Transcriptome Analysis of the Almond Moth, Cadra
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The Dietetics of the Caterpillars of Three Ephestia Species, E. Kuehniella, E. Elutella, and E. Cautella, and of a Closely Related Species, Plodia Interpunctella
[ 162] THE DIETETICS OF THE CATERPILLARS OF THREE EPHESTIA SPECIES, E. KUEHNIELLA, E. ELUTELLA, AND E. CAUTELLA, AND OF A CLOSELY RELATED SPECIES, PLODIA INTERPUNCTELLA BY G. FRAENKEL AND M. BLEWETT, Department of Zoology and Applied Entomology, Imperial College, London, S'.W. 7 {Received 14 November 1945) (With Twelve Text-figures) In the course of a previous analysis of the dietetics of great number of individual tests it was not found several insects found on dried foods (Fraenkel & practicable to grow each caterpillar singly. Each test Blewett, 1943 a), it was discovered that the larva of was performed with twenty larvae. When the larvae Ephestia kuehnieUa, which normally feeds on flour, were fully grown and started wandering, a strip of grew badly, unlike the larvae of several beetles, 00 corrugated paper, about 2x1 in., was inserted into artificial diets consisting of casein, glucose, cholesterol each tube. Most larvae of the three Ephestia species, and salts and the moths failed to emerge. Later the but not of Plodia, pupated in the folds of the corru- investigation was extended to E. elutella, which is gated paper. By holding the papers toward the light known to infest such divergent materials as grain, it was possible to distinguish the darker and shorter tobacco, cacao beans and dried fruit. E. elutella grew pupa from the larva, and this method had also the fairly well on artificial diets, but again the moths additional advantage that the dates of pupation could failed to emerge from the pupae. Here the work was be marked on the papers. Plodia pupated inside the held up until it was discovered that Ephestia required, food and not in papers, which made it impossible to for successful growth and metamorphosis, fat- observe the date of pupation. -
Reporting Service 1999, No
EPPO Reporting Service Paris, 1999-04-01 Reporting Service 1999, No. 4 CONTENTS 99/054 - Surveys on Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and Ralstonia solanacearum in Germany 99/055 - Surveys on potato ring rot and brown rot in Finland 99/056 - Isolated finding of ring rot in Dutch potato crop 99/057 - Details on the situation of several quarantine pests in Hungary in 1998 99/058 - Situation of Erwinia amylovora in Hungary in 1998 99/059 - First report of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in Cyprus 99/060 - First report of Bactrocera zonata in Egypt 99/061 - Bactrocera dorsalis occurs in Java, Indonesia 99/062 - Unaspis citri occurs in Yemen 99/063 - Pissodes nemorensis present in Asia 99/064 - Establishment potential of Diabrotica virgifera in the Netherlands 99/065 - First finding of Colletotrichum acutatum in Austria 99/066 - Situation of cherry little cherry 'closterovirus' in British Columbia, Canada 99/067 - Pitch canker disease: Fusarium circinatum (F. subglutinans f.sp. pini) 99/068 - IPPC Secretariat Web site 99/069 - Volume 1 of revised EPPO Standards: guidelines for the efficacy evaluation of plant protection products is now available 99/070 - New book: Catalogue of Palaearctic Coccoidea 99/071 - EPPO report on selected intercepted consignments EPPO Reporting Service 99/054 Surveys on Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and Ralstonia solanacearum in Germany The NPPO of Germany has recently informed the EPPO Secretariat of the results of surveys carried out for Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and Ralstonia solanacearum (both EPPO A2 quarantine pests) on the 1997 potato harvest and part of the 1998 harvest. • Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. -
Ephestia Welseriella and Delplanqueia Inscriptella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Phycitinae), New to the Belgian Fauna
Ephestia welseriella and Delplanqueia inscriptella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae, Phycitinae), new to the Belgian fauna Dan Slootmaekers, Chris Snyers & Steve Wullaert Abstract. In 2015 and 2016 several specimens of Ephestia welseriella (Zeller, 1848) were trapped in Rochefort and three specimens of Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1837) were found at Han-sur-Lesse (both Namur, Belgium). These are the first records of these species in Belgium. Information on the geographical distribution and biology of both species is provided as well as an examination of the genitalia of D. inscriptella. Samenvatting. In 2015 en 2016 werden enkele exemplaren van Ephestia welseriella (Zeller, 1848) gevangen te Rochefort (Namen, België) en drie exemplaren van Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1837) werden gevonden te Han-sur-Lesse (beide Namen, België). Het is de eerste keer dat deze soorten in België werden waargenomen. Informatie over de geografische verspreiding en de biologie van beide soorten wordt gegeven samen met een beschrijving van de genitalia van D. inscriptella. Résumé. En 2015 et 2016 quelques exemplaires d’Ephestia welseriella (Zeller, 1848) ont été capturés à Rochefort et trois exemplaires de Delplanqueia inscriptella (Duponchel, 1837) ont été trouvés à Han-sur-Lesse (les deux Namur, Belgique). Il s'agît des premières mentions de ces espèces en Belgique. Des informations concernant la distribution géographique et la biologie des deux espèces sont fournies ainsi qu’une investigation des genitalia de D. inscriptella. Key words: Ephestia welseriella – Delplanqueia inscriptella – Faunistics – Lepidoptera– New record – Belgium. Slootmaekers D.: Kinderwelzijnstraat 41, 2920 Kalmthout. [email protected] Snyers C.: Rendierstraat 14/2, 2610 Wilrijk. [email protected] Wullaert S.: Sint-Jorisstraat 24, 3583 Paal. -
Influence of a Diet Containing Tobacco on the Biology of Ephestia Kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and Its Parasitoid Habrobr
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGYENTOMOLOGY ISSN (online): 1802-8829 Eur. J. Entomol. 117: 190–198, 2020 http://www.eje.cz doi: 10.14411/eje.2020.020 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Infl uence of a diet containing tobacco on the biology of Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) CLEDER PEZZINI 1, 2, SIMONE MUNDSTOCK JAHNKE 1 and ANDREAS KÖHLER 2 1 Laboratory of Biological Control of Insects, Faculty of Agronomy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Laboratory of Entomology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC), Avenida Independência, 2293, Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; e-mail: [email protected] Key words. Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Habrobracon hebetor, Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Ephestia kuehniella, biological control, ectoparasitoid, stored products, artifi cial diet, Nicotiana tabacum Abstract. Host diet often infl uences its biological parameters and the success of their parasitoids, both in mass rearing, fi eld research and parasitism in applied biological control programs. Habrobracon hebetor (Say, 1836) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is an important biological control agent of the fl our moth Ephestia kuehniella (Zeller, 1879) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), which infests tobacco, grain and other products in storage. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different proportions of tobacco in artifi cial diets on the biological parameters of the host E. kuehniella and its parasitoid H. hebetor. Four classes of Virginia tobacco with dif- ferent sugar and nicotine concentrations were added to fl our diets for moths in different percentages (5, 10 and 15%).The experi- mental design was completely randomized in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme (percentage of dietary tobacco × class of tobacco). -
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ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN ET MEDITERRANEENNE PLANT PROTECTION POUR LA PROTECTION DES PLANTES ORGANIZATION EPPO Reporting Service NO. 10 PARIS, 2015-10 CONTENTS ______________________________________________________________________ Pests & Diseases 2015/180 - Xylella fastidiosa detected in Alpes-Maritimes, mainland France 2015/181 - Xylella fastidiosa detected in Coffea spp. plants imported into Switzerland 2015/182 - Ralstonia solanacearum (race 1) detected in Rosa in the Netherlands 2015/183 - Surveys on potato bacteria in Karelia and Arkangelsk, Northern Russia 2015/184 - First report of Anoplophora glabripennis in Finland 2015/185 - Anoplophora glabripennis found in the canton of Aargau, Switzerland 2015/186 - Anoplophora chinensis eradicated from Denmark 2015/187 - Bactrocera latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae): addition to the EPPO Alert List 2015/188 - First report of Neophyllaphis podocarpi in Spain 2015/189 - First report of Sipha flava in Spain 2015/190 - Meloidogyne fallax detected in sports turf in the United Kingdom 2015/191 - Hymenoscyphus fraxineus found for the first time in Emilia-Romagna region (IT) 2015/192 - Outbreak of Lecanosticta acicola in Tyrol, Austria 2015/193 - First report of Sirococcus tsugae in the United Kingdom 2015/194 - Tomato ringspot virus detected in Punica granatum in Italy 2015/195 - EPPO report on notifications of non-compliance CONTEN TS _________________________________________________________________________ Invasive Plants 2015/196 - How environmental managers perceive invasive species issues 2015/197 - Plant invasions and the microbial community 2015/198 - Internet trade in invasive plants 2015/199 - Two alien species of Bidens (Asteraceae) new to the flora of Serbia 2015/200 - Agastache rugosa (Lamiaceae), a new casual alien in the flora of Poland 2015/201 - 9th Neobiota Conference on Biological Invasions (Vianden, LU, 2016-09-14/17) 21 Bld Richard Lenoir Tel: 33 1 45 20 77 94 E-mail: [email protected] 75011 Paris Fax: 33 1 70 76 65 47 Web: www.eppo.int EPPO Reporting Service 2015 no. -
A Pheromone-Baited Trap for Monitoring the Indian Meal Moth, Plodia Interpunctella (Hu¨ Bner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Michael A
Journal of Stored Products Research 37 (2001) 231–235 A pheromone-baited trap for monitoring the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hu¨ bner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Michael A. Mullen*, Alan K. Dowdy USDA-ARS, Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA Accepted 22 May 2000 Abstract A pheromone-baited trap was developed to monitor the Indian meal moth in grocery stores and similar areas where visible traps are not desirable. The trap can be used under shelves and against walls. As a shelf mount, the trap is in close proximity to the food packages and may capture emerging insects before they mate. The trap can also be used as a hanging trap similar to the Pherocon II. When used as a shelf or wall mount, it was as effective as the Pherocon II, but when used as a hanging trap significantly fewer insects were captured. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Insect detection; Stored-product insects; Insect monitoring 1. Introduction Monitoring of pest populations is essential for a successful integrated pest management program (IPM). The development of synthetic insect pheromones and food attractants has given the food industry a highly effective tool for early detection of insect infestation. The use of pheromone-baited traps to monitor insect populations offers several advantages over visual inspections. Traps work 24 h a day and 7 days a week. Maintenance of traps is simple and requires regular inspections to record the numbers and species of insects caught, to clean traps and replace lures. Tolerances for insects established by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for processed foods are low and the FDA now encourages the use of insect traps in pest management programs (Mueller, 1998). -
Detection of Stored Products Pests by Pheromone Traps in Seven Warehouses in Luanda/Angola
General Session on Stored Grain Protection PS10-6 - 6335 Detection of stored products pests by pheromone traps In seven warehouses in Luanda/Angola R. Pacavira1, *, O. Mata1, A. Manuel1, A.P. Pereira2, A. Mexia3 Abstract Introduction The detection of arthropods species was conducted in seven warehouses containing The trade globalisation of the food industry several stored food products, namely, rice, maize has presented a new challenge in the food security flour, wheat flour, beans, pasta and sugar, and in guarantee. The storage of food products has a milling factory that processed rice, dried constituted the fulcrum of the food security for cassava and maize, located in the Luanda region, the populations, guaranteeing their access to in Angola. During storage the main effect of the sufficient, safe and nutritious food (Pacavira, activity of arthropods species on food products 2004). is related to the damage they cause and the The main arthropods species considered reduction of product quantity and quality that can stored-food pests are cosmopolitan in lead to the rejection of contaminated lots. distribution, with a range extending from the The arthropods species recorded in the survey tropics to temperate areas. The dispersal of are mentioned. A total of 27 arthropods species storage species is due to evolutionary adaptations including insects and arachnids were identified. (morphological, physiological, and behavioural) The insects species Sitophilus zeamais and also to the actions of man, who carried them Motschulsky, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and around the world through commercial exchanges Ephestia cautella (Walker) were common to the (Pereira, 1998). seven warehouses and in the milling factory, In tropical areas of the world insects are the while Ahasverus advena (Waltl) and main sources of stored products deterioration Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) were found in causing significant quantitative and qualitative the seven examined warehouses. -
Effect of Extreme Low and High Temperatures on the Almond Moth, Ephestia Cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
Journal of Phytopathology and Pest Management 2(1): 36-46, 2015 pISSN:2356-8577 eISSN: 2356-6507 Journal homepage: http://ppmj.net/ Effect of extreme low and high temperatures on the almond moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Y. A. Darwish1*, A. M. Ali1, R. A. Mohamed2, N. M. Khalil2 1 Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt 2 Plant Protection Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Abstract The different immature stages of the almond moth, Ephestia cautella (Walker) were exposed to low temperature of -5ºC for different exposure times. Exposure of eggs to 240 to 360 minutes is sufficient to achieve 100% mortality for this stage. Exposed early larval instar to -5ºC for 180 minutes is sufficient to achieve 100% mortality. Exposure of the late larval instars to 300 and/or 360 minutes is effective to achieve a complete mortality for the late larval instars of the pest. The calculated LT50 and LT95 were 113.73 and 208.64 minutes. Exposure of pupae to 300 minutes or more is effective to get a complete mortality for the pupal stage. High temperatures of 45º, 50º, 55º and 60ºC were tested against egg, late larval instars and pupal stages of E. cautella. Mortality tended to be increased with the increasing of temperature and exposure time. Exposure time for more than one hour at 45ºC, 15 minutes at 50ºC and 10 minutes at 55ºC were more effective and led to more than 95% mortality for the egg stage of E. cautella. Exposure of the late larval instars for more than 97.22, 72.17, 17.65 minutes at 45, 50 and 55ºC is sufficient to achieve more than 95% mortality for the late larval instars as indicated by LT values. -
Indianmeal Moth, Plodia Interpunctella (Hübner) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)1 Thomas R
EENY-026 Indianmeal Moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)1 Thomas R. Fasulo and Marle A. Knox2 Introduction Larvae The Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner), is a There are five to seven larval instars. Their color is usually very common household pest, feeding principally on stored off-white, but has been observed to be pink, brown, or food products. In fact, it has been called the most impor- almost greenish, depending on the food source. The mature tant pest of stored products commonly found in American larvae are about 1.27 cm in length. They have five pairs of homes or grocery stores. The larvae are general feeders, well-developed prolegs that help them move considerable which may feed on grain products, seeds, dried fruit, dog distances to pupate. food, and spices. The Indianmeal moth received its com- mon name from the United States where it was found to be a pest of meal made of “Indian corn” or maize. Distribution This insect is found in a wide range of climates in stored products and food storage facilities around the world. It is very common in Florida, where it also lives successfully outdoors. Description Eggs Eggs of the Indianmeal moth appear grayish-white and range in length from 0.3 to 0.5 mm. Eggs are oviposited singly or in clusters, and are generally laid directly on the larval food source. Figure 1. Larva of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner). Credits: Lyle Buss, UF/IFAS 1. This document is EENY-026, one of a series of the Department of Entomology and Nematology, UF/IFAS Extension. -
Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in a Wind Tunnel
Cross-attraction of Five Species of Stored-product Phycitinae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in a Wind Tunnel P L PHELAN AND T C BAKER Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521 Environ Entomol 15: 369-372 (1986) ABSTRACT Sharing of the sex-pheromone communication channel by five species of P~Y- citine moths was measured in a wind tunnel Overall, male pheromonal response was char- acterized both by high levels of interspecific attraction and broad overlap in the circadian periods of male response, with attraction to nonconspecific females 75%of that to conspe- cifics, on average Cadra cautella (Walker),Plodia interpunctella (HCbner), and Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) males demonstrated high levels of upwind-flight response throughout an 8-h scotophase P interpunctella and A kuehniella males responded to nonconspecific fe- males at levels that were as high as to conspecifics Ephestia elutella (HCbner) males showed the greatest level of response discrimination with the probability of flight to nonconspecific females only 41%of that to conspecific females, although relative importance of pheromonal differences and temporal effects could not be determined Poor reproductive isolation by long-distance parameters points to a greater reliance on less efficient short-range mecha- nisms, such as courtship and male pheromones Significance of these findings to current thought concerning evolution of reproductive isolating mechanisms is considered DESPITETHE APPARENT limited number of com- Analysis of male response to -
The Microlepidoptera Section 1 Limacodidae Through Cossidae
The University of Maine DigitalCommons@UMaine Technical Bulletins Maine Agricultural and Forest Experiment Station 8-1-1983 TB109: A List of the Lepidoptera of Maine--Part 2: The icrM olepidoptera Section 1 Limacodidae Through Cossidae Auburn E. Brower Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin Part of the Entomology Commons Recommended Citation Brower, A.E. 1983. A list of the Lepidoptera of Maine--Part 2: The icrM olepidoptera Section 1 Limacodidae through Cossidae. Maine Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Bulletin 109. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@UMaine. It has been accepted for inclusion in Technical Bulletins by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UMaine. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A LIST OF THE LEPIDOPTERA OF MAINE Part 2 THE MICROLEPIDOPTERA Section I LIMACODIDAE THROUGH COSSIDAE Auburn E. Brower A JOINT PUBLICATION OF THE MAINE DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION Maine Forest Service Division of Entomology, Augusta, Maine and the DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY. ORONO Maine Agricultural Experiment Station August 198! Representatives of the Diverse Groups of Included Microlepidoptera 1 Slug moth 2 Pyralid moth 3 Argyrid moth 4 Plume moth 5 Bell moth 6 Cosmopterygid moth 7 Gelechiid moth 8 Ethmiid moth 9 Gracilariid moth 10 Glyphipterygid moth 11 Aegeriid moth Inquiries regarding this bulletin may be sent to: Dr. Auburn E. Brower 8 Hospital Street Augusta, Maine 04330 A LIST OF THE LEPIDOPTERA OF MAINE Part 2 THE MICROLEPIDOPTERA Section I LIMACODIDAE THROUGH COSSIDAE Auburn E. Brower A JOINT PUBLICATION OF THE MAINE DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATION Maine Forest Service Division of Entomology, Augusta, Maine and the DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY. -
5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities
5 Biology, Behavior, and Ecology of Pests in Other Durable Commodities Peter A. Edde Marc Eaton Stephen A. Kells Thomas W. Phillips Introduction biology, behavior, and ecology of the common insect pests of stored durable commodities. Physical ele- Other durable commodities of economic importance ments defined by the type of storage structure, insect besides dry grains include tobacco, spices, mush- fauna, and interrelationships in the storage environ- rooms, seeds, dried plants, horticultural and agro- ment are also discussed. nomic seeds, decorative dried plants, birdseed, dry pet foods, and animal products such as dried meat and fish, fishmeal, horns, and hooves. Similar to dry Life Histories grains, these commodities are typically maintained and Behavior at such low moisture levels that preserving quality by minimizing insect damage can be a significant chal- lenge. Stored commodities may become infested at the processing plant or warehouse, in transit, at the store, or at home. Many arthropod pests of stored commodities are relatively abundant outdoors, but natural host plants before preadaptation to stored products remain unknown. Capable of long flight, they migrate into unprotected warehouses. Adults (larvae) crawl through seams and folds or chew into sealed packages and multiply, diminishing product quality and quantity. Infestations may spread within a manufacturing facility through electrical conduit Figure 1. Adult of the cigarette beetle, Lasioderma serricorne and control panels. (F.), 2 to 4 mm long (from Bousquet 1990). The type of pest observed on a stored product Cigarette Beetle Lasioderma depends on the commodity, but some insects vary widely in their food preferences and may infest a Serricorne (F.) wide range of commodities.