Studies Towards Purification of Auger Electron Emitter Er
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Recent Advances in Multi-Modality Molecular Imaging of Small Animals
8/3/2016 Recent Advances in Multi-modality Molecular Imaging of Small Animals Benjamin M. W. Tsui, Ph.D. Department of Radiology August 3, 2016 1 Outline Introduction Early developments of molecular imaging (MI) of small animals (SA) Development of multi-modality MI of SA – Instrumentation – Image reconstruction and processing methods Recent advances Comparing Biomedical Imaging Techniques US MRI X-ray CT SPECT PET OPTICAL Anatomical Yes Yes Yes No No No Functional Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes Resolution Sub- Sub- Sub- <1 mm ~1 mm Sub- millimeter millimeter millimeter (0.6 – 0.3mm) micron Molecular No Good No Excellent Excellent Excellent Target Molecular targeting No Poor No Good Excellent Poor sensitivity Translational Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 1 8/3/2016 Traditional Nuclear Medicine Imaging Techniques an important function imaging modality Activity labels tracer or biomarkers w/ radioisotope distribution administers radio-tracer into patient Gamma detects photon emissions using position- photons sensitive detectors Collimator Provides localization & biodistribution information of radiotracers - e.g., perfusion, potassium analog, monoclonal antibody Scintillation Clinical applications crystal Scintillation - e.g., cardiac and kidney functions, cancer Camera Positioning Photomultiplier detection, neurological disorders circuitry tube array EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (ECT) an important function imaging modality Nuclear imaging combined with computed tomography (Image reconstruction from multiple projections) Categories of ECT - PET -
Preclinical SPECT Imaging Based on Compact Collimators and High Resolution Scintillation Detectors
Preklinische SPECT-beeldvorming gebaseerd op compacte collimatoren en hogeresolutiescintillatiedetectoren Preclinical SPECT Imaging Based on Compact Collimators and High Resolution Scintillation Detectors Karel Deprez Promotoren: prof. dr. S. Vandenberghe, prof. dr. R. Van Holen Proefschrift ingediend tot het behalen van de graad van Doctor in de Ingenieurswetenschappen Vakgroep Elektronica en Informatiesystemen Voorzitter: prof. dr. ir. J. Van Campenhout Faculteit Ingenieurswetenschappen en Architectuur Academiejaar 2013 - 2014 ISBN 978-90-8578-672-6 NUR 954, 959 Wettelijk depot: D/2014/10.500/18 Department of Electronics and Information Systems Medical Image and Signal Processing (MEDISIP) Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Ghent University MEDISIP IBiTech Campus Heymans, Blok B De Pintelaan 185 9000 Ghent Belgium Promotors Prof. dr. Stefaan Vandenberghe Prof. dr. Roel Van Holen Board of examiners Prof. dr. ir. Patrick De Baets, Ghent University, chairman Dr. Michael Tytgat, Ghent University / CERN, secretary Prof. dr. Luc Van Hoorebeke, Ghent University Prof. dr. Dennis Schaart, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands Prof. dr. Carlo Fiorini, Politecnico di Milano, Italy Dr. Samuel Espana˜ Palomares, Advanced Imaging Unit, Centro Nacional de Inves- tigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Spain Dr. Peter Bruyndonckx, Bruker MicroCT, Belgium This work was supported by the 7th Framework Programme (FP7) of the European Union through the SUBLIMA project (Grant Agreement No 241711) Acknowledgements The work presented in this dissertation started in 2008, shortly after the birth of my daughter, and was finished in early 2014. Before I started at the university I had been working for several years as a electronics design engineer at Barco and Gemidis. The first thing that struck me when I started at the university was the content of my work. -
CROSS SECTIONS of (N,P), (N,Α), (N,2N) REACTIONS on ISOTOPES
CROSS SECTIONS OF (n, p), (n, α), (n, 2n) REACTIONS ON ISOTOPES OF Dy, Er, Yb AT En= 14.6 MEV А.O. Kadenko, O.M. Gorbachenko, V.A. Plujko, G.I. Primenko Nuclear Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University, Kyiv, Ukraine Abstract The cross sections of the neutron reactions at En= 14.6 MeV on the isotopes of Dy, Er, Yb with emission of neutrons, proton and alpha-particle were studied by the use of new experimental data and different theoretical approaches. New and improved experimental data were obtained by the neutron- activation technique. Present experimental results and evaluated nuclear data from EXFOR, TENDL, ENDF data libraries were compared with different systematics and calculations within codes of EMPIRE 3.0 and TALYS 1.2. Contribution of pre-equilibrium decay was studied. The recommendations on validity of different systematics for estimations of cross-sections of considered reactions are given. 1. Introduction Studies of the nuclear reaction cross sections induced by neutrons provides an opportunity to get information on the excited states of atomic nuclei and nuclear reaction mechanisms [1]. In addition, nuclear reaction cross section data are necessary in applied applications such as the design of fusion reactors protection and modernization of existing nuclear power plants [2, 3]. In particular, they allow to calculate the activity and the degree of radiation damage to structural elements of nuclear reactors [3]. Practical interest in cross sections of nuclear reactions caused by their wide use in experimental nuclear physics methods, such as the method of boundary indicators in measuring the spectrum of neutrons in the reactor core of a nuclear reactor, or neutron activation analysis. -
The Elements.Pdf
A Periodic Table of the Elements at Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos National Laboratory's Chemistry Division Presents Periodic Table of the Elements A Resource for Elementary, Middle School, and High School Students Click an element for more information: Group** Period 1 18 IA VIIIA 1A 8A 1 2 13 14 15 16 17 2 1 H IIA IIIA IVA VA VIAVIIA He 1.008 2A 3A 4A 5A 6A 7A 4.003 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 Li Be B C N O F Ne 6.941 9.012 10.81 12.01 14.01 16.00 19.00 20.18 11 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 3 Na Mg IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB ------- VIII IB IIB Al Si P S Cl Ar 22.99 24.31 3B 4B 5B 6B 7B ------- 1B 2B 26.98 28.09 30.97 32.07 35.45 39.95 ------- 8 ------- 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 4 K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr 39.10 40.08 44.96 47.88 50.94 52.00 54.94 55.85 58.47 58.69 63.55 65.39 69.72 72.59 74.92 78.96 79.90 83.80 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 5 Rb Sr Y Zr NbMo Tc Ru Rh PdAgCd In Sn Sb Te I Xe 85.47 87.62 88.91 91.22 92.91 95.94 (98) 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3 55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 6 Cs Ba La* Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt AuHg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn 132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.9 186.2 190.2 190.2 195.1 197.0 200.5 204.4 207.2 209.0 (210) (210) (222) 87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116 118 7 Fr Ra Ac~RfDb Sg Bh Hs Mt --- --- --- --- --- --- (223) (226) (227) (257) (260) (263) (262) (265) (266) () () () () () () http://pearl1.lanl.gov/periodic/ (1 of 3) [5/17/2001 4:06:20 PM] A Periodic Table of the Elements at Los Alamos National Laboratory 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 Lanthanide Series* Ce Pr NdPmSm Eu Gd TbDyHo Er TmYbLu 140.1 140.9 144.2 (147) 150.4 152.0 157.3 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 Actinide Series~ Th Pa U Np Pu AmCmBk Cf Es FmMdNo Lr 232.0 (231) (238) (237) (242) (243) (247) (247) (249) (254) (253) (256) (254) (257) ** Groups are noted by 3 notation conventions. -
Periodic Table of Elements
The origin of the elements – Dr. Ille C. Gebeshuber, www.ille.com – Vienna, March 2007 The origin of the elements Univ.-Ass. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. Ille C. Gebeshuber Institut für Allgemeine Physik Technische Universität Wien Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10/134 1040 Wien Tel. +43 1 58801 13436 FAX: +43 1 58801 13499 Internet: http://www.ille.com/ © 2007 © Photographs of the elements: Mag. Jürgen Bauer, http://www.smart-elements.com 1 The origin of the elements – Dr. Ille C. Gebeshuber, www.ille.com – Vienna, March 2007 I. The Periodic table............................................................................................................... 5 Arrangement........................................................................................................................... 5 Periodicity of chemical properties.......................................................................................... 6 Groups and periods............................................................................................................. 6 Periodic trends of groups.................................................................................................... 6 Periodic trends of periods................................................................................................... 7 Examples ................................................................................................................................ 7 Noble gases ....................................................................................................................... -
The Radioactivity of Some Ruthenium and Erbium
THE RADIOACTIVITY OF SOME RUTHENIUM AND ERBIUM ISOTOPES DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By BASANT LAL SHARMA, B. Sc., M. Sc. The Ohio State University 1959 Approved by: " - y n - L . t o J Z ------------------ x a s i s e r ----------^ -------- Department of Physics and Astronomy Acknowledgm ent I take this opportunity to express my sincere appreciation to Professor M. L. Pool for his interest, suggestions, and encouragement throughout this work. Table of Contents Page General Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 Instrumentation ................................................................................................................................ PART I RADIOACTIVE DECAY OF Ru106 AND THE ESTIMATION OF THE THERMAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION CROSS SECTION OF Ru105 Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 8 Experimental D ata............................................................................................. 11 Calculation of the Thermal Neutron Activation Cross Section of R u ^ ^.....................................................................................................23 Results and Discussion............................................................................................... 28 Bibliography ........................................... -
Imaging Technologies for Preclinical Models of Bone and Joint Disorders
Tremoleda et al. EJNMMI Research 2011, 1:11 http://www.ejnmmires.com/content/1/1/11 REVIEW Open Access Imaging technologies for preclinical models of bone and joint disorders Jordi L Tremoleda1*, Magdy Khalil1, Luke L Gompels2, Marzena Wylezinska-Arridge1, Tonia Vincent2 and Willy Gsell1 Abstract Preclinical models for musculoskeletal disorders are critical for understanding the pathogenesis of bone and joint disorders in humans and the development of effective therapies. The assessment of these models primarily relies on morphological analysis which remains time consuming and costly, requiring large numbers of animals to be tested through different stages of the disease. The implementation of preclinical imaging represents a keystone in the refinement of animal models allowing longitudinal studies and enabling a powerful, non-invasive and clinically translatable way for monitoring disease progression in real time. Our aim is to highlight examples that demonstrate the advantages and limitations of different imaging modalities including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and optical imaging. All of which are in current use in preclinical skeletal research. MRI can provide high resolution of soft tissue structures, but imaging requires comparatively long acquisition times; hence, animals require long-term anaesthesia. CT is extensively used in bone and joint disorders providing excellent spatial resolution and good contrast for bone imaging. Despite its excellent structural assessment of mineralized structures, CT does not provide in vivo functional information of ongoing biological processes. Nuclear medicine is a very promising tool for investigating functional and molecular processes in vivo with new tracers becoming available as biomarkers. -
Hybrid Gamma Camera Imaging: Translation from Bench to Bedside
Hybrid Gamma Camera Imaging: Translation from Bench to Bedside A thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Aik Hao Ng MMed.Phys. Radiological Sciences, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine September 2017 Declaration I, Aik Hao Ng declare that the work presented in this thesis is my own original work based on the research undertaken during my PhD study period unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. ii “Life is like riding a bicycle. To keep your balance, you must keep moving.” - Albert Einstein Abstract There is increasing interest in the use of small field of view (SFOV) portable gamma cameras in medical imaging. A novel hybrid optical-gamma camera (HGC) has been developed through a collaboration between the Universities of Leicester and Nottingham. This system offers high resolution gamma and optical imaging and shows potential for use at the patient bedside, or in the operating theatre. The aim of this thesis was to translate the HGC technology from in vitro laboratory studies to clinical use in human subjects. Pilot studies were undertaken with the HGC as part of this thesis. Furthermore, efforts have been made to transform the HGC technologies into a new medical device, known as Nebuleye. Initial physical evaluation of the pre-production prototype camera was carried out as part of the device developmental process, highlighting some aspects of the design that require further modification. A complete and rigorous testing scheme to assess the pre-production prototype camera has been developed and successfully implemented. The newly introduced tests enabled the system uniformity, system sensitivity, detector head shielding leakage, optical-gamma image alignment and optical image quality of the hybrid camera to be assessed objectively. -
First Search for $2\Varepsilon $ and $\Varepsilon\Beta^+ $ Decay Of
First search for 2ε and εβ+ decay of 162Er and new limit on 2β− decay of 170Er to the first excited level of 170Yb P. Bellia, R. Bernabeia,b,1, R.S. Boikoc,d, F. Cappellae, V. Caracciolof , R. Cerullia, F.A. Danevichc, A. Incicchittie,g, B.N. Kropivyanskyc, M. Laubensteinf , S. Nisif , D.V. Podac,h, O.G. Polischukc, V.I. Tretyakc aINFN sezione Roma “Tor Vergata”, I-00133 Rome, Italy bDipartimento di Fisica, Universita` di Roma “Tor Vergata”, I-00133 Rome, Italy cInstitute for Nuclear Research, 03028 Kyiv, Ukraine dNational University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, 03041 Kyiv, Ukraine eINFN sezione Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy f INFN, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, I-67100 Assergi (AQ), Italy gDipartimento di Fisica, Universita` di Roma “La Sapienza”, I-00185 Rome, Italy hCSNSM, Universit´eParis-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Universit´eParis-Saclay, 91405 Orsay, France Abstract The first search for double electron capture (2ε) and electron cap- arXiv:1808.01782v1 [nucl-ex] 6 Aug 2018 ture with positron emission (εβ+) of 162Er to the ground state and to several excited levels of 162Dy was realized with 326 g of highly purified erbium oxide. The sample was measured over 1934 h by the ultra-low background HP Ge γ spectrometer GeCris (465 cm3) at the Gran Sasso underground laboratory. No effect was observed, the half- 15 18 life limits were estimated at the level of lim T1/2 ∼ 10 − 10 yr. A 162 + possible resonant 0νKL1 capture in Er to the 2 1782.7 keV ex- 162 17 cited state of Dy is restricted as T1/2 ≥ 5.0 × 10 yr at 90% C.L. -
Hu11b6 for Prostate Cancer Theranostics Oskar Vilhelmsson Timmermand1, Jörgen Elgqvist2, Kai A
Theranostics 2019, Vol. 9, Issue 8 2129 Ivyspring International Publisher Theranostics 2019; 9(8): 2129-2142. doi: 10.7150/thno.31179 Research Paper Preclinical efficacy of hK2 targeted [177Lu]hu11B6 for prostate cancer theranostics Oskar Vilhelmsson Timmermand1, Jörgen Elgqvist2, Kai A. Beattie3, Anders Örbom1, Erik Larsson4, Sophie E. Eriksson1, Daniel L.J. Thorek5, Bradley J. Beattie6, Thuy A. Tran7,8, David Ulmert1,3,9*, Sven-Erik Strand1,4* 1. Division of Oncology and Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 2. Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden 3. Molecular Pharmacology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA 4. Division of Medical Radiation Physics, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 5. Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63108, USA. 6. Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. 7. Department of Radiopharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 8. Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden 9. Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), CA, USA *Equal contribution Corresponding author: Division of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University, Barngatan 4, bottom floor, 221 85 Lund, Sweden. E-mail: [email protected] © Ivyspring International Publisher. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY-NC) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). See http://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions. -
Mikael Peterson KAPPAN Inkl Omslag
SPECT Imaging using Pinhole Collimation System Design and Simulation Studies for Pre-Clinical and Clinical Imaging Peterson, Mikael 2017 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Peterson, M. (2017). SPECT Imaging using Pinhole Collimation: System Design and Simulation Studies for Pre- Clinical and Clinical Imaging. Lund University, Faculty of Science, Department of Medical Radiation Physics. Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 MIKAEL PETERSON SPECT ImagingSPECT using Pinhole Collimation SPECT Imaging using Pinhole Collimation System Design and Simulation Studies for Pre- Clinical and Clinical Imaging MIKAEL PETERSON FACULTY OF SCIENCE | LUND UNIVERSITY Faculty of Science Department of Medical Radiation Physics 533771 2017 ISBN 978-91-7753-377-1 ISBN 978-91-7753-378-8 789177 9 SPECT Imaging using Pinhole Collimation System Design and Simulation Studies for Pre- Clinical and Clinical Imaging Mikael Peterson DOCTORAL DISSERTATION by due permission of the Faculty of Science, Lund University, Sweden. -
United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 5,437,795 Snyder Et Al
US005437795A United States Patent 19 11 Patent Number: 5,437,795 Snyder et al. 45) Date of Patent: Aug. 1, 1995 (54) CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATION OF 5,098,678 3/1992 Lee et al. .............................. 423/70 ERBUMISOTOPES 5,110,566 5/1992 Snyder et al. ......................... 423/70 5,124,023 6/1992 Bosserman . 210/659 (75) Inventors: Thomas S. Snyder, Oakmont; Steven 5,133,869 7/1992 Taniguchi. 210/659 H. Peterson; Umesh P. Nayak, both 5,174,971 12/1992 Snyder et al.......................... 423/70 of Murrysville; Richard J. Beleski, Pittsburgh, all of Pa. Primary Examiner-Ernest G. Therkorn 57 ABSTRACT 73 Assignee: Westinghouse Electric Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pa. A process for the partial or complete simultaneous sepa ration of isotopes of erbium, especially high thermal (21) Appl. No.: 264,810 neutron capture cross-section erbium isotopes, using 22 Filed: Jun. 23, 1994 continuous, steady-state, chromatography in which an (51) Int. Cl............................................... B01D 15/08 ion exchange resin is the stationary phase, an aqueous (52) U.S.C. .................................... 210/635; 210/656; solution of ions based on a mixture of erbium isotopes is 210/657; 210/659; 210/1982; 423/21.5; the feed phase, and an aqueous acid eluant solution is 423/263 the mobile phase. The process involves the mobile (58) Field of Search ............... 210/635,656,657, 659, phase eluting or desorbing the erbium isotopic solute 210/1982; 423/263, 21.1, 21.5 adsorbed on the stationary phase under conditions such that each of the various naturally occurring isotopes of (56) References Cited erbium is primarily eluted in an elution volume distinct U.S.