MONOGRAPH

OF THE GENUS AMPULLARIA.

”He looks abroad into the varied field Of Nature, and though poor perhaps, compared With those whose mansions glitter in his sight, Calls the delightful scenery all his own,- His own mountains, and the valleys his, And the resplendent rivers.”-Cowper AMPULLARIA. Plate I.

Genus AMPULLARIA, Lamarck. to the Nile. On placing some of his Ampullarie in a basin Testa globosa vel ovata, plus minus umbilicala, raro of water, M. Caillaud unexpectedly found many of his imper forata, epidermide crassinsculâ olivaceâ specimens come to life, and M. D’Orbigny discovered iuduta, spiræ auturâ modo simplici, modo the existence of a distinct pulmonary apparatus. canaliculatâ, anfractibus “plus minus ventricosis, lavigatis; aperturâ. Subamplâ labor simplici.” So many new species of Ampullaria have been Operculum nunc corneum nunc calcareum, collected by recent travellers in comparatively few apèrturam claudens. localities, that it is more than probable the genus abounds Shell globose or ovate, more or less umbilicated, to a much larger extent than we have at present any idea 1 of. It dose not hovever, exist in the great rivers of North 2 rarely imperforated, covered with a rather thick olive epidermis, suture of the spire sometimes simple, America or of North-temperate Europe, and is peculiar sometimes channeled, whorls more or less ventricose, to warm and tropical latitudes. smooth; aperture rather large; lip simple. Operculum sometimes horny, sometimes calcareous, closing the aperture. Species 1. (Mus.Cuming.) The sombre hue and obvious similarity of form, AMPULLARIA CUPRINA. Amp. testâ sunquadrato- destitute of any indication of sculpture, of the shells of globosâ tenuiculâ, profundè angulato-umbilicatâ, Ampullaria, have led to this genus being very much spirâ obtusè exsertâ, anfractibus supernè latè neglected by the collector; and their unattractive range planatis, ad angulum rotundatis, deinde plano- of habitation, in swampy marshes, ponds, and rivers, convexia; lutescente, rufofusco tinetâ et fasciatâ; has not been very inviting to the traveler. A few ardent aperturâ ocatâ, labor simplici. naturalists, including among the foremost M. D’Orbigny THE COPPER AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat and Mr. Bridges on the banks of the great rivers of Bo- squarely globose, rather thin, deeply angularly livia, Dr. Spix in Brazil, M. Caillaud in Africa, Mr. Yates umbilicated, spire obtusely exserted, whorls and Mr. Wallace at the rivers Marañon and Amazon, broadly flattened round the upper part, rounded MM. Sallé and Ghiesbrecht in mexico, Mr. Dyson in at the angle, then flatly convex; yellowish, stained Honduras, Mr. Benson in India, and Mr. Layard and Mr. and banded with red-brown; aperture ovate, lip Templeman in Ceylon, have directed their energies since simple. Lamarck’s time to Ampullaria-hunting; and the result Hab. —? is the following ample series of a hundred and thirty A light, somewhat inflated spices, with the whorls species, nearly two-thirds of which are new to science, broadly rotundately angled round the upper part. and which scarcely a dozen were known to the author of the ‘Histoire des Animaux sans Vertébres.’ A monograph of the genus was published by Dr. Philippi in 1851, in M. Kuster’s edition of the ‘Conchylien Species 2. (Mus.Cuming.) Cabinet’ of Chemnitz, but it is founded on very imperfect AMPULLARIA SPIXII. Amp. Testâ globoso-turbinatâ, materials. subambliter umbilicatâ, spirâ subobtusâ, The species of Ampullaria are exceedingly well- anfractibus rotundatis, lænibus, subangustis, defined, though bearing great general resemblance, and, supernè declivibus; lutescente, fasciis intense what is not unusual with mollusks affecting such castaneis cingulatâ; aperturâ circulari-ocatâ, habitats, many of them are stained at the aperture with labor simplici. brilliant color. The animal, as is now sufficiently well SPIX’s AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely turbinated, 3 known, is of an amphibious nature, possessing a double rather largely umbilicated, spire narrow, slanting system of respiration, which adapts it to breathe either round the upper part; yellowish, encircled with air or water, according to the requirements of the place dark chestnut bands; aperture circular-ovate, lip of its habitation, which may be at one time flooded and simple. at another dry. This peculiarity, observed originally by D’ORBIGNY, Voy. dans l’Amér. Mérid. p. 376. pl. 52. Mr. Guilding at the Caribbee Islanda, was noticed first f 7, 8. 4 5 in detail by M. Caillaud on his return from his expedition Hab. River Parama, South America

December, 1836 AMPULLARIA.-Plate I.

A fine turbinated species, of Cyclostoma-like growth, THE CORNUCOPIA AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong- conspicuously banded and lineated with dark chestnut ovate, obliquely produced, narrowly upon a yellowish ground. umbilicated, spire short, rather acuminated, whorls rounded, smooth, shining, slanting round the upper part; livid-brown, encircled with Species 3. (Mus.Cuming.) narrow red bands and lines; aperture ovate, rat- AMPULLATIA GIGAS. Amp. testâ ventricoso- her large, effused. globosâ, maximâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ Hab. Columbia brepissinâ, immersâ, suturâ angustè profundè Of light substance, elegantly obliquely convoluted, canaliculatâ, anfractibus convexis; virescente- with the aperture boldly effused. olivaceâ, fasciis angustis pallidè olivaceis cingulatâ; aperturâ oblongo-ovatâ, fauce aurantio-lutescente, cærulescente fasciatâ, labro simplici, intus nigro-maculato. Species 5. (Mus. Cuming.) THE GIANT AMPULLARIA. Shell ventricosely globose, very large, narrowly umbilicated, spire AMPULLARIA CRASSA. Amp. Testâ subquandrato- very short, immersed, suture narrowly deeply globosâ, crassâ, imperforatâ, spirâ brevinsculâ, channeled whorls convex; greenish-olive, abtusâ, anfractibus convexis, læcibus, supernè encircled with narrow raint olive bands; aperture declivibus; sordidè lutescente, fasciis lineisque oblong-ovate, interior orange yellow, blue- castaneis subdistantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ banded, lip simple, black spotted within. ovatâ, labor columellari calloso, apresso, albo. SPIX, Testacea Fluviatilia Brasiliensia, p. l. pl. l. f. l. THE THICK AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat squarely Hab. Solomon’s River, Brazil. globose, thick, imperforated, spire rather short, This truly fine species is quite remarkable for its bold obtuse, whorls convex, smooth, slanting round the ventricose growth and immersed channeled spire. upper part; dull yellowish, encircled with rather distant chestnut bands and lines; aperture ovate, columellar lip callous, appressed, white. SWAINSON, Zool. Illus. (first Series), Vol. iii. Pl. 101. Species 4. (Mus. Cuming.) Helix crassa, Spix. AMPILARIA CORNUCOPIA. Amp. testâ oblongo- Ampullaria Olivieri, Deshayes. ovatâ, obliquè productâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ Helicina-exumbilicata, Spix. breci, subacuminatâ, anfractibus rotundatis, Ampullaria Brownii, Jay. lævibus, nitentibus, supernè declivibus; livido- Hab. Brazil fuscescente, lineis fasciisque rufis angustis Chiefly distinguished by its white, callous columellar cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, subamplâ, effusâ. lip, which is appressed over the place of the umbilicus. AMPULLARIA. Plate II.

Species 6. (Mus. Cuming.) labro intensè ustulato-rufo. AMPULLARIA FIGULINA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, THE NOBLE AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat tenuiculâ, spirâ brevi, anfractibus convexis, ad pyriformly globose, spire rather depressed, whorls suturam subdepressis, lævibus; umbilico amplo; ventricose round the upper part, smooth; aperturâ ovatâ; pallidè olivaceo-cinereâ, lineis umbilicus rather deep; aperture pyrifomly ovate, fasciisque rufis cingulatâ. very large; dark olive, externally horny, obscurely THE CLAY AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, rather thin, black-banded, lip deep burnt red. spire short, whorls convex, rather depressed at the Hab. River Maranon; Mr. Yates. suture, smooth; umbilicus large; aperture ovate; This fine species, of a pyriformly globose shape, with pale olive-ash, encircled with red lines and bands. a dark olive horny exterior, is painted within the lip with SPIX, Test. Fluv. Brasil. pl. 4. f. 4. a peculiar deep toned burnt red. 6 Ampullaria lineata, var., Spix. 7 Hab. Brazil. Spix appears to have figured this species under the Species 9. (Mus. Cuming.) above name, and to have regarded it afterwards as a AMPULLARIA PALUDINOIDES. Amp. testâ globosâ, variety of his A. lineata. It is well distinguished by its spirâ mediocri, anfractibus rotundatis, ad suturam light texture, largely umbilicated growth, and red- subdepressis, lævibus; umbilico suboblecto; banded colouring upon a pale olive-ash ground. sordidè olivaceâ, labro flavicante. THE PALUDINA-LIKE AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, spire middling, whorls rounded, a little Species 7. (Mus. Cuming.) depressed at the suture, smooth; umbilicus nearly AMPULLARIA RUFILINEATA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, covered; dull olive, lip yellowish. spirâ subprominulâ, anfractibus supernè CHRISTOFORI and JAN, Mus. Berolin. Philippi in subdepressis, deinde convexis, laevibus; umbilico Küster, Conch. Cab. Amp. p. 27.pl. 7. f. 4. obtecto; aperturâ ovatâ, labro columellari reflexo; Hab. —-? albâ, fulvo-spadiceâ, lineis rufis variè cingula– Distinguished by its plump, rounded form and dark tâ. olive colour, the lip being coloured in a characteristic THE RED-LINED AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, spire manner, with pale yellow. rather prominent, whorls rather depressed at the upper part, then convex, smooth; umbilicus covered; aperture ovate, columellar lip reflected; Species 10. (Mus. Cuming.) white, fulvous-fawn, variously encircled with red AMPULLARIA CONICA. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, lines. spirâ subprominulâ, anfractibus convexis, Hab. —-? laevibus, nitentibus; umbilico obtecto; aperturâ Conspicuously encircled with red lines upon a ovatâ, labro vix reflexo; fulvo-olivaceâ, labro 8 fulvous-fawn ground, as in the preceding species, but albicante. distinguished by the absence of a visible umbilicus and THE CONICAL AMPULLARIA. shell subglobose, by the more prominent convolution of the spire. spire rather prominent, whorls convex, smooth, shining; umbilicus covered; aperture ovate, lip scarcely reflected; fulvous olive, lip withish. Species 8. (Mus. Cuming.) WOOD, AMPULLARIA NOBILIS . Amp. testâ subpyriformi- Hab. —-? globosâ, spirâ depressiusculâ, anfractibus supernè The spire has a more prominently convoluted aspect ventricosis, lævibus; umbilico subprofundo; than in the preceding species, from the last whorl rat- aperturâ pryiformi-ovatâ, peramplâ; intensè her more than usually descending next the aperture. In 9 10 olivaceâ, extus corneâ, obscurè nigro fasciatâ, colour the shell is of a lighter fulvous olive.

June, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate III.

Species 11. (Mus. Cuming.) interior purple-brown, livid. AMPULLARIA ADUSTA. Amp. testâ globoso- SOWERBY, Tankerville Catalogue, App. p. 10. turbinatâ, spirâ mediocri, suturâ canaliculatâ, Ampullaria Neritoides, D’Orbigny. anfractibus rotundatis, lævigatis; umbilico Hab. Mouth of the Rio Uruguay; D’Orbigny. subamplo; aperturâ ovata; lutescente-viridi, Distinguished from all other species of the genus by fasciis saturatè olivaceis undique cingulatâ. its remarkably expansive Natica-shaped growth and livid THE ADUST AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely purple-brown interior. turbinated, spire middling, suture channeled, whorls rounded, smooth; umbilicus rather large; aperture ovate; yellowish-green, encircled Species 14. (Mus. Cuming.) throughout with dark olive bands. AMPULLARIA SORDIDA. Amp. testâ globoso- Hab. ——? turbinatâ, spirâ subprominulâ, suturâ 11 12 A rich dark-banded species, with channeled suture, canaliculatâ, anfractibus rotundatis, supernè of globose form, probably from Borneo. impressis, lævigatis; umbilico profundo; aperturâ ovatâ, labro vix reflexo; rufo-olivaceâ, labro castaneo. Species 12. (Mus. Cuming.) THE DULL AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely AMPULLARIA PILULA. Amp. testâ globosâ, spirâ turbinated, spire rather prominent, suture brevi, subimmersâ, anfractibus convexis, tumidis, channeled, whorls rounded, impressed at the upper supernè depressè rotundatis, lævigatis; umbilico part, smooth; umbilicus deep; aperture ovate, lip parvinsculo; aperturâ ovatâ; lutescente-viridi, scarcely reflected; reddish-olive, lip chestnut. olivaceo fasciatâ et nubeculatâ. SWAINSON, Zoological illustrations, vol. iii. pl. 143. THE BALL AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, spire short, Hab. Rio de la Plata. rather immersed whorls convex, swollen, Of regular rotundately turbinated growth, smooth, and depressly rounded at the upper part, smooth; chestnut-rust-coloured. umbilicus rather small; aperture ovate; yellowish- green, banded and clouded with olive. Hab. Borneo. Species 15. (Mus. Cuming.) Of the same typical character as the preceeding spe- AMPULLARIA HONDURASENSIS. Amp. testâ ovatâ, cies, rounder, with the spire shorter and slightly ventricosâ, spirâ breviusculâ, acutâ, anfractibus immersed. superné plano-declivibus, deinde convexis, basin versus subattenuatis, corrugato-striatis; umbilico angusto; aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, labro Species 13. (Mus. Cuming.) subexpanso; cinereo-olivaceâ, nitente, fasciis AMPULLARIA MEGASTOMA. Amp. Testâ, globoso- linearibus obscurè pictâ. 13 ventricosâ, Naticæformi, spirâ plano-immersâ, THE HONDURAS AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, anfractibus convexis, tumidis, spiraliter obscurè ventricose, spire rather short, sharp, whorls flatly funiculatis, rugosis; umbilico obtecto; aperturâ slanting round the upper part, then convex, rather peramplâ, lunato-ovatâ; intensè fasco-olivaceâ, attenuated towards the base, wrinkle-striated; intus purpureo-fuscâ, lividâ. umbilicus narrow; aperture pyriformly ovate, lip THE LARGE-MOUTHED AMPULLARIA. Shell rather expanded; ash-olive, shining, obscurely globosely ventricose, Natica-shaped, spire flatly painted with linear bands. immersed, whorls convex, swollen, spirally Hab. Honduras; Dyson. obscurely corded, rugose; umbilicus covered over; A neatly convoluted species of a peculiar shining livid aperture very large, lunar-ovate; dark brown-olive, ash-olive colour, obscurely painted with linear bands.

14 15 June, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate IV. Species 16. (Mus. Cuming.) turbinated rather solid, spire short, generally more or AMPULLARIA AUTUMNALIS. Amp. testâ turbinatâ, less eroded, whorls compressly rounded, a little spirâ subprominulâ, anfractibus rotundalis, ad depressed at the suture, irregularly wrinkle-ridged and suturam depressiusculis, obscurè spiraliter rugosely reticulated; umbilicus large and deep; apert- funiculatis, funiculis irregularibus, interstitiis ure pyriform, columellar lip reflected; yellowish- malleatis et striatis,; umbilico subamplo; apertura white, covered with a thick horny olive epidermis. rotundato-ovatâ, labor subexpanso; olivaceâ, Nerita urceus, Müller, Hist. Verm. P. 174. castaneo-rufo tinctâ. Ampullaria urceus, Deshayes. THE AUTUMNAL AMPULLARIA. Shell turbinated, spire Ampullaria rugosa, Lamarck. rather prominent, whorls rounded, rather depressed An eadem. Ampullaria dolium, Philippi. at the suture, obscurely spirally corded, cords An testa junior. Ampullaria leucostoma, Swainson. irregular, with the interstices malleated and striated; Hab. Trinidad; Cutter. umbilicus rather large; aperture rotundately ovate, lip This well-known species is at once recognized by its rather expanded; olive, stained with chestnut-red. compressly rounded form and stout wrinkle-ridged horny Hab. —? epidermis, mostly at the apex. The whorls of this species are somewhat more than 16 17 usually rounded, while they are concentrically sculptured with obscure cords, irregular and wrinkle-like in parts, with Species 19. (Mus. Cuming.) the interstices malleated and striated. The outer surface is AMPULLARIA PUNCTICULATA. Amp. testâ partially covered on the olive ground with a deciduous subpyriformi-ovatâ, ventricosâ, spirâ mediocri, chestnut-red coating. anfractibus supernè tumidis, versus basin attenuatis, lævigatis, sub lente punctulatis; umbilico angusto; aperturâ oblongo-ovatâ, labro columellari reflexo; Species 17. (Mus. Cuming.) olivaceo-virescente, fasciis angustis viridibus obscurè AMPULLARIA VENETUS. Amp. testâ globosâ, pictâ, labor aurantio-rufo. subventricosâ, spirâ breviusculâ, acutâ, anfractibus THE PUNCTURED AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat supernè declivibus, deinde convexis, undique pyriformly ovate, ventricose, spire middling, whorls malleatis et minutè crenulato-striatis; umbilico swollen round the upper part, attenuated towards the mediocri; aperturâ lunato-pyriformi, parviusculâ, base, smooth, finely punctured beneath the lens; labor expanso; luteo-virescente, versus apicem umbilicus narrow; aperture oblong-ovate, columellar pallidiore, labor lutescente. lip reflected; olive-green, obscurely painted with THE SEA-GREEN AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, narrow green bands, lip orange-red. subventricose, spire rather short, sharp, whorls SWAINSON, Zoological Illustrations, vol. iii. P. 143. slanting round the upper part, then convex, Hab. —? everywhere malleated and minutely crenulately Of a very characteristic pear-like ovate form, with a striated; umbilicus middling; aperture lunar- warm orange-red lip. pyriform, rather small, lip expanded; yellowish- green, paler towards the apex, lip yellowish. Species 20. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) Hab. —? 18 AMPULLARIA VEXILLUM. Amp. testâ ovatâ, tenuiculâ, A pale sea-green species, with the surface rather largely ventricosâ, anfractibus convexis, supernè malleated throughout and minutely crenulately striated, subplanulatis, lævigatis, sub lente punctulatis; the lip and columella being of a rather conspicuous pale umbilico angusto; aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, yellow tone. expansâ, labro columellari reflexo; olivaceo- virescente, fasciis saturatè viridibus cingulatâ, labor rufescente. Species 18. (Mus. Cuming.) THE FLAG AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, rather thin, AMPULLARIA URCEUS. Amp. testâ globoso-turbinatâ, ventricose, whorls convex, rather flattened at the solidiusculâ, spirâ brevi, plerumque plus minus upper part, smooth, finely punctured beneath the erosâ, anfractibus compressè rotundatis, ad suturam lens; umbilicus narrow; aperture pyriformly ovate, depressiusculis, irregulariter corrugato-liratis, et expanded, columellar lip reflected; olive-green, rugoso-reticulatis; umbilico amplo, profundo; encircled with dark green bands, lip tinged with red. aperturâ pyriformi, labio columellari reflexo; Hab. —? lutescente-albâ, epidermide crassâ carneâ olivaceâ 19 20 Very closely allied to the preceding species, but of a indutâ. less pear-shaped form, with the whorls more flattened THE PITCHER AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely round the upper part.

June, 1856. AMPULLARIA. PLATE V.

Species 21. (Mus. Cuming.) rather immersed, whorls impressly channelled at AMPULLARIA LIVESCENS. Amp. testâ globosâ, the suture, then convex; dull olive, striated and subventricosâ, spirâ brevi, anfractibus tumidè malleated, encircled with narrow faint green declivibus, deinde convexis, lævibus, nitentibus; bands; aperture pyriformly oblong, very large; umbilico profundo, subcontracto; aperturâ livid purple in the interior. pyriformi-ovatâ; livido-cinereâ, juxta suturam Hab. River Maranon, Brazil. fulvescente, fasciis olivaceo-viridibus cingulatâ. This fine species belongs to the same type as A. THE LIVID AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, somewhat insularum, D´Orbigny, from La Plata. Its chief points ventricose, spire short, whorls tumidly slanting of difference consist in being less distinctly umbilicated, round the upper part, then convex, smooth, and in having a much larger and more expanded apert- shining; umbilicus deep, rather contracted; apert- ure. ure pryiformly ovate; livid ash, fulvous next the suture, encircled with narrow olive-green bands. Hab. —? Species 24. (Mus. Cuming.) 21 22 A rather tumid species, with the whorls full and AMPULLARIA MELANOCHEILA. Amp. testâ slanting round the upper part, of a fulvous livid colour, globoso-turbinatâ, spirâ mediocri, anfractibus encircled with a narrow greenish bands. In substance supernè planatis, deinde convexis; umbilico rather thin, with a smooth shining surface. amplo, profundo; aperturâ ovatâ; olivaceo- virescente, fasciis angustis pallidè rufescente- fuscis cingulatâ, labro nigro. Species 22. (Mus. Cuming.) THE BLACK-LIPPED AMPULLARIA. Shell AMPULLARIA LATTREI. Amp. testâ globosâ, globosely turbinated, spire middling, whorls solidiusculâ, spirâ breviusculâ, anfractibus flattened round the upper part, then convex; rotundatis, lævibus; umbilico profundo, umbilicus large, deep; aperture ovate, olive-green, subcontracto; sordidè fulvâ, fasciis pallidè encircled with narrow faint reddish-brown bands, olivaceo-viridibus cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, lip black. labro subreflexo. Hab. —? LATTRE´S AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rather solid, A very characteristic species, rather depressly spire rather short, whorls rounded, smooth; flattened next the suture, with the lip conspicuously umbilicus deep, rather contracted; dull fulvous, black-stained with in the aperture. encircled with pale olive green bands; aperture ovate, lip slightly reflected. Species 25. (Mus. Cuming.) Hab. Coban, Guatemala; Lattre. AMPULLARIA COLUMBIENSIS. Amp. testâ globosâ, Of a less tumid form than the preceding species, and tenuiculâ, ventricosâ, spirâ subplanulatâ, 23 of thicker substance, not shining exteriorly. anfractibus convexis, lævibus, nitentibus; umbilico parvo, contracto; aperturâ ovatâ, subamplâ; fulvescente-cinereâ, fasciis pallidè Species 23. (Mus. Cuming.) olivaceo-viridibus cingulatâ. AMPULLARIA HAUSTRUM. Amp. testâ compressè THE COLUMBIA AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rat- ovatâ, ventricosissimâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ her think, ventricose, spire rather flat, whorls parvâ, subimmersâ, anfractibus ad suturam convex, smooth, shining; umbilicus small, impressè canaliculatis, deinde convexis; sordidè contracted; aperture ovate, rather large; fulvous olivaceâ, striatâ et malleatâ, fasciis angustis ash, encircled with faint olive- green bands. pallidè virescentibus cingulatâ; aperturâ SOWERBY, MS. Mus. Cuming. pyrifomi-oblongâ, peramplâ; fauce livida- Hab. Chiriqui, Veragua. 24 25 purpureâ. Of light globose structure, with only a small THE SCOOP AMPULLARIA. Shell compressly ovate, umbilicus, fulvous in tone of colour, encircled with faint very ventricose, scarcely umbilicated, spire small, olive-green bands.

August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate VI.

Species 26. (Mus. Cuming.) nigris inæquidistantibus cingulatâ, labor intus AMPULLARIA LUZONICA. Amp. testâ globosâ, rufo-aurantio tincto. tumidiusculâ, tenui, anfractibus supernè plano- YATES’S AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, spire short, impressis, deinde rotundatis, lævibus, but little exserted, whorls rather impressed round longitudinaliter, obsoletè, deinde rotundatis, the upper part, then flatly convex, longitudinally lævibus, longitudinaliter, obsoletè sulcatis; irregularly striated; umbilicus rather narrow, deep; umbilico parvo; aperturâ ovatâ, subamplâ; aperture pyriformly ovate, very large, lip reflected; fulvescente-olivaceâ, obscurè fasciatâ. fulvous-chestnut, encircled at unequal distances THE LUZON AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rather with black lines, lip tinged within with reddish- swollen, thin, whorls flatly impressed, round the orange. upper part, then rounded, smooth, longitudinally Hab. River Maranon; Yates. obsoletely grooved; umbilicus small; aperture This interesting species is of a peculiar fulvous- ovate, rather large; fulvous-olive, obscurely chestnut colour, encircled at unequal distances with banded. black lines. The aperture is unusually large, tinged next 26 27 Hab. Calanang, Island of Luzon, Philippines; Cuming. the lip with a warm reddish-orange. A light globosely turbinated shell, rather impressed next the suture, obscurely longitudinally grooved on the penultimate whorl. Fig. 29. (Mus. Cuming.) The specimen here figured is the Ceylon form of A. Species 27. (Mus. Cuming.) Luzonica, represented above it at fig. 26, from the Philippine Islands. It is rather more flatly impressed AMPULLARIA LAYARDI. Amp. testâ subcompressè round the upper part of the whorls. globosâ, anfractibus supernè angustè plano- impressis, deinde rotundatis, lævibus, nitentibus; umbilico parvo, contracto; aperturâ ovatâ; albidâ, epidermide cornea olivaceâ indutâ. LAYARD’S AMPULLARIA. Shell rather compressly Species 30. (Mus. Cuming.) globose, whorls narrowly flatly impressed round AMPULLARIA PORPHYROSTOMA. Amp. testâ the upper part, then rounded, smooth, shining; oblongo-globosâ, spirâ subprominulâ, anfractibus umbilicus small, contracted; aperture ovate; supernè declivibus, deinde convexis, lævibus, whitish, covered with an olive horny epidermis. nitentibus umbilico subangusto, profundo; Hab. Colombo, Ceylon; Layard, Templeman. aperturâ ovatâ, subeffusâ; cinereo-olivaceâ, ob- Of a more compressly globose form than the scurè multifasciatâ, aperturâ nigri-cante. preceding species, with a conspicuous horny epidermis. 28 THE PURPLE-MOUTH AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong- globose, spire rather prominent, whorls slanting round the upper part, then convex, smooth, Species 28. (Mus. Cuming.) shining; umbilicus rather narrow, deep; aperture AMPULLARIA YATESII. Amp. testâ globosâ, spirâ ovate, rather effused; ash-olive, faintly many- brevi, parum exsertâ, anfractibus supernè banded, aperture rather blackish. subimpressis, deinde plano-convexis, Hab. —? longitudinaliter irregulariter striatis; umbilico Of a rather oblong turbinated form, and shining ash- subangusto, profundo; aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, olive hue, the whorls being gently slanted next the peramplâ, labor reflexo; fulvo-castaneâ, lineis suture.

29 30

August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate VII.

Species 31. (Mus. Cuming.) deeply umbilicated, spire rather short, somewhat AMPULLARIA FLATILIS. Amp. testâ vix umbilicatâ, immersed, whorls channelled at the suture, then globosâ, tumidâ, spirâ breviusculâ, anfractibus convex; glaucous, banded with lines, covered with convexis; lævibus, longitudinaliter striato- an olive horny epidermis; aperture pyrifomly scalptis; virescente-olivaceâ, angustè fasciatâ; oblong, very large, lip deep vermilion within. aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, labro columellari PHILIPPI, Zeitschrift für Malac. 1849, p. 18. Küster, subreflexo, flavescente. Conch. Cab. Amp. p. 40. pl. 11. f. 2. THE BLOWN AMPULLARIA. Shell scarcely Hab. Zanzibar. umbilicated, globose, tumid, spire rather short, A fine glaucous species, covered with a rather thin whorls convex, smooth, longitudinally striately olive-horny epidermis, deep vermilion-stained within scratched; greenish-olive, narrowly banded; apert- the lip, convoluted nearly on a vertical plane. ure pyriformly ovate, columellar lip slightly 31 reflected, yellowish. 32 Hab. Tabasco, Mexico. Species 34. (Mus. Cuming.) Allied to A. livescens, but obviously distinct in form, AMPULLARIA HEMASTOMA. Amp. testâ globosâ, more rounded, with the spire less exserted, and more solidiusculâ, subprofundè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, contracted at the umbilicus. obtusâ, anfractibus supernè planulatis, deinde convexis, undique peculiariter corrugato- malleatis; lividè olivacea-nigrâ; aperturâ lunato- Species 32. (Mus. Cuming.) oblongâ, labro intus intenè sanguineo. AMPULLARIA MALLEATA. Amp. testâ globosâ, THE BLOOD-MOUTHED AMPULLARIA. Shell tumidâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ subacuminatâ, globose, rahter solid, rather deeply umbilicated, anfractibus convexis, undique conspicuè spire short, obtuse, whorls rather flat at the upper malleatis; livido-olivaceâ; aperturâ pyriformi- part, then convex, everywhere peculiarly wrinkle- ovatâ, labro subeffuso, intus flavescente. malleated; livid olive-black; aperture lunar- THE HAMMERED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, oblong, lip deep blood-red within. tumid, scarcely umbilicated, spire rather Hab. Peru. acuminated, whorls convex, everywhere Of an intense dark livid colour, almost black, with conspicuously malleated; livid olive; aperture the surface peculiarly wrinkle-malleated, and the lip pyriformly ovate, lip rather effused, yellowish stained within with deep blood-red. within. JONAS, Moll. Beitr. P. 22. pl. 10. f. 11. Ampullaria reflexa, var, Philippi. 33 Hab. Mexico. Species 35. (Mus. Cuming.) This species is clearly not a variety of A. reflexa. AMPULLARIA POLITA. Amp. testâ oblongo-globosâ, Althought the malleated surface predominates in a subglandiformi, subimperforatâ, spirâ vix manner to render it a distinguishing character, the shell acuminatâ, anfractibus convexis, peculiariter is distinguished otherwise by peculiarities of form. nitentibus, olivaceo-virente; aperturâ pyriformi, subangustâ. THE POLISHED AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong- Species 33. (Mus. Cuming.) globose somewhat acorn-shaped, almost AMPULLARIA SPECIOSA. Amp. testâ globosâ, imperforated, spire slightly acuminated, whorls profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, convex, peculiarly shining; olive-green; aperture subimmersâ, anfractibus ad suturam pyrifom, rahter narrow. canaliculatis, deinde convexis; glaucâ, lineato- DESHAYES, Encyclopédie Méthodique, Vers, vol. ii. fasciatâ, epidermide olivaceâ corneâ indutâ; p. 31. Eadem. Ampullaria virescens, Deshayes. Hab. Port Jackson, Australia. 34 aperturâ pyrifomi-oblongâ, peramplâ, labro intus 35 intensè miniato. Of an oblong-globose glandiform shape, with a THE HANDSOME AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, peculiar dark, shining, olive-green surface. August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate VIII.

Fig. 36. (Mus. Cuming.) lip tinged with orange-red within. The shell here figured proves to be a variety, of finer SPIX Test. Fluv. Brasiliensia, pl. 3. f. 1. growth, of A. pilula, represented at Pl. III Fig. 12. Hab.—? Allied to A. urceus, but less roughly wrinkled, and of a lighter olive-horn colour, tinged in the mouth with a Species 37. (Mus. Cuming.) warm orange-red. AMPULLARIA TURBINOIDES. Amp. testâ oblongo- turbinatâ, soliduscutâ, subimperforatâ, spirâ Species 39. (Mus. Cuming.) 37 exsertâ, anfractibus convexis, lævibus; olivaceo- 36 virente, obscurè fasciatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, AMPULLARIA LYMNÆÆFORMIS. Amp. testâ parviusculâ, labor columellari reflexo. compressè ovatâ, subtus excavatâ, subampliter THE TURBO-LIKE AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong- umbilicatâ, spirâ subimmersâ, anfractibus turbinated, rather solid, almost imperforated, spire supernè planulatis, deinde plano-convexis; exserted, whorls convex, smooth; olive-green, sordidè glaucâ, fasciis quatuor fuscis distantibus obscurely banded; aperture ovate, rather small, angustis cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, latè expansâ. columellar lip reflected. THE LYMNÆA-SHAPED AMPULLARIA. Shell Hab. Australia. compressly ovate, hollowed beneath, rather A dull smooth olive-green species, faintly banded, largely umbilicated, spire slightly immersed, of a Turbo-like growth. whorls flattened round the top, then flatly convex; dull glaucous, encircled with four distant narrow brown bands; aperture ovate, largely expanded. Species 38. (Mus. Cuming.) Hab. River Maranon. This fine species is distinguished by its elegantly AMPULLARIA OLIVACEA. Amp. testâ suboblongo- convoluted Lymnæa-like form, and largely expanded globosâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ mediocri, aperture. anfractibus ad suturam canaliculatis, deinde convexis, longitudinaliter corrugato-striatis; virente-olivaceâ; aperturâ lunato-oblongâ, subamplâ, labro intus aurantio-rufo. 38 THE OLIVE AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat oblong- Fig. 40. (Mus. Cuming.) globose, scarcely umbilicated, spire moderate, This shell, though differing so much in appearance whorls slightly channeled at the suture, then from A. Layardi, represented at Pl. VI. Fig. 27, is convex, longitudinally corrugately striated; identical with it, and illustrates an example of the same greenish-olive; aperture lunar-oblong, rather large, species with the surface malleated.

40 39

August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate IX.

Species 41. (Mus. Cuming.) channelled at the suture, then convex, everywhere AMPULLARIA FASCIATA. Amp. testâ ovato-globosâ, closely reticulately striated; olive-green, faintly tenui, inflatâ, umbilicatâ, spirâ parviusculâ, banded; aperture circular-ovate, lip entire, tinged subimmersâ, anfractibus ad suturam impressè with reddish-orange. canaliculatis, deinde rotundatis, malleatis, D’ ORBIGNY, Voy. dans l’Amér. Mérid. Moll. p. 374. nitentibus; livido-glaucâ, fasciis angustis pl 51. 1, 2. rufescente-glaucis cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, Hab. Isles of Parana; D´Orbigny. Rio Grande, Bolivia, subamplâ. Bridges. THE BANDED AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately globose, The shells represented at Fig. 42 and 43 illustrate two thin, inflated, umbilicated, spire rather small, different states of this species; one in which the surface 41 slightly immersed, whorls impressly channelled is finely indently striated, the other in which it is also at the suture, then rounded, malleated, shining; ridged and malleated. The suture is deeply impressed livid glaucous, encircled with narrow reddish- and the aperture nearly circular and armly tinged with glaucous bands; aperture ovate, rather large. orange. M. D´Orbigny describes having found speci- Hab. —? mens among the water-plants in the lakes and brook of A very characteristic elegantly convoluted specis, the Isles of Parana, La Plata, which he kept alive for a deeply impressed at the suture and conspicuously twelve-month afterwards without water. umbilicated, of light texture and pale glaucous colour, encircled with darker reddish-glaucous bands. We select this out of the many that have been described and figured by authors under the name of A. fasciata, trusting it may henceforth be regarded as the Species 44. (Mus. Cuming.) fixed type of that species. AMPULLARIA PAPYRACEA. Amp. testâ globoso- turbinatâ, tenuissimâ, impetforatâ, spirâ exsertâ, obsoletè spiraliter liratâ, anfractibus convexis, 42 43 Species 42. (Fig. 42 and 43, Mus. Cuming.) lævibus, nitentibus, undique intensè rufo-nigrâ; AMPULLARIA INSULARUM. Amp. testâ ovato- aperturâ pyrifomi-oblongâ, labro columellari te- globosâ, tenuiculâ, inflatâ, angustè, profundè nuè reflexo. umbilicatâ, spirâ brevissimâ, immersâ, THE PAPER AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely anfractibus ad suturam impressè canaliculatis, turbinated, very thin, imperforated, spire exserted, deinde convexis, undique densè reticulatostriatis; obsoletely spirally ridged, whorls convex, smooth, olivaceo-virente, pallidè fasciatâ; aperturâ shining, everywhere intense red-black; aperture circulari-ovatâ, labro integro, intus rufo-aurantio pyriformly oblong, columellar lip thinly reflected. tincto. SPIX, Test. Fluv. Brasiliensia, p.3. pl. 4. f. 1, 2. THE ISLAND AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately globose, Hab. Meobamba, Western Brazil. rather thin, inflated, narrowly deeply umbilicated, Chiefly distinguished by its peculiarly light horny spire very short, immersed, whorls impressly texture, and very dark shining ebony colour.

44

August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate X.

Species 45 (Mus. Cuming.) Ampullaria pachystoma, Benson. AMPULLARIA ORONOCENSIS. Amp. testâ globosâ, Hab. Calcutta (in the Botanic Gardens); Benson. ampliter perspectivè umbilicatâ, spirâ Peculiarly distinguished by its shining, olive, breviusculâ, anfractibus supernè impresso-planis, malleated, globular form and thickened peritreme. The deinde rotundatis; intensè olivaceo-virente, fasciis specimens being more or less smooth or wrinkled, with angustis nigris cingulatâ, aperturâ pyriformi- Fig. 46 and 47, represent the extreme states of the spe- ovatâ, labro intus intensè aurantio-sanguineo. cies, the spire more or less acuminated and the umbilicus THE ORONOCO AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, larger or smaller. largely perspectively umbilicated, spire rather short, whorls impressly flattened at the upper part, then rounded; dark olive-green, encircled with Species 48. (Mus. Cuming.) narrow black bands; aperture pyriformly ovate, AMPULLARIA AMPULLACEA. Amp testâ pyriformi- lip deep-orange, blood red within. globosâ, basin versus attenuatâ, angustè 45 ZIEGLER Mus. Cuming. compressè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, obtusâ, Hab. River Oronoco anfractibus supernè declivibus, deinde plano- Of very characteristic helicoids growth, forming a convexis, lævibus; castaneo-olivaceâ fasciis large perspective umbilicus, distinguished by its vivid angustis numerosis cingulatâ; aperturâ pyriformi- colouring. The outer surface of the shell is painted with oblongâ, amplâ, labro intus aurantio-rufo plus narrow black bands upon a rich olive-green ground, minus tincto. whilst the aperture is stained with blood-red passing into THE JUG AMPULLARIA. Shell pyriformly globose, orange. attenuated towards the base, narrowly compressly umbilicated, spire short, obtuse, whorls slanting round the upper part, then slightly convex, smooth; Species 46. (Fig. 46 and 47, Mus. Cuming.) chestnut-olive, encircled with numerous narrow AMPULLARIA GLOBOSA. Amp. testâ rotundato- bands; aperture pyriformly oblong, large, lip more globosâ, angustè profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, or less tinged within with orange-red. 46 47 obtuse, interdum subexsertâ, anfractibus Helix ampullacea, Linnæus, Syst. Nat. p. 1244. rotundatis, lævibus, nitentibus, plus minus Nerita ampullacea, Müller. malleatis; lutescente-olivaceâ,vix fasciatis; Ampullaria fasciata, Lamarck. aperturâ lunato-oblongâ, amplâ, labro incrassato, Bulineus ampullaceus, Bruguière. flavescente. Ampullaria ampullacea, Férussac. THE GLOBOSE AMPULLARIA. Shell rotundately Ampullaria magnifica, Dunker. globose, narrowly deeply umbilicated, spire short, Ampullaria Sumatrensis, Philippi. obtuse, sometimes a little exserted, whorls Ampullaria Celebensis, Quoy and Gaimard. rounded, smooth, shining, more or less malleated; Hab. Borneo. yellowish-olive, scarcely banded; aperture lunar This appears to be the old Linnean type of the genus oblong, large, lip thickened, yellowish. so far as it is possible to determine it. The shell is chiefly SWAINSON, Zool. Illus. First Series; Pl. 119. distinguished by a characteristic globosely pear-shaped Eadem var. Ampullaria corrugata, Swainson. form.

48

August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XI.

Species 49. (Mus. Cuming.) deeply umbilicated, spire turreted, whorls broadly AMPULLARIA DYSONI. Amp. testâ globosâ, flatly angled at the upper part, then convex, profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ acuminatâ, anfractibus smooth, faintly malleated; greenish-olive, supernè declivibus, deinde tumido-rotundatis, sometimes dusky olive-brown, encircled with conspicuè malleatis; livido-griseâ, ferrugineo numerous narrow bands, aperture ovately oblong, tinctâ; aperturâ pyrifomi-oblongâ, fauce livido- lip effused. purpureâ. Hab. Rio Grande, Bolivia; Bridges. DYSONS AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, deeply This fine species, collected in the interior of Bolivia umbilicated, spire acuminated, whorls slanting at by Mr. Bridges, is remarkably distinguished by the broad 49 the upper part, then tumidly rounded, spiral shelf which is formed by the angular structure of conspicuously malleated; livid grey, tinged with the upper part of the whorls next the suture. rust; aperture pyriformly oblong, livid purple within. HANLEY, Conch. Miscellany. No. 1 . Pl. 2. Fig. 7. Species 52. (Mus. Cuming.) Hab. Honduras, Dyson. AMPULLARIA IMMERSA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, tenui, This species scarcely differs from A. malleata, except ventricosâ, spirâ brevi, peculiariter immersâ, in being more umbilicated and more globosely anfractibus ad suturam profundè canaliculatis, acuminated towards the spire. deinde convexis lævibus; virescente-olivaceâ, ver- sus spiram pallidâ, fasciis angustis cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro subeffuso. Species 50. (Fig. 50 and 51, Mus. Cuming.) THE IMMERSED AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, thin, AMPULLARIA BRIDGESII. Amp. testâ oblongâ, tenui, ventricose, spire short, peculiarly immersed, subprofundè umbilicatâ, spirâ turritâ, anfractibus whorls deeply channelled at the suture, then supernè latè plano-angulatis, deinde convexis, convex, smooth greenish-olive, pale towards the 50 51 lævibus, submalleatis; virente-olivaceâ, interdum spire, encircled with narrow bands; aperture ovate, sordidè olivaceo-brunneâ, fasciis angustis lip rather effused. numerosis cingulatâ; aperturâ ovato-oblongâ, Hab. Rio Grande, Bolivia; Bridges. labro effuso. A light ventricose species, deeply channelled at the BRIDGES´S AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong, thin, rather suture, with the spire peculiarly rudely immersed.

August, 1856.

52 AMPULLARIA. Plate XII.

Species 53. (Mus. Cuming.) Species 55. (Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA ZONATA. Amp. testâ subquadrato- AMPULLARIA AMAZONICA. Amp. testâ oblongo- ovatâ, tenuiculâ, inflatâ, angustè profundè ovatâ, subangustè profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, acuminatâ, anfractibus exsertâ, anfractibus ad suturam impressis, deinde supernè latè rotundatis, ultimo basin versus convexis, longitudinaliter striatis; virescente- attenuato; luteo-olivaceâ, lineis rufis, olivaceâ, obscurè fasciatâ; aperturâ pyriformi- nigricantibus, et viridibus promiscuè cingulatâ; oblongâ, fauce aurantio tinctâ. operaturâ ovatâ, ampliter effusâ, fauce aurantio- THE AMAZON AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-ovate, luteâ. rahter narrowly deeply umbilicated, spire THE ZONED AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat exserted, whorls impressed at the suture, then squarely ovate, rather thin, inflated, narrowly convex, longitudinally striated; greenish-olive, deeply umbilicated, spire short, acuminated, obscurely banded; aperture pyriformly oblong, whorls broadly rounded at the upper part, the last interior tinged with orange. whorl attenuated towards the base; yellowish- Hab. River Amazon. 53 olive, promiscuously encircled with red, lbakc and Closely resembling Mr. Swainson’s drawing of A. green lines; aperture ovate, largely effused, reflexa, but of larger size and differently colourd in the interior orange-yellow. mouth. SPIX, Test. Fluv. Brasiliensia, p. 1. pl. 2. f. 1, 2. Hab. Columbia. The shell here figured, the only specimen we have been able to refer to A. zonata, corresponds with the Species 56. (Mus. Cuming.) variety figured by Dr. Spix with the name A. Archimedes. AMPULLARIA CASSIDIFORMI. Amp. testâ oblongâ, versus basin attenuatâ, subangustè profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, conoideâ, Species 54. (Mus. Cuming.) anfractibus supernè tumido-declivibus, deinde AMPULLARIA VERMIFORMIS. Amp. testâ globoso- plano-convexis; lutescente-viridi, nigricante ob- turbinatâ, subampliter umbilicatâ, spirâ mediocri, scurè fasciatâ; aperturâ pyriformi-oblongâ, fauce anfractibus ad suturam impressè canaliculatis, livido-purpureâ, labro columellari interdum 54 deinde rotundatis, subrudè striatis; lutescente- sanguineo tincto. olivaceâ, fasciis virescentibus angustis cingulatâ; THE CASSIS-SHAPED AMPULLARIA. Shell 55 aperturâ circulari-ovatâ, fauce aurantio tinctâ. oblong, attenuated towards the base, rather THE VERMIFORM AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely narrowly deeply umbilicated, spire rather short, turbinated, rather largely umbilicated, spire conoid, whorls tumidly slanting at the upper middling, whorls impressly channelled at the part, then flatly convex; yellowish-green, suture, then rounded, rather roughly striated; obscurely banded with blackish-brown; apert- yellowish-olive, encircled with narrow faint green ure pyriformly oblong, interior livid purple, bands; aperture circular-ovate, interior tinged with columellar lip sometimes tinged with blood- orange. red. Hab. Paraguay. Hab. Lake of Maracaibo, Venezuela. Distinguished from A. insularum, to which it is closely A fine species from Venezuela, distinguished by its allied, by its more spirally turbinated growth, larger oblong Cassis-like form. umilicus, and painting of narrow green bands.

56

August, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XIII.

Species 57. (Mus. Cuming.) acuminately exserted, whorls rounded, AMPULLARIA MAURA. Amp. Testâ globosâ, anguatè longitudinally wrinkle-striated; dark olive- umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, anfractibus ad chestnut; aperture ovate, rather large, lip deep suturas planulatis, deinde rotundatis, lævibus; blood-red within. saturatè olivaceâ; apeturâ ovatâ, labro intus Hab. Zanzibar; Mr. T. Thorn purpureo-nigro tincto. This fine dark species, with blood-red-stained mouth, THE MOOR AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, narrowly is perfectly distinct from any hitherto described. umbilicated, spire rather short, whorls a little flattened at the sutures, then rounded, smooth; dark olive; aperture ovate, lip stained within with Species 60. (Mus. Cuming.) purple-black. AMPUILARIA HOPETONESIS. Amp. Testâ Hab. —? subtrigono-globosâ, tumidiuculâ, mediocriter Of a particularly globose form, the lip being umbilicatâ anfractibus supernè impresso- 57 characteristically stained within with purple or chestnut declivibus, deinde convexis, lævibus; virescente 58 black. olivaceâ, versus spiram pallidiore, fasciis angustis saturatioribus cingulatâ aperturâ ovatâ, fauce nigricante-purpureâ. Species 58. (Mus. Cuming.) THE HOPETOWN AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat AMPULLARIA CARINATA. Amp. Testâ globosâ, triangularly globose, rather swollen, moderately crassâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ subobtusâ, umbilicated, whorls impressly slanting round the anfractibus supernè plano-angulatis, deinde upper part, then convex smooth; greenish-olive, convexis; lutescente-olivaceâ; aperturâ ovatâ, paler towards the spire, encircled with narrow labro incrassato, luteo tincto. darker bands; aperture ovate interior blackish- THE KEELED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, thick purple. narrowly umbilicated, spire rather obtuse, whorls LEA, Trans. Amer. Phil, Soc. Vol. v. pl. 19. f. 84. flatly angled at the upper part, then convex; Hab. Darien, Georgia. yellowish-olive; aperture ovate, lip thickened, A tumid globose shell, inclined somewhat angularly tinged with yellow. towards to base. SWAINSON (not of Lamarck), Zoological Illustrations. Hab. India. Species 61. (Mus. Coming.) A round shell of solid growth, with the whorls AMPULLARIA LUBRICA. Amp. Testâ globoso-ovatâ, abruptly angled round the upper part; so as to present a angustissimè umbilicatâ, spirâ subexsertâ, apice narrow shelf , not impressed as in the A. canaliculata, obtusâ, anfractibus convexis, longitudinaliter 59 which Lamarck further characterizes as having a pointed rugoso-striatis, nitentibus squasi lubricatis; apex. livido-olivaceâ, atro-tinctâ; aperturâ ovatâ, basi subeffusâ. THE GLAZED AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely ovate, Species 59. (Mus. Cuming.) very narrowly umbilicated, spire rather exserted, AMPULLARIA ERYTHROSTOMA. Amp. Testâ obtuse at this apex, whorls convex, longitudinally globoso-turbinatâ, profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ rugosely striated, shining as if glazed; livid olive acuminato-exertâ, anfractibus rotundatis, black smeared; aperture ovate, rather effused at longitadinaliter corrugato-striatis; intensè the base. olivaceo-castaneâ; aperturâ ovatâ, subamplâ, Hab. —? labro intus intensè sanguineo. Of a peculiar glazed livid black-smeared olive-colour, 60 61 THE RED-MOUTHED AMPULLARIA. Shell with a narrow scarcely perceptible umbilicus, the apert- globosely turbinated, deeply umbilicated, spire ure being a little effused at the base.

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XIV.

Species 62. (Mus Cuming.) exserted, whorls convex, wave-striated; greenish- AMPULLARIA COMPACTA. Amp. testâ subgloboso- olive; aperture ovate, columellar lip slightly ovatâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ breviuscilâ, recurved. anfractibus convexis, lævibus; fulvescente- OLIVIER, Voy. dans l’Empire Ottoman, l’Egypte et la olixaceâ, fasciis virescentibus cingulatâ; aperturâ Perse; vol. ii. p. 39. pl. 31. f. 1. oblongo-ovatâ, ad marginem marmoratâ. Hab. Egypt. THE COMPACT AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat Of a regularly tumid ovate form, characterized with globosely ovate, scarcely umbilicated, spire rat- longitudinally waved striæ. her short, whorls convex, smooth; fulvous-olive, encircled with greenish bands; aperture oblong- ovate, marbled at the edge. Species 65. (Fig a, b, Mus. Cuming.) Hab. Malacca. AMPULLARIA NUBILA. Amp. testâ conico-ovatâ, A smooth dark olive species, scarcely umbilicated, Turbiniformi, solidâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ 62 with rather a contracted aperture, the interior being acuminato-exsertâ, anfractibus rotundatis, purple-brown, with a thickened rim of opake blue-white lævibus, hic illic varicosis; lutescente, olivacea- near the edge. viridi interruptè fasciatâ et nebulatâ; aperaturâ parviusculâ, subcirculari, obliquè effusâ. THE CLOUDY AMPULLARIA. Shell conically ovate, 63a 63b Species 63. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) Turbo-shaped, solid, scarcely umbilicated, spire AMPULLARIA NOTABILIS. Amp. testâ subquadrato- acuminately exserted, whorls rounded, smooth, ovatâ, tenui, inflatâ, umbilicatâ, spirâ brevissimá, here and there varicose; yellowish, interruptedly anfractibus rotundato-productis, lævibus, banded and clouded with olive-green; aperture malleatis; fulvo-spadiceâ, fasciis angustis, rather small, nearly circular, obliquely effused. interruptis, subobsoletis cingulatâ; aperturâ Hab. River Salomoens; Mr Yates. amplâ, fauce conspicuè fasciatâ. A solid Turbo-like species, unusually acuminately THE REMARKABLE AMPULLARIA. Shell convoluted, clouded with olive-green upon a dull fulvus- somewhat squarely ovate, thin, inflated, yellow ground. umbilicated, spire very short, whorls rotundately produced round the upper part, smooth, malleated; 64 fulvous-fawn, encircled with faint narrow Species 66. (Mus. Cumning.) interrupted bands; aperture large, with the bands AMPULLARIA TROCHULUS. Amp. testâ globosâ, conspicuously marked in the interior. subampliter umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, acutè Hab. — ? acuminatâ, anfractibus supernè declivibus, deinde A light inflated species, having the upper part of the convexis; fulvo-olivaceâ, fasciis angustis whorls almost on a plane with the spire. virescentibus numerosis cingulatâ; aperturâ oblongâ, subangustâ, fauce conspicuè fasciatâ. THE TOP AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rather largely Species 64. (Mus. Cuming.) umbilicated, spire rather short, sharply 65a 65b AMPULLARIA OVATA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, acuminated, whorls slanting round the upper part, tumidiusculâ, subangustè umbilicatâ, spirâ then convex; fulvous-olive, encircled with exsertâ, anfractibus convexis, undato-striatis; numerous narrow green bands; aperture oblong, virescente-olivaceâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro rather narrow, bands conspicuous in the interior. columellari subrecurvo. Hab. —? THE OVATE AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, rather A globose many-banded shell, with a characteristic 66 swollen, rather narrowly umbilicated, spire sharply acuminated spire.

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XV.

Species 67. (Mus. Cuming.) lævibus, nitentibus, obscurè corrugatis et AMPULLARIA MALABARICA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, malleatis; virente-olivaceá, lineis fasciisque angustè umbilicatâ; fulvo-olivaceâ, spirâ angustis nigricantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, subexsertâ, anfractibus supernè declivibus et mi- intus nigricante-purpureâ, labro intus nigrescente. nutè rugosis, deinde convexis lævibus, nitentibus, THE REFLECTED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rat- vix malleatis; aperturâ ovatá, labro tenui, intus her deeply umbilicated, spire short, whorls incrassato. somewhat impressed at the suture, then rounded, THE MALABAR AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, smooth, shining, obscurely wrinkled and narrowly umbilicated; fulvous-olive, spire malleated; greenish-olive, encircled with dark somewhat exserted, whorls slanting at the upper lines and narrow bands; aperture ovate, interior part and minutely wrinkled, then convex, smooth blackish-purple, lip black within. shining, faintly malleated; aperture ovate, lip thin, SWAINSON, Zoological Illustrations, vol. iii. pl. 172. 67 thickened within. Hab. —-? PHILIPPI, Küster, Consh. Cab. Ampullaria, p. 29. pl.7. A globose shell, very symmetrically convoluted, f. 8. chiefly distinguished by its blackish-purple interior, the Hab. Malabar. lip being stained within darker. The outer surface of this species is shining fulvous- olive, with the umbilicus almost obsolete. Species 70. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) 68a 68b AMPULLARIA OBLONGA. Amp. testâ subtrigono- Species 68., (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) oblonga, solidusculâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ AMPULLARIA PRODUCTA. Amp. testâ oblongo- subpyramidali, anfractibus ad suturam plano- ovali, ad basin productâ, augustè umbilicatâ, impressis, deinde rotundato-angulatis; albidâ, umbilico ferè obsoleto, spirâ subobtusâ, epidermide fulvâ indutâ, apice carneâ; aperturâ anfractibus supernè declivibus et tenuirugosis, angustè oblongâ, labro columellari reflexo. deinde plano-convexis; olivaceâ, rufo-castaneo THE OBLONG AMPULLARIA. Shell somewhat fasciatâ; aperturâ oblongâ, ad basin effusâ, ad triangularly oblong, rather solid, narrowly marginem maculatâ. umbilicated, spire subpyramidal, whorls flatly THE PRODUCED AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-oval, impressed at the suture, then rotundately angled; 69 produced at the base, narrowly umbilicated, whitish, covered with a fulvous epidermis, flesh- umbilicus almost obsolete, spire rather obtuse, tinged at the apex; aperture narrowly oblong, whorls slanting, and finely wrinkled at the upper columellar lip refected. part, then flatly convex; olive, banded with SWAINSON, Zoological Illustrations, vol. iii. pl. 136. reddish-chestnut; aperture oblong, effused at the Hab. —? base, spotted at the edge. An interesting species, distinguished by its peculiarly Hab. —? oblong form, and light fulvous external colouring. This species is chiefly characterized by its oblong- oval form, produced and effused at the base.

70a Fig. 71. (Mus. Cuming.) 70b Species 69. (Mus.Cuming.) The shell here figured is a variety of A. compacta, AMPULLARIA REFLEXA. Amp. testâ globosâ, represented in the preceding Plate, of which there are subprofundè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, anfractibus several, all distinguished by a peculiar narrow contracted ad suturam subimpressis, deinde rotundatis, umbilicus.

71

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XVI.

Fig. 72. (Mus. Cuming.) Hab. India. An interesting banded variety of A. sordida, Of a peculiar obliquely expanded globose form, with represented at Pl. III. Fig. 14, presenting a link with A. a characteristic shining fulvous straw-coloured exterior, melanocheilæ Sp. 24. the aperture being edged within with fulvous-orange.

Species 73. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) Species 75. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA SCALARIS. Amp. testâ pyriformi- AMPULLARIA DOLIOIDES. Amp. testâ ovatâ, tenui, ovatâ, crassiusculâ, umbilicatâ, spirâ declivi- ventricosâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, acutâ, pyramidali, acutâ, anfractibus supernè, latè anfractibus convexis, nitentibus, ad suturas plano-angulatis, deinde convexis, ultimo anticè impressis, ultimo ampliter tumido et expanso; descendente; purpureo-fuscâ, ad angulum livido- cinereo-olivaceâ, obscurè rufo, fasciatâ, fasciis 72 albicante; aperturâ ovali, fauce albidâ. linearibus, irregularibus; aperturâ peramplâ, THE LADDER AMPULLARIA. Shell pyriformly apertâ, labro columellari reflexo. ovate, rather thick, umbilicated, spire slantingly THE DOLIUM-LIKE AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, pyramidal, sharp, whorls broadly flatly angled at thin, ventricose, narrowly umbilicated, spire short, the upper part, then convex, last whorl descending sharp, whorls convex, shining, impressed at the in front; purple-brown, livid whitish at the angle; sutures, last whorl largely swollen and expanded; aperture oval, interior whitish. ash-olive, obscurely red-banded, bands linear, 73a 73b D’ORBIGNY, Voy. dans l’Amérique Mérid. Moll. p. irregular; aperture very large, open, columelar lip 374. pl. 50. f. 1-3. reflected. Hab. Bolivia; D’Orbigny. Bridges. Hab. Bombay. Singularly distinguished from all other species of the An elegantly convoluted species, of light genus by its broad angularly turbinated spire. semitransparent substance, the last whorl being unusually larger then the rest, and openly expanded.

Species 74. (Mus. Cuming.) Species 76. (Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA LABIOSA. Amp. testâ obliquè globosâ, subangustè umbilicatâ, spirâ AMPULLARIA ENCAUSTICA. Amp. testâ globosâ, 74 exsertiusculâ, acutâ, anfractibus convexis, basin versus obtusè attenuatâ, vix umbilicatâ, nitentibus, longitudinaliter striatis et malleatis; tenui, pellucidâ, spirâ brevi, obtusâ, anfractibus fulvo-stramineâ; aperturâ oblongo-ovatâ, convexis, lævibus, nitentibus; virescente-olivaceâ; expansâ, labro columellare reflexo, fauce ad aperturâ oblong-ovatâ, labro breviter reflexo, marinem fulvo-aurantiâ. carneolo-aurantio. THE LIPPED AMPULLARIA. Shell obliquely globose, THE ENAMELLED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose rather narrowly umbilicated, spire somewhat obtusely attenuated towards the base, scarcely exserted, sharp, whorls convex, shining, umbilicated, thin, transparent, spire short, obtuse, longitudinally striated and malleated; fulvous whorls convex, smooth, shining; greenish-olive; straw-colour; aperture oblong-ovate, expanded, aperture oblong-ovate, lip shortly reflected, columellar lip reflected, interior fulvous-orange carnelion-orange. 75a 75b at the edge. Hab. —? KOCH, Philippi, in Küster, Conch. Cab. Ampullaria, p. An apparently solid globular species, but, in reality, 58. pl. 18. f. 5. thin and semitransparent. The colour is a shining smooth greenish-olive, with the lip bright carnelion-orange.

76

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XVII. Species 77. (Mus. Cuming.) the columella. AMPULLARIA HEPATARIA. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, LAMARCK, Anim. sans vert. vol. viii. p. 534. tenui, subinflatâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ Hab. Cashmere; Baron Hügel. breviusculâ, acuminatâ, anfractibus supernè Chiefly distinguished from A. immersa and other declivibus, deinde convexis, nintentibus, channelled species of the genus by its sharp-pointed, longitudinaliter, striatis; livido-spadiceâ, versus though short spire, a character specially noted by Lamarck. apicem pellucido-carneâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro columellari tenuè reflexo. Species 80. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) THE LIVER AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, thin, rat- her inflated, narrowly umbilicated, spire rather short, AMPULLARIA VITREA. Amp. testâ ovato-turbinatâ, pointed, whorls slanting round the upper part, then tenuis-simâ, corneâ, inflatâ, parum umbilicatâ, spirâ convex, shining, longitudinally striated; livid fawn- exsertâ, anfractibus primis quatuor angulatis, ad colour, transparent flesh towards the apex; aperture angulum indistinctè carinatis, anfractu ultimo ovate, columellar lip thinkly reflected. supernè declivi, angulo evanido, deinde convexo; Hab. —? pellucido-brunneâ, flammis opaco-albidis Of the light inflated growth, thin in substance, longitudinaliter irregulariter strigatâ; aperturâ 77 characterized by a peculiar livid-fawn or liver-colour, ovatâ, labro columellari tenuè reflexo, nitente-atro. changing towards the apex into a transparent flesh tint. THE GLASSY AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately turbinated, very thin, horny, inflated, but slightly umbilicated, spire exserted, first four whorls angled, indistinctly Species 78. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) keeled at the angle, last whorl slanting round the AMPULLARIA VITTATA. Amp. testâ globoso-turbinatâ, upper part, the angle gradually disappearing, then subangustè umbilicatâ, spirâ exsertâ, anfractibus rounded; transparent brown, longitudinally irregularly streaked with opake-whitish flames; 78a 78b rotundatis, lævibus, supernè tenuissimè plicato- striatis; fulvescente-olivaceâ, fasciis brunneis aperture ovate, columellar lip thinly reflected, angustis numerosis cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, fauce shining black. livido-purpurascente, ad marginem maculatâ. Helix vitrea, Born, Test. Mus. Vindobonensis, pl. 15. f. THE FILLETED AMPULLARIA. Shell globosely 15, 16. Chemn. Conch. vol. xi. p. 282. pl. 210. f. turbinated, rather narrowly umbilicated, spire 2072, 2073. exserted, whorls rounded, smooth, very finely Bulimus vitreus, Bruguière, Deshayes. plicately striated at the upper part; fulvous-olive, Hab. —? encircled with numerous narrow brown bands; apert- This extremely rare and curious shell, of transparent ure ovate, interior livid-purple, blotched at the edge. light horny texture, variegated with opake epidermis-like Hab. Philippine Islands; Cuming. flakes, hitherto referred to the genus Bulimus, appears to This species, which Mr. Cuming possesses in several belong rather to Ampullaria. 79 states, is characterized throughout by a uniform fulvous- olive ground, encircled with narrow brown bands more than usually numerous. Species 81. (Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA CUMINGII. Amp. testâ subgloboso- ovatâ, solidiusculâ, profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, Species 79. (Mus. Cuming.) anfractibus supernè planiusculis, deinde convexis, AMPULLARIA CANALICULATA. Amp. testâ globosâ, subdiscoideis; fulco-cinereâ, fasciis angustis et subventricosâ, subangustè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, lineis paucis rufescentibus cingulatâ; aperturâ acutâ, anfractibus convexis, longitudinaliter striatis, ovatâ, effusâ, labro columellari subincrassato. supernè concavo-canaliculatis; pallidè cinereâ, CUMINGS AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobosely ovate, saturatè fasciatâ, sub epidermide tenui olivaceâ; rather solid, deeply umbilicated, spire short, whorls aperturâ pyrifomi-ovatâ, cærulescente, prope rather flat at the upper part, then convex, somewhat columellari aurantio rufâ. 80a 80b discoid; fulvous-ash, encircled with a few reddish THE CHANNELLED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, narrow bands and lines; aperture ovate, effused, somewhat ventricose, rather narrowly umbilicated, columellar lip rather thickened. spire short, sharp, whorls convex, longitudinally KING, Zoological Journal, vol. v. p. 344. striated, concavely channelled at the upper part; pale Hab. Island of Taboga, Panama. ash, dark banded beneath a thin olive epidermis; A solid shell, of somewhat discoid growth, with the 81 aperture pyriformly ovate, bluish, orange-red next aperture thickened and much effused.

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XVIII.

Species 82. (Mus. Cuming.) whorls rather impressed round the upper part, then AMPULLARIA PRUNULUM. Amp. testâ globosâ, rounded; yellowish-brow, encircled with two or subdiscoideâ, profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ three distant brown lines; aperture ovate, lip breviusculâ, acuminatâ, anfractibus supernè somewhat effused, interior orange. impresso-planis, deinde convexis; livido-olivaceâ, SWAINSON, Zoological Illustrations, vol. iii. pl. 157. lineâ fuscescente obscurè cingulatâ; aperturâ Ampullariæ pachystoma and balteata, Philippi. ovatâ, labro columellari subeffuso, fauce pallidè Hab. Venezuela. aurantiâ. Readily distinguished from the preceding species by THE LITTLE PLUM AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, its larger size and rougher epidermis-clad texture, the subdiscoid, deeply umbilicated, spire rather short, columellar lip being less broadly reflected back. 82 acuminated, whorls impressly flattened round the upper part, then convex; livid olive, obscurely encircled with a faint brown line; aperture ovate, Species 85. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) columellar lip rather effused, interior pale orange. AMPULLARIA GLAUCA. Amp. testâ orbiculato- Hab. New Granada. ventricosâ, subdiscoideâ, ampliter umbilicatâ, Of the same typical outline as A. luteostoma, but less spirâ brevi, anfractibus supernè planulatis, deinde effused, and having a narrower umbilicus, with little plano-convexis; fuscescente, fasciis lineisque external painting except a faint line or two. glauco-castaneis densè cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, 83a 83b amplâ, labro columellare latè effuso, fauce aurantiâ. Species 83. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) THE GLAUCOUS AMPULLARIA. Shell orbicularly AMPULLARIA CUBENSIS. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, ventricose, somewhat discoid, largely umbilicated, subprofundè umbilicatâ, spirâ exsertâ, anfractibus spire short, whorls flattened round the upper part, rotundatis, lævibus; livido-cinereâ, fasciis then flatly convex; pale brown, closely encircled angustis rufis regulariter cingulatâ; aperturâ, with glaucous-chestnut lines and bands; aperture subexpansâ. ovate, large, columellar lip broadly effused, THE CUBA AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, rather interior orange. deeply umbilicated, spire exserted, whorls Helix glauca, Linnæus, Mus. Uric, p. 667. rounded, smooth; livid ash, regularly encircled Nerita effusa, Müller. 84 with narrow red bands; aperture ovate, rather Helix oculus communis, Gmelin. expanded. Helix neritina, Gmelin. Hab. Cuba. Bulimus effusus, Bruguière. The regularity of the red bands with which this spe- Ampullaria effusa, Swainson. cies is striped, is rather a characteristic feature. Ampullaria Guyanensis, Guérin. Hab. —? A very characteristic species, distinguished by its Species 84. (Mus. Cuming.) shining porcelain-like aspect and broadly effused AMPULLARIA LUTEOSTOMA. Amp. testâ reflection of the columellar lip, which, with the interior, orbiculato-ventricosâ, subdiscoideâ, perampliter is enamelled orange, the external surface of the shell umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, acuminatâ; being closely lined and banded with glaucous-chestnut. 85a 85b anfractibus supernè subimpressis, deinde rotundatis; flavescente-fuscâ, lineis brunneis duabus vel tribus distantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro subeffuso, fauce aurantiâ. Fig. 86. (Mus. Cuming.) THE YELLOW-MOUTH AMPULLARIA. Shell A variety of A. Paludinoides, represented at Pl. II. orbicularly ventricose somewhat discoid, very Fig. 9, in which the whorls are more globosely 86 largely umbilicated, spire rather short, acuminated, convoluted.

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XIX.

Fig 87. (Mus. Cuming.) THE CONTRACTED AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong- A variety of A. compacta, represented at Pl. XIV. turbinated, almost imperforated, spire exserted, Fig. 62. whorls convex, rather narrow, rounded; yellowish- olive, encircled with numerous irregular red- brown lines; aperture ovate, small, columellar lip Species 88. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) white, reflected. Hab. —? AMPULLARIA FILOSA. amp. testâ ovatâ, A species well distinguished by its oblong turbinated imperforatâ, spirâ brevi, apice plus minus erosâ, form, and contracted aperure. The irregular linear anfractibus supernè plano-angulatis, striis painting is also a characteristic feature. 87 elevatis undique filosis; fulvescente-castaneâ, fasciis angustis rufis numerosis cingulatâ; aperturâ oblongâ, basi effusâ, labro columellari albo, plano-reflexo. THE THREADED AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, Species 90. (Fig a, b, and 91, Mus. Cuming.) imperforated, spire short, more or less eroded at AMPULLARIA APERTA. Amp. testâ conoideo-ovatâ, 88a 88b the apex, whorls flatly angled at the upper part, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, encircled throughout with thread-like raised striæ; acuminatâ, anfractibus convexis, lævibus; fulvous-chestnut, encircled with numerous narrow pallidè cinereâ, lineis rufescentibus cingulatâ, red bands; aperture oblong, effused at the base; epidermide olivaceâ subcorneâ indutâ, aperturâ columellar lip white, flatly reflected. subcirculari, subamplâ, conspicuè obliquè Hab. Madagascar. effusâ, labro reflexo. This species is distinguished by a typical charater of THE OPEN AMPULLARIA. Shell conoidly ovate, its own, represented most conspicuously in the surface narrowly umbilicated, spire rather short, being sculptured throughout with thread-like raised acuminated, whorls convex, smooth; pale ash, striæ. encircled with red lines, and covered with an olive subhorny epidermis; aperture nearly circular, rat- her large, conspicuously obliquely effused, lip Species 89. (Mus. Cuming.) reflected. 89 AMPULLARIA COMPLICATA. Amp. testâ oblongo- PHILIPPI, Zeitschrift für Malac. 1849, p. 18. turbinatâ, subimperforatâ, spirâ exsertâ, Hab. —? anfractibus convexis, subangustis, rotundatis; Characterized by a peculiarly expanded aperture, and fluvescente-olivaceâ, lineis rufo-fascis, numero- a light ash, red-lined colouring, covered by a thin shining sis, irregularibus; aperturâ ovatâ, parvâ, labro horny epidermis. columellari albo, reflexo.

90a 90b

October, 1856. 91 AMPULLARIA. Plate XX.

Species 92 (Mus. Cuming.) THE ASH-COLOURED AMPULLARIA. Shell AMPULLARIA MŒSTA. Amp. testâ ovato-globosâ, globose, thin, rather inflated, narrowly augustè umbilicatâ, spirâ subexsertâ, anfractibus umbilicated, spire short, whorls rounded, smooth, supernè subplanulatis, deinde rotundatis, lævibus; the last ascending in front; pale ash, encircled with sordidè olivaceâ, fasciis angustis saturatioribus three to four linear reddish-brown bands; apert- cingulatâ; aperturâ lunari-ovatâ, labro intus ure pyriformly ovate, columellar lip thinly lutescente-albo. reflected. THE MOURNING AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately Hab. Ceylon. globose, narrowly umbilicated, spire rather A peculiarly rounded species, thin and somewhat exserted, whorls slightly flattened at the upper inflated, of a light ash-color, encircled with faint part, then rounded, smooth; dull olive, encircled bands which, towards the apex, are like red-brown with narrow darker bands; aperture lunar-ovate, lines, of which only the uppermost one is visible. 92 lip yellowish-white within. Hab. Ceylon; F. Layard. A dull greenish-olive species, of globose form, Species 95. (Fig. a,b, Mus. Cuming.) narrowly compressly umbilicated, encircled with AMPULLARIA ELECTRINA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, numerous faint bands, irregular in width, but mostly linear. 93b tenuissimâ, inflatâ, profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ 93a brevi, acuminatâ, anfractibus ad suturam augustè impressis, deinde convexis, undique malleatis, Species 93. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) nitentibus; rufescente-spadiceâ; obscurè AMPULLARIA GOSSEI. Amp. testâ ovato-globosâ, multifasciatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, subamplâ, labro solidiusculâ, compressè umbilicatâ, spirâ columellari tenuè reflexo. subexsertâ, anfractibus supernè rotundato- THE AMBER AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, very thin, angulatis, deinde convexis, obsoletè liratis et inflated, deeply umbilicated, spire short, malleatis; castaneo-fuscâ, obscurè fasciatâ; acuminated, whorls narrowly impressed at the aperturâ ovatâ, fauce rufescente-aurantiâ, labro suture, then convex, everywhere malleated, columellari incrassato, reflexo. shining; reddish-fawn colour, obscurely many- GOSSE’S AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately globose, rat- banded; aperture ovate, rather large, columellar her solid, compressly umbilicated, spire rather lip thinly reflected. exserted, whorls rotundately angled round the Hab. —? 94 upper part, then convex, obsoletely ridged and A very light inflated species, of a pale amber-tinted malleated; chestnut-brown, obscurely banded; reddish-fawn colour. aperture ovate, interior reddish-orange, columellar lip thickened, reflected. Hab. Jamaica; Gosse. Allied to A. decussata, but of more solid growth, with the spire more exserted, and the columellar lip more Species 96. (Mus. Cuming.) thickend. AMPULLARIA JAVANICA. Amp. testâ conico- oblongâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ exsertâ, anfractibus convexis, subangustis, lævibus; intense olivaceâ; Species 94. (Mus. Cuming.) aperturâ ovatâ, parviusculâ, labro tenui. 95a 95b AMPULLARIA CINERA. Amp. testâ globosâ, tenui, THE JAVA AMPULLARIA. Shell conically oblong, subinflatâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, scarcely umbilicated, spire exserted, whorls anfractibus rotundatis, lævibus, ultimo anticè convex, rather narrow, smooth; dark olive; apert- descendente; pallidè cinereâ, fasciis linearibus ure ovate, rather small, lip thin. rufescente-fuscis tribus ad quatuor cingulatâ; Hab. Java. aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, labro columellari tenuè A smooth olive species, scarcely umbilicated, chiefly reflexo. distinguished by its conically oblong form. 96

October, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XXI.

Species 97 (Mus. Cuming.) Species 100. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA TERES. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, AMPULLARIA PATULA. Amp. testâ suborbiculari, subampliter umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, anfractibus imperforatâ, tenui, spirâ brevissimâ, obtusâ, supernè subplanulatis, deinde convexis, lævibus; anfractibus supernè declivi-planulatis, deinde olivaceâ, fasciis quatuor vel quinque rufescentibus convexis, ultimo latissimè expanso; viriscente- cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro columellari olivaceâ, lineis nigris irregularibus cingulatâ; subreflexo aurantio tincto. aperturâ amplâ, expansâ. THE TAPERING AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, rat- THE OPEN-MOUTHED AMPULLARIA. Shell her largely umbilicated, spire short, whorls suborbicular, imperforated, thin, spire very short, somewhat flattened at the upper part, then convex, obtuse, whorls slantingly flattened round the upper 97 smooth; olive, encircled with four or five reddish part, then convex, the last very widely expanded; bands, aperture ovate, columellar lip slightly greenish-olive, encircled with irregular black lines; reflected, orange-tinted. aperture large, expanded. PHILIPPI, Zeitschrift für Malac. 1849, p. 19. Kuster, Hab. —? Monog. P. 38. pl. 10. f. 4. A thin open-mouthed species, belonging to the same Hab. —? peculiar type of the genus as the large A. Neritoides. This is the nearest allied species to A. effusa, which it 98a 98b much resembles, but is uniformly of smaller size, with the columellar lip less broadly expanded. Species 101. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA INTROPICTA. Amp. testâ obliquè globosâ, subdepressâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ Species 98. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) brevi, obtusâ, plus minus erosâ, anfractibus AMPULLARIA SIMPLEX. Amp. Testâ ovatâ, vix angustis; supernè planatis, longitudinaliter striates; 99a umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, anfractibus convexis, rufescente-aurantiâ, fasciis angustis olivaceis lævibus, ultimo subexpanso; olivacâ fasciis angustis cingulatâ; aperturâ ferè circulari, expansâ, fauce lineisque numerosis nigricante-rufis cingulatâ; vividè coloratâ, labro columellari tenuè reflexo. aperturâ ovatâ, labro columellari tenuè reflexo. THE INNER PAINTED AMPULLARIA. Shell obliquely THE SIMPLE AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, scarcely globose, rather depressed, narrowly umbilicated, umbilicated, spire short, whorls convex, smooth, the spire short, obtuse, more or less eroded, whorls last rather expanded; olive, encircled with numerous narrow, flattened at the upper part, longitudinally 100a 100b blackish-red lines and narrow bands; aperture ovate, striated; reddish-orange, encircled with narrow olive columellar lip thinly reflected. bands; aperture nearly circular, expanded, vividly Hab. —? coloured within, columellar lip thinly reflected. A thin somewhat expanded shell, scarcely umbilicated Hab. —? against the thinly reflected columellar lip, encircled with A very distinct and beautiful species, of an obliquely numerous blackish-red pencil lines and narrow bands. expanded depressed form, of a warm orange-colour, encircled with narrow olive bands, the colouring being particularly warm and bright in the interior of the shell. 99b Species 99. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULARIA CERASUM. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, mi- nutè umbilicatâ, spirâ parviusculâ, acutâ, Species 102. (Mus. Cuming.) anfractibus convexis, longitudinaliter plicato- AMPULLARIA OLEA. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, vix striatis; olivaceo-cinereâ, pallidissimè fasciatâ; umbilicatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, anfractibus aperturâ rotundato-ovatâ, labro reflexo, vividè rotundatis, longitudinaliter striates; nitente- 101a 101b miniato. olivaceâ, fasciis duabus angustis nigricante-rufis THE CHERRY AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, distantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ. minutely umbilicated, spire rather small, sharp, THE OLIVE AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, scarcely whorls convex, longitudinally plicately striated; ash- umbilicated, spire rather short, whorls rounded, olive, very faintly banded; aperture rotundately longitudinally striated; shining olive, encircled with ovate, lip reflected, bright scarlet. two distant narrow blackish-red bands; aperture 102 HANLEY, Conch, Miscellany. pyriformly ovate. Hab. Mexico. Hab. —? Of an obscure ash-olive colour, with a striking, bright Of a peculiar compact subglobose form, with a shining cherry-coloured lip. olive surface, encircled with two distant linear bands.

November, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XXII.

Species 103. (Mus. Cuming.) D’ORBIGNY, Moll. Voy. Dans l’Amér. Mérid. P. 377. AMPULLARIA PERNAMBUCENSIS. Amp. testâ pl. 52. f. 1-3. obliquè orbiculari, imperforatâ, lateraliter Hab. Rio Parana, La Plata; D’Orbigny. compressâ, spirâ parvâ, anfractibus convexis, The substance of this shell is rather more callous ultimo peramplo, expanso; olivaceâ, lineis than usual, typical of a distinct section of the genus. nigricantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ patulâ, fauce nitente castaneâ, labro tenuè reflexo. THE PERNAMBUCO AMPULLARIA. Shell obliquely Fig. 106. (Mus. Cuming.) 103 orbicular, imperforated, laterally compressed, The shell here represented proves to be an oblong spire small, whorls convex, the last very large and convoluted variety of A. crassa, described at Pl. I. Fig. 5. expanded; olive-ash, encircled with faint blackish lines; aperture wide open, interior shining chestnut, lip thinly reflected. Species 107. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) Hab. Pernambuco. AMPULLARIA PHYSOIDES. Amp. testâ 104a 104b A laterally compressed expanded shell, of light semiglobosâ, tenuissimâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ texture, richly coloured with dark chestnut in the interior. parvâ, anfractibus convexis, longitudinaliter ele- ganter impressè undato-striatis, ultimo perinflato; pallidè fulvâ, carneo tinctâ, fasciis Species 104. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) paucis rufis obscuris cingulatâ; aperturâ amplâ, AMPULLARIA BULLA. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, labro tenuè reflexo. angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ subobtusâ, anfractibus THE PHYSA-LIKE AMPULLARIA. Shell 105a rotundatis, lævibus; fulvo-olivaceâ, lineis semiglobose, very thin, scarcely umbilicated, rufescentibus cingulatâ; aperturâ rotundato- spire small, whorls convex, longitudinally ovatâ, labro tenuè reflexo. elegantly impressly wave-striated, last whorl THE BUBBLE AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, much inflated; light fulvous, flesh-tinged, narrowly umbilicated, spire rather obtuse, whorls encircled with a few obscure linear red bands; rounded, smooth; fulvous-olive, encircled with red aperture large, lip thinly reflected. lines; aperture rotundately ovate, lip thinly Hab. Pernambuco. 106a 106b reflected. Of the same typical form as A. Pernambucensis, but Hab. —? thinner and more inflated, and of a pale flesh-tinged Of simple character, encircled upon a fulvous-olive fulvous colour. ground with red lines, which are seen more conspicuously in the interior. Species 108. (Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA SAXEA. Amp. testâ oblongo-ovatâ, 105b Species 105. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) solidiusculâ, angustè oblectè umbilicatâ, spirâ AMPULLARIA ROISSYI, Amp. testâ oblongo-conicâ, subobtusâ, anfractibus supernè subdepressis, solidiusculâ, augustè profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ obsoletè angulatis, deinde rotundatis; olivaceâ; obtusâ, anfractibus rotundatis, supernè aperturâ pyriformi, oblongâ, labro columellari te- declivibus, exilissimè decussatim striatis; fulvo- nuè reflexo. albidâ, fasciis angustis olivaceo-nigricantibus THE STONY AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-ovate, rat- 107a 107b cingulatâ; aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, labro her solid, with a narrow covered umbilicus, spire columellari subcalloso, subreflexo. rather obtuse, whorls a little depressed round the ROISSY’S AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-conical, rat- upper part, obsoletely angled, then rounded; olive; her solid, narrowly deeply umbilicated, spire rat- aperture pyriformly oblong, columellar lip thinly her obtuse, whorls rounded, slanting at the upper reflected. part, very finely decussately striated; fulvous- Hab. —? 108 white, encircled with narrow olive-black bands; An oblong-ovate shell, of rather solid texture, aperture pyriformly ovate, columellar lip rather characterized by a faint depression round the upper callous, slightly reflected. whorls, causing a scarcely perceptible angle.

November, 1856 AMPULLARIA. Plate XXIII.

Species 109. (Mus. Hanley.) luteo-olivaceâ, lineis viridibus cingulatâ; AMPULLARIA LARGILLIERTI. Amp. testâ ovato- aperturâ oblongo-ovatâ, ad basin subsinuatâ. globosâ, angustè umbilicatâ, tenuiculâ, spirâ THE DEPRESSED AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, obtusâ, anfractibus rotundatis, concentricè subventricose, imperforated, spire rather short, plicato-striatis; olivaceo-viridi, fasciis linearibus whorls convex, rather flattened at the upper part; nigricantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, yellowish-olive, encircled with green lines; apert- subeffusâ. ure oblong-ovate, somewhat sinuated at the base. LARGILLIERT’S AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately SAY, Exped. S. Peters, vol. ii. p. 264. 109 globose, narrowly umbilicated, rather thin, spire Hab. —? obtuse, whorls rounded, concentrically plicately This species differs from S. paludosa of the same striated; olive-green, encircled with blackish linear author, in being of a lighter and more inflated structure, bands; operture ovate, somewhat effused. rather attenuated towards the base; it is of a yellow- PHILIPPI, Zeitschrift für Malac. 1848, p. 192. tinged olive colour, encircled with green lines. Hab. Madagascar; Largilliert. 110a 110b This shell, which we take to be Dr. Philippi´s A. Largillierti, is the nearest allied to A. Layardi from Species 112. (Mus. Hanley.) Ceylon. AMPULLARIA BUXEA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, subventricosâ, ad basin attenuatâ et effusâ, imperforatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, anfractibus supernè subdeclivibus, Species 110. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Metcalfe.) deinde planoconvexis; fuscescente-fulvâ, lineis numero- AMPULLARIA BILINEATA. Amp. testâ globosâ, sis rufo-olivaceis cingulatâ; aperturâ oblongo-ovatâ. tenui, subinflatâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, THE BOX AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, obtusâ, anfractibus convexis, lævibus, nitentibus; subventricose, attenuated and effused at the base, livido-fulvescente, fasciis bilinearibus rufis imperforated, spire rather short, whorls rather slanting duabus distantibus cingulatis; aperturâ ovatâ, at the upper part, then flatly convex; brownish-fulvous, labro subeffuso. encircled with numerous reddish-olive lines; aperture THE TWO-LINED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, oblong-ovate. thin, rather inflated, scarcely umbilicated, spire Hab. —? short, obtuse, whorls convex, smooth, shining; Resembling the former species in the contour of the livid-fulvous, encircled with two distant red bi- aperture and absence of umbilicus, but more slanting linear bands; aperture ovate, lip slightly effused. and inclined to angularity next the suture. Hab. —? 41b An interesting species from the collection of Mr. Species 113. (Mus. Hanley.) Metcalfe, light and globose, with a smooth, shining, AMPULLARIA HANLEYI. Amp. testâ turbinatâ, tenui, livid-fulvous surface, encircled round the centre with a pellucidâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ ampliter band of two reddish lines, and the same at the base. exsertâ, anfractibus rotundatis, subangustis, lævibus; livido-fulva, lineis rufescente-fuscis cingulatâ; aperturâ parviusculâ, subcirculari, Species 41. (Fig. b, Mus. Hanley.) 111 112 labro columellari reflexo. A fine characteristic specimen of the shell which we HANLEY´S AMPULLARIA. Shell turbinated, thin, ventured to determine at Pl. IX. Sp. 41. to represent A. transparent, narrowly umbilicated, spire largely fasciata. exserted, whorls rounded, rather narrow, smooth; livid-fulvous, encircled with red-brown lines; aperture rather small, nearly circular, columellar Species 111. (Mus. Hanley.) lip reflected. 113 AMPULLARIA DEPRESSA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, Hab. —? subventricosâ, imperforatâ, spirâ breviusculâ, A semi-transparent turbinated species, quite distinct anfractibus convexis, supernè subplanulatis; from any that has preceded it.

December, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XXIV.

Species 114. (Mus. Hanley.) Species 116. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Hanley.) AMPULLARIA TESTUDINEA. Amp. testâ ovato- AMPULLARIA CITREUM. Amp. testâ oblongo- ventricosâ, tenui, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ globosâ, subampliter umbilicatâ, spirâ mediocri, mediocri, anfractibus convexis, lævibus, anfractibus ad suturam impressis, deinde nitentibus; fulvescente-cinereâ, fasciis lineisque convexis, obscurè malleatis, circa umbilicum ferrugineo-fuscentibus cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, obtusè angulatis; pallidè fulvâ ant virescente, labro simplici. interdum olivaceo fasciatâ; aperturâ pyriformi- oblongâ, intus aurantio-rufâ. THE TORTOISE-SHELL AMPULLARIA. Shell 114 THE CITRON AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-globose, ovately ventricose, thin, narrowly umbilicated, rather largely umbilicated, spire moderate, whorls spire moderate; whorls convex, smooth, shining; impressed at the suture, then convex, obsurely fulvous-ash, encircled with rust-brown bands and malleated, obtusely angled round the umbilicus; pale- lines; aperture ovate, lip simple. fulvous, or greenish, sometimes banded with olive; Hab. —? aperture pyriformly oblong, orange-red within. 115a 115b A shell of light substance, much painted with light Hab. —? rust-brown bands and lines. A fine species, of very distinct character, peculiarly obtusely angled round the umbilicus.

Species 115. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Hanley.) Species 117. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA LINNÆ. Amp. testâ subovato- AMPULLARIA PICTA. Amp. testâ oblongo-ventricosâ, turbinatâ, ventricosâ, subangustè umbilicatâ, ampliter profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ mediocri, spirâ exsertâ, anfractibus rotundatis, lævibus, anfractibus ad suturam planulatis, deinde plano- nitentibus, ad suturam rudè impressis; livido- convexis, circa umbilicum obtusè angulatis; glaucâ, fasciis angustis rosaceis cingulatâ; virescente, fasciis lineisque olivaceis numerosis aperturâ ovatâ, labro subeffuso. cingulatâ; aperturâ oblongo-ovatâ, intus LINNÆUS’S AMPULLARIA. Shell ovately turbinated, aurantio-miniatâ. ventricose, rather narrowly umbilicated, spire THE PAINTED AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong- exserted, whorls rounded, smooth, shining, ventricose, largely deeply umbilicated, spire 116a somewhat rudely impressed at the suture; livid- moderate, whorls rather flattened at the suture, glaucous, encircled with pinkish narrow bands; then flatly convex, obtusely angled round the aperture ovate, lip sligthly effused. umbilicus; greenish, encircled with numerous PHILIPPI, Kuster Conch. Cab. Ampullaria, p. 62. pl. olive bands and lines; aperture oblong-ovate, 20. f. 6. orange-vermilion within. Hab. —? Hab. —? Closely allied to the preceding species, especially in Of a livid-glaucous colour, smooth and shining, the peculiar obtusely angled structure of the whorl encircled with pale pink linear bands. around the umbilicus, but uniformly distinct in all its 117a 116b stages of growth in general contour.

117b December, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XXV.

Species 118. (Mus. Metcalfe.) irregularly banded with black; aperture largely AMPULLARIA CALIGINOSA. Amp. testâ globosâ, expanded, columellar lip recurved, orange-tinted. subprofundè umbilicatâ, spirâ mediocri, Hab. —? anfractibus supernè plano-declivibus, medio The only species similar to this in form is the A. gibbosiusculis, tenuè plicato-striatis et malleatis; Lymnææformis, which differs, among other essential nigricante-olivaceâ, prope suturam fulvescente; characters in being largely umbilicated. aperturâ ovatâ, labro vix reflexo. THE GLOOMY AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rather deeply umbilicated, spire moderate, whorls flatly Figs. 11 b, and 121. (Mus. Metcalfe.) 118 slanting round the upper part, somewhat gibbous The shells here figured, and which should have been in the middle, finely plicately striated and numbered 12 b and 12 c, are fine characteristic examples malleated; dark olive, yellowish next the suture; of Sp. 12, A. pilula, a species described at Pl. III. from aperture ovate, lip scarcely reflected. an obscure specimen in an immature stage of growth. Hab. —? The most characteristic feature of this species is the gibbous expansion of the whorls, after flatly sloping Species 120. (Fig a, b, Mus. Cuming.) 119b 119a from the suture. AMPULLARIA MILTOCHEILUS. Amp. testâ globosâ, solidâ, subampliter profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ parviusculâ, anfractibus rotundatis, spiraliter Species 119. (Fig a, b, Mus. Metcalfe.) corrugatis et malleatis, ad suturam declivibus; AMPULLARIA METCALFEI. Amp. testâ compressè olivaceâ, ferrugineo hic illic tinctâ et vittatâ; ovatâ, subtus excavatâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ aperturâ ovatâ, labro solidè reflexo, intensè parvâ, acuminatâ, anfractibus supernè obtusè aurantio-miniato. angulatis, deinde plano-convexis, longitudinaliter THE RED-LIPPED AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, striatis; fulvescente-olivaceâ, nigro irregulariter solid, rather largely deeply umbilicated, spire rat- fasciatâ; aperturâ ampliter expansâ, labro her small, whorls rounded, spirally wrinkled and 11b columellari recurvo, aurantio-tincto. malleated, slanting at the suture; olive, here and METCALFE´S AMPULLARIA. Shell compressly there stained and filleted with rust; aperture ovate, ovate, excavated beneath, scarcely umbilicated, lip solidly reflected, deep orange-vermilion. spire small, acuminated, whorls obtusely angled Hab. Province of Chiapes, Mexico; Ghiesbrecht. round the upper part, then flatly convex, A fine solid rust-stained olive shell, with a longitudinally striated; yellowish-olive, characteristic orange-vermilion lip.

120a 120b December, 1856.

121 AMPULLARIA. Plate XXVI.

Species 122. (Fig. a, b, c, Mus. Cuming.) characteristically malleated throughout, and having a AMPULLARIA ELEGANS. Amp. testâ turbinatâ, conspicuous deep red aperture. solidâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ subexsertâ, anfractibus convexis, subangustis, prope suturam planatis, lævibus; lutescente-albâ, fasciis Species 124. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) lineisque rubido-fuscis cingulatâ; aperturâ AMPULLARIA FUMATA. Amp. testâ semiglobosâ, rotundato-ovatâ, parviusculâ, fauce albâ. obliquè effusâ, angustè umbilicatâ, spirâ parvâ, THE ELEGANT AMPULLARIA. Shell turbinated, acutâ, anfractibus convexis, lævibus, ultimo multo solid scarcely umbilicated, spire rather exserted, maximo; olivaceâ, ad suturam fulvescente, lineis 122a whorls convex, rather narrow, flattened next the nigricantibus cingulatâ; aperturâ amplâ, labro suture, smooth; yellowish-white, encircled with plano-expanso, fauce fumeo fusco tinctâ et red-brown bands and lines; aperture rotundately lineatâ. ovate, rather small, interior white. THE SMOKED AMPULLARIA. Shell semiglobose, D´ORBIGNY, Mag. de Zool. 1835, p. 83, Moll. Voy. obliquely effused, narrowly umbilicated, spire dans l’Amér. Mérid. p. 378. pl. 52. f. 3 to 6. small, sharp, whorls convex, smooth, the last one 122b Hab. Rio Madeira, Tributary of the Amazon, Bolivia; much the largest; olive, fulvous at the suture, 122c D´Orbigny. encircled with dark lines; aperture large, lip flatly This species chiefly differs from A. Roissyi, to which expanded, interior stained and lineated with it is nearest allied, by its broader form of convolution, smoky brown. and in the more depressed growth of the whorls next Hab. Province of Chiapes, Mexico; Ghiesbrecht. the suture. Peculiarly distinguished by the flat expanded formation of the lip, and the painting of the interior, which is stained with shining smoky brown lines and Species 123. (Mus. Cuming.) tint. AMPULLARIA GHIESBRECHTII. Amp. testâ globosâ, solidiusculâ, profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ parviusculâ, depressâ, apice acutâ, anfractibus Species 125. (Mus. Cuming.) rotundatis, undique decussatim malleatis; intensè AMPULLARIA DIRA. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, minutè olivaceâ; aperturâ pyriformi-ovatâ, labro effuso, angusè umbilicatâ, anfractibus rotundatis, ad vividè rubido-miniato. suturam planulatis, rudè striatis; olivaceo- GHIESBRECHT’S AMPULLARIA. Shell globose, rat- nigracante; aperaturâ ovatâ, labro simplici. her solid, deeply umbilicated, spire rather small, THE DISMAL AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, 123 depressed, sharp at the apex, whorls rounded, minutely narrowly umbilicated, whorls rounded, everywhere decussately malleated; dark olive; rather flattened at the suture, rudely striated; olive- aperture pyriformly ovate, lip effused, deep ruddy black; aperture ovate, lip simple. vermilion. Hab. —-? Hab. Province of Chiapes, Mexico; Gheisbrecht. A dull rudely striated blackish-olive species, of the A remarkable fine species, of solid globose form, simplest form.

124a 124b

125 December, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XXVII.

Species 126. (Mus. Hanley.) pyriformly ovate, lip effused, interior whitish. AMPULLARIA PLANORBULA. Amp. testâ discoideâ, Ampullaria fasciata, Swainson, Zool. Illus. Second ampliter umbilicatâ, spirâ brevi, subimmersâ, Series, vol. ii. pl. 64. anfractibus angustis, convexis, lævibus, ad Ampullaria Swainsoni, Philippi. suturam depressis; lutescente-albâ, fasciis Hab. —? lineisque castaneis cingulatâ; aperturâ lunato- Distinguished from its congeners by its bold oblong- 126 circulari, labro simplici. ovate form of convolution and continuous encircling of THE LITTLE PLANORBIS AMPULLARIA. Shell narrow bands. discoid, largely umbilicated, spire short, subimmersed, whorls narrow, convex, smooth, depressed at the suture; yellowish-white, encircled Species 129. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Hanley.) with chestnut bands and lines; aperture lunar- AMPULLARIA BALANOIDEA. Amp. testâ ovatâ, circular, lip simple. solidâ, oblectè umbilicatâ, spirâ subexsertâ, PHILIPPI, Kuster, Conch. Cab. Amp. p. 26. pl. 7. f. 3. obtusâ, anfractibus rotundatis, subangustis, Hab. —? tenuissimè granoso-striatis, ad suturam plano- A small species, distinguished from all others of the declivibus; nigricante-castaneâ; aperturâ 127a 127b genus by its discoid Planorbis-like growth. parviusculâ, ovatâ, labro effusâ, columellâ calloso-reflexo, aurantio tinctâ. THE ACORN-LIKE AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, solid, Species 127. (Fig a, b, Mus. Cuming.) with a covered umbilicus, spire rather exserted, AMPULLARIA DECUSSATA. Amp. testâ subglobosâ, obtuse, whorls rounded, rather narrow, very finely angustè profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ obtusâ, erosâ, granosely striated, flatly slanting at the suture; anfractibus angustis, convexis, striis tenuè blackish-chestnut; aperture rather small, ovate, lip decussatis, ad suturam latè planatis; livido- effused, columella callously reflected. orange-tinted. castaneâ, lineis fulvescentibus cingulatâ, ad GOULD, MS., Mus. Hanley. suturam fulvescente, aperturâ ovatâ, parviusculâ, Hab. Liberia, West Africa. labro simplici. Very closely allied to A. Platæ which follows, but of THE DECUSSATED AMPULLARIA. Shell subglobose, a more obliquely effused form, with a more exserted narrowly deeply umbilicated, spire obtuse eroded, spire. whorls narrow, convex, finely decussated with striæ, broadly flattened at the suture; livid-chestnut, Species 130. (Mus. Cuming.) encircled with fulvous lines, fulvous at the suture; AMPULLARIA PLATÆ. Amp. testâ ovatâ, aperture ovate, rather small, lip simple. solidiusculâ, imperforatâ, spirâ obtusè exsertâ, MORICAND, Mem. Soc. Phys. de Genève, vol. vii. p. anfractibus subangustis, convexis, minutè 128 445. pl. 2. f. 26, 27. granoso-striatis, ad suturam obtusè planatis; Hab. Brazil. lutescente-castaneâ, fasciis angustis fuscis A rather narrowly convoluted shell, decussated cingulatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro simplici, throughout with fine striæ, especially characterized by columellâ calloso-reflexâ, aurantio-tinctâ. a broad flattened development of the whorls next the THE PLATE AMPULLARIA. Shell ovate, rather solid, suture. imperforated, spire obtusely exserted, whorls rat- 129a 129b her narrow, convex, minutely granosely striated, obtusely flattened at the suture; yellowish- Species 128. (Mus. Hanley.) chestnut, encircled with narrow brown bands; AMPULLARIA SWAINSONI. Amp. testâ oblongo- aperture ovate, lip simple, columella callously ovatâ, angustè profunè umbilicatâ, spirâ reflected, orange-tinted. subexsertâ, anfractibus convexis, undique minutè Helix platæ, Maton, Trans. Linn. Soc. 1809, vol. x. pl. punctulatis; lutescente-olivaceâ, fasciis numero- 24. f. 16,17. 130 sis angustis viridibus cingulatâ; aperturâ Ampullaria Platæ, D´Orbigny. pyriformi-ovatâ, labro effuso, fauce albicante. Ampullaria Naticoides, D´Orbigny. SWAINSON’S AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-ovate, Ampullaria cyclostoma, Spix. narrowly deeply umbilicated, spire rather Hab. River Plate. exserted, whorls convex, minutely punctured Distinguished from the preceding species, from Li- throughout; yellowish-olive, encircled with beria, to which it is singularly closely allied, by its numerous narrow green bands; aperture narrower form of convolution and banded painting.

December, 1856. AMPULLARIA. Plate XXIII.

Species 131. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) THE EAR-SHAPED AMPULLARIA. Shell compressly AMPULLARIA AUROSTOMA. Amp. testâ globoso- ovate, oblique twisted, Lymnæ-shaped, thin, turbinatâ, vix umbilicata, spirâ subexsertâ, deeply umbilicated, spire small, whorls convex, anfractibus rotundatis, rugoso-striatis; nigricante- striated and malleated, obsoletely and obtusely castaneâ; aperturâ ovatâ, labro vividè aurantio- angled round the upper part, last whorl 131a rufo. conspicuously effused; dark olive; aperture THE GOLDEN-MOUTH AMPULLARIA. Shell triangularly ovate, rotundately expanded at the globosely turbinated, scarcely umbilicated, spire base, bluish. somewhat exserted, whorls rounded, roughly Hab. Honduras. striated; blackish-chestnut; aperture ovate, lip bright The form of this species is quite peculiar, the last orange-red. whorl being unusually obliquely effused, more 132a LEA, MS., Mus. Cuming. 132b particularly towards the base. A globosely turbinated shell of solid structure and dark chestnut colour, with a pretty bright orange-red lip. Species 134. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) Species 132. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA SPRUCEI. Amp. testâ oblongo- AMPULLARIA NUX. Amp. testâ oblongo-conoideâ, conoideâ, solidâ, imperforatâ, spirâ plus minus solidâ, vix umbilicatâ, spirâ obtusè exsertâ, erosâ, anfractibus declivi-convexis, lævibus, haud anfractibus convexis, ad suturam declivibus et nitentibus; fulvo-olivaceâ, prope aperturam ob- obsoletè plicato-corrugatis; fulvo-castaneâ; scurè rufo-fasciatâ; aperturâ ovatâ, parviusculâ, aperturâ ovatâ, parviusculâ, labro columellari labro effuso, columellâ densè callosâ. 135a calloso-reflexo. SPRUCE’S AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-conoid, THE NUT AMPULLARIA. Shell oblong-conoid, solid, solid, imperforated, spire more or less eroded, scarcely umbilicated, spire obtusely exserted, whorls whorls slantingly convex, smooth, not shining; convex, slanting and obsoletely plicately wrinkled fulvous-olive, faintly red-banded near the apert- at the suture; fulvous-chestnut; aperture ovate, rat- ure; aperture ovate, rather small, lip effused, her small, columellar lip callously reflected. columella thickly callous. Hab. Bombay. Hab. Tarapoto, east side of the Andes; Spruce. A solid fulvous-chestnut shell of an oblong conoid form, This species has a paculiar Littorina-like aspect, with 133a with the columellar lip rather callously reflected. 133b the columellar lip callously reflected over the place of the umbilicus. Species 133. (Fig. a, b, Mus. Cuming.) AMPULLARIA AURIFORMIS. Amp. testâ compressè ovatâ, obliquè contortâ, Lymnææformi, tenui, Fig. 135. (Mus. De Burgh.) profundè umbilicatâ, spirâ parvâ, anfractibus convexis, striatis et malleatis, supernè obsoletè This interesting shell has been selected from the obtusè angulatis, anfractu ultimo conspicuè collection of Mrs. De Burgh, for sake of giving a more 135b effuso; intensè olivaceâ; aperturâ trigono-ovatâ, characteristic illustration of A. zonata of Spix than that basi rotundato-expensâ, cærulescente. represented at Pl. XII.

134a 134b December, 1856.

131b “Conchologia iconica: or illustrations of the shells of molluscous animals, 10, Ampullaria - Cancellaria - Littorina - Soletellina - Capsa - Capsella - Sanguinolaria - Psammobia - Psammotella - Mytilus - Modiola - Lithodomus - Avicula”

Lovell Augustus Reeve, London, ca 1843.

This electronic version of Conchologia iconica, L.A. Reeve is reconstructed from microslides obtained from the Teylersmuseum in Haarlem, The Netherlands (http://www.teylersmuseum.nl). The pictures are of poor quality and due to technical limitations, the resolution is rather low as well. Unfortunately, the text wasn’t much better, but luckely it was readable enough to reconstruct the whole chapter of the Ampullaria.

The following people assisted in making the text available in electronic format:

Kate DNA-Man John Moorman Eileen Winchester Pia Björkne-Bengtsson Danielle S Hatch Jodi Hoover

Editing and reconstruction: Stijn A.I. Ghesquiere, Applesnail.net.

The original lay-out of the book has been preserved as much as possible. No copyrights are claimed on this electronic version of Reeve’s book. Hopefully more and more old books become available in an electronic version.