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Analysis of Road Safety Trends 2017 Management by Objectives for Road Safety Work Towards the 2020 Interim Targets

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Analysis of Road Safety Trends 2017 Management by Objectives for Road Safety Work Towards the 2020 Interim Targets Analysis of Road Safety Trends 2017 Management by objectives for road safety work towards the 2020 interim targets 1 ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY TRENDS 2017 Title: Analysis of road safety trends 2017. Management by objectives for road safety work towards the 2020 interim targets. Publication number: 2019:035. ISBN: Digitally 978-91-7725-407-2. Date of publication: April 2018. Publisher: The Swedish Transport Administration. Contact person: Magnus Lindholm, the Swedish Transport Administration. Production: Graphic form and event, the Swedish Transport Administration. Cover photo: Graphic form and event, the Swedish Transport Administration. Printed by: BrandFactory. Distributor: The Swedish Transport Administration. Foreword This report is the tenth of the annual follow-up of the progress towards the road safety objectives for road traffic safety in Sweden by 2020. It describes and anal- yses the development of traffic safety in 2017. As in previous years, the results are analysed in terms of the number of fatalities and injuries as well as of a series of safety performance indicators. The report was written by a group of analysts from the Swedish Transport Agency, Transport Research Institute (VTI), and the Swedish Transport Administration. The following analysists have contributed to the report: Khabat Amin, Karin Bengtsson, Jonathan Hedlund, Peter Larsson and Hans-Yngve Berg (Swedish Transport Agency), Åsa Forsman and Anna Vadeby (VTI) as well as Magnus Lind- holm, Simon Sternlund and Matteo Rizzi (Swedish Transport Administration). The report served as the basis for the results conference in Stockholm on the 25th of April, 2018. 3 ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY TRENDS 2017 Summary The road safety work in Sweden is based on Vision Zero and the designated in- terim targets to achieve its objectives. The current interim target for road traffic safety is to halve the number of fatalities between 2007 and 2020. This means a maximum of 220 road fatalities in 2020. The interim target also means that the number of seriously injured in road traffic should be reduced by one quarter. In this report, the development of road traffic safety is presented and analysed in terms of the number of fatalities and injured, based on the safety performance indicators. The report constitutes a basis for the efforts that will lead to achieving the targets by 2020. The table below shows the present level of the indicators and assess- ments of whether the development of the indicators are sufficient for achieving the target by 2020. Safety Performance Starting 2017 Targets in Assessed development Indicators points 2020 towards target (2007) Number of fatalities on the In line with the 440 253 220 roads required trend Number of seriously injured In line with the 5 400 4 400 4 100 on the roads required trend Share of traffic volume within Not in line with the speed limits, national road 43 % 45 % 80 % required trend network Share of traffic volume within Not in line with the speed limits, municipal road 64 % 67 % 80 % required trend network (started in 2012) Share of traffic volume with Not in line with the 99.71 % 99.74 % 99.90 % sober drivers required trend Seat belt use in the front seat In line with the 96 % 98 % 99 % of passenger cars required trend Share of cyclists wearing a Not in line with the 27 % 44 % 70 % helmet required trend Share of moped riders using a In line with the 96 % 98 % 99 % helmet correctly required trend Share of traffic volume for In line with the passenger cars with highest 20 % 72 % 80 % required trend Euro NCAP rating Increased rule compliance Not yet measured, no - - - among motorcycle riders target defined Share of traffic volume with median barriers on national Not in line with the 50 % 76 % 90 % roads with speed limit above required trend 80 km/h Share of safe pedestrian, In line with the 19 % 27 % 35 % bicycle and moped crossings required trend Share of municipalities with Not in line with the good maintenance of bicycle 18 % 36 % 70 % required trend paths Systematic traffic safety work Not yet measured, no - - - in line with ISO 39001 target defined 4 ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY TRENDS 2017 The number of fatalities and seriously injured is in line with the necessary development In 2017, there were 253 fatalities in road traffic crashes in Sweden, which repre- sents the lowest number of annual road fatalities since the 1940s. The number of fatalities is thereby 43 percent lower than the average for 2006-2008. Since 2013, the positive development in traffic safety has stagnated and the trend has suggest- ed that the development is not fast enough to reach the 2020 target. However, the fatalities decreased in 2017, which now means that the outcome is in line with the necessary development. If the decrease in the number of fatalities is a trend break or a coincidence is too early to say. We know that several of the indicators that have been pointed out as the most important to reach the target in 2020 have not been developed in a positive enough outcome. Therefore, the overall assessment of the analysis group is that it is uncertain if the target regarding fatalities in 2020 will be met. This assessment is also strengthened by the prognosis of numbers of fatalities in 2020 that was made in the project Review of the 2020 interim targets (Swedish Transport Administration and Swedish Transport Agency, 2016), which showed that the expected outcome is not reaching the 2020 target. For 2017 the number of seriously injured is calculated to be approximately 4,400. There has been a marginal decrease since 2010 and the outcome for 2017 is at the margin for the necessary yearly development. The planned actions to reduce the number of seriously injured are expected not to be efficient enough. While the analysis group thereby assesses that the development for seriously injured is cur- rently in line with the required development, it may still be difficult to reach the target in 2020. Single vehicle crashes are more common than head-on crashes Since the beginning of 2000 until 2013 there was a large decrease in the number of fatalities. Between 2006 and 2013 there was mainly a decrease in fatal head- on crashes on roads with speed limits 70-90 km/h. The number of fatalities in single-vehicle crashes on these roads also decreased during this period, but not to the same extent. It is now more common with fatalities in single-vehicle crashes than in head-on crashes on these road sections. Single-vehicle crashes with motor vehicles is also the only crash type where an increase can be seen in the number of fatalities compared with 2016. By a total of 253 people who died in 2017 in Sweden, almost 100 people died in single-vehicle crashes with motor vehicles. A high proportion of the single-vehicle crashes were alcohol- and/or drug-related. 15 lives per year can be saved on Swedish roads if the travel speed can be lowered with 1 km/h The road design and car fleet safety gains require that they are combined with the right speed. Starting in 2016/2017 the Swedish Transport Administration initiat- ed a speed revision to adopt the speed limits to the road’s safety standard. For a long time, the speed limit has been too high relative to the road’s safety standard, and it is not practically possible in a higher extent to achieve an improved speed compliance by changing the design of the roads. Calculations show that 15 lives per year can be saved in Sweden if the travel speed can be lowered with 1 km/h, but the speed levels and the compliance of speed limits on national roads have not improved since 2012 but rather worsened. The analysis group assesses it as very unlikely that the targets for speed limit compliance on national roads in 2020 will be reached. On municipal streets, it is foremost all the speed compliance on streets with lower speed limits (and foremost all the streets with 40 km/h) that needs improvement. An effective action will be increased surveillance with automatic speed cameras, but it is far from enough. The Swedish Police’s manual speed surveillance has 5 ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY TRENDS 2017 decreased, and fewer people are being fined for speeding. Therefore, it has become even more important with the implementation of other innovative solutions, such as vehicle-technology, self-monitoring of the speed compliance in company car fleets and new types of insurances. Though, due to limited time, these solutions will probably not contribute enough to achieving the targets in 2020. Percentage of drunk drivers keep developing negatively The proportion of sober traffic is high in Sweden, but the indicator for sober driv- ers has continued to worsen and is therefore not in line with the required devel- opment. The negative trend with more fatalities in alcohol- or drug-related traffic crashes has continued. During 2017, 81 people died in those crash types, which is equivalent to 32 percent of the total number of fatalities in road traffic crashes. During 2016, the number of drug-related crashes increased marginally, especially amongst drivers of passenger cars – and it has not reduced in 2017. The Swedish Police Authority and the Swedish Transport Administration has, therefore, started a joint work in order to streamline the sobriety controls. Rule compliance in fatal motorcycle crashes is low More than half of the fatal crashes with motorcycles are associated with one or more violations. Currently, there are no fully developed strategies to adapt the road transport system to a safe system for motorcycles, and therefore the rule compliance is even more important for motorcyclists than for other road users.
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