Le Facteur Cheval

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Le Facteur Cheval Spectacle crée par la Forge, l’Arfi, le Palais Idéal du Facteur Cheval, Jazz RA(s) et Jazz à Vienne • Coproduction CAPV et Service scolaire de la ville de Vienne, avec le soutien du Club Jazz Entreprises et de l’Inspection Académique. Présentent Le Facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais Le projet de la triple rencontre musicale entre les collectifs de la Forge, de l’Arfi et du Facteur Cheval Création Jeune Public Au Théâtre Antique de Vienne Mardi 28 Juin 2011 1 Vous trouverez dans cette présentation un dossier construit de la façon suivante : - Un descriptif général du projet - Une petite biographie de Ferdinand Cheval (le Facteur Cheval) et son œuvre - La présentation de l‟Arfi, de la Forge, et de ses musiciens intervenants - Quelques notions sur la musique jazz Renseignements : Benjamin Tanguy, Léo Leroux : 04 74 78 87 87, [email protected] Bureau de Production : 21, rue des célestes – 38200 Vienne - Une partie pédagogique produite par Joëlle Gonzalez, conseillère pédagogique en éducation musicale, en partenariat avec les intervenants en musique de la CAPV, qui regroupe des pistes de travail approfondies que les professeurs pourront utiliser avec les enfants. Renseignements : Joëlle Gonzalez, conseillère pédagogique en éducation musicale [email protected] - Le secteur musique et cinéma de la bibliothèque municipale de Vienne propose une liste de livres, CD et DVD pour accompagner les professeurs et enfants dans la découverte des univers du Palais Idéal du Facteur Cheval et des artistes participant à la Création Jeune Public 2011. Renseignements : Odile Notot : 04 74 85 07 27 Bibliothèque de Vienne : Place Miremont– 38200 Vienne 2 Dossier pédagogique – Le facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais – Jazz à Vienne 2011 Sommaire L‟IDEE 4 BIOGRAPHIE FERDINAND CHEVAL 6 L‟ARFI 8 LA FORGE 9 LES MUSICIENS ET LEURS INSTRUMENTS 10 LE JAZZ : QUELQUES NOTIONS 15 QUELQUES PISTES PEDAGOGIQUES 17 LIVRES, CD, DVD 23 3 Dossier pédagogique – Le facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais – Jazz à Vienne 2011 L'idée Tous les élèves des écoles de Vienne et de la CAPV (Communauté d‟Agglomération des Pays Viennois) sont conviés à venir découvrir gratuitement la Création Jeune Public : « Le Facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais » le Mardi 28 Juin 2011 pour une matinée de concert interactive. Depuis maintenant 7 ans, Jazz à Vienne ouvre le festival avec un spectacle à destination des enfants du pays viennois. Ainsi, 6000 enfants des classes primaires envahissent les gradins du théâtre antique pour un moment riche en émotion et en musique. Cette année le festival a participé avec l‟ARFI et la Forge à la réalisation d‟une création autours de l‟univers de Ferdinand Cheval afin de leur faire découvrir l‟œuvre onirique de ce personnage atypique. L‟idée est de sensibiliser le jeune public à la musique jazz, tout en offrant la possibilité aux artistes de créer un spectacle interactif et ludique, le but étant de transmettre un savoir, un parcours musical et de valoriser un patrimoine culturel dans une ambiance chaleureuse. Enseigner, partager, transmettre, mais aussi comprendre, ressentir, se sensibiliser, voilà les objectifs de ce projet original et ambitieux dédié aux enfants. Spectacle co-produit par Jazz à Vienne, la CAPV et le service scolaire de la Ville de Vienne avec le soutien de Jazz(s)RA, du Club Jazz entreprises et de l‟Inspection Académique, il s‟agit ici d‟organiser une rencontre conviviale et divertissante. Projet Artistique « Les petits cailloux font les grands palais » Tels des petits cailloux, nous ramasserons, glanerons les objets sonores trouvés en chemin, retenus pour leurs seuls attraits saugrenus et poétiques. Petites formes hétéroclites au départ, ces objets se verront accumulés selon un ordre connu de nous seuls, puis ordonnés, maçonnés en un tout cohérent et singulier propre à la réalisation du concert… Démarche L'image de musiciens apportant leur pierre à l‟édifice, leurs pièces, leurs idées, même sommaires, en les confrontant de manière ludique… puis, prenant le temps de choisir, par essais successif, sous quelle forme ils aimeraient que cette "Facteur idéal's Suite " soit construite. Des petites pièces aux titres évocateurs comme : «A pied pendant des heures», «Ramassage# 1», «Des cailloux plein les poches », «Ramassage#2», 4 Dossier pédagogique – Le facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais – Jazz à Vienne 2011 «Les poches de l'architecte» formeront des parties plus grandes (comme le faisait notre Facteur) : «la Facade Est»,"le Temple de la nature", "la Source de la sagesse" , "les 3 Géants" ou "le Tombeau du silence et du repos sans fin". Nous nous attacherons à utiliser des instruments sommaires, voire rustiques en plus des nôtres. Le traitement sonore sera judicieux et mesuré. Les petites pièces musicales seront simples pour privilégier la rencontre et l'improvisation entre les musiciens de La Forge et de l'Arfi. La création musicale Celle ci sera mise en œuvre comme une suite musicale dans un rapport simple entre la voix (textes, chansons), la musique et les projections des images sur les écrans entourant la scène. La création pourrait prendre son point de départ avec la lettre du Facteur Cheval mentionnant la découverte de son premier caillou. Le caillou qui sera l‟élément de base pour entrer dans un imaginaire où participent d‟autres éléments naturels qui ont fait partie de la vie itinérante du Facteur : les pierres, l‟eau, le vent, les graviers, … éléments naturels permanents des tournées du Facteur dont la musique reflètera cette ambiance persistante, avec des parties musicales intervenant comme leitmotiv. Les lettres et cartes postales, forme épistolaire du spectacle, feront intervenir les contemporains du Facteur (écrivains, poètes, …) et viendront comme des jalons à ses constructions dont la musique sera nourrie par l‟imaginaire des monuments exotiques puisant aux mythologies Indoues et Egyptiennes découvertes au public de l‟époque. La musique sera faite, dans son écriture et ses parties improvisées, de cette journée du Facteur Cheval, répétitive jusqu‟à l‟obsessionnel, de tournées quotidiennes dont le chemin sera l „élément constitutif : la marche, la collecte des pierres, les courriers lus, l‟évasion dans un imaginaire fantasmagorique, puis les dessins, le façonnage, les réalisations qui à partir d‟éléments basiques et simples atteignent ensuite au merveilleux. L‟instrumentarium utilisé sera varié, permettant de créer de petits orchestres avec différents timbres à l‟intérieur de l‟ensemble musical. 5 Dossier pédagogique – Le facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais – Jazz à Vienne 2011 Ferdinand Cheval (1836 – 1924)… "Fils de paysan je veux vivre et mourir pour prouver que dans ma catégorie il y a aussi des hommes de génie et d'énergie. Vingt- neuf ans je suis resté facteur rural. Le travail fait ma gloire et l'honneur mon seul bonheur; à présent voici mon étrange histoire. Où le songe est devenu, quarante ans après, une réalité." Ferdinand CHEVAL, 15 mars 1905 FERDINAND CHEVAL est né le 19 avril 1836 à Charmes-sur-l‟Herbasse (Drôme). Fils de petit cultivateur, rien ne le prédestine à la réalisation d‟une œuvre qui lui permettra de passer à la postérité. Le 12 juillet 1867, il est officiellement nommé facteur. En 1869, il est affecté à Hauterives, à une douzaine de kilomètres de son village natal, ayant en charge la « tournée de Tersanne », une tournée pédestre quotidienne de 33 km. Dès le début de ses longues tournées, qui n'avaient pas le même rythme que les tournées cyclistes ou motorisées d'un « préposé » rural du XXIe siècle, il occupe ses heures de randonnée à de longues rêveries au cours desquelles il bâtit un « palais féérique », rêveries qui ne commenceront à être concrétisées qu'une dizaine d'années plus tard Rêve de pierre Lieu unique, à nul autre pareil, tout droit sorti de l‟imagination vagabonde d‟un facteur de campagne, le Palais idéal est un hymne au génie de la nature. Une nature qu‟en 1879 Ferdinand Cheval côtoie chaque jour durant ses longues tournées à pied. Une nature dont le spectacle lui procure un bonheur intense et dont il va s‟inspirer pour se mettre à l‟ouvrage. Selon ses souvenirs, en avril 1879, durant l'une de ses tournées, le pied du facteur bute contre une pierre, manquant de le faire tomber sur le chemin. Son œil ayant été attiré par la forme curieuse de la pierre, il la ramasse et la glisse dans l'une de ses poches avec l'intention de la regarder plus tard à tête reposée. Dès le lendemain, repassant au même lieu, il constate la présence d'autres pierres ayant des formes encore plus singulières et, à son goût, plus belles que celle qu'il avait trouvée la veille. Il se fait alors la réflexion que, puisque la nature pouvait « faire de la sculpture », il pourrait très bien lui-même, fort de ses longues rêveries préparatoires, se faire architecte, maître d'œuvre et ouvrier dans la construction d'un « Palais idéal ». 6 Dossier pédagogique – Le facteur Idéal du Cheval Palais – Jazz à Vienne 2011 Durant les 33 années qui suivent, Ferdinand Cheval ne cesse de choisir des pierres durant sa tournée quotidienne, les portant d'abord dans ses poches, puis se munissant d'un panier, voire d'une brouette en certaines occasions. Revenu à son domicile, il passe de longues heures à la mise en œuvre de son rêve, travaillant de nuit à la lueur d'une lampe à pétrole. Il est alors considéré comme un excentrique par les gens du cru, qui ne disposent pas de la vision d'ensemble qu'avait l'architecte. Le travail fait ma gloire De la première à la dernière pierre, l‟homme construit son rêve d‟éternité, inlassablement : 93 000 heures, 10 000 journées, 33 ans. Imperturbable, le facteur n‟a que faire des moqueries des uns, vite balayées par les encouragements des autres.
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