Taxonomy of the Subgenus Ocypus Leach (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylinini) and Three New Species from China

Zootaxa 4312 (2): 293–310 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2017 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4312.2.5 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A167FBBF-CEEF-4BEC-88B4-CBB4238195E2 Taxonomy of the subgenus Ocypus Leach (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Staphylinini) and three new species from China

LIANG HE1 & HONG-ZHANG ZHOU2,3 1Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China 2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Rd., Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Three new species of the subgenus Ocypus s. str. of the genus Ocypus Leach, 1819 are described from South China: Ocy- pus (s. str.) liui sp. nov., Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov. and Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov. Line drawings and color illustrations of adults and genitalia of the new species, as well as of Ocypus (s. str.) rhoetus Smetana, 2007 and Ocypus (s. str.) weisei Harold, 1877 are given. A key to Chinese species of the subgenus Ocypus Leach, 1819 is provided.

Key words: Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Staphylinina, Ocypus, new species, China

Introduction

The genus Ocypus Leach, 1819 is a remarkable rove beetle group with large-sized and robust species and is attracting greater attention of coleopterists and taxonomists (Herman, 2001; Schülke & Smetana, 2015). As an early-erected genus-group taxon, Ocypus was treated as a subgenus of the genus Staphylinus L. for a long time (cf. Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914; Cameron, 1932; Scheerpeltz, 1933); its history of taxonomy and classification were thus nested with Staphylinus L. and some other closely related groups (Smetana & Davies, 2000; Herman, 2001). The modern classification of the subgenus Ocypus s. str., as well as the whole genus Ocypus Leach, 1819, was established in the excellent taxonomic work by Smetana and Davies (2000) and the improvement thereafter (e.g. Smetana, 2007, 2011), as was compiled in Herman (2001), Smetana (2005) and Schülke & Smetana (2015). In this classification, the genus Ocypus includes the following four subgenera, namely Ocypus s. str., Angulephallus Khachikov, 2005, Matidus Motschulsky, 1860, and Pseudocypus Mulsant & Rey, 1876. Our study is here concentrating on the Chinese fauna of the subgenus Ocypus s. str. According to Smetana and Davies (2000), 16 species were included in the subgenus Ocypus s. str. Some others were reported thereafter (Smetana, 2007, 2011). The world fauna of the subgenus Ocypus s. str. currently includes 21 species, with seven of them occurring in the territory of China. Here we describe three new species from China: Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov. Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov. and Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov., increasing the number of Chinese species to ten. All Chinese species are included in the key to species, and color photos and line drawings are provided for the new species reported here.

Material and methods

Dried specimens were placed in hot water at 70°C for about five hours to soften the beetle body structures. Abdominal segments VIII–X and the genitalia were then dissected with insect pins. The paramere in most Ocypus beetles was usually strongly sclerotized, so it was kept in 10% KOH solution for five minutes to lighten the color for subsequent observation and photography. The dissected parts were finally glued back to the mounting cards for

Accepted by A. Brunke: 6 Jul. 2017; published: 29 Aug. 2017 293 further study. Observation, dissection and measurements were performed under a stereo microscope (Zeiss Stemi 2000-C). Images of adults and genitalia were captured with an AxioCam MRc 5 camera attached to a Zeiss Axio Zoom.V16 Fluorescence Stereo Zoom Microscope, and photomontage was performed in Zen 2012 (blue edition) imaging software. Inkscape V0.91 was used to make the line drawings. Measurements are average values calculated from five available specimens; if the number of available specimens was less than five, then all the specimens were measured. Most specimens used in the study are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZ-CAS), and a few were from a private collection of Mr. Bin Liu (CBL).

The following abbreviations are used:

CL longitudinal diameter of eye; EL greatest length of elytra (from the humeral angle to the most distal margin of elytra); ELS length of elytra (measured along the suture from the apex of scutellum to the posterior margin); EW combined width of both elytra (elytra closed along suture); HL greatest length of head (measured from the frontal margin of head to the posterior angle of head, labrum and mouthparts not included); HW greatest width of head, including eyes; PO length of post-ocular region; PL greatest length of pronotum; PW greatest width of pronotum.

Taxonomy

Subgenus Ocypus Leach, 1819

Leach, 1819: 172 (species included: cyaneus); Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 374 (subgenus of Staphylinus; authorship as Stephens, 1832; world catalog); Cameron, 1932: 180 (subgenus of Staphylinus); Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1381 (subgenus of Staphylinus, catalog supplement); Shibata, 1973: 62 (checklist of species of Taiwan); Coiffait, 1974: 420 (key to species of the western Palearctic Region); Shibata, 1984: 87 (checklist of species of Japan); Smetana and Davies, 2000: 21, 31, 42 (characters; checklist of species of north temperate region); Herman, 2001: 3355 (world catalog); Smetana, 2004: 674 (Catalog of Palaearctic Region); Smetana, 2007: 443 (key to species of China); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1089 (Catalog of Palaearctic Region, including the synonyms Nudabemus and Xanthocypus).

Type species: Staphylinus cyaneus Paykull, 1789, fixed by original designation and monotypy. Syn.: Goerius Westwood, 1827: 58. Type species: Staphylinus olens O. Müller, 1764 by monotypy. Isopterum Gistel, 1856: 388. Type species: Staphylinus cyaneus Paykull, 1789, fixed by subsequent designation by Blackwelder, 1952: 2015. Nudabemus Coiffait, 1982b: 74. Type species Nudabemus caerulescens Coiffait, 1982, fixed by original designation. Xanthocypus J. Müller, 1925d: 40. Type species Ocypus weisei Harold, 1877.

The species of the subgenus Ocypus s. str. can be easily distinguished from those of other subgenera of the genus Ocypus by the following characteristics: last segment of maxillary palpi asetose; that of labial palpi setose, usually short, with truncate apex; body size relatively large (more than 15 mm), body color usually totally black; palpifer usually with three setae on apical portion; eyes small and tempora relatively long; genal seta at least four puncture diameters away from posterior margin of eye; sternite 9 of male genital segment with tapered basal portion rather short and wide. In the current taxonomy (Smetana and Davies, 2000; Herman, 2001; Smetana 2007; Schülke & Smetana, 2015), the subgenus Ocypus s. str. includes the synonyms Goerius Westwood, 1827, Isopterum Gistel, 1856, Nudabemus Coiffait, 1982, and Xanthocypus J. Müller, 1925. The taxonomic position of the name Xanthocypus was once challenged if it should be maintained within the subgenus Ocypus s. str. (Hayashi, 1993; Smetana 2007: “tentatively set aside as a possible junior synonym of Agelosus Sharp, 1889”), but this was not confirmed by later publications (Smetana, 2009; Schülke & Smetana, 2015). We therefore maintained it within the subgenus Ocypus s. str. and included here two Chinese species: Ocypus miwai (Bernhauer, 1943) and Ocypus weisei Harold, 1877.

1. Visible tergites 4 and 5 with yellow tomentose pubescence ...... 2 - Visible tergites 4 and 5 without yellow tomentose pubescence ...... 3 2. Dorsal surface of head covered with yellow tomentose pubescence ...... Ocypus (s. str.) weisei Harold, 1877 - Dorsal surface of head not covered with yellow tomentose pubescence ...... Ocypus (s. str.) miwai (Bernhauer, 1943) 3. Apical portion of median lobe simple in ventral view, finger like, not gradually narrowed toward apex (Figs. 1-2 F, 2-2 F, 3-2 F) ...... 4 - Apical portion of median lobe not finger like in ventral view ...... 6 4. Head narrow and elongate, only slightly wider than long (ratio<1.10) (Fig. 1-1 A); paramere without sensory peg setae (Figs. 1-1 D, 1-2 G) ...... Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov. - Head distinctly wider than long (ratio>1.20) ...... 5 5. Aedeagus shaped as in Figs. 3-1 B-C, 3-2 B-D; paramere reaching apex of median lobe ...... Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov. - Aedeagus shaped as in Figs. 2-1 B-C, 2-2 B-D; paramere not reaching apex of median lobe ...... Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov. 6. Aedeagus with apical portion of median lobe relatively wide, and paramere gradually narrowed towards apex; apical portion of paramere not covering either side of apical portion of median lobe in ventral view (Smetana, 2011, Fig. 8) ...... Ocypus (s. str.) puetzi Smetana, 2011 - Apical portions of paramere dilated into lancet-shape, or covers left side of apical portion of median lobe...... 7 7. Legs uniformly rufobrunneous. Apical portion of both median lobe and paramere dilated into lancet-shape (Smetana, 2007, Fig. 3). Aedeagus as in Smetana, 2007, Figs. 3, 4 ...... Ocypus (s. str.) umbro Smetana, 2007 - Legs predominantly dark. Apical portions of both median lobe and paramere not dilated into lancet-shape in ventral view . . . 8 8. Sensory peg setae on underside of paramere moderately numerous, mostly situated on apical portion of paramere, only a few situated on lateral margins (Smetana, 2007, Fig. 13). Aedeagus as in Smetana, 2007, Figs. 11-13...... Ocypus (s. str.) zopyrus Smetana, 2007 - Underside of paramere with numerous sensory peg setae, extending along lateral margins of paramere...... 9 9. Apical portion of paramere relatively narrow; groups of sensory peg setae on left and right margins rather close to each other (Smetana, 2007, Fig. 17); apical portion of median lobe long, narrow, with subacute apex (Smetana, 2007, Fig. 16). Aedeagus as in Smetana, 2007, Figs. 15-17 ...... Ocypus (s. str.) thericles Smetana, 2007 - Apical portion of median lobe wide, with subacute apex (Fig. 4-2 F). Paramere relatively wide, with obtuse apex; groups of sensory peg setae on left and right margins distinctly separated from each other (Figs. 4-1 D, 4-2 G). Aedeagus as in Figs. 4-1 B, C, 4-2 B-D ...... Ocypus (s. str.) rhoetus Smetana, 2007

1. Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov. (Figs. 1-1, 1-2, 1-3)

Type material. Holotype male, CHINA: Yunnan Province: Pingbian County, Dawei Mountain, 11.VI.2016, coll. Huan Yang (CBL). Paratype: CHINA: Yunnan Province: 1 female, same data as holotype (CBL). Measurements. Body length: 24.2-24.8 mm. CL: 0.86; EL: 3.90; ELS: 2.16; EW: 5.07; HL: 4.25; HW: 4.53; PO: 2.42; PL: 5.02; PW: 4.49. Description. Large-sized species. Body robust, entirely black; maxillary and labial palpi brunneous, antennae dark brunneous, with apical segments vaguely paler; legs black, with paler tibiae; protibiae and protarsi covered with dense brown pubescence; pubescence of dorsal side of head and pronotum black-rufous, and that of elytra and abdominal tergites are almost the same. Head rounded, quadrangular, only slightly wider than long (ratio 1.07), relatively narrower than congeners; tempora extremely long, with rounded posterior angles and very slightly narrowed towards basal parts. Eyes relatively small and slightly protruding, distinctly shorter than tempora (ratio 0.36) in dorsal view. Punctation and pubescence on dorsal surface of head relatively dense and fine, puncture intervals as long as or smaller than diameters of punctures; punctation gradually becoming sparser toward clypeus; impunctate midline vague, almost invisible in male, slightly more distinct in female. Gular sutures subcontiguous. Antenna moderately long, segment 3 longer than segment 2 (ratio 1.41), all the segments except segment 10 considerably longer than wide with a ratio greater than 1.90, segment 10 also longer than wide with a ratio of 1.31. Pronotum vaguely longer than wide (ratio 1.12), slightly narrowed anteriad from anterior third; narrow marginal groove disappearing downwards at anterior fourth of pronotal length; impunctate midline distinct, especially in female; punctation and pubescence on disc about the same as that on dorsal surface of head. Pronotal hypomeron lacking microsetae. Scutellum finely

TAXONOMY OF CHINESE OCYPUS S.STR. Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press · 295 punctate and setose on entire surface. Elytra short, vaguely dilated posteriad and moderately depressed at base; elytral length shorter than pronotum along midline, with a ratio of 0.43 along suture and a ratio of 0.78 along sides; elytral punctation much finer and denser than that on head disk, combined with very dense microsculpture. Wings reduced to nonfunctional stumps. Abdominal tergite 2 densely and finely punctate and pubescent; all visible abdominal tergites finely and densely punctate, punctation gradually becoming sparser and coarser toward apex of abdomen; no yellowish tomentose pubescence on visible tergites 4 and 5. Male. Abdominal sternite 8 with triangular medioapical emargination moderately wide and obtuse (Fig. 1-2 J). Sternite 9 with wide and obtuse apical emargination (Fig. 1-2 H). Tergite 10 moderately wide, evenly narrowed toward arcuate apex, densely setose; apical portion strongly sclerotized (Fig. 1-2 A). Aedeagus relatively short and simple, with wide finger-shaped apical portion (Figs. 1-1 B, C, 1-2 B-D); apical portion of paramere markedly asymmetrical, with short carina on face towards median lobe; no sensory peg setae on underside of paramere (Figs. 1-1 D, 1-2 G).

FIGURE 1-1. Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov.: A. habitus of species (2.0 mm); B. aedeagus, lateral view; (0.5 mm); C. aedeagus, ventral view (0.5 mm); D. underside of apical portion of paramere (0.5 mm); E. second gonocoxite of female genital segment (0.5 mm). (Scale in parentheses).

296 · Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press HE & ZHOU FIGURE 1-2. Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov.: A. male tergite 10; B and D. aedeagus, lateral view; C. aedeagus, ventral view; E. female tergite 10; F. apical portion of median lobe, ventral view, paramere removed; G. underside of apical portion of paramere; H. male sternite 9; I. second gonocoxite of female genital segment; J. male sternite 8 (Scale bars = 0.50 mm).

Female. Second gonocoxite moderately long, shaped as in Figs. 1-1 E, 1-2 I. Tergite 10 of female relatively wide, with apical portion strongly sclerotized, slightly narrowed toward arcuate apex, densely setose (Fig. 1-2 E). Distribution. Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov. is at present known only from the type locality. Notes. Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov. can easily be distinguished from other species by the ratio of length to width of head, and by the uniquely shaped aedeagus. The mandibles of the two known specimens of Ocypus (s. str.) liui sp. nov. show some difference. The apex of mandibles of male specimen are sharp, both with a small notch in middle portion near teeth; while the apex of mandibles of the female one are quite dull, without notches in middle portion (Figs. 1-3). Etymology. The species is named in honor of Mr. Bin Liu, the owner of the specimens, for his generous help with this study.

2. Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov. (Figs. 2-1, 2-2)

Type material. Holotype male, CHINA: Fujian Province: Chongan County, Xingcun, 1000-1200 m, 2.VI.1960, coll. Shengqiao Jiang (IZ-CAS). Measurements. Body length: 19.4 mm. CL: 0.91; EL: 4.09; ELS: 2.56; EW: 4.40; HL: 2.75; HW: 3.44; PO: 1.50; PL: 3.71; PW: 3.54. Description. Medium-sized species. Body robust, entirely black; maxillary and labial palpi brunneous; antennae black, with basal portion of segment 2 and segments 4 to 8 relatively paler, tending to be reddish-brown; legs black, with paler tibiae; protibiae and protarsi covered with dense brown pubescence; pubescence of dorsal side of head, pronotum, elytra and abdominal tergites black. Head of rounded quadrangular shape, wider than long (ratio 1.25), widest at about middle portion, with rounded posterior angles. Eyes moderately large and slightly protruding, considerably shorter than tempora (ratio 0.61) in dorsal view. Punctation and pubescence on dorsal surface of head relatively dense and fine, puncture intervals smaller than diameters of punctures; impunctate midline only vaguely present on posterior half of head. Gular sutures subcontiguous in middle and posterior portion. Antenna moderately long, segment 3 longer than segment 2 (ratio 1.32), segments 4 to 9 distinctly longer than wide, gradually becoming shorter, segment 10 slightly longer than wide, segment 11 shorter than segment 10. Pronotum about as long as wide (ratio 1.05), slightly narrowed anteriad from anterior fourth; narrow marginal groove disappearing downwards at anterior third of

298 · Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press HE & ZHOU pronotal length; disc with impunctate midline clearly present on anterior half, gradually becoming vaguer towards basal portion; punctation and pubescence on disc about same as that on dorsal surface of head. Pronotal hypomeron lacking microsetae. Scutellum finely punctate and setose on entire surface. Elytra relatively long, elytral length distinctly shorter (ratio 0.69) along suture but slightly longer (ratio 1.10) along sides than pronotum along midline, vaguely dilated posteriad and not depressed at base; punctation much finer and denser than that on disk of head, combined with very dense microsculpture. Wings fully developed. Abdominal tergite 2 with punctures and pubescence only along apical margin; all visible abdominal tergites finely and densely punctate and pubescent; no yellowish tomentose pubescence on visible tergites 4 and 5. Male. Abdominal sternite 8 with medioapical emargination shallow and obtuse (Fig. 2-2 H). Sternite 9 narrow and elongated, with deep and obtuse apical emargination (Fig. 2-2 G). Tergite 10 elongated, with shovel-like apical portion, sparsely setose (Fig. 2-2 E). Aedeagus elongate and simple, shaped as in Figs. 2-1 B, C, 2-2 B-D; apical portion of median lobe finger-like (Fig. 2-2 F); paramere simple, not reaching apex of median lobe, with apical portion asymmetrically rounded; sensory peg setae on underside of paramere closely arranged in apical portion, almost filling all the space of apex of paramere, not numerous (Figs. 2-1 D, 2-2 A).

FIGURE 2-1. Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov.: A. habitus of species (2.0 mm); B. aedeagus, lateral view; (0.5 mm); C. aedeagus, ventral view (0.5 mm); D. underside of apical portion of paramere (0.5 mm). (Scale in parentheses).

TAXONOMY OF CHINESE OCYPUS S.STR. Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press · 299 FIGURE 2-2. Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov.: A. underside of apical portion of paramere; B and D. aedeagus, lateral view; C. aedeagus, ventral view; E. male tergite 10; F. apical portion of median lobe, ventral view, paramere removed; G. male sternite 9; H. male sternite 8. (Scale bars = 0.50 mm).

300 · Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press HE & ZHOU Female. Unknown. Distribution. Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov. is at present known only from the type locality in the north of Fujian Province. Notes. Ocypus (s. str.) aglaosemanticus sp. nov. is most similar with Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov. in general habitus, but they can be distinguished by the differently shaped aedeagus; these two species also have totally different geographical distributions. Etymology. The species epithet is named from the combination of words "aglao-" (brilliant, shining) and "semantic" (clear, defined), which were originally derived from Greek terms.

3. Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov. (Figs. 3-1, 3-2)

Type material. Holotype male, CHINA: Sichuan Province: Baoxing County, Fengtongzhai, 9.VI.1997, coll. Hongzhang Zhou (IZ-CAS). Paratypes: CHINA: Sichuan Province: 1 female, same data as holotype; 1 male, Wolong, Gengda Town, 1845 m, larch forest, pitfall traps, 4-7.IX.2004, coll. Xiaodong Yu (IZ-CAS); 1 male, Lushan County, Shuangshi Town, 1165 m, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forest, pitfall traps, 29.VI- 5.VII.2001, coll. Xiaodong Yu, Hongzhang Zhou (IZ-CAS). Measurements. Body length: 23.2-24.5 mm. CL: 1.06; EL: 4.07; ELS: 2.38; EW: 4.70; HL: 3.26; HW: 3.97; PO: 1.57; PL: 3.95; PW: 4.06. Description. Large-sized species. Body robust, entirely dark grey; maxillary and labial palpi brunneous, antennae black, with apical segments vaguely paler, and segments 5-10 with both ends paler, tending to be reddish- brown; legs black, with slightly paler tibiae; protibiae and protarsi covered with very dense brown pubescence; pubescence on dorsal side of head, pronotum, elytra and abdominal tergites uniformly black. Head rounded, quadrangular, wider than long (ratio 1.22), widest at middle; posterior angles rounded. Eyes moderately large, distinctly shorter than tempora (ratio 0.68) in dorsal view, slightly protruding. Punctation and pubescence on dorsal surface of head relatively dense and fine, puncture intervals smaller than diameters of punctures; impunctate midline only present on posterior half of pronotal disc. Gular sutures subcontiguous in middle portion. Antenna moderately long, segment 3 longer than segment 2 (ratio 1.23), segments 4 to 9 distinctly longer than wide, gradually becoming shorter distad, segment 10 slightly wider than long, segment 11 about as long as segment 10. Pronotum as long as wide (ratio 0.97), slightly narrowed anteriad from anterior fourth; narrow marginal groove disappearing downwards at anterior third of pronotal length; disc with distinct and entire impunctate midline; punctation and pubescence on disc about same as that on dorsal surface of head, slightly finer. Pronotal hypomeron lacking microsetae. Scutellum finely punctate and setose on entire surface. Elytra relatively long, vaguely dilated posteriad and slightly depressed at base; elytra length along suture shorter than the length of pronotum along midline (ratio 0.62), but about as long as that along lateral sides; punctation much finer and denser than that on head disk, combined with very dense microsculpture. Wings fully developed. Abdominal tergite 2 punctate and pubescent only on posterior half; all visible abdominal tergites finely and densely punctate and pubescent; pubescence on abdominal tergites relatively long; no yellowish tomentose pubescence on visible tergites 4 and 5. Male. Abdominal sternite 8 elongate, with medioapical emargination wide and shallow (Fig. 3-2 J). Sternite 9 with wide and very deep, obtuse apical emargination (Fig. 3-2 H). Tergite 10 elongated, with shovel-like apical portion, sparsely setose (Fig. 3-2 A). Aedeagus relatively simple; apical portion of median lobe finger-like, with a horn like protuberance on left (ventral view) (Fig. 3-2 F); paramere simple, reaching apex of median lobe, with apical portion asymmetrically rounded; sensory peg setae on underside of paramere closely arranged on apical portion, not numerous (Figs. 3-1 D, 3-2 G). Female. Second gonocoxite shaped as in Figs. 3-1 E, 3-2 I. Tergite 10 slightly elongated, almost evenly narrowed toward subacute apex, shaped as in Fig. 3-2 E. Distribution. Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov. is at present known from three localities in central Sichuan Province. Since the hind wings of this species are fully developed, it may be more widely distributed than presently known. Notes. Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other species by the uniquely shaped aedeagus, particularly by the special shaped median lobe and relatively long paramere.

TAXONOMY OF CHINESE OCYPUS S.STR. Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press · 301 Etymology. The species epithet is named from the combination of terms "ptero-" (wing, feather) and "semantic" (clear, defined), which were originally derived from Greek words.

FIGURE 3-1. Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov.: A. habitus of species (2.0 mm); B. aedeagus, lateral view; (0.5 mm); C. aedeagus, ventral view (0.5 mm); D. underside of apical portion of paramere (0.5 mm); E. second gonocoxite of female genital segment (0.5 mm). (Scale in parentheses).

302 · Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press HE & ZHOU FIGURE 3-2. Ocypus (s. str.) pterosemanticus sp. nov.: A. male tergite 10; B and D. aedeagus, lateral view; C. aedeagus, ventral view; E. female tergite 10; F. apical portion of median lobe, ventral view, paramere removed; G. underside of apical portion of paramere; H. male sternite 9; I. second gonocoxite of female genital segment; J. male sternite 8. (Scale bars = 0.50 mm).

Smetana, 2007:447 (subgenus Ocypus; Type locality: China: Sichuan, Erlang Shan); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1090 (subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Material examined. CHINA: Sichuan Province: 3 males, 3 females, Erlang Mountain, 2800 m, pinus forest, 6- 7.VII.2001, coll. Xiaodong Yu, Hongzhang Zhou (IZ-CAS); 4 males, 4 females, Erlang Mountain, 2800 m, pinus forest, 6-7.VII.2001, coll. Xiaodong Yu, Hongzhang Zhou (IZ-CAS). Measurements. Body length: 24.2-27.9 mm. CL: 0.77; EL: 3.62; ELS: 1.85; EW: 4.38; HL: 3.52; HW: 4.58; PO: 2.09; PL: 4.72; PW: 4.04. Distribution. Ocypus rhoetus Smetana is at present known only from Sichuan province (Erlang Mountain) in southwestern China.

FIGURE 4-1. Ocypus (s. str.) rhoetus Smetana, 2007: A. habitus of species (2.0 mm); B. aedeagus, lateral view; (0.5 mm); C. aedeagus, ventral view (0.5 mm); D. underside of apical portion of paramere (0.5 mm); E. second gonocoxite of female genital segment (0.5 mm). (Scale in parentheses).

304 · Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press HE & ZHOU FIGURE 4-2. Ocypus (s. str.) rhoetus Smetana, 2007: A. male tergite 10; B and D. aedeagus, lateral view; C. aedeagus, ventral view; E. female tergite 10; F. apical portion of median lobe, ventral view, paramere removed; G. underside of apical portion of paramere; H. male sternite 9; I. second gonocoxite of female genital segment; J. male sternite 8. (Scale bars = 0.50 mm).

Harold, 1877: 344 (Type locality: Tokio); Sharp, 1889: 109 (Japan); Bernhauer and Schubert, 1914: 391 (Staphylinus; subgenus Ocypus; catalog); Scheerpeltz, 1933: 1404 (Staphylinus; catalog); Nakane, 1963: 93 (Ocypus; habitus photograph; Japan); Yuh, Paik, Kwon, and Lee, 1985: 246 (Ocypus; Korea); Hayashi, 1993: 298 (Agelosus); Watanabe, 1995: 75 (Ocypus; China); Smetana and Davies, 2000: 31, 42 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus); Herman, 2001: 3421 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus; Catalog); Smetana, 2004: 676 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1090 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Material examined. CHINA: Beijing Municipality: 28 males, 30 females, Haidian District, Jiufeng National Forest Park, 8-14.VII.1997, coll. Haisheng Zhou (IZ-CAS); 3 males, 5 females, Haidian District, Jiufeng National Forest Park, 11-18.VIII.1997, coll. Haisheng Zhou (IZ-CAS); 8 males, 7 females, Yingtaogou, 2-7.VII.1997, coll. Haisheng Zhou (IZ-CAS); 3 males, 5 females, Yingtaogou, 10-16.VII.1997, coll. Haisheng Zhou (IZ-CAS); 6 males, 7 females, Yingtaogou, 30.VII-6.VIII.1997, coll. Haisheng Zhou (IZ-CAS); 2 males, 3 females, Yingtaogou, 13-20.VIII.1997, coll. Haisheng Zhou (IZ-CAS); 1 male, Xiaolongmen Village, north of ecology station, 1150 m, Chinese pine forest, pitfall traps, 15.VI.2002, coll. Wenjuan Zhou (IZ-CAS). Measurements. Body length: 18.5-21.5 mm. CL: 0.90; EL: 4.35; ELS: 2.41; EW: 4.75; HL: 2.98; HW: 3.36; PO: 1.30; PL: 3.86; PW: 3.64. Distribution. Ocypus weisei is at present known from China (Beijing Municipality and Liaoning Province), Japan, North Korea and South Korea.

6. Ocypus (s. str.) miwai (Bernhauer, 1943)

Bernhauer, 1943: 178 (Staphylinus; subgenus Xanthocypus; Type locality: Formosa: Nokosan; Numanohira); Smetana and Davies, 2000: 42 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus); Herman, 2001: 3388 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus; Catalog); Smetana, 2004: 676 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1089 (Ocypus; subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Distribution. Ocypus miwai is at present known only from Taiwan.

7. Ocypus (s. str.) puetzi Smetana, 2011

Smetana, 2011:408 (subgenus Ocypus; Type locality: China: Sichuan: Daxueshan); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1090 (subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Distribution. Ocypus puetzi is at present known only from Daxueshan in Sichuan, China.

8. Ocypus (s. str.) thericles Smetana, 2007

Smetana, 2007: 450 (subgenus Ocypus; Type locality: China: W–Sichuan; Jintiang); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1090 (subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Distribution. Ocypus thericles is at present known only from western Sichuan, China.

9. Ocypus (s. str.) umbro Smetana, 2007

Smetana, 2007: 444 (subgenus Ocypus; Type locality: China: Sichuan: Kangding); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1090 (subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Distribution. Ocypus umbro is at present known only from central and northern Sichuan, China.

306 · Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press HE & ZHOU FIGURE 5-1. Ocypus (s. str.) weisei Harold, 1877: A. habitus of species (2.0 mm); B. aedeagus, lateral view; (0.5 mm); C. aedeagus, ventral view (0.5 mm); D. underside of apical portion of paramere (0.5 mm); E. second gonocoxite of female genital segment (0.5 mm). (Scale in parentheses).

10. Ocypus (s. str.) zopyrus Smetana, 2007

Smetana, 2007: 448 (subgenus Ocypus; Type locality: China: Sichuan; Hailuogou); Schülke & Smetana, 2015: 1090 (subgenus Ocypus; Catalog of Palaearctic Region).

Distribution. Ocypus zopyrus is at present known only from Gongga Shan in Sichuan.

TAXONOMY OF CHINESE OCYPUS S.STR. Zootaxa 4312 (2) © 2017 Magnolia Press · 307 FIGURE 5-2. Ocypus (s. str.) weisei Harold, 1877: A. male tergite 10; B and D. aedeagus, lateral view; C. aedeagus, ventral view; E. female tergite 10; F. apical portion of median lobe, ventral view, paramere removed; G. underside of apical portion of paramere; H. male sternite 9; I. second gonocoxite of female genital segment; J. male sternite 8. (Scale bars = 0.50 mm).

We are very grateful to Dr. A. Smetana (Ottawa, Canada) for sending literature valuable to this study. We also want to thank Mr. Bin Liu (Beijing, China) for allowing us to use the specimens in his private collection. We also want to thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions to improve the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC-31472036, NSFC-61627810), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2015FY210300) and a grant from the Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution of CAS (No. Y229YX5105).

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