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Ju[y 2002 Issue 14

HM Lord-Lieutenant of (Mrs Sarah Goad JP) with

The High Sheriff of Surrey ( Miss Penelope Keith OBE) is in

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in it Lloyds. Peter had to do some fancy footwork as he was informed by the organisers only a few days before the visit that there was no record of any arrangements of the visit. However all was well on the day and the party had to be broken up into very small groups as a security measure resulting from the September jjth tragedy but it did mean that it was easier to ask questions and have them answered. It was sadly necessary to cancel the visit to Wakehurst Place in May as only 22 people had booked and, at this level, the Friends would have lost money: There are more outings planned for which you will all have received details, so please do make bookings. The committee is aware that the cost of these outings has risen and the organisers do their very best to control the cost whilst maintaining the level of content and comfort that has come to be expected. The surplus from these outings raise half of the money we generate for the museum. In February Heather Anderson again arranged a Skittles Lunch at which the loyal and dedicated band of members continued to improve their technique! At the Friends open evening, also in February, some 35 members heard from Matthew of the latest situation regarding the plans for the refurbishment of the display facilities for which a supplier had been chosen and who had been recommended to the Borough Council. At this event members were also able to see a fine selection of floor tiles from Chertsey, Waverley and Newark Abbeys and a modest sample of the museum’s important, indeed unique, collection of Border Ware for which substantial funds are needed for the compilation of a definitive catalogue. More village walks are planned this year, led once again by Jackie Malyon, and the first to Limpsfield took place in May. Also in May Jill Buist led a themed and leisurely five mile walk around Guildford, re establishing a type of event that took place a few years ago. In December last year we responded, together with , to a request from Margaret Honey, the south east regional organiser for the British Association of Friends of Museums, to host the annual regional meeting in April. Plans were made, speakers invited and the Guildhall booked but most unfortunately there was a very poor response from delegates wishing to attend and so the event had to be cancelled. All those involved in the planning were disappointed as it would have been a good opportunity to raise the regional

Page 4 profile of the museum, but I am happy to be able to say that no costs were involved.

Finally I would like again to take the opportunity to thank all of you who work so hard to make the Friends the successful organisation that it is. We do need to keep up the good work and to maintain our target of generating at least £4000 each year for our museum. Please remember to speak of the Friends to your family and acquaintances and encourage them to join us either as members or on the outings we organise. I wish you all a very pleasant summer and happy holidays!

Richard Sinker Hon. Secretary. ‘ 01483-502207

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expenses supplies for the museum. £5440 was spent in the year.

Expenditure in 2000 was much more modest at £565 which covered a very interesting painting of Milimead House and a rare model of a TR2 sports ear made by Victory Industries, formerly of Stoughton.

2001 was another high spending year with £4500 being used for the purchase of the complete inventory of a Victorian schoolroom. A 1950’s Dennis lawnmower was restored, using parts from another similar machine, and decked in its fine original livery for £1 361. A much needed facelift was given to the entrance to the Undercroft by way of new and more visible signs. Also the cost of radiocarbon dating of the museum’s dugout boat was agreed. No less than £7692 was spent during the year!

And finally in 2002 a commitment has been made for £1000 towards the cataloguing of the large amount of green and white Border Ware in the museum’s collection. This represents only a very minor part of the total cost of undertaking the work on this important and indeed unique collection.

Richard Sinker Hon. Secretary.

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tour 01483 Conference a Tour Visit SKITTLESCHAMPIONS The victorious “Blue Team” led by Richard Williams receive the trophy from our Chairman Heather Anderson at the GrantleyArms,Wonersh. See Secretaries Letter page 4

send a cheque with the appropriate subscription to Mr T.C.Bryers, Friends of Guildford Museum, 2 Southbury, Lawn Road, Guildford, GU2 5DD

I Subscription rates for 2002/2003 I

I Individual £6 Family £12 Youth £3 I

I Corporate £25 Individual Life £100 I

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I I Honorary Freemen Billand Doreen Bellerby exercise their right to drive sheep over the Town Bridge without payment of tolls.

Bill Bellerby who has retired from the committee is a great friend to all of us and to say he will be missed is an understatement. In grateful recognition of his many valuable contributions to the well being of the Friends since its inauguration in 1995, Heather Anderson , our outgoing Chairman, presented Bill, at the AGM on 22 May 2002, with a document creating him an Honorary Member of the Friends. As a founder member of the committee, he held the function of Vice Chairman continuously until stepping down in 2001. The committee has benefited greatly from his insights into the ways of Guiildford Borough Council and from his many years of wide experience in the life and history of our town.

MEW MEMBERS

We are delighted to welcome the following new members to our Association and look forward to meeting them at the functions.

Mr & Mrs A Dewhurst Miss R Morton Mrs A Bowerman Mrs M Sacre Miss L Courtney Mrs C Barnes Miss D Austin Mrs J Rawlinson Miss S Keen Mrs J Hilderley Mrs R Boulding Corporate Member (Textile Conservation Centre, Hampton Court Palace

Page 14

temptation

for

these

There

closed

and

of

Air

University Grammar

instance, ancient

Several Curator,

under

Many

Have

agreeable.

the

cleared

into through

perseverance the

never

other

and take

general

Lordship doubtless closed

We

From

children

Sainsbury’s

Raid

has

last

venerable

the are

neither

an

probably

are

day

any

ttrttp

people

Guildford

penetrated

is

tunnels

as

since

tunnel

four

public.

Matthew

the

early

caverns

in

requested

School

shelters

out

would

tunnels

however

for

and

to

of

has

after

to

Racks

a

months.

many

been experiments.

describe

tell

you

bbcrticr

play

shown

to

expressed

loss

Recorder

opportunity

really

predate

and

been

but

It

refuse

The

High

in

that

and

Alexander

under

and

need

me

in

make

Close, caverns

walked

filled

the

or

on.

this

caves passages

to

does

the

reported.

There

by

permit

that

Street injury

the

he

what

Castle

the

Upper state

the

Victorian

not

of

was Allen

in.

Corporal

May

great

which

Page

a spoke

last

exist

exist

caverns

of

through

the

There

castle.

they

underneath

be

caverns

is

would

to

has

walk

that

but

viewing

only

their

1st

High

15

and

an

war

House

supposed

Borough

pleasure

himself.

Lord

around

under

is

most

have

lecturers

promised

1869

do

excellent

is

Caverns

the

Maidenhead

to

The

a

be

Street.

themselves

through

and

rooms being

another

as

delightful

tunnels

Grantley

they

obtain

them

the

grounds

highly

a

Castle

walked

the

(submitted

entrance,

the

visited

His

great

dungeons

and

more

for

High

thrown

These

exist?

could

town. which

to

Castle

passage

himself

Lordship’s

tunnel a

building

wonder

of

them

under

eat boon

Caverns

has

piece

through

recently

moment

just

Street.

the

and

the

are

There

not

were

now

Our

the

his

by

grounds

open

and

promised

caverns

energy

to

to

behind and

his

sufficiently

sufficiently

Guildford?

new

in

of

resist

Ron

materials

hat

securely

the

sun

the

Museum

used

brother,

passing

that

are,

tunnels

are

ground

torture

men

by

he

to

made

Hill)

if

town

rear

and

and

had

the

the

the

will

the

the

for

not

his

an

as

in to chambers. They wove ghoulish stories about prisoners being tortured on the rack. Good stories but not true as Racks Close derives its name from the woollen industry which was strong in Guildford and the surrounding area in mediaeval times. The woollen cloth after it had been dyed blue was stitched onto hooks on a rack so that it was kept in shape as it dried. The hooks were called tenterhooks or tenterpins and they have given their name to an expression in our language. But back to our caverns. They are thought to predate the Castle and are man made. The chalk that was dug out may have been used for building St Mary’s Church, the Castle and other buildings in the town. As you know chalk can be soft but sometimes a vein of harder chalk is found which is good for building. In Guildford this vein ran under the Castle grounds and was excavated in mediaeval times or maybe earlier resulting in eight caverns being formed ranging in size from 33 to 105 feet long and about 20 feet wide. The caverns lie parallel with each other and about 10 feet of chalk has been left between the caverns to support the roof. This must have been a major engineering feat at the time especially as they had no electric light to guide them.

In the early 1800’s Guiidford prison was condemned and a -new prison built just above the Castle Grounds. The Governors Thouse known as South Hall still stands. Round about 1830 the Governor ordered several convicts to dig a well in his garden. There was no chance of the men escaping he thought since his house and garden were inside the prison walls. A short time later the men were no where to be seen. The warders were certain no one had escaped. They went to where the men had been digging and found that their hole had broken through into the caverns below from whence they made their escape. The caverns were then sealed up and although the prison closed a few years later when Wandsworth Gaol opened, it was not until 1868 when Captain James of the Royal Engineers was asked by the town council to survey the caverns that they were entered again. This must have been quite an event. Several workmen gave their services free and tools were provided by Filmer and Masons Iron Works. Others stood by with tallow candles and oH lamps. After some time they managed to open up a small hole into one of the caverns and most of the

Page 16 workmen went through. However a former Mayor Mr Upperton was not going to miss the opportunity to go inside. He was however a man rather fond of his food and consequently rather larger than those who had gone before. Well he got stuck in the entrance hole and delighted the crowd with his wriggling antics.lt was not until the workmen inside pulled and the crowd outside pushed that Mr Upperton arrived inside.

If the caverns have been there for hundreds of years what were they used for? There are many references in royal documents to wine being sent to Guildford Cstle, not the odd bottle or two but tuns of it. Indeed a large barrel holding 216 gallons of Wine is described as a tun. Enough to turn the garrison blotto. On the 1St January 1227 thirty tuns of wine arrived at Southampton for the King and three were ordered to be delivered to Guildford. Nine months later a further three were delivered from Southampton and two more brought over from Winchester. Wow what a party that must have been. Two months later the King had moved to Winchester where supplies must have been low for he sent to Guildford for five tuns of Gascony wine. Twelve years later 15 tuns of wine was sent to the cellars at . It cost about 36 shillings a cask, cost 7 shillings to transport from Southampton and a further shilling to load and unload. Well the king had to store it somewhere, so could it have been in the caverns?

ENLAnGED PLAN Eric Morgan or CAV iN S.

Map of Caverns

Page 17 i I

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