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Westerly Magazine EATING EATING OUT OUT S FMelrose SF Melrose S EATING OUT SF Melrose '... a commanding and challenging first book, charting with intellectual scrupulousness and emotional honesty, what it means to be a 'woman~ an 'intellectual', a 'feminist', and a 'writer' in the last quarter of this century ... a debut volume to rank alongside Marion Campbell's LINES OF FLIGHT. Don Anderson $14.95 I FREMANTLE ARTS CENTRE PRESS WESTERLY a quarterly review ISSN 0043-342x EDITORS: Bruce Bennett, Peter Cowan, Dennis Haskell EDITORIAL ADVISORS: Margot Luke (prose), Delys Bird (poetry), Brenda Walker (reviews) EDITORIAL CONSULTANTS: Diana Brydon (University of Guelph), John Hay (Monash University ),Dorothy Hewett (Sydney ),Brian Matthews (Flinders University), Vincent 0' Sullivan (Victoria University, Wellington), Peter Porter (London), Anna Rutherford (University of Aarhus), Edwin Thumboo (National University of Singapore), Albert Wertheim (University of Indiana) ADMINISTRATOR: Caroline Horobin Westerly is published quarterly at the Centre for Studies in Australian Literature in the English Department, University of Western Australia with assistance from the Literature Board of the Australia Council, the Federal government's arts funding and advisory body, and the State Government ofW.A. through the Department for the Arts. The opinions expressed in Westerly are those of individual contributors and not of the Editors or Editorial Advisors. Correspondence should be addressed to the Editors, Westerly, Department of English, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009 (telephone (09) 380 2101). Unsolicited manuscripts not accom­ panied by a stamped self-addressed envelope will not be returned. All manuscripts must show the name and address of the sender and should be typed (double-spaced) on one side of the paper only. Whilst every care is taken of manuscripts, the editors can take no final responsibility for their return; contributors are consequently urged to retain copies of all work submitted. Minimum rates for contributors - poems $30,00; reviews $50.00; storiesl articles $80.00. Recommended sale price: $5.00 per copy (W.A.) Subscriptions: $20.00 per annum (posted); $35.00 for 2 years (posted). Special student subscription rate: $16.00 per annum (posted). Single copies mailed: $6.00. Subscriptions should be made payable to Westerly and sent to The Secretary, CSAL, Department of English, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009. Work published in Westerly is cited in: Abstracts of English Studies, Australian LiterQ/Y Studies Annual Bibliography, Australian National Bibliography, Journal of Commonwealth Literature Annual Bibliography, Arts and Humanities Citation Index, Current Contents/ Arts & Humanities, The Genuine Article, Modern Language Association of America Bibliography, The Year's Work in English Studies, and is indexed inAPlAS: Australian Public Affairs Information Service (produced by the National Library of Australia) and AUSTLIT, the Australian Literary On-Line Database. Three Westerly Indexes 1956-77, 1978-83 and 1984-88, are available at $5.00 each from the above address. Department for theArts Australia •Government of Western Australia WESTERLY, No.4, DECEMBER, 1991 2 WESTERLY, No.4, DECEMBER, 1991 CONTENTS WESTERLY VOLUME 36, No.4, DECEMBER 1991 STORIES Kashubian Lake Diary Michelle Mee 27 Away from Eden Deborah Zion 29 POEMS Alan Urquhart 24 Anthony Lawrence 72, 74 Ron Pretty 26 John Malone 73 Fiona Kidman 45 Peter McLester 82 Sue Nicholls 46 Graeme Wilson 84 Les A. Murray 70 Francis Healy 99 ARTICLES The Nature of Nature George Seddon 7 Against Beauty: Ecology and the Nature of Reading Ian Saunders 15 Environmental Populism Toby Miller 21 Women in the Wilderness: gender, landscape and Eliza Brown's letters and journal Delys Bird 33 Furphy and the Land: The Feminine as a Metaphor for Landscape Frances Devlin Glass 39 Ngarta's Story - as told to Pat Lowe Jinny (Ngarta) Bent 47 Journeys Through Landscape George Seddon 55 Windswept Branches: Simpson Newland's Images of Central Australia Graham White 63 Security and Violation: Randolph Stow's "The Merry-Go-Round in the Sea" John McLaren 75 Informed by Indifference: A Walk in Antarctica Barry Lope: 85 Peopled Landscapes: Original Australian land holding and land management in southwestern Australia Sylvia Hallam 89 The Environment: A "Bran Nue Dae" or a Very Ancient One? Veronica Brady 100 The "I" of the Beholder: Representations of Tuscany in Some Recent Australian Literature Laurie Hergenhan 107 REVIEWS Paul Hetherington, 'Acts Themselves Trivial' Andrew Burke 115 Geoffrey Bolton and Heather Vose, eds 'The Wollaston Journals, Vol. I 1840-1842' Peter Cowan 116 Roger Underwood, 'Leaves from the Forest'; 'Echoes from the Forest' Julie Lewis 118 Chris Wallace-Crabbe, 'For Crying Out Loud' Philip Salom 120 J. S. Beard, 'Plant Life of Western Australia' Margot Luke 121 CONTRIBUTORS 123 The editors of Westerly wish to thank Richard Woldendorp for the use of his photographs in this issue of Westerly. Cover: Plough patterns east of Northam (main photo), Virgin country south-east of Lake Argyle (background photo). Internal: Pages 48, 49, 59 and 60 as captioned. Cover design by Susan Eve Ellvey of Designpoint. Printed by Lamb Printers Pty Ltd. WESTERLY. No.4, DECEMBER, 1991 4 WESTERLY, No.4, DECEMBER, 1991 Eyeing the Environment - Editorial Comments Westerly has published one special issue each year, since 1986, concentrating on an important and sometimes neglected, aspect of Australian cultural life. The topics covered - the 1930s, Australian Expatriatism, Imaging Western Australia, Representations of Motherhood, Australian Suburbia - to some extent reflect our idiosyncratic initiatives and to some extent reflect the tenor of the times. The latter has never been more true than with this issue, "Eyeing the Environment". A recent W.A. Government notice prepared for Productivity Week, 1991 noted that "85 per cent of the industrialised world's citizens believe the environment to be the number one public issue". Everywhere in the developed world (at least) governments, companies, social organisations and individuals have become aware of the environment and the havoc we have brought about by presuming that nature was simply there for us to use. Having thought that it belonged to us we now find that we may belong to it. "Environmentalist" has joined "nature" and "natural" as a potent emotive word. This is so much the case that it may seem there is nothing to say about the environment beyond forebodings and clicMs. This issue of Westerly was prepared in the belief that there is a great deal still to be said, particularly about representations of the environment in literature and in culture generally. Nature, of course, has long been a fundamental subject of poetry and fiction, or at least a treasure house of images. This has been especially so in Australia, where the landscape has figured so prominently in literature and in the general consciousness of both the Aborigines and the white settlers. The Aborigines, it is now known, saw their own identity in relation to the land. By contrast, to some early white settlers the environment of Australia seemed merely an aberration. The Reverend Sydney Smith (1771-1845), for example, claimed that "in this remote part of the earth Nature (having made horses, oxen, ducks, geese, oaks, elms, and all regular and useful productions for the rest of the world) seems determined to have a bit of play, and to amuse herself as she pleases", a prospect which "mingled emotions of distress and delight". Even allowing for a bit of play on Rev. Smith's part, this attitude and phrasing had serious implications for what would be done by the new settlers to the natural environment and to its original inhabitants. Our representations of the land reveal the way that philosophical values impinge on our lives. This is the subject of George Seddon's opening essay, on the concept of "nature" and of the "natural". Seddon includes a brief history of the way in which nature has been conceptualised, ideas of butter meeting ideas of margarine. Ian Saunders examines the interpretive practices commonly brought to bear in our reading of nature, socially, in the arts and in politics. Toby Miller looks at WESTERLY, No.4, DECEMBER, 1991 5 popular reactions to environmentalism and to the politics of representing environmental issues in popular culture. In a way related to each of these essays, Delys Bird considers gender readings of the landscape, noting a political description of Kakadu National Park as almost "a tatty old tart". Frances Devlin Glass, co­ editor of the authoritative edition of Such is Life, analyses Furphy's mythologisation of the land, influenced by the feminising myths of the Irish. In essays with a particular focus, Graham White explores the writings of the ignored novelist, parliamentarian and all-round Renaissance man, Simpson Newland (1835-1925), and John McLaren looks again at Randolph Stow's The Merry-Go­ Round in the Sea. Newland's novels about white Australian pioneers recognise a power in the land which he considered central to the Australian mind. McLaren, one of the leading critics of Australian literature from a socio-political perspective, sees Rob Coram's search for a sense of harmony with the land as the only way of discovering harmony within himself. Shifting locations, Barry Lopez provides a brilliantly descriptive account of a visit to the intriguing but alien environment of Antarctica, while Laurie Hergenhan
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