The NATION AL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY

JANUARY, 1936 The American Horticultural Society

PRESENT ROLL OF OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS April 12, 1935

OFFICERS President, Dr. William Holland Wilmer, Washington, D. C. First Vice-President, Mr. B. Y. Morrison, Washington, D. C. Second Vice-President, Mrs. Fairfax Harrison, Belvoir, Fauquier Co., Va. Secretary, C. C. Thomas, 211 Spruce Street, Takoma Park, D. C. Treasurer, Roy G. Pierce, 504 Aspen Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. DIRECTORS Terms Expiring in 1936 Terms Expiring in 1937 Mr. Fairman R. Furness, Media, Pa. Mrs. Mortimer Fox, Peekskill, N. Y. Mrs. Clement S. Houghton, Chestnut Mr. F. J. Hopkins, Washington, D. C. Hill, Mass. Mr. Armistead Peter IV, Washington, Mr. D. Victor Lumsden, Washington, D.C. D..c. Mrs. Charles Walcott, Washington, Mrs. J. Norman Henry, Gladwyne, Pa. D. C. Mr. J. Marion Shull, Chevy Chase, Md. Mrs. Silas B. Waters, Cincinnati, O. THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Published by and for the Society B. Y. MORRISON, Editor

CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Mr. Alfred Bates Mr. Sherman R. Duffy Mr. Carl Purdy Dr. Clement G. Bowers Mrs. Mortimer J. Fox Mr. C. A. Reed Mrs. C. I. DeBevoise Mrs. J. Norman Henry Mr. J. Marion Shull Dr. W. C. Deming Mrs. Francis King Mr. Arthur D. Slavin Miss Frances Edge McIlvaine

SOCIETIES AFFILIATED WITH THE AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY 1933 Alexandria, Virginia, Garden Club, Blackstone Garden Club, Mrs. Charles Holden Mrs. A. G. Ingham, Pres., Rosemont Wellsville, Virginia. Alexandria, Va. Burleith Garden Club, Amerkan Amaryllis Society, Mrs. Clara V. Mace, Pres., Wyndham Hayward, Secretary, 4617 Hunt Ave., Winter Park, Fla. Chevy Chase, Md.

Amerkan Fuchsia Society, California Garden Club Federation, Miss Alice Eastwood, Secretary, Miss E. Marlow, Lib., California Academy of Sciences, 992 S. Oakland, Golden Gate Park Pasadena, Calif. San Francisco, Calif. Bethesda Community Garden Club, Chestnut Hill Garden Clll!b, Mrs. Wm. Lee, Mrs. John H. Harwood, Pres., 5622 Moorland Lane, 64 Dudley St., Bethesda, Md. Brookline, Mass.

Publication Office, 1918 Harford Avenue... Baltimore, Md. Entered as second-class matter January n, 1932, at the Post Office at tlaltimore, Md., under the Act of August 24, 1912. Chevy Chase (D. C.) Garden Club, North Carolina Garden Club, Mrs. W m. Myers, Pres., Elizabeth Laurence, Chairman, 3754 McKinley St., 11 5 Park Ave., Washington, D. C. Raleigh, N. C. Chevy Chase (Md.) Garden Club, Northern N ut Growers Association, Mrs. Ri·chard F . Jackson, Pres., Dr. G. A. Zimmerma,n, President, 3 Oxford St., 32 S. 13th St. , Chevy Chase, Md. Harrisburg, Pa. Cleveland Garden Center, Ohio Association of Garden Clubs, East Boulevard at Euclid Ave., Mrs. Silas B. Waters, Cleveland, Ohio. 2005 Edgecliff P oi nt, Ci ncinnati , Ohio. Dayton Garden Club, Garden Center, Plainfield Garden Club, % Dayton Art Institute, Mrs. Frederic W . Goddard, Pres., Dayton, Ohio. 205 E. 9th St., Plainfield, N. J. Detroit Garden Center, Detroit Institute of Art, Rock Garden Society of Ohio, 5200 Woodward Avenue, Mrs. Frank Garry, Detroit, Mich. 5800 Wyatt Ave., Kennedy Heights, Fauquier and Loudoun Garden Club, Cincinnati, Ohio. Mrs. John T . Cochran, The Plains, Va. T akoma Horticultural Club, Takoma Park, D. C. Garden Center, Grover Cleveland Park, The Columbus Garden Center, Buffalo, New York. 480 E. Broad St., Columbus, Ohio. Garden Center, Marin Co., Gerstle Park, San Rafael, Calif. The Federated Garden Club of Cincinnati and Vicinity, Garden Club of Buzzard's Bay, Mrs. Bart H. Hawley, Mrs. M. W. Wilcox, 242 Greendale A venue, 350 Union St., Ci ncinnati, Ohio. New Bedford, Mass. The Lima Garden Club, Garden Club of Kentucky, 402 S. Woodlawn Avenue, Mrs. T . F . Roemele, Lima, Ohio. 3214 Wren Road, Louisville, Ky. The Little Garden Club of Sandy Spring, :Mrs. A. D. Farquhar, President, Garden Club of Omaha, Sandy Spring, Md. Mrs. Gertrude Pettit, Pres., 5023 Spaulding St., Omaha, Nebr. The Rose Tree Gardeners, Mrs. Samuel Howe, Garden Club of Ohio, Clemmonton P . O., Mrs. Frank B. Stearns, Pine Valley, N. J. 15830 S. Park Blvd., Cleveland, Ohio. Town and Country Garden Club, Mrs. Wm. Henry Davis, Treas., Georgetown Garden Club, 2508 Auburn Ave., Miss Katherine A. Dougal, Mt. Auburn, 3030 PSt., N . W ., Cincinnati, Ohio. Washington, D. C. Town and Country Garden Club of Glendale Garden Crafters, Cleveland, Mrs. Harry Gordon, Pres., Mrs. W . H . Wood, Glendale, Ohio. Anderson and Green Road, S. Euclid, Cleveland, Ohio. Lake Washington Garden Club, T rowel Club, Mrs. B. Roy Anderson, Mrs. G. W. Leadbetter, Pres., 1508 8th Ave., W., 4437 Cathedral Ave., Seattle, Wash. Washington, D. C. Magnolia Circle, Woodridge Garden Club, 950 Bay St., N. E ., Woodridge Branch Library, St. P etersburg, Fla. W ashington, D. C. Newtonville Garden Club, Worcester County H orticultural Society, 70 Washington Park, 30 Elm Street, Newtonville. Mass. vVorcester, Mass. [i] The National Horticultural Magazine

Vol. 15 Copyright, 193 G, by THE A)(ERICAN HOR~' lCUL'I'URAL SO CJETY No. 1

JANUARY, 1936

CONTENTS

Thirty Important Vines for California KATHERINE D. JONES ...... 1

Sweet Scented-Leaved Pelargoniums HELEN N. CLARK ...... 66

A Book or Two...... 72

The Gardener's Pocketbook : Pnmlls mll1ne ...... 75

75

Na1'ciss1ts) Aeroli te 78

Lami~tm maClllat-lI111,) 1. N. Anderson ...... 78

R011'l.1f,lea bulbocodi1l711 ni'uahs ...... 82

Leycesten'a f01'111osa ...... 82

C otoneaste1' pannosa ...... 86

Rhododend1'on mic1'a1lth1l1'1t ...... 86

Published quarterly by '1'h e American Horticultural Society. Publication offi ce, 1918 HaTford Ave., Baltlr:l0re! ~{d. Editorial office, Room 821 , 'Vashingtou Loan and Trust Building. \VnshingtoD, D. C. ContrIbutIOns from all members are cordia.JIy invited and should be se.nt to the Editorial office. Ad,-er· tising l\1anager, Mr. J. S. Elms, K ensington, lVId. A subscription to th e maga zine is included in th e an­ nual du es to al1 members ; to non-membel's the pricE> is severnty-five cents th e copy, three doll ars a year. [ii] The National Horticultural Magazine

Volume Fifteen

Washington, D. C. 1936 Copyright American Horticultural Society, 1936 Matthews [See page 36 ] H o:ya ca1'nosa Thirty Important Vines for California KATHERINE D. JONES

This study on the climbers culti­ He also mentions that the 'vVest In­ vated in California has been under­ dies and Brazil are famous for their taken in the hope of inducing any lianes but that in Chile and New Zea­ land are the fin est examples of extra­ who barow these rare vines to publish the results of their experience and so tropical epiphytes and lianes. Travel­ save gardeners hereafter some of the lers from these warm countries are bitter losses they themselves have had amazed at the size, the number of species and the manner in which to meet as pioneers in the introduc­ these Iianes twine themselves about tion of new plants. Many of these trees as they spread fr0111 branch to vines CalJ be grown easily if we only branch and from tree to tree and bind know what the plant requires as to them together so firmly that men are soil, culture, protection from heat or able to climb up the tallest and even cold and the amount of water re­ walk above from one tree to another quired, things that the English learned by means of their tough stems. long ago for their own country. 'lYe In California such fast growing realize that California is young, but tender climbers are best grown in already several races of people have Santa Barbara and San Diego where lived and grown plants here, some . of you may see innumerable vines climb­ them with remarkable success, and ing over houses, trees and high walls, yet we have had little benefit from covering roofs and giving color alid the i r published accounts, else we gaiety to the scene. But northern would not now have to be trying out California and the San J Qaquin and plants in the same old ways, even giv­ Sacramento Valleys need not be dis­ ing up some very handsome and couraged since it is a proved fact in adaptable species which for mer 1 y case of climbers that develop a woody seemed to be entirely suited to the bark that if they can be kept alive for state. three consecutive winters (either by We also give illustrations of many mild wilaters or by artificial protection or the present new introductions in during the most severe frosts) U1'btil order that you may become acquainted their bark is hm-dened, the chances with them and feel e"'ger to study are that they will then live for years more about their cultural needs, how u n d e r ordinary cold weather. A they may best be used understanding­ knowledge of this fact should encour­ ly and successfully about our homes. age the growth of many evergreen climbers not only in the coast coun­ CLIMBERS GROWING IN CALIFORNIA ties alone, but in regions farther in­ land. Further, is not a great deal of Schimper says that woody climbers the tenderness of some vines in your or lianes had their origin in tropical region not due to keeping the soft rain forests where there was plenty shoots growing too late in the season, of moisture and where the competi­ when water should have been with­ tion was so keen that they had to held for some time before frost was climb high to the light and the air. expected? [lJ 2 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

Nurserymen usually divide vines nonias belong to this cat ego r y . into Climbers and Trailers, the Climb­ Charles Darwin once stated that the ers being the tall erect, more or less tendril that curls two ways is the weak-stemmed kinds that need sup­ most perfect of nature's contrivances, port, while the Trailers are the short, since a sharp pull by the wind does more or less pendent ones that sprawl not break the tendril away from its over the ground or droop from hang­ support but allows it to give. ing baskets. Not only are the tendril bearers But landscape architects must go good for trees but they are used on further than that as they must think trellises or chicken wire to mount of vines by their uses and should high or to fill wide spaces. It is this study their method of climbing and type of a climber that gives so sub­ the kinds of support best suited to tropi'cal an air to Santa Barbara and their needs. to San Diego. A. First there are the SCAN­ 3. The TENDRIL BEARING DENT SHRUBS. These are usually vines with DISKS or CLAWS, such fast growing and scramble up any as Evergreen Trumpet and Cat's way they can, though in gardens they Claw Trumpet are suited to wood, are usually tied to some support to stone, brick and cement, and are keep them within bounds. The Cup capable of covering spaces of immense of Gold (Solandra gu.ttata) and the height and width. They climb un­ Italian Jasmine (J aS111,immt hu.m,ile) aided. On recent years we have been are good examples. having difficulty in making this type B. Next come the CLIMBERS, of vines stick to our popular white which may be still more divided since Spanish houses or bungalows as the they get up into the air in various sizing used by the builders contains ways; as by twining, tendril bearing, too much acid for the tender tips. aerial rootlets, clasping petioles, and The result is that it is useless to plant disks. this valuable type of vine on these 1. TWINERS rise by twisting houses until another kind of sizing has their stems about a support, such as 'been used. There has been so much a wire or string or tree, as do the indignation against this loss of climb­ hop and the morning glory. It is a ers that a new sizing has been put on simpler method and such vines are the market and we are now in hope good for screens, or garlands, or that relief is in sight. festoons, as they may be guided on a 4. Next are the vines with AERIAL string wherever you wish them to go. ROOTLETS, such as English Ivy 2. TENDRIL-BEARERS. Those and Creeping Fig. They are very use­ plants that use tendrils have the great­ ful for climbing trees or cement or est advantage of all in climbing high concrete walls, but not wood, since and are therefore especially useful for the roots injure wooden houses, espe­ climbing trees. Many of the lianes cially those that are to be painted. in subtropical forests are of this class. 5. Then come the vines that mount But they are also likely to be fast high by means of CLASPING PE­ growing and dense so there is danger TIOLES, such as Clematis and Mau­ of shade killing your tree or breaking randia. Cle11'l.atis montana was espe­ it down from too great a weight of cially beautiful on a half grown Mon­ foliage. The Passion Vines (Passi­ terey Cypress tree on the University flora) and many of our so-called Big- of California grounds w her e each Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 3 spring it covered this formal young falling through to hang in plain sight tree with its pure white flowers--each -wisteria, Passiflom racemosa. one in plain sight. 7. To separate one section of a C. TRAILERS or creeping plants garden from another by use as hedges which are seldom of great length are on wire netting, or on posts and wire. used on embankments, for ground 8. To beautify, or to enframe a covers, for hanging baskets or even vIew. as edgings to flower beds. 9. To screen unsightly features, as An American architect, returning a barn, a laundry yard or an out­ from his studies in Europe where building. Such vines should be fast much attention was paid to the man­ growing, not so handsome as to at­ ner of training climbers, began to tract attention to the very features realize that Americans, especially Cal­ that they are to hide and should be ifornians, were using vines with little dense enough to screen adequately thought of their relation to architec­ without shutting out too much light ture. He found that we were smoth­ and air. ering our houses with climbers and covering up and weakening some of CHANGES OF FASHION IN THE USE the very features which he had la­ OF CLIMBERS bored long hours to make strong. The result was a campaign to educate the home gardeners on a few elementary To see how far we have gone in a principles of design-a few of which knowledge of the plants already in­ are herewith gleaned from various troduced, let us review some of the sources. changes in fashion of our vines in the Climbers may be used in various last twenty-five years. We would like ways: to appreciate s 0 m e of the subtle 1. To relate the house to the charms that may be wrought by the ground and make it fit into its sur­ skillful use of climbers and to record roundings. s 0 m e of the happy combinations, 2. To emphasize some f eat u r e whether by accident or design, that about the house, such as an entrance meet our eyes in our ordinary daily door, a window, a chimney. walks in life. 3. To emphasize a wall. For this Years ago in California our cot­ use a vine, like Boston Ivy that lies tages and two-story houses w ere flat on the wall and does not obscure smothered by quick-growing vines, the planes of the wall surface. especially white and yellow Banksia 4. To soften a wall. Use loose roses which climbed with great aban­ feathery vines that stand out from a don up the sides and over the roofs. building and break up its outlines, Sometimes the effect was charming such as clematis of all kinds, Distictis but more often it became a bewilder­ lactiflora and bignonias. ing tangle while nature worked joy­ 5. To make patterns on a wall as ously overtime in soft air and happy the Spanish love to do. environment. 6. To decorate arbors and pergo­ The equally vigorous Hall's Honey­ las. Use gracefully falling vines that suckle, or its near relative, the Red­ partially hide the construction, but v e i ned Chinese Honeysuckle, was do not stand stiffly erect above it. used over porches, pergolas and fences The ideal one also has the flowers in wild abandon. Unless these were 4 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 properly pruned every year or two come to the rescue, though now most­ they became too heavy for their sup­ ly under new names. ports or the lower laye rs of branches Formerly lantanas were in great became shade-killed by the luxurious demand, not only Lantana camara growth and made unsightly masses but four or fi ve of its dwarf varieties. that obscured the architecture or even They were seen every-where and in the destroyed the beauty of its lines. hot afternoon the color was too excit­ But Santa Barbara shows the great­ ing and not restful as the Spanish at­ est change in fashions in vines and mosphere demanded. At last we tired we will review changes seen there in of them used in hedges, borders and the last twenty-five years. as bedding plants instead of the old perennials that we have since learned In Santa Barbara, due to 'the in­ to grow. A raujias, on account of their flu ence of the architects, backed by quick growth, were quite popular for A rt Commissioners and public spirited a time but are now seldom seen, on ci tizens, there grew a fee ling for fine account of the disagreeable odor of buildings and a reputati on for artistic their bruised leaves. They never crept homes and beautiful business blocks. into our affections as has the gay The style of architecture is largely Distictis lactifio-ra. Spanish with more or less wide white wall spaces and small windows. This Another change has been the man­ brought about a change in style of ner of covering the walls of terrace climbers. Instead of the tall growing or house and keeping the vines within Evergreen Trumpet Vine (Phaed-ran­ a certain height, say two-thirds of the thus buccinato1'1:ns). the wide-spread­ height of the whole wall. The r e ing W onga-wonga Vine (Pandorea seemed to be a wire to mark this dis­ pando1'ana) , or the bright colored tance and all vin es, even the tallest Passion Vines (PassiflO1'a) that were growing, were ruthlessly cut down so much in evidence in the early days, to t hi s height - Flaming Trumpet we find a decided change in the style (Pyrostegia ignea.). Eve r g r e e n of vine planting. They are now mak­ Trumpet V ine (Plwedrallthus bucci­ ing patterns on their walls, rosettes, natorius) , Cat's Claw Trumpet (Dox­ garlands along the low roof lines, anth1.tS ~mguis-cati), all had to bow to w r ea t h s about thei r windows. re­ this rule of space relation . Such was o' strained planting of dark foliage vines, the usage in some of the channinb old such as English Ivy and its VarIetIes, Country Houses in Tuscany near in pots on either side of a doorway Florence. It is hard to say whether it where the two meet as one over th'e was the fashi on brought down from opening. The wide-spreading vigor­ ancient times or a modification of old ous vines have now been restrained Tuscan methods by the Engli sh who to follow certain patterns of trellises have bought homes in the north of fastened to the house abol1t windows Italy, At any rate, it is a fashion that and doors. They have all been pa­ is now gradually creepi ng into Santa tiently trained and ti ed to treillao-esb , Barbara on their Spanish houses. showing an immense amount of work Allamandas and A1'istolochia ele­ by men well trained in the art of ga11S, fo rmerly grown, are now sel­ pruning. These huge blank walls have dom seen as they will succeed only in called for tall, wide-spreading vines the most sheltered positions. and nobly has the Bignonia family Passifloras of many kinds, espe- , Jan:, 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 5

\ cially P . 11'1anicata, were quite com- largely in the garden picture, such as mon, but now are seldom seen, ex­ red pots for geraniums, yellow pots . cepting P. alato-cae1'ulea and P. race­ fo r nasturtiums, and blu e pots for lo­ . mosa·, due to the ravages of caterpil­ belia and petunias to enhance the col­ , lars. or of the fl owers."-Fr0111 November , S. olamt11l£ /if! endlandii formerly so 1935, H ouse and Gm'den, ' Mr. Eberlein , in hi s "Villas of I much used about the Mexican and Spanish gardens, is now seldom seen. F lorence and Tuscany," has charm­ Stig111,aphyllon ciliatu1n was intro­ in gly given the characteri sti cs of the duced into Santa Barbara in 1880 T uscan archi tecture about Florence how on account of unsettled condi and though.it has remarkably f ra(T r a n ~ ~ -orchid-like fl owers and very a;trac­ tions of the conntry, watchtowers were essenti al and then the strong­ five leaves it is still astonishingly , scarce. hold and the dependencies gathered about them ; how these fin ally en­ At Santa Barbara they also fre­ closed a space call ed a courtyard or quently use formal beds fill ed with cortile, and how the loggia beca 111.e a fl owering vines with low hedges about part of the house looking ont into the the beds; this instead of grass, which courtyard or the garden. bas been largely supplanted by J as- These loggias are now being in­ 1ninu1.11/, azoricum . and Engli sh Ivy of creasingly built into om California 'various varieties, Crimson Lake Bou­ houses and may be seen from South­ ganvillea, and T1'achelosper111,';'m jas­ ern California through Carmel up to '111,i11 0ides with M yrtus c om 111/, ~~ n i s San Francisco and farther nor t h . bedg.es, a little taller than the edging Their planting to climbers thus comes ,requIred for Jas1ninum azoricum. within the scope of our study. - ' There are days in Southern Cali­ Vines may be found on the resi­ fornia when the rays of the sun are dence draped gracefully over the out­ so, trying that one can hardly keep the eyes ' open enough to see the ground side surface of the loggia or they may upon ,which one treads. This is due be grown within the loggia itself l argely to the reflected light. It is climbing the ceiling and making a ,also due to the dazzling light of the fl oral bower. Wax Plant (H o'ya car­ atmosphere which some twenty-five nosa ) , Variegated Dee ringia (Deer­ years ago set the artists to send out ingia amamnthoides v a r i e ga t a ) , the, idea that countries with such re­ Small-leaved Creeping Fig (Ficus ,flected light could not show shadows P1,f,11,£ila minima ) and E vergreen Burn­ on ' their architecture and therefore ing Bush (Et~ o ny 11w~~s japonicns) are brilliant colors should be pia n ted so used in a loggia, but more often about such homes. N ow come Mar­ the .loggia is fi~l e d with bright sub­ jorie and George K ern, landscape tropIcal plants 111 pots. architects of L os Angeles, again ad­ The loggia has descended to us: vocating the use of hi ghly colored from Tuscan Italy as a happy relic of plants because they say "Let the home the past and is becoming more and builder build his colors with a bold more a delightful feature of our eye for the dazzling light of the at­ homes, bringing in, as it does, the mosphere absorbs so much color that garden to our very door steps. only the strongest tones are effective. Last of all comes the fashion of the Also the color of the co ntainers help white house adorned with the white 6 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

garden. It seems to have originated flora) , Chilean Jasmine (M andevilla in Santa Barbara and is gathering in suaveolens) , Royal Climber (Oxe·ra force, especially in regions where the pulchella) , Mad a gas car Jasmine man of the family commutes and ar­ (Stephanotis fl oribunda) , Rigid J as­ rives home rather late in the day. It mine (JaS1 '1'!inu1n rig1:d1,(,111,) , Star J as­ ena:bles one to come into a world of min e (T1'achelospermu111, jasminoi­ light and fragrance which he other­ des), and Vvhite Jasmine (Pandorea wise had to feel rather than to see. jas11'/'inoides alb a) . The r are and The following is by Lockwood de choice shrubs and trees were Natal Forest in Sall ta BGlrbara Ga1'dener Plum (CGlrissa grandiflora) , Chinese for July, 1928: "White walls, black Holl y (llex c01'nHta) , Holly Osman­ green foliage, mystery, fragrance, en­ thus (Osmanthus aquifolium) , Cata­ chantment, are the factors that lend lina Ironwood (L':yonotha11'l,nus fl ori­ to the building of the white stucco bundus) , white hybrid camellias and house of Latin type. The house may the magnolia. be excellent but the garden · built of :'the English landscape tradition de­ CLIMBERS CULTIVATED I N "stroys all possibility of Latin atmos­ CALIFORNIA phere. The garden planned along the lines of the Asiatic type (that is, ge­ A ctinidia chinens'is (Chinese Acti­ ometric pattern with balanced but nidia, Yangtao), Dilleniaceae, Japan ; usually unsymmetrical treatment of Korea; Manchuria. the plants in the beds), will give a . While this vine might grow well foundation on which to build true La­ in all parts of the state, it should be tin charm. Of the planting itself most appreciated in the Sacramento there are unlimited solutions, but one and San Joaquin Valleys for its sub­ of them is always effective in any of tropical appearance. its variations. By eliminating the col­ Its dark rich leaves, four to six or scheme and using white fl owering inches long , look well against house plants onl y, a degree of dignity and walls of any color but when used strength can be obtained that is diffi­ against a white wall it is far more at­ cult to equal with any other combina­ tractive than when used on a brown tion. The fact of the white back­ wooden wall-due to the greater con­ ground for white fl owers gives a sub­ trast in color. It will cover a space tlety almost unobtainable with any 30 by 30 feet and is somewhat scan­ other medium." tlent so that it must have a support. "The possibilities of the . \yhite gar­ It looks especially well on a trellis, den become apparent whel) going ovet: to which it may be readily tied. and the plant material. There are many makes a good cover for a fence; also foliage plants that should be consid­ an acceptable porch screen for sum­ ered when planning a white garden mer and fall, then becoming leafl ess as the great variation of greens give tor the winter months to allow light the necessary contrast, while the vari­ and air into the livi ng rooms. It is ations of the white make a subtle har­ rather fast growing as it will grow ten mony that is charming." The white feet in a season. It is not so attrac­ vines seen in this garden were Azores tive on a pergola as a grape vine but is Jasmine (Jas111,imt111, azo1'icu111,) , Her­ much more rare. Also it takes more ald's Trumpet (Bea1,m~ontia grmldi- care to train it about a pergola post Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 7

Matthews & D1won 8 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

than to guide a grape vine and when makes a tart sauce like gooseberry. it reaches the top of the pergola its "Not generally grown in southern shoots stand up stiffly where we de­ California because of its tenderness sire a vine to lie rather flat. below 27 degrees. A vine on our lath The flowers are borne singly or in house in Ontario froze each winter, groups of three or more, but unfor­ but came back to make a fine vine. tunately they are more or less con­ A large vine, 30 feet high, in Santa cealed by the leaves. At first a creamy Monica bears fruit. Grows in full white they later change to yellowish sun. Likes goocl drainage but this with buff lines and resemble a single does not seem to be essential as soil rose two inches in diameter, although in Santa Monica is adobe. Fruits on every now and then the petals seem second year wood." (}. A. Gooch.) to double. The yellow stamens are "VI ants south exposure as it frosts quite numerous but more or less hid­ easily. Moderately affected by mealy den by many radiating styles with bug." (Lucia Fox Edwards, Pasa­ club-shaped stigmas. As the flowers dena. ) are in bloom only about two or three weeks the value of the vine lies in its Akebia quinata (Five-leaved Ake­ foliage and its large size, which aods bia), Lardizabalaceae, China ; Japan; a subtropical note to regions typically Korea. north temperate in appearance. This is fast growing, quite hardy Glancing critically at the leaves you and evergreen in most sections of Cal· will see that the upper surface is dark ifornia, though it drops its leaves for green and shining with numerous a short time in regions of heavy frost. veins that end in coarse fibres at the Its leaves are smaller than those of edges of the leaves like the sticks of Akebia lobata but far more dainty and an unfinished basket. There are also attractive since its elliptical-ovate leaf­ cross veins between the main veins, lets are arranged in a semi-circle with making these leaves distinctive and their long petioles drawn to one cen­ easily recognized once you see them. ter, holding each leaflet in full sight. All of the veins are depressed on the The flowers are maroon, almost upper side of the leaf and stand out chocolate in color and rather incon­ promil1,el1tly beneath. The under side spicuous if compared with such flow­ is grayis1:i, due to the numerous hairs ers as the Cam,psis 1'adicans, but they on it. are interesting botanically from the The flowers which were cut for this fact that there are two kinds of flow­ photograph lasted two days in water ers on the same branch - the stami­ while those left on the bush bloomed nate, or smaller ones at the ends of for two or three weeks. the racemes, while the larger pistillate It can be propagated either by flowers are attached below them. seeds or by cuttings. They bloom either in March, April or It casts too dense a shade in Berke­ May for several weeks, depending ley's cool summers for an overhead upon the locality, and are prized for shelter where we need shifting light their fragrance. They are soon fol­ to be able to sit outside, but in Fresno lowed by pinkish-white fruits 2 to 3 and Bakersfield the foliage of the inches long, which quickly change to actinidia will be none too dense. The lavender with age. The fruit does fruit is over an inch in diameter and not last long enough to be really orna- Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 9

Matthews A lleb·ia qu.inata 10 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

mental, but is said to be edible and tremely healthy and clean, does not eagerly sought for in Japan. grow rank, is a good green color and The akebia may be propagated in dust does not get on its foliage." It various ways, by seeds, by cuttings­ can therefore in general be recom­ either hard or soft wood-by layering mended for the Sacramento and San or by root division. Joaquin Valley regions. Prune it according to the use you "N ot popular in southern Cali­ are to make of it. If a dense screen is fornia because of lack of color and desired, prune to keep it clear of dead its deciduous habit. Will grow in wood; if for a column or a pergola half shade or full sun. Does well in then keep it to one or two stems of heavy soil. Blooms in early sum­ young growth. mer. Loses leaves late and is back It is recommended more for the in leaf early. Best used as a cover texture of its foliage masses than its for stone or brick walls. Likes strong flowers and is used especially for ar­ pruning as it blooms on new wood." bors and pergolas as it makes an ade­ (]. A. Gooch.) quate shade on top and yet the foli­ "Growing for six-seven years in ab­ age on the sides can be made to hang solute shade with no attention except evenly to the ground. It can also be water. Roots fairly on top of an old trained around pillars or columns if Cypress tree's roots. Blooms each young shoots are used. year during early summer and has a As a fence cover it is very satis­ spread of some six feet and height factory. One vine can be made to go of some fifteen or more in the Cy­ far on a fence even for thirty feet, press Tree." (Nova Beecher.) rather than planting many specimens "Blooms in April for two or three to grow only in an upright position. weeks, likes half-shade. No special Five-leaved akebia is also used for care. Will stand sandy soil." (Lucia walls of houses, for sturnps of trees or Fox Edwards.) better yet, for climbing trees them­ Note: 111 O1'der to show you the selves. It is very attractive over the flowers we have sacrificed the beauty rails of a rustic fence, even more pic­ of the leaves as the young ones here turesque than the Small-leaved Creep­ shown are soft, immature, and lack ing Fig which was also used for the the size and texture of the 1nature same purpose. The akebia stands out leaves which are 1'eally dainty and pic­ more naturalistically while the creep­ turesque, with enough grace to ap­ ing fig clings tightly and shows the pear charming 1:12 every location. exact outline of the structure. As a ground cover in Golden Gate Ampelopsis arb01'ea (Pepper Vine), Park it was lovely over some brown­ Vitaceae, North America, Mexico. ish-gray rocks, better than Boston Ivy which is also used for the same pur­ This is an interesting deciduous pose. climber from our own North Amer­ Akebia q~£i11ata likes the sun, though ica and native to the southern states it will grow in shade, must have good from Virginia to Florida; also ·found.­ drainage and no sour soil. Mr. V or­ in Mexico_ triede, State Gardener, recommends it While it will not survive the rigors for Sacramento region as being "one of northern United States it is quite of their best fence vines since it is ex- happy in California, especially so in J an., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 11

Matthews Ampelopsis Gl'borea 12 THE NAT IONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE J an., 1936 the San J oaquin Valley, where it A vine which is reported as bloom­ thrives luxuriantly and is used on ing from spring to autumn in regions house walls, pergolas, a screen to of heat and moisture or from late porches and also to climb trees. Miss summer into the fall in less favored K . O. Sessions introduced it into San regions. R eports on the blooming Diego about 1913 and planned to usc peri od vary greatly in the different it as an embankment plant since it secti ons of the state-from June to suckered freely and seemed to lend October or from September to O c­ itself to ground cover use. ~t was tober. It also fl owers young, as a sold to her as an evergreen vme by plant two years old was four feet tall the Biltmore N ursery but has proved and in bloom. It had also bloomed to be deci duous in San Diego. the year before, but it is not wise to A t Madeira it is on a pergola, min­ recommend its blooming in one year gled with H all 's H oneysuckle, roses as people have many times been and grape vines but it generall y man­ known to have impati ently pulled its aged to get to the top to the light and tubers up after one year's growth. It air and thus demonstrate its great is better to allow three years before it vitality. It hangs down gracefully for becomes spectacular in any way. two feet over the top of the pergola. Its fl owers are pink the same shape Its leaves are twice compound and and with the same kind of seeds as very pleasing in appearance. They are the buckwheat. Sepals fi ve, colored a 1 t e rn a t e because Dame Nature to take the place of the corolla, two changed one of each leaf into a tendril of them narrower than the others. to enable the plant to climb up twenty The fl owers are in al1 xillary racemes o r forty feet, more or less. and also in tufts on the ends of the There seem to be two ways to han­ branchlets. There may be as many dle this plant. In Modesto it is cut as twenty-three fl owers in one raceme. t o the ground each year but suckers It climbs by tendrils on the ends of a nd comes up fresh and tender, while the racemes and can mount trees as in Fresno Mrs. Cook grew it to one high as fo rty feet. These tendrils are stem, one to two inches in diamter, two to three inches long when young which kept ali ve all winter. This wi th side tendrils. Aft erwards they growth probably did not die down twist and turn until they are only each year because of the numerous an inch long as it strives to lift the protecting trees growing on M rs. plant high in the air. M r. R eeves of Cook's place. Beverly H ills said, " It grew fi ve feet If the San J oaquin people tire of this year and is just beginning to their much used Virginia Creeper bl oom. It is deciduous, di es down and their Boston Ivy, why not give every year here, but not so in Mexico this P epper Vine a trial ? It is not where it is only partially decidl1 ous. I usuall y so vi gorous and tall as they, never saw such a sight. It was grow­ its fl owers are of no consequence, but ing along the beach as fa r as your its shining black seeds, as large as a eye cO l1lc! see and one-eighth of a mile pea, add much to the picture. toward the timbe r. It hangs from trees and crawls along the sancl for Antignon l ePtop~!S (Rosa de Mon­ fi ve miles in one solid sheet of pink ; t a n a; Love Vine), Polygonaceae, won derful." M exico. Mr. Gooch reports, " It grows like J an. , 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 13

William A. MatthezCJs Antignon leptopbuds, are exquisitely formed. They scale abounds this plant is its prey are so architectural that one wonders but where the winter temperature is why they have not found their way cold enough to kill the tops it is an more generally into artistic stone herbaceous plant; growing vigorously work or other arts as they seem to from the tuberous roots and blooming lend themselves to such treatment profusely. If the vine is taken down with their rigid formal looking flow­ and covered with dry earth or sand ers. and kept dry it will survive the win­ Plants may be grown either from ters of any of the interior valleys seeds or cuttings, those from seed of the state. It is worth all the care planted in July at Napa were in Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 15

Ma.tthews Amujia se1;i.cofera 16 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

bloom by the following October, in a by some other vine to hide this defect. little over a year. It is said that In some localities it resows itself plants with milky juice are hard to over the whole garden and is almost root from cuttings. a pest. Its fruits come on in late summer. Amujia sericofem seems to be ad­ They are quite large, from two to mired in a way but there is no deep three inches long and shaped some­ affection for it possibly on account thing like those of the milkweed and of the milky juice which streams from like them are filled with seeds that it when bruised and especially when have wings to waft them away far the seed pods are removed early in from the mother plant. the season to prolong the blooming It climbs by twining and twisting period. itself about any object within reach, and is especially annoying by twisting Aspamgus falcatus, (Sickle Thorn) , in knots about its own stems. It is Liliaceae, South Africa. not a vine that can be easily trained but must have its own sweet way, Although this is a rather new in­ which debars it from many useful troduction and seems not to have been purposes. However, it has been seen tried out very generally it has great climbing up the side of a house on a promise, especially for the southern wire, as a porch screen, on high walls part of the state. Instead of leaves and as a winter protection to a lath it has cladodes, which closely resem­ house where rare plants were kept. ble leaves. These are a dark green, But as the danger to the plants under two to four inches long and about a the laths was from summer sun even quarter of an inch broad. They do more than from winter cold a second not cast a deep shade and are thus vine was planted with the Araujia, especially fitted for lath houses where the deciduous Chilean Jasmine (M an­ they give shifting shade to the plants. villa suaveolens). In La Jolla it is a perfect lath house It is apt to have scale on it but is climber where it grew at least twenty also an enemy of insects as it is another feet in two years with a spread of o.{ ,the plants -that lure them by its sweet forty feet. Here it is very fast grow­ Ihoney and then slowly entrap them. ing, a dark feathery looking green It keeps well for four days as a cut that stands the harsh ocean winds and flower and bears close scrutiny on ac­ makes a good contrast with the blue count of the perfection of its flowers. sky and the green ocean near by. In It has been praised by a San Diego the lath house were also quantities of man as having flowers equal to in bignonias, mostly in shades of pink size if not larger, than those of ste­ and red, so well and successfully phanotis, but in the San Francisco grown in San Diego. There were al­ Bay region, the araujia does not C0111- so various filmy ferns, both tall and pare with it either in beauty of flow­ short, that added greatly to the ap­ er or leaf or fragrance. pearance of the collection. It seems to be somewhat drought In northern California the Sickle tolerant and is used mostly as a per­ Thorn is very successful and is quite gola vine as it covers the overhead hardy as it came up from the roots structure well , but is leggy below and after our great 1932-33 freeze. It is must be supplemented by a shrub or growing well in shade under a small J an., 1936 T H E NATIONAL H ORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 17

Matthews Asparagus fa lcatus 18 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936. tree and has the appearance of being fern had been supplied in the first a permanence there. place the cladodes would have kept a It climbs by thorns that turn down­ week without dropping. So as mat­ ward. It is thus easy to climb a tree ters stands, do not buy bouquets gar­ but hard to pull down on account of nished by Asparagus Fern for your the resistance of these thorns. friends in hospitals. It is reported as growing in Florida These climbers, fifteen to twenty but their climate causes it to grow feet tall or more, grow in sun or coarse and vigorous and even woody. shade, have g r ace full y arching branches and give an airy lightness "At Ontario where growing under lath, it shows little to interest the to any group. VV. Robinson of Eng­ public. Seems to be shrubby and land says they use it in a border of lacking in interest. Have not ob­ flowers or in a bed of fine-leaved served it out of doors." 0. A. Gooch.) plants. It combines well with Diosma eri­ coides as they are of the same shade Asparagus plumosus (Fern Aspara­ of green. gus), Liliaceae, South Africa. U sed as a screen to the end of a A soft looking asparagus which porch in Oakland it was particularly may be used mostly throughout all charming combined with a climbing sections of the state even where se­ rose. It softened the browning leaves vere frosts may cut it to the ground. of the roses. In Bakersfield it keeps green all win­ There are many forms of Aspara­ ter with ordinary care or with slight gus plu7noSUS sold by our various shelter. Its true leaves are reduced nurserymen, but they have discarded to scales while its branchlets, called the one they called Asparagus H atch­ cladodes, are green and leaf-like. In eri as being particularly objectionable the Asparagus Fern these cladodes with cut flowers. They have a dwarf are needle-like, the branches are tr'i­ form, var. nanus, another one called angular in shape and the whole effect var. compactus, and the so-called is extremely graceful, especially if the Lutzi which seems to be a trade flowers, as in our illustration, outline name. this triangular shape in tiny white "It does especially well under lath flowers or in its small black fruit. or on the north side. Used as a filler Fern Asparagus is highly recom­ for bouquets. Bears many seeds that mended by nurserymen as a cut flow­ turn black when ripe. Ten to twelve er as it softens the appearance of feet high. Old parts die and become even the most angular bouquets. But unsightly if not pruned out. Likes in hospitals it has been found that heavy soil." 0. A. Gooch.) florists too often do not sell the fresh "Berries from December-January, Asparagus Fern and the result is that Fifteen feet high on a support. Any the branchlets begin to shed their exposure, Does well on the north side cladodes at once and make so untidy of a house and in driveway, stands a mess that nurses bring in your fresh strong winds and drafts, light frosts." bouquet with its tidy green fern in (George' B. Furniss.) all its fresh beauty to show you, but "Very hardy; good in shade up to when they leave the room for a vase fifteen feet tall. Practically ever­ they return without the fern. If fresh green." (Nova Beecher.) Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 19

Matthews

Asparagus pht11WSIIS 20 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

Campsis radica'l1s (formerly Te­ It needs full sun to develop its best coma 1'adicans) , Bignoniaceae, Trump­ fl owers though it wiIl live in partial et Vine, Trumpet Creeper, Pennsyl­ shade. It is hardy as it has been vania to Florida and T exas, U. S. known to grow well from Davis through the Sacramento and San Olle of our native North American J oaquin Valleys as far as Bakersfield climbers that grows in moist woods atJd also along the coast countries to from Pennsylvania to Florida aad San Diego. It is fast growing and Texas and westward to Illinois. It al­ should be given considerable room to so grows in swampy land in some of develop. It likes rich moist soil but the Eastern states where it climbs seems to do weIl in ordinary soil with trees and grows so rank that it is an occasional irrigation or sprinkling considered almost a pest. In less wet fr 0111 the hose. lands hedg-es are made of it to be Nature has been liberal for this beq ueathed as heirlooms since it is climber may be propagated fro m considered long-li ved. Such hedges seeds, hard or soft wood cuttings and might also be grown in California in by laye rs. the interior valleys as trumpet creeper Its ll ses are various. It was planted is deciduous and grows its own fence on the side of a house on an archway posts while such evergreen climbers to hide the front yard from the rear. as we use for hedges in California It was quite charming in full blo0111 in need both posts and wires or a wire A ugust with the fl owers on the ends nettillg.* of the branches ill orange-scarlet clus­ Trumpet Creepers in fuIl bloom 011 ters of twelve to twenty-five fl owers our noble American forest trees were in fl111 sight, their tubes three inches a glorious sight and so impressed the long and the mouth of the fl ower early settlers on the Atlantic coast nearly two inches. Underneath this that they wrote glowing accounts of archway to one side were gaillardias them and sent home seeds to England that carried the color note of the where it is known that they were cul­ fl owers and J( (,7Tia japon1:ca with the tivated as early as 1640. They bloom sa me shape leaves as the leafl ets of on new wood in SU111m er and faIl and the trumpet creeper. consequently should be pruned after The leaves are compound, about a fl owering. This pruning is done every foot long with nille to eleven serrate year in England as their frequent leafl ets, which give ample green to rains cause immense growths of foli­ set off the fl owers. They linger on age. In California "it should be pruned until some time in December or Jan­ at least once every three years to pre­ uary when the Trumpet Creeper be­ vent the accumulation of too many comes barren, drops its leaves and dead branches." (Vortriede.) prepares for a short winter rest. The trumpet creeper also makes *Trumpet Creeper hedges. "Set the plants good porch screens in SLl111m er and three feet apart against some sticks, pru ne down to three feet to insure strong lateral drops its leaves in time to let the SLln branches. Before the sticks have rotted away the v ines w ill have developed self-supporting into the hOl1 se in winter. It wiII quick­ trunks of their own. Train the lateral branches back and attach to galvanized wire strung {rom ly cover an old rockpile or climb up stake to stake. In a few years t his h edge will grow in crea.singly more beautiful, a \vall of taIl waIls. O n an arbor, due to the clean, handsome foli age and gorgeous fl owers weight of its numerous fl owers, it a heritage one is proud to bequeath to 0ne'; children." bends grace fuIl y down only partiaIly Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 21

Matthews Campsis md·icans 22 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936· hidinCT architectural lines. Or, if not Balloon Vine (Cardiospe1'111u111 H ali­ want:d on an ar.bor, it will gaily cover cacab,t£1n) from Tpopical America and a back fence or a rustic pergola or an the Evergreen Balloon Vine (Car­ out house. As it blooms in late sum­ diosper1nwn hil' St£t1£1n ) from Africa, mer and fall it need not conflict in These two species resemble each other color scheme with the early spring quite closely, the leaves of each being vines which are then out of blo0111. biternate and coarsely toothed. Those In fact it can help to create a second of the Evergreen Balloon Vine, how­ color scheme in the garden in late ever, are larger, each leaflet more ro­ summer and fall with such aids as bust and the apex not so acuminate as the Cape Honeysuckle (Teco1na1'ia in the Common Balloon Vine; als0 cape11 sis) , C r 0 s s Vine (Bigno11ia the stalk of the leaf is longer which capl'eolata) and the hybrid forms of throws the foliage further away from Lantana camara. It is hard to tell the stem and makes it more open. just why this gorgeous climber is not You may also distinguish them by used more in the San Joaquin Valley. their inflated pods which are round In autumn this, or T eC011w,ria ca­ in the Common Balloon Vine; also pensis, the Cape Honeysuckle, or the pointed below in the Evergreen Bal­ Cross Vine would brighten up many loon Vine. a dreary old garden. There is also a difference in their "Quite hardy. Deciduous. Climbs hardiness as the Common Balloon twelve to fifteen feet. Not as showy Vine is often seen in regions of severe as Tecomaria cape11sis which is used frosts such as Fresno, while the Ever­ here more where conditions permit. green one seeks a milder climate, and Blooms in early summer on new is more largely grown in southern wood. Not particular as to soil. Likes California though it is doing well in full sun." (J. A. Gooch.) the Bay Region, and was not killed "This is the hardy old standby on when the thermometer went down to our back fence. Cannot kill them, 17 degrees, As we have no photo­ rooting everywhere it strikes earth. graph of the Common Balloon Vine In sun or part shade, blooming from we will leave it in the Sacramento­ June to September. Give it plenty of San J oaqu in Valleys and turn our at­ ro0111." (Nova Beecher.) tention to the Evergreen Balloon "Blooms in May for 4 weeks; large Vine. Its tendrils are unique. They and woody; likes sun; is deciduous are opposite a leaf, on long stalks here and has black scale." (Lucia Fox three inches when in flower and five Edwards.) inches when in fruit, and curl up like a cork screw but in two different di­ Ca1'diospe1'm1111 '~ hi1'sutwn (E v e r­ rections, thus enabling the plant to green Balloon Vine), Sapindaceae, grasp a support from any direction. Africa. Beyond it are the flowers and later C(lnlio = heart; spe1'1nU,11tf, = seed. the fruit, four or five of which can be So named because there is a heart­ supported by this pair of tendrils. shaped white mark on the dark seeds. These pods are fully as interesting as Of the thirty-five or more Balloon the flowers and far more ornamental. Vines listed in Index Kewens,is only The pods are green, two inches long two seem to be grown as ornamentals and an inch and a half broad. They in California. These are the common are densely hairy and bear six ridges Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL i\{AGAZINE 23

Matthews Cardiospc1'1mt1n hirsut1t1n Jan., 1936 24 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE or ribs from top to bottom, three or northern California it is grown out­ them being more prominent than the side in southern California to a others. On inves tigati on there are limited extent, though even there " it found to mark the walls to which par­ will succeed only in very well pro­ titions are attached on the inside, di­ tected places and in partial shade." viding the interior into three portions The late Mr. Lyon in hi s "Gardening with one seed fa stened to each wall. in California" stated, " It is sometimes This partition is thin and crape-like cut to the ground and recuperates it­ and easily crushed. The i n t e ri o r self to the point of fl owering again valves of the pods are smooth and the following season." Mr. Peter shining while every part of the out­ Riedel has also grown it outside in sid e is exceedingly hairy. Santa Barbara so that we know that The Evergreen Balloon Vine is it is possible to grow this rare and rather coml11on in southern Californid. beautiful plant if given the proper especially in Santa Barbara where it cultural care. It should be given a is used on arbors, pergolas and on warm situation away from harsh fences. In the Bay R egion it is seen winds, with plenty of moisture and clambering joyously over bushes and should be sprayed occasionally with upon the broad sides of houses where garden Volek. It is not the plant for it will cover an immense space in a the careless gardener. short time. It is always either in As grown in eastern greenhouses it bloom or full of its inflated pods that usually "bloo ms from May continu­ dance up and down in the brisk wind. ously through the summer until Sep­ But best of all it loves to clamber over tember" while at the green house in trees where the tendrils fasten them­ the University of California at Berke­ selves to every limb as it pulls itself ley it has been continuously in bloom up higher until it covers trees and for over two years. Why this differ­ shrubs with a green mantle. For­ ence in length of time that Glory Vine tunately when it intrudes where it is blooms in California as compared not wanted it can easily be pulled with the eastern four or fi ve months, down and destroyed for otherwise it both being in greenhouses? Our Cal­ might he somewhat of a pest. One ifornia specimen was fifteen feet tall vine will grow thirty feet over a fence in July and had twenty-two bunches or quite as high on a house. It may of fl owers upon it. These fl owers are be propagated from cutti ngs or from very showy consisting of five white seeds but IS grown commercially calyxlobes, in the center of which is from cuttings. a single scarlet corolla, which lasts While it is interesting and useful fo r several days; then the scarlet it will never have the affection of flower droops and is soon lost in the Californians which our more gorgeous circl e of the calyx which keeps its or our more everblooming plants have pure white color for about three usurped. weeks and then turns pink, a deeper pink, and finally purpli sh. As it still Clerodel1dron Thomsonae-Syn. C. holds on it must be pruned off in or­ Balfouri-(Glory Vine; Bag V ill e), der to make room fo r the new buds Verbellaceae, West Africa. which appear shortly after the oU While this IS a tender evergreen flowers are removed. Pruning must vine and seen only in greenhouses in not be severe and should rather be a Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MAGAZINE 2S

Matthews Clerode1~droJ/ ThomS011Ge 26 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 thinning out than a cutting back. Glory Vine is grown successfully T ake care not to cut beyond the first outside in Florida according to Mr. joint or node below the fl owers nor Harold Mowry, and "blooms during to injure the new buds appearing in the summer months." There they the axils of the leaves. This is im­ "grow them on t.rellises and arbors, portant as you do not care to cut off or anything about which it can climb. ' the chance of fl'ower s which are borne They propagate it by cuttings and do on the short young sh oots on the old not mention seed. wood. This plant was first sent to Mr. The leaves are opposite with three Balfour of Edinburgh in 1861 by strongly marked lines from the base Mrs. W. C. Thomson, wife of a mis­ and are about six inches long by three sionarv on the west coast of tropical inches wide. These furnish all the Africa-. Balfour, being a botanist de­ needed background for the flow ers. scribed the plant and named it C. Although the Glory Vine is a twi­ Thomso11ae after Mrs. Thomson, but ner it is found best to tie it to a sup­ since it was seen at Balfour's home in port-in this case a pipe-to prevent Scotland by plantsmen and gardeners its twisting its stems, which is not they spoke of it as Balfour's Clero­ only a disfiguring habit but prevents dendron, hence the confusion of call­ the nourishing sap from reaching all ing it C. Balfouri. T o have his name parts of the plant. " It needs a great as author of a new plant is far more deal of water and suffers if allowed honor than to have a plant named to get too dry. The first year it was after him. given ammonium sulphate and Clay's "It is too tender for outdoor use fertilizer, but as the latter is rather ex­ 'in practically all parts of southern pensive, Gaviota, a complete fertilizer, California. It makes a beautiful con­ was used instead in the second year, servatory vine and one in a cloth while the ammonium sulphate gave house at Newport Beach was ten fe et way to calcium nitrate, which seemed high and is beautiful. It blooms many to suit the plant even better. For a m 0 nth s in the summer." 0. A. pot in the greenhouse use a teaspoon­ Gooch.) ful of Gaviota to an eighteen-inch pot, but for a Glory Vine growing on the C obaea scal'ldel1S (Cup-and-Saucer outside use sparingly one table spoon­ Vine) , Polemoniaceae, Mexico. ful t o a gallon of water." Budd. The jet black fruit, enclosed in a calyx, is What can be said about this attrac­ com:posed of four nutlets not quite tive climber? The more it is studied separate at the base. the more fascinating it becomes. First This specimen sets seed now and of all it climbs by tendrils at the end then. One of them when planted ger­ of the compound leaves-young ten­ minated in ,three weeks. It is now a drils fi ve and six inches long that at plant a little over two years old and first are straight and then begin to t.wo and a half feet tall. It bloomed curl and twist and turn until it has when less than two years old but it is reached a support by which it may disappointing so far, as its co rolla climb. It will go up a rough wall by has not developed any further than means of its two-pronged tendrils a small whitish knob, leaving the which dig and cling with amazing calyx flapping rather emptily. strength as it goes higher and higher Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 27

Ma.tthews Cobaea scallde'lls Jan., 1936 28 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE and bears up those heavy leaves and five to forty feet. Another part of this flowers. The strength of these ap­ vine climbed twenty feet to the eaves parently frail young tendrils is aston­ and then fell down in a sheet of flow­ ers and a solid mass of leaves. Each ishing. They will catch hold of a flower was in the axil of a leaf, six woolen coat and cling so tenaciously inches apart, and hanging on long that they can only be torn away by a flower stalks fully a foot long. The great effort. Their strength is all the effect was charming. more amazing when the size of these The large flowers were well in sight young threads is observed. They will and easily observed. They were bell­ also dig into your flesh with a sur­ shaped, three and a half inches long prising grasp though not quite as by two and one-fourth inches wide. savagely as that of the Cat's Claw At first they were green in the un­ Vine. These tendrils are on the ends opened bud, then turned lavender, of the compound leaves and take the violet and finally a deep purple. Five place of a leaflet which nature has stamens hung far out of each bell, the transformed. versatile anthers hanging onto the Each leaf is made up of from four ends of the long filaments until the to six leaflets, green, succulent and pollen was discharged when each fila­ oval in shape while the lower pair is ment made a complete curl and tucked sessile and eared or hastate and has a the useless anthers out of sight inside flower bud set between them (illus­ the bell. This process seemed to be tration: page 27, detached portion on aided by shortening the length of the right, as' it was out of focus). These filaments by a waving of their whole flower buds are green, in the shape of length and drawing them inside the five wings, which grow larger and bell-a very interesting contrivance. larger and finally separate into the This vine began to bloom in May and five-parted calyx w hi c h eventually in October, when last observed, it was forms the saucer of the cup. This still flowering profusely. It may safe­ calyx continues to grow into a leaf­ ly be said to bloom at least six months like structure which protects first the in Berkeley or fro111 April or May un­ flower and then the fruit until it til the frost cuts off the flowers. This ripens its seed, throws them out of year early spring rains gave ab\lndant the three-valved capsule and its work moisture so the Cup-and-Saucer was is done. never more beautiful. The ground The Cup-and-Saucer Vine that was cover beneath it was \N'andering Jew most observed for this article was which is quite in keeping with the from a self-sown seedling on the shape and texture of the Cup-and­ north side of an L-shaped house and Saucer. was thus given protection from the Beside forming a screen for porches westerly winds of the San Francisco this vine has been trained over an en­ Bay. The first year the seedling grew trance door on the west side of a ten feet or more by means of a trellis house. The effect was joyous; also on which it climbed with very little interesting for one might study the aid. The next spring it grew higher, various details as he waited at the up to and upon the roof, over the door. other side of the house and upon the It seems to grow from the San summer house, a distance of thirty- Francisco regIon along the coast as jan" 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 29

Matthews Distictis lactifioTCt 30 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 far as San Diego and in the less It is reasonably fast growing as it heated summers of the towns like is known to have grown fifteen feet San J ose, H ayward and the like, but tall and four feet wide in on€ year not in the extremely hot portions of and has covered a space twenty-five the San J oaquin Valley where there feet wide in two years in Santa Bar­ is not enough moisture to grow it in bara, and has been grown from seed sum mer. to eighteen or twenty feet in San Diego in one year. In Santa Barbara it is said to be C obaea sca1lliens var. alb a. hard to propagate as seeds are seldom There is a,lso a \ i\T hite Cup-and­ borne there but it can be rooted from Saucer Vine which is lovely for those the tender tips. who seek an all white garden, seem­ It will grow either on an east, ingly a coming fashi on. It is good south or west wall ( de F orest) and over trees and in every other use that is reported as seeking the shade, the purple-flowered form has been though there are many instances of tried. its doing quite as well in the full sun. "It is grown fr ol11 seed but is not It is said to be one of the showiest in general \1 se. H ave seen it climbing vines of the sea coast regi on but we on fences on Laguna Beach ." (J. A. have hope of growing it further in­ Gooch.) land as it will stand frost down to 24 "As an annual it used to be one of degrees. The specimen from which my mother's favorite vines, blooming this photograph was taken, however, readily from see el the first year. It is was grown at San J ose on the south not grown now, perhaps because other wall of a brick building with ample haxdier material has come into style. " sun and heat, but protected by a bur­ (Nova Beecher.) lap fo r the two months of heaviest "Very fast growin g. 20 inches a frosts. Therefore it was not killed in year. Likes any s un n y situation. the 1932-33 freeze even though the H ardy, dies down hut comes up temperature went down to 17 degrees. again. Gets mealy b\1 g and black The young leaves in opposite pairs scale." (Lucia F ox Edwards.) have three leafl ets but in the old leaves the third leafl et is replaced by a reverse tendril with three divisions Did ictis lac tifi o1'a , Bignoniaceae, Mexico. by each of which the vine can cling tenaciously to many supports without This is a rather recent introduction breaking its hold. into southern California which had The fl owers are two or three inches in stant popularity on account of its long and fully as broad at the mouth gay color and long blooming season. and are in panicles at least six inches It blooms for eight months in Santa long and fi ve inches broad. The ulti· Monica (Evans) and frol11 June to mate division of the panicles are in November in Santa Barbara (de F or­ sets of threes, the middle one coming est), while in San Diego Miss Ses­ into bloom first and followed later by sions reports that it blooms in sum­ the other two in turn. This increases mer and lasts until winter ; thus fill­ its long blooming peri od, which con­ ing a time between the ea rly spring tinues as long as new shoots can be bl ooms and those of late fall. kept growing or until frost cuts them Jan. , 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 31

Matthews Doxantha w~g~~ i s-cati 32 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

off. These flowers come out purple roofs or sides of houses. It blooms in or blue-violet, first turn lavender and early spring, generally for about a later become almost white, all three month in April or May, though a late colors seen at the same time but quite season ma v cause it to linger into in harmony with each other. The tube June. Its flowers are a brilliant yel­ is almost white streaked with lavender low, three inches long by two and while the eye of the flower is also a half inches broad, with darker lines white. running down to the throat. As one would suppose, Distictis Its leaves are opposite, each with lach/lora has become a general fa­ two leaflets, the third leaflet having vorite as an ornamental, as it is espe­ been turned into a tendril with a claw. cially pleasing when trained horizon­ by means of which the plant is able tally across the roof of a white one­ to climb houses of stone, brick, ce­ story bungalow or growing high on a ment or wood. tall gray house as it is bright and This is one of the vines that may cheerful and gives grace and color. be used as a delicate tracery on a Its flowers never appear crowded in gray cement house. It must be pruned their loose panicles and the leaves yearly to keep it dainty as it should amply furnish a background to the not be allowed to cover the architec­ flowers. The photograph was taken ture completely. in November-late in the season, so A plant in Berkeley is on a north that you do not see the profusion of wall and climbs by its claws to the bloom nor can you imagine the origi­ top of the house. It first rambled over nal gayety and sparkle as the wind the balcony and onto the eaves and tosses the flowers high in the air. sent out feathery sprays sidewise be­ Take note and watch, for it will fore it hurdled to the roof. apparently go far in the affeCtion of It can also be grown with sprays garden lovers and may eventually be­ falling down the side of a building. come hardy enough to succeed in the On the Capitol grounds at Sacra­ warmer interior valleys, since it can mento the main stem had side shoots develop a woody bark. about a foot or more long upon which "It is a fine bluish lavender trumpet the leaves were grown. These side vine. Fast growing, free blooming shoots hang down so thickly that they and hardy above 24 degrees. Blooms form a perfect screen and the weight in summer for many months. Stands of the flowers keeps them hanging heat better than Clytostoma calliste­ gracefully. gioides (formerly Big11,onia violacea) It is hardy and stands frost close to which it resembles when it is in zero or even below it, and is the only bloom. The foliage is more like that so-called bignonia that will grow in of Phaedmnthus b~Kcinat01-ius. Seems the Imperial Valley. Therefore it is to be a very strong grower." (]. A. one evergreen vine that can be grown Gooch.) in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys as it was doing well at Fresno Doxantha ung1tl:s-cati (Cat's Claw where an old vine had stems nearly Trumpet), Bignoniaceae, W. Indies a foot through and in Bakersfield at to Argentina. Mrs. Holtby's it grew thirty feet in A vine that loves to climb high and height on a south wall. spread its leaves over wide spaces on It has few enemies or none and it~ Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 33

one fault seems to be that it is leggy verted into a breath· taking bower of below, sometimes for as much as bloom by a complete cover of the yel­ twenty feet. In an interview with low and lavender flowering trumpet Miss K. O. Sessions she states how vines, all growing and blooming to­ this legginess may be rem e die d . gether. "Pruning. It is wise to cut back the "It has been tried in Stockton but first year's growth to within two or died in the big freeze three years three feet of the ground, or to a point ago." (Nova Beecher.) where the plant begins to cling, but "A most rampant grower. One of do this in March or April. VlThen these the best evergreen vines for desert new branches become three to five sections and Arizona. Blooms in sum­ feet long, if you wish the plant to be mer and will cling to hot stucco when spreading to cover a large area, then heat seems unbearable. Its main ob­ nip out the tip end of the new growth. jection is its uncontrollable growth This will make the branch develop and the long seed pods that persist two strong shoots and will induce and become unsightly. \ N' ill stand lateral growth. This nipping of the close to zero weather as it becomes new shoots can be continued until you deciduous when exposed to great cold. have the desired space covered. It is Will cling to anything but metal. only by frequent pruning of the Likes good drainage but is not very branchlets that will not cling and nip­ particular." (J. A. Gooch.) ping off of the growing ends that you can keep these vines growing laterally H a1'denbergia C o11~ptoniana (Comp­ at the base ... " If perchance in spite ton's Hardenbergia), Leguminosae, of all care it becomes leggy, Ficus Australia. pumila mim:ma is usually planted with it to hide this defect. Age nus confined to Australia. As to its general landscape uses Named after Countess Hardenberg. other than on walls of houses, and on This is a medium-sized vine with wide spreading roofs, it climbs high an average height of ten feet in south­ on trunks of palms, on stone pillars, ern California but is known to have on pergolas associated with Clytos­ grown twenty feet in six months in toma purpu1'eu111., whose leaves are Santa Barbara. It has violet blue pea­ strikingly similar but whose flowers shaped fl owers which are borne in are of a different color. profusion in early sprillg, from J an­ Propagation is by seeds or cuttings. uary to April, Mayor June as re­ It has a large tuberous root from ported from different localities; also which shoots sprout out and make a depending on an early or late season. new vine if it is cut down to the Its evergreen foliage is a pleasing ground by frost or must be cut to shade of green and its three to five renew after it becomes too large to leaflets give a rather Japanese effect, manage. It is also said to be drought quite attractive even when out of tolerant; probably clue to its tuberous bloom. On account of its medium roots. This is the vine that the edi­ growth it is well adapted to small­ tor of the Santa Ea1'bara Ga1'dener sized gardens. It is used in various says should be planted with Clytos­ ways largely as wall covers, porch toma callistegioides as he saw them screens, on trellis, fence or on low together on a backyard fence con- trees where it reached fourteen feet 34 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

In height with a spread of ten feet. ary and bloomed through April. In It was planted next to a Panciorea Santa Barbara it also bloomed fro111 jas1ninoides and combined well with it J anuary to April, though fl owers were as its foliage hac! the same texture. It seen there in August in a pot plant is delightful over arched gateways on a garden wall. In Golden Gate whether in bloom or not. Park the photograph was made from As to culture it seems to do best a specimen taken in March, when it in shade in southern California but was in full bloom. In San Diego it does equall y well in sun or shade in blooms from January to June (K. O. the San Francisco region. At one Sessions) and in Pasadena from J an­ time it was supposed to be too ten­ uary to May (Hoak). der for middle California, but it has It is propagated either fro111 seeds now been proved to be quite hardy or cuttings, the former to be soaked though some plants were killecl in the in hot water as is usual with most 1932-33 freeze. However, a chance leguminous seeds. seedling would come up to replace Miss K. O. Sessions recommends it those killed and one was known to for the north of a house in San Diego. bloom from seed in a little more than "A good winter bloomer. Especial­ a year. At first it did not bear seeds ly adapted to lattice fences in fairly in Santa Barbara and nurserymen dense shade or half shade. Grows grew it from layers but afterwards ten to twelve feet and combines well found that it would grow from cut­ with Gelsellliil!/lil selllpervireils, which tings made in July. blooms at about the same time. \ \Till In San Diego it needs heavy prun­ stand about 24 degrees." (J. A. ing after its winter fl owering season. Gooch.) It climbs by twisting its stems "Does splendidly in our summer about a support on a wire fence at the climate in a sunny location but severe University of California S tad i u m frosts have caused too many losses to where it was in a steady wind. It 1S warrant playing with it very much. especially good for low walls as it The blossoms of the purple variety does not grow too tall. Its color is are lovely with the double blooming exceptionally good with a white wall. K en-ia japol1l·ca. A moderate grow­ In Santa Barbara and towns further er." (Nova Beecher.) south it is a great favorite on ac­ "Blooms in March at the beach and count of its color and its spring bloom. in May in Pasadena; flowers for two In Berkeley in July it was in seed but months. About 12 feet long, never in Santa Barbara it was in A ugust, very large ; likes sun or half sun. a month later. Gets the s 0 - c a II e d purple scale.' Another good combinati on seen was (Lucia Fox Edwards.) Pittosponlm und~ tlatum, Daphne 01'0- l' a t a, marginata and H arde17be1-gia H e d e 1- a helix var. chrysocarpa C0111.ptoniana. This would be espe­ (Orange-berried E ngli sh Ivy), Ara­ cially fine about a house or in a court liaceae. on account of the fragrance. Here again is a vin e that varies E ngli sh Ivy itself is very popular largely in the time of bloom in the in England and is used there for various sections of California. In many purposes, all of which are founc! Berkeley it begin s to bloo111 in J anu- in Cali fornia for the type and its Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 35

Matthews H a?'de1~bergw' C 0111,ptoniana 36 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

various forms. Perhaps in the hot in­ enough and bright enough to give terior valleys it is used more sparing­ quite a color note to the whole mass. ly as it seems to burn in the s~n It may be a little faster growing rather than to suffer from the cold 111 than the type but does not appear to winter. If it is on the north side of cling so tenaciously by its rootlets. It the house or even under trees where is handsome, interesting and should it can get no air it is bothered by become more popular than it is. scale in Sacramento and by red spider You will notice that the leaves near in Stockton. In Santa Barbara Eng­ the berries are of a different shape lish Ivy is used as an edging to bou­ from those on the main stems, and is gainvillea which is used as a ground always the case with the English Ivy cover instead of grass. The contrast itself. between the two p I ant s is very "Does well in Pasadena but have marked. not seen its berries." (Lucia Fox Ed­ It may interest you to know that wards.) English I vy was used before the year 79 A .D in the gardens of Pom­ Hoya carnosa (Wax Plant), Ascle­ peii and are described and illustrated pidaceae, China; Australia. in "The Lost Gardens of Pompeii" Index Kewensis lists over 110 spe­ by Maria Terese Parpagliolo. She cies of Hoya, mostly from tropical says that English Ivy was there used and subtropical Australia and from as edgings or raised as small pillars the warm Malayan region. Twenty­ or hung in festoons from column to one species are known to be grown in column. England. Wirth this in mind we H ede1'a helix ch1'ysoca1'pa has foli­ should not expect to grow any of them age of less dark a hue than the type outside in California. It therefore with light lines somewhat emphasiz­ comes as a surprise to find that such ing the veins, and beautiful orange a tropical species as H oya canwsa berries which ripen in winter and at not only grows outside in southern other seasons. California but is also quite hardy in In Berkeley it is used very success­ northern California at least as far fully as a screen to an enrtrance north as the Bay Region. It was not porch; also as a covering to a low killed by the severe 1932-33 freeze wall at the Unitarian Church, where and even not much hurt, so we would it has been on display these many call it rather hardy, though it must years, the long-pointed apex to the be grown under glass in the San leaf giving it a character of its own. Joaquin and Sacramento Valleys. It seems to be quite hardy as it is However, one of the finest specimens growing on a small house in Palo seen was in an enclosed porch at Los Alto sheltered by a large Coast Live Altos, where it covered the entire Oak tree. In Santa Barbara it is sides and the ceiling with its hun­ used as a pot plant set on iron con­ dreds of flowers, a most charming tainers in the small passage ways in sight. The honey in them was so El Paseo and in business shops about abundant that it fell down on the town. It is less common than the clothing of the guests and the owner type, stands shade and crowded con­ was obliged very reluctantly to tear it ditions and is quite artistic in appear­ all down and replace it by a less ance. The berries are n u mer 0 u s meli fluous plant. Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 37

Ma.tthews H edera helix chrysocarpa Jan., 1936 38 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL :MAGAZINE

The leaves are opposite, thick and growing on a west wall in the full leathery, about three to fo ur inches sun with refl ected heat and blooms long and one and one-half inches freely. H owever, its leaves are small­ wide. They remain on the vine so er than usual and are a yellowish green. In Santa Barbara it was seen long that they are apt to be spotted, on a south wall but in dense shade, especially if they are sprayed, as they about ten feet tall and full of bloom. frequently must be to keep them clean. Also in Montecito it was on the north They occur about every six in ches side of a house, climbing by rootlets apart on the old wood, but much and havin g good green fo li age. It was nearer together on the new wood. It associated with maiden-hair ferns and ~ limb s by rootlets or, if about a pipe, received the same treatment. It is 1t must be tied as such material does used on walls, on shady· porches, in not allow the roots to cling. It grows conservatories. and is especially valu­ tall and narrow, hardly making any able in patios where a small-sized more width than eight to ten inches. vine is desired. Hence it would be adored by the Faults? Yes, it is easily infested French who love to make "arlands to . b with mealy bugs, which requires fre­ twme about their garden walls or on quent spraying with water, or hand their summer houses. picking. The flowers are borne in umbels The illustration happens to have which are pendulous on short ped­ been made from a green house plant uncles or spurs. It is important not at the University of California in to cut these spurs which remain after Berkeley, where it grew twenty-five the fl owers pass, for each spur will feet tall, but one equally as fine might ~hen bear another fl ower. The spur have been gotten from a plant "row- 1S about a quarter of an inch in di­ • b lI1g out of doo rs here in Berkeley. ameter, filled with a li ving green ma­ As a cut fl ower it lasts two days. It terial, while the outside is rough, due seems to bl oom at various times and to the remains of the bractlets which flowers have been seen durino·l\farch are about each individual fl ower . Each June, July, August, Septen~er anci flower is five-lobed while the crown October. segments are very convex and also "Blooms J uly-A ugust ; very slow; are in the shape of a fiv e-lobed star. ten feet or so high; li kes shade. Give ~hese are a dull white with a pinkish it protection. H as white scale and tmge, and velvety in texture, like mealy bug." (Mr. Tuttle.) glorified milkweeds. H oya CGI}'170Sa is slow growing and Lal1ta17a camara (Common Lan­ needs partial shade, at least out of tana) , Verbenaceae, Tropical America. doors, but must be in a sheltered place as the sun turns the leaves yel­ Some years ago a group of men low. It may be propagated from who were studyi ng art and visited seed, also from cuttings or even from southern California decided that it was aerial roots cut off and potted. a subtropical country like Egypt where "It is fed a complete fertilizer, or the overhead sun cast few shadows calcium nitrate, which di ssolves readi­ and consequently plants of brilliant ly in water-a teaspoonful to a gallon color were needed to set off these of water." (Budd.) houses. The result was that Lan­ In the Bay region it has been seen tana camara, Streptosole11 ] ameso11ii, J an., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 39 bougainvilleas, etc., began to dominate they will not fl ower well. T hey also in the southern gardens. In the spring like full sun and heat. time they were tolerated but when it Another vin e was leaning against a came to the hot summers people be­ shingled house, whose dark color gan to long for cool greens, blues and made a good background fo r the the less gaudy fl owers that would har­ lantana fl owers and brought out the moni ze with their annuals and per­ beauty of their coloring. The flowers ennials in the garden. T his led to a begin as a bright yellow and then revolt against too much brilliant color, turn red so that each cluster has two especially against L an.ta'l'I a cama1'a and shades of color on it. T he plant the bougainvilleas which were ever­ grows from three to fo ur feet a year, blooming, al ways on hand, spoiled the most of which comes off again with color scheme of the tuly artistic, and the pruning, so that the height of antagoni zed the mass of the public thirteen feet in twenty years repre­ sents mos tly the height of the har­ who had to look at screaming com­ dened bark on the old wood. This binations by the well-meaning but lantana was not killed by the 1932- careless gardeners who planted what 33 freeze though some of the young they liked regardless of the eff ect. branchlets had the bark spli t. It took Lantana, then, is a plant that must about a year to get rid of all the in­ be used with care. It will grow in al­ jured limbs as the owners were ad­ most every section of California even vised not to trim them off but to in regions of severe frosts, for if wait to see if they would recover. frozen to the ground it does not mat­ The branchlets less than three years ter as it usually comes up from the old were killed while those over three roots and there is no problem of years old with hardened bark sur­ pruning or spraying for mealy bugs. vived the cold, which helps to con­ When it comes to growing it in firm the report that vines with woody regions where it is not killed to the bark, that ca n be covered in winter or ground there is the question of prun­ can be kept ali ve for three successive ing. In Berkeley one of the best vines years until their bark hardens will in town was pruned severely every generally li ve thereafter without pro­ year, flowers, leaves and small branch­ tection. lets were cut off and nothing was A nother Lantama cama'ra was against left but the bare larger stems. This a cement house, also on the south side was done in January or near that but at a lower el evation than the time, depending upon the weather. larger one described above. It also The leaves and fl owers di d not appear was twenty years old, twelve feet tall until April or May, but were larger and fift een feet wide, I nstead of being and brighter than in December. They pruned every year it is pruned every then continued to bloom brightly until other year, about Christmas time, the their next annual pruning. This vine leaves and fl owers then appearing in was thirteen feet tall, thirteen feet about two or three months. There is wide and had a stem near the ground a brick wall about the terrace and of fi ve inches in di ameter. The secret those reel and yellow fl owers call for with lantanas is to keep them growing restraint in the planting. T wo small on new wood, not to give them too co nifers at the steps proclaim a much water, nor too rich a soil or change of level ; begoni as and plants 40 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 in otf1er colors not in conflict with the This is a vine from Chile with lantana are grown in the neat little leaves twice compounded in threes, garden about an informal pool with the staminate fl owers in drooping water plants. racemes; pistillate fl owers solitary and In southern Califo rnia the uses of the fruit an edible berry, while " the L antana cama1'a are vari ous from shoots, if passed through a fire and ground covers, tennis courts, rocker­ mascerated in water form cords of ies, urns, to color edges in shrubbery great strength." (L aMout & De­ and bedding plants instead of per­ caisne. ) ennials in extremely hot climates. The Lardizabalaceae resemble the As cut fl owers they last but two Berberidaceae and we r e formerl y days and their fragrance is not agree­ classed with that fami ly. It has now able to everyone. been transferred to Lardizabalaceae, They are propagated from cuttin gs. with eight genera in all by the latest They are combined with streptoso­ classification. They are as follows :­ len as an embankment plant in San those cultivated in Califo rnia being Diego, one blooming best in summer starred. and the other in winter . * A llebia, fruit eaten by Japanese. There are various hybri ds grown in Boquita from Chile. F ruit eaten. California, many of them qui te dwarf Decaisnea "fruit sweet and fl eshy and largely used fo r hedges or fo un­ and every grateful." dation planting. Vve do not as yet *H olboellia of which H. latifolia has grow the number of kinds used in been cultivated in Califo rnia. England, where twelve varieti es of *LaTdizabala b-iteTna.ta, cultivated in La11ta11a ca1'JII,am alone are li sted. W . Cali fornia. Fi'bre cords very strong. Robi nson, in the Engli sh F lower, Sa1'ge11todoxa cuneata E. & c. states that, " the odor of these plants China. Named after P rof. C. S. is unpleasant and they are not worthy Sargent of A rnold A rboretum. of much use." Monotypic. "Grown here extensively as a bank Si11ofra11ch etia chine1uis, sino from cover. Blooms all summe r but it cut Ch i n a and f1'G1 lchet after the back in winter by frost at about 27 F rench Botanist Franchet who degrees. BIDo ms all the year it is not n a m e d many Chinese plants. frozen. Used as a vine it will grow Monotypic. about twelve feet. Attacked by mealy *Stmmto11ia hexaph'ylla named after bugs." (J. A. Gooch.) Sir G. L. Staunton, P hysician, "Six feet tall and six feet spread. J apan. L ikes almost any soil not too rich. A specimen of La1'dizabala biternata All the shrub varieties die back al­ was collected under lath at Golden most to the ground each winter here. Gate Park N ursery on August 20, A t any rate they need severe pruning 1934. I t was twelve fee t tall , six feet before growth starts in the spring. wide but had been pruned many times The warmest spots against wall or to keep it within bounds. T he buds house are favorite locati ons." (Nova were in long racemes and just begin­ Beecher. ) ning to bloom. The fl owers are curi­ ous and interesting, about an inch in La1'dizabala b-ite1'1~ata, Lardizabala­ diameter, and much the color of those ceae, Chile. of akebi a. T hey consist of six sepals, Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 41

NI at thews La:rd-izabala bitemata Jan., 1936 42 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZI NE three of which are smaller than the manent looking leaves and could really outer ones, six petals or petaloid be classed with the foliage vines since nectaries. its fl owers last so short a time. It The fl owers of the staminate fl owers could be used over a pergola with the are dark brown, almost black and fl owers hanging fr0111 above but they when in bloom the six almost white are very attractive to ants and aphids pi stils are in startling contrast all fas­ whi ch must be kept off or the fl owers tened onto the end of the united fila­ are ruined and worse than useless. It is propagated by cuttings. ments. The leaves are supposed to be twice Nlaurandia ba1'Clayana (Barclay's ternate but it does not always follow. Maurandia), Scrophulari aceae, Mex­ They are generally simply ternate on l CO . the fl owering branchlets, all young and not fully formed. O n the older This is one of six species grown in branches you can never be sure Mexico which may eventually be in­ whether the leaf will be strictly bi­ troduced, but so far only two or three ternate or whether one or two of the have been seen in Cali fo rnia. It is a supposed trio will have but one or two dainty little evergreen, ten to twelve leafl ets. These leathery leaves are feet hi gh, which climbs by twisti ng its hardy as they came through the 1932- fl ower stalks about a support. ft 33 freeze unharmed. blooms from April first to D ecember The plant has a look of permanence first in the southern part of the state and the large glossy leaves seem fi tted and all summer and into late fall in for hard use . It could be substituted the interi or valleys. The Figwort fo r H edem helix when you do not F amily or Scrophulariaceae is divided wi sh to use a gloomy dark hue as into many different tribes, but Mau­ the lardizabala leaves are li ghter in randia belongs to the Snapdragon sec­ color, alternate and two or three tion although, unlike that species, it inches apart with sprays over a foot does not have a closed throat. wide. It is really less formal in ap­ The fl owers are rather large, over pearance than the E nglish Ivy and an inch wide with pedicels several would not cling so closely to the trunk inches long that bring the fl owers well of a tree but since it climbs by twist­ in sight beyond the leaves. Their col­ ing its stems round and round an ors vary greatly from a fairly good obj ect it will have to be assisted in blue to vari ous shades of purple, the the beginning. purple predominating more and more This vine will cover a rough per­ when the plants are grown from seeds gola post and keep its shape if neatly instead of from cuttings. As the seeds tied to it. Otherwi se it is sti ff and germinate and bear fl owers within heavy and on the ground or anywhere. three months that is the most common Its new leaves are bronze on top of method of propagation. the lath house in the sun, are soft The leaves are succulent, a pleasing and soon a much li ghter green than green, triangular in outline but has­ the old dark and coarse leaves. tate at the base. It is not a dense vine It seems to be very rare in Cali­ but covers lightly and trails as welt fornia but has certain advantages over as climbs. It can, therefore, be used other vines, as it is hardy, will stand for hanging baskets, rock gardens and abuse, has interesting leathery, per- walls. It is especially pleasing about Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 43

Matthews M au.randia BarclaYa11a 44 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 low walls as it covers quickly, is not sided trumpet-shaped corollas with too pronounced in color and even the protruding stamens and styles. At flowers are not too prominent as blue first the calyx is greenish-white, a col­ recedes into the distance. or that leads the eye from the pure As the leaves are quite succulent white petals to the dark green foliage. the plant should be sheltered from se­ As the faded flowers drop from the vere winds aDd given an ample water calyces the vine as a whole keeps its supply. neat appearance. It may be grown either from cut­ The leaves are opposite, two to five tings or from seeds covered lightly inches long, a leathery dark green and sown early in the spring. Seeds above and a little lighter in color be­ germinate in about two weeks. low. The old leaves are entire but "In the interior valleys it is impor­ many of the young ones are widely tant to get the seed into the ground scalloped on the edges, as plainly seen early so th@y will bloom the first sea­ on the illustration. son and become hardy by fall. It The stems have a corky appearance will stand mild winters but even if It that is quite pleasing - white with is killed every four years it will pay brown spots. The vine must be held to grow it as it is grown so easily to the wall by means of copper wires and cheaply." (Vortriede.) with screw eyes, and must be tied in "In southern California it is used place. It may be planted in an angle as a hanging basket or window box." of a white house where it seldom gets (J. A. Gooch.) the sun. Its associates were also rare It makes a good screen between two and choice such as Azores Jasmine sections of a garden when planted on (JaS11Itinu111, aZ01'ic~t1'1'/,), Star Jasmine a chicken wire fence; also good on a (Trachelospe1'11Htm jasminoid es) , tennis court as it lies flat on its sup­ Madagascar J a s min e (Stephanotis port and never catches and hides the fion:bunda) , and Herald's Trumpet balls. It will cover the sides of a low (B ea~t11'tOntia gra11difio1'a). ·While its barn and hide its ugliness. It is also shrubs and tree companions were the good on the side of a house which it white hybrid camellia, Chinese Holly covers daintily but not too densely. (!lex corn·nta ) and rhododendrons. "N ot good in Pasadena but thrives Oxera p~tlchella seems to have at the beaches" (Lucia Fox Ed­ either a long blooming period or it wards.) blooms several times a year as it was seen in bloom in August and October Oxera pulchella Royal Climber, of 1934 and in February, July and Verbenaceae, New Caledonia. August in 1935. This is a rare and distinctive-look­ So far it does not have many pests ing vine from New Caledonia east of but the Fuller's Rose Beetle is very Australia, and its curious name is pro­ fond of it and quickly strips its leaves nounced Ox e' ra. where it is abundant. The flowers are In I m 111 ens e Up to the present time this climber bunches, as many as forty together, is extremely rare in the state, the only in the axils of the leaves on the ends ones we know being grown in Santa of the branch lets which hold out the Barbara, at Hugh Evans' in Santa flowers in full sight. They are ivory­ Monica, and at the late Senator white, about two inches long in one- Bard's at Hueneme where, for some Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 45

William. A. 111 atthe'ws Oxem pulchella 46 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE ] an., 1936 unknown cause, it did not bloom for low screen and gives the family great twenty years though it bloomed in satisfaction, especially as seen as a about two years at Santa Barbara. tracery against the afternoon sun, its "Dark green, handsome evergreen reddish leaves giving a particularly foliage, large clusters of pure white, pleasing glow throughout the room. tubular fl owers in drooping panicles. Possibly the pergola to the south of it It does particularly well either in sun shades it from the hottest part of the or shade and should be far more ex­ day, however, and the vine may get tensively planted than it is." (Hugh the sun only in the cooler part of the Evans, Santa Monica.) hot afternoon. "Too tender for Pasadena region." Another choice and handsome speci­ (A. J annoch. ) men was grown on the north side of a house which had been either painted Parthe1'loc-issus H enryana (formerly white or whitewashed . It was twelve Vit'is Henr'yana), Silver-vein Creeper, feet tall and twenty feet wide. It has Vitaceae, China. alternate leaves, a tendril with ad­ This is a beautiful and rare varie­ hesive disks taking the place on the gated climber that meets with general opposite sid e. The leaves are large appreciation on account of its rich al· and healthy looking and almost in most velvety color with the veins bloom July 11 , 1935, and by Septem. etched on white lines above and a ber 5th was not only in bloom but purplish tinge to the undersides of the carried a quantity of seed in its black leaves. The somber green leaves berries. No other climber .vas planted touched with red give us but a hint with it on that side of the house but of the glory yet to come when J ack it had fitting companions combined Frost begins to paint the leaves in with Fuchsia. fulge11s, or even better, brilliant autumn colors. Weeks after­ with pin k flowered fibrous-rooted ward it falls leaf by leaf leaving the begonias. Its leaves are deciduous for slender stems to etch their outlines a short time in the winter. against the wall. It was formerly called Vitis Henry­ It is rather fast growing as it grew ana but is now separated from Vitis forty feet in three years at a nursery by the tendrils with disk tips, the in Fresno. It climbs by tendrils with petals falling separately. and the lac k adhesive disks, though these disks of hypogenous disk under the fl ower. cannot always function when some It should be planted more often in form of lime has been used on the California than it is but as it was house or wall on which the Silver­ only introduced into England in 1900. vein Creeper is growing. and it took some time to reach u it . It is said that in order to retain its takes some time for us to learn its rich color it must be grown in shade best cultural requirements. It is not or partial shade otherwise it much supposed to be very hardy. resembles Virginia Creeper. But there are specimens grown in the full sun Pa1,thpJlocissus triCilspidata, Japan­ on the west side of a house which un­ ese Ivy; Boston Ivy, Vitaceae, Japan: doubtedly retain its whitish lines . One China. such specimen was on a terrace with This is the well known deciduous an iron grill about it. On this grill rapid growing vine which climbs t ~ is Henry's Parthenocissus, used as a great heights by means of tendrils Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 47

iVIatthews Parthenociss?'£s H enr'yana 48 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 with adhesive tips and is very satis­ branches where the remaining stems factory throughout the state. There­ were not as thick as a lead pencil. fore little more need be said about it Low's J apanese Ivy will cling to at this time excepting that on a house walls where it is more delicate and it forms a clean handsome covering not so dense as Boston Ivy. It is that intensifies the architectural lines also deciduous but its delicate tracer­ of a house without concealing ugly ies are like dainty etchings, unlike lines. If a house seems to soar too those of the type they run up a wall high into the air it will look all the vertically instead of horizontally and taller if planted to Boston Ivy. a thick make an altogether different pattern. covering of the walls only emphasiz­ It may be used on tree trunks, on ing the height the more. It would be walls and on low places where Boston better to use some less formal looking Ivy would be altogether too spreading. climber that will conceal and break Its leaves color up well in autumn and the vertical lines, lessen the apparent look like butterfli es or puckered leaves. height and not repeat the existing "Likes the sun .: does well, no special wall surfaces in gre€n. cultivation." (Lucia Fox Edwards.) It begins to color in the early fall and sometimes holds its brilliant col­ Pe1'iploca g1'aeca (Silk Vine), As­ ors until December 25th, though a cl epiadaceae, S. Europe; West Asia. wet winter wi ll scatter its leaves be­ fore that time and there remains but This is from the Greek word, perip­ a delicate tracery on the walls. It may loke, meaning to interwine, a fact you be recognized by the three-lobed would soon realize on gazing at its leaves. tortuous twisting at the Lodge in Pa?'the1'bOcissus t1'icuspidata va r . Golden Gate Park where it was in lowii. There is a form of this called bloom in May on the west side of the Low's Japanese Ivy, also Low's Bos­ house and had reached the second ton Ivy, which also colors but the story window, about fifteen feet. It leaves are less crowded and there­ had twisted about a honeysuckle vine fo re it does not show so vivid a color. and had managed to come out on top It is said to have been named after to the light and air where the wind Mr. Low an Engli shman who found rather roughly played with its flowers. it as a seedling in a bed of P. t1'ic'bu­ These flowers are in axillary or ter­ pidata. It was figured in Gardener's minal cymes in which the central bud Chronicle in 1907. not long after P. blooms first and then the laterals; this H en1'yana had been brought out. It prolongs the blooming season, but in is therefore a rathrr newcomer to this some climates prevents a mass of fl ow­ state and as yet is rather rare. A ers blooming at one time. Besides photograph was taken from a speci­ that, the flowers are rather inconspicu­ men growing on a trunk of a Wash­ ous, light green beneath and on the ington palm at the Capital Grounds tips above, which were the last to at Sacramento where it grew vertical­ burst when the buds opened. The ly up the trunk for twelve feet and upper surface also has splashes of had a width of three feet. At the brown or purple. The slender star­ base of the tree the stem was three­ shaped petals are about an inch in fourths of an inch in diameter and diameter and at the center of each star then quickly ran along the side is a five-lobed crown, with five long- Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 49

W ·illiam A . Matthews Periploca graeca 50 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 anthered purple stamens, which are jurious to health to inhale the heavy rather interesting. odors of the flowers." Its leaves are round at the base, quite long-pointed at the apex, thr~e Phaedmnthus buccinatorius (Ever­ to four inches long, and with prOlTIl­ green Trumpet-creeper), Bignoniaceae, nent parallel veins which do not reach Mexico. the edges but merge into a marginal This climbs by means of its flat vein. They are a light green and disk-like tendrils and is especially de­ shining above and emit a milky juice sirable where you wish a tall, wide­ when bruised, which according to spreading vine that does not have to Mrs. Loudon "is said to be fatal to be supported. It is very fa~t growing flies and that a number of dead flies as it covered a small house at Santa may' be swept up every day in bowers Barbara completely in one year. The covered by it." No such report has second year it was fifty feet tall and reached us in California but if it kills forty-five feet wide-an almost un­ flies it certainly ought to be planted believable size for so short a time. about every barn in the San Joaquin Valley. It sends out red trumpet flowers in clusters of from four to eight through­ The pods are described by Bean as out the season, which means all the follows: "Seed-pods in pairs, five year at San Diego and sections of inches long, one-half inch wide taper­ Santa Barbara but only until frost in ing to a point; full of seeds, each with the bay region. It keeps its evergreen a remarkable tuft of silky hairs at the leaves in perfect condition all the year elld one and one-fourth inches long." in both regions and for covering large It seems to like any soil, loves the spaces, for bright color, neatness, sun, and is very fast growing, a fact vigor and downright persistence it that appeals to eastern gardeners and stands high, but it enters walls through to some in the San Joaquin Valley, any small crack -or creVIce, so such but in the Bay Region it is deciduous tendencies must be watched for and for too long a period and leaves OUf strictly curbed. garden features bare when we might There seem to be two forms of this use other and handsomer climbers species, one with widely-spaced small­ which like our coast conditions better. er leaves, that grows readily from cut­ It is propagated by seeds or cuttings tings, even from root cuttings, and a though not so good for the latter pur­ larger-leaved, larger-flowered form pose on account of the milky juice which is a much better looking plant which is said to be hard to propagate. in every way but more expensive since On account of its rapid growth it it is difficult to root from cuttings and will soon cover a wall or a summer must be layered. It may cost three house. It was also charmingly used times as much as the poorer type but in Burlingame festooned on chains it is better to buy the larger-leaved along either side of a driveway to one since it is well worth the differ­ prevent the lawn from rough usage. ence in price and far more satisfactory Bean in his "Trees and Shrubs in the long run. Hardy in the British Isles" states that It will root from cuttings under "the milk from the stems is poisonous double glass in the Bay region but and in Europe it is believed to be in- one gardener in Santa Barbara made Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Sl

lVi attheZCJs Phaedra'l1thu,s buccinatori'Us 52 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE J an., 1936 cuttings of it in the open ground where Trumpet Vine was grown about the it was to remain . outside stone wall of a home where As a climber for screens about a one vine covered a horizontal distance t enni s court it cannot be surpassed in of sixty to seventy feet. It seemed beauty and sati sfaction. On a sunken to be the small-leaved type and showed court at the foot of a hill, surroun ded the great adaptability of the plant. on all sides by this climber, it was in It is also, apparently, one of the climb­ bloom from early spring until cut off ers that when it has outgrown its posi­ by cold weather in November. The tion, may be renewed by cutting it flowers were within range fo r close down to the ground and letting it inspection so that their gorgeous color sprout again from the roots. An even and shape could be easily seen and worse fate overtook it at the U niver­ appreciated. They gave unity to the sity of Califo rnia grounds, for it was tennis court as no other climber was not only cut down but was buried used with it, and it related the court with a fresh covering of earth and left to the surrounding garden. It is shade to die. In spite of such treatment, tolerant as it is often seen with its with no water and covered deeply with roots on the north side of a house and soil, it has struggled to the air and the upper part of the plant bending to sent out long stringy branches which right or left as it seeks the sun. It were ruthlessly sni pped off by some climbs cement, s

lYlatthews

Polygomlm A~£bertii 56 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 tana (Lantana sellowiana) , the latter Francisco Bay region. The fact that when seen by itself is rather harsh it is not more largely grown shows in color, but when toned down by the that we have not yet learned how to filmy flowers of the Silver Lace Vine, grow our somewhat tender vines that it made a charming combination. eventually grow a woody bark. Such "It blooms in Oakland from April vines should be protected each winter to October-six or seven months. It for about three years or until they makes a pergola or wall covering with have had time to mature their barlc an east, south or west exposure. Is After that time they are usually hardy free from pests, deciduous, but making enough to withstand our ordinary win­ rapid growth. Grows in any soil. I ter frosts. give it no pruning." (George B. Its time of bloom seems to vary Furniss.) considerably in different sections of "It is deciduous in Ontario. Does California, as well as the length of well in most parts of the southland. time bloom remains. The earliness or A good hardy vine and profuse bloom­ the lateness of the season also varies er in early summer. Prefers good from year to year. In San Diego it loam and plenty of water for best de­ is said to bloom from November to velopmen t." (J. A. Gooch.) February. In Pasadena from Octo­ "Fast growing; likes sun; hardy; ber to March (Boak) and from the gets black scale." (Lucia Fox Ed­ middle of November to April first or wards.) in full bloom from December to March. In Santa Barbara from Au­ Pyrostegia ignea (formerly Big­ gust to February, though it has been nonia venusta) (Flame Trumpet), seen in bloom there in June and in Bignoniaceae, Brazil. July. In Florida it blooms twice a If you want to have one of the sur­ year, once in mid-winter and again in prises of your life go to southern early summer. (Mowry.) California about Christmas time amI Since Oregon has been wise enough 'gaze upon an orange-colored vine that to make a feature of one rose she can will fill a bleak winter day with glory. grow well why has not California fol­ It drapes itself along a balustrade or lowed suit by making a feature of its walls of light colored stone or over most colorful vine, the one that grows wooden fences and covers every inch best in all localities. It well might be -board, posts, arch over gateway, and this Orange Trumpet Creeper or some even goes up a nearby telephone pole other vine, such as the lavender D is­ -yes, literally covers every inch with tict·is Zactifio-ra so popular now in its many-flowered clusters of flowers southern California. Vve have not of a decided orange color. In grace made the most of our vines, partly no and color and habit it appeals to us doubt, because we have not yet had as one of the wonderful gifts nature experience enough on cultural needs, has given to California- a gift that is or what is more likely, we have not not half appreciated as yet. It is taken the trouble to publish the ex­ about the only conspicuous vine in perience of those who have best suc­ bloom at this time and thus has no ceeded in growing our long list of in­ competition, or at least very little. troduced vines. It thrives out of doors from San The leaves are opposite and com­ Diego as far north as Niles in the San posed of either two or three leaflets. Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 57

Matthews PY1'osteg-ia igl1 ea (Formerly Bignon£a venusta) 58 TH E NATIONAL H ORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

It climbs by tendrils, also has di sks. sun. Likes strong loam soal. " (J. A. Each cluster of flow ers is in the axil Gooch.) of a leaf, these leaves being rather " Blooms at beaches F ebruary and widely spread so that . twenty-fi ve March, in P asadena April and May. to thirty flow ers can easily fit into Likes a south exposure; give it protec­ this space. The ends of the branch­ tion. Fine at beaches ." ( A . Jannoch.) lets may have as many as forty-fi ve S ola'lldra guttata ( Copa de Oro; flowers. The corolla tube is about three Chalice Cup), Solanaceae, Mexico. -inches long but slender with a very The name Cup of Gold is likely to short calyx which does not hide the conjure up extravagant pictures of its flowers. This calyx is a dainty grttn loveliness, especially when called by the same color as the new leaves and its romantic Spani sh name of Copa gradually lead from the li ght petals de O ro, but a first glimpse of a young to the dark foliage. specim en of it on a miserable back­ It is easily propagated from cuttings yard shed destroyed all the glamour. taken when the plant is dormant, T o those who associate beauty of probably in March or April. "Easy to fl ower with deli cacy of form, the sight grow them," says K . O. Sessions, of an awkward sc rambling shrub with " Slow at first, but later very fast, aft er stiff leaves far apart and immense 1t IS well establi shed." ungainly fl ower buds brings a feeling It will grow to great height, forty of keen disappointment. But wait. feet or more in California while it what is the principle that has been grows to seventy feet in Florida. It violated that gives that uneasy feel­ can therefore be draped along a fence ing? It is lack of scale and harmony for a long di stance, and will bloom with its surroundings. T he plant is for four or five months with its orange too colossal and needs a far grander color while it is a goo d green the rest setting than a small backyard where of the year. it can fi nd neither the room nor the It can be used on house walls with associates that it really demands for appropriate colored plants along the proper appreciation, for it is truly a foundation, such as Asclepias C1Irassa­ royal plant whose beauty is much vica to hide its leggy base or some enhanced by an appropriate setting. contrasting color may be used instead. It seemed to lend itself especially well It is used as a pergola vi ne, or on to garlands or rosettes about a white balustrades, or embankments, or can house, where it was seen climbing a climb high in a conservatory with its corner for about fifteen feet and then fl owers blooming for months. In fact, trained hori zontally fo r twenty-five where can it not be used ? feet or more under the second story "A showy winter bloomer. Not windows where is di splayed thirty generally planted because of tender­ buds and fl owers at one time, wi th ness below 28 degrees. A t its best no other vi ne to di vide our attention. along the coast but will grow in the In such a situati on it was in scale and interior if 11 0t frosted. Blooms regal in its eff ect. From such a set­ throughout the winter on new growth. ting came the photograph whi ch illus­ N ever gets too woody but an occa­ trates this subject. sional pruning improves it. Enjoys a Again it was seen over the top of position where it can festoon in full a noble pergola which graces one side Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 59

Matthews S oland1'a gu.ttata 60 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 of a garden in Santa Barbara. Our been suggested by two people who eye followed the line of the pergola have grown it. Miss K. O. Sessions and traced the outline of one vine for of San Diego gets it to bloom all the the astonishing distance of two hun­ year around by cutting off the end of dred feet. It was quite in scale as it the long growth, when every side tossed its huge solitary flowers here branch growing out will have a flower. and there along that unbelievable dis­ (From Golden Gardens, August, 1935.) tance. It has been known to grow The late Edmund D. Sturtevant twenty-five feet in seven months. had another method. He read that In San Diego it was especially fit­ the English, after the Cup of Gold ting as it draped the front entrance had made a strong growth, were in of a house from the ground to an iron the habit of withholding water al­ grill support over the door and gave together until the leaves began to drop a bold subtropical effect. It made a from drought then an abundance of very handsome flower ornament and a flowers would follow. Mr. Sturtevant good illustration of the way a flower made his own experiments and in the and building each enhance the beauty Pacific Garden for April, 1909, pub­ of the other. lished the results of his study as fol­ Copa de Oro is said to have been lows: "Here in our climate (Holly­ introduced into the Los Angeles re­ wood) it (the Cup of Gold) will gion about thirty years ago and is grow almost continuously if it is sup­ considered tender to frost there, but plied with moisture. But as well­ we have gradually acclimatized it until ripened wood is the chief essential for it is becoming a familiar sight even getting it to flower freely, it is well in parts of northern California about to plant it where water can be en­ the San Francisco Bay region, where tirely withheld from the beginning of it is now fairly well established. Even autumn until the time of our first our disastrous 1932-33 freeze only winter rains." killed some plants, for though cut to The different cultural treatments the ground many came up and were that have been tried out on this sub­ in bloom again by the second season. ject might account for the different It is not difficult to grow, even reports received as to when it blooms. about the Bay, if you know its re­ Santa Barbara and Honolulu report quirements. "It likes perfect drainage, its blooming all winter (January, Feb­ a south exposure well protected from ruary and March) but . it has also the north and west winds. Stands been seen in July and August in 26 degrees without l11Jury. Perfect Santa Barbara. In Florida, Mowry drainage is the first essential to suc­ reports it as blooming all summer. cess. The soil must be so porous, so Los Angeles reports its bloom from well drained that water may not mid-winter to early summer, while stand about its roots even for an San Diego is the favored spot where hour, otherwise the buds are sure to it "blooms all the year." drop before they are half grown." As to soils it will grow in any soil (Barnhardt. ) though it needs good deep soil and While it may bloom in four years must have prefect drainage. "It does under right conditions there have not need fertilizers unless you seek a been many complaints about its not gigantic specimen." flowering. The remedy for this has As to faults it is apt to be leggy Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 61 below, the leaves too stiff and far ing as blooms are produced on new apart to be graceful and if it grows growth." 0. A. Gooch.) too vigorously it does not have so "Grows to 150 feet or more. Likes many flowers. When such has been south or east exposure. Protect from the fate of the plant under your care frost. Has mealy bugs and aphis." it can still be beautiful by growing (Lucia Fox Edwards.) some other vine with it. In one ex­ ample, the Cup of Gold was on a rus­ Thunbe1'gia gibs011ii (Orange glory), tic pergola, its leaves small and sparse; Acanthaceae, Tropical Africa. the flowers few but colorful. Phila­ This common name is well chosen delphus mex'icamts was planted with for it is another colorful vine which it and supplied ample foliage which can be used to strengthen the idea gracefully draped over the rustic over­ that southern California needs to se­ head structure and gave a grace and lect garden colors "with a bold eye" fragrance without overshadowing the on account of the dazzling atmosphere flowers of the Cup of Gold but rather, which absorbs much of the color. In enhanced its beauty. some sections of the sunny south it is It was also charmingly used on the everblooming while in less favored re­ trunk of a palm where it appeared gions it is semi-deciduous "and looks and disappeared. It is used on sides miserable in winter." of porches, on houses trained on wires When it was first introduced here or trellises and even espaliered on a_ it was only considered as a trailer two warm south wall where it could get to three feet long and was largely used both sun and heat. in pots on walls to give a touch of Mr. de Forest in the Santa Barbara color. As time went on, however, 1t Gardener mentions seeing it used as a was found to grow seven feet tall or fitting companion with Romneya coul­ even to the very top of a two story teri in the foreground. house. It is seen everywhere, some­ The fl owers seem to need no de­ times alone as a ground cover, and scription as they were so clearly pho­ again backed by an orange lantana tographed. The chali ce is shown as a hedge; or it climbs a tree, or is a gay goblet shape about eight inches wide mass running over a retaining wa:ll, of a golden color with five light stam­ or over an eight foot fence or even ens protruding from its mouth and better on an arbor, or a trellis. It five purple lines radiating out from even does well in a hot dry situation. the center. The leaves are not the How does it hold its popularity? size of those on the main stems as A t present it is all the rage in Aus­ they are still young and not yet fully tralia where it does not set seed. They developed, but they are thick and are therefore sending to California leathery and ample when the right and begging for seed which is here requirements of the plant are met. so viable that the plant resows itself "Tender below 28 degrees but can all over the garden. That is nothing be grown all along the coast and in against it as long as it is popular, but the warmer interior sections. Has as it is aggressive, fast growing, its made forty to fifty feet runners at color then dominates the garden and Tustin. Blooms in early summer and limits the other colors that may be for many months. Likes rich soil and used. So in southern California there plenty of water. Needs severe prun- is a slight tendency to look askance Jan., 1936 62 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE at it in spite of its gorgeous color anu "A beautiful vine when in bloom the many uses to which it may be put which is in fall and winter. Always about the home. seems to have some dead foliage Like all everblooming plants it is (which may be due to root nematodes) likely to become commonplace, and and twig growth. Prefers a cool loca­ we forget to look for its interesting tion and good soil. Not a strong points. Its leaves are rough-trian­ grower but will reach ten feet. Not gular about three and a half inches hardy below 28 degrees but would long if the winged petiole is included, probably not be killed at this tem­ and are covered with harsh hairs perature or a few degrees lower." which are apt to sting sensitive skins. (J. A. Gooch.) The edge of the leaves is ciliate with "Blooms in spring and summer at several rather remote teeth. the beaches. Likes sun. Protect from frost in Pasadena. The best flower The flowers are solitary with a stalk effects are at the beaches. Has mealy four inches long. This is flexible bug and black scale." (Lucia Fox enough to bend and hold the orange­ Edwards.) colored flowers in full sight, everyone turned outward from the wall with Trachelosper1111.t11'L jas'JII1,inoides (Star its green background of leaves. The Jasmine) , Apocynaceae, China. result is striking for the plant is grown on a chicken wi re and has A twining vine that may be suc­ twisted itself through every strand as cessfully grown throughout the whole though it had been carefully trained state of California and should be in by hand. At first this chicken wire every garden on account of its dark was tacked against the house but the leathery foliage and its fragrant white reflected heat in summer was injurious flowers. The petals are twisted in the to the flowers, so this wire was later bud and even the sepals are recurvecl. placed three or four inches from the The tube of the flower is urn-shaped wall to leave a space behind it for and dented into fine humps just as it the passage of air. It blooms on new is in the Chilean Jasmine. wood and as long as this wood can The leaves are dark green, shining be kept growing it is possible to have and leathery and make a good foil for fresh flowers. It is very fast growing the flowers which begin to bloom and soon becomes crowded so that when the plant is less than two feet some method of thinning out must be tall. Its blooming period seems to practiced to keep the plant within vary in different parts of the state. bounds. Some claim that it is in bloom in Besides the orange-colored flower early spring only, while others state two bracts hide the calyx and part of that it will bloom for eight months in the tube of the corolla. These are the year. Could this discrepancy come green and brown and thickly set with from the fact that there are really two hairs. At first they cover the entire types being sold, the one from Sacra­ bud and protect the coming flowers mento being rather faster growing, from frost or insect pests. Later the more hardy and with broader leaves bracts open on one side to allow the than the one sold in Los Angeles and passage of the corolla tube but not VICI11lty, which is tender, narrow­ the calyx, which is always concealed leaved and generally considered slow within the bract. growing? The people in the San Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAl!. MAGAZINE 63

Matthezvs 64 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

Matthews Trachelospe1'1mtm jas111,inoides Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 65

Joaquin Valley, therefore, should try as there are various other choice the hardier northern form as they plants that combine well with Star would probably have better success Jasmine, such as camellias, flex coy­ with it. It does not like wind or fog wu.ta and Carissa g1'andijlO?'a, all of but does grow in them both at St. which are exceedingly choice, and may Francis Wood. It will also thrive be seen in the vicinity of Santa in a wide variety of soils. Barbara. While it will grow either in sun or Trachelosper11'ltf111 jasminoides may shade or semi-shade, it is wise to give be used therefore in landscape work It an eastern exposure in southern in various ways, as for pot plants, California and in the hot interior val­ pergola posts, trellises, foundations of leys where the direct sun is likely to houses, and as shrubs. scorch the leaves. It will stand cold There is a variegated variety of the down to 24 degrees. Star Jasmine but it does not have It seems hard to propagate in re­ half the beauty of the dark-leaved gions that lack moisture in the air variety as its leaves are spotted and and there the cuttings must be sprayed they take away from the attractiveness constantly until they have rooted. of the flowers themselves. It may be used either as a climber "Hardy above 24 degrees. Spring or cut down to shrub size. It looks and summer bloomer. A good vine especially well on a square pergola in shade or part shade on a trellis, post where we do not expect encir­ pergola or fence. Doing well on the cling rosettes as we do on a column. side of a brick building in Pasadena It is sometimes planted with a (east side). Likes good soil, plenty faster growing vine, such as J as1ninu111. of water and an occasional light prun­ rig'idu11'L, when large spaces are to be ing to induce new growth on the covered, their leaves being the same older parts. Attacked by black scale shape and texture. However, the which can be readily eliminated with jasmine covers the space in twice the oi l emulsion sprays." (J. A. Gooch, given time, though if grown in the Ontario.) shade it becomes leggy below. Or you "Here is a gem of an evergreen may combine the Star Jasmine with climber for hot conditions (whether J as111. in~£1n sim.plicifoliu111. which goes it will bloom in shade I do not know). well with the Sacramento wider-leaved Several specimens are trained around Trachelospermum, and in the Bay re­ cement stand pipes in an open field. gion is almost everblooming. They stood the freeze three years ago. J aS111inu111 azoric~£111{. can be used Soil in this locality is adobe with with Star Jasmine in frostless regions alkali conditions prevalent. Just how as a ground cover or as a low shrub long they bloom I do not know." at the feet of Trachelospermum. (Nova Beecher, Stockton.) Pandorea jas111.inoides can also be "Blooms in spring, early summer used as its leaves are a shining leath­ and often again in the fall. Slow ery texture, and it combines well with growing. Seldom over 12 feet but the Star Jasmine. These are all choice will spread out 30 feet. Put it in an combinations that give fragrance, neat­ E. or N. as it burns in a hot exposure. ness and a feeling of very choice It is especially fine at the beaches but material. is good in Pasadena also." (Lucia You need not be restricted to vines Fox Edwards.) Sweet Scented.. Leaved Pelargoniums HELEN N. CLARK

COLLECTING these plants is like stum­ sap in the young plant, and seldom be­ bling along a disused road, with few comes hard in ripening, the stems are sign posts left and those still standing fleshy and sometimes jointed, and a often pointing in the wrong direction. few have tuberous roots with leaves Since their introduction from the Cape proceeding directly from them in radi­ of Good Hope into England in 1632 cal form. Foliage forms are distinct they have experienced various fates: and individual, oval with unbroken popularity in garden and greenhotlse line, pinnate with serrated edge, fine when the vogue was new wi.th the at­ or coarse, and all are covered with fine tendant ass.ignment of local pet names, downy hairs, more or less apparent, then long years of oblivion when a few which secrete a heavy odorous fluid remained in hidden corners, and now whose scent is only discerniMe when in one of those horticultural swings the leaf is pinched or rubbed. The usual where the new is merely the resurrec­ manner of classification is according to tion of something outmoded and for­ these scents, putting each one into a gotten, the plants are again in the lime­ group of like characteristic, the spice light of favor. The unattainable is gronp, the lemon group, the rose and eagerly sought for, and the labels wait­ mint groups, but even with imagina­ ing to be inscribed. Here begins the tion the delicate odors are difficult to difficulty, for during the 17th and 18th distinguish. It is impossible to test centuries of introduction and hybridiza­ them without removing completely from tion, much of the performance was ac­ the fingers the scent of one before pass­ cording to the plant's own whims, few ing to another. The shape of leaf and records were kept and those in terms habit of growth help place the plants far from botanical correctness. For ab­ in their proper niches, and as I will in­ solute certainty one would have to im­ dicate ce rtain of these characteristics port seeds or cuttings from South seem to be present in each separate di­ Africa which have never varied in their vIsIon. botanical names and start at the very ROSE. These plants have never beginning. There was even dissension completely vanished from either win­ as to the naming of the species, but for dows or gardens, possibly because they 150 years the divisions of the French are largely used in the manufacture of botanist I'Heritier have stood, who commen::ial perfumes. Brought to named them according to a real or fan­ Grasse in southern France in 1800, the cied resell1blance of the bloom's car­ oi ls distilled from them have replaced pels to three birds: geranium, crane's the expensive attar of roses. Generally bill; pelargonium, stork's bill; erodium, speaking the leaves of the group are heron's bill . The fragrant-leaved types broader than long, and vary in the are found among the pelargoniums, coarse or fine cutting of the foliage. I cousins of the Lady Washington varie­ list them according to this character­ ties, P. d01nesticu11~, which have never istic. left the catalogs, triumph of the bril­ P. capitatum. Shrubby branching liant Hower over the scented leaf. stems, heart shaped leaves, divided in­ The main characteristics of the 0TOUP to three or five lobes. Flowers rosy vary little, the wood is soft and full'" of purple growing in large heads. Proh- [66] Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 67

Conger 1. P. cit1'iod01'u1n. Pri1ice of Omnge. 8. P. capitatum . 2. P. limonet£11i. 9. P. acerifolium. Maple leaved. 3. Schottesham P et. 10. Lady Mary. 4. Dr. Livi11Jgston . Slzeleton leaved. 11. Fair Ellen, H elen, Emilv. 5. Ladyl Pl,:ymouth. 12. P. c1'ispU11i . . 6. P. melissi111:mn. Balm . 13. P. f1'agrans. N utmeg. 7. P. g'vQveolens. 14. P . tomentoSU11L. P eppermint. Courtesy of H ouse Beautiful 68 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 ably one of the progenitors of the violet, spotted purple, rather larger family. than most. P. graveolens. Very likely the plant P. limoneu112. Garden hybrid of which has never left us, foliage more early 1800, thin glossy, light green deeply Cllit t'han capiltatum, fragrance leaves, sharply toothed, cordate at base, unmistakable. This name, "graveo­ slightly tomentose. Perfume most deli­ lens," has been bandied about, Bailey cate but unmistakably lemon. Purple calls it rose, Step and 'Watson picture and lilac fl owers. it and name it oak leaved, other writers P. SCa1'boroviae. Countess of Scar­ speak of graveolens as nutmeg scented, ,borough, named for the donor in whose lemon perfumed. But as the word greenhouses it o,riginated. Given to means heavily scented and the odor is the collection of Robert H. JenkinsoI1. distinctly rose, I place it here. Flow­ Suggested hybrid of P. obtusiJ.obum ers rose, purple veined. and one of the crispum type. Small, P. 1'adula. The leaves are becoming broad serrated leaf. Flowers reddish more finely divided, deeply lobed into pink. narrow toothed divisions. Flowers P. citriodonf1n . Prince of Orange. hghrt: pink with darker markings. In­ L eaves slightly curled wilth deep white troduced in 1774. band around the edge. My authority Dr. Livingston. An old time favor­ for this label comes from Eleanor ite, skeleton leaved, impossible to name Rohde who speaks of "aristocrats such correctly, as the appelation is used by as the variegated Prince of Orange. no authority, but it is a probable hy­ P. grossuloides. Another leaf of the brid of denticulatum. crispum type, green with white mark­ p. fiZ,icifohu1n. Tooth leaved, gluti­ ings, lemon fragrance. One of the tenta­ nous, fo liage finely divided. 1827. tive derivations of the name may be Bai1ey makes this synonymous with from the Middle High German ](nts the fo llowing, but they are quite dis­ which means curling. tinct. Flo w ,e r s white with red P. mehssi/'/'lU111 . Balm. Foliage large splotches. lobed, furrowed on the upper side, P. denticulatu11'L . The finest cut of wavy and pleated margins, covered all, mere green threads covered with with fine hai rs of heavy texture. Fra­ a shiny glutinous substance, s,ticking to grance like Melissa officinalis, lemon paper as if glued. Brought from Africa balm. Flowers, five petaled lower ones in 1789 by Francis Masson. Flowers whi,te, the upper two red stained, have the upper petals deeply cleft, pale Shrubby rapid grower. This may be lilac with purple spot a;t base. the one BaiJ.ey calls P. viti folium or LEMON. The group charaJCteristics grape leaved. are small curled leaves, crowded on the Two others I put in the group as the stalk, stem shrubby at base, numerOtls odor is distinctly fruity, branched upright stalks. The species Monsieur inon. The leaf form is from which there have been many on the capitatum order but the fragrance planned or involuntary crossings is is a delicious apricot much like olea given first. fragrans. A thin satiny leaf. I have P. crispum. Called the finger bowl wondened if it could be P. scauru1H, geranium, Sicilian lemon, curly. Leaves which is noted as "peculiarly sweet broader than long, curled at maro-inb , scented." toothed. Flowers five petaled, pale Pretty Polly, Another of much the Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 69

17

2.0 2. 2.

IG

2.5

COllger 15. P. rapaceq,mL. Mrs. Kingsle,)1 or Kil1gsbury. 16. P. Scarboroviae. CMmtess of SCa?'borough. 17. P. Rollins011i. Rollinson's st01'kbill. 18. P . alchem,illoides. Pheasa11t's foot . .19. P. ft£lgidum. Sca1'let U11/iqt£e. 22. P. mdula. 20. Monsieur Ninon. P. scabn£1n ? 23 . P. filicifoliu111. 21 . P. de1'lticulat1f1n. 24. Pretty Polly. 25. P. terebi1'lthinaceu111. Little Ge11l. 70 T HE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 same shape and texture w1ith a decided P. rapaceu11t. Mrs. Kingsbury or almond fragrance. Kingsley, one meets it uncler both SPICE. Flat 90ft leaves, thin and names. Crumpled almost double leaf, silky, mainly round in shape, finely ser­ finely serr

Bailey calls this ci triodorum , wronalyb' ments which overlap, edges sharply ser­ it seems to me, as the oclor is neither rate. F lowers bright scarlet, a distinc­ lemon nor orange. tive and rare shade. Fragrance aro­ MINT. T hick leaves, tomentose, matic. horizontal manner of branching growth. Clorinda. Very large three lobed P. t0111>e11toSU1n. Pennyroyal storks­ overlapping leaf. Each lobe divided bi ll, peppermint geranium. 1790. T hi ck into two or three segments. Pleasant succulent stems, branching in all di­ fragrance call ed by some sharp and re­ rections. Leaves five lobed, thickly freshing, to me like that of eucalyptus. plushy and tomentose, having sil ver An old garden plant. down on either side. The most irresisti­ P. terebil1tl1.1:nacetml. Little Gem. ble of the fami ly-if you like peppermint. Garden hybrid of graveolens and quer- Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 71

Conge1' 26 . P. q'V£e1'cifoliu.111,. Oal" leaved. 27. Clorinda. 28. P. g1'ossuloides. 29. P. odomtissiwt1,f,1n. Apple sce11ted.

cifolium, with qualities of each appar­ the spring, grow like Jack's beanstalk, ent. Broader leaf than long, pinnately and also furnish nice specimens for the lobed, edge serrated and odQr like var­ house during the winter. The indoor nish. requirements are simple, soil of two P. RoUinsoni. Rollinson's storkbill. A parts loam, one of sand, one of humus

cherrimum. Flowers lilac with deep­ AUTHORITIES ·er velvet patch. P. alchemilloides. Pheasant's foot. "Favorite Flowers of Garden and Long leaf, with linear deeply toothed Greenhouse," Edward Step. 1896. lobes, almost imperceptibly serrate. "Geraniaceae," Sweet. 1820. Flowers veined with rose. Odor of "The Illustrated Dictionary of Gar­ varnish. dening," Nicholson. Large plants are only adapted to the "Encyclopedia of Horticulture," g reenhouse, cuttings, garden planted in Bailey. A Book or Two

The Gladiolus, 1936. Published by The again from pages 99 to 116, and then New England Gladiolus Society, goes up startlingly for pages 117 to Inc. Sent only to members of the 138. From there on any reviewer is Society on receipt of annual dues of more or less at a loss unless he is a one dollar. 230 pages, illustrated. member of the gladiolus fraternity, but he reads on and on to the end. The organization of this handsome yearbook is well outlined by the sub­ Year Book, American Amaryllis So­ headings in the table of contents: ciety, 1935. Edited by Hamilton P. Gladiolus as a Hobby, How I Became Traub, Orlando, Florida. 162 pages, Interested in Gladiolus, Origin and illustrated. Annual dues, $2.00. Development, The Novice, The Ama­ teur, The Specialist, Planting Culture This volume opens with an auto­ and Fertilizer, Diseases and Insect biography of Theodore L. Mead, to Pests, Exhibition of Gladiolus, Gladio­ whom the book is dedicated, that lus for Decorative Purposes, Digging, should be a useful historical docu­ Curing and Storing, Hybridizing, ment, an obituary note for the late Dr. Notes on Outstanding Varieties, Glad­ David Griffiths, and two book reviews. iolus Institute, Notes from Around There follows a section dealing with the World, Our Society-Past, Pres­ the Society-messages and reports-a ent and Future, 1935 Shows, New most entertaining "Mail Bag" - a England Gladiolus, Society Reports, printing of the Constitution and By­ Where to Buy Bulbs. Anyone who Laws. has had anything to do with preparing After this, the book falls in seven a publication on any special plant will parts: first, Regional Activities and see at once that this covers the field Exhibitions; second, Description and and any reader will admit that his Phylogeny; third, Breeding; fourth, particular interests are covered some­ Propagation; fifth, Culture; sixth, where among the titles. Curing, Storage, Forcing and Cut Your present reviewer, for example, F lowers; seventh, Marketing. joyfully skips over to page 30 before The second section contains a re­ he starts to read seriously-in fact, to print from Dr. Hutchinson's "The page 31, and then settles down to Families of F lowering Plants," which solid pleasure until page 48. From departs from other systems by trans­ that page to page 69 the degree of ferring to the Amaryllidaceae a num­ interest varies, but no matter how low ber of tribes and genera usually kept the reaction, there is the joyful ad­ in the Liliaecae, where they still belong mission that all the stories are good. in the opinion of others quite as com­ Pages 70-80 are the best ever, clear­ petent as Dr. Hutchinson. cut and to the point. Pages 81-98 It contains also a check list of cover the sad part of the gladiolus BuLbous Amaryllidaceae Native to the grower's life and the only thing to United States, compiled by C. V. quarrel about is the lack of proper Morton of the U. S. National Her­ legend on the plate between pages 82 barium, which is not based on the and 83. The reviewer's interest flags Hutchinson system, and a Catalog of Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 73

Argentine Amaryllidaceae by Jose.. F. also includes phrases and terms with MOlfino. Dr. Traub gives ,a note on the arrangement of the term in order the differences between the older sys­ of use and not rearranged to give the tem of Pax and Hoffmann and the noun or verb precedence. For exam­ adopted one of Hutchinson, but with­ ple, one finds the entry, "final yield" out any particularly defensive state­ under the £Is, and it does not reappear ments. Mr. Hume gives a short paper as "yield, final" under the y's. When _on the Zephyranthes of Florida; Mr. one has become accustomed to this Ruthruff one on the "Occurrence of usage, all goes well, but at first it Alkaloids in the Amaryllidaceae." seems awkward to the English reader The Section on Breeding contains a and presumably might be equally so rather routine paper by the late Dr. for the French reader. For the Ger­ Griffiths on Opportunities for Breed­ man or Dutch reader, whose tongues ing with Daffodils, illustrated by a so often provide a compound noun for Bellingham production of unusually our English phrase, this will seem, bad form and style; a paper on perhaps, a curious comment. N erines by the Messrs. Barr; The The editor points out that this is Species of Daylilies 'by Dr. A. B. not a descriptive or defining diction­ .stout; Louis Percival Bosanquet and ary, and reminds us that it is a Dic­ His Crinums by Wyndham Hayward; tionary of Terms, intended to provide Peter Henry Oberwelter, A Texas equivalents in the four tongues. As Amaryllid Pioneer by C. W. Hall; such it should be of greatest value to My Father's Work with Amaryllis by workers who must read foreign texts A. H. N ehrling; Some of the Newer and cannot get from the usual diction­ Daffodils by Mary McD. Beirne; Ar­ ary the exact equivalent. tificial Reversal of Growth Dominance The compiler was assisted by a in Amaryllids by Hamilton P . Traub; notable group of colleagues, all of Experiences in Breeding Crinums by whose names are fully recorded on Cecil Houdyshel; Belladonna Lily Hy­ the title pages and to some of whom brids Pamianthe peruviana by Th. M. special thanks are recorded in the Hoog. Editor's Foreword. The most interesting papers in the book are the Vegetative Propagation Flower Gm'den Prime?'. By Julia H. of Hippeastrums by Ida Lutyen, and Cummins. The Macmillan Com­ Dr. Traub's Propagation of Amaryl­ pany, New York, 1935. 334 pages, lids by Stem Cuttings. illustrated. $3.00. The papers in the sections that fol­ low are good but relate chiefly to very One of the most eager and at the special plants or special areas. same time impatient of all readers of garden books is the beginner, and very Dicti0'l1ary of Te1'111S. Compiled by often there is a degree of reasonable­ T. J. Bezemer. The Williams and ness in his impatience. His chief dif­ Wilkins Company, Baltimore, Md., ficulty lies usually in the very fact 1935. $8.00. that he is a beginner and finds that A lthough this volume appears as there is too mLlch taken for granted in one, it is in reality four, with separate each text to make it useful for his sections, in Dutch, French, English beginning efforts. -and German. Mrs. Cummins' book is designed Unlike a strict dictionary where for this sort of reader, and is written .only single words appear, this volume so that her text may be taken as a 74 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 veritable guide for garden beginnings. Rhododendrons and A z ale as. By It is full of sage and experienced ad­ Clement Gray Bowers. The Mac­ vice, based upon years of experience. millan Company, New York, 1936. Soils, Annuals, Perennials, Biennials, 549 pages, illustrated. $10.00. Succession of Bloom, Garden Plan­ As one can see by the data above, ning and Re-making, Special Gardens, this is a large book, but one does not Special Plants, Garden Maintenance see that it is a handsome one. The are all discussed, and from this par­ illustrations are quite unusual, ex­ ticular point of view. If you are, quisitely colored and composed with therefore, an old gardener and likely singular feeling for the page. If one to be patronizing, don't read this book. could wish that some of the specimens But, if you are an old gardener, who pictured had been more robust, that has discovered that gardening is a per­ remains a personal desire, for it seems petual study, filled with beginnings, that the material is authentic and try it anyway, and in all probability typical for some parts of our country. you will discover a point of departure One has great admiration for the you may want to prove for yourself. thoroughness of the plan and its exe­ cution. The successful culture of this Claude Monet and His Ga1'den. By group depends upon an understanding Stephen Gwynne, The Macmillan of the needs of this group and one's Company, New York, 1935. 170 capacity for approximating them in pages, illustrated. $2.00. one's own garden. The first seven chapters deal with this. The next four This is a delightfully simple book, chapters deal with the choice of the animated by a warm regard for the plants. The next three discuss propa­ painter and his work. The story of gation. The next five, the most im­ his life is told with gentle humor and portant contribution of the book, are through it runs the story of the paint­ for the breeder. The remainder of the er's passion for light and its color. It book is of historical value, mixed with is with flowers as sources of color, and endless bits of prime importance to water-lilies as flowers related to water the grower. that we are most concerned. Of the It is quite possible as time goes by latter there are both photographs and and we have more and more first photographs of paintings. If the latter hand data as to the behavior of spe­ seem less wonderful in black and cies and hybrids in more parts of the white reproduction, it is only that, as country that additional volumes will anyone can see who visits Paris. be needed, but they probably will For the gardener who reads a book never displace this parent work, which to find what he may of immediate use is as it should be. for his own garden, there is very little Surely from now on, Americans will unless he examines the illustrations be more aware of the riches to be and discovers for himself the beauty found in this genus that was for so of the water-lilies planted on a still many years identified with our own surface where their patches of foliage country though now it must share and flowers make patterns on the honors increasingly with China and lighted or shadowed water surfaces. Japan. The Gardener's Pocketbook

1%U11Le. Prunus ' Seith. & Zucco (See that is made into a pickle in Japan, us­ page 76.) ing a brine for the pickling medium. They are eaten with meats and other The Japanese apricot often appears foods and never alone. Their eating in li'sts of the special flowers of Japan by an occidental is more likely to be an but tourists do not so often get to .T apan experience than an event and rarely in time to see its flowering since it leads to a habit. comes well ahead of the famous cherry For our country, therefore, the plant blossom season. In Japan, however, is most to be recommended for those the "mume" is {:onsidered even more regions where other winter-flowering poetical than the cherry and by purists trees and shrubs safely produce their is far more esteemed, since its fl ower­ untimely flowers. ing comes as winter leaves the scene and its branches are sometimes laden Sisyrinchiu11t gra1~difioru11t (See page with snow as well as flowers. 77.) In this country its precocious habit often results only in trouble, for a warm This charming Western relative of season in midwinter will start the flow­ the blue-eyed grasses has been men­ er buds into growth only to freeze them tioned many times in this Journal but later with a return to winter. The its picturing has been deferred in the plant is not quite as hardy to cold as hope that it might be better shown than the fruiting apricots and so is most in the accompanying illustration. This, useful for southern planting. Even inadequate as it is, shows the different there situations should be chosen that habit of the plant with its less flattened will retard flowering to the latest possi­ leaves and its larger, more pendulous ble time. flowers. These, instead of making a The plant develops vigorously into flat six-pointed star, hang like a deli­ a small and rather tangled tree with cate if spreading bell, and are of a most many interlacing shoots and branches astonishingly delicate texture, like that that are armed with spiny short spur­ of finest silk. like flowering shoots. For this reason, The color of the flower varies con­ pruning is a painful operation but it siderably but the commonest hue is a need nO't be done often or very severe­ moderately deep, slightly purplish, rose­ ly. Flowering becomes most abundant red. The variations lead over to deep­ after the tree has finished its initial er colors and to paler ones. Pure whites growth and has settled down to the are found and whites with tinted petals. slower pace of maturity. Many of these have been segregated by In color the flowers range from collectors and are being grown under snowy or greenish whites to deep rose nursery conditions to assure their in­ pinks; in form single to fu lly doubled crease. blooms. All have a delicate scent that Gardening luck in the East seems to is most apparent 011 warm days. vary with this plant. Autumn plant­ The single flowered forms produce a ing seems inevitable on account of the small fruit of rather indifferent quality early start that the plant makes. A rich [7SJ 76 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

Lilian A. Guernsey [See page 75]

P'runus 1nU71f/,e Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 77

Michael Carron [See page 75] 78 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 soil well supplied with humus and grit flare immoderately at the mouth. This and. an adequate supply of moisture gives a feeling of delicacy ,to the flower during early Spring seems to be neces­ without suggesting weakness and is a sary. Given this, the plants have per­ pleasant variation from the larger, sisted here for some years, but some­ more robust flowers commonly grown. thing seems wanting since they do not In addition there is a slightly back­ flower annually. ward flaringcharaoter in the perianth, Even occasional flowering is enough, such as one more commonly associates however, to reward one, for they come with cyclamineus hybrids, that gives a into bloom with the earliest of the usual rather piquant carriage ,to the flower. bulbous plants and make a welcome Here the plant has g'rown well, in­ variation from the familiar snowdrops creased regularly but not too rapidly and winter aconites, or even the more and has flowered year in and year precious bulbous iris species. out. Perhaps for the gardens of the future this will be what Emperor has NaTC 'iss~bS, Aerolite. (See page 79.) been for years. Washington, D. C. In offering recommendations for yellow trumpet narcissus, one always wonders if the recommendations can Lamium maculatwl'n (Linn.) Dead be justified since this is a very nu­ Nettle. (See page 80.) merous group and does not offer Like so many other roots and herbs many possi:biliti,es for varia:tion. There we now use, La1'niu1n 1qwc~datum was are, to be sure, variations in season introduced into this country fr0111 although most of the yellow trumpets Europe. In the eastern part of the as a group are early in the general United States it has strayed from narcissus procession. Variations in some of ,the old gardens and is often stature also are to be found from the met with along the wayside, well small species trumpets, the somewhat drained fields and dry sunny slopes. larger cyclamineus h)'lbrids and the Very nearly all horticultural reference vast array of taller forms. Color varies books list it with but :brief discription from pale to deep golden and varies and slight comment for a plant that more in the varieties that show a found such wide favor with gardeners slightly different hue in trumpet and of early American days. It must have perianth than those that are self­ had some very interesting medicinal or colored. sentimental history that seems to have Thi,s variety belongs in the larger­ been lost. flowered group and while by no means My experience with it has been that the earliest, is one of the earlier va­ of a very useful plant for the rock rieties to bloom. As the illustration garden. In a dryish spot in full sun shows the flower is approximately the it has been very happy when ruth­ same color throughout, a clear cool lessly divided every second year; in a lemon. Its distincti'on lies, however, half shaded position it has made itself more in the form of carriage of the very much at home and looked very ,bloom than in any other field. presentwble with nothing more than an Unlike many yellow trumpet va­ annual midsummer clipping which as rieties ,that are more familiar, this has the usual rejuvenating effect of pro­ a rather slender trumpet that does not ducing new stolons or leaf rosettes Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 79

Lilian A. Gu.emse'y [See page 78 ] Na1'C iss"Us, Aerolite 80 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

lllf.ichael Carron [See page 78]

LamiuWL 11'tac~~ latu111, Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 81

Michael Can'on [See page 82] Romulea bu.lbocodiu1n nivalis 82 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 at: the bast. In soils that are very The following spring the grassy moist L. maculatum is likely to de­ leaves began to push through and velop a stem rot and in soils contain­ finally there showed the promise of a ing a large quantity of humus or an flower bud that eventually turned into over supply manure is very likely to the flowers pictured. In a way these produce much foliage but little or no are something of an anti-climax for bloom. Although the foliage is very (heir whiteness is not shining, their attractive and one would be well re­ yellow tinted throat not like a sum­ paid for growing this plant for its mer sun, and the faint lilac tinting light green leaves that have whitish more or less indeterminate. As the blotches along the midrib, giving the flower opened the peduncle lengthened nearly heart shaped leaves a unique and when the seed pod was well de­ distinction. A most useful variation veloped it showed a length of five or of color throughout the growing sea­ six inches and an amusing haobit of son in the rock garden. curling a,bout on the ground. The flowers varying from purple­ The plant perhaps sensed the luke­ red, through lavendar pinks to white warm character of our admiration for according to seedling selection will be it has never flowered sl11ce. It has found in the trade under the name of persisted, however, in spite of three L. 'JInaculatwm, or L . mac~£latu11'l, va1'ie­ successive winters of sub-zero tem­ gatum. The white form is usually peratures that have finished other sup­ listed as albu11'l., and the deep colored posedly more hardy plants. one as purpure~£1n. All colors are good, Perhaps if the species had been clear and clean cut. rosea with its pinkish flowers or The flowers look a little like the Clusiana or Macowanii with yellow linarias in shape, borne on leafy stems blooms, more regret might be felt. a foot to eighteen inches tall in as­ Washington, D. C. cending clusters. They appear in great profusion when grown in open Leyceste'ria fonnosa. (See page 83.) soil that is well drained. Among deciduous shrubs with con­ 1. N. ANDERSON. spicuous bark colors there are rela­ Ballston, Va. tively few in which that color is green. R0111.ulea bulbocodium nivalis. (See Such is t,he case with this plant under page 81.) our conditions where it is sometimes The small bu1bs that came by a very killed to the ground during the winter devious rou.te to the garden here so that each year sees an abundance caused excitement in inverse ration of new shoots. These rise 10 about to their size, for it was an event to 8 or 10 feet, their tips bending over handle the bulbs themselves, much less rather gracefully, under the fine load feel the enthusiasm the prospect of of dark green foliage. their flowering engendered. Remem­ In Jate summer, drooping spikes ap­ bering the fact that all romuleas are pear in all the axils of the leaves on supposed to be less hardy than crocus, the upper parts of the shoots, that are a spot was chosen where the drain­ conspicuous for the large and reddish age would be perfect, the soil was brads between which appear the pink­ modified by the addition of both hu­ ish-white, a,belia-like flowers. These mus and gritty sand and the bulbs are followed by purplish black fruits, commended to the winter. that are almost more conspicuous than Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 83

Lilian A. GlI erusey [See page 82] L eycesteria f01'1nosa 84 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

'I L ilian A. Guen!sey [See page 861 Co ton easter pall1wsa Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE 85

Lil-ia.n A. GHel'nsey [See pa.ge 86 ] Rhododend1'on 11vic1'a11thum 86 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 the flowers since they are cumulative country, ou.r available records d'0 not in effect while the flowers appear at say. various times. In no case would the It is properly an evergreen and does shrub be considered as interesting as not have the faculty of becoming one '0f :the hydrangeas, altheas or crape deciduous in color climates as do myrtles ,that fill the late summer some species. It also has a tendency to continuous growth late into the shmbbery with color, but certainly it season which is particularly undesir­ is quite interesting enough to compare able in northern garden plan.ts. The with s'ome of the black fruited shrubs actual size and character of the leaves more comm'0nly grown. and fruits are sh'0wn well enough in The exact range of the plant's hardi­ the illustration. It remains only to ness is not known, but from the be­ say that the under surfaces of the havior of the plant here it would seem leaves are almost white with soft wool that it might fall into that group of and that similar white wool covers the plants in which the roots endure and young shoots, d·isappearing as they ,the tops are quickly replaced after mature. The flowers appear in crowded winter killing. Unlike buddleia, cary­ hawthorne-like corymbs to be followed opteris and similar plants, this makes by dull and rather hard orange red a relatively secondary display of flow­ fruits that persist well after frost and ers and fruits and so is probably fairly well after cutting. As the worthy of attention only in the South. leaves fall off, unless the cut branches . The note in Curtis Botanical Maga­ are put in water the plant is not of zme (Tab. 3699) is written from a much value for decoration. descripti'0n of a plant flowered in the All texts speak of its general sim­ greenhouse at the Edinburgh B'0tanic ilarity to the more common C. Fran.­ Garden in 1838. The color plate cheti and point out that that species shows a much more conspicuous in­ has larger, brighter green leaves, less florescence than any observed out of showy flowers in the cluster. As this doors here, with less conspicuous species is s'0mewhat more hardy than bracts and more flowers open at one time. the .subject of our n'0te, it may be Washington, D. C. conSidered as a poor substitute, but even it is not dependable in the North C otoneaste'Y pannosa. (See page 84.) as generally understood. This species is not for the North Rhododend1'on 1'11.ic1'anthu111. but for the South and West where it It was not possible to include a pho­ will not be subjected to winter tem­ tograph of this hardy but not particu­ peratures of severity, nor to summer larly showy species with Dr. Bower's heats of t'0O great intensity. Native note in the issue for July, 1935, but it to YUI11:an, China, but not at partic­ is hoped that those members who are ularly high elevations, it was sent back most interested in rhododendrons will to France by the Abbe Delavay about have no trouble in turning back to 1888 and reached England four years page 284 of Volume 14 and readinO"<:> later. By what route it reached this what he has to say. Jan., 1936 THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE

THE BEST [Roses FOR AMERICA

Is Not a Boast, It Is OUT Ambition 1. By thorough test to have the best varieties 2. By excellent culture to produce the american best plan ts. 3. By personal attention to render the most satisfactory type of service. Star Roses are of such excellence that they can be and are guaranteed to bloom the first blooming period after purchase, failing which we will replace the plant • or refund its cost. 1JRoses of such dis­ tinction deserve and do bear a trade mark, HE American Iris Society, since its a durable, celluloid Star tag on every plant. 1JWrite for details regarding " How T organization in 1920, has published to Grow Roses" (200 pages), " Success 54 Bulletins which cover every phase of with Roses" (4 times a year), and illus­ iris growing and should be useful to all trated lectures by R. Marion Hatton and gardeners. The Society has copies of all Robert Pyle. but three of these Bulletins for sale. A TH E CONARD-PYLE CO. circular giving list of contents of each Bul­ letin, price, etc., may be secmed from the * Star Rose Growers * Secretary, B. Y . Morrison, 821 Washing­ ROBERT PYLE, President ton Loan & Trust Bldg., Washington, D ·. C. West Grove 534, Pa. In order to dispose of surplus stocks of some numbers we offer 6 Bulletins (our selection) for $1.00.

Rare Native Plants from the Through an endowment given as a me­ "Land of the Sky" morial to the late Bertrand H. Farr the American Iris Society is able to offer free Stewartia malacodendroll Pachystima canhyi to all Garden Clubs or Horticultural So­ Franklinia alatamaha Shortia galacifolia cieties the use of our traveling library. Clinopodium Phlox nivalis carolinianum Gentiana Cuthbertia graminea porphyrio This libraty contains all books ever pub­ lished on Iris and a complete file of the - Catalog Free bulletins of this society and The English Iris Society, and miscellaneous pamphlets. NIK-NAR NURSERY Biltmore Station Asheville, N. C. The library may be borrowed for one month without charge except the actual express charges. Organizations desiring RARE ENGLISH it should communicate with the nearest of the following offices :

FLOWER SEEDS Horticultural Society of New York, 1936 ill1£s/rated cataJogt£e, the most compre­ 598 Madison Avenue, New York City hensive ever published, nearly 200 pages, over 4,500 different kinds of fl ower seeds Mrs. Katherine H . Leigh, described, including an up-to-date collection Missouri Botanic Garden, St. Louis, Mo. of D elphiwiwrns and Llt pines and a large selection of H e1-ba.ceou.s and R ock Plants. Sydney B_ Mitchell, School of Librarianship, F ree on application to Berkeley, Calif. THOMPSON AND MORGAN IPSWICH, ENGLAND ii THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936

Extensive collection ---of rare and ------beautiful Rock and Alpine -Plants YOU R PATRONAGE A ll t ested a s to ha rdiness and desir ability for R ock Ga rdens. OF OUR ADVERTISERS Selection s of plan ts for cl1 matic conditions in all pa rts of the coun try. MEANS PROSPERITY Free catalogue on how t o have CONTINUOUS BLOOM in the rock garden. TO THE MAGAZINE CRONAMERE ALPINE NURSERIES, INC.

Shore Road, Greens Farms, Conn. The advertisers herein are TREE PEON I ES s~~~~et{a~ti~.g dealers with a high reputa­ Japanese Flowering Cherries, Flower· tion for quality material ing Crabapples, and other specialties. Ask for Catalog A and square dealing. Give them your orders and do IdS; ~

THE NEW PEONY SUPPLEMENT

ESIRING to bring the peony manual up to date a supplement has D been prepared by that eminent authority on the peony, Professor A. P. Saunders. To those who do not have the peony manual, we desire to advise that there will be no advance in price of the book with the supplement bound in. The present price of $3.15 delivered is still in effect and will bring you the greatest amount of peony information possible to secure in one volume. Over 250 new ratings are shown, in addition to other information of value. To those desiring the supplement only, a price of 50 cents will cover a copy. Keep posted on the new ratings as they will be a helpful guide in making your fall purchases.

All orders will be filled promptly upon receipt of remittance sent to,

W. F. Christman, Secretary, AMERICAN PEONY SOCIETY Northbrook, Ill.

THERE are nearly 4,000 Institutions of pure and applied botany. There are between 60,000 and 70,000 botanists, horticultural research work­ ers, etc. There are about 1,000 periodicals con­ cerned with plant science! How can you keep in touch with all this activity? How can you find out what other botanists, horticulturists, agronomists, etc., are doing and what new work they are planning? CHRONICA BOTANICA will help you. Subscribe to it and help with the compilation of the next volume. All directors of institutions and sec· or Secretaries, who do not receive our retaries of societies will receive a copy Autumn Bulletin, which will reach of our questionnaire at the beginning them annually before Oct. 15th, are of December of each year. Replies kindly requested to acquaint us of the should reach the Editor-in-Chief, Dr. fact at their earliest convenience, which F. Verdoorn, Leiden, Holland, not later will enable us to include them in our than January 30th, as it will generally mailing list, and will ensure their re­ be impossible to make use of informa­ ceiving a copy of the questi onnaire in tion received after that date. Directors December.

Prospectus, sample pages and further information may be had from the EDITORIAL AND PUBLISIllNG OFFICE, P. O. Box 8, L eiden, Holland. IV THE NATIONAL HORTICULTURAL MAGAZINE Jan., 1936 THE AMERICAN IRIS SOCIETY

The American Iris Society, since its organization in 1920, has published 54 Bulle­ tins which cover every phase of iris growing and should be useful to all gardeners. The Society has copies of all but three of these Bulletins for sale. A circular giving list of contents of each Bulletin, price, etc., may be secured from the Secretary, B. Y. Morrison, 821 Washington Loan & Trust Bldg., Washington, D. C. In order to dispose of surplus stocks of some numbers we offer 6 Bulletins (our selection) for $1.00. Through an endowment given as a memorial to the late Bertrand H. Parr the American Iris Society is able to offer free to all Garden Clubs or Horticultural Societies the use of our traveling library. This library contains all books ever published on Iris and a complete file of the bulletins of this society and The English Iris Society, and miscellaneous pamphlets. The library may be borrowed for one month without charge except the actual ex­ press charges. Organizations desiring it should communicate with the nearest of the following offices:

Horticultural Society of New York, 598 Madison Avenue, New York City Mrs. Katherine H. Leigh, Missouri Botanic Garden, St. Louis, Mo. Sydney B. Mitchell, School of Librarianship, Berkeley, Calif.

Application for Membership

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SOCIETY. Remittance of $ ...... is enclosed of which the sum of $2.00 is for a Ye6"' ~ subscription to the National Horticultural Magazine.

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Ohecks should be made p01/able to The A.mer·wan Horticultura), Society, 8Z1 Washington La"", and Trust Bldg., Washington, D. C. The American Horticultural Society

INVITES to membership all persons who are interested in the devel­ opment of a great national society that shall serve as an ever growing center for the dissemination of the common knowledge of the members. There is no requirement for membership other than this and no reward beyond a share in the development of the organization. For its members the society publishes THE NATIONAL HORTICUL­ TURAL MAGAZINE, at the present time a quarterly of increasing impor­ tance among the horticultural publications of the da,y and destined to fill an even larger role as the society grows. It is published during the months of January, April, July and October and is written by and for members. Under the present organization of the society with special committees appointed for the furthering of special plant projects the members will receive advance material on narcissus, tulips, lilies, rock garden plants, conifers, nuts, and rhododendrons. Membership in the society, therefore, brings one the advantages of membership in many societies. In addition to these special projects, the usual garden subjects are covered and particular attention is paid to new or little known plants that are not commonly described elsewhere. The American Horticultural Society invites not only personal mem­ berships but affiliations with horticultural societies and clubs. To such it offers some special inducements in memberships. Memberships are by the calendar year. The Annual Meeting of the Society is held in Washington, D. c., and members are invited to attend the special lectures that are given at that time. These are announced to the membership at the time of balloting. The Annual Meeting luncheon will feature a lecture by Mrs. F. Stuart Foote, (The Lure of the Daffodil." The Narcissus Show of the Garden Club of Virginia, April 15-16, and of the Daffodil Club of Maryland, April 16-17, make this a most important week for garden lovers. The annual dues are three dollars the year, payable in advance; life membership is one hundred dollars; inquiry as to affiliation should be addressed to the Secretary, Mr.C. C. Thomas, 821 Washington Loan and Trust Building, Washington, D. C.