway (8DA433); 5904 S. Dixie Highway (8DA434); Shipyard Corporation, 615 SW 2nd Avenue (8DA443); and 6130 Sunset Drive (8DA2887).Two additional potentially eligible historic structures (8DA437 and 8DA6129) are located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor. While these six resources are not officially listed in the NRHP, they are afforded the same considerations as properties listed in the NRHP (as per 36 CFR 60.4 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966). Additional properties may also be eligible for NRHP listing but have not been evaluated by SHPO.

While not individually eligible for the NRHP, the Vizcaya Farm Buildings (8DA431A- 8DA4311) are located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor and are considered contributing structures within the Vizcaya National Historic Landmark site (8DA173). The farm village buildings were designed by F. Burrall Hoffman Jr. in the Mediterranean Revival style. The village is located to the north of Vizcaya's main house and gardens, across South Miami Avenue. It includes the historic residences of Vizcaya employees, maintenance structures, and the original working farm buildings. The buildings have undergone some non- historic alterations but retain their historic integrity. The Garage Building was recently restored and is used for museum lectures and events, and plans are underway to restore the other village buildings in the future.

Several cultural resource assessment surveys are currently being conducted throughout Miami-Dade County. The East Preferred Corridor extends through current survey areas in Goulds and South Miami not represented in FMSF records. Miami-Dade County is currently conducting a county-wide survey that concentrates on post-World War II resources. This work may result in the identification of NRHP and locally eligible historic resources

13 JanJanus us Research 13 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 18 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Historic structures identified through the FMSF record search were compared to available lists of locally designated historic resources in Miami-Dade County, the City of Miami, the City of Coral Gables, and the City of South Miami. No historic structures within the East Preferred Corridor were found to be locally designated by Miami-Dade County or the City of Miami. One historic structure, George Washington Carver Elementary School, 238 Grand Avenue (8DA4630) is locally designated by the City of Coral Gables. Four historic structures, Dom Brother Buildings, 5900-5910 Sunset Drive (8DA433/8DA437/8DA2882), and 5893 Sunset Drive (8DA6129) are locally designated by the City of South Miami. An additional five historic structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor are locally designated by the City of South Miami, but did not have addresses that coincided with FMSF records. These are the Shelley Building, 5837 Sunset Drive; D.J. Red Building, 5850 Sunset Drive; 5800 Sunset Drive; and the Sylva Martin Building, 6150 Sunset Drive.

Many of the historic resources listed in Tables 4 and 5 have no formal determination of eligibility from SHPO, as they were recorded as part of local surveys or grant-funded projects. Consequently, a resources' significance may not be revealed until further research or a survey is conducted.

Previously Recorded Resource Groups Twelve resource groups were identified within or adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor (Table 6) and one additional resource group (8DA5360) was identified within 500 feet. Of these resource groups, three are historic districts, eight are linear resources (five historic roads, one canal, and two railroads), one is an archaeological district, and one was recorded as a multiple property submission, which includes individual resources or small districts that are eligible for inclusion in the NRHP and are associated by a theme, context, or architecture. Table 6. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adlacent to the East Preferred Corridor FMSF # Property Type6Name NRHP Evaluation~' 8DA4353 Linear Resource / Coral Way State Historic Highway Potentially Eligible 8DA4584 Linear Resource / Bird Road Ineligible 8DA4585 Linear Resource / S. Bayshore Drive/S. Miami Avenue Potentially Eligible 8DA4586 Linear Resource / Calle Ocho NRHP-Listed 8DA5123 Multiple Property Submission / Downtown Miami Multiple Potentially Eligible Resource Area 8DA5583 Historic District / Macfarlane Homestead Historic District NRHP-Listed 8DA6486 Linear Resource / Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6509 Historic District / Sunset Drive Historic District Potentially Eligible 8DA8039 Historic District/ Miami Roads Neighborhood Not Evaluated 8DA1 0107 Linear Resource / F.E.C. Railway Insufficient Info 8DA1 0753 Linear Resource / CSX Railroad Insufficient Info 8DA1 0754 Linear Resource / Snapper Creek Canal Ineligible 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation.

Janus Research 14 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 19 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Of these previously recorded resource groups, one historic district, the Macfarlane Homestead Historic District (8DA5583) and one linear resource Calle Ocho (8DA4586) are listed in the FMSF as NRHP-listed.

Four resource groups are considered potentially eligible for NRHP listing. These include two historic districts: Sunset Drive Historic District (8DA6509) and the Downtown Miami Multiple Resource Area (8DA5123), as well as two linear resources: Coral Way State Historic Highway (8DA4353) and S. Bayshore Drive/S. Miami Avenue (8DA4585). The Downtown Miami Multiple Resource Area (8DA5123) includes individual resources and historic districts that are eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. While not officially listed in the NRHP, these resources are afforded the same considerations as properties listed in the NRHP (as per 36 CFR 60.4 of the National Historic PreservationAct of 1966).

The resource groups identified through the FMSF search were compared to lists of locally designated historic resources in Miami-Dade County, the City of Miami, the City of Coral Gables, and the City of South Miami. No resource groups within the East Preferred Corridor were found to be locally designated by Miami-Dade County, the City of Miami, and the City of South Miami. However, Coral Way (8DA4353) is locally designated by the City of Coral Gables.

Archaeological District 8DA5360 is located within previously discussed City of Miami-designated archaeological zones extending into four more City-designated archaeological zones along the Currently DHR/SHPO has not evaluated this resource group for listing in the NRHP.

Five historic linear resources located intersecting the East Preferred Corridor are designated as State Historic Highways. These include Coral Way (8DA4353), Bird Road (8DA4584), S. Bayshore Drive/S. Miami Avenue (8DA4585), Calle Ocho (8DA4586), and Sunset Drive (8DA6486).

Previously Recorded Historic Bridges One previously recorded historic bridge (8DA6434) was identified within the East Preferred Corridor. One additional previously recorded historic bridge (8DA1087) was identified approximately 465 feet to the east. Neither bridge has been evaluated for NRHP-listing by DHR/SHPO nor has either bridge been locally designated by Miami-Dade County (Table 7).

15 JanJanusus Research 15 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 20 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Table 7. Previously Recorded Historic Bridges within/adlacent to the East Preferred Corridor FMSF #. Property Type/ Name i NRHP Evaluation.1 8DA1 087 Historic Bridge / South Miami Avenue Bridge Not Evaluated

8DA6434 Historic Bridge / Southwest 2 nd Avenue Bridge Not Evaluated 1 As recorded inthe FMSF; may require re-evaluation.

Previously Recorded Historic Cemeteries No previously recorded historic cemeteries were identified within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor.

West Preferred/Secondary Corridors

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes 25 previously conducted cultural resource assessment surveys within or adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the 25 surveys are included in Table 8.

Table 8. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the West Or~rA12 ^~ m frl-!A~ýr

283 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Site 14 Replacement Airport and its Proposed Access Corridors [Dade County, Florida] (Ammidown, Beriault and Carr 1979) 340 Dade County Archaeological Survey: Interim Report (Carr 1980)

581 [Letter Report on William D. Browning Survey] State Project No. 87010-1505, SR 5/US 1 from Monroe County Line to Four-Lane at Card Sound Road, Dade County (Browning and Morrell 1979) 602 Dade County Historic Survey - Introduction: The Archaeological Survey (Recommendations for Preservation Priorities and List of Inventory Properties; Inventory, Photographs, Etc.) (Carr and Rodriguez 1981) 1106 Survey findings in Homestead, Florida City and Longview (Metro-Dade OCED, HPD 1981) 2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

2143 Preliminary Cultural Resource Assessment of the Everglades Wildlife Management Area, Conservation Areas 2A, 2B, 3A North, 3A South, and 3B (Taylor 1988) 4378 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the US 1(SR 5) Upgrade from Abaco Road on Key Largo in Monroe County to Card Sound Road (CR 905), just South of Florida City, in Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1995)

5992 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of an 8.5 Square Mile Area, Dade County, Florida (Austin and Mohlman 2000)

16 Janus Research 16 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 21 of 43 Prelimninar' Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Su. ey Name (Autho Es]jand flate)

6687 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey For the Tamiami Trail Project Area In Miami- Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 2001) 7594 Section 106 Review of Medley (Miller 2000) 7667 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of State Road 9336 (Ingraham Highway) Improvements from Everglades National Park Entrance to NW/SW 6th Avenue (Janus Research 2002) 7738 A Phase I Archaeological Survey of the Pennsuco Parcel, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Archaeological and Historical Conservancy 2002) 8541 A Historical Survey and Assessment of the Pennsuco Cellular Tower, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Archaeological and Historical Conservancy 2002) 9018 Cultural Resource Assessment of the GHW Tower Location in Miami-Dade County, Florida (Sims 2003) 9027 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the HGHW Tower Location in Miami-Dade County, Florida (Ambrosino 2003) 9277 Final Report Historic Architectural Survey of Unincorporated Areas of Monroe County, Florida (Henry 2003) 11345 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of NW 74th Street from the Homestead Extension of the Florida Turnpike (HEFT) to SR 826/Palmetto Expressway and the HEFT from NW 41st Street to the Okeechobee Toll Plaza, County: Miami-Dade (Janus Research 2005) 11695 An Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Florida City Commons Parcel, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Carr 2005) 11696 Phase I Cultural Resources Survey of the L-31 N Seepage Management Area and Phase IISite Evaluation Study of the Levee Cut Site (8DA2104) Dade County, Florida (Koski and Loubser 2005) 12129 Cultural Resources Survey, Tamiami Trail, Modified Waters to the Everglades National Park-GRR/SEIS (Azzarello and Langdale 2005) 12178 Cultural Resource Survey of Krome Avenue (SW 177th Avenue/SR997) from SW 136th Street (Howard Drive) to US 27/State Road 25/Okeechobee Road (Janus Research 2004) 12722 An Archaeological and Historical Assessment of the Section 8 Parcel, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Beriault and Carr 2003) 12974 Cultural Resources Survey, C-1 11 Phase IIand Ill, Dade County, Florida (Koski and Langdale 2006) 13345 A Phase 1 Archaeological Survey and Assessment of the Bogg Site (8DA5131), Miami-Dade County, Florida (Carr and Franklin 2006)

17 Janus Research 17 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 22 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

These surveys were conducted between 1979 and 2006 and the scope of work may vary. Particularly, early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to identify any resources that may now be considered historic.

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources

Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites The FMSF search identified three previously recorded archaeological sites within or adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. All three previously recorded archaeological resources are listed in Table 9.

Table 9. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors 4VýWEie~jmeo~ y ye/ eo"c H Evaluation

8DA2104 Levee Cut Archaeological Site / Prehistoric Not Evaluated Midden(s) 8DA2106 Bench Mark Island Archaeological Site / Prehistoric Not Evaluated Lithic Scatter and Quarry

8DA7016 Ingraham Highway Archaeological Site / Historic Ineligible Road Segment I 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation.

Levee Cut (8DA2104) is a prehistoric midden with the potential for human remains that has not been evaluated for NRHP eligibility by the DHR/SHPO. Site 8DA2104 has been locally designated by the Miami-Dade County Historic Preservation Board (MDCHPB) and is located within the Nickernut Archaeological Zone. A Certificate to Dig and/or a Certificate of Appropriateness may be required prior to commencement of work in a designated archaeological zone. Also note that many designated archeological sites include a buffer zone surrounding the identified resource that is also subject to protection.2

One of the previously recorded archaeological resources is a linear resource and has been determined ineligible for listing in the NRHP by DHR/SHPO. When originally recorded, the FMSF required these types of resources to be documented on archaeological site forms. Currently, they are recorded on Resource Group forms and considered to be and treated as historic resources instead of archaeological sites.

Investigations regarding sites with potential, or confirmed, human remains are subject to the provisions of Chapter 872 of the Florida Statutes. Chapter 872 requires coordination with the State Archaeologist and federally recognized Native American tribes prior to any archaeological investigations. Furthermore, if human remains are encountered, further coordination will be conducted with the State Archaeologist and the federally recognized Native American tribes. Chapter 872 grants authority to the State Archaeologist in determining the disposition of the remains (i.e. whether to avoid or re-inter the remains).

Jantts Research 18 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 23 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Previously Recorded Historic Structures No historic structures were identified in the FMSF as within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. However, two previously recorded historic structures are located approximately 250 feet to the east of the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. These two structures are listed in Table 10.

Historic structures identified through the FMSF record search were compared to available lists of locally designated historic resources in Miami-Dade County. No historic structures within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors were found to be locally designated.

Table 10. Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors FMSF# Property Type /.Name / Address NRHP Evaluation1

8DA8040 Historic Structure / AT&T Pennsuco / 11011 NW 177 th Avenue Ineligible 8DA9602 Historic Structure / 11001 NW 1771h Avenue Ineligible 1 As recorded inthe FMSF; may require re-evaluation.

Previously Recorded Resource Groups Three resource groups were identified as intersecting the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. These resource groups are identified in Table 11. Two of these resource groups, the Tamiami Canal (8DA6453) and Tamiami Trail (8DA6510) are considered potentially eligible for NRHP listing. While these resources are not officially listed in the NRHP, they are afforded the same considerations as properties listed in the NRHP (as per 36 CFR 60.4 of the National Historic Presen'ationAct of 1966).

A portion of the F.E.C. Railway was also identified within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. Typically historic railways are considered historically significant, but more evaluation is needed to fully identify the eligibility for inclusion in the NRHP.

Resource Groups identified through the FMSF record search were compared to available lists of locally designated historic resources in Miami-Dade County. No resource groups within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors were found to be locally designated.

Table 11. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors FMSF # Property'TypeN•a,pme [NRHPEvaluation1 8DA6453 Historic Linear Resource / Tamiami Canal Potentially Eligible 8DA651 0 Historic Linear Resource / Tamiami Trail Potentially Eligible 8DA10107 Historic Linear Resource / F.E.C. Railway Insufficient Info 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation.

Janus Research 19 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 24 of 43 Preliminan,Cultural Resources Report for the Turk-ey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Previously Recorded Historic Cemeteries and Historic Bridges No previously recorded historic cemeteries or historic bridges were identified within 500 feet of the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors.

Reclaimed Water Pipelines

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes two previously conducted cultural resource surveys within or adjacent to the reclaimed water pipelines. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the surveys is included in Table 12.

Table 12. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the Reclaimed Water Pinalinac

Dade County Historic Survey - Introduction: The Archaeological Survey (Recommendations for Preservation Priorities and List of Inventory Properties; Inventory, Photographs, Etc.) (Carr and Rodriguez 1981)

Dade County Historic Survey, Phase 11,Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

These surveys were conducted between 1981 and 1989. The scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to identify any resources that may now be considered historic.

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources

Previously Recorded ArchaeologicalSites No previously recorded archaeological sites or archaeological zones were identified within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the reclaimed water pipelines and no previously recorded historic structures, historic districts, historic linear resources, historic cemeteries, or historic bridges were identified within 500 feet of the reclaimed water pipelines.

Access Roads and Bridges

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes five previously conducted cultural resource surveys within or adjacent to the proposed roadway improvements. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the surveys is included in Table 13.

Janus Research 20 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 25 of 43 Prelindnary Cultural Resources Report for the Titrk-ey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Table 13. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within/adjacent to the Access Roads and

20 Report of an Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Homestead Planned Unit Development, a Tract in the Southeast Saline Everglades, Dade County, Florida (Swindell 1975)

2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase 11,Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

3894 City of Homestead, Florida Historic Sites Survey (Research Atlantica 1994)

3999 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for SW 137th Avenue (Tallahassee Road), Project Development and Environmental Study (Janus Research 1994)

These surveys were conducted between 1975 and 1994. The scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to identify any resources that may now be considered historic.

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources No previously recorded archaeological sites, archaeological zones, historic structures, historic districts, historic linear resources, historic cemeteries, or historic bridges were identified within 500 feet of the access roads and bridges.

Potable Water Pipelines

The potable water pipeline corridor will be approximately 10 miles in length, starting at SW 137 1h Avenue and SW 288 1h Street and ending at the proposed water storage tank for Units 6 7. The potable water pipeline corridor is co-located with other existing or proposed linear features, other linear facility corridors proposed for this project, and the Site.

The potable water pipelines are generally located within areas that were once predominantly wetlands consisting of marsh and/or wet prairie and subjected to considerable drainage during historic times. The drainage characteristics and environmental associations for the soils located within these areas are listed in Table 7.

JanusResearch 21 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 26 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

Table 7. Detailed Soil Types within the Potable Water Pipelines

Udorthents-water complex Dredged and excavated materials from ditches, Well .drained canals, lakes, ponds, and quarries; weeds and native grasses tl Udorthents, limestone Open areas of stony limestone fragments Somwht oolysubstratum-urban land underlain by limestone and developed urban drained complex land; no natural vegetation remains Biscayne marl "Broad, low, coastal flats, marshes, sloughs, and depressions; sawgrass, cattail, primrose willow and water tolerant grasses Biscayne marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades with hard porous limestone bedrock ; drained and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Biscayne gravelly marl, Broad low flats, sloughs, and transverse glades; Poorly drained drained drained, rock-plowed or mechanically scarified and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Pennsuco marl Broad, low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Perrine marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural and cultivated;_nonaturalvegetationremains Lauderhill muck, Narrow drainageways and broad open areas of depressional sawgrass marsh; cattail and sawgrass; disturbed areas contain Brazilian pepper and Very poorly melaleuca drained Perrine marl Low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; sawgrass, cattail and primrose willow Very poorly Pennsuco marl, tidal Tidal mangrove swamps with tidal flooding; drained scattered and stunted red mangrove

Urban land Developed areas with open areas of fill and N/A udorthents Source: USDA 1996

A review of GLO historic plat maps for Township 57 South, Ranges 39 and 40 East (FDEP 1847g, 1875) indicates no military forts, encampments, battlefields, homesteads, farmsteads, or historical Native American villages within or adjacent to the potable water pipelines. Environmental information included in these plats describes the region as consisting mostly of.a combination of rocky pinelands, "soft" or wet prairies, and scattered small hammocks.

Janus Research 22 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 27 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

The FMSF notes five previously conducted cultural resource surveys within the potable water pipelines. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the five surveys is included in Table 20. These surveys were conducted between 1981 and 2007. The scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to determine any resources that may now be considered historic.

2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

3999 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for SW 137th Avenue (Tallahassee Road), Project Development and Environmental Study (Janus Research 1994) 7065 An Archaeological Survey and Assessment of the Buenaventura Lakes Parcel, Maimi-Dade County, Florida (Ransom 2002) 14770 A Cultural Resources Assessment for the Turnpike SunNav Southern Arterial Dynamic Sign Message (DMS) Project. Broward, Dade, and Palm Beach Counties, Florida (Keel 2007)

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources No previously recorded archaeological sites or archaeological zones were identified within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the potable water pipelines and no previously recorded historic structures, historic districts, historic linear resources, historic cemeteries, or historic bridges were identified within 500 feet of the potable water pipelines.

23 Janus Research 23 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 28 of 43 Preliminarv Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

AGENCY COORDINATION

CLG Coordination

A review of the Florida Certified Local Government (CLG) listings posted on the Florida Division of Historical Resources website (DHR 2009) lists five CLGs within the vicinity of the associated linear facilities including Miami-Dade County, the City of Coral Gables, the City of Homestead, the City of South Miami, and the City of Miami. CLG contacts are listed below in Table 14.

Table 14. CLG Contacts for the Associated Linear Facilities Ms. Kathleen Kauffman Mr. Jeff B. Ransom Historic Preservation Chief County Archaeologist Department of Planning and Zoning Department of Planning and Zoning Office of Historic & Archaeological Office of Historic & Archaeological Resources Resources 111 N.W. First Street, Suite 695 111 N.W. First Street, Suite 695 Miami, FL 33128 Miami, FL 33128 (305) 375-3506 (305) 375-3412 [email protected] [email protected] 4-, Ms. Ellen Uguccioni Ms. Simone C. Chin Historic Preservation Officer Historic Preservation Administrator City of Miami City of Coral Gables 444 S.W. 2nd Avenue-3rd Floor 407 Biltmore Way Miami, FL 33130 Coral Gables, FL 33134 Phone: (305) 416-1423 Phone: (305) 460-5094 Fax: (305) 416-2156 Fax: (305) 460-5097 [email protected] [email protected] Dan Wick Mr. Sanford Youkilis Assistant Director of Community City of South Miami Redevelopment Agency Director of Planning and Zoning City of Homestead Silvia Martin Building (north of City 790 North Homestead Boulevard Hall) Homestead, FL 33030-6299 6130 Sunset Drive Phone: (305) 224-4487 South Miami, FL 33143 Fax: (305) 224-4489 (305) 663-6326 Email: [email protected] syoukilis @cityofsouthmiami.net

24 JaiiiisJanuls Research 24 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 29 of 43 PreliminaryCultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

TRIBAL COORDINATION

The Native American Consultation Database (NACD) (National Park Service [NPS] 2006), Bureau of Indian Affairs [BIA] GIS data (2002), NPS compiled tables of Native American land cessions (2008), and the United States Congressional serial set regarding Native American land cessions available through the Library of Congress American Memory Project

(56th Congress, 1 st session 1899:704-705, 734-735) were reviewed in order to determine the federally and State-recognized tribes within Florida. This was done to determine whether the associated linear facilities traverse reservation land, land associated with State-recognized tribes, or lands once considered to be tribally affiliated.

The NACD (NPS 2006) identified five federally-recognized tribes affiliated with Florida. They include the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida, the Muscogee (Creek) Nation of Oklahomaa, the Poarch Band of Creek Indians of Alabama, the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma, and the Seminole Tribe of Florida. Two of these tribes, the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida and the Seminole Tribe of Florida, are resident and have reservations in the State of Florida. The locations of Tribal Reservations are defined by GIS data digitized by the BIA (2002) and were obtained through the Florida Geographic Data Library (FGDL).

This GIS data also depicts the location of land associated with one State-recognized tribe, the East Band of Creek Indians. Their land is located in the western panhandle of Florida. Additionally, the FMSF listed no defined traditional cultural properties within the associated linear facilities.

However, the associated linear facilities are located within lands once considered to be tribally affiliated. The second part of a two part publication entitled Eighteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1896-1897 was assembled by Charles C. Royce. This publication included an inventory of Native American land cessions and an accompanying 67 maps illustrating the described cession of land.

The NPS (2008) under the United States Department of Interior, created a collection of tables based on Royce's information which lists the map number, the Native American tribe named within the treaty, and the present-day tribes applicable for the land cession conducted between 1784 and 1894 by county. Additionally, through the Library of Congress' American

Memory Project, the United States Congressional serial set (56th Congress, 1st session 1899:704-705, 734-735) regarding the Indian Land Cessions (Attachment C) in the United States between 1784 and 1894 are available online with an accompanying map of the lands ceded within Florida (Attachment A: Figures 1 and 2).

Combining the pertinent pages and map available from the Library of Congress with the tables provided by the NPS, it was established that the associated linear facilities traverse land that was ceded from the 'Florida Tribes' (present day Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida and Seminole Tribe of Florida) to the Unites States. The land ceded by the 'Florida Tribes' is designated on the map as number 118 (Attachment A: Figure 3).

Janus Research 25 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 30 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

26 Janus Research 26 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 31 of 43 Preliminary Cultural Resources Report for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities Revised June 2009

REFERENCES

56th Congress, I" session 1899 Indian Land Cessions in the United States, 1784 to 1894. S. Doc. No. 4015. Electronic document, http://memory.loc.gov/anmnem/amlaw/lwss-ilc.html, accessed February 21, 2008.

Bureau of Indian Affairs 2002 Indian Lands and Native Entities in Florida. Electronic data, http://www.fgdl.org/metadataexplorer/explorer.jsp, accessed February 21, 2008.

Florida Department of Historical Resources (DHR) 2009 List of Certified Local Governments (CLG). Electronic document, http://dhr.dos.state.fl.us/preservation/compliance/local/docs/CLG-list.doc, accessed October 27, 2008.

Florida Master Site File (FMSF) 2008a Florida Master Site File Access Database. Electronic database, copies available from the Division of Historic Resources, Office of the Florida Master Site File, Tallahassee. 2008b Florida Master Site File GIS Data, Electronic data, copies available from the Division of Historic Resources, Office of the Florida Master Site File, Tallahassee.

National Park Service (NPS) 2008 FLORIDA-Present-Day Tribes Associated with Indian Land Cessions 1784-1894, Electronic document, http://www.nps.gov/history/nagpra/onlinedb/landcessions /index.htm, accessed February 21, 2008. 2006 Native American Consultation Database. Electronic document, http://home.nps.gov/nacd, accessed February 21, 2008.

Janus Research 27 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 32 of 43

ATTACHMENT A:

SELECTED PAGES OF THE SCHEDULE OF INDIAN LAND CESSIONS APPLICABLE TO MIAMI-DADE COUNTY WITH ACCOMPANYING MAP

Janus Research 28 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 33 of 43

704 INDIAN LAND CESSIONS IN THE UNITED STATES [-rI•. A.". 18

SCHEDULE OF INDIAN

Daa Where or hiow De Weroricloded Reference Tribe Description of cession or reservation

1821 1 Aug. 29 Chicago, Illi- Stat. L., Ottawa, Chip- said tract, then such line shall be continued until it strikes nois. v.I, 218. pewa, and the western boundary of the tract ceded to the U. S. by Potawatomi, treaty of Detroit in 1807, and from the termination of the said line, following the boundaries of former cessions, to the main branch of the Grand river of Lake Michigan, should any of the said lines cross the said river, but if none of the said lines should cress the said river, then to a point duo E. of the source of the said main branch of the said river, and from such point due W. to the source of the said principal branch, and from the crossing of the said river or from the source thereof, as the case may be. down the said river on the N. bank thereof to the mouth; thence following the shore of Lake Michigan to th• S. bank of the said river St Joseph at the month thereof and thence with the said S. bank to the place of beginning. From the foregoing cession the said Indians reserve for their use the following tracts, viz: 1. One tract at Maig-ach-qua village, on the river Peble, of 6 miles square. 2. One tract at Mick-ke-saw-be of 6 miles square. 3. One tract at the village of Na.to-wa.se-pe of 4 miles square. 4. One tract at the village of Prairie Roudo of 3 miles square. 5. One tract at the village of Match-e-bc-narh-she-wish, at the head of the Kekalamazoo river. The U. S. grants from above cession 26 sections of land to indi- Yidhals of Indian descent. 1823 Mar. 3 Act of Con- Stat. L., Moravia, or Congress, by the provisions of this act, appropriated $1,000 gress, I res.Indians.i, 749. Christian with which to purchase and extinguish the Indian title to three tracts of land, containing 4,000 acres eaeh, lying on Muskinguin river, in Tusuarawas couuty, Ohio. These tracts were as follows:

1. One tract of 4,000 acres at Shoenbrun ...... 2. One tract of 4,000 acres at Gnadenhutten ...... 3. One tract of 4,000 acres at Salem ...... Sept. 18 Camp oil Stat. L., Florida tribes. The Florida tribes cedo to the U. S. all claim or title which Me ntItri e vii, 224. they have to the whole territory of Florida, with the excep- creek in tion of such district of country as shall herein be allotted to Florida them. territory. The Floridah tribes will hereafter he concentrated and confined to the following metes and boundaries: Commencing5 miles N. of (Ikehumke, running in a direct line to n pointS5 miles W. of Setarky's settlement, oii the waters of the Ainazura (or Withlahaehio river), leaving said settlement 2 miles S. of the line; from thence in a direct lint to the S. end of the Big Hammock, to include Chicknchate; continuing in the same direction for 5 miles beyond the said Hlaminock, provided said point does not approach nearer than 15 miles the seacoast of the Gulf of Nexico; ifit does the said line will terminate at that distance from the seacoast; thence S. 12 miles; thence in a S. 300 E. direction until the same shall strike within 5 miles of the main branch of Charlotte river; thence in a duo E. direction to within 20 miles of the Atlantic coast; thence N. 150 W. for 50 miles, and from this last to the beginning point. The Indians having objected• to being concentrated within the limits above described, for fear there was insufficient good land to subsist them, the U. S. agree that should said territory, after examination, be found to contain insufficientgood land, then the N. line, as above defined, shall be removed so far N. as to embrace a sufficient quautity of good tillable lanl.

Figure 1: Schedule of Indian Land Cessions (56th Congress, 1st Session 1899:704) Describing Land Cession Number 118: Lands Ceded by the 'Florida Tribes' (Present-Day present day Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida and Seminole Tribe of Florida)

JanusResearch 29 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 34 of 43

BoYCE] CESSIONS OF 1821-1823 705

LAND CESSIONNS-Continued.

Designation of cession Oe 71op llistoricaldata and remarks Number Location

-I.

This reserve was ceded to the U.S. by treaty of Sept. 19, 1827. The boundaries were never ascertained. 138 Michigan 1. This reserve was ceded to the U. S. by treaty of Sept. 19,1827 : ...... See I This reserve was ceded to the U. S. by treaty of Sept. 27, 1833...... This reserve was ceded to the 1. S. by treaty of Sept. 19, 1827. This reserve was ceded to the U. S. by treaty of Sept. 19,1827.

An ordinance of Congress of Sept. 3, 1788, set apart three tracts of 4,000 acres each at Shoenbruu, Gnadenhutten, and Salem, on Muskingum river, for See 188 the Society of United Brethren, to be used in propagating the gospel among the heathen. By act of Congress approved June 1, 1790, provision was made for surveying and patenting these tracts to the society in question, in trust for the benefit of the Christian Indians. Under the provisions of the act of Mar. 3, 182, Lewis Cass was appointcd to negotiate for the relinquishment of the title to the U. S. This he secured andt transmitted the relinquish- went of both the society and the Indians to tie War Department,, under date of Nov. 19. 1823, Lnd by act of May 26, 1824, Congress made provision for the disposition of the latids...... See6

...... L...... 118 llorida.

The boundaries of this reserve were partly surveyed and ti erenmiuder approxi- See 173 Florida. mated by Colonel Gadsden in 182.1. They are shown by yellow lines. Colonel Gadsden recommended an addition to the reserve to include more tillable land. This addition was tuade by Executive order, July 29,1824, and is shown by a Crimsonu line. A second additioe was made for a like purpose by the President, and Maj. J. A. Coffee surveyed the same in 182G. This second enlargement is shown, by greeen lines. Th reserve as thus onlarged wts ceded to the U. S., May 9,1832.

This was dnue in 1824 and again in 1826 by Executive order, as set forth above.

Figure 2: Schedule of Indian Land Cessions (56th Congress, Vs Session 1899:705) Describing Land Cession Number 118: Lands Ceded by the 'Florida Tribes' (Present-Day present day Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida and Seminole Tribe of Florida)

Janus Research 30 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 35 of 43

Figure 3: Cropped View of Map (56th Congress, 1- Session 1899) Illustrating Cession Number 11i: Lands Ceded by the 'Florida Tribes' (Present-Day present day Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida and Seminole Tribe of Florida)

31 Janus Research 31 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 36 of 43

ATTACHMENT B 2009 SHPO LETTER FOR THE TURKEY POINT UNITS 6 & 7 PROJECT

Janus Research 32 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 37 of 43 Florida Power & Light Company, P.O. Box 14000, Juno Beach, FL 33408-0420 Environmental Services Department

FPL. FLHR-09-0062

February 20, 2009 Ms. Laura Kammerer Florida Department of State Division of Historical Resources RA Gray Building, 4"' floor 500 S. Bronough St. Tallahassee FL 32399-0250

SUBJECT: Florida Power & Light Company Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Project, Miami Dade County, Florida

Dear Ms. Kammerer:

Florida Power & Light Company (FPL) is preparing permit and license applications to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) and the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) to allow construction and operation of two new nuclear units and associated project features at our existing Turkey Point property in Miami-Dade County, Florida (the "proposed action").

This project will require federal approval by the NRC and USACE. Therefore, consistent with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of 1966 (Public Law 89-665, as amended), as implemented by 36 CFR 800 (Protection of Historic Properties, effective January 2001), a cultural resource assessment is in progress. Moreover, this project is being conducted in accordance with F.A.C. Electrical Power Plant Siting Act and as prescribed by DEP Form 62-11.211(1), F.A.C. Accordingly, the cultural resource assessment will comply with Chapter 267, Florida Statutes (Florida Historical Resources Act), the minimum field methods, data analysis, and Chapter IA-46 (Archaeological and Historical Report Standards and Guidelines), F.A.C.

Janus Research is assisting FPL with the cultural resource investigations and will be contacting your office on FPL's behalf to obtain required information as needed. A cultural resource assessment (CRA) survey of the proposed power plant site and facilities associated with the project is in progress. A copy of this report will be submitted with the Site Certification Application. A CRA survey of additional facilities associated with the proposed project (e.g., transmission lines) will be conducted once final routes and locations are selected. Field work in areas where FPL does not control the property may have to wait until the final right of way is secured. Copies of the CRA report for associated facilities will be forwarded to you office when completed and post SCA submittal.

an FPL Group company Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 38 of 43

The Turkey Point property is located in Miami-Dade County, Florida, adjacent to Biscayne Bay and Card Sound, about 25 miles south of Miami (Figure 1). The total, non- contiguous property area is approximately 11,000 acres. The developed portion of the property includes a natural gas fuieled generating unit; two oil/gas-fired generating units, and two nuclear-powered generating units. This proposed action would further develop approximately 300 acres of the property west and south of these existing units, primarily within an existing cooling canal /industrial wastewater treatment facility. In addition, FPL will construct (1) pipelines to'convey dual cooling water supplies (reclaimed and saltwater) to new cooling towers, (2) power transmission lines to connect the new units with the regional electric grid, and (3) a reclaimed water treatment facility to condition the reclaimed water for cooling water uses. In addition, because fill material is necessary for the unit foundations, FPL is proposing to place fill sourced from a commercial mine and/or nearby FPL-owned property approximately 4 miles northwest of the proposed site. These areas are shown in Figures 2 and 3. Figures 2A and 2B include the project features in the vicinity of the proposed plant area. Figure 3 also provides an expanded view of the area showing the proposed transmission corridor.

Please note that an Unanticipated Finds Plan will be in place prior to construction in the unlikely event that any cultural remains are encountered during construction. In the event that human remains, archeological or historical objects are found during construction or maintenance activities, all activity that might disturb the human remains will cease in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 872.05. In addition, if historical or archeological artifacts are discovered, notification will be made to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection Southeast District Office and Bureau of Historical Preservation, Division of Historical Resources Office.

Thank you for your attention to this request; I will follow up with you to confirm receipt and to address any questions or concerns you may have. Should you need to talk to me earlier, please reach me by telephone at 561-691-2808.

Sincerely,

Matthew J. Raffenberg Manager, Environmental Licensing Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 39 of 43

Figure 1 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 3 Page 40 of 43

Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 SIte

"sotMl 0.12 0.9 214

usoo0: * & IlMOWNa G9SM-pCOgus.luua*4c2.maOJ Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-G40 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment I Enclosure 3 Page 41 of 43 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-495 Attactiment 1 Enclosure 3 Rage 42 of 43

f______SqZ M-

I rv"IMIIAL iIAVSMISSION ROUTES BEING STUDIED

. • -.

%7i 7

------::'- .--- :: • " i- : z - i " • • IE -i- " " - --. •- A. .""- o--- ""

L /F - 7.--7-7

,_: ý6. .

-f| ,•• , _ - _ 3___- 4: ...

3- 7 3:SCAYNEK.l N1OAL

FPL TURKEY POINT UNITSG&7 TRAM,%I$SSO LINES Legend .'x. 0 FPLSWtd .Eea S UlOpenm FPL RWgh*-f-ý Availabe fEr use __ _ . J,- -• - Pi,c= West Rouatf - Poteten Eas Routes -T ':.

S'\ lbfkey Poifl Phn* PmWVlt Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment Enclosure 4 Page 1 of 59

Attachment I

Enclosure 4

Turkey Point Nuclear Plant Units 6 and 7 COL Application Response to NRC RAI No. 2.7-1 (eRAI 5480)

Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Work Plan for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities [Redacted]

(Enclosure 4 = 59 Total Pages) Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 2 of 59

Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Work Plan for the

Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities

[Submitted under rules of confidentiality pursuant to The National Historic Preservation Acti ..

Prepared for:

Florida Power & Light 700 Universe Boulevard Juno Beach', Florida 33408

Prepared by: . Janus Research Tampa, Florida

In cooperation with:

Golder Associates, Inc. Tampa, Florida

and /-" ..

Bechtel Corporation Frederick, Maryland

June 2009 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 3 of 59

June 2009

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TA BLE O F CON TEN TS ...... i LIST O F ATTACH MEN TS ...... i LIST O F TA BLES ...... ii IN TRO DUCTION ...... 1 Project Location ...... 2 Project Description ...... 5 A rea of Potential Effects (A PE) ...... 5 PRECON TACT O VERV IEW ...... 7 Paleoindian Period (12,000-7500 BC) ...... 7 A rchaic Period (7500-500 BC) ...... 7 Form ative Period (500 BC-A D 1513) ...... 9 H ISTO RIC O VERV IEW ...... 11 European Contact and Colonial Period (ca. 1513-1821) ...... 11 The Territorial and Statehood Period (1821-1860) ...... 11 C ivil W ar and Post-Civil W ar Period (1860-1898) ...... 12 Spanish-American War Period/Turn-of-the-Century Period (1898-1917) ...... 14 W orld W ar I and A fterm ath Period (1917-1920) ...... 14 Florida Boom Period (1920-1930) ...... 15 Depression and N ew Deal Period (1930-1940) ...... 15 W orld W ar II and the Post W ar Period (1940-1950) ...... 16 EN VIRON M EN TA L O VERVIEW ...... 17 Paleo-Environm ent ...... 17 Physiographic Regions ...... 18 A RCHAEO LOG ICAL SITE POTENTIA L ZON ES ...... 20 East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors ...... 21 Reclaim ed W ater Pipelines ...... 23 A ccess Roads and Bridges ...... 24 Potable W ater Pipelines ...... 25 BA CKG RO UN D RESEA RCH ...... 27 East Preferred Corridor ...... 27 W est Prefered/Secondary Corridors ...... 38 Reclaim ed W ater Pipelines ...... 42 Access Roads and Bridges ...... 43 Potable W ater Pipelines ...... 43 REFEREN CES CITED ...... 49

LIST OF ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1: Location of Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites, Site Potential Zones, and National Historic Landmark within Associated Linear Facilities illustrated on a 2004 Aerial

i Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 Enclosure 4 Page 4 of 59 Cultural Resource Assessment Survyev Work Plan/for the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities June 2009

LIST OF TABLES

UUUUTable 1. Location of Associated Linear Facilities ...... 3 Table 2. Orange Period Ceramic Chronology ...... 9 Table 3. G lades Cultural Sequence ...... 10 Table 4. Detailed Soil Types within the East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary C o rrid o rs ...... 2 1 Table 5. Detailed Soil Types within the Reclaimed Water Pipelines ...... 23 Table 6. Detailed Soil Types within the Access Roads and Bridges ...... 24 Table 7. Detailed Soil Types within the Potable Water Pipelines ...... 25 Table 8. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the East Preferred Corridor ..... 27 Table 9. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor ...... 29 Table 10. Previously Recorded Historic Structures within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor ...... 30...... 30 Table 11. Additional Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the East P referred C orridor ...... 32 Table 12. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor ...... 36 Table 13. Previously Recorded Historic Bridges within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor 38 Table 14. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the West Preferred/Secondary C orr ido rs ...... 38 Table 15. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the West Preferred/ Secondary C orridors ...... 40 Table 16. Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors ...... 41 Table 17. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors ...... 42 Table 18. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the Reclaimed Water Pipelines ...... 42 Table 19. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the Access Roads and Bridges ...... 43 Table 20. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the Potable Water Pipelines.. 44

ii Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 5 of 59

June 2009

INTRODUCTION

In accordance with the provisions of 10 CFR 52 and supporting guidance, Florida Power and Light Company (FPL) has developed a combined license (COL) application to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission for construction and operation of two new nuclear generating units, Units 6 & 7, at the existing Turkey Point Plant Property in Miami-Dade County, Florida.' The purpose of this Work Plan is to develop a strategy for meeting the cultural resource requirements for the COL application.

The Project includes Turkey Point Units 6 & 7, transmission lines and transmission system improvements to connect the new nuclear generating units to the FPL transmission system, a reclaimed water pipeline from the Miami Dade Water and Sewer Department (MDWASD) South District Wastewater Treatment Plant to the FPL reclaimed water treatment facility, treated reclaimed water delivery pipelines from the FPL reclaimed water treatment facility to Units 6 & 7, potable water pipelines, radial collector wells and associated pipelines connected to caissons on the Turkey Point peninsula, FPL-owned fill source northwest of the FPL Turkey Point Plant Property, equipment barge unloading area, and access roads and bridges connecting the Site to public roadways in southern Miami-Dade County.

Included in this work plan are the linear facilities associated with the Project, all of which are located in Miami-Dade County (Attachment 1: Figures 1-4). A separate work plan has been developed for the Site and associated non-linear facilities.

The associated linear facilities in this work plan include:

* New transmission lines going north and west from the Clear Sky substation (the East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors) and the Levee substation expansion * Reclaimed water delivery pipelines from the MDWASD South District Wastewater Treatment Plant to the FPL reclaimed water treatment facility (reclaimed water delivery pipelines) * Access roads and bridges to Units 6 & 7 (access roads and bridges) * Potable water pipelines from MDWASD potable water transmission main to Units 6 & 7 (potable water pipelines)

All research conducted as part of this project will comply with Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NI-PA) of 1966 (Public Law 89-655, as amended), and its implementing regulations (36 CFR 800: Protection of Historic Properties); and Section 102 of the National Environmental Policv Act (NEPA) of 1969, as amended. The project will also be conducted in accordance with NUREG 1437, Regulatory Guide 4.2, Regulatory Guide 4.2 S1, and NUREG 1555.

The Turkey Point plant property includes 11,000 acres owned FPL, including the existing plant but excluding the Everglades Mitigation Bank.

I Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 6 of 59

June 2009

All work performed by Janus Research will conform to professional guidelines set forth in the Secretary of Interior'sStandards and Guidelines]br Archaeology and Historic Preservation(48 FR 44716). Key personnel involved in this project include individuals who meet the minimum criteria for historians, archaeologists, architectural historians, and other professionals as set forth in "Archaeology and Historic Preservation: Secretary of the Interior's Standards and Guidelines", published in the Federal Register, 1983, Vol. 48, No. 190, pages 44738-44739 and Chapter IA-46.004, Florida Statues, "Criteria for Qualifications for Archeologists."

Project Location

East Preferred Corridor, West Preferred/ Secondary Corridors, and Levee Substation Expansion The East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors are located in Miami-Dade County and originate at Units 6 & 7. The East Preferred Corridor extends north along the coast and passes through the jurisdictions of Miami-Dade County, the villages of Palmetto Bay and Pinecrest, and the cities of Coral Gables, South Miami, and Miami. The West Preferred/Secondary Corridors pass through the jurisdictions of Miami-Dade County and the cities of Florida City, Doral, and Medley.

The East Preferred Corridor is located on the following United States Geological Survey (USGS) Quadrangle maps: Miami (1988 PR 1990), Key Biscayne (1988), South Miami (1988), South Miami NW (1955 PR 1969), Perrine (1988), Goulds (1988), and Arsenicker Keys (1988). The West Preferred/Secondary Corridors is located on the following USGS Quadrangle maps: Pennsuco (1988), Hialeah (1994), Hialeah SW (1988), Coopertown (1973), South Miami NW (1955 PR 1969), South of Coopertown (1972 PR 1969), Grossman Hammock (1956 PR 1973), Arsenicker Keys (1988), Homestead (1988), and Royal Palm Ranger Station (1956 PR 1973). The Township, Range, and Sections for the associated linear facilities are located are listed in Table 1.

The height of the poles associated with the East Preferred Corridor will range from 80 to 105 feet. From the power plant to the Davis substation, the proposed 230-kV transmission line will be added to an existing right-of-way that has several other existing transmission lines. From the Davis substation to the Miami substation, the proposed 230-kV line will be located in an existing FPL right-of-way with existing transmission lines from Davis substation to U.S. Highway 1. From U.S. Highway 1 to the Miami substation, the line is proposed to be located within existing developed transportation rights-of-way with existing distribution and transmission lines, roads, metrorail and a busway.

Two 500-kV transmission lines and a 230-kV transmission line are proposed for the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. For the two 500-kV lines, structures will be 135-150 feet tall. These will be begin at the Clear Sky Substation and terminate at the Levee substation. They will be located in either FPL-owned right-of-way (which is partially developed with transmission lines) or in the land to be exchanged with ENP (at the eastern edge of the Park). The western 230-kV transmission line will be co-located with the 500-kV transmission lines, but will bypass the Levee substation and continue to the Pennsuco substation. From Levee to Pennsuco, the new transmission line will be located within existing FPL right-of-way that currently contains Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 7 of 59 June 2009

multiple transmission lines. The poles will be 80-105 feet tall. Additionally, there will be two access corridors associated with the Western Corridors.

*Theexisting Levee substation is located northwest of the intersection of NW 4 1st Street and NW 147 hAvenue in unincorporated Miami-Dade County. The existing substation property encompasses approximately 65 acres. The property currently includes the fenced area of substation equipment, stormwater retention areas, wetland mitigation areas, compacted access/patrol roads, and undeveloped areas. The proposed expansion of the fenced area of the substation is approximately 2.3 acres and is located within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors.

T54S / R40E / S 25, 34-36 T54S / R41E / S 2-6, 15-17, 19-21, 30, 38-40 T55S / R39E / S 13, 14, 23, 24, 26, 27, 34 East Preferred Corridor 1 T55S/R40E/S 2, 3, 10, 15-18, 21, 22 T56S / R39E / S 3, 10, 11, 14, 23, 25, 26 T56S / R40E / S 29, 30, 32 T57S / R40E / S 4, 5, 8, 9, 17, 20, 21, 28, 33 T52S / R38E / S 25, 36 T52S / R39E / S 30, 31 T52S / R40E / S 31 T53S / R38E / S 1, 12, 23, 24-26, 35, 36 T53S / R39E / S 18-24 T53S / R40E / S 5-8, 17, 19, 20 West Preferred/Secondary Corridors 1 T54S / R38E / S 1, 2, 11-14, 23, 26 T55S/R38E/S 1, 2, 11, 12, 14 T56S / R38E /S 3, 10, 15, 22, 27, 34 T57S / R38E /S 3, 10, 15, 22, 27, 34-36 T57S / R39E / S 25-31 T57S / R40E / S 28-33 28, 29, 32 Reclaimed Water Delivery Pipelines T56S / R40E / S 21, T57S / R40E / S 5, 8, 17, 20, 28, 29, 33 S 23-27 Access Roads and Bridges T57S / R39E / T57S / R40E / S 28-30, 33 T57S/R39E/S 2, 3, 10, 11, 13-15, 22-25 Potable Water Pipelines T57S / R40E / S 18, 19, 28-30, 33

1 Please note that portions of the East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors fall within areas that were not incorporated into the Township, Range, and Section system

Reclaimed Water Delivery Pipelines The reclaimed water delivery pipelines from the Miami-Dade County wastewater treatment system will originate from the Miami-Dade South District Waste Water Treatment Plant and end Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 8 of 59

June 2009

at the FPL reclaimed water treatment facility, which will be located on the Turkey Point plant property. The reclaimed water delivery pipelines are co-located with existing linear facilities (i.e. roads, canals, transmission line, etc.). From the FPL reclaimed water treatment facility, pipelines will be installed to carry treated reclaimed water to the Site. The reclaimed water delivery pipelines are approximately 9 miles in length and are currently anticipated to consist of a 72-inch diameter pipeline or equivalent pipeline. The reclaimed water delivery pipelines will be installed below ground level for their entire length with subaqueous installation for canal crossings. The treated water will be conveyed from the FPL reclaimed water treatment facility to Units 6 & 7 by similar pipelines. The reclaimed water delivery pipelines are located on the Perrine (1988) and Arsenicker Keys (1988) USGS Quadrangle. maps. Township, Range, and Section information is included in Table 1.

Access Roads and Bridges Roadway improvements will involve upgrades to existing paved roads and paving of existing unpaved roads. The access roads and bridges are located on the Arsenicker Keys (1988) and Homestead (1988) USGS Quadrangle maps. Township, Range, and Section information is included in Table 1.

The improvements to existing paved roadways consist of widening the following roadways fromr two lanes to four lanes:

* SW 328th Street/North Canal Drive from SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road to SW 117th 48 Avenue; " SW 344th Street/Palm Drive from SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road West to SW 137th 50 Avenue/Tallahassee Road East; * SW 117th Avenue from SW 328th Street/North Canal Drive to SW 344th Street/Palmn Drive 52.

The improvements to existing unpaved roadways consist of the following:

* SW 359th Street will be improved to three lanes from SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road to 55 SW 117th Avenue; and to four lanes from SW 117th Avenue to the Site. This segment will require a bridge over the L-31E Canal; * SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road will be improved to three lanes from SW 344th 59 Street/Palm Drive south to SW 359th Street; * SW 117th Avenue will be improved to four lanes from SW 344th Street/Palm Drive south to 61 SW 359th Street.

Four existing intersection improvements and two new intersections are also required to accommodate the traffic. Each intersection will require signalization or traffic control personnel to accommodate construction traffic. The traffic control personnel are required, depending upon the peak traffic periods and flow (i.e., morning or evening). The four existing intersections requiring improvements include: Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 9 of 59

June 2009

* SW 328th Street/North Canal Drive and SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road; * SW 328th Street/North Canal Drive and SW 117th Avenue; a SW 344th Street/Palm Drive and SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road (West); and * SW 344th Street/Palm Drive and SW 117th Avenue.

The two new intersections to be improved are located at:

* SW 344th Street/Palm Drive and SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road (East), and * SW 359th Street and SW 117th Avenue. The improved SW 359th Street will continue to serve as the access road for the existing transmission lines within the transmission corridor between SW 137th Avenue/Tallahassee Road and the existing plant.

Potable Water Pipelines The potable water pipeline corridor will be approximately 10 miles in length, starting at SW 13 7 thiAvenue and SW 2 88 th Street and ending at the proposed water storage tank for Units 6 & 7. The potable water pipeline corridor is co-located with other existing or proposed linear features, other linear facility corridors proposed for this project, and the Site.

Project Description

The Turkey Point Plant is an existing generating facility originally constructed in the mid to late 1960s, with the commercial in-service for Units I and 2 in 1967 and 1968, respectively. Unit 3 and Unit 4 were constructed in the early 1970s with commercial in-service in 1972 and 1973, respectively. A 5,900-acre industrial wastewater facility was constructed within the Turkey Point Plant Property in the 1970s to support the operation of Turkey Point Units I through 4. Turkey Point Unit 5 is a natural gas fired combined cycle unit, which began commercial operation in 2007.

FPL is seeking to construct and operate two approximately 1,100-MW nuclear units on the existing 11,000-acre Turkey Point Plant Property located in unincorporated Miami-Dade County, Florida. The Project will include the construction of the two approximately 1,100-MW nuclear units, six circulating water cooling towers, cooling water makeup reservoir, Clear Sky Substation, and other associated facilities. Turkey Point Unit 6 is expected to be in commercial operation in 2018, with Unit 7 expected to be in commercial operation in 2020.

The associated linear facilities included in this work plan are in support of the Project.

Area of Potential Effects (APE)

The Area of Potential Effects (APE) is defined as "the geographic area(s) within which the proposed undertaking may directly or indirectly cause changes in the character or use of historic properties listed or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places." The APE is influenced by the scale and nature of an undertaking, and as such, depends on the proposed action under consideration. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 10 of 59

June 2009

The APE is determined by evaluating the improvements that will be implemented as part of the Project and will be established in consultation with the Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources and State Historic Preservation Office (DHR/SHPO).

The APE for direct effects will be confined to the construction work areas used for development of the East Preferred Corridor, West Preferred/Secondary Corridors, reclaimed water delivery pipelines, access roads and bridges, and the potable water pipelines. Based on these factors, a direct effects APE of 100 feet from the associated linear facilities is recommended. An indirect APE for potential visual effects is defined as the area within which the improvements could be observed. For this project, an indirect APE is not applicable to the pipelines or the access roads and bridges as the improvements will be located at or below the ground surface. The indirect APE will consider the character of the surrounding built and natural environments, whether the transmission lines are co-located within an existing transmission or transportation corridor as well as the height of the proposed versus existing facilities. It is anticipated that the indirect APE will vary, based on these factors. Therefore, a visual survey will be conducted to establish and define an indirect APE, which will be coordinated with DHR!SHPO. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 11 of 59

June 2009

PRECONTACT OVERVIEW

The following discussion of the precontact time period of the general area of the associated linear facilities is included in order to provide a framework within which the local archaeological record can be understood. This cultural history provides a chronology, or broad sequence, of precontact cultures defined largely in geographical terms, but also reflecting shared environmental and cultural factors.

Paleoindian Period (12,000-7500 BC)

The prevailing view of Paleoindian culture is that of a nomadic hunting and gathering existence, in which now-extinct Pleistocene megafauna were exploited. Settlement patterns were restricted by availability of fresh water and access to high-quality stone from which the specialized Paleoindian tool assemblages were made. Most sites of this time period are found near karst sinkholes or spring caverns. The majority of Paleoindian sites in Florida'consist of surface finds. The most widely recognized Paleoindian tool in Florida is the Suwannee point, typically found along the springs and rivers of northern Florida. Other points, including Simpson and Clovis points, are found in lesser numbers. Some of these, and other Paleoindian lanceolate points, were hafted by attaching them to an ivory shaft that was, in turn, attached to a wooden spear shaft (Milanich 1994:48-49).Other tools include Bifacial and "hump-backed" unifacial scrapers, blade tools, and retouched flakes.

Archaic Period (7500-500 BC)

The Archaic period is generally believed to have begun in Florida around 7500 BC (Milanich 1994:63). This period is further divided into three sequential periods: the Early Archaic (7500- 5000 BC), the Middle Archaic (5000-3000 BC), and the Late Archaic (3000-500 BC). The Late Archaic is subdivided into the Preceramic Late Archaic (3000-2000 BC) and the Orange Period (2000-500 BC).

Early Archaic (7500-5000 BC) Early Archaic peoples might be viewed as a population changing from the nomadic Paleoindian subsistence pattern to the more sedentary coastal- and riverine-associated subsistence strategies of the Middle Archaic period. Sites with Early Archaic components are typically located near natural springs and the extensive perched water sources of northern Florida. Early Archaic points are found in smaller numbers at upland sites in northern Florida where there is a lack of Paleoindian materials (Neill 1964). The Windover Pond site near Titusville in Brevard County represents an Early Archaic wetland site consisting of a precontact cemetery consisting of over 160 burials in the natural peat deposits of what was, during the Early Archaic, a woody marsh (Stone et al. 1990:177).

Middle Archaic Period (5000-3000 BC) The Middle Archaic period is characterized by increasing population and a gradual shift toward shellfish, fish, and other food resources from freshwater and coastal wetlands as a significant part of their subsistence strategy (Watts and Hansen 1988:310; Milanich 1994:75-84). Middle Archaic sites are found in a variety of locations, including, the freshwater shell middens along Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 12 of 59 June 2009

the St. Johns River and the Atlantic Lagoon, and throughout the forests of the interior of northern Florida (Milanich 1994:76). Three common types of Middle Archaic sites are known: small, special-use camps, large base camps, and quarries.

The small, special-use camps appear archaeologically as scatters of lithic waste flakes and tools such as scrapers, points, and knives. These sites are numerous in river basins and along wetlands and probably represent sites of tool repair and food processing during hunting and gathering excursions (Milanich 1994:78). The large base camp may cover several acres or more, and contains several thousand or more lithic waste flakes and tools. Quarry-related sites occur in proximity to chert outcrops, which tend to be along rivers, lakes or wetlands or around lakes and wetlands as erosion cuts through the soil to the underlying limestone bed.

The Middle Archaic artifact assemblage is characterized by several varieties of stemmed, broad- blade projectile points. The Newnan point is the most distinctive and widespread in distribution (Bullen 1975:3 1). Other stemmed points of this period include the less common Alachua, Levy, Marion, and Putnam points (Bullen 1968; Milanich 1994). Other common artifacts include cores, blades, modified and unmodified flakes, ovate blanks, hammerstones, "hump-backed" unifacial scrapers, and sandstone "honing" stones, and thermally altered tools.

Late Archaic Period (3,000-500 BC) After 3000 BC, there was a general shift in settlement and subsistence patterns emphasizing a greater use of wetland and marine food resources than in previous periods. This shift was related to the natural development of food-rich wetland habitats in river valleys and along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts (Bense 1994). By the Late Archaic period, a regionalization of precontact cultures began to occur as human populations became adapted to specific environmental zones. Extensive Late Archaic middens are found along the northeastern coast inland waterway from Flagler County north and in the braided river-marsh system of the central St. Johns River, especially south of Lake George.

Orange Period By about 2000 BC, pottery appears in the archaeological record. The earliest ceramics in Florida were tempered with plant fibers such as palmetto fiber or Spanish moss. The first use of pottery is well dated to the period from circa 2000 BC to 1000 BC. Although at first undecorated, various techniques were used to apply surface decoration, starting sometime around 1650 BC, providing an important tool for differentiating sites dating to the second half of the Late Archaic, known as the Orange Period (2000-500 BC) (Milanich 1994:86, 94). Table 2 illustrates the long- accepted Orange Period ceramic chronology.

Riverine middens in the East and Central cultural region have produced artifacts that illustrate aspects of Late Archaic subsistence technology, such as the throwing stick, use of which is indicated by the presence of steatite throwing-stick weights and stemmed projectile points. Russo (1992:198) suggests that, along the coast, fine-mesh nets were also used to catch fish from the estuarine tidal creeks. Also common in these midden sites were picks and hammers made of shell, pins, points, and other tools made of bone (Milanich 1994:92-93). Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 13of 59

June 2009

Table 2. Orange Period Ceramic Chronology

Orange 5 1000-500 BC Orange 4 1250-1000 BC Orange 3 1450-1250 BC Orange 2 1650-1450 BC Orange 1 2000"-1650 BC Source: Milanich (1994) based on Bullen (1955, 1972) or slightly earlier.

Formative Period (500 BC-AD 1513)

The Formative Period represents a time when changes in pottery and technology occurred throughout Florida. The specific changes in pottery traditionally used by archaeologists to mark the beginning of this period include the replacement of fiber-tempered pottery with sand- tempered, limestone-tempered, and chalky-paste ceramics. Three different projectile point styles (basally-notched, comer-notched, and stemmed) also occur in some areas in contexts contemporaneous with these new ceramic types. This profusion of ceramic and tool traditions suggests population movement and social interaction between culture areas. The earliest known major occupations of southern Florida date to this period (Bullen et al. 1968; Sears 1982).

The regional diversity that marked this period has been primarily attributed to local adaptation to varied ecological conditions within the state. Traditionally, this diversity has been described archaeologically in terms of cultural periods based on variations in ceramic types. The ceramic tradition for southern Florida, characterized by sand-tempered bowls with incurvate rims, is known as the Glades or Everglades cultural tradition.

Glades Culture The associated linear facilities are located in the Glades cultural region (Milanich 1994:301). As defined by Milanich (1994:298), the Glades cultural region includes all of south Florida east and south of the Caloosahatchee and Okeechobee regions. It includes most of St. Lucie County, the Everglades itself, a largely sawgrass marsh in Hendry, Palm Beach, Broward, Dade, and Monroe counties; the Big Cypress Swamp west of the Everglades in Collier County; and extensive saltwater marshes and mangrove forests are found along both coasts.

John Goggin established a ceramic sequence for the Glades region on the basis of work he conducted from the 1930s to early 1950s (Goggin n.d.). Subsequent research has only served to refine his basic chronological framework. The most recent revision was presented by John Griffin (1988). In presenting his revisions, Griffin makes a point to emphasize that the Glades sequence represents a chronology of stylistic and technological changes in ceramics to which other cultural traits have been added.

Table 3 is based on Griffin's 1988 work and presents the chronological framework for southern Florida. Summaries of the ceramic markers associated with each period are provided, as well. It Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment I Enclosure 4 Page 14 of 59

June 2009

is important to note that the information provided in this table is most applicable to the heartland of the Glades archaeological area: the Big Cypress Swamp, Everglades, and coastal portions of southern Florida to the south of Lake Okeechobee.

Table 3. Glades Cultural Sequence 67..at" " ' ."Eistinguishmg9,•Ch.aracteristics:;,' •i:•

Glades I early 500 BC-AD 500 First appearance of sand-tempered pottery; no decoration Glades I late AD 500-750 First appearance of decorated pottery: Fort Drum Incised, Fort Drum Punctated, Cane Patch Incised, Gordon's Pass Incised, Opa Locka Incised, Sanibel Incised; sand-tempered plain persists Glades Ila AD 750-900 Appearance of Key Largo Incised and Miami Incised; sand-tempered plain and Opa Locka Incised persist; none of the earlier decorated types are present Glades lib AD 900-1100 Sand-tempered plain and Key Largo Incised persist; Matecumbe Incised appears; none of the earlier decorated types are present; certain rim modifications (incised lip arcs and lip crimping and grooving) also appear for the first time Glades lIc AD 1100-1200 Almost no decorated ceramics; some grooved lips but no more lip arcs or crimped rims; Plantation Pinched appears Glades Ilia AD 1200-1400 Plantation Pinched is no longer present; Sand-tempered plain and grooved lips persist; appearance of Surfside Incised and St. Johns Check Stamped Glades IlIb AD 1400-1513 Glades Tooled, sand-tempered plain and St. Johns Check Stamped are present, Surfside Incised and grooved lips are not present Glades IlIc AD 1513-ca.1700 Same as previous period with the addition of historic artifacts Source: Griffin 1988: 124-142

Glades period sites include those at Gordon's Pass (Goggin 1939), Goodland Point (Goggin 1950), Marco Island (Van Beck and Van Beck 1965), Useppa Island (Milanich et al. 1984), Horr's Island (McMichael 1982), Sanibel Island (Fradkin 1976), and the Turner River site (Sears 1956). An interesting feature of these large coastal sites is the progressive movement of habitation areas.toward the water (e.g. Cushing 1896; Goggin 1950; Sears 1956), and indications are that dwellings may have been built to extend out over the water. Inland sites consist of shell and dirt middens along major watercourses (e.g., Laxson 1966) and small dirt middens containing animal bone and ceramic sherds in oak/palm hammocks or palm islands associated with freshwater marshes. The coastal Glades subsistence pattern is typified by the exploitation of fish and shellfish, wild plant food, and inland game, while Glades sites in the Big Cypress Swamp show a greater, if not exclusive, reliance on interior resources. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 15 of 59

June 2009

HISTORIC OVERVIEW

The purpose of this overview is to help determine the probable types and locations of prehistoric and historic archaeological sites and other historic resources that may be located within the associated linear facilities.

European Contact and Colonial Period (ca. 1513-1821)

Official credit for the "discovery" of Florida by Europeans is credited to Juan Ponce de Le6n, whose voyage of 1513 took him along the East Coast of the peninsula (Tebeau 1971:21). Other Spanish explorers followed Juan Ponce de Le6n's lead, and over the next 50 years the Spanish government and private individuals financed expeditions in hopes of establishing a colony in Florida. Jesuit missions were established in the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast and Glades archaeological regions, including the mission of Carlos at Charlotte Harbor, the mission of Tocobaga at Tampa Bay, and a mission at a Tequesta village at the mouth of the Miami River. By 1572, native groups in Florida were still resistant to Christian conversion, and Jesuit authorities decided to abandon their missionary efforts in Florida.

The Franciscan mission effort began in the 1570s and focused predominantly in northern areas of Florida. One possible reason may have been differences in Native American settlement patterns and economies. According to Milanich (1978:68), the failure of the Spanish missions among the south Florida native population was due partially to the groups' subsistence pattern, which required seasonal movement for maximum resource exploitation. Consequently, for the remainder of the First Spanish Period (1565-1763), the area surrounding the associated linear facilities was virtually ignored as the Spanish concentrated their efforts in the northern half of the peninsula.

By the beginning of the eighteenth century, the Native American population of South Florida had declined considerably as a result of disease, slave raids and intertribal warfare. Many who survived integrated into the Seminoles, descendants of Creek Indians who moved into Florida during the early eighteenth century to escape the political and population pressures of the expanding American colonies to the north (Wright 1986:218).

By the end of the eighteenth century, the Seminoles had become the dominant Native American group in the state. Groups of fugitive African American slaves had also settled among the Seminoles by the early nineteenth century (Brown 1991:5-19). Armed conflict with pioneers, homesteaders, and eventually the United States Army resulted in the removal of most Seminoles from Florida. This action forced the withdrawal of the remaining Seminole population to the harsh environment of the Everglades and Big Cypress Swamp by the late nineteenth century.

The Territorial and Statehood Period (1821-1860)

In 1821, after several years of negotiations with Spain, the United States acquired Florida as a territory. The population of the territory at that time was still centered in the northern areas around Pensacola, St. Augustine, and Tallahassee. As more European-American settlers moved into the region, conflicts arose with the Seminole people over available land. Pressure was Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 16 of 59

June 2009

brought to bear upon the government to remove the Seminoles from North Florida and relocate them farther south. The Treaty of Moultrie Creek (1823) restricted the Seminole people to approximately four million acres of land in the middle of the state, running south from Micanopy to just north of the Peace River (Mahon 1967: Rear foldout map). This treaty was unpopular with the Seminoles, as they were reluctant to move from their established homes to an area that they felt could not be cultivated. Equally unpopular were the later treaties of Paynes Landing (1832) and Fort Gibson (1833), which called for Seminole emigration to the western territories (Mahon 1967:75-76, 82-83). These three treaties helped foster Seminole resentment of settlers and outbreaks of hostility that culminated in the Second Seminole War in 1835.

At the beginning of the Second Seminole War, the conflict was centered near the Withlacoochee region. In 1838, U.S. troops moved south to pursue the retreating Seminoles into the Lake Okeechobee and Everglades regions. Colonel Zachary Taylor was sent to the area between the Kissimmee River and Peace Creek. Colonel Persifor Smith and his volunteers were dispatched to the Caloosahatchee River, and U.S. Navy Lt. Levi N. Powell was assigned the task of penetrating the Everglades (Mahon 1967:219-220). Powell's detachment had several skirmishes with Seminole people near Jupiter Inlet. Powell established a depot on the Miami River and erected Fort Dallas in the approximate location of present-day downtown Miami. For three months, Fort Dallas was a base of operations as Powell led his men into the Everglades in search of the Seminoles (Gaby 1993:47).

The Second Seminole War had a deleterious effect on new settlement in Florida. To encourage settlement in the middle portion of the territory after the war, the Armed Occupation Act of 1842 offered settlers 160 acres of land at no cost, provided they built a house, cleared five acres, planted crops, and resided on the land for five years. Any head of a family or single man over 18 years of age and able to bear arms was eligible to receive a homestead. This act, plus the end of the Second Seminole War, created a small wave of immigration by Anglo-American pioneers to Central Florida. Most of these immigrants were Anglo-American farmers and cattle ranchers, or "crackers" from the southeast United States.

Civil War and Post-Civil War Period (1860-1898)

The onset of the Civil War disrupted serious development in Florida. Most of the State did not have daily contact with battles; however, Florida contributed 15,000 troops and supplies to the Confederate Army (Miller 1990). Florida cattlemen became an important supplier of beef to the Confederate Army after the occupation of Vicksburg on July 4, 1863. Florida's governor, John Milton, organized a commissary service under James McKay and supervised collections from south Florida ranges (Gannon 1996: 241). In addition, the State supplied salt for tanning and meat preservation from coastline salt works. Although Florida was not involved in many Civil War battles, Union forces established control of the Florida coastline in 1863 (Miller 1990).

Like the other former Confederate states, Florida suffered economic devastation at the Civil War's end. Six railroad lines in north Florida at the war's beginning were destroyed or fell into disrepair during the war. Florida's cotton industry had grown in the decade before the war; however as a result of limited markets, short supply of men, and blocked ports, the industry declined. At this time, much of the state's agricultural production came to a halt (Miller 1990). Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 17 of 59

June 2009

Settlement increased slightly in central and southern Florida, but development was limited by a lack of transportation to the state's interior and the state's internal debt. Although the economy was in ruins, tax-supported public school and university systems were established. Some industries including lumbering and cattle ranching emerged during this period. Despite some economic activity, the overall condition was hard for most residents (Miller 1990).

The presidential election of 1876 marked the end of Reconstruction. The Post-Reconstruction era ushered in economic growth, prosperity, and population expansion for Florida. Transportation routes, primarily through the railroad's expansion along both coasts, encouraged the state's overall development. Agricultural products were now more easily shipped to out-of-state markets and building materials were shipped into the state. By 1890, agricultural products included lumber, cigars, turpentine, fertilizers, printing, shipbuilding, cattle ranching, and citrus production. Several cities and six new counties were established during the Post-Reconstruction period (Miller 1990).

In the 1880s, interest in south Florida's resources intensified and was promoted by businessmen Hamilton Disston, Henry Plant, and Henry Flagler. By 1881, the State of Florida faced a financial crisis involving title to the public lands. On the eve of the Civil War, land had been pledged by the Internal Improvement Fund to underwrite railroad bonds. After the war, when the railroads failed, the land reverted to the State. Almost one million dollars were needed by the state to pay off the principal and accumulated interest on the debt, thereby giving clear title. Outside businessmen saw Florida's potential and began purchasing the land for large projects. Hamilton Disston, son of a wealthy Philadelphia industrialist, contracted with the State of Florida in two large land deals: the Disston Drainage Contract and the Disston Land Purchase. The Drainage Contract was an agreement between Disston and the State in which Disston and his associates agreed to drain and reclaim all overflow lands south of present day Orlando and east of the Peace River in exchange for one-half the acreage that could be reclaimed and made fit for cultivation. A contract was signed on March 10, 1881. Disston and his associates formed a company called the Atlantic and Gulf Coast Canal and Okeechobee Land Company on July 20, 1881 (Davis 1938:205).

During 1881 and 1882, channels were dug between the lake systems to the north and the Kissimmee River (Tebeau 1971:288). The Atlantic and Gulf Coast Canal and Okeechobee Land Company were responsible for opening up Lake Okeechobee to the Gulf of Mexico by dredging a channel to the Caloosahatchee River. Disston and his associates received 1,652,711 acres of land under the Drainage Contract, although they probably never permanently drained more than 50,000 acres (Tebeau 1971:280). Drainage operations began and the Florida Land and Improvement Company and Kissimmee Land Company were formed to help fulfill the drainage contract (Hetherington 1980:6).

Disston changed Florida from a wilderness into an area ripe for investment. This enabled Henry Plant and Henry Flagler to expand their railroad lines south (Mann 1983:68; Hamer 1973:18-23). Plant built and operated the Jacksonville, Tampa & Key West Railway on the west coast and Flagler built and operated the Florida East Coast Railroad on the east coast. Through the efforts of these men, areas south of Pensacola and Jacksonville were opened to development. All the development encouraged the beginning of Florida's tourist industry. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 18 of 59

June 2009

Spanish-American War Period/Turn-of-the-Century Period (1898-1917)

At the turn-of-the-century, Florida's history was marked by the outbreak of the Spanish- American War in 1898. As Florida was the closest state to Cuba, American troops were stationed and deployed from the state's coastal cities. Harbors in Tampa, Pensacola, and Key West were improved as ships were launched with troops and supplies. "The Splendid Little War" was short in duration, but evidence of the conflict remained in the form of improved harbors, expanded railroads, and military installations (Miller 1990).

In 1904, Governor Napoleon Bonaparte Broward initiated significant reforms in Florida politics. Several of Broward's major issues included the Everglades drainage project, railroad regulation, and the construction of roads. During this time, railroads were constructed throughout the state and automobile use became more prevalent. Improved transportation in the state opened lines to export Florida's agricultural and industrial products. As various products such as fruits and vegetables were leaving the state, people were arriving in Florida. Some entered as new residents and others as tourists. Between 1900 and 1910, the state population increased from 528,542 residents to 752,619. At this time, St. Lucie and Palm Beach counties were established, indicative of the increasing numbers of people moving to the East Coast of the state (Miller 1990).

Rapid and widespread growth was the theme of this period in Florida history. Thousands of miles of railroad tracks were laid at this time. The Florida East Coast, Atlantic Coast Line, and Seaboard Air Line railroads each had systems running throughout the state. While agriculture, especially the citrus industry, was the main source of Florida's economy, manufacturing and industry grew during the beginning of the century. Fertilizer production, boat building, and lumber and timber products were large industries (Weaver et al. 1996:3).

World War I and Aftermath Period (1917-1920)

The World War I and Aftermath period of Florida's history starts with the United States' entry into World War I in 1917. Wartime activity required that several training facilities were set up in the state and protecting the coastlines was a priority at this time. Although the conflict only lasted until November of 1918, the economy was boosted by the war. Shipbuilding was accelerated. The war brought industrialization to Tampa and other port cities such as Jacksonville, where war ships were built. These cities also functioned as supply depots and embarkation points. As agricultural production increased, products such as beef, vegetables, and cotton were in great demand (Miller 1990). Immigration and housing development slowed during the war; however, tourism increased as the war in Europe forced Americans to vacation in the United States. At the conclusion of the war, railroad construction resumed. Railroad tycoons such as Henry Flagler and Henry Plant were not only building railroad facilities, but also erecting hotels for winter visitors. These magnates took an interest in the promotion and improvements in Florida in an effort to bring more people into the state. The end of the war marked a slight increase in population, and Flagler and Okeechobee counties were created at this time. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 19 of 59

Ane 2009

Florida Boom Period (1920-1930)

After^World War 1, Florida experienced unprecedented growth. Many people had relocated to Florida durinor the war to work in wartime industries or had been stationed in the state as soldiers. Bank deposits increased, real estate companies opened in many cities, and state and county road systems expanded quickly. Earlier land reclamation projects had created thousands of new acres of land to be developed. Real estate activity increased steadily after the war's end and drove up property values. Prices on lots were inflated to appear more enticing to out-of-state buyers. Every city and town in Florida had new subdivisions platted and lots were selling and reselling for quick profits. Southeast Florida, including cities such as Miami and Palm Beach, experienced the most activity, although the boom affected most communities in central and south Florida (Weaver et al. 1996:3).

Building roads became a statewide concern as road building shifted from a local to a state function. These roads made all parts of the state accessible and allowed the boom to spread. Apparently, up to twenty thousand people were arriving in the state on a daily basis. Besides the cheap property, Florida legislation that prohibited incorne and inheritance taxes also encouraged more people to move to the state.

The Boom period began to decline in August 1925, when the Florida East Coast Railway placed an embargo on freight shipments to south Florida. Ports and rail terminals were overflowing with unused building materials. In addition, northern newspapers began to suggest fraudulent land deals were occurring in Florida. In 1926 and 1928, two hurricanes hit southeast Florida killing people and destroying thousands of buildings. The collapse of the real estate market and the subsequent hurricane damage effectively ended the boom. Further darnaging Florida's econorny was a Mediterranean fruit fly infestation in 1929 that devastated citrus groves throughout the state (Weaver et al. 1996:4).

By the time the stock market collapsed in 1929, Florida was already suffering from an economic depression. Construction activity had halted and industry dramatically declined. Subdivisions platted several years earlier remained empty and buildings stood on lots partially finished and vacant.

Depression and New Deal Period (1930-1940)

This era of Florida's history dates from the stock market crash of 1929. As previously discussed, there were several causes for the economic depression in Florida including the grossly inflated real estate market, the hurricanes, and fruit fly infestation. During the Great Depression, Florida suffered significantly. Between 1929 and 1933, 148 state and national banks collapsed, more than half of the state's teachers were owed back-pay, and one in four residents was receiving public relief (Miller 1990).

As a result of hard economic times, President Franklin D. Roosevelt initiated several national relief programs. Important New Deal-era programs in Florida were the Works Progress Administration (VvPA) and the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The WPA provided jobs for professional workers and laborers. Their work included the construction or improvement of Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 20 of 59

June 2009

many roads, public buildings, parks and airports in Florida. The CCC improved and preserved forests, parks, and agricultural lands (Miller 1990).

Most areas of the state's economy were affected by the Depression. Beef and citrus production declined, manufacturing slowed, and development projects were stopped. Even the railroad industry felt the pressures of the 1930s; service was greatly reduced and personnel were let go. Also, the increasing use of the automobile lessened the demand for travel by rail. Despite the Depression, tourism remained an integral part of the Florida economy during this period. New highways made automobile travel to Florida easy and affordable and more middle-class families were able to vacation in the "Sunshine State."

World War II and the Post War Period (1940-1950)

From the end of the Great Depression until after the close of the post-war era, Florida's history was inextricably bound with World War I1 and its aftermath. It became one of the nation's major training grounds for the various military branches including the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Up until that time, tourism had been the state's major industry and it was brought to a halt as tourist and civilian facilities such as hotels and private homes were placed into wartime service. The influx of thousands of servicemen and their families increased industrial and agricultural production in Florida, and also introduced these new residents to the warm weather and tropical beauty of Florida.

Railroads once again profited, since servicemen, military goods and materials needed to be transported. However, airplanes were now becoming the new form of transportation, and Florida became a major airline destination. The highway system was also being expanded at this time. The State Road Department constructed 1,560 miles of highway during the war era (Miller 1990).

At the conclusion of World War 1I, Florida's economy was almost fully recovered. Tourism quickly rebounded and became the major source of the state's economy. Additionally, former military personnel found the local climate amenable and remained in Florida permanently after the war. These new residents greatly increased the population during the late 1940s and 1950s. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 21 of 59 June 2009

ENVIRONMENTAL OVERVIEW

Environmental and ecological factors through time are used to reconstruct past conditions that influenced early human occupation and to assist with the development of archaeological probability zones and an appropriate testing strategy.

Paleo-Environment

Although a comprehensive paleoenvironmental reconstruction is beyond the scope of this report, a brief description of the large-scale climatic and hydrologic conditions that have occurred since 31,050 BC is provided. The discussion below provides a general indication of the ecological context within which pre-Columbian people lived at different times.

Since the termination of the Pleistocene Epoch at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation, approximately 11,550 BC, Florida has undergone significant climatic and environmental change. Notable changes in climate and subsequently in flora and fauna required human groups to adapt to their surroundings. These adaptations resulted in cultural changes in their hunting/foraging strategies and seasonal migration patterns. Within the archaeological record, these changes can be observed by differences in settlement patterns, midden composition, refuse disposal patterns, and the kinds of stone tools or pottery made.

Although Florida was not glaciated, the glacial conditions associated with the Laurentide ice sheet affected the paleoclimates of Florida. Paleobotanical evidence suggests that between 31,050 and 11,550 BC, Florida was dry, windy, and cool (Whitehead 1973). By the early Holocene, roughly 11,550 BC, the climate in west-central Florida had warmed and it is likely that precipitation increased; as a result, the shallow, perched lake levels rose. After 3050 BC, the environment in central Florida began to take on a more modern appearance. Large stands of slash pine (Pinus elliottii) became established, probably at the expense of oak in the wetter, low-lying areas. Rainfall increased and sea level rose, creating wetter conditions.

The earliest inhabitants of Florida accessed a permanent water supply from a number of solution lakes and ponds and a seasonal water supply from perched water ponds. Shallow water ponds and rivers fed by the Floridan Aquifer were dry during this period due to insufficient rainfall and the depressed level of the Aquifer. Settlement appears to have been limited to areas around sinkholes that penetrated the Floridan Miocene age limestones (Clausen et al. 1975, 1979) or areas within the Central Gulf Coast Karst Region where both solution lakes and perched water were available (Dunbar and Waller 1983).

By 8050 BC, the previously dry perched water systems began to retain water for longer periods of time as precipitation increased. By 6550 BC, the water levels in the perched water systems approached modem levels; however, the level of the Floridan Aquifer remained depressed due to lowered sea levels. By 4050 BC, the Floridan Aquifer reached modern levels. This resulted in fresh water discharge from springs, and spring-fed rivers. Arid conditions caused many of the perched water ponds to dry; thereby, restricting potable water to the deeper springs, rivers, and sinkholes (Dunbar 1982:98). Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 22 of 59

June 2009

Between 550 BC and AD 1700, the level of the Floridan Aquifer rose. This rise, in combination with higher than present rainfall conditions, probably resulted in seasonal flooding of low-lying regions (Dunbar 1982:102). Potable water was abundant during this period. It is likely that pre- Columbian site location at this time was more dependent on the proximity of plant and animal resources than on the availability of water.

The Holocene Climatic Optimum, a time of warmer and drier environmental conditions, occurred during the Middle Archaic period (5000 to 3000 BC). Pine species replaced oak as the dominant forest element (Watts 1975). This implies that the availability of acorns and the animals that fed on those acorns would have been more restricted. Water was more plentiful, but only in rivers and springs fed by the Floridan Aquifer or at sinkholes.

By Late Archaic times, the environment of the region approached present conditions. With the development of the Everglades, Lake Okeechobee, Lake Kissimmee, swamps, wetlands, and other drainages, water was no longer the limiting factor to site and resource location. The choice of site location was probably more a matter of finding a reasonably dry spot rather than a nearby water supply (AImy 1976, 1978; Grange et al. 1979). Sea levels were still fluctuating, but were within one meter of current levels (M5rner 1969; Widmer 1983).

The climatic fluctuations that have occurred over the past 13,000 years have affected the way human groups were able to use the resources found within the area of the associated linear facilities. The Paleoindian and Early Archaic inhabitants would have found the area drier and access to water restricted, possibly only seasonally available at perched water ponds, or in solution lakes (sinkholes). The Florida peninsula was wider as sea level was as much as 49 m (160 feet) lower than present level (Milanich 1994:38). The continental shelf was exposed in what is now the Gulf of Mexico. Mixed forests of oak and pine probably dominated the lower, riparian areas and the higher, arid locations were covered with rosemary scrub and grass species. Precontact groups exploited microhabitats that existed until modern logging, ranching, and land drainage practices were instituted.

Physiographic Regions

The facilities included in this work plan are located within three physiographic zones: the Southern or Distal Physiographic Zone, the Southern Slope, a feature associated with the Atlantic Coastal Ridge, and the Everglades (White 1970). Known in Miami-Dade County as the Miami Ridge, the ridge consists of a narrow, gently sloping limestone ridge that extends from Hollywood south to Homestead. The bedrock in the area is Miami Oolite (United States Department of Agriculture [USDA] 1996). Features associated with the Miami Ridge include the Atlantic Ocean to the east, the Everglades to the west, and the Southern Slope to the south. A portion of the southern slope extends northeastward along the western shore of Biscayne Bay, terminating across from Key Biscayne. Elevation along the Southern Slope averages 3 to 4.5 m with elevations in the Coconut Grove area of South Miami reaching 6 to 7 m.

The Everglades region is characterized by low, poorly drained flatland that represents the shallow, flat bottoms of Pleistocene seas. Elevations range from sea level along Florida Bay to approximately 3 m (10 feet) in the northern end of the Everglades. Peat and organic-rich soils Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 23 of 59

June 2009

that have accumulated on a bedrock floor that consists of Miami Oolite cover this region. Miami Oolite, a Pleistocene era deposit, consists of a soft, white to yellow limestone that varies from a sandy limestone to calcium carbonate. This bedrock floor rises to the east and west where it lies very near the surface and where elevations tend to be somewhat higher. The Miami Oolite gradually thickens to the east where it eventually forms the Atlantic Coastal Ridge. It is important to note that modern human attempts to drain, ditch, or divert water have severely altered much of the Everglades.

Limestone and dolostone dominate the sediments of Miami-Dade County. This formation is a soft, oolitic limestone that is generally less than 40 feet thick. It characteristically contains large quantities of ooliths, which are small, spherical particles formed when calcite or aragonite was deposited in concentric layers around a nucleus of some type (USDA 1996:3-4). Outcrops of silicified limestone, or chert, which was often sought out by precontact peoples as raw material sources for the manufacture of stone tools do not occur in this area. The closest known outcrops lie to the west along the Peace River in the central part of the state. Shell was the material of choice for the manufacture of precontact tools, and large univalve and bivalve shells occur in abundance along nearby Biscayne Bay.

Water resources consist of both ground and surface water. The surficial aquifer, known as the Biscayne Aquifer, consists of sediments from the Anastasia formation, Miami and Key Largo limestone, and the Fort Thompson formation. The surficial aquifer is recharged through local rainfall. Because of low hydraulic gradients, movement of water within this zone is very slow. Water is discharged from the aquifer through lateral seepage into streams or lakes, or through evapotranspiration. Recently, drainage ditches have allowed for more rapid drainage of inland areas. Spillway dams have been installed in these canals to maintain the level of surficial waters and avoid saltwater intrusion in the heavily stressed coastal areas.

The ground water aquifer in southern Florida, known as the Floridan Aquifer, underlies the surficial Biscayne Aquifer. The Floridan Aquifer is presently non-potable due to saltwater intrusion caused by excessive pumping. Because the level of the Floridan Aquifer is dependent on sea level, the projected level of the Aquifer at any point in prehistory will depend largely on which Holocene sea level curve is used. The pattern of sea level fluctuations, not the absolute values of the measures above or below present sea level, is important for consideration. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 24 of 59

June 2009

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE POTENTIAL ZONES

The literature search and site file review contributed to the deten-nination of zones of archaeological site potential for the direct APE and these zones are depicted in Attachment 1. Based on the archaeological literature concerning the validity of site predictive models, and the various environmental variables used to formulate such predictions, four environmental variables were employed in predicting precontact site potential: distance to fresh water, soil type (soil drainage), distance to hardwood hammocks, and relative elevation. Soil type and relative elevation relate to the water drainage pattern found in a particular area. Because zones of archaeological site potential are created using the archival data listed above, the project archaeologist typically modifies the site potential zones based on actual conditions observed in the field.

Fresh water is obviously an important resource, as the need for water is universal. This variable would have been of greater importance during the Paleoindian and Early Archaic periods (14,000-7500 BC) when the perched water system was more restricted.

The characteristics of soils have been used successfully by several researchers in the formulation of predictive models for precontact site location. In general, soils with an organic pan, with underlying marl or clays, and with slow to moderate internal drainage tend to retain water or be inundated. Areas with a low elevation relative to perched water systems tend to be wet or inundated. Although wet areas can contain abundant wildlife and plant resources, they make poorer habitation areas when better-drained locations are available. Subsurface features such as filled drainages or sloughs that would not be identifiable during the field inspection can sometimes be identified on soil maps. However, soil characteristics alone are not the best predictors of site location in this region. Other variables, including the presence of tree islands or hammocks, serve as reliable indicators of site location in southern Florida.

In southern Florida, hammock tree islands have been used from the beginning of the Everglades and Big Cypress Swamp to the present by precontact, Seminole, and modern hunters, campers and permanent residents. One obvious reason for the use of these tree islands is that they are not prone to flooding, except perhaps during episodes of very high water. Yet, hammocks in pre- drainage times were moist enough to retard the development and spread of fires. The thick foliage of hammocks provides a great deal of shade and good shelter during periods of heavy weather, as well as serving to moderate temperatures year-round. Mature hammocks are noted for a lack of ground cover vegetation due to the closed canopy above shading out younger trees, herbs, and shrubs. Mature hammocks offer enough open space for habitation and activity areas. Finally, human food sources such as fruits, nuts and tubers, can be found in hammocks. These food sources also are valued for their ability to attract game animals.

Generally speaking, areas of high archaeological site potential for the Project include hammock tree islands and areas adjacent to a previously recorded archeological sites or zones. Moderate site probability zones include those poorly to very poorly drained locales within 200 meters (656 feet) of a wetland or body of water, or areas of poorly drained to excessively drained soils that are within 200 meters (656 feet) to 300 meters (984 feet) of a wetland or body of water. Low site probability zones will include those areas of very poorly drained to excessively drained upland Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 25 of 59

June 2009

locales not otherwise designated as high or medium site probability. The environmental characteristics used in the development of archaeological site potential zones are discussed below.

East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors

The East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors are generally located within areas that once consisted mostly of wetlands including marsh, mangrove swamp, and wet prairie. These areas have been subjected to considerable drainage during historic times. Soils within these areas are indicative of wetlands and/or disturbance. The drainage characteristics and environmental associations for these soils are listed in Table 4.

Table 4. Detailed Soil Types within the East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary

Krome very gravelly broaa, very low 1il1s on tne miami Klage; rocK-plowea loam or mechanically scarified and cultivated; no natural Moderately well vegetation remains drained Matecumbe muck Tropical hardwood hammocks on the Miami Ridge and Everglades; thin bed of leaf litter with limestone bedrock at a depth of three inches below the surface Cardsound silty clay Everglades flatwoods; some areas contain limestone 5 loam-rock outcrop inches below the surface and others contain a mat of complex pine needles over limestone bedrock Well drained Opa Locka sand-rock Everglades flatwoods; limestone bedrock at a depth of outcrop complex six inches below the surface Udorthents-water Dredged and excavated materials from ditches, canals, complex lakes, ponds, and quarries; weeds and native grasses Chekika very gravelly Transitional areas of flatwoods between the Miami loam Ridge and the Everglades; all areas have been rock- plowed and used for vegetable crops;

Somewhat poorly Udorthents, limestone Open areas of stony limestone fragments underlain by drained substratum-urban land limestone and developed urban land; no natural complex vegetation remains Udorthents, marl Open areas of gravelly loam fill underlain by marl and substratum-urban land developed urban land; no natural vegetation remains complex Biscayne gravelly marl, Broad low flats, sloughs, and transverse glades; drained drained, rock-plowed or mechanically scarified and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Poorly drained Biscayne marl Broad, low, coastal flats, marshes, sloughs, and depressions; sawgrass, cattail, primrose willow and water tolerant grasses Biscayne marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades with hard porous limestone bedrock; drained and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 26 of 59

June 2009

Biscayne marl-rock Freshwater marsh and rock outcrops; cabbage palm outcrop complex and melaleuca. Hallandale fine sand Broad low flats between the Everglades and the low coastal ridge; slash pine, melaleuca, Australian pine, and scattered saw palmetto Pennsuco marl Broad, low, coastal marshes and sloughs in Poorly drained depressional areas; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Pennsuco marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades; drained and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Perrine marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Dania muck, Ponded areas and poorly defined drainage ways in depressional sawgrass marshes; sawgrass, cattail, and some melaleuca Lauderhill muck, Narrow drainageways and broad open areas of depressional sawgrass marsh; cattail and sawgrass; disturbed areas contain Brazilian pepper and melaleuca Pahokee muck, Freshwater swamps and marshes; cattail and depressional sawgrass; disturbed areas contain Brazilian pepper Very poorly and melaleuca drained Pennsuco marl, tidal Tidal mangrove swamps with tidal flooding; scattered and stunted red mangrove Perrine marl Low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; sawgrass, cattail and primrose willow Tamiami muck, Freshwater swamps and marshes; cattail, sawgrass, depressional and gulf muhly Terra ceia muck, tidal Saltwater swamps and marshes subject to tidal flooding; red and black mangrove Rock outcrop-Vizcaya- Rock outcrop; South Florida bluestem, sawgrass, gulf N/A TBiscayne complex muhly, cabbage palm Urban land Developed areas with open areas of fill and udorthents Source: USDA 1996

A review of the Government Land Office (GLO) historic plat maps for Townships 52 South, Ranges 38-40 East (Florida Department of Environmental Protection [FDEP] 1912, 1918a, 1918b), Township 53 South, Ranges 38-40 East (FDEP 1918c, 1918d, 1918e), Township 54 South, Ranges 38 (FDEP 1918f) and 40-41 East (FDEP 1845a, 1845b, 1908, 1918g), Township 55 South, Ranges 39-40 East (FDEP 1847a, 1847b), Township 56 South, Ranges 38-40 East (FDEP 1847c, 1847d, 1847e, 1924), and Township 57 South, Ranges 38-40 East (FDEP 1847f, 1847g, 1875) shows no indication of military forts, encampments, battlefields, homesteads, farmsteads, or historical Native American villages located within or adjacent to the East Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 27 of 59 June 2009

Preferred Corridor or the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. Many of these plat maps do not provide any environmental information. Those that do include environmental information generally describe the project areas as various types of wetland with occasional hammock tree islands.

An examination of historic aerials from 1938, 1963, 1964, as well as aerial photographs from 1970 (State University System of Florida [SUSF] 2004), shows that the East Preferred Corridor and West Preferred/Secondary Corridors consisted mostly of undeveloped land and wetlands in the earliest aerials and a few possible tree hammock islands are visible on the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. Oil later aerial photographs, canal systems and agricultural fields are visible within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors and surrounding area. Roughly the southern half of the East Preferred Corridor appears to consist mostly of mangrove or tidal wetlands on the later aerials. However, the 1963, 1964, and 1970 aerials illustrate that urbanization has occurred by the early 1970s in the northern portion of the East Preferred Corridor.

Reclaimed Water Delivery Pipelines

The reclaimed water delivery pipelines are generally located within areas that were once predominantly wetlands consisting of marsh, mangrove swamp, and/or wet prairie. These areas have been subjected to considerable drainage during historic times. The drainage characteristics and environmental associations for the soils located within these areas are listed in Table 5.

Udorthents-water complex Dredged and excavated materials from ditches, Well drained canals, lakes, ponds, and quarries; weeds and native grasses Biscayne marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades with hard porous limestone bedrock ; drained and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Pennsuco marl Broad, low, coastal marshes and sloughs in Poorly drained depressional areas; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Perrine marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Lauderhill muck, Narrow drainageways and broad open areas of depressional sawgrass marsh; cattail and sawgrass; disturbed Very poorly areas contain Brazilian pepper and melaleuca drained Pennsuco marl, tidal Tidal mangrove swamps with tidal flooding; scattered and stunted red mangrove Very poorly Terra ceia muck, tidal Saltwater swamps and marshes subject to tidal drained flooding; red and black mangrove Source: USDA 1996 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 28 of 59 June 2009

A review of the GLO historic plat maps for Township 56 South, Range 40 East (FDEP 1847e, 1924) and Township 57 South, Range 40 East (FDEP 1875) shows no indication of military forts, encampments, battlefields, homesteads, farmsteads, and historical Native American villages located within or adjacent to the pipelines. Environmental information included in these plats describes the region as consisting mostly of a combination of pinelands, "soft" or wet prairies, salt marsh, and mangrove "flats."

An examination of historic aerials from 1938, 1963, 1964, and 1970 (SUSF 2004) indicates that the reclaimed water delivery pipeline consisted mostly of undeveloped land and wetlands in the earliest aerials. Eventually, canal systems are visible in later aerials although the general environment of the pipelines still appears to consist mostly of wetlands.

Access Roads and Bridges

The access roads and bridges are also generally located within areas that were once predominantly wetlands consisting of marsh and/or wet prairie and subjected to considerable drainage during historic times. The drainage characteristics and environmental associations for the soils located within these areas are listed in Table 6.

uaornents-water complex Dredged and excavated materials from ditches, Well drained canals, lakes, ponds, and quarries; weeds and native grasses .1. Biscayne marl Broad, low, coastal flats, marshes, sloughs, and depressions; sawgrass, cattail, primrose willow and water tolerant grasses Biscayne marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades with hard porous limestone bedrock ; drained and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Poorly drained Pennsuco marl Broad, low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Perrine marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Lauderhill muck, Narrow drainageways and broad open areas of depressional sawgrass marsh; cattail and sawgrass; disturbed areas contain Brazilian pepper and melaleuca Very poorly Perrine marl Low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; sawgrass, cattail and primrose willow Pennsuco marl, tidal Tidal mangrove swamps with tidal flooding; scattered and stunted red mangrove fill and N/A Urban land Developed areas with open areas of udorthents Source: USDA 1996 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 29 of 59 Jwne 2009

A review of the GLO historic plat maps for Township 57 South, Ranges 39 and 40 East (FDEP 1847g, 1875) shows no indication of military forts, encampments, battlefields, homesteads, farmsteads, or historical Native American villages located within or adjacent to the access roads and bridges. Environmental information included in these plats describes the region as consisting mostly of a combination of rocky pinelands, 'soft" or wet prairies, and scattered small hamnmocks.

An examination of historic aerials from 1938, 1963, 1964, and 1970 (SUSF 2004) indicates that the access roads and bridges consisted mostly of undeveloped land and wetlands on the earliest aerials. Eventually, canal systems and agricultural fields are visible on later aerials.

Potable Water Pipelines

The potable water pipelines are also generally located within areas that were once predominantly wetlands consisting of marsh and/or wet prairie and subjected to considerable drainage during historic times. The drainage characteristics and environmental associations for the soils located within these areas are listed in Table 7.

Udorthents-water complex Dredged and excavated materials from ditches, Well drained canals, lakes, ponds, and quarries; weeds and native grasses

Somewhat poorly Udorthents, limestone Open areas of stony, limestone fragments drained substratum-urban land underlain by limestone and developed urban land; complex no natural vegetation remains Biscayne marl Broad, low, coastal flats, marshes, sloughs, and depressions; sawgrass, cattail, primrose willow and water tolerant grasses Biscayne marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades with hard porous limestone bedrock ; drained and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Biscayne gravelly marl, Broad low flats, sloughs, and transverse glades; Poorly drained drained drained, rock-plowed or mechanically scarified and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Pennsuco marl Broad, low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Perrine marl, drained Broad, low, coastal flats and transverse glades; cleared, drained, and cultivated; no natural vegetation remains Lauderhill muck, Narrow drainageways and broad open areas of depressional sawgrass marsh; cattail and sawgrass; disturbed Very poorly areas contain Brazilian pepper and melaleuca drained Perrine marl Low, coastal marshes and sloughs in depressional areas; sawgrass, cattail and primrose willow Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 30 of 59 June 2009

Very poorly Pennsuco marl, tidal Tidal mangrove swamps with tidal flooding; drained scattered and stunted red mangrove fill and N/A Urban land Developed areas with open areas of udorthents Source: USDA 1996

A review of GLO historic plat maps for Township 57 South, Ranges 39 and 40 East (FDEP 1847g, 1875) indicates no military forts, encampments, battlefields, homesteads, farmsteads, or historical Native American villages within or adjacent to the potable water pipelines. Environmental infornation included in these plats describes the region as consisting mostly of a combination of rocky pinelands, "soft" or wet prairies, and scattered small hammocks.

An examination of historic aerials from 1938, 1963, 1964, and 1970 (SUSF 2004) indicates that the potable water pipelines consisted primarily of undeveloped land and wetlands on the earliest aerials. Eventually, canal systems and agricultural fields are visible on later aerials Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 31 of 59 June 2009

BACKGROUND RESEARCH

Background research methods included a search of the Florida Master Site File (FMSF) to identify previously recorded cultural resources and resources with recorded human remains. During this analysis, Janus Research identified archaeological resources within 100 feet of the associated linear facilities and historic cultural resources within 500 feet of the associated linear facilities. Background research also included a review of available Miami-Dade County and local site inventories.

Locally designated resources, including historic buildings, historic districts, and archaeological zones, are officially recognized by Certified Local Governments (CLG), such as the City of Miami or Miami-Dade County, pursuant to local historic preservation ordinances. Designation means that the resource is considered to be important and the ordinances include safeguards to protect against unnecessary destruction. Typically, alterations to any resource, including ground disturbing activities, require approval by the CLG prior to their initiation.

East Preferred Corridor

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes 25 previously conducted cultural resource surveys within the East Preferred Corridor. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the 25 surveys is included in Table 8.

289 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Meadow Wood Manor Tract, Dade County, Florida (Miller 1978)

340 Dade County Archaeological Survey: Interim Report (Carr 1980) 602 Dade County Historic Survey - Introduction: The Archaeological Survey (Recommendations for Preservation Priorities and List of Inventory Properties; Inventory, Photographs, Etc.) (Carr and Rodriguez 1981)

1583 Proposed Improvements to SR 994/Quail Roost Drive, from SR 5/US 1 to SR 997/Krome Avenue in Dade County, Florida (Browning and Wiedenfeld 1988)

1612 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed Alandco Miami Riverside Project, Phase 1 Development Site, Miami, Florida (Ballo and Johnson 1988)

2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989) Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 32 of 59

June 2009

2554 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed Replacement of the Southwest 2nd Avenue Bridge (Ballo and Jackson 1990)

2562 Cultural Resource Assessment of a Portion of SR 9 in Dade County, Florida (Browning and *Jackson 1990)

3908 Riverside Heights Neighborhood Historic Site Survey (George and Milano 1994) 4506 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of S.R. 986/S.W. 72nd Street/Sunset Drive from U.S. 1 to Red Road/S.W. 57th Avenue, Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1996) 4888 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the US-1 Exclusive Bus Lanes Corridor from Florida City (Approximately at S.W. 344th Street) to Cutler Ridge (Approximately at S.W. 112th Avenue) In Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1997)

5343 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for 1-95 Downtown Distributor Ramps Project from: SR 9a/1-95 to: SR 5/Biscayne Boulevard in Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1997)

5643 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey Report, Florida Department of Transportation, SW 112th Avenue/Allapattah Road Extension PD&E Study from: Northern Boundary of the Redeveloped HAFB; to: the Heft/SW 112th Avenue Interchange, Miami-Dade County, FL (Janus Research 1999)

7607 HIGX BU#812358-18755 Southwest 147th Avenue (Larocque 2000)

8283 3898 Shipping Avenue (2001.14) Archaeological and Historical Assessment (Carr and Doty 2001)

8956 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the MIA-J Tower Location In Miami-Dade County, Florida (Ambrosino 2003)

8958 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the HJOX Tower Location In Miami-Dade County, Florida (Ambrosino 2003)

8969 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the HJXW Tower Location In Miami-Dade County, Florida (Hughes 2003)

9538 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Proposed Improvements to the Homestead Extension of the Florida Turnpike (HEFT) from SW 21 1th Street to the HEFT/SR 874 Interchange, Miami-Dade County (Janus Research 2003)

13187 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of the Road Transfer of SR 986/Sunset Drive/SW 72nd Street from SW 62nd Avenue to US-1/S Dixie Highway, County: Miami-Dade [Florida] (Janus Research 2006) •14000 Cultural Resources Reconnaissance Study, South Florida East Coast Corridor Transit Analysis, Miami-Dade, Broward and Palm Beach Counties (Janus Research 2006) Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 33 of 59

June 2009

14408 Miami Comprehensive Neighborhood Plan [Dade County, Florida] (City of Miami Planning Department 1989)

These surveys were conducted between 1978 and 2006. The scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to determine any resources that may now be considered historic.

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources

Previously Recorded ArchaeologicalSites The FMSF search identified two previously recorded archaeological sites within or adjacent to Ethe East Preferred Corridor. These previously recorded archaeological reurcesare~eibed in Table 9.

8DA17 Miami Rock Mound 2 Archaeological Site / Prehistoric Not Evaluated mound (listed in FMSF as destroyed in 1979) 8DA9990 j US-1 Archaeological Site / Ineligible

_ Historic Road Segment 1As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Site 8DA17 is listed in the FMSF as destroyed in 1979 and has not been evaluated for listing in the NRHP by DHR/SHPO. 8DA9990 is a historic road segment recorded as a linear resource. When originally recorded, the FMSF required linear resources to be documented on archaeological site fonns. Currently, they are recorded on Resource Group forms and considered to be and treated as historic resources instead of archaeological sites.

The- of the East Preferred Corridor is located within the North Bank and West Bank Arc aeological Zones desi nated by the City of Miami. The same portion of the East Preferred Corridor is locatedi west of the City of Miami-designated South Bank Archaeological Zone.

Background research indicates several areas of high or moderate b b ~lialong the East Preferred Corridor. A few moderate probability areas exist along the " of the corridor with most of the probability while the high probability zones are concentrated where the corridor passes through the locally designated zones (Attachi-ient 1). S v testing will be conducted in these areas at appropriate intervals. A visual survey will be Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 34 of 59

June 2009

conducted of low probability areas with judgmental shovel testing. Surveys will be conducted prior to construction.

Previously Recorded Historic Structures The FMSF search identified 191 historic structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor. Of these 191 structures, 82 previously recorded historic structures were located within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the East Preferred Corridor (Table 10) and an additional 109 previously recorded historic structures were located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor (Table 11).

8DA279 Holsum Bakery Building / 5750 S Dixie Highway Not Evaluated 8DA430 100 SW 21 Road Not Evaluated 8DA433 5900 S Dixie Highway / 5900-5910 S Dixie Highway Potentially Eligible 8DA434 5904 S Dixie Highway Potentially Eligible 8DA439 914 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA440 921 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA442 1013-1015 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA443 Shipyard Corporation / 615 SW 2nd Avenue Potentially Eligible 8DA447 123 SW 1 Oth Street Not Evaluated 8DA448 120 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA449 105 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA456 Woodside Apartments 2460 SW 16 Court Not Evaluated 8DA457 53 SW 14th Street Not Evaluated 8DA459 70 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA460 67 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA463 911 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA464 908 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA465 903 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA470 104 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA471 118 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA472 118 SW 9th Street Rear Not Evaluated 8DA473 120 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA474 126 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA475 128 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA483 FEC Railway Freight House 400 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA484 916 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA485 940 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA486 3435 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA488 37 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 35 of 59

June 2009

8DA489 44 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA490 54 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA492 79 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA493 84 SW 13th Street Not Evaluated 8DA497 826 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA498 145 SW 21st Road Not Evaluated 8DA500 1770 SW 24th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA502 1868 SW 25th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA513 87 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA514 68 SW 1 1th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 086 Simpson Park / 85 SW 17th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 193 2500 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1243 936 SW 1st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1246 1345 SW 1 st Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1284 400 SW 2nd Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 382 Mercy Restaurant / 93 SW 8th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1394 62-62 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 395 70 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1396 29 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1404 75 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1418 Southside School / 45 SW 13th Street NRHP-listed 8DA1427 171 SW 14th Street Not Evaluated

8DA1429 37 SW 1 4th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1688 25 SW 27 Road Not Evaluated 8DA2631 635 SW 3rd Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA2643 145 SW 8th Street Not Evaluated 8DA2754 9100 Dadeland Boulevard Not Evaluated 8DA2773 9830 SW 77th Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA2774 9840 SW 77th Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA2835 13401 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2882 Dorn Building / 5900-5904 S Dixie Highway Not Evaluated 8DA2887 6130 Sunset Drive Potentially Eligible 8DA3067 209 SW 5th Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA3186 43 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA3187 87 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA4585 South Bayshore Drive & South Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4650 4855 Ponce De Leon Blvd Not Evaluated 8DA4667 1722 SW 1 Avenue Not Evaluated Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 36 of 59 June 2009

8DA4668 3211 SW 1 Avenue I Not Evaluated 8DA4681 2939 SW 36 Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4683 126 SW 17 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4686 101 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4687 148 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4690 120 SW 31 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4691 168 SW 32 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4696 137 SW 10th Street Not Evaluated 8DA4706 1038 SW 22 Street Not Evaluated 8DA4721 1712 SW 24th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA4722 1865 SW 25th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA5618 22520 SW 134 Avenue Ineligible 8DA5621 Fitzgibbons Residence / 22850 SW 134 Avenue Ineligible 8DA5622 Fitzgibbons Residence (Bldg A) / 22850 SW 134 Avenue Ineligible 8DA6508 South Miami City Hall / 6130 Sunset Drive Ineligible 1 As recorded inthe FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Table 11. Additional Previously Recorded Historic Structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor

8DA294 Leviathan Residence / 10 SE 6th Street Not Evaluated 8DA429 152 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA431A Vizcaya Farm Building 1 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431B Vizcaya Farm Building 2 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431C Vizcaya Farm Building 3 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431D Vizcaya Farm Building 4 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431E Vizcaya Farm Building 5 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431F Viscaya Farm Building 6 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431G Vizcaya Farm Building 7 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA431H Vizcaya Farm Building 8 / 50 SW 32nd Road Not Evaluated 8DA437 5900 Sunset Drive Potentially Eligible 8DA450 51 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA451 50 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA452 76 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA461 60 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA462 52 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA469 35 SW 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA495 60 SW 18th Road Not Evaluated Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 37 of 59 June 2009

8DA496 74 SW 18th Terrace I Not Evaluated 8DA501 1780 SW 24th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA505 46 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA515 59 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA516 52 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA517 Brickell Plaza Hotel / 44 SW 1 1th Street Not Evaluated 8DA518 2420 SW 16th Court Not Evaluated 8DA519 •87 SW 18th Road Not Evaluated 8DA521 2598 Taluga Drive Not Evaluated 8DA523 Miami First United Methodist Church Not Evaluated 8DA524 2892 S W 32 Court Not Evaluated 8DA530 2912 Bridgeport Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA533 Marion Villa / 45 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA534 200 SW.32 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 180 Columbus Group / 637 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1181 650 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1184 Fire Station No. 4 / 1000 S. Miami Avenue NRHP-listed 8DA1 186 Burkhart, House and Office /1150 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1187 1326 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DAl188 1525 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1190 2000 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 191 2238 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 192 2300 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1384 78 SW 7th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 393 29 S 9th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 397 45-45 ½ SW 10th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1399 28 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1402 60 SW 11 th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1405 37 SW 12th Street Not Evaluated 8DA1419 Terrace Apartments /21 SW 14th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1445 43 SW 18 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1450 65 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1451 73 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1452 70 SW 18th Terrace Not Evaluated 8DA1454 42 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1457 73 SW 19th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1465 46 SW 20th Road Not Evaluated 8DA1487 43 SW 21 Road Not Evaluated Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 38 of 59

June 2009

8DA1493 38 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1494 51 SW22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA1 518 32 SW 23rd Road Not Evaluated 8DA1678 2741 SW 22nd Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1691 2497 Abaco Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1695 2517 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1696 2530 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1697 2533 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1698 2539 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1699 2544 Andros Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 807 2823 Coconut Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 848 2801 Emathla Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 894 2830 Jefferson Street Not Evaluated 8DA1895 2924 Jefferson Street Not Evaluated 8DA1909 2911 Lucaya Street Not Evaluated 8DA1959 2825 S Miami Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA1 972 2621 Natoma Street Not Evaluated 8DA1973 2630 Natoma Street Not Evaluated 8DA1974 2631 Natoma Street Not Evaluated 8DA1 977 2601 Nocatee Drive Not Evaluated 8DA1978 146 Oak Street Not Evaluated 8DA2014 2085 Secoffee Street Not Evaluated 8DA2015 2107 Secoffee Street Not Evaluated 8DA2016 2140 Secoffee Street Not Evaluated 8DA2080 1757 Wa-Kee-Na Drive Not Evaluated 8DA2081 1765 Wa-Kee-Na Drive Not Evaluated 8DA2082 1866 Wa-Kee-Na Drive Not Evaluated 8DA2832 13280 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2833 13295 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2834 13301 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2836 13460 SW 232nd Street Not Evaluated 8DA2886 5875-5885 Sunset Drive Not Evaluated 8DA3704 I & E Greenwald, Steam Engine #1058 / 3898 Shipping NRHP-listed Avenue 8DA4626 Gulf Gas Station / 1492 S Dixie Highway Not Evaluated 8DA4630 George Washington Carver Elementary / 238 Grand Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA4684 157 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4685 158 SW 20 Road Not Evaluated Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 39 of 59

June 2009

8DA4688 160 SW 22 Road Not Evaluated 8DA4710 3382 SW 29 Street Not Evaluated 8DA5022 113 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA5023 117-119 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA5024 125 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA5608 8370 SW 122 Street Ineligible 8DA6129 5891-93 Sunset Drive Potentially Eligible 8DA6130 5875-81 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6131 5843-49 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6132 5857 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6500 6101 Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA9986 118 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9987 123/125 Frow Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9988 217 Florida Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9989 134 Florida Avenue Not Evaluated 8DA9991 11555 SW 82nd Avenue Not Evaluated 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

One previously recorded historic structure within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor, the Southside School (45 SW 13t" Street; 8DA1418), is currently individually listed in the NRHP. 8DA1418 was determined eligible under Criterion C as a notable example of modified Mission Revival style architecture. Two additional NRHP-listed structures (8DA 1184 and 8DA3704) are located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor.

Four previously recorded historic structures within or adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor are listed in the FMSF records as potentially eligible for NRHP listing including 5900 S. Dixie Highway (8DA433); 5904 S. Dixie Highway (8DA434); Shipyard Corporation, 615 SW 2nd Avenue (8DA443); and 6130 Sunset Drive (8DA2887).Two additional potentially eligible historic structures (8DA437 and 8DA6129) are located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor. While these six resources are not officially listed in the NRHP, they are afforded the same considerations as properties listed in the NRHP (as per 36 CFR 60.4 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966). Additional properties may also be eligible for NRHP listing but have not been evaluated by SHPO.

While not individually eligible for the NRHP, the Vizcaya Farm Buildings (8DA431A- 8DA4311) are located within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor and are considered contributing structures within the Vizcaya National Historic Landmark site (8DA173; Attachment 1). The farm village buildings were designed by F. Burrall Hoffman Jr. in the Mediterranean Revival style. The village is located to the north of Vizcaya's main house and gardens, across South Miami Avenue. It includes the historic residences of Vizcaya employees, maintenance structures, and the original working farm buildings. The buildings have undergone Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 40 of 59

June 2009

some non-historic alterations but retain their historic integrity. The Garage Building was recently restored and is used for museum lectures and events, and plans are underway to restore the other village buildings in the future.

Several cultural resource assessment surveys are currently being conducted throughout Miami- Dade County. The East Preferred Corridor extends through current survey areas in Goulds and South Miami not represented in FMSF records. Miami-Dade County is currently conducting a county-wide survey that concentrates on post-World War 11 resources. This work may result in the identification of NRHP and locally eligible historic resources

Historic structures identified through the FMSF record search were compared to available lists of locally designated historic resources in Miami-Dade County, the City of Miami, the City of Coral Gables, and the City of South Miami. No historic structures within the direct APE for the East Preferred Corridor were found to be locally designated by Miami-Dade County or the City of Miami. One historic structure, George Washington Carver Elementary School, 238 Grand Avenue (8DA4630) is locally designated by the City of Coral Gables. Four historic structures, Dom Brother Buildings, 5900-5910 Sunset Drive (8DA433/8DA437/8DA2882) and 5893 Sunset Drive (8DA6129) are locally designated by the City of South Miami. An additional five historic structures within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor are locally designated by the City of South Miami, but did not have addresses that coincided with FMSF records. These are the Shelley Building, 5837 Sunset Drive; D.J. Red Building, 5850 Sunset Drive; 5800 Sunset Drive; and the Sylva Martin Building, 6150 Sunset Drive.

Many of the historic resources listed in Tables 9 and 10 have no formal determination of eligibility from SUPO, as they were recorded as part of local surveys or grant funded projects. Consequently, a resources' significance may not be revealed until further research or a survey is conducted. Surveys will be conducted prior to construction.

Previously Recorded Resource Groups Twelve resource groups were identified within or adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor (Table 12) and one additional resource group (8DA5360) was identified within 500 feet Of these resource groups, three are historic districts, eight are linear resources (five historic roads, one canal, and two railroads), one is an archaeological district, and one was recorded as a multiple property submission, which includes individual resources or small districts that are eligible for inclusion in the NRHP and are associated by a theme, context, or architecture.

Table 12. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the East Preferred Corridor

8DA4353 Linear Resource / Coral Way State Historic Highway Potentially Eligible 8DA4584 Linear Resource / Bird Road Ineligible 8DA4585 Linear Resource / S. Bayshore Drive/S. Miami Avenue Potentially Eligible 8DA4586 Linear Resource / Calle Ocho NRHP-Listed 8DA5123 Multiple Property Submission / Downtown Miami Multiple Potentially Eligible Resource Area Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 41 of 59

June 2009

8DA5583 Historic District / Macfarlane Homestead Historic District NRHP-Listed 8DA6486 Linear Resource / Sunset Drive Ineligible 8DA6509 Historic District / Sunset Drive Historic District Potentially Eligible 8DA8039 Historic District/ Miami Roads Neighborhood Not Evaluated 8DA10107 Linear Resource / F.E.C. Railway Insufficient Info 8DA1 0753 Linear Resource / CSX Railroad Insufficient Info 8DA10754 Linear Resource / Snapper Creek Canal Ineligible 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Four resource groups are considered potentially eligible for NRHP listing. These include two historic districts: Sunset Drive Historic District (8DA6509) and the Downtown Miami Multiple Resource Area (8DA5123), as well as two linear resources: Coral Way State Historic Highway (8DA4353) and S. Bayshore Drive/S, Miami Avenue (8DA4585). The Downtown Miami Multiple Resource Area (8DA5123) includes individual resources and historic districts that are eligible for inclusion in the NRHP. While not officially listed in the NRHP, these resources are afforded the same considerations as properties listed in the NRHP (as per 36 CFR 60.4 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966).

Archaeological District 8DA5360 is located within porev~iouslyy discussed City of Miami-designated zones extending into flour more City-designated archaeological zones along the for listing in " Elk = Currently DHR/SF[PO has not evaluated this resource group

Five historic linear resources that intersect the East Preferred Corridor are designated as State Historic Highways. These include Coral Way (8DA 4353), Bird Road (8DA4584), S. Bayshore Drive/ S. Miami Avenue (8DA4585), Calle Ocho (8DA4586), and Sunset Drive (8DA6486).

Two additional roads within the East Preferred Corridor are designated State Historic Highways (Red Road and Killian Drive) but are not recorded in the FMSF. Killian Drive is also locally designated as a historic resource by Miami-Dade County. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 42 of 59 June 2009

Previously Recorded Historic Bridges One previously recorded historic bridge (8DA6434) was identified within the East Preferred Corridor. One additional previously recorded historic bridge (8DA1087) was identified approximately 465 feet to the east. Neither bridge has been evaluated for NRIHfP-listing by DHR/SHFPO nor has either bridge been locally designated by Miami-Dade County (Table 13).

8DA1087 Historic Bridge / South Miami Avenue Bridge Not Evaluated

8DA6434 Historic Bridge / Southwest 2 nd Avenue Bridge Not Evaluated 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Previously Recorded Historic Cemeteries No previously recorded historic cemeteries were identified within 500 feet of the East Preferred Corridor.

West Prefered/Secondary Corridors

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes 25 previously conducted cultural resource assessment surveys within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the 25 surveys are included in Table 14.

Table 14. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the West Preferred/Secondary

283 An Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Site 14 Replacement Airport and its Proposed Access Corridors [Dade County, Florida] (Ammidown, Beriault and Carr 1979)

340 Dade County Archaeological Survey: Interim Report (Carr 1980)

2143 Preliminary Cultural Resource Assessment of the Everglades Wildlife Management Area, Conservation Areas 2A, 2B, 3A North, 3A South, and 3B (Taylor 1988) 4378 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for the US 1 (SR 5) Upgrade from Abaco Road on Key Largo in Monroe County to Card Sound Road (CR 905), just South of Florida City, in Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 1995) Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 43 of 59 June 2009

5992 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of an 8.5 Square Mile Area, Dade County, Florida (Austin and Mohlman 2000) 6687 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey For the Tamiami Trail Project Area In Miami- Dade County, Florida (Janus Research 2001)

7594 Section 106 Review of Medley (Miller 2000)

7667 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of State Road 9336 (Ingraham Highway) Improvements from Everglades National Park Entrance to NW/SW 6th Avenue (Janus Research 2002) 7738 A Phase I Archaeological Survey of the Pennsuco Parcel, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Archaeological and Historical Conservancy 2002) 8541 A Historical Survey and Assessment of the Pennsuco Cellular Tower, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Archaeological and Historical Conservancy 2002)

9018 Cultural Resource Assessment of the GHW Tower Location in Miami-Dade County, Florida (Sims 2003)

9027 A Cultural Resource Assessment of the HGHW Tower Location in Miami-Dade County, Florida (Ambrosino 2003)

9277 Final Report Historic Architectural Survey of Unincorporated Areas of Monroe County, Florida (Henry 2003)

11345 A Cultural Resource Assessment Survey of NW 74th Street from the Homestead Extension of the Florida Turnpike (HEFT) to SR 826/Palmetto Expressway and the HEFT from NW 41st Street to the Okeechobee Toll Plaza, County: Miami-Dade (Janus Research 2005)

11695 An Archaeological Reconnaissance Survey of the Florida City Commons Parcel, Miami- Dade County, Florida (Carr 2005) 11696 Phase I Cultural Resources Survey of the L-31 N Seepage Management Area and Phase II Site Evaluation Study of the Levee Cut Site (8DA2104) Dade County, Florida (Koski and Loubser 2005)

12129 Cultural Resources Survey, Tamiami Trail, Modified Waters to the Everglades National Park-GRR/SEIS (Azzarello and Langdale 2005) 12178 Cultural Resource Survey of Krome Avenue (SW 177th Avenue/SR997) from SW 136th Street (Howard Drive) to US 27/State Road 25/Okeechobee Road (Janus Research 2004) 12722 An. Archaeological and Historical Assessment of the Section 8 Parcel, Miami-Dade County, Florida (Beriault and Carr 2003) 12974 Cultural Resources Survey, C-ll Phase II and III, Dade County, Florida (Koski and Langdale 2006)

13345 A Phase 1 Archaeological Survey and Assessment of the Bogg Site (8DA5131), Miami- Dade County, Florida (Carr and Franklin 2006) Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 44 of 59 June 2009

These surveys were conducted between 1979 and 2006 and the scope of work may vary. Particularly, early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to determine any resources that may now be considered historic.

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources

Previously RecordedArchaeological Sites The FMSF search identified three previously recorded archaeological sites within or adjacent to ERo the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. All three previously recorded a rces are described in Table 15.

Table 15. Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites within/adjacent to the West Preferred/ Secondary Corridors

8DA2104 Levee Cut Archaeological Site / Prehistoric Not Evaluated Midden(s)

8DA2106 Bench Mark Island Archaeological Site/ Prehistoric Not Evaluated Lithic Scatter/Quarry

8DA7016 Ingraham Highway Archaeological Site / Historic Road Ineligible Segment 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Levee Cut (8DA2104) is a prehistoric midden with the potential for human remains that has not been evaluated for NRHP eligibility by the DHR/SHPO. Site 8DA2104 has been locally designated by the Miami-Dade County Historic Preservation Board and is located within the Nickernut Archaeological Zone. A Certificate to Dig and/or a Certificate of Appropriateness may be required prior to commencement of work within a county designated archaeological zone. Also note that many designated archeological sites include a buffer zone surrounding the identified resource that is als6 subject to protection.2

2 Investigations regarding sites with potential, or confirmed, human remains are subject to the provisions of Chapter 872 of the Florida Statutes. Chapter 872 requires coordination with the State Archaeologist and federally recognized Native American tribes prior to any archaeological investigations. Furthermore, if human remains are encountered, further coordination will be conducted with the State Archaeologist and the federally recognized Native American tribes. Chapter 872 grants authority to the State Archaeologist in determining the disposition of the remains (i.e. whether to avoid or re-inter the remains). Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 45 of 59

June 2009

Background research indicates several areas of high or moderate probability along the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. some moderate probability areas are located most are located in the W of the corridor (Attachment 1). Shove testing will be conducted in these areas at appropriate intervals. A visual survey will be conducted of low probability areas with judgmental shovel testing. Surveys will be conducted prior to construction.

UIAbU4U Historic tructure/Al&l Pennsucoi/1u11 NVVlt("'Avenue inellgible

8DA9602 Historic Structure / 11001 NW 1 7 7 th Avenue Ineligible 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Previously Recorded Resource Groups Three resource groups were identified as intersecting the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. These resource groups are identified in Table 17. Two of these resource groups, the Tamiami Canal (8DA6453) and Tamiami Trail (8DA6510) are considered potentially eligible for NRHP listing. While these resources are not officially listed in the NRHP, they are afforded the same considerations as properties listed in the NRHP (as per 36 CFR 60.4 of the National Historic PreservationAct of 1966).

A portion of the F.E.C. Railway (8DA10107) was also identified within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors. Typically historic railways are considered historically significant, but more evaluation is needed to fully identify the eligibility for inclusion in the NRHP Resource groups identified through the FMSF record search were compared to available lists of locally designated historic resources in Miami-Dade County. No resource groups within the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors were found to be locally designated. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 46 of 59

June 2009

Table 17. Previously Recorded Resource Groups within/adjacent to the West Preferred/Secondary

8DA6453 Historic Linear Resource / Tamiami Canal Potentially [ligile 8DA651 0 Historic Linear Resource / Tamiami Trail Potentially Eligible 8DA1 0107 Historic Linear Resource / F.E.C. Railway Insufficient Info 1 As recorded in the FMSF; may require re-evaluation

Previously Recorded Historic Cemeteries and HistoricBridges No previously recorded historic cemeteries or bridges were identified within 500 feet of the West Preferred/Secondary Corridors.

Reclaimed Water Delivery Pipelines

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes two previously conducted cultural resource surveys within the reclaimed water delivery pipelines. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the surveys is included in Table 18. These surveys were conducted between 1981 and 1989. The scopes of work vary and particularly, these early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re-evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to determine any resources that may now be considered historic.

Table 18. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the Reclaimed Water Delivery Pinelines

Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources No previously recorded archaeological sites or archaeological zones were identified within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the reclaimed water delivery pipelines and no previously recorded historic structures, historic districts, historic linear resources, historic cemeteries, or historic bridges were identified within 500 feet of the reclaimed water delivery pipelines.

Background research suggests that most of the reclaimed water delivery pipelines have a low probability for archaeological sites. A visual survey will be conducted of low probability areas l shovel testing. Several areas of moderate probability are identified along the of the reclaimed water delivery pipelines and shovel testing will be conducted at Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 47 of 59

June 2009

the appropriate interval in these areas. These surveys will be conducted prior to construction. No historic resources survey will be conducted.

Access Roads and Bridges

Previously Conducted Cultural Resource Surveys The FMSF notes five previously conducted cultural resource surveys within the access roads or bridges. The FMSF survey number, survey title, author, and publication date for each of the five surveys is included in Table 19. These surveys were conducted between 1975 and 1994. The scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re- evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to determine any resources that may now be considered historic.

Table 19. Previous Cultural Resource Surveys Conducted within the Access Roads and Bridges eN

20 Report of an Archaeological and Historical Survey of the Homestead Planned Unit Development, a Tract in the Southeast Saline Everglades, Dade County, Florida (Swindell 1975)

2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

3894 City of Homestead, Florida Historic Sites Survey (Research Atlantica 1994)

3999 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for SW 137th Avenue (Tallahassee Road), Project Development and Environmental Study (Janus Research 1994)

Previously Recorded Cultural Resources No previously recorded archaeological sites or archaeological zones were identified within or adjacent to (within 100 feet) the access roads and bridges. No historic structures, historic districts, historic linear resources, historic cemeteries, or historic bridges were identified within 500 feet of the access roads and bridges.

A visual survey will be conducted to identify areas of high probability not suggested through the background research. If identified, these areas will be tested at 25-m intervals. These surveys will be conducted prior to construction. No historic resources survey will be conducted.

Potable Water Pipelines

scopes of work vary and particularly, the early surveys may not meet current legal requirements or professional standards. Typically, surveys conducted more than 10 years ago require a re- evaluation of previously recorded resources and a re-evaluation to determine any resources that may now be considered historic.

2127 Dade County Historic Survey, Phase II, Final Report (Metropolitan Dade County 1989)

3999 Cultural Resource Assessment Survey for SW 137th Avenue (Tallahassee Road), Project Development and Environmental Study (Janus Research 1994)

7065 An Archaeological Survey and Assessment of the Buenaventura Lakes Parcel, Maimi-Dade County, Florida (Ransom 2002)

14770 A Cultural Resources Assessment for the Turnpike SunNav Southern Arterial Dynamic Sign Message (DMS) Project. Broward, Dade, and Palm Beach Counties, Florida (Keel 2007)

A visual survey will be conducted to identify areas of high probability not suggested through the background research. If identified, these areas will be tested at 25-in intervals. These surveys will be conducted prior to construction. No historic resources survey will be conducted. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 49 of 59

June 2009

PROPOSED WORK PLAN

1. Tribal Coordination

Project notification letters were sent to the following five federally recognized tribes with cultural affiliation to Florida: Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida, the Seminole Tribe of Florida, the Muskogee Creek Indians, the Poarch Band of Creek Indians and the Seminole Nation of Oklahoma. Section 106 also requires that the- tribes be informed of the results of any survey. Therefore, it is recommended that a copy of the final report documenting the results of the survey be sent to the five federally-recognized tribes.

In addition, due to the proximity of the Project to Tribal lands associated with the Florida-resident Seminole Tribe of Florida and the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians of Florida, a meeting is recommended prior to the initiation of the field investigations. It is recommended that separate meetings be held with the Tribal Historic Preservation Officer for the Seminole Tribe and the Section 106 Coordinator for the Miccosukee Tribe. The purpose of the meeting will be to review the project, address any comments resulting from the project notification letters previously sent to the Tribes, and identify any cultural issues, sacred areas, or traditional use areas within the APE. Further coordination is recommended to resolve any potential concerns should any such issues be identified during the survey. The form of this coordination will depend on the results of the field investigations and will be determined, as needed.

2. Develop an Unanticipated Finds Plan and Contractor Training Prior to Construction

Prior to construction, it is recommended that an unanticipated finds plan be developed to outline the procedures and identify personnel to be contacted if significant archaeological material or human remains are encountered during construction. The plan will be included in a contractor training program prior to construction. The goal of the training will be to inform construction personnel, inspectors, and managers of the possibility for human remains and archaeological material in a given area and to develop a clear understanding of what procedures should be followed if human remains or archaeological material are identified during earth-disturbing activities.

3. Archaeological and Historic Survey and Identification Plan for Access Roads and Bridges

a) Surveys will be conducted prior to construction. b) No historic resources survey will be required unless the road is an existing historic road, which will be documented on a FMSF form and evaluated. c) No archaeological survey will be required if the road is an existing paved road or an existing gravel or dirt road with no proposed widening. d) A visual survey of all roads will be conducted to identify areas of high archaeological probability within new roads or areas of road widening. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 50 of 59

June 2009

e) A standard archaeological survey will be conducted for new roads or areas of road widenino if the road is located within an area of high archeological probability or adjacent to a previously recorded site. Testing will be conducted at 25-m intervals. Shovel testing will be confined to the APE.

i) A minimum of four shovel tests will be excavated, if possible, to bound identified sites. As feasible, these additional tests will be excavated at approximately 12.5 meter intervals until two negative shovel tests are encountered. Shovel testing will be confined to the APE. ii) FMSF forms will be completed for newly identified archaeological sites. iii) FMSF forms will not be completed for an archaeological occurrence, defined by the FMSF as:

"an archaeological site likely to represent no more than a single accidental event. An occurrence consists of one or two non-diagnostic artifacts, not known to be transported from their original context, which fit within a hypothetical cylinder of thirty meters diameter, regardless of depth below surface" (DHR 2004:31).

iv) Archaeological occurrences will be bound by shovel tests at 12.5 meter intervals until two negative shovel tests are encountered in the four cardinal directions and recorded in a table.

4. Archaeological Survey and Identification Plan for the Transmission Line Corridors, the Reclaimed Water Delivery Pipelines and the Potable Water Pipelines

a) Surveys will be conducted prior to construction. b) The APE for the archaeological survey will be confined to the construction corridor and associated staging areas. Once a construction corridor is identified, the background research, including the locations of previously recorded resources, will be updated to reflect the APE. A visual survey of the APE will also be conducted to refine the archaeological probability areas developed as part of this work plan, identify the specific locations for archaeological subsurface testing, and develop a detailed research plan to be included in the cultural resource assessment survey report. c) All previously recorded archaeological sites within the APE will be field verified and re-evaluated. Updated FMSF forms will be completed for each previously recorded site. d) A reconnaissance level survey will be conducted for previously surveyed areas that do not meet current professional standards, to be defined in consultation with SHPO. The reconnaissance survey will include a pedestrian and visual inspection to document current conditions and to identify and judgmentally test high probability zones. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 51 of 59 June 2009

e) An archaeological survey with testing keyed to zones of archaeological probability will be completed for areas that have not been subject to a previous survey. f) Subsurface testing in areas of high and moderate site potential will be conducted at 25-m (82-ft.) and 50-m (164-ft.) intervals respectively. Subsurface testing in areas considered to be of low archaeological site potential will be conducted on ajudgmental basis. Shovel testing will be confined to the APE.

iv) Archaeological occurrences will be bound by shovel tests at 12.5 meter intervals until two negative shovel tests are encountered in the four cardinal directions and recorded in a table.

6. Historic Resource Survey and Identification Plan for the Transmission Line Corridors, the Reclaimed Water Delivery Pipelines, and Potable Water Pipelines

a) The APE for the historic resources survey will consider both direct and indirect effects. b) The APE for Direct effects will be confined to the construction corridor(s) used for the transmission lines and pipelines.

i) Surveys will be conducted prior to construction. ii) A standard historic resource survey will be conducted to identify resources in areas that have not been previously surveyed. Florida Master Site Files will be completed for newly identified resources. iii) All previously recorded historic districts and individual resources will be field verified. Each individual buildings or structures within the boundaries of a previously recorded historic district will not be field verified. Updated FMSF forms will be completed only if substantial changes have occurred since its initial recording. Such changes include:

* Demolition * Change in NR status Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 52 of 59

June 2009

0 Change in original massing

iv) The boundaries of both previously recorded and newly identified historic districts will be noted and recorded on FMSF forms. Individual buildings within the historic district will not be recorded.

c) An indirect APE in not applicable to the pipelines, roads, and bridges as the improvements will be at or below the ground surface. The Indirect APE analysis will be applicable only to the transmission line corridors. A visual survey will be conducted to establish and define an indirect APE, which will be coordinated with DHR!SHPO. This survey will be conducted prior to construction.

i) A reconnaissance level historic resource survey, which will include a visual inspection, will be conducted to identify individual resources or districts potentially eligible for or listed in the National Register. Representative photographs of resources will be taken and their locations noted on a map. FMSF forms will not be completed.

7. Resolution of Effects

Section 106 consultation will be conducted with SHPO to identify and resolve any adverse effects to significant resources. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 53 of 59

June 2009

REFERENCES CITED

Almy, Marion 1976 A Survey and Assessment of Known Archaeological Sites in Sarasota County, Florida. Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of South Florida, Tampa. 1978 The Archaeological Potential of Soil Survey Reports. The Florida Anthropologist 31(3):75-91.

Bense, Judith 1994 Archaeology of Southeastern United States. Academic Press, San Diego.

Brown, Canter, Jr. 1991 Florida'sPeace River Frontier.University of Central Florida Press, Orlando.

Bullen, Ripley P. 1955 Carved Owl Totem, Deland, Florida. The FloridaAnthropologist 8:61-73. 1968 Beveled Stemmed Points from Tampa Bay. The FloridaAnthropologist 21:90-98. 1972 The Orange Period of Peninsular Florida. In Fiber-tempered Pottety in Southeastern United States and Northern Colombia: Its Origins, Context, and Significance, edited by R. P. Bullen and J. B. Stoltman, pp.9-33. Florida Anthropological Society Publications 6, Gainesville. 1975 A Guide to the Identification 'of the Florida Projectile Points. Kendall Books, Gainesville.

Bullen, R. P., A. K. Bullen, and C. J. Clausen 1968 The Cato Site Near Sebastian Inlet, Florida. The FloridaAnthropologist 21:14-16.

Clausen, Carl J., H. K. Brooks, and A. B. Wesolowsky 1975 Florida Spring Confirmed as 10,000-Year-Old Early Man Site. Florida Anthropological Society Publications7:1-38. Gainesville.

Clausen, C. J., A. D. Cohen, C. Emniliani, J. A. Jolman, and J. J. Stipp 1979 Little Salt Spring, Florida: A Unique Underwater Site. Science 203:609-614.

Cushing, Frank H. 1896 Exploration of Ancient Key Dwellers' Remains on the Gulf Coast of Florida. Proceedings: American PhilosophicalSociety Volume 35 (153):329-448.

Davis, T. Fredrick 1938 The Disston Land Purchase. The FloridaHistorical Quarterly 17(3):200-210. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 54 of 59

June 2009

Dunbar, James S. 1982 The Effect of Geohydrology and Natural Resource Availability on Site Utilization at the Fowler Bridge Mastodon Site (8Hi393c/uw) in Hillsborough County, Florida. In Report on Phase II Underwater Archaeological Testing at the Fowler Bridge Mastodon Site (8Hi393c/uw), Hillsborough County, Florida. Interstate 75 Highway Phase II Archaeological Reports No. 5. Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

Dunbar, James and Ben I. Waller. 1983 A Distribution Analysis of the Clovis/Suwannee Paleoindian Sites of Florida-A Geographic Approach. The Florida Anthropologist 36(1-2):1 8-30.

Florida Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) 1845 Plat Map for Township 54S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp. 1846 Plat Map for Township 54S, Range 41E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 55S, Range 39E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 55S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 56S, Range 38E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 56S, Range 39E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 56S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 57S, Range 38E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1847 Plat Map for Township 57S, Range 39E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1870 Plat Map for Township 58S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1875 Plat Map for Township 58S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1908 Plat Map for Township 54S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1908a Plat Map for Township 54S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1908b Plat Map for Township 54S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1912 Plat Map for Township 52S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1912a Plat Map for Township 53S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 55 of 59

June 2009

1918 Plat Map for Township 52S, Range 38E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1918a Plat Map for Township52S, Range 39E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1918b Plat Map for Township 53S, Range 38E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1918c Plat Map for Township 53S, Range 39E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1918d Plat Map for Township 53S, Range 38E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1919 Plat Map for Township 55S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1924 Plat Map for Township 56S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://l99.73.242.56/default.asp 1924b Plat Map for Township 56S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1925 Plat Map for Township 57S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp 1927 Plat Map for Township 55S, Range 40E. Division of State Lands, Board of Trustees Land Document System. Accessed online at http://199.73.242.56/default.asp

Florida Division of Historical Resources (DHR) 2003 Module Four: Florida Master Site File, in CulturalResource Management Standards & Operational Manual, Tallahassee.

Fradkin, A. 1976 The Wightman Site: A Study of Prehistoric Culture and Environment on Sanibel Island, Lee County, Florida. M.A. Thesis on file Department of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville.

Gaby, Donald C. 1993 The Miami River and Its Tributaries. The Historical Association of South Florida, Miami, Florida.

Gannon, Michael (editor) 1996 The New History of Florida.University of Florida Press, Gainesville.

Goggin, John M. 1939 A Ceramic Sequence for South Florida. New Mexico Anthropologist 3:35-40. 1950 Cultural Occupation at Goodland Point, Florida. The FloridaAnthropologist 2:65-91. n.d. The Archaeology of the Glades Area, Southern Florida. [Written about 1949, with additions in subsequent years into the 1950s.] Typescript. Manuscript on file, Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 56 of 59 June 2009

Grange, Roger T., Jr., Mildred Fryman and J. Raymond Williams 1979 A Phase I Study of the Deltona Corporation Property on State Road 581 in Hillsborough County, Florida: Prepared for the Deltona Corporation. Manuscript on file, Florida Department of State, Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

Griffin, John W. 1988 The Archaeology of Everglades National Park: A Synthesis. Contract CX 5000-5-0049. SEAC.

Harner, Charles E. 1973 Florida'sPromoters•: The Men Who Made It Big. Trend House, Tampa.

Hetherington, Alma 1980 The River of the Long Water. The Mickler House Publishers, Chuluota, Florida.

Laxson, D. D. 1966 The Turner River Jungle Gardens Site, Collier County, Florida. The FloridaAnthropologist 19:125-140.

Mahon, John K. 1967 Histoty of the Second Seminole War, 1835-1842. University of Florida Press, Gainesville.

Mann, R. W. 1983 Rails "Neaththe Palns.Darwin Publications, Burbank, California.

McMichael, Alan 1982 A CulturalResource Assessment of Horrs Island, Collier County, Florida. Miscellaneous Project Report Series Number 15. Department of Anthropology, Florida State Museum, Gainesville.

Milanich, Jerald T. 1978 The Temporal Placement of Cushing's Key Marco Site, Florida. American Anthropologist 80:682. 1994 Archaeology of PrecolumbianFlorida. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville.

Milanich, Jerald T., Jefferson Chapman, Ann S. Cordell, Stephen Hale, and Rochelle A. Marrinan 1984 Prehistoric Development of Calusa Society in Southwest Florida: Excavations on Useppa Island. In Perspectives on Gulf Coast Prehistory,edited by David D. Davis, pp. 258-314. Gainesville: University of Florida Press/FMNH.

Miller, James J. (compiler) 1990 State of Florida Draft Comprehensive Historic Preservation Plan. Manuscript on file, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 57 of 59

June 2009

Mbrner, N. A. 1969 The Late Quaternary History of Kattegat Sea and Swedish West Coast: Deglaciation, Shoreline Displacement Chronology, Isostasy, and Eustacy. Sveriges Geologiska Undersoknin 640.

Neill, Wilfred T. 1964 Trilisa Pond, an Early Site in Marion County, Florida. The Florida Anthropologist 17:187-200.

Russo, Michael 1992 Subsistence., Seasonality, and Settlement at Futch Cove. Report submitted to Florida Archaeological Services, Inc. On File, Florida Division of Historical Resources, Tallahassee.

Sears, William H. 1956 The Turner River Site, Collier County, Florida. The FloridaAnthropologist 9:47-60. 1982 Fort Center: An Archaeological Site in the Lake Okeechobee Basin. Ripley P. Bullen Monographs in Anthropology andHistoty No. 4. University Presses of Florida, Gainesville.

State University System of Florida (SUSF) 2004 Publication of Archival, Library & Museum Materials (PALMM) - Aerial Photography: Florida (FLAP). Accessed online at http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/digital/collections/flap.

Stone, Tammy T., David Dickel, and Glen H. Doran 1990 The Preservation and Conservation of Waterlogged Bone from the Windover Site, Florida: A Comparison of Methods. Journalof FieldArchaeology 17:177-186.

Tebeau, Charlton W. 1971 A History of Florida.University of Miami Press, Miami.

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) 1996 Soil Survey of Dade County Area, Florida.USDA/Soil Conservation Service.

Van Beck, J. C. and L. M. Van Beck 1965 The Marco Midden, Marco Island, Florida. The FloridaAnthropologist 18:1-20.

Watts, W.A. 1975 A Late Quaternary Record of Vegetation fromn Lake Anne, South-Central Florida. Geology 3:344-346.

Watts, William A. and Barbara C. S. Hansen 1988 Environments of Florida in the Late Wisconsin and Holocene. In Wet Site Archaeology, edited by B. A. Purdy, pp.307-323. The Telford Press, Caldwell, New Jersey. Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 Enclosure 4 Page 58 of 59 Cultural Resoutrce Assessment Sutney Work Planfor the Turkey Point Units 6 & 7 Associated Linear Facilities

June 2009

Weaver, Paul L. III, Historic Property Associates, Inc., and Pappas Associates, Inc. 1996 Model Guidelines for Design Review: A Guide for Developing Standardsfor Historic Rehabilitationon FloridaCommunities. Florida Department of State, Division of Historic Resources, Tallahassee.

White, William A. 1970 The Geomorphology of the Florida Peninsula. Geological Bulletin No. 51, Bureau of Geology, State of Florida Department of Natural Resources.

Whitehead, P. R. 1973 Late Wisconsin Vegetational Changes in Unglaciated Eastern North America. QuaternaryResearch 3:621-631.

Widmer, Randolph J. 1983 The Evolution of the Calusa, a Non-agricultural Chiefdom on the Southwest Florida Coast. Ph.D. dissertation on file, Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University.

Wright, Leitch J. 1986 Creeks and Seminoles, Destruction and Regeneration of the Muscogulgee People. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln.

54 Proposed Turkey Point Units 6 and 7 Docket Nos. 52-040 and 52-041 L-2011-095 Attachment 1 Enclosure 4 Page 59 of 59

Attachment 1: Location of Previously Recorded Archaeological Sites, Site Potential Zones and National Historic Landmark within Associated Linear Facilities Illustrated on a 2004 Aerial

NOTE: Figures I through 4 have been removed in accordance with the rules of confidentiality pursuant to The National Historic Preservation Act.