TABLE OF CONTENTS

ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Chapter 1. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE Rationale of the Plan

Chapter 2. BRIEF PROFILE OF Geographical Location Topography Climate and Rainfall Disaster Vulnerability Population Rivers and Creeks Geology Coastal Resources Poverty Incidence Peace and Order Situation

Chapter 3. LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLANNING FRAMEWORK Planning Framework Planning Approach

Chapter 4. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS Climate related hazards and their impact to LGU Flooding Rain Induced landslide Storm Surge Ground shaking Liquefaction Tsunami Typhoon (Strong Winds)

Climate Change Related Hazards Vulnerability Analysis Population Vulnerable to Flood Built-up Areas Vulnerable to Floods Agricultural Areas Vulnerable to Flooding Critical Infrastructures Vulnerable to Flooding Vulnerability to Sea Surface Temperature Increase Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise

CROSS-SECTORAL VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS ECONOMIC SECTOR

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Crop Production Areas Vulnerable to Flooding Crop Production Areas Vulnerable to Drought

HEALTH SECTOR Dengue Vulnerability Gastroenteritis Vulnerability Water Supply Vulnerable to Storm Surge, Typhoon and Flooding

Adaptive Capacity Analysis

Chapter 5. LCCAP GOALS AND OBJECTIVES Goals Objectives

Chapter 6. LGU’S CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION INITIATIVES FOR THE PLANNING PERIOD Flooding Sea level rise Storm Surge Sea Surface Temperature Increase Drought/Dry Spells Typhoon with Strong Winds

Chapter 7. PROJECT FINANCING National Government Funding Municipal Funding Other Sources of Funding

Chapter 8. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION

ANNEXES Maps

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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

BDRRMC – Disaster Risk Reduction Management Committee CC - Climate Change CCA - Climate Change Adaptation CCC - Climate Change Commission CCVI - Climate Change Vulnerability Index CDP – Comprehensive Development Plan CLUP – Comprehensive Land Use Plan CRM – Coastal Resource Management DA - Department of Agriculture DENR - Department of Environment and Natural Resources DepEd - Department of Education DILG - Department of Interior and Local Government DOST - Department of Science and Technology DPWH – Department of Public Works and Highways DRR - Disaster Risk Reduction DRRM - Disaster Risk Reduction and Management IEC - Information and Education Campaign MDC – Municipal Development Council LCCAP – Local Climate Change Action Plan LCE – Local Chief Executive MDRRMC – Municipal Risk Reduction and Management Council MDRRMO – Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office MDRRMP – Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan MEO – Municipal Engineer’s Office MENRO – Municipal Environment and Natural Resources Office MPDO – Municipal Planning and Development Office MSWDO – Municipal Social Welfare and Development Office NCCAP - National Climate Change Action Plan NGA – National Government Agency NGO - Non-Government Organization PNP – Philippine National Police SB –

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 iii

Chapter 1. BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE

Rationale of the Plan

Article II, Section 16 of the Constitution of the states that “the state shall protect and promote the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.”

In response to this provision and in urgency for action on climate change, the Philippines passed Republic Act 9729, also known as the Climate Change Act of 2009, to fulfil human needs while maintaining the quality of the natural environment for current and future generations. RA 9729 provides, among others the following:

 Establishment of a Climate Change Commission, an independent and autonomous body that has the same status as that of a national government agency. The CCC is under the Office of the President and is the “sole policy-making body of the government which shall be tasked to coordinate, monitor and evaluate the programs and action plans of the government relating to climate change pursuant to the provisions of this Act.”

 The Commission shall be composed of the President of the Republic of the Philippines who shall serve as the Chairman, and three (3) Commissioners to be appointed by the President, one of whom shall serve as the Vice Chairperson of the Commission.

 The LGUs as frontline agencies in the formulation, planning and implementation of climate change action plans in their respective areas, shall formulate their Local Climate Change Action Plan, consistent with the provisions of the Local Government Code, the Framework, and the National Climate Change Action Plan.

 Inter-local government unit collaboration shall be maximized in the conduct of climate- related activities.

Additionally RA 10121, the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction Management Act aim to raise public consciousness in order to meet the challenges of organization, coordination and systematic responses to natural disasters and their related consequences. The goal is to build the adaptive capacity of communities and increase the resilience of natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development.

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 1

The Municipality of Belison Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) 2015-2025 is anchored on the National Climate change Action Plan (NCCAP) which was adopted in April 2010 and which outlines the country’s agenda for adaptation and mitigation for 2011 to 2028. The drafting of this plan involved multi- sectoral processes to ensure that the concerns of various sectors are heard and considered and to comprehensively address the challenges of climate change. Public financing will prioritize adaptation to reduce vulnerability and risks of populations particularly the marginalized poor. At the same time, this plan will provide a policy environment that will encourage the participation of the private sector to optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development. Consistent with the Framework, the ultimate goal is to build the adaptive capacities of women and men in their communities, increase the resilience of vulnerable sectors and natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards gender responsive and rights-based sustainable development. As discerned by it national counterpart, the Municipality of Belison Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP) 2015-2025 will start its implementation after the municipality has finished its vulnerability assessment that was undertaken by the help of Peace Corps. The plan outlines the specific programs and strategies for adaptation and mitigation for 2015 to 2025 and provides specific actions that increases adaptive capacity and resilience of the population and natural ecosystems to climate change, adopts the total economic valuation of natural resources while ensuring biodiversity conservation, and recognizes the competitive advantage of putting value on the direct use, indirect use, option to use and non-use of environment and natural resources, as a short to long-term sustainable development goal.

The Municipality of Belison LCCAP is designed with the following work priorities and targeted outcomes: 1. Food Security - ensure availability, stability, accessibility, and affordability of safe and healthy food amidst climate change. 2. Environmental and Ecological Stability - Ecosystem resilience and environmental stability during the plan period is focused on achieving one immediate outcome: the protection and rehabilitation of critical ecosystems, and the restoration of ecological services. 3. Human Security - To reduce the risks of human especially the vulnerable sectors to climate change and disasters. 4. Knowledge and Capacity Development - The priorities of the this LCCAP as anchored in the NCCAP in terms of knowledge and capacity development capacity for climate change adaptation, mitigation and disaster risk reduction at knowledge management accessible to all sectors at the national and local levels. Chapter 2. BRIEF PROFILE OF BELISON

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Geographical Location

A small town in the southern part of coastal , the Municipality of Belison was established March 10, 1961, by Presidential Executive Order No. 421, the 18th municipality of the Province of Antique. The smallest and the youngest municipality of the province, it is composed of 11 barangays: Borocboroc, Buenavista, Concepcion, Delima, Ipil, Maradiona, Mojon, , Rombang, Salvacion and Sinaja.

Geographically, Belison is located between 10o 3’ 25” and 10o 7’ 55” latitude and 121o 11’ 19” and 122o 3’ 49” longitude with a total land area of 1,978.3042 hectares.The municipality is bounded on the east and southeast by the municipality of , on the south by the municipality of San Jose, on the north by the municipality of and to the west by Cuyo East Pass and the . Belison is 15km north of , the capital town of the Province of Antique.

Topography

The Municipality of Belison is a mixture of flat and hilly terrain. Based in slope 1,649.3042 has. or 83.37% is considered as lowland or with relatively flat to undulating slope and 329 has. or 16.63% is considered upland. The hilly and mountainous portion of Belison is located on the east composing two barangays, the barangay Buenavista, located on mountaintop and Mojon located on hilly area. The Sulu Sea, which is the western adjacent water body of Belison, is sufficiently deep near the coastline for big ships as evidenced by a survey of this area by the Philippine Coast Guard. The southern part of Belison is traversed from east to west by the , the biggest in the province.

Climate and Rainfall

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 3

Belison has a warm climate with 2 seasons – the dry and the wet or rainy seasons. Dry season begins from December and ends in May. Though moderate rains occur within this period, especially in May, the rainy season is from June to November. August is the rainiest month. It has an average of 20 rainy days. The average annual rainfall is 121.93 inches with the greatest precipitation occurring from June to September. No means were applied to determine temperature, but the coldest months of the year are December and January and the warmest are March and April. Moderate winds from the northwest and southeast prevail during most parts of the year.

Disaster Vulnerability

Due to its geographical location, Belison is vulnerable or most prone to disasters and natural calamities. It is most frequently slammed by typhoons and storm surges, as most of its barangays are located near the open sea. As per result from MGB, large extent of the marine lands has worn away towards the sea, and coastal area has regressed by more than 1 kilometer. In terms of landslide susceptibility, the result of the MGB Rapid Field Assessment conducted last September 10, 2008 shows that there are no barangays with high landslide susceptibility. However, in terms of flood susceptibility, seven (7) barangays experience varying degrees of flooding from flood depth of 0.5m up to more than 1m. Belison had also been a victim of dry spells and droughts/El Niño since 1990 to the present which tremendously reduced crop production of farmers. From 1980s to today, Belison has been hardly hit by typhoons – Undang, Nitang, Mameng, Ruping and the latest which seriously damaged mostly of its barangays and submerging into flood waters four of its barangays was typhoon Frank.

Population

The 2015 population of Belison was 13,539 based on the Census of Housing and Population conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), creating a population density of seven (7) people per hectare, with most of that population concentrated in the barangay of Poblacion.

Rivers and Creeks

The Sibalom River, the largest river in Antique dominates the southern border of Belison and represents the gravest threat of natural disaster to the community. The Belison River traversing the barangay of Ipil, Mojonand Poblacion sometimes overflows when heavy torrential rains exist. Also present are the creeks of Maradiona, Sinaja and Ipil. Geology

SOIL TYPE:

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 4

There are 2 general types of soil in the municipality – loam and clay. The types of loam soil present within the municipality are: Magcalon Sandy Loam and Umingan Sandy Loam. Clay soils have the following types: Alimodian Sandy Clay and Sta. Rita Sandy Clay. Undifferentiated Mountain soil and beach sand are also present in the municipality.

ROCK FORMATION: Present of rock slide and outcrop of mudstone are in evidence along the barangay road going to barangay Buenavista. Terracets and extremely jointed mudstone can be observed along slope in barangays Buenavista and Mojon.

LAND FORMS: From rice fields to mountain, Belison has it. The eastern portion is quite hilly but not so mountainous. Mt. Guinobatan is the highest peak present in this site where it deep caves believed to be stretching down through Kotkot (barangay Salvacion today) via underground passages carrying fresh water that wells up in an undersea spring, or sawang, in the open sea . The southern border stretches from east to west, where wide parayan (ricefields), providing ample hunting grounds for white Chinese egrets (tulabong) and a host of ducks. A small body of water, with an area of 7 hectares is located in the western part of the municipality. It would become a sea inlet if a few hundred yards of sand bars were removed. This water body, if developed, could be an ideal site for a port to service passengers or cargo ships and fishing vessels.

Coastal Resources

SHORELINE CHARACTERIZATION SEDIMENT TYPES: The 5.98 kilometer total length of Belison shoreline is covered with 90% fine to medium grained sandy beaches characterized as black heavy high density sand and 10% gravel of different sizes. Coastal erosion was observed at portion of the Poblacion coastal area at approximately 1 km total length intervals.

VEGETATION: The shoreline is mostly inhabited and vegetation covers range from coconut trees to native growing pandan and nipa palm in swampy area. Nipa flourishes and harvested at the mouths of Sinaja and Belison rivers as they greet the sea. Mangroves trees are also present in the wetlands and serve as home for variety of species of crustaceans, and breeding grounds for many fishes.

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MARINE RESOURCES: There were small portion of rocky area underwater where corals are observed within the shore of the municipality as per coastal survey conducted. An estimated total length of 5 ha. of sea grasses were observed along the shore of Maradiona, Borocboroc and Poblacion. A total of 8 spot of corals were also observed in the shore of Maradiona at an area of 10-20 feet of water, a small patches of coral formation were observed. However, fish population and marine life is still active and new life form is already incrusting the eroded logs and trunks of trees and debris caused by previous typhoons.

Poverty Incidence

The data presented in 2009 City and Municipal Level Small Area Poverty Estimates reveals that Belison ranks second to San Jose in the whole Province of Antique with the lowest poverty incidence of 25.8%. In 2015 survey conducted by the National Household Targeting Office (2015 Listahanan Survey), it shows that 25% of the total household belongs to the poor and non-poor category of income.

Peace and Order Situation

Based on the records of Belison MPS from January to December 2016, the total crime volume (TCV) recorded a 222 number of crime incidents. The TCV includes of 89 PNP Blotter and 133 Barangay Blotter. The record registered a 57 index crimes and 165 non-index crimes. The Crime Solution Efficiency (CSE) is 92% while the Crime Clearance Efficiency is 89%.

CHAPTER 3. LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLANNING FRAMEWORK

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Planning Framework

Climate change is linked directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere in addition to natural fluctuations. A complex problem that is difficult to quantify due to its far reaching scope and interconnectedness across many sectoral lines, the best way to plan to deal with the changes brought on by global warming is through building public awareness and overall community organization. The municipality along with the rest of the Philippines must concentrate on ways to adapt, not to try to alter climate change. The changes are due to large scale industrial and economic factors and influences around the globe, the results of which are affecting the Philippines with disproportionate strength. Proper waste disposal and the disuse of the internal combustion machine must be taught and emphasized; however, major changes need to be made elsewhere. Here Belison must concentrate on adjusting to changes that are irrevocable. The municipality’s Climate Change Action Plan is anchored in the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) which was adopted in April 2010 with the following guiding principles:

1. The Framework envisions a climate risk-resilient Belison with healthy, safe, prosperous and self-reliant barangays, and thriving and productive ecosystems. 2. The goal is to build the adaptive capacity of communities and increase the resilience of natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development. 3. Belison as a key municipality in Antique is committed to the country’s core principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. 4. The precautionary principle guides the municipality’s climate change framework and shall define the measures to anticipate, prevent or minimize the causes of climate change and its adverse effects. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing such measures. 5. The Framework is risk-based, and strategies/activities shall be formulated, with decisions made based on the causes, magnitude and impact of risks. 6. Climate change knowledge is science-based, and shall draw from scientific contributions and best practices from communities taking into considerations local circumstances. 7. The key priorities shall be adaptation and mitigation, with an emphasis on adaptation as the anchor strategy. Whenever applicable, mitigation actions shall also be pursued as a function of adaptation. 8. Adaptation measures shall be based on equity, in accordance with common but differentiated responsibility; special attention must be given to ensure equal and equitable protection of the poor, women, children and other vulnerable and disadvantaged sectors.

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9. Even with inadequate scientific information, anticipatory adaptation measures should be undertaken to prevent or minimize the causes and potential impacts of climate change, whenever necessary. 10. The Framework adopts the Philippine Agenda 21 for Sustainable Development, to fulfil human needs while maintaining the quality of the natural environment for current and future generations. 11. The principle of complementation shall be observed to ensure that climate change initiatives by one sector do not restrict the adaptation of other sectors. 12. The Framework recognizes the roles of agencies and their respective mandates as provided by law. The Framework also recognizes the principle of subsidiarity and the role of barangays as front-liners in addressing climate change. 13. The Framework recognizes the value of forming multi-stakeholder participation and partnerships in climate change initiatives, including partnerships with civil society, the private sector and barangays, and especially with the poor and other marginalized groups most vulnerable to climate change impacts. 14. Policy and incentive mechanisms to facilitate private sector participation in addressing adaptation and mitigation objectives shall be promoted and supported.

Planning Approach

This plan hopes to establish a clear understanding of the threats from natural disasters and how these threats will increase or change due to climate change. It hopes to establish better communication between the LGU and the people of Belison to build public awareness and minimize natural disasters caused or augmented by climate change. It shall embrace all manner of ways we can better educate the people of Belison as to the risks of natural disasters and climate change. Public financing will prioritize adaptation to reduce vulnerability and risks of communities particularly the marginalized poor. At the same time, this plan will provide a policy environment that will encourage the participation of the private sector to optimize mitigation opportunities towards sustainable development. Consistent with the Framework, the ultimate goal is to build the adaptive capacities of men and women in their communities, increase the resilience of vulnerable sectors and natural ecosystems to climate change, and optimize mitigation opportunities towards gender responsive and rights-based sustainable development.

Chapter 4. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

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Climate Related Hazards and Their Impact to LGU

Because of its geographical setting, Belison has a high risk of natural disasters causing damage to the area’s population, property, and economy. A changing climate will result in these natural disasters becoming stronger, more frequent and having greater widespread effects. The effects of climate change will be felt in rising temperatures, rising sea levels, stronger more frequent extreme weather events and wetter wet seasons and dryer dry seasons.

Flooding

The Sibalom River is the largest river system in Antique and it cuts through the southern part of the municipality, directly affecting 4 barangays – Rombang, Concepcion Sinaja, and Salvacion. During times of heavy torrential rain the river can be a highly destructive force, eroding banks and occasionally inundating communities and crops. The Belison River is also a danger to the municipality, as it passes through a more heavily populated part of Belison, and very near to the central Belison emergency evacuation shelter housed in the National School.

The result of MGB Rapid Assessment on flood conducted on 2008 is reflected in the table below:

Table 1. Results of Flood Assessment of the Eleven (11) Barangays

Barangay Remarks/ Recommendations 1 Borocboroc During rainy season, flood depth reaches 0-0.5m caused and aggravated by the lack/absence of drainage. 2 Buenavista None 3 Concepcion There are 8 houses near Pasalgan Creek and about 50 houses along Sibalom River that were affected by stream inundation. Flood depth can reach up to more than 1m with duration of 1 day. Develop an early warning device/system for flood-related hazard. Observe for rapid increase/decrease in creek/river water levels possibly accompanied by increased turbidity (soil content). Identify relocation site for residents living at Bacbac & Durog areas. Develop contingency planning for flood. Avoid build-up along riverbanks. 4 Delima Sheet flood occurs in isolated small area along the coast 5 Ipil None 6 Maradiona Flood depth reaches 0-0.5m during continuous rainfall & because of clogged drainage.

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7 Mojon Flood depth reaches 0.5-1 m during rainy season on low areas. Flashflood regularity rare & flashflood turbidity low. Avoid build-up on banks of Pansalgan creek. Observe for rapid increase/decrease in creek/river water levels possibly accompanied by increased turbidity (soil content). Develop an early warning device/system for flood-related hazards. Riverbank scouring & rechanneling of Belison River can damage agricultural land. 8 Poblacion Flashflood common and affects houses close to the riverbanks. Comprehensive drainage plan by LGUs is recommended 9 Rombang Observe for rapid increase/decrease in creek/river water levels possibly accompanied by increased turbidity (soil content). Develop an early warning device/system for flood-related hazards. Activate BDCC and discuss contingency planning among constituents. More than 60% of Rombang's population affected by Typhoon Frank. High flood depth affects the entire barangay. 10 Salvacion Flood depth reaches up to more than 0.5m. 90% of the population was affected by Typhoon Frank. Observe for rapid increase/decrease in creek/river water levels possibly accompanied by increased turbidity (soil content). Develop an early warning device/system for flood-related hazards. Observe the rechanneling of Sibalom River. Activate BDCC and discuss contingency planning among constituents. 11 Sinaja Flash flood regularity is rare with moderate turbidity. Flood depth can reach up to more than 1m. Observe for rapid increase/decrease in creek/river water levels possibly accompanied by increased turbidity (soil content). Develop an early warning device/system for flood-related hazards. Identify evacuation site. Discuss contingency planning for flooding. Entire barangay was submerged to flood waters during typhoons Frank (2008), Undang (1980s), Mameng (1980s) among others. The school site was also affected with flood. Sinaja is one of the hard hit areas in Belison During Typhoon Frank.

Rain induced landslide

Rain Induced Landslides (RIL) are downward and outward movement of materials caused by floods and excessive rain. It is a geological phenomenon which includes a wide range of ground movement, such as rockfalls, deep failure

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 10 of slopes and shallow debris flows, which can occur in offshore, coastal and onshore environments. Although the action of gravity is the primary driving force for a landslide to occur, there are other contributing factors affecting the original slope stability.

The result of the MGB Rapid Field Assessment conducted in 2008 shows that there are no barangays with high landslide susceptibility. However, there is one (1) barangay with moderate landslide susceptibility (Buenavista) and one (1) barangay with low landslide susceptibility (Mojon). The rest nine (9) barangays had no landslide susceptibility.

Table 2. Results of Landslide Assessment of the Eleven (11) Barangays

Barangay Landslide Remarks/ Recommendations Susceptibility Rating 1 Buenavista Moderate Observe for presence of mass movement (e.g. landslides, tension cracks). 2 Mojon Low Observe for presence of mass movement (e.g. landslides, tension cracks). 3 Borocboroc None 4 Concepcion None 5 Delima None 6 Ipil None 7 Maradiona None 8 Poblacion None 9 Rombang None 10 Salvacion None 11 Sinaja None

Storm Surge

A storm surge is a rise above the usual water level along the shore that is the result of strong onshore winds and/or reduced atmospheric pressure; the actual surge height is the difference of the observed water level minus the predicted tide.

On September 28, 2009, Belison experienced a storm surge affecting 47 households or 194 families of Brgy. Salvacion. This had totally damaged 4 houses while 44 units were partially damaged. Roads, public plaza, basketball court,

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 11 stage and streetlights and houses were damaged having a total cost of Php1, 320,000.00.

Ground Shaking

Ground shaking is a hazard created by seismic earth movements. During an earthquake, seismic waves travel rapidly away from the source and through the earth’s crust. Upon reaching the ground surface, they produce shaking that may last from seconds to minutes.

Using the Rapid Earthquake Disaster Assessment System (REDAS) developed by PHILVOLCS, six earthquake scenarios were identified that can generate ground shaking, liquefaction and earthquake induced landslide to the province. However, in the six scenarios simulated from REDAS, the most devastating is the fifth scenario simulated from Negros Trench. This could trigger PEIS VIII (Very Destructive) ground shaking that will result devastating damages to structures. The municipalities vulnerable to PEIS VIII ground shaking are the following: Anini-y, , , San Jose, Sibalom, Belison, Patnongon, , , , and .

The barangays of the municipality which can possibly experience Intensity VIII are Concepcion, Rombang, Sinaja, Salvacion, Poblacion, Mojon, Buenavista, Ipil, Delima, Borocboroc, Maradiona. The total area affected is 1,465 hectares.

Liquefaction

Liquefaction is a process where particles of loosely- consolidated and water saturated deposits and sand are rearranged into a more compact state. This results in the squeezing of water and sediments towards the surface in the form of “sand fountain” and creating a condition resembling “quicksand”. In this phenomenon, the strength of the soil is reduced to the point where it is unstable to support structures.

From the six scenarios simulated from REDAS, Belison is one of the municipalities susceptible to High Exceedance Liquefaction Hazard. The barangays affected are: Salvacion, Sinaja, Rombang, Poblacion, Mojon, Buenavista, Ipil, Delima, Borocboroc, Maradiona with a total area susceptible to high liquefaction of 1,768 hectares.

Tsunami

Tsunami or tidal wave, also known as a seismic sea wave, is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 12 underwater explosions (including detonations of underwater nuclear devices), landslides, glacier calvings, meteorite impacts and other disturbances above or below water all have the potential to generate a tsunami.

From the tsunami hazard map generated by PHILVOCS, Belison is one of the municipalities prone to tsunami affecting nine (9) of its barangay namely: Rombang, Concepcion, Sinaja, Salvacion, Poblacion, Ipil, Delima, Borocboroc, Maradiona with total area prone to tsunami of 1,534 hectares.

Typhoon (Strong Winds)

As per record retrieved from the office of the municipal planning and development, since the 1980’s Belison has been hard hit by numerous typhoons including Undang, Nitang, Mameng, Ruping, Frank and Yolanda. Though afforded some protection by the mountains to the east and its westward facing shoreline, wind damage remain a grave concern and will be more frequent as a result of climate change and the related southwest monsoons causing trees to fall and endangering the population concentrated near the seashore.

Climate Change Related Hazards Vulnerability Analysis

Population Vulnerable to Flood

Belison is a highly susceptible area (HSA) in terms of flooding with 53.16 percent or 6,627 persons and 490 hectares of land area affected as per result of the MGB Rapid Field Assessment conducted in 2008. Out of the total population of Belison of 12,467 during the year which the assessment was conducted, 23.69 percent or 2,954 are the children population (0-9 years old) while the elderly population is 5.44 percent or 678 (70 years old and above). In terms of flood susceptibility, seven (7) barangays experience varying degrees of flooding. However, four barangays traverse by the Sibalom river namely: Rombang, Concepcion, Sinaja, Salvacion have a high susceptibility for flooding with a total area of 246 hectares.

Built-up Areas Vulnerable to Floods

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Belison, being a coastal and low-lying municipality is highly susceptible to flooding. Especially during typhoons strong offshore winds push the water inland causing rise in sea level and flooding its low-lying coastal areas. Worst cases occurred when heavy rains coincided with the occurrence of heavy tides since rivers are present. The total built-up area of Belison is 153.42 has. Out of this area, the built-up areas expose to high susceptibility is 18.99 has or 12.37% of the total exposed area. The area with moderate and low susceptibility are 119.71 has or 78.03% and 14.65 has or 9.55%, respectively.

Agricultural Areas Vulnerable to Flooding

The economy of Belison is heavily dependent on agriculture, particularly rice production which is particularly vulnerable to changing weather conditions. The 1,447.66 hectares or 73.17% of the total land area of the municipality is agricultural, primarily devoted to rice, but also including coconut, corn, banana, rootcrops, vegetables, sugarcane, fruit trees, legume production, upland farming and livestock production. Rice production, being the main source of income has the total land area of 770.09 hectares, of which 400.30 hectares are irrigated, 325.27 hectares are non-irrigated and 44.52 hectares are upland.

Of the total agricultural area of Belison, 1,236.42 or 85.40% is highly susceptibility to flooding, 192.49 or 16.81 % is moderately susceptible and the remaining 18.75 has or 1.64% is low susceptible.

Critical Infrastructures Vulnerable to Flooding

In terms of critical infrastructures prone to flooding, nearly every structure is within the flood hazard areas for Belison. Only the barangays of Buenavista and Mojon are outside of this zone but also could be affected by localized flooding. Every government building, education facility, medical facility, private residence and business faces some risk of flooding. The barangays of Buenavista and Mojon also face a threat of rain induced landslide, which for the most part is not a problem for the rest of the municipality.

Vulnerability to Sea Surface Temperature Increase

The municipality is moderately vulnerable to sea surface temperature increase with a vulnerability index of 0.434. Nevertheless, its exposure value to this type of hazard brought by climate change is 0.8 which is considered high. This can be attributed to the following indicators: more than 50% of fishing families are totally dependent to fishing for source of livelihood and income and due to sea surface temperature increase in percentage of families exposed are vulnerable

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 14 to the hazard. Their adaptive capacity is low (0.4) which means that although coastal habitats are surveyed, mapped and zoned yet few programs and projects are implemented promoting marine life in areas of generally featureless bottom, cultivation of saline tolerant crops and trees and control for beach erosion.

Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise

Based on the province vulnerability assessment assisted by NEDA applying the different methods designed by various consultants of NEDA-MDG F and one of this was that of Cabrido VA tool, the municipality Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptive Capacity Exposure Adaptive Vulnerability with very high vulnerability CC Hazards to flooding in the coastal Value Capacity Index and marine areas is Belison Typhoon 0.49 0.78 0.573 with vulnerability index of Storm Surge 0.49 0.78 0.573 0.815. Taking into Flooding 0.8 0.72 0.815 consideration its sensitivity, Sea level Rise 0.8 0.72 0.815 exposure and adaptive Sea Surface capacity to this type of temperature increase 0.8 0.4 0.434 hazard, its sensitivity value Drought 0.69 0.6 0.587 is 0.815 which is equivalent to very high vulnerability category and is influenced by the following indicators: very high beach and coastal erosion due to geomorphology types of sandy beaches, deltas, mud, sandflat and absence of natural buffers fronting coastal settlements. Its exposure value is also very high (0.8) affected by the following indicators: extent of settlements and population affected by flooding are more or less 40 percent of the barangays with less than one meter elevation and more than 50 percent of the agricultural lands beach areas are affected by floods. Whereas, its adaptive capacity is 0.72 and translated as high risk to flooding since coastal habitats are surveyed and not yet mapped and zoned and has no program implemented for cultivation of saline tolerant crops and trees.

CROSS-SECTORAL VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS

ECONOMIC SECTOR

Crop Production Areas Vulnerable to Flooding

The municipality has a high vulnerability to flooding with vulnerability index 0.6 which is high attributed by rainfall volume average value ranging from 131- 180 mm/day; slope of 8-18 percent; proximity of farmlands to rivers, streams banks is 51-500 meters; and percent of forest cover in watershed is 20-40 percent. The exposure of the municipality is high with a value of 0.8 which is due to the

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 15 following: extent of flooded production areas is 21-30 percent and extent of silted irrigated and rainfed lands are 21-30 percent. Likewise, its adaptive capacity value is 0.62 with the following indicators considered: updated maps of flood prone areas available to more than 50 percent of the barangays in the municipality and annual historical flooding data available to more than 50 percent of the barangays in the municipality (0.6-moderate).

Sectoral Vulnerability Assessment LEVEL OF VULNERABILITY Sea Sea level Sector Storm Drought Flooding Typhoon level temp. Erosion Surge rise increase Population Very high High Moderate Infrastructure High High Moderate Crop Moderate High Very high Moderate High Moderate Production Water Supply Moderate High High Moderate High Coastal Very Very high Moderate Resources high Health Very high High

Crop Production Areas Vulnerable to Drought

The crop production area of the municipality of Belison is moderately vulnerable to drought with vulnerability index value of 0.587 or moderate. Its sensitivity value is 0.46 percent (moderate) with the following indicators considered: absence of El Nino for the year (0-2 -very low); high presence of intermittent rivers and streams; high dependency of agricultural lands on irrigation (31-40%); and long duration of drought from three to four months (high). Likewise, the municipality has high exposure to drought with 0.69 value influenced by the following indicators: 61-80 percent of production areas are affected by the last two occurrence of drought; and high percentage of yield losses due to drought (61-70%). Adaptive capacity of the municipality is valued at 0.6 or moderate; 41 percent to less than 21 percent of farm lands with small irrigation programs; and only 21 percent to less than 10 percent adopts crop diversification.

HEALTH SECTOR

Dengue Vulnerability

The municipality is vulnerable to dengue due to climate change and with high vulnerability index of 0.7085. The indicators used in sensitivity analysis are: history of disease outbreak for the past 5 years, waste management practices, flood-prone settlements and rainfall. For exposure the indicators are: young

Municipality of Belison LOCAL CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION PLAN 2015-2025 16 population and households without access to sanitation facilities. In adaptive capacity the indicators are: disease surveillance and monitoring system, presence of functional health referral system and IEC campaign on prevention of dengue.

Based from the assessment results, less than 20 percent of barangays are practicing waste management/segregation or have MRF. The percentage of young age population vulnerable to dengue is very high and number of households without access to sanitation facilities is very high. In terms of flood- prone settlements and volume of rainfall, the municipality is from moderate to high. Although the LGU have high adaptive capacity but due to very high exposure and poor waste management practices, the municipality is highly vulnerable to dengue outbreak.

Gastroenteritis Vulnerability

Based on the same assessment, Belison is highly vulnerable to gastroenteritis due to climate change. The indicators used in sensitivity analysis are HHs covered with levels 2 or 3 water supply is high to very high; households with sanitary toilets is low to very low; history of disease outbreak for the last five (5) years is low; rainfall volume is moderate to high. For exposure, the indicators used are: the number of household without access to safe water is high and very high and number of households without access to sanitary toilets is low to very low. For adaptive capacity of LGU, the indicators used are: disease surveillance and monitoring system, presence of functional health referral system and IEC campaign is from moderate to high.

The factors which contribute to high vulnerability of the town to gastroenteritis are sheet flooding within the built-up areas, absence of sanitary toilet in households along the coastal areas, and improper waste management.

Water Supply Vulnerable to Storm Surge, Typhoon and Flooding

The municipality’s water supply is also vulnerable to storm surge, typhoon and flooding with vulnerability index of 0.617. The indicators used in the sensitivity analysis are: rainfall volume, percent of water supply facilities in need of repair/ rehabilitation; volume of water during typhoons exceeding Normal High Water Level (NHWL); and compliance with standards for water quality for lakes and rivers. For exposure, the indicators used are: percent of total HHs without access to clean/ potable water and extent of damage of water infrastructure facilities. For adaptive capacity the indicators are: alternative water sources and typhoon forecasting or rain gauge systems. Based from this analysis, the municipality is highly vulnerable because the exposure is high and its adaptive capacity is very low.

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Adaptive Capacity Analysis

Rural resiliency refers to the capacity of a rural region to adapt to changing external circumstances in such a way that a satisfactory standard of living is maintained, while coping with its inherent ecological, economic and social vulnerability.

Although rural areas are facing rapid changes and uncertainties in the economic, social, and infrastructure sector that affect their future, little attention has been paid to the resilience of these areas. The concept of rural resilience determines the degree to which a specific rural area is able to tolerate alteration before reorganising around a new set of structures and processes. It can be described by how well a rural area can simultaneously balance ecosystem, economic and cultural functions. As such, the rural resilience perspective refers to a rural area’s ability to cope with its inherent economic, ecological and cultural vulnerability.

The municipality’s adaptive capacity relies on regular services, programmes, national policies, and civil society organization networks for support. Current measures addressing climate risks are mandate-driven and concentrate on social services disaster responses directed towards addressing the impacts of flooding and storm surges. This is evident in the policies, programs and projects pursued by the municipality such as implementation of buffers along the shoreline and the edges of the rivers. Planting of trees and other vegetation in these buffer zones to help control erosion and protect structures and other property from damage. Construction of drainage system and efforts to construct a sea wall within the coastline are very visible.

However, private sector participation is very minimal, implying heavy dependence on local drawn resources and aid from national agencies. Noticeable in these measures is the absence of cooperation of the people in the implementation of these policies. Base on earlier assessments of threat levels, flooding has a very high impact to the municipality. Despite of the policies on buffer zone, still many of the constituents violates the policy. Many are still irresponsible in managing their waste making drainage system as dumping areas. As impacts are context-specific, adaptive measures should likewise be so hence, cooperation of the private sector is very necessary.

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It is also worth noting that measures to address the impacts of drought are also very limited. Although the municipality is moderately vulnerable to this hazard, yet it frequently experiences such hazard in recent decades and because the municipality is an agriculture-based municipality, there is a need to address such hazards.

In terms of hazard, the municipality is most intense on averting the impacts of typhoons and flooding, and least equipped for sea level rises and drought. The municipality’s lessons from past typhoons and flooding events have improved the community’s risk reduction responses, as seen in the foregoing measures that it has been pursuing.

By sector, social sector posted the highest level of adaptive capacity as seen in the focus on climate change related outbreaks hazards solutions and considering its short-term and disaster-response paradigm adopted for its services. The infrastructure sector has the lowest level of adaptive capacity, seeing the limited financial resources of the municipality to put up an effective and sufficient structural solution for water-related hazards. The economic sector is in the medium score since its capacity heavily relies on the performance of infrastructure sectors, which generally scored low in many of the hazards identified.

Chapter 5. LCCAP GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

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Goals

The goals of the Municipality of Belison Local Climate Change Action Plan 2015-2025 are anchored on the following goals of the National Climate Change Action Plan 2011-2028:

1. building the adaptive capacities of men and women in their communities 2. increasing the resilience of vulnerable sectors and natural ecosystems to climate change 3. optimizing mitigation opportunities towards gender-responsive and rights-based sustainable development.

Objectives

The specific goals of the Municipality of Belison Local Climate Change Action Plan 2015-2025 reflects the work priorities defined in the National Climate Change Action Plan 2011-2028 on food security, environmental and ecological stability, human security and knowledge and capacity building. These objectives include: 1. to ensure availability, stability, accessibility and affordability of safe and healthy food amidst climate change 2. to ensure ecosystem resiliency and environmental stability through protection and rehabilitation of critical ecosystems and restoration of ecological services 3. to reduce the risks of human especially the vulnerable sectors to climate change and disasters 4. to enhance the knowledge of the community on climate change, capacity for climate change adaptation, mitigation and disaster risk reduction and 5. to establish a gendered climate change knowledge management accessible to all sectors at the local levels

Chapter 6. LGU’S CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION INITIATIVES FOR THE PLANNING PERIOD

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Looking at the predictions of the changes of climate for 2020 and 2050 we see that an overall slight increase in temperature and precipitation is eminent. However, this does not tell the whole story. What cannot be measured or predicted is how the weather will be more extreme. Larger and more frequent storm events and longer and more common drought events can be expected. The manifestations of climate change in the form of sea level rise, storm surge, drought, flooding, stronger and intensified typhoons and climate change related outbreaks have impacts on the municipality’s economy, environment, infrastructure and on the municipality’s 11 barangays. Given its coastal location and rivers around it, Belison is greatly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, and has already experienced noticeable adverse effects in recent years. Without concerted action, the challenges the municipality will face as a result of climate change are expected to intensify in the medium or long term. With this scenario the response must be two pronged: adaptation and mitigation.

Presented below is the list of mitigation and adaptation initiatives of the municipality as per climate change hazard to which its community and vulnerable sector is facing.

Flooding

The municipality of Belison is highly susceptible to flooding affecting its entire sector. To enhance the municipality’s adaptive capacity to the impacts brought by this hazard due to climate change, the following mitigation and adaptation initiatives will be undertaken:

Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation Construction of municipal-wide drainage MEO, MPDO 2015-2025 system for diversion of water channels to minimize floods Construction of drainage system along MEO, MPDO 2017-2025 national highway in coordination with DPWH Construction/repair of bank protection, sea MEO 2015-2025 walls, breakwater along coastal and riverine barangays Elevation of horizontal/vertical facilities and MEO 2015-2025 infrastructure (including barangay halls, day care centers, roads, etc.) Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation

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Clearing of river mouth and other floodway MEO, MENRO, 2015-2025 channels from obstruction Barangay Mangrove reforestation along the MENRO, 2015-2025 coastlines, rivers and other natural Barangay waterways (to include balling and replanting of mangroves at appropriate sites) together with the CENRO Conduct trainings and disaster MDRRMO 2015-2020 preparedness on flood Installation of early warning devices and MDRRMO 2015-2025 signage Prohibition of burning of solid wastes and MENRO, 2015-2025 promoting composting MSWMB Improvement of existing facilities that can MEO, 2015-2020 form part of a network of emergency MDRRMO, evacuation centers equipped with MPDO appropriate facilities (gyms, barangay multi- purpose halls, schools, etc.) for vulnerable communities Dredging/desilting of rivers and creeks MEO 2015-2019 Concreting of climate resilient roads as MEO 2015-2025 emergency lifeline services in times of disaster Allocate funds for additional acquisition and MEO, MPDO, 2015-2025 development of relocation sites and MBO construction of core shelters Prohibition of construction of houses and MEO, MPDO 2015-2025 establishments in danger zones Enforcement of Zoning Ordinance on non- MPDO, MEO, 2015-2025 buildable protections areas (i.e. buffers, Zoning water easement, setbacks, open spaces, special zones, etc.) Formulation of Contingency Plan for flood MDRRMC 2015-2018 Relocation of population exposed to Mayor’s Office 2015-2025 flooding to areas with low exposure to flooding Integrating flood prevention and mitigation MPDO, SB, All 2015-2025 measures in the municipality’s development planning body plans, programs and policies Prioritization of MDRRMC/BDRRMCs’ MDRRMC, 2015-2020 emergency tools and equipment for BDRRMC flooding events Sea level rise

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The municipality with very high vulnerability to sea level rise in the coastal and marine areas throughout the whole province is Belison. If this hazard brought by climate change will not properly address, it will cause great impacts in the long run. Hence, the technical working group identified the following mitigation and adaption to increase the municipality’s adaptive capacity.

Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation Construction of mitigating infrastructures MEO, 2015-2025  seawalls and dikes for barangays Barangay along the coastline  rip-rapping of canals De-clogging of drainages and other man- MEO, 2015-2025 made canals (municipal-wide and within Barangay the barangays) Allocate funds for the Cultivation of saline MAO 2015-2020 tolerant crops and trees Adoption of crop rotation pattern in coastal MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 agricultural areas Associations Survey, mapping and zoning of coastal MAO, 2015-2022 habitats Fisherfolks Assn Prioritization of MDRRMC/BDRRMCs’ MDRRMC, 2015-2020 emergency tools and equipment for sea BDRRMC level rise hazards Integrating sea level rise prevention and MPDO, SB, All 2015-2025 mitigation measures in the municipality’s planning body development plans, programs and policies Relocation of population exposed to sea Mayor’s Office 2015-2025 level rise hazards Controlling development of settlements Zoning, 2015-2025 along riverbanks and coastal areas MENRO Mangrove and associates reforestation MENRO 2017-2018 along costal lines and riparian areas Establishment of artificial reefs to promote MAO, MENRO 2016-2019 marine life in areas with a generally featureless bottom, to control erosion, block ship passage, or improve surfing Setting up of monitoring and information MENRO, 2015-2025 and education campaign projects at the MPDO, coastal/river barangays MDRRMO

Storm surge

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This hazard due to climate change frequently occurs in the coastal barangays of the municipality especially during southwest monsoon. As reported by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau, large extent of the marine lands has worn away towards the sea, and coastal area has regressed by more than 1 kilometer. If not addressed this hazard will cause great loss of infrastructure and diminution of municipal land since erosion is eating away what limited land the municipality possesses. To mitigate and enhance adaptive capacity the initiatives below will be undertaken:

Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation Establishment of green easements with trees MENRO, 2015-2025 along the coastlines Barangay Procurement and installation of early MDRRMO 2015-2019 warning Barangay devices and systems at coastal communities/barangays Construction of complete and well- MEO 2015-2025 designed seawalls in all coastal barangays Setback/ buffer requirements must be MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 observed as per Water code in agricultural Associations activities (20 m is required) Restore degraded mangrove areas MENRO 2015-2022 Installation of Automated Rain Gauges MDRRMO 2015-2018 (ARG) and (WLS) in monitoring potential hazards such as storm surges Conduct inventory and MPDO 2015-2018 assessment of informal settlers/ structures along the coastline, riverbanks and waterways Provide relocation site for informal MEO 2015-2025 settlers/squatters along the river banks, foreshore areas and waterways Transfer informal settlers to relocation site MEO, MENRO 2015-2025 and provide alternative livelihood to affected settlers Establish buffer zones on MAO, MENRO, 2015-2025 mangrove and mudflat MPDO areas vis-à-vis built-up and aquaculture areas Allocate funds for the Cultivation of saline MAO 2015-2020 tolerant crops and trees

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Sea Surface Temperature Increase

The municipality is moderately vulnerable to sea surface temperature increase nevertheless; its exposure value to this type of hazard brought by climate change is considered high. When not given due mitigation and adaptation activities, such hazard will have a great impact to its population whose livelihood is totally dependent to fishing. Noting this account, listed below are initiatives to be undertaken to address its impact.

Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation Tree growing activities along river banks and MENRO, 2015-2025 coastal areas Barangay Establish an integrated solid MENRO 2015-2025 waste management system Barangay in all barangays of the municipality especially in the coastal barangays Enforce anti-dumping and burning of wastes MENRO 2015-2025 in the coastal areas Provide alternative livelihood to fisherfolks to MSWDO, MAO 2015-2025 lessen the pressure on marine and other coastal resources Enforcement of Coastal Zone Management Mayor’s 2015-2025 Plan Office, MAO, MENRO Encourage participation of stakeholders MAO, MENRO, 2015-2025 and end users of aquatic resources in the Fisherfolks implementation of fisheries policies, laws Associations and ordinances Allocate funds for the Cultivation of saline MAO 2015-2020 tolerant crops and trees Adoption of crop rotation pattern in coastal MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 agricultural areas Associations Mangrove and associates reforestation MENRO 2017-2018 along costal lines and riparian areas Establishment of artificial reefs to promote MAO, MENRO 2016-2019 marine life in areas with a generally featureless bottom, to control erosion, block ship passage, or improve surfing Setting up of monitoring and information MENRO, 2015-2025 and education campaign projects at the MPDO, coastal/river barangays MDRRMO

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Drought/Dry Spells

Although the municipality of Belison is moderately vulnerable to drought, yet its exposure to this hazard brought by climate change is high. Thereby, there is a need to identify mitigation and adaptation initiatives in order to address its impacts. The following initiatives are listed below:

Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation Tree growing activities within the urban and MENRO, 2015-2025 rural areas Barangay Small irrigation programs to farm lands MAO 2015-2025 (Pump irrigation system for open Source, Pump and Engine Set) Advocacy and IEC for household water MENRO 2015-2019 conservation Adoption of crop diversification MAO, Farmers 2015-2020 Associations Allocation of funds to distribute drought MAO, MPDO, 2018-2021 resilient seeds varieties to farmers MBO Implementation of irrigation projects and MAO, Farmers- 2015-2025 facilities in coordination with the NIA Irrigators Association Planting of drought tolerant varieties of rice MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 Associations Adjustment of cropping patterns MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 Associations Provide alternate livelihood to farmers MSWDO 2015-2025 especially during off-season of harvest Provide extension services for more effective MAO 2016-2018 and efficient agricultural operations during drought season Regular clearing and maintenance of MAO, Farmers- 2015-2025 irrigation canals Irrigators Association Integrating concerns on drought, extended All planning 2015-2025 dry spells and El Niño in the municipality’s bodies development plans, programs and policies

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Typhoon with Strong Winds

Though the municipality had afforded some protection by the mountains to the east and its westward facing shoreline, damages of strong winds brought by typhoon will be more frequent as a result of climate change. To make the LGU more adaptive to this hazard, the following initiatives will be undertaken.

Responsible Period of Program/Project/Activities Office Implementation Construction of climate resilient evacuation MEO, MSWDO 2015-2025 centres with complete facilities Installation of early warning devices and MDRRMO 2015-2025 signage Development of natural wind breakers MEO, MENRO 2015-2025 (mangrove areas) and structural windbreakers Crop pattern adjustment MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 Association Using more drought and saline tolerant MAO, Farmers 2015-2025 species to further create resiliency to Association, changing climate patterns MENRO Localization of building codes to adjust MEO, Zoning 2015-2025 building design, especially houses, according to local climatic conditions (range of wind speeds during typhoons) Enforcement of Zoning Ordinance on non- MPDO, MEO, 2015-2025 buildable protections areas (i.e. buffers, Zoning water easement, setbacks, open spaces, special zones, etc.) Prohibition of construction of houses and MEO, MPDO 2015-2025 establishments in danger zones Concreting of climate resilient roads as MEO 2015-2025 emergency lifeline services in times of disaster Formulation of Contingency Plan for MDRRMC 2015-2018 Typhoon with strong winds Prioritization of MDRRMC/BDRRMCs’ MDRRMC, 2015-2020 emergency tools and equipment for BDRRMC typhoon hazards Conduct trainings and disaster MDRRMO 2015-2020 preparedness on typhoon Installation of early warning devices and MDRRMO 2015-2025 signage

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Chapter 7. PROJECT FINANCING

The programs, projects, activities and policies defined in the Municipality of Belison Local Climate Change Action Plan 2015-2025 shall be funded through the following three (3) major funding sources:

National Government Funding

National government funding comes through the national government agencies that implement programs, projects, and activities in the municipality. Many of such assistance are big ticket infrastructure projects that have been implemented or to be implemented by these national agencies. Some of these agencies are DPWH, NIA, OCD, DA, DENR, and BFAR. National government funding also come from the Office of the President, the Offices of Senators and the Office of Congressman. Such funding is under the General Appropriations Act.

Municipal Funding

Funding from the local government may come from its regular annual Executive Budget which includes the following:

 20% Internal Revenue Allotment (IRA) Development Fund which is an annual appropriation that are earmarked for development Projects as defined by the Joint Memorandum Circular (JMC) No. 2011-1.  Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (MDRRMF) can also be used for Disaster Risk Reduction and Management initiatives. Such funding is governed RA 10121.  General Fund and Special Purpose Appropriations

Other Sources of Funding

Other sources of local funding comes through external sources that include but do not limit to the barangay funds, provincial aids through its 20% Development Fund and Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (PDRRMF), locally-based private corporations and enterprises, civil service societies (CSO), NGOs/POs, academe, and other private volunteer groups or individuals who shows prodigious concerned to the impacts of climate change in the locality.

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Chapter 8. PLAN IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION

The municipality envisioned itself as a “progressive agricultural community of God-fearing and empowered people living in a safe and well-balanced environment with upright governance.”

The Local Climate Change Action Plan of this municipality was formulated to serve as contributory factor to the realization of this vision. Thereby, the municipality recognizes the importance of plan implementation and policy enforcement in realizing targets, achieving goals and objectives for the realization of the ultimate vision of a climate change-resilient municipality and citizenry in a safe and well-balanced environment. The municipality believes that in implementing this Local Climate change Action Plan 2015-2025, resources, institutional structures and procedures, among others are required in order for it to be implemented and enforced.

However, it cannot be denied that aside from its limited resources, the municipality had also a limited manpower to undertake the efficient and effective implementation of the plan. Thereby, there is a need to strengthen the existing institutional structures and mechanisms such as the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, the Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, the Municipal Development Council and other special bodies which will serve as driving forces in the effective plan implementation.

Also there is a need for assessment and prioritization of programs and projects identified in the plan to fit in the budget allocation due to limited resources.

Monitoring and evaluation are essential in the implementation of the plan. Hence, organization of evaluation and monitoring team is very necessary in order to identify impacts or outcomes, identify gaps/causes and effects like changes in the socio-economic well-being of the municipality and changes in its climate change adaptability. The LGU shall institutionalize the Monitoring and Evaluation System which will provide feedback information and data which are useful for the revision needed and for the mid-term and end-term assessment. This document will serve as a guide and reference by the Local Government Unit on where to focus on priority areas of concern for climate change resiliency and adaptability. Thereby, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, of the Local Climate Change Action Plan must be a concerted effort of the different department of the local government unit.

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The Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (MDRRM) which is the frontline special body in terms of DRR Management and Climate Change Adaptation must adopt this plan to make it as an implementation instrument of the long and medium term plans of the LGU in terms of climate- change adaptation. In this case, planning is an essential part of local governance, as governments are required to not only manage a geographical space in behalf of the national government, but also deliver basic services and facilities to promote the general welfare of its people within its territorial jurisdiction.

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