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(Diptera) Türleri Üzerinde Faunistik Çalişmalar

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(Diptera) Türleri Üzerinde Faunistik Çalişmalar T.C. SÜLEYMAN DEMİREL ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ ISPARTA İLİ CALLIPHORIDAE (DIPTERA) TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE FAUNİSTİK ÇALIŞMALAR Azime UZAL Danışman Doç. Dr. Ozan DEMİRÖZER II. Danışman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Gamze PEKBEY YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ BİTKİ KORUMA ANABİLİM DALI ISPARTA – 2018 © 2018 [Azime UZAL] İÇİNDEKİLER Sayfa İÇİNDEKİLER ........................................................................................................... i ÖZET .......................................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... iii TEŞEKKÜR .............................................................................................................. iv ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ ................................................................................................... v SİMGELER VE KISALTMALAR DİZİNİ ........................................................... vi 1. GİRİŞ ...................................................................................................................... 1 2. KAYNAK ÖZETLERİ .......................................................................................... 4 2.1. Leş Sinekleri Hakkında Yurtdışında Yapılan Çalışmalar ................................. 4 2.2. Leş Sinekleri Hakkında Türkiye’de Yapılan Çalışmalar................................... 6 3. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM ................................................................................. 8 3.1. Materyal ............................................................................................................. 8 3.2. Yöntem .............................................................................................................. 8 3.2.1 Arazi Çalışmaları ..................................................................................... 8 3.2.2 Laboratuvar Çalışması ............................................................................. 8 4. ARAŞTIRMA BULGULARI .............................................................................. 10 4.1. Calliphoridae Teşhis Anahtarı ......................................................................... 10 5. TARTIŞMA VE SONUÇ .................................................................................... 28 KAYNAKLAR ......................................................................................................... 31 ÖZGEÇMİŞ.............................................................................................................. 35 i ÖZET Yüksek Lisans Tezi ISPARTA İLİ CALLIPHORIDAE (DIPTERA) TÜRLERİ ÜZERİNDE FAUNİSTİK ÇALIŞMALAR Azime UZAL Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Bitki Koruma Anabilim Dalı Danışman: Doç. Dr. Ozan DEMİRÖZER II. Danışman: Yrd. Doç. Dr. Gamze PEKBEY Bu çalışma Isparta ili Calliphoridae (Diptera) faunasını belirlemek amacıyla 2014- 2015 yıllarında yürütülmüştür. Örnekler Isparta Merkez, Aksu, Atabey, Eğirdir, Gelendost, Gönen, Keçiborlu, Senirkent, Sütçüler, Şarkikaraağaç, Uluborlu, Yalvaç ve Yenişarbademli’den toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın materyali özellikle leş ve çürümekte olan organik materyallerden, atık ve çöplüklerin bulunduğu yerlerden, atık su birikintilerinin çevresinden, çiçekli bitkilerin bulunduğu alanlardan atrap yardımıyla toplanmıştır. Soğuk zincirle laboratuvar ortamına getirilen ergin bireyler teşhise hazır hale getirilmiş ve ilgili literatür ışığında teşhişleri konunun uzmanı araştırmacılar tarafından yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Calliphorinae’ye ait 4 tür, Chrysominae’ye ait 1 tür, Lucilliinae’ye ait 4 tür, Melanomyinae’ye ait 1 tür, Polleniinae’ye ait 4 tür, Rhiniinae’ye ait 1 tür olmak üzere toplam 15 tür belirlenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda belirlenen tüm türlerin Isparta böcek faunası için ve Bellardia tatrica (Enderlein, 1933), Calliphora subalpina (Ringdahl, 1931), Lucilia silvarum (Meigen, 1826), Melinda gentilis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) ve Pollenia griseotomentosa (Jacentkovsky, 1944) türlerinin ise Türkiye faunası için yeni kayıt oldukları belirlenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Diptera, Calliphoridae, Fauna, Isparta 2018, 35 sayfa ii ABSTRACT M.Sc. Thesis FAUNISTIC STUDIES ON CALLIPHORIDAE (DIPTERA) SPECIES OF ISPARTA PROVINCE (TURKEY) Azime UZAL Süleyman Demirel University Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Department of Plant Protection Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ozan DEMİRÖZER Co-Supervisor: Asst. Prof. Dr. Gamze PEKBEY This study was carried out between the years of 2014 and 2015 to determinate Calliphoridae fauna of Isparta province(TURKEY). Samples were collected of Isparta Merkez, Aksu, Atabey, Eğirdir, Gelendost, Gönen, Keçiborlu, Senirkent, Sütçüler, Şarkikaraağaç, Uluborlu, Yalvaç and Yenişarbademli territories.The adult specimens were obtained from the areas of organic and decayed organic matters, waste and dumpsite, surrounding of waste water deposits and flowering plants.And they have been brought to the laboratory with cold chain to ready for diagnosis. The diagnosis were made by the experts of this subjact with the light of the related literature. At the result of the research, it was determinated total 15 species belonging to Calliphorinae (4 species), Chrysominae (1 species), Lucilliinae (4 species), Melanomyinae (1 species), Polleniinae (4 species) and Rhiniinae (1 species). All the species were identified new records for the Isparta province, Bellardia tatrica (Enderlein, 1933), Calliphora subalpina (Ringdahl, 1931), Lucilia silvarium (Meigen, 1826), Melinda gentilis (Robineau- Desvoidy, 1830) and Pollenia griseotomentosa (Jacentkovsky, 1944) were determinated as new record for Turkish Calliphoridae fauna. Keywords: Diptera, Calliphoridae, Fauna, Isparta 2018, 35 pages iii TEŞEKKÜR Çalışmanın başlangıcından bitimine kadar her aşamasında kolaylık sağlayan danışman hocam Sayın Doç. Dr. Ozan DEMİRÖZER’e teşekkür ederim. Tez çalışmasında örneklerin teşhislerinin yapılmasından tezin yazımına kadar her türlü konuda yardımcı olan II. danışman hocam Sayın Yrd. Doç. Dr. Gamze PEKBEY'e (Bozok Üniversitesi) yardımlarından ve ilgisinden dolayı çok teşekkür ederim. Türlere ait fotoğrafların çekiminde, kullanılan alet ve ekipman konusunda destek olan Araştırma Görevlisi Asiye UZUN'a yardımlarından dolayı teşekkür ederim. Tezim sırasında manevi desteğini esirgemeyen ve her zaman yanımda olan aileme sonsuz teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Azime UZAL ISPARTA, 2018 iv ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ Sayfa Şekil 4.1. Bellardia tatrica (Enderlein, 1933) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm.....................................................................................................13 Şekil 4.2. Calliphora subalpina (Ringdahl, 1931) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm ..................................................................................................... 14 Şekil 4.3. Calliphora vicina (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm ............................................................................................... 15 Şekil 4.4. Calliphora vomitoria (Linnaeus, 1758) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm ..................................................................................................... 16 Şekil 4.5. Chrysomya albiceps (Wiedemann, 1819) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm. .................................................................................................... 17 Şekil 4.6. Lucilia caesar (Linnaeus, 1758) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm..18 Şekil 4.7. Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann, 1830) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm ..................................................................................................... 19 Şekil 4.8. Lucilia sericata (Meigen, 1826) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm..21 Şekil 4.9. Lucilia silvarum (Meigen, 1826) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm.22 Şekil 4.10. Melinda gentilis (Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm ............................................................................................. 23 Şekil 4.11. Pollenia amentaria (Scopoli, 1763) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm .................................................................................................. 24 Şekil 4.12. Pollenia griseotomentosa (Jacentkovsky, 1944) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm .................................................................................. 24 Şekil 4.13. Pollenia pediculata (Macquart, 1834) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm .................................................................................................. 25 Şekil 4.14. Pollenia rudis (Fabricius, 1794) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm …………..................................................................................................26 Şekil 4.15. Rhyncomya cyanescens (Loew, 1844) ergini dorsal (a) ve lateral (b) görünüm...................................................................................................27 v SİMGELER VE KISALTMALAR DİZİNİ EMIT Entomological Museum of Isparta Turkey (Isparta Entomoloji Müzesi) Mah. Mahalle Sc Subcosta vi 1. GİRİŞ Dünya üzerinde tanımlanmış 188 familyası olan Diptera’nın, 10.000 kadar cinsi, 150.000’den fazla türü bulunmakta ve bu dünya böcek faunasının yaklaşık olarak %14’üne karşılık gelmektedir (Scudder ve Cannings, 2006). Calliphoridae, Diptera takımının Brachycera alt takımında yer almaktadır (Borror vd., 1981). Kriminal entomolojide en önemli grup olan bu familyaya Türkçe de “yapışkan
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