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Poverty and Climate Change Reducing the Vulnerability of the Poor Through Adaptation
Poverty and Climate Change Reducing the Vulnerability of the Poor through Adaptation prepared by: African Development Bank Asian Development Bank Department for International Development, United Kingdom Directorate-General for Develop- ment, European Commission Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, Germany Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Development Cooperation, The Netherlands Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development United Nations Development Programme United Nations Environment Programme The World Bank II Contents List of Boxes, Figures, Tables, Acronyms and Abbreviations IV Foreword V Acknowledgements VI Executive Summary IX Poverty Reduction – the Challenge of the 21st Century IX Climate Change is Happening and Will Increasingly Affect the Poor IX Adaptation is Necessary X Strengthening Adaptation Efforts XI Next Steps XII Part 1: Climate Change and the Poor 1 1.1 Climate Change is a Reality 1 1.2 Developing Countries Will Be Particularly Affected 5 1.3 Adaptation is a Necessity 5 1.4 Existing Vulnerability to Climate Variability 5 1.5 Already Stressed Coping Capacities 6 1.6 Climate Change Compounding Existing Risks and Vulnerabilities 7 1.7 Implications for Poverty Eradication 11 Part 2: Adaptation Lessons from Past Experience 15 2.1 Addressing Vulnerability in the Context of Sustainable Livelihoods 15 2.2 Equitable Growth and Adaptation to Climate Change 19 2.3 Improving Governance to Mainstream Climate Issues in Poverty Reduction 24 Part 3: The Way Forward 29 3.1 Mainstream Adaptation into Sustainable -
ASC Working Paper 122 / 2015
Historical overview of development policies and institutions in the Netherlands, in the context of private sector development and (productive) employment creation Agnieszka Kazimierczuk ASC Working Paper 122 / 2015 Agnieszka Kazimierczuk African Studies Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands [email protected] African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands Telephone +31-71-5273372 Fax +31-71-5273344 E-mail [email protected] Website http://www.ascleiden.nl Agnieszka Kazimierczuk, 2015 2 Historical overview of development policies and institutions in the Netherlands, in the context of private sector development and (productive) employment creation Agnieszka Kazimierczuk Abstract This paper reviews the Dutch development cooperation policies for the years 1949-2015 with particular attention for private sector development (PSD). Over the years, poverty alleviation, private sector development and security have been dominant focus areas of Dutch development cooperation, with PSD taking a central role as it was assumed that poverty could only be alleviated when a country’s economy is stimulated. Therefore, the Dutch government has been strongly supporting policies and initiatives stimulating PSD in the Netherlands and in developing countries. The long history of Dutch development cooperation shows continuity in its approach towards development policy as a way of promoting Dutch businesses and export in developing countries. Introduction This paper reviews Dutch development cooperation policies for the years 1949-2015 with particular attention for private sector development (PSD). Moreover, this appraisal examines a potential role for Dutch development policies in creating an enabling environment for the ‘home’ (Dutch) and ‘host’ (recipient) private sector to generate (productive) employment. Since the end of the Second World War, the Netherlands has been an active supporter of international development aid. -
The Millennium Development Goals Beyond 2015
! The Millennium Development Goals beyond 2015 Eveline Herfkens Thursday 26 May 2011, at 10:00 Aula degli Organi Collegiali (University Campus, Palazzo del Rettorato) Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Roma 1 ! The "Kapuscinski Lectures" project is an initiative of the European Commission, implemented jointly with UNDP and partner institutions. The lecture in Rome is hosted by the SAPIENZA University of Rome. The project is funded by the European Commission. The first Italian “Kapuscinki Letcure” is part of the Course of Higher Learning on Sustainable Development and the Millennium Development Goals, organised by the Urban Research Centre for the Developing Countries (Centro PVS) at the University of Rome “La Sapienza”, [email protected] http://w3.uniroma1.it/sapienzamillenniumcourse/ in collaboration with UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME (UN-HABITAT) and with SPES – Development Studies, Research Centre at the University of Rome “La Sapienza”. [email protected] http://w3.uniroma1.it/spes The Rettore of the University of Rome La Sapienza Ufficio Cerimoniale della Sapienza T (+39) 06 4991 0541-0385-0291 e-mail [email protected] 2 ! Introduction The series “Kapuscinski lectures”, from the name of Ryszard Kapuscinski, Polish reporter and writer covering developing countries, are organized jointly by the European Commission, United Nations Development Programme and partner universities. Within the framework of this project, best experts from around the world deliver lectures on development and development cooperation at universities of the European Union countries. The series of lectures offer students and experts from Member States of the European Union an unprecedented opportunity to learn and discuss development and issues related to development cooperation. -
Development Committee Document
DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE (Joint Ministerial Committee of the Boards of Governors of the Bank and the Fund On the Transfer of Real Resources to Developing Countries) FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY DC/2000-24 January 11, 2001 RECORD OF DISCUSSION OF THE SIXTY-SECOND MEETING OF THE DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE Chairman: Yashwant Sinha, Minister of Finance, India Prague September 25, 2000 Contents Page No. Plenary Session Introductory Remarks by the Chairman 1 Statement by the Managing Director of the Fund 2 Statement by the President of the World Bank 4 Statement by the Chairman of the Group of Twenty-Four 7 Chairman’s Summary of Main Points Made in Ministers’ Circulated Statements 8 Prepared Statements Circulated by Members 11 Prepared Statements Circulated by Observers 123 Annex A Agenda 145 Annex B Communiqué 147 Annex C List of Participants 151 * * * This document has a restricted distribution and it is requested that it should be used by recipients on a similarly restricted basis and not be published, quoted or cited. i Plenary Session Speakers Page No. Mr. Köhler, Managing Director, International Monetary Fund 2 Mr. Wolfensohn, President, World Bank 4 Mr. Saito, Chairman of the Group of Twenty-Four 7 Chairman 9 Statements by Members Mr. Al-Sayari* (Saudi Arabia) 11 Mr. Couchepin (Switzerland) 14 Mr. Eyzaguirre (Chile) 19 Mr. Fabius (France) 24 Mr. Fazio* (Italy) 28 Mr. Giordani (República Bolivariana de Venezuela) 33 Ms. Herfkens* (The Netherlands) 37 Mr. Kemp* (Australia) 42 Mr. Khristenko (Russian Federation) 45 Mr. Malan (Brazil) 54 Mr. Martin (Canada) 59 Mr. Mbumba (Namibia) 67 Mr. Murata (Japan) 72 Mr. -
Speech by Agnes Van Ardenne-Van Der Hoeven, Minister for Development Cooperation
Speech by Agnes van Ardenne-Van der Hoeven, Minister for Development Cooperation. Cordaid, ICCO and ISS Conference “Religion: A Source for Human Rights and Development Cooperation” 7 September 2005, Soesterberg The outstretched hand (During the speech, a photograph is projected showing the outstretched hand of a white missionary, holding the hand of an emaciated Ugandan child) [Introduction] Ladies and gentlemen, The Old Testament says “You shall open wide your hand to your brother, to the needy and to the poor in the land”. In development cooperation, the world is the land. This photograph is called “Hands” and it goes to the core of what we do: human hands as a symbol of the poverty that divides the world. But these hands are also a symbol of the compassion that can unite us, that can make us reach out and lend a helping hand. In this case, compassion flows from a religious source. The helping hand is the hand of a missionary. When I was a child development cooperation had the face of a missionary. Every once in a while, missionaries would visit my parents’ house and tell us about the poor and needy far beyond our borders. They would tell us how we could reach out, so that they could live their lives in dignity, and what I, a child living in a small village in the Netherlands, could do for children like the one in this photograph. But the truth is that the helping hand in this photo could just as easily have been the hand of a Muslim. -
Reaching Our Development Goals: Why Does Aid Effectiveness Matter?
Better aid… Reaching Our Development Goals: because it matters. Why Does Aid Effectiveness Matter? This booklet aims to stimulate dialogue around the aid reform effort embodied by the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness. It reminds us of why this agreement is important, outlines what objectives have been set, and points to what still needs to be accomplished. This effort is driving many actors in developing countries—56 of whom participated in the 2008 Survey on Monitoring the Paris Declaration— aid agencies, global funds and civil society groups to reflect and act together within the widest consultative process ever convened on development assistance. This booklet reflects that process, bringing together a range of voices on aid and its quality. “... the true test The Millennium of aid effectiveness is Development Goals improvement in people’s lives.” Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger – 2006 Survey on Monitoring the Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education Paris Declaration, OECD (2007) Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4: Reduce child mortality Goal 5: Improve maternal health Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability Goal 8: Develop a Global Partnership for Development Reaching Our Development Goals: Why Does Aid Effectiveness Matter? In September 2000, world leaders made a series of historic commitments at the United Nations Millennium Summit. They pledged to work together to free their fellow human beings from the “abject and dehumanizing conditions of extreme poverty” and to “make the right to development a reality for everyone.” Their wide-ranging commitments—now known as the MDGs—include efforts to address environmental degradation, gender inequality and HIV/AIDs as well as improve access to education, health care and clean water for the world’s poorest. -
Cleaning up the Mess by John Roberts Matter
HARSH “It depends on your reading habits. When I open a book, ASSESSMENT: I start reading at the footnotes.” Worldwatch Institute reports on the state of – Michel Camdessus, former managing director of the International Monetary Fund, reacting the world to complaints that his report backs big dams and relegates the concerns of the World – p. 7 Commission on Dams to a footnote. SATURDAY, MARCH 22, 2003 NEWSPAPER OF THE 3RD WORLD WATER FORUM ~ KYOTO, SHIGA & OSAKA, JAPAN VOLUME 1, ISSUE 7 Cleaning Up the Mess by John Roberts matter. The Bush administration says it will soon award big More than 20 years of conflict supervisory reconstruction con- in the Gulf demonstrate the tracts to US companies. Reports need for a new Geneva from Washington say the US Convention to protect the envi- does not envisage a major role ronment, says Klaus Toepfer, for the UN, or even American executive director of the United NGOs, in a post-Saddam Iraq. Nations Environment Program Most UN agencies withdrew (UNEP). from Iraq hours before the “We have learned again and United States launched its again that the environment can attack. be used as a weapon,” Mr. The Bush administration’s Toepfer says. “The conse- decision to sideline the UN in quences of this are extremely the reconstruction of a post- serious, and not only for the Saddam Iraq, following its ear- people living there.” lier move to ignore the Security Mr. Toepfer says he is par- Council in deciding to attack the ticularly concerned about water, country, raises questions about arable land and the loss of bio- the future of the United Nations diversity. -
Bezinning Op Het Buitenland
Duco Hellema, Mathieu Segers en Jan Rood (red.) Bezinning op het buitenland Het Nederlands buitenlands beleid Zijn de traditionele ijkpunten van het naoorlogse Nederlandse buitenlandse beleid in een onzekere wereld nog up to date? In hoeverre kan het bestaande buitenlandse beleid van Nederland nog gebaseerd worden op de traditionele consensus rond de drie beginselen van (1) trans-Atlantisch veiligheidsbeleid, (2) Europese economische integratie volgens de communautaire methode, en (3) ijveren voor versterking van de internationale (rechts)orde en haar multilaterale instellingen? Is er sprake van een teloorgang van die consensus en verwarring over de nieuwe werkelijkheid? Recente internationale ontwikkelingen op veiligheidspolitiek, economisch, financieel, monetair en institutioneel terrein, als mede op het gebied van mensenrechten en Duco Hellema, Mathieu Segers en Jan Rood (red.) ontwikkelingssamenwerking, dagen uit tot een herbezinning op de kernwaarden en uitgangspunten van het Nederlandse buitenlandse beleid. Het lijkt daarbij urgent een dergelijke herbezinning nu eens niet louter ‘van buiten naar binnen’, maar ook andersom vorm te geven. Het gaat derhalve niet alleen om de vraag wat de veranderingen in de wereld voor gevolgen (moeten) hebben voor het Nederlandse buitenlands beleid. Ook dient nagegaan te worden in hoeverre de Nederlandse perceptie van de eigen rol in de internationale politiek (nog) adequaat is. In verlengde hiervan zijn meer historische vragen te stellen. In hoeverre is daadwerkelijk sprake van constanten in het -
Daily Journal N° 5 for UNCTAD XI
N° 5 PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS Tuesday, 15 June 2004 On Conference Site Interactive Thematic Sessions 10 a.m. - 1 p.m. Building Productive Capacity - The Key to Plenary Hall Benefiting from Globalization Session I: Leveraging Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) for Export Competitiveness The session will also feature a special intervention by H.E. Mr. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil Moderator: Ms. Hilary BOWKER, Bowker Media+Communications, former CNN Anchor Followed by: 3 p.m. - 6 p.m. Session II: Building Competitive Export Plenary Hall Capacity of Developing Country Firms (TD/399) Moderator: Ms. Lala de Heinzelin, Enthusiasmo Cultural, Brazil Followed by: Award Event by World Summit of Young Entrepreneurs TD(XI)/OD/5 SAO.04 - 017 Committee of the Whole 9.30 a.m. - Drafting Group 1 (Chapeau & para. 99) Room I 1.30 p.m. - Drafting Group 1 (Chapeau & para. 99) Room AJUBA (continues) at the Holiday Inn 9.30 a.m. - Drafting Group 2 (subthemes 1 to 4) Room AJUBA at the Holiday Inn 6.30 p.m. - Drafting Group 2 (subthemes 1 to 4) Room G (continues) * * * * * 5 p.m. - 6 p.m. Meeting of the Committee of the Whole Room I (TD/L.368 and Add.1) * * * * * General Debate 10 a.m. - 1 p.m. Statements by: Room B Norway, Botswana, Finland, Germany, Czech Republic, Mauritania, Bangladesh, China, Egypt, Iraq, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bhutan, Venezuela, Romania, Philippines, Russian Federation, Qatar 3 p.m. - 9 p.m. Statements by: Room B Japan, United States of America, Mozambique, United Republic of Tanzania, Republic of Korea, Sweden, Saudi Arabia, Serbia and Montenegro, Burkina Faso, South Africa, Iceland, Côte d'Ivoire, Kazakhstan, India, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Austria, UNDP, Portugal, UNIDO, Senegal, Costa Rica, Switzerland, FAO, Nepal, World Tourism Organization, Bulgaria, Australia, Canada, Yemen Other meetings on Conference Site 11.45 a.m. -
Aantal Woorden: 13.141
Aantal woorden: 13.141 Samenvatting Wat zijn de mechanismen achter de fluctuatie van het aantal vrouwen op de kieslijsten voor de Tweede Kamer van 1967 tot 2021? Eerder onderzoek heeft aangetoond dat vrouwenorganisaties, politieke partijen en de overheid invloed hebben op de stijging in het percentage vrouwelijke politici. Daarin blijft de aanmelding voor de kandidatenlijst van een partij onderbelicht en ligt de nadruk op de verkozen politici. Dit onderzoek neemt een stap terug en kijkt naar de aanmeldingen en selectieprocedures van partijen. Uit een vergelijking van de situatie in Nederland met die in Finland blijkt dat in Nederland het kostwinnersmodel met haar invloed op de komst van sociale wetgeving ervoor zorgde dat weinig vrouwen de baan van Kamerlid ambieerden. Een vergelijking van de kandidaten selectieprocedures van de Partij van de Arbeid, D66 en (de moederpartijen van) GroenLinks over de periode van 1967-2021 laat zien dat beleid maken om evenredige presentatie te realiseren werkt maar dat vastlegging in regelementen geen noodzaak is. Vanuit het vraag en aanbodmodel gezien hadden al deze partijen een grote vraag naar vrouwelijke kandidaat Kamerleden gedurende de hele periode. Het aanbod aan vrouwelijke Kandidaten lijkt echter bijna de gehele periode klein te zijn. Er is geprobeerd aan de vraag van de politieke partijen te voldoen door de inzet van vrouwenorganisaties, beleid van de partijen en problematisering van de ondervertegenwoordiging van vrouwen in de politiek door de overheid. Toch steeg het aantal aanmeldingen van vrouwen om zich te kandideren voor de Tweede Kamer weinig. Interviews met oud Kamerleden hebben inzicht gegeven in de verklaring voor het kleine aanbod. -
Paper Van Pronk Tot Koenders
DPRN PHASE II – REPORT NO. 14 Een wereld van verschil – Een zaak van iedereen Ontwikkelingssamenwerkings- beleid van Pronk tot Koenders Colofon Dit rapport is een analyse van en reflectie op het Nederlandse ontwikkelings -samenwerkingsbeleid sinds Minister Pronk, uitgevoerd in het kader van de conferentie ‘Understanding Development Better’. Deze conferentie werd in augustus 2008 georganiseerd door MDF Training & Consultancy, het Institute of Social Studies en Vice Versa, in het kader van het Development Policy Review Network (DPRN). DPRN is een netwerk van ontwikkelings -deskundigen dat tot doel heeft het stimuleren van debat over het Nederlandse ontwikkelingsbeleid en het bevorderen van samenwerking en synergie tussen beleid, praktijk, bedrijfsleven en wetenschap. Voor meer informatie zie www.DPRN.nl, www.global-connections.nl en www.Search4Dev.nl. Input voor dit rapport vormen de presentaties en discussies tijdens de conferentie en de beleidsvisies van de Ministers Pronk, Herfkens, van Ardenne en Koenders. Het rapport werd geschreven door Ellen Tijkotte en Hans Rijneveld van MDF Training & Consultancy, met bijdragen van Kim de Vries van het Development Policy Review Network. Een wereld van verschil – een zaak van iedereen – 2 Inhoudsopgave Pagina Inleiding 4 Het begrip ontwikkeling 5 Ontwikkelingsprocessen en het Nederlandse ontwikkelingsbeleid 8 - Minister Pronk 8 - Minister Herfkens 9 - Minister van Ardenne 11 - Minister Koenders 12 Conclusies 13 Referenties 15 Een wereld van verschil – een zaak van iedereen – 3 Inleiding De Nederlandse ontwikkelingssamenwerking (OS) is al tientallen jaren een veelvuldig geëvalueerd, bediscussieerd en bekritiseerd onderwerp.1 We constateren dat in de loop van de tijd het debat aan diepgang heeft verloren. De aandacht is daarbij verschoven van een meer fundamenteel begrip van ontwikkelingsprocessen en de katalyserende rol die ‘hulp’ hierbij kan spelen, naar de effectiviteit van de hulp als zodanig. -
The 19Th ISPRS Congress
Welcome to the 19th ISPRS Congress Eveline Herfkens Minister for Development Co-operation Lawrence W. Fritz ISPRS President Klaas Jan Beek Congress Director Welcome by Dutch Minister for Development Co-operation The Netherlands' Development Co-operation Programme the next Congress in 1948 in The Hague, The Netherlands. strives continuously to bridge the gap between the rich and Being the first post-war Congress, it took place in a spirit the poor countries. These gaps are particularly wide in of great international co-operation and solidarity Upon the ISP's recommendation, The Netherlands' Government decided to establish the Interna tional Training Centre (lTC) for aerial survey and earth sciences, to accelerate the produc tion of geographical information in developing countries. In the year 2000, lTC celebrates its 50th anniversary By then, it will have organised training and educational courses in The Netherlands for 15,000 specialists from 150 countries and an equal number through its sis ter-institutes and projects abroad. Many of them participate in the ISPRS net work, which connects scientists and techni cians from all over the world, in support of processes towards sustainable development. Although communication has become much faster thanks to the new information and com munication technologies, there is still much to be achieved to reach all corners of the world, and all levels of society, to support the accel erated uptake and impact of scientific findings, and vice versa to increase the influence of stakeholders' information requirements on research and development. The theme for the tum-of-the-millennium ISPRS Congress in Amsterdam, "Geoinforma tion for All" reflects a spirit of world-wide soli darity, the wish to contribute to a better quality of life for all and a productive environment for science and technology, including the spatial sciences, present and future generations.