The American Legion Magazine [Volume 29, No. 3 (September 1940)]

THE AMERICAN

MAGAZINE

ON THE OCCASION OF GENERAL PERSHINGS EIGHTIETH BIRTHDAY. SEPTEMBER I3TH, THE

AMERICAN LEGION BESPEAKS ITS PRIDE. AND THAT OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE GENERALLY. IN THE HISTORIC ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE GENERAL OF THE ARMIES AS SOLDIER AND CITIZEN.

NATIONAL COMMANDER THE AMERICAN LEGION THE ALEXANDER TWINS. ..Dorothy and Grace, Famous Drum Majorettes for American Legion Post 42, Martin ville, Virginia sawre you

AND SAll/TE

EOR REAl M/IDA/£SS // A/VD BETTER TASTE

These are the twin pleasures you look for in a cigarette.

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to give you the added pleasure of a cooler smoke . . . Make your next pack Chesterfield and join the millions of smokers who say

* *

John J Pershing WASHINGTON

To the Members of The American Lesion.

My dear Comrades

In the twenty-one years of The American Legion's existence I have, In one way or another, frequently addressed you, but at no time with more pleasure or more heartfelt appreciation than today.

Little did we think twenty years ago that the clouds of war would again darken the sky in our time. But in recent months we have seen the glorious victory won by the force of your arms swept away, and none of us can say that the conflict will not spread to America. To meet the threat, our country is engaged upon a vast preparedness program. Most of us are now too old for active service in the armed forces, but I feel, never- theless, that we can be of great help at this time. You and I know the importance of adequate materiel of all kinds and trained personnel to use It, and we realize, too, what an important factor preparedness may prove to be in keeping war from our land. By voice and deed we can do our part In bringing this program to a successful conclusion. I urge your whole- hearted, active support of the Government's efforts in this crisis.

The American Legion has not failed in the past to meet its obligations as an outstanding, patriotic body of American veterans, and I am confident that it will not fail to do so now.

With affectionate regards and best wishes to you all,

Cordially youray-'T^^ -

TO OUR ONLY HONORARY NATIONAL COMMANDER

WHEREAS, General John J. Pershing, Commander-in- apolis, Indiana, that the National Commander of The Chief of the American Expeditionary Forces during the American Legion is hereby authorized and directed to World War, shall attain his eightieth birthday on September officially proclaim September 13, 1040, as a special Ameri-

1,3, 1040; and can Legion day of observance in all Posts and affiliated WHEREAS, The great body of The American Legion bodies throughout the entire organization in honor of sentimentally regards General Pershing still as our Com- General Pershing's eightieth birthday, and otherwise do mander-in-Chief; therefore, be it and it is hereby such things as will pay tribute to this distinguished American RESOLVED, By the National Executive Committee, in soldier. Resolution of National Executive Committee, The regular meeting assembled, May 2 and 3, 1940, at Indian- American Legion, May j, 1940.

SEPTEMBER, 1940 'Yake \jife a \tittk Easier

I GIVE YOURSELF A BREAK

IF YOU'RE between 35 and 40, the chances are you've passed your

physical peak. Then it pays to watch what you eat, conserve your energy,

exercise regularly. And if you drink — never take "one too many".

Enjoy a whiskey you know is extra- smooth — extra-light — extra -fine — Seagram's 5 Crown. It's whiskey in

it's "smoothest" form.

WHISKEY IN ITS SMOOTHEST FORM

Seagram's 5 Crown Blended Whiskey. 72 l/t% grain neutral spirits. 90 Proof. Seagram-Distillers Corporation, Offices: New York, N. Y.

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine nEUI VORK STRT 5nys UlElCOmE.J American legion" mff

New York State congratulates the American Legion on its

selection of Boston as its 1940 Convention city. The friendly

spirit that prevails throughout the great Commonwealth of

Massachusetts assures the kind of hospitality that you will remember. Plan to attend!

Plan, too, to partake of the welcome that New York State

is so proud to extend as you pass through. Make your trip

an occasion to revisit the scenes of the great 1937 Conven- tion, to enjoy the New York World's Fair, to include glorious days amid the scenic wonders, the historical landmarks and carefree playlands of the Empire State.

A variety of well-planned and interesting routes permits many of you to travel to and from Boston most conveniently

through this great state and its ever-changing panorama

of sight-seeing thrills . . . thundering Niagara Falls . . . the

serene Genesee country . . . the romantic Finger Lakes . . .

the gem-like beauty of the Thousand Islands . . . the sky-

reaching Adirondacks . . . the legend-crowned Mohawk

Valley . . . historic and charming Saratoga Springs . . . Fort

Ticonderoga and storied Lake Champlain . . . the memor-

able attractions of the capital district surrounding Albany

. . . Catskill Mountain playlands . . . West Point and the

mighty Hudson River . . . Long Island's old villages and surf-edged beaches. HEW VORK STATE

Ar **** i't&)

For your FREE COPY of lavishly illustrated 68 -page 1940 guide, giving full BUREAU OF STATE PUBLICITY, ALBANY, N. Y. Commissioner descriptions and detailed information Conservation Department, Lithgow Osborne, Kindly send me free copies of "A Fair Bargain — NEW concerning New York State's fascinating YORK STATE This Year!" and "World's Fair Route Folder, attractions and Special World's Fair with Loop Tour of Beautiful Long Island". <|yj> Route Folder, including Loop Tour of Name beautiful Long Island, mail this coupon Street or a postcard. City State

SEPTEMBER, ig+o 3 cJor fjotl and (Pounirv, we associate ourselves together for the following purposes: To uphold and defend the Constitution of the United States of America, to maintain law and order; to foster and perpetuate a one hundred percent Americanism; to preserve the memories and incidents of our association in the Great War. to inculcate a sense of individual obligation to the community, state and nation: to combat the autocracy of both the classes and the masses; to make right the master of might; to promote peace and good ivill on earth; to safeguard and transmit to posterity

the principles of justice, freedom and democracy ; to consecrate and sanctify our comradeship by our devoiion to mutual helpfulness. — Preamble to the Constitution of The American Legion

# -fr THE AMERICAIM

Si PTKMBLR. IQIO MAGAZINE Vol. 29, No. 5

Published Monthly by The American Legion, 455 West 2id Street, Chicago, Illinois

EXECUTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICES EDITORIAL AND ADVERTISING OFFICES

Indianapolis, Indiana 75 West 48th St., New York City

In this issue

COVER DESIGN * FLIGHT SURGEON 12 GO FISH IN THE OCEAN! 24 By Leopold Seyffert By Roy Alexander By Barron C. Watson Illustrations by Richard Lyon GENERAL PERSHING TO THE LEGION FRANCE, LOVED LONG SINCE 16 CHAMBERSBURG'S ABURNING! 26 By Hudson Hawley By Garnett Laidlaw Eskew PERSHING AT EIGHTY By T. H. Thomas BOSTON CONVENTION PREVIEW 18 JOBS FOR 58.515 28 Bl VI I VV GRl N By Herbert Gay Sisson TREASON IN THE TEXTBOOKS By O. K. Armstrong BURSTS AND DUDS 20 Cartoons by John Cassel OLD MAN TERRAPIN S DERBY 50

. THE duty of the By Boyd B. Stutler CU11UK1AL:I TiiTOPIAT PRESENT HOUR 21 SOUTH OF THE BORDER By Larry Gibbs COME TO BOSTON n LAIRD O' THE STOCKADE yi Illustrative map by Will Graven B\ Hill Cunningham By John J. Noll

• H44H44» »»++++++++++++++ ++ + +•»»

-^r The Leopold Seyffert portrait of when the Battle of France ended dies. Central and South America. General Pershing used on the front late in June with the acceptance by We suggest that Legionnaires keep cover o£ this issue is in the posses- the French government of armis- this map handy for the next few sion of the Safron Galleries of the tice terms, in the famous railroad months. It is epiite possible the Hotel Jefferson, St. Louis, Missouri. car in Compiegne Forest. The large United States will lease landing Plans have been discussed to have poster reproduced on page 16 is fields south of our territory, and St. Louis Legionnaires buy the por- especially noteworthy, for it shows this map contains all of the fields trait of Missouri's greatest living the mechanized invading columns which could be useful to Uncle Sam son and present it to the City of St. advancing over the French coun- from a military standpoint. Louis to hang in the Soldiers' Me- tryside near Sedan, which is where morial Building. The plans have the break-through came last May. Treason in the Textbooks, on not as yet been completed. page eight deals with the way in

-fa On page 11, with Larry Gibbs's which subversive groups in the edu- The four posters used with article South of the Border we re- cational world have placed in many Hudson Hawley's article on the produce a map of the important o| the schools throughout the na- story behind the fall of France are airfields in Mexico, 'the West In- tion books whic h teach our children used by permission of their owner, un-American doctrines. Here is a

J. Howard Denny, President of matter that is of vital importance Franklin Simon & Co., one of the to every American. A partial list of lmportant great department stores of New the textbooks which your Amer- York City. The warning conveyed A form for your convenience if v<»ti wish to icanism Commission finds objec- have l/ic magazine sent l» another address in the posters was four years old tionable will be found on page 71. II fx- found on |hi<|<' of.

The American Legion Magazine is the official publication of The American Legion, and is owned exclusively by The American Legion, Copyright 1940 by The American Legion. Entered as second class matter Sept. 26, 1931, at the Post Office at Chicago, 111., under the act of March 3, 1879. Raymond J. Kelly, Indianapolis, Ind., National Commander, Chairman of the Legion Pub- lishing and Publicity Commission; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N. Y., Vice Chairman. Members of Commission: William H. Doyle, Maiden, Mass.; Phil Conley, Charleston, W. Va.; Raymond Fields, Guthrie, Okla Cogswell, Washing- ; Jerry Owen, Salem, Ore.; Lynn Stambaugh, Fargo, N. D.; Harry C. Jackson, New Britain, Conn.; John J. Wicker. Jr., Richmond, Va.; Theodore ton, D. C; John B. McDade, Scranton, Pa.; Robert L. Colflesh, Des Moines, la.; Dwight Griswold, Gordon, Neb.; Dr. William F. Murpbv, Palestine, Ten.; Lawrence Hager, Owensboro, Ky.; Vilas H. Whaley, Racine, Wis. Director of Publications, James F. Barton, Indianapolis, Ind.; Director of Advertising, Frederick L. Maguire; Managing Editor, Boyd B. Stutler; Art Editor, Edward M. Stevenson; Aesochte Editors, Alexander Gardiner and John J. Noll. Acceptance for mailing at special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, Act of October j, 1917, authorized January 5, 1925. Price, single copy 25 Cents, yearly subscription, $1.30.

t The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine i0&

Four big reasons why

you'll have a better ride

to Boston, if you go CITIES SERVICE all the way!

7. Use the Cities Service Touring Bureau—Before leaving, drive into your Cities Service dealer's and tell him all about your trip—including any special sights you may want to take in on the way. He'll get in touch with the Cities Service Touring Bureau, and you'll receive free marked maps showing the shortest and most convenient route.

2. Have Your Car Cities Serviced—To put your car in firstclass condition for the trip, have it Cities Serviced before you leave. Your dealer will lubricate out all annoying squeaks and jolts. He'll inflate your tires to just the right pressure. He'll check your battery, oil and water. The result—you'll be sure of trouble- free, pleasure-full driving.

3. Go Cities Service All the Way—Give your car the advantage of heat-proved Koolmotor and Cities Service Motor Oils, Boston Headquarters for sure-fire Koolmotor Gasolene and tough, tenacious Trojan Lubri- Legionnaire Motorists! cants. These world-famous products deliver the kind of service

You can park your car while in that helps give your car an extra year of youth. Boston and have it completely Cities 4. Stop in at Cities Service Serviced at the new Cities Service Look for the Black and White Sign— Building for the trip home. An en- Stations en route. They're spic and span, with clean, comfortable tire six story building with the most rest rooms. In addition, Cities Service dealers have accurate, up-to- modern equipment including the — date maps to make your directions absolutely clear from state to Power Prover and Sealed Lubrica- state. in, Legionnaires. We're ready and anxious tion Ride Improver. Interior park- So come on you ing. The address 660 Beacon Street. to prove that "Service is Our Middle Name."

SEPTEMBER, i 9+o 5 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Le&ion Magazine HE AND HE ALONE HAD THE VISION Pershing TO FORMULATE THE PLANS WHICH MADE AMERICA'S MIGHT A FACTOR IN FRANCE IN 1917-18

T. H. THOMAS

this eightieth birthday HADcome a year ago. General Pershing could have still looked back on the great achievement of his life as a finished task—a job done once for all. Today, the anniver- sary is darkly clouded over by the thought that at a single stroke so long and hard a labor has been undone. His own record stands as before. Nothing of the present tragedy is due to faulty workmanship, to anything left unfinished on his part: in the sudden on- rush of disaster of the latter-day Spring Offensive, Pershing as before came forward to urge his countrymen to do their utmost to support their comrade armies in the hour of bitter trial. No one among us all, perhaps, feels

General Pershing with Marshal Petain after the Armistice. These two are the only Allied commanders still living. Below, statue of Pershing facing one of Lafayette at Versailles. It is believed the statues have not been damaged in the German occupation

more keenly the blow that has fallen now. No other American had quite so full a share in what the A.E.F. contributed to the victory of twenty-two years ago. No one knows better how much was missing when no second A.E.F. was at hand in this later hour of need. No one can have felt more keenly the strain of the desperate prospect Petain had to face when called back by France to help shoulder the burden of a lost campaign. No one can have felt more poignantly the peculiar tragedy which now closes Petain's career. Petain and Pershing are now the two survivors among all the commanders-in- chief of the World War. Joffre we shall always remember as the godfather of the A. E. F.—since it was he who made clear to America, in the first groping and uncertain weeks after our entry into the

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine war, the importance of having at least a few American troops appear on the scene without delay. But at that very time Petain was being raised to the rank of French commander-in-chief—he was appointed, in fact, only a few days after Pershing took over the desk at the War Department which served as the initial Headquarters of the A. E. F. By the very nature of things, Petain was the man whom Pershing had to turn to most frequently after his arrival in France—and by the nature of things Petain had more to do than any other Allied officer with the building up and with the fighting apprenticeship of the A. E. F. For all this, beyond a doubt, he had a better head than any other officer in France. Quite apart from his official position, his clear head and sound judgment and his extraordinary professional capacity made a lasting impression upon all the American officers who came into personal contact with him. No officer in France had a clearer grasp of the innumerable technical always closer than with any of the other Allied officers and we had aspects of the organization of armies and of the conduct become fast friends." of war in the stage reached by 191 7; no one had kept pace Let us leave it at that. Nothing during the intervening years, up more fully with the amazing number of changes and new to the bad days of June 1040, would have changed in any way this developments since 1014; and it is pretty clear that there recollection. Even what has happened now, in a sense, does not was no one whose private judgment on professional ques- change it. It does not change the character or meaning of the old- tions Pershing valued quite so much. time collaboration, or of what Pershing and the A. E. F. accom- Whatever the explanation of this tragic last phase of plished. The France and the French army that we knew were, in Petain's career, the effect of it has been to darken what are reality, as we knew them. As to Petain, we do not know, but the by rights the brightest recollections of General Pershing's France conquered by Germany today is in part, at least, a different eightieth year. Let us not sit in judgment on the present; country—a country shattered and turned against itself by the rather, we may recall that better and truer past—the extremes of depression and vindictive civil strife which have pre- original and the veritable Petain of earlier days, and a vailed ever since 1034. French army which held firm against threatening disaster. Both did their best by us, and without them the record of FOR one reason or another, the recognition General Pershing Pershing and the A. E. F. would have been a very different has enjoyed ever since the war has hardly been a recognition thing. In one of his first letters after reaching France, of his true achievement. The completeness of the victory of 1918 General Pershing sent the following first impression to the had the effect, among others, of wiping out any general curiosity as Secretary of War: "In conclusion, I would add that I have to the exact story of what happened, and in the end has left it the utmost confidence in General Petain, and I believe that largely an unknown story. he is a loyal patriot, whose sole aim is to serve and save The Civil War is still a far more familiar {Continued on page jS) France." All that happened during the following year more than confirmed this first judgment, and three days after the Armistice General Pershing had the pleasure of giving The General of the Armies serenaded by the Sons of the Petain the D.S.M. In writing his Memoirs, more than ten Legion drum corps of Morgan McDermott Squadron, years later, Pershing recorded: "It was especially gratifying Tucson, Arizona, where he has recently spent his winters. to me to decorate Petain, as my relations with him were At top of page, the Leviathan in her 1918 war paint -

The "Frontier Thinkers" are trying to sell our youth the idea that the Ameri- can way of life has failed

most of us. Our children average from four to fifteen years. The older groups are in junior and senior high school. It's time we learned that our children are being taught, in the name of

c ivics, social science and history, doctrines so subversive as to

undermine their faith in the American way of life.

My eldest son is still a little vague about it. But give him three years more, and he'll be convinced that our "capitalistic

system" is the fault of selfish fellows like Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson who wanted to save their property; that the poor man wasn't given proper consideration, that in Russia the youth are engaged in creating a beautiful, new democratic order, that modern business is for the benefit of the profit

makers, that advertising is an economic waste, that morality

is a relative value, and that family life will soon be radically changed by state control. All out of textbooks and courses adopted by public high schools in the good old U. S. A. —by state and local school authorities that likely do not know they have been taken for a ride by the most insidious attack of un-Americanism yet per- fected by the Trojan horsemen. Ceorge ashington a big business man?" kADDV, was W It's a case for the Dies Committee on Un-American Activi- The question, asked by my fourteen-year-old son, ties, and with the vigorous cooperation of The American Legion gave me a bit of thought. the Dies Committee has turned its attention to these subversive

mean?" I asked. D "What do you activities in our schools. But it's more than that. It's a case for "Well, our teacher says the men who wrote the Constitution the personal attention of every parent who would like to pre- were landowners and business men." serve American ideals and institutions. "What did she mean by that?" My son's explanations from "Catch 'em young!" That's the motto of the radical and that point on were hazy. He hadn't quite grasped the reasons communistic textbook writers who all too evidently have been for emphasis upon the economic status of our Founding Fathers. in control of the field. You expect college and graduate students

But it was evident the discussion by his teacher had raised to delve into controversial social and political theories. But it's doubts as to these patriots being all they were cracked up to be. That started me off on a study. My son's class was known as "Democratic Living." Good enough. But what did George Washington and his business interests have to do with that?

I went straight to his instructor. She told me, with evident condescension, that the old methods of teaching were being supplanted by a more "realistic" approach to problems. It's all a part of "progressive" education. For instance, the men who framed the Constitution were the "upper class," she in- sisted; they were owners of land, shippers and moneyed men generally. They were particular to safeguard the capitalistic system, and school children should be taught that fact "as an intelligent approach to present-day problems. Legionnaires are parents-

8 The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine in the TEXTBOOKS

the junior and senior high school years The best we can do is to select a few samples, list the textbooks that provide the lasting impressions. now under scrutiny by the Legion's Americanism Commission Teach a boy or girl of twelve to sixteen and urge parents to proceed with their own investigations of that George Washington might have textbooks and reference material used in their own schools. been a land-grabber, James Madison a By far the most prolific of the social science schoolbook shady trader, the Constitution a pro- writers is Professor Harold O. Rugg of Teachers College, Col- tector of the economic royalist, and umbia University, New York City. In 1933 Professor Rugg modern business an oppressor of the produced a book called Great Technology. The whole underlying poor man, and the idea sticks. thesis of this book is that our American way of life is a failure It's time to cite chapter and verse. and must be replaced by a new order based upon some type of Obviously, long and detailed quota- state socialism.

tions are impossible in a brief article. "Our task is nothing short of questioning a whole philosophy of living—the philosophy of capitalism and laissez-faire," says Prof. Rugg. He declares candidly in this book that the public schools must be utilized to "change the climate of opinion" so that traditional American ideals and motivations will be abandoned. With considerable vigor he set himself to this task, turning out some sixteen textbooks used widely in high schools all over America. Some dozen other authors have succeeded in having textbooks, similar in content and purpose to the Rugg courses, adopted by state education boards. Together these courses form a complete pattern of propaganda for a change in our political, economic and social order. The trick has been to consolidate what used to be separate studies of history, geography, civics and social science,

all in one course and call it "Democratic Living," or something similar. The

See list of "Frontier Thinking" schoolbooks on page 71

westward movement of our pioneers, for example, can thus be used to teach the geography of the country, the history of the times, the social problems encoun- tered, and other aspects of westward expansion, with whatever "interpretation" the textbook plus the instructor might care to give them. Major Augustin G. Rudd, a Legion- naire parent of Garden City, New York, whose curiosity was aroused—as was mine—by questions asked him by his children, made a study of all the textbooks used in his home town schools. His report of this study, now in the hands of

the Americanism Commission, is a tribute to one man's determination to get to the bottom of subversive activities in the schools. In his report on the Rugg textbooks we find: "In Pupils' Work Book the question is asked: 'Is the United States a land of opportunity for all our people? Why?'

This is the answer the child should give, according to {Continued on page 51)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 9 1 : UNCLE SAM CAN'T T £ AN Y CHANCES

OF THE BORDER L THE WAY TO CAPE HORN

Santos-Dumont Airport, Rio de VERY Latin-American politico plans? W hat are the main hazards? What Janeiro, Brazil. It is vital to our wants rule somebody or some- are the dangers? to interest that none of the 211 Bra- thing, out of a hundred with Enemy aircraft based in South America 99 zilian airports be under a control E a strong hand. Almost every would, first of all, offer a threat to the unfriendly to the United States Latin politician prefers authoritarian safety of our country and to its unity. Our methods, no matter what he labels with utter peril and so dangerous for our Southern States, the Middle West, the them. own American welfare that even high Southwest, the Pacific Coast, and of The Latin American, speaking gener- officials in Washington have their mo- course the East with its big cities, all ally, admires strong men and strong ments of grave doubt about the future. would be in great danger. As the Presi- governments. These are so attractive in Within the next few years we most assur- dent in his recent defense message told their way that stumbling, fumbling edly face the sickening prospect of a Congress democracy as displayed by a few honest German-dominated, perhaps a German- "The Azores are only 2,000 miles from practitioners of the business down there controled South America, and even near- parts of our Eastern seaboard, and if hasn't much chance of setting up a show by Mexico is just a giant firecracker apt Bermuda fell into hostile hands it is a

that will get the customers in. to explode in our face. Unless. . . . matter of less than three hours for With such an unfavorable basic situa- Unless we can quickly so st rengthen modern bombers to reach our shores. tion, where do we all stand on coopera- our military position that we can prove From a base in the outer West Indies tive hemisphere defense and how are we to the Latins and to Europe that we the coast of Florida could be reached in going to keep the wolves away from our can actually repel an invader down there, 200 minutes. The islands off the west back door? and, as well, eject Nazi-controled regimes coast of Africa are only 1,500 miles It is a tremendous task we face, a headed by puppets. That is the goal. How from Brazil. Modern planes starting bloodless conquest of the Latins fraught close are we to it now? What are our from the Cape {Continued on page 4S) SEE TABLE ON PAGE 48 FOR DATA ON WHAT THE TWENTY REPUBLICS OF SOUTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA THINK OF US

1 1 The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine iVassau

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Montevideo f ARGENTINA BuenosAires j AIRFIELDS AND THE CANAL oncepcion i Th« map reproduced on this page does not Temuco pretend to show all the airfields south of i the United States—Brazil alone has some 211. But here are all the fields important to Puerto Monlf^^ us in the vital matter of national defense. One or more of those shown here may be leased to the United States in the next few months, as part of the defense scheme for the Panama Canal. Under the Monroe Doc- trine we shall refuse to allow any nation . outside the Western Hemisphere to acquire any of these fields or the Galapagos Islands j the old in the Pacific. Nearest route from ^ world to South America is from Dakar, \ French West Africa, to Natal, Brazil, less fe^ Punta Ar than 2000 air miles apart, or the distance from New Orleans to San Francisco. Prior to last September French, Italian and Ger- Ships of the Pan American-Grace Airways at man companies operated planes between Lima, Peru. At left of map, the airfield in these two points. Barranquilla at the north tip of Colombia, 3 50 airline miles from the Panama Canal —

two hours he had been on air he had flow n by instrument on bright pilots, and he took even less kindly to FORinstruments, booming along at clear days, painstakingly following the letting a medical man fly in dirty weather. 11,000 feet with a fifty-mile wind range courses around Woodlawn, pa- A lot of the Air Corps seemed to feel the on his tail, bouncing through rough tiently making cross-countries, carefully same way and Dr. George Trent had been air that kept his hands and feet busy at making instrument approaches on the held up at army fields many a time when the controls, his eyes glued to the instru- Woodlawn field, while a check pilot rode the ceiling was down—but not down far ments on the lighted board in front of in the back seat to sec that he made no enough to keep a good instrument pilot him. Through the rain-washed solarium mistakes. on the ground. he threw an occasional glance into the Hut of actual instrument Hying in bad Wiping the water off his face with a big dirty gray gloom, where green and red weather, with only his own skill to keep hand, he grinned to himself. The night halos around the navigation lights him right side up and on the course, he operations man at Latham Field, a marked the ends of his wing. had had none. Major Straight, the squad- tubby, sleepy corporal, had been willing Kvery five minutes by the clock he had ron commander, did not take kindly to enough, before this dawn, to initial his turned up the rheostat on the radio re- the idea that Flight Surgeons should be clearance; had taken Trent's observation, ceiver. The shrill whine of the range- signal, the incessant frying of static had cut into his earr, and through his head until they had tied a crampish knot somewhere back of the bridge of his nose. Through the joints in the solarium water dripped in an unending stream that rolled (lankly down his leather jacket and drained off in a soggy black stain on his best uniform slacks. Physically, Captain George Trent was uncomfortable, not to say miserable. But he also felt a spiritual happiness. For close to a hundred of his i 500 hours in the URGEO/V "We can't be married ever—while you go on try- without more than glancing at the tele- ing to be a Man-in-White" type sheets, that the weather was good enough for anyone with an instrument ticket, which Trent had laid down before BOTH PILOTS OUT, him on the counter. "Better be a good THE SHIP AT 6000 flight from first to last," Trent reflected, "or that fat corporal is going to be FEET, AND MARTHA... worrying about his stripes—and I am going to be explaining, if I'm able, why I got off in the first place." It was lighting up. Somewhere the sun was rising. For the tenth time in an hour he shifted in his seat, trying to get off the lump that was left when the air drained out of the pneumatic pad on his parachute pack. He shrugged his shoulders in the parachute harness. Wincing before the assault on his ears, he turned up the rheostat and let his ears

till with the crackling of static. In the ROY ALEXANDER

12 Thr AMERICAN LEGION Magazine —

Ceiling is estimated 400 feet. Visibility one mile. Kollsman 20.05. Wind calm. Runway No. Two for your landing. And you're going to have to land here, too. It's closed up all around and this is the best you can find for two hundred miles." Trent's eyes were sweeping the instrument board as he replied. "O. K.," he said. "I'm beginning to descend. Estimated over the Woodlawn range in thirty minutes. And Archie don't be so damned cheerful about it." He heard a chuckle and a sunny "O. K." before he cut his receiver back on the Woodlawn range. It braced him to think that the Woodlawn operator should hand out no instrument advice. For Archie was a National Guard check pilot and he had ridden many an hour in the back seat when Trent was under the hood. He had told Trent many a time that he was as good an instrument pilot as there was in the outfit. Over his shoulder Trent threw a glance aft. From the observer's seat Sergeant Stone looked up from a magazine propped between his knees and threw him a comradely grin. In the gunner's seat, far back toward the tail, Pri- vate Harkins dozed, his head bobbing around in the rough air. Trent reset his altimeters to the Wood- lawn Kollsman reading, trimmed his elevator tabs and headed down for Wood- lawn in a long power glide descending at 400 feet a minute. His air-speed went up to 230 miles an hour as he flipped a toggle switch and doused his navigation

lights. The sun was well up now, if only

he could see it, and he was barging through a gray half-light.

When he got down to 1 500 feet on the altimeter he leveled off. He was as neatly on the beam as ever he had made it under the hood—the steady hum with a faint background of the International "A" in his earphones told him he was just slightly to the right. Two minutes later he picked the cone of silence over the Woodlawn range—a sudden cessation of the radio signal, followed by a surge that told him he was squarely over the station. He slowed down to 125 miles an hour, let down his wheels, and switched on the transmitter again. "Just passed the range at 1500. I'll go out on the east leg for three minutes and do a standard approach." "O. K.," Woodlawn came back. "Everything clear. No change." After a minute on the east leg Trent turned in a 45-degree turn to his right, held the course for 75 seconds, as he had practiced it many a time, while the steady on-course signal faded from his background he heard the steady, assuring picked up the microphone. It told him: phones and in its place came the daar-dit, hum of the on-course signal and some- "Army 0-57 nine-zero-three-nine to daar-dit of the right-hand quadrant. where beyond the faint beeping of the Woodlawn. Estimated over Wickville at Then he swung in a wider turn to the International "N" that marked the left 11,000. Go ahead." left, finally picked up the on-course hum. side of the course—dash-dot, dash-dot, Cheerfully Woodlawn came back, a He was headed back to the field. Easily daar-dit. daar-dit, daar-dit. Subcon- mellow baritone voice. It would be he let down to 900 feet and held the O-57 sciously he eased the ship a degree or two Archie, the boss operator in the W ood- there, slogging along at 90 miles an hour. to the right to get back on the course, lawn tower, Trent reflected. The beam narrowed and he could hear a flipped the transmitter switch on and "O. K., Trent, in nine-zero-three-nine. faint "A" as he got a little to the right

SEPTEMBER, 19+0 13 —

lustrations By RICHARD LYON

side. Suddenly it died away, surged again. He was over the station once more. He throttled back slightly, began letting down again at 400 feet a minute, heard his engine rumble into increased activity as he set his prop in low pitch for a quick climb back into the ceiling if he missed the field. He shoved the tlap lever forward. Eight hundred on the altimeter seven-fifty — six hundred. Ah! there was the ground, rain-soaked and green. He punched the flap button, felt the ship slow up drunk- enly, shoved its nose down a bit more and headed for No. Two runway, stretch- ing out before him. Near its end he set the O-57 down in a smother of water, Hipped his receiver over to the tower frequency. "Very neat," sang Archie from the tower. "Better than your hood approa ches. You can taxi right up to the National Guard hangar." As Trent turned off the runway on to the apron in front of the hangar he saw her. She was standing in the hangar door, trim and tiny in her graystewardess' uniform, an orange scarf swung around her slim white throat, a flight cap perched jauntily on chestnut hair, a raincoat slung over one arm. With a quick nod he acknowledged the wave of her hand, the easy, familiar salute of old Ser- geant Naiden, the parachute packer, who stood beside her, and parked the

( > 57 at the gas pit. floor By the time he had fin- The barrel crashed down on his head and he crumpled to the ished making his flight entries in the Form One, Stone and Harkins had un- loaded the baggage and were lugging He pushed his helmet back on his head said to himself. A ride like that takes a grips and cross-country bags into the and nibbed his ears to shake some of the lot out of a fellow. Better keep quiet and hangar. Still standing in the door, flight-noises out of them. She was no not get in a row. He handed his parachute Stewardess Martha Wright watched with longer smiling. "All right," he said, "give to Sergeant Naiden and lit a cigarette as glowing approval as George Trent us the sermon." Naiden trotted over to the bin with it. climbed down from the ship, unlatched "I'm not going to preach a sermon," "You needn't flush and get so sore," his leg straps and came splashing toward she said. "You'll get that from Major Martha said. "You're your own keeper. her through the pools on the concrete Straight. You shouldn't have come in on Only it isn't sound. The airlines don't do apron, with his parachute swinging from a day like this and you know it. Even the things like it. Trans-Yalley Airlines Trip broad shoulders, his sodden white silk airlines are passing over, yet you come went over just a few minutes ago because muffler dangling down the front of his barging in like a youngster just out of it was too tough to get down here. And jacket. Kelly Field." when I go out on Trip Six we're going Hi, Martha, he grinned, squeezing Unreasoning anger boiled up under right on to Persepolis where the sun is her hand. "Not flying today, are you?" Trent's leather jacket. I'm not myself, he shining."

1 I The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine " "" " " —

Trent got hold of himself. Mustn't be nothing is permanent in your life. You and not precisely to her desire. Well thrown off normal, he thought, by don't intend to keep at any of them, and we must preserve our domestic positions. fatigue, by this infernal buzzing in my you don't intend to stay at the university. I felicitate you on getting an early start ears, by all the pilot stress I've warned You just don't seem to ha ve sense enough toward being independent in your own the other officers about. to know that you're dissipating your home. Good luck, Doctor. We'll be look- "If you," he said, forcing a smile, talents." ing for you here in about a month. And "were an assistant professor of bacteri- Why, he thought, couldn't he tell her may I —indulge the hope that you and ology, and if you had to give a lecture at that she was right— that today he was Martha ten o'clock this morning, you'd— have going to resign from the faculty and get "You can, sir." Trent stood up. "She come in, too. And you wouldn't down to a job that would make a living says she'll leave the airline and my hope "George, please. Let's not get into an for both of them. Why couldn't he tell is that we can be married this summer. argument. You've had a tough ride and her that from now on flying was going to But I won't let her think I'm making this your temper is short. I knew you'd be in be only a recreation, not a business. "The change just to please her. I'm doing it this morning and I won't be back—for a fatigue suffered by pilots often causes an because —well, because it's the only sensi- day or two. It seemed a good time angry hostility to persons and things ble thing to do." "I know." Trent heard himself saying. they love." "Precisely," smiled Dr. Wright. "Does There was unreasoning anger in his voice. He looked up—she was gone. As he you credit." As Trent left the office the "A good time to tell me that I should walked toward the Medical Section to famous physician winked at the photo- resign from the university faculty be- change his flying togs he heard the engine graph of his daughter on his desk. cause I'll never make any more than the of her coupe whirl into life, saw it whip After a nap and dinner Trent drove out miserable three thousand I get there now. past the hangar on the way to the Trans- to the field that night. For an hour he A good time to tell me that I ought to Valley office on the other side of the field. puttered around the medical section, take your father's offer, go into his office, An hour later, as he sat down to break- signing papers, making out requisitions be a great internist with lots of fine fast in the airport restaurant, shaved, for supplies. Then he drove over to the practice." bathed, and feeling nearer normal, TYA's administration building, bought an eve- He caught himself up short. Tears Trip Six with Martha aboard was droning ning paper and dropped in at TYA's welled in her eyes, but her jaw was set. up into the overcast, off for Persepolis. radio room. She turned away from him and he saw the "Hi, Captain," grinned Whitacre, the tlutter of her handkerchief. When she IT HADN'T been a hard day. Dr. Trent radio operator. "Miss Wright's coming faced him again her eyes were grave, her announced his resignation at the back on Trip Seven if that's what's lips set firmly. morning class and the students cheered worrying you. They're getting out of

"All right," she said. "I guess it was a and wished him luck. Grimly he walked Persepolis in ten minutes, but they're mistake to see you this morning. But I downtown to Dr. Wright's office and told going right on over here to Redwood. The must tell you this—today—no matter him he had decided to take his offer, to weather here is closing down again and how tired and out of humor you are. We go into practice with him. in two hours, when Trip Seven is due, it can't be married—ever—while you go on "But," he added, "please don't tell will be impossible. Miss Wright," he trying to be a Man-in-White. We can't Martha. I got myself into trouble with beamed paternally, "won't be back from live on an assistant professor's salary and her this morning but I want to tell her Redwood before tomorrow night at the " you know it. Father says— what I've done myself. I'm afraid I'll earliest." Trent heard himself talking again, have to wait for a time when things are Trent lighted his pipe and sat down. above the crackling of static and the right —you know, when she's not feeling "I'll just read the paper and listen to hum of range signals in his ears. so sore at me— to tell her about it. Be- the traffic for a while," he said. "Nothing "I know. Father says I'm a great cause, after all, I don't want her to get the better to do tonight. Don't let me get in internist, even at thirty-two. He says I idea it was due to her urging." the way." monkey with too many things —flying, "I understand, my boy," said Dr. Outside it had begun to rain again. teaching, experimenting on white mice. Wright, fingering his white mustache and From the loudspeaker came the usual air- He says that if I come into his office I'll hiding a smile. "The concession must line traffic—four cabs for Trip Seven at have a good practice right off the bat, and seem to have been due to common sense Redwood—Trip (Continued on page 52) inherit his when he dies. Well, as far as I am concerned your father can— "George, please don't." There was en- treaty in her eyes. "I can't tell you to do it for me. But after three years on the airline I'd like to quit and have —a home. I'd like you to make it for me. I "Let us not," said Trent evenly, "have our quarrel here in front of the hangar- men. And please don't start crying again." Her face blanked. She patted her scarf, smoothed out her raincoat. When she speaks again, Trent thought, it will be in that crisp, operating-room voice of hers. It was. "You're not being yourself," she said, coolly, "and when you get the time you'll probably have a sound analysis of your mood from the Flight Surgeon's textbook. But, George, you're still living in a dream world. You visualize yourself as a good pilot, which you are; you want to be a well-known flight surgeon, and you're that too. You decided to be a good physician, and you've made that too. But "Find out their altitude and cruising speed. Tell her we're coming'

SEPTEMBER, 1940 IS !

corps area, the prefel maritime (the old glasses—"that's Weygand with him. French admiral commanding the port Guess I'd better tell the captain to hold defenses), and the then Brigadier Gen- everything, break out their flag, and post eral William D. Connor, who remained side-boys and rout out a bugler for the behind in charge of the "A. F. in F." had flourishes." been said. The launches which had borne Pershing nodded assent. "Nice of the them to the Levi's side had already put old gentleman to take all that trouble," back to shore. And then just as the cap- he half grunted. "Wondered where he'd tain was about to give the signal to weigh gone to after the last time we saw him in anchor and head for the open sea, a look- Paris. Thought he'd said goodbye to us out spotted a tiny motor-boat, at whose at Petain's party." stern flew not only the Tricolor but a Hardly had the General got the words fanion of strange pattern, making all out of his mouth when the saluting gun speed for the big transport. started barking. A resounding command, "It's Foch!" I heard General Fox Con- ''B Deck, stand by!" rang out. The bug-

Francois, souvenez- vous Si rant de nos a ines sonf tombes en 1914, c est parce que la France eta it pas suffisamment armee!

POSTERS FROM THE COLLECTION OF J. HOWARD DENNY

GRIMLY PROPHETIC OF An unheeded warning that called ler rollicked through his strident welcome. the turn on 1940. It reads: "Ger- Pershing and his officers straightened FRANCE'S FATE TODAY many lives on a mobilization their Sam Brownes, took their places in footing. France, which has been the ship's great salon, and literally froze ARE THESE FRENCH invaded four times in a century, into it. And into the room strode the will avoid a new invasion only by little bandy-legged, gray-haired, smiling- POSTERS OF 1936 being strong." At top: "French- eyed old cavalryman, the seven stars of men, remember!" warns the poster. marshalship shining on each sleeve of his "If so many of our elders fell in horizon-blue tunic, his right hand up- AN unusually radiant, cloud- 1914 it was because France was lifted, palm out, to return the Americans' ONless September afternoon of 21 not sufficiently armed" salutes. It was Ferdinand Foch, general- years ago, in the great harbor issimo of the Allied and Associated of Brest, the Leviathan, "Big armies, spiritual descendant of that other ner, the A. E. F.'s chief of operations, say Train" herself, was all steamed up ready mighty little commander who sleeps be- to the C.-in-C. "I forgot that he has his to streak across the Atlantic, carrying neath the dome of the Invalides, the little summer place right over there by Mor- ( ieneral Pershing and his staff back home. man who had snatched victory from laix. And" after a look through field As a civilian newspaperman again after — defeat — the epitome of all that was nearly two years in olive drab, I was valiant, and brave, and unswervingly aboard her, to "cover" the departure of loyal, in that gallant fighting nation the C.-in-C. for the readers of The which was France. Associated Press. I don't think that one of us Americans Most of the formal goodbyes, by the gathered in that room aboard ship, from French general commanding the Brittany HUDSON HAWLEY Pershing down, escaped a tingling thrill 16 The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine at the thought that there stood before us won victory, but to be chastised, humili- writing, but by word of mouth, and the living symbol of the triumph won in ated, spurned and reviled as never was by special personal services of one common. And I don't think a single one great nation in modern times? sort and another. They know full well of us doubted for a moment but that the that my four-and-a-half years of news- victory he had secured was to endure for IN WHAT I shall now have to say, in paperwork in Germany and Italy—three- years beyond our lifetimes. Foch's troops, answer to that question which has and-a-half under Mussolini, one under France's troops, with Americans and been tormenting the minds of all true Hitler—have not warped my judgment British beside them, were mounting guard friends of the old France during all this in the least; far from it, I feel myself on the Rhine. The Kaiser's High Seas past nightmare of a summer, I sincerely today a better democrat, a firmer be- fleet had limped cringingly into Scapa trust that no one will find any trace of liever in the things the French I knew Flow and there been scuttled. To the I-Told-You-So, and above all no enmity have stood for, after having been through East, two proud reborn nations, Czecho- for a people among whom I lived, sol- those two trying experiences under totali- slovakia and Poland, allied to France, diered, studied, worked and played for a tarian rule. were painstakingly working out their good eleven and a half years—before the But let me say, once and for all, that I destinies as the latest comers to the sister- last war, during the last two years of the am an American, (Continued on page 56) LOWED LONG SINCE AN AWHILE

hood of free nations, to serve as bulwarks Two posters of four years omvaremettreca! against the recrudescence of German ago attacking the Popular might. Front government of com- The old enemy was prostrate, torn by munists and socialists. internal dissensions, facing a staggering Above: "Popular Front: bill of reparations. In Berlin itself theie Fall of the franc; revolu- sat an inter-allied control commission to tion; war. National Union: supervise the carrying out of the rigorous Defense of the franc; conditions of his promised disarmament. order; peace." At right: The army of Hindenburg and Ludendorff "Prepare yourself. We've had been reduced to a mere hundred got to do it again! The thousand instead of the marching millions Popular Front means war" of a twelvemonth before, and conscription had been expressly forbidden in future. And—as an afterthought—it had old war, and for eight and a been stipulated in the treaty that Ger- half years, all told, after the many was henceforth to possess no mili- peace of Versailles. My real tary aviation . . . French friends, and I count a Yes, on that September day, just 21 host of them, and of the high- years ago, Foch's France was literally est and best, know how many wulaire sitting on top of the Old World. How, in proofs of disinterested friend- that brief span, as history goes, was she ship I have given their nation in to lose not only all the fruits of that hard- all those years, not only by

SEPTEMBER, 1940 17 . PREVIEW OF WHAT YOU MAY EXPECT

Twenty-Second National Convention,

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18 The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine WHEN YOU ARRIVE IN BOSTON TOWN

The American Legion, September 23-26 By Wallgren

V0t\1 -t^inK AlLTte' WRECKS AOs " raze/ H' Ei<5HTS^~ \- *PoK"t"-*tfeyT& Kip Bostw Mas Pwr Carrv Games for efpec< anv /mo^^'knop^?

SEPTEMBER, 19-0 "

VIRGINIA family was training DURING the World War some A American doughboys had under- a colored girl from the country in taken to teach a French barber how to her duties as maid. On answering the greet his American customers in Eng- telephone the first day she brought no lish. After drilling him for some time message. they pronounced him perfect. Half an "Who was that, Sara?" inquired her hour later the captain of the company employer. came in for a haircut. The barber stood "It wasn't nobody. Mr. Brown. Jes' with towel in hand and repeated the a lady say 'Long distance from New words he had just learned: "O. K., you York" and I say, 'Yes ma'am it suah bone-headed cootie chaser; you're next." "TT WAS so cold where we were," said A DRUNK was standing at a street X the Arctic explorer, "that the corner mumbling to himself. A candlelight froze and we couldn't blow was placing at weekly intervals one policeman nearby came up to him. As it out." company of our regiment on duty along he did so, the drunk said, "It can't be "That's nothing." said his rival. the Rio Grande, and so it finally came done. It can't be done." W here we were the words came out to Company L, of which my brother "What can't be done?" said the po- of our mouths in pieces of ice and we was a member, to go on guard. He being liceman. had to fry them to see what we were a raw recruit listened very attentively "Look at that sign over there," an- talking about." while being given his instructions, as swered the befuddled toper." It says, — to if he heard or saw any Mexicans "Drink Canada Dry." JUDGE "The charge against you. around his post to relay a Sambo, is that you left your wife. report to the next post so That makes you a wife deserter. What it could be relayed to Ser- have you—to say for yourself?" geant of the Guard. Upon Sambo ''Judge, yo don't know dat which he replied. " 'Never woman. Ah ain't desertin'. Ah'se refugee- mind, if I hear or see any in'." Mexicans around my post I can carry the news to the timid soul was in the hands of THE Sergeant lots faster than it a high-powered real estate salesman. can be relayed to him.' He had said yes to everything the sales- said about the house he was being man sergeant swooped shown. Finally: THE suddenly upon the pri- "If I buy, one thing will have to be vate on sentry duty. done." "Here, buddy," he said. "What?" asked the salesman. "Where's that cigarette? I "All the doors and the front gate could swear I saw you will have to be rehung so they will smoking." open outward, on account of my wife." "Jimmy crackers!" ex- "Is your wife superstitious?" claimed the private. "The "No, but she's temperamental, and officer that cam? along just when her temper starts to rise, I want swore he could see green a clear break for the open." tigers and red liens."

NEGRO tramp stopped at a Negro A sir, could I house and knocked. A voice from PLEASE, have the afternoon inside said "Who dat?'' The tramp said, off-" "Who dat?" The voice from inside said, yes. Your grandmother, I sup- "They tried to escape in last "Who dat says who dat when I say who "Ah, night's rain." dat?" pose!" "Exactly, sir. She is making her first 1 parachute jump." I HIS is no joke but really happened I HEAR your uncle got kicked out J. when my brother and I were mem- of the Army." BOY who had left the farm and got bers of the 2nd Fla. Infantry, Fla. Na- "It is true he took a furlong." A letter to job in the city wrote a tional Guard, on duty at Laredo, Texas, a "You mean a furlough, don't you?" stayed on the farm tell- in 1°16," says Wiley Jordan of Bay his brother who "No. he went too fur and stayed too life. In it he Fines, Fla. "The regimental commander ing him the joys of city said: "Thursday we autoed out to the club where we golfed until dark, country YOUNG girl was eating her lunch then picnicked and later motored to A in a cafe, when a young man beach where we week-ended." a nearby walked up to her and said, "You look brother left on the farm wrote The like Helen Black." She replied. "I look back. pretty bad in white, too." 'Yesterday we buggied to town and afternoon. Today we baseballed all the SCOTCH laborer responded to calls muled out to the cornfield and gee- A for help and found the minister sundown. Then we sup- hawed until had fallen in a pit. Before the fellow while. After that pered and piped for a could begin to help, he was exhorted to and bed- we staircased up to our room hurry. clock fived." steaded until the "Weel, weel, ye needna kick up sic a noise." the laborer answered. "You'll no be needed afore the Sawbath an' this is only Wednesday nicht." The American Legion Magazine will pay one dollar for each joke accepted STUDENT failed in all three of Address Bursts A for Bursts and Duds. the subjects he studied at the uni- and Duds, The American Legion Maga- versity. He telegraphed his brother: 15 West 48th Street, New York "Yeah—I know you gotta catch the zine, "Flunked out. Prepare papa." — Don't send postage, as no jokes 8:13 but the neighbors are begin- City. The brother telegraphed back: — nill be returned. ning to object!" "Papa prepared. Prepare yourself." jo The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine EDITORIAL* THE DUTY OF THE PRESENT HOUR

WITHIN less than a month of the time process in a totalitarian world. God forbid that these lines are read The American such a thing shall be, but as prudent men we do Legion will be meeting in its twenty- not exclude that chance, and we Americans have second annual convention and setting its course embarked upon a course which takes into account tor the year to come. In that convention of more the possibility of that very situation arising. than 1400 delegates, representing a membership Events abroad have perforce brought to us unity greater than any the organization has enjoyed in in our attitude toward those outside our borders,

its history, will be concentrated more bed-rock to an extent unparalleled in the memory of men Americanism, beyond question of doubt, than may now living. The program of national defense on be seen anywhere else in the United States. For which we have embarked means sacrifices for every not only are its members picked men and women, element of our population. It costs money—scads persons who were in the uniform of the nation of it— to manufacture guns and tanks, ships and in its fiery trial twenty-two years ago, but they are planes, to train the men who will deal expertly the very cream of that crop— the doers among the with our weapons, who will carry out their as- lour million now alive who served in the armed signments under the most harassing conditions, forces. who in the day of battle die that the nation may The convention, meeting on the eve of a Presi- live. But it is national insurance, and we have dential election in this country, will function as counted the cost. a truly American body, free from partisanship, More than a century and a half ago a man horn sectionalism, from racial and religious bias, named Jones celebrated in imperishable lines the and from economic particularism. The million part which men of character play in determining and more members of the Legion do not need to the course of a nation's history. We of the Legion draw inspiration from their convention to carry have the opportunity in these momentous clays on the great Americanism projects which in every to measure up to the standard set by generations community throughout the nation bespeak the de- of men and women who on this American soil votion of our organization to constitutional Amer- chose toil, danger and pain rather than submit ican democracy. But the convention does definitely to authority which they themselves had not set inspire in them a higher and deeper devotion to a up. In the words of Sir William Jones: type of government which more than any other What constitutes a State? under the sun allows the individual a measure of Not high-raised battlement or labored mound, freedom limited only by the reciprocal freedoms Thick wall or moated gate; of other individuals in the nation. We of the Le- Not cities proud with spires and turrets crowned; hays gion don't need to carry flags, hold parades, sing Not and broad-armed ports, Where, laughing at the storm, navies patriotic songs and commemorate great days in the rich ride; Not starred and spangled courts, history of the nation, but it is our high privilege Where low-browed baseness wafts perfume to pride. to do all of those things, that we may testify before No:—men, high-minded men the rest of the nation that we believe in our Gov- With powers as far above dull brutes endued ernment, that fight we shall to maintain it against In forest, brake or den, enemies within and without our borders. And we As beasts excel cold rocks and brambles rude,— don't mean maybe. Men who their duties know, But know their rights, and, knowing, dare maintain; Prevent the long-aimed blow. VTO MAN living can hope to chart with any And crush tyrant -L the while they rend the chain. ^l sort of precision the course of history in the These constitute a State; next year. It is not impossible that by the time And sovereign law, that State's collected will, these words are read the United States will stand O'er thrones and globes elate virtually alone as the custodian of the democratic Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill . . .

GREATER THAN EVER - - THE AMERICAN LEGION

Previous high mark in membership, 1931 (December 31st) 1,053,909

On August 8, 1940 . . . 1,061,678

SEPTEMBER, 1940 the windows of this room FROMhigh on Beacon Hill, the pattern of the original Boston spreads in hallowed panorama. Just out there, for instance its white Hag pole gleaming in this morning's summer sun against the dark green of the trees, and the deep And so the gray of the Boylston Street buildings be- R e v o 1 u - yond, is Boston Common where British tionary War soldiers once made bivouac. started right Over there is the church where the here, on the sonorous Cotton Mather fought his morning of weekly bouts with the personal and ex- April 19, quisitely malevolent Devil of the Puri- 1775 tans. In the carefully tended churchyard just beyond, a little square of silent green fenced in now by the towering buildings of a newer and noisier civilization, sleep many of the men and women who did their much, or their little, as Ood gave them grace, actually to bring this America, and our American way, into being. There sleeps the mother of Benjamin Franklin, for instance, beneath the stone FOR A RE DEDICATION he himself selected for her and had erected there to mark her resting place forever. And over there against the fence, in that quiet moss-green corner, sleeps that famed Colonial silversmith, Paul Revere. There are others—probably a TO street, COME hundred others. On down the Tremont Street, they call it in these times, there are more in the even older throw a baseball, a circular arrangement to die subsequently of their wounds. churchyard beyond the ancient King's of the paving stones in the middle of a So. regardless of how professional his- Chapel. Some of the names on those busy modern thoroughfare, marks the torians may rate the incident, here the weather beaten slate headstones are spot for all history of the Boston Massa- blood of liberty-loving Americans first historical and traditional. Others mean cre. Historians differ over the significance stained the sod of this nation in protest nothing today. But they are the founding of that brawling clash between a stone- against oppression. There was the veriest fathers and mothers, the national ances- throwing mob of civilians led by a beginning. tors of us all. Negro named Crispus Attucks, and the On down the street is the harbor of the Farther on, on what we in the Army red coated Britishers of an army of occu- famous Boston Tea Party. used to know as the right-oblique, and pation. But British guns spoke and ten To the left, in stately grandeur, still not much farther than a strong man could Bostonians fell, three of them dead, two stands the Old North Church from whose

The famous Whalermen's Statue at New Bedford, Massachu setts. At left, an antique shop on the island of Nantucke

TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL NATIONAL CONVENTION The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine —

y BILL CUNNINGHAM

those flying hoofs through the dark pre- dawn silence was the drum beat of des- tiny bidding freemen awake, arise, to The "rude bring a nation into being. bridge" at Specifically, the flash of those beams across the murky water meant that Concord. Mu- a British column under Pitcairn was nitions stored starting for Concord. The military stores near it were the British of the patriots was the Red Coat objective. That was before the days of objective dive bombers and mechanized columns. Soldiering, in those times, was strictly a hard-way profession. This sort of job meant a swift and secret forced march and actual physical seizure. Maybe this is all just a quaint and old- fashioned myth, to most of us, remem- bered principally through the rather flowery poem of that later-to-come, but long since out-moded literary Colossus of the same region, Henry Wadsworth TO AMERICAN PRINCIPLES- Longfellow. Maybe, to most of us, Paul Revere and his ride are more poem than fact, the significance of it more redolent with memories of some little red school house than factual connection with the birth of democracy. BOSTO/V That's the way it's probably been with most of us here in Boston, as well. tower on that tense night of April 18, where he knew that Church spire was. We've lived and moved and worked all these markers 1775, that lantern blinked its beacon There it suddenly blinked! One light. and played amongst message to the waiting Paul Revere. Clear, pure white and unmistakable, and monuments the historical societies ." and antiquarians have established and "One if by land! Two if by sea. . . it broke through the murk, just a pre-

In the still and chill of that mid-April arranged signal from one militiaman to preserved, and we've never paused to do midnight, from the heights of Charles- another, but, in history's dark night much thinking about them. There are town across a narrow arm of sea water the beacon of a new civilization, a new thousands of Bostonians who've never I can see the Bunker Hill monument off pattern for living and thinking and being. climbed Bunker Hill. Almost every day there this morning shining whitely in the Then another light. of my life, I pass within a hundred Paul Revere's grave, with never sun—Revere must have held that bridle Quickly into his saddle, the lithe sil- feet of close as he stood there to stirrup peering versmith swung, wheeled his mount even a thought of him, nor so much as across some three miles of darkness to toward the west and the sharp tattoo of a glance through (Continued on page 44)

THE AMERICAN LEGION, BOSTON, SEPT. 23-26 SEPTEMBER, 1940 23 * FISH II OCE/li/

When you get marlin aboard your boat you've got to act quickly 'j and carefully. At left, surf casting has its rewards, some of them BARRON C. WATSON pretty substantial

""|™*^EAM trawlers on Georges Banks enough to go column left when they pass

I—««L off Nantucket drag across the by the entrance. So the weir men purse up 9 floor of the ocean a giant mesh a seine in the pound and tumble all the bag with a mouth one hundred fish into dories and sardine boats. That's

feet wide. This catch-all is held open by another way to get fish ; we are speaking wingboards that tow out sideways, like here of getting them by the millions. the paravanes used by navy mine sweep- Now neither of these methods is any ers. After the trawl has been pulled a great fun. This kind of fishing is all

mile or two it is hove up, and its amazing purely for business. But what those sea- contents are dumped on deck. That's one going tanks dredge up from the lower way to get fish. levels in their blitzkrieg rakes across Inshore along the New England and the banks, and the surface and ground New Jersey coasts men build long fences swimmers that the weirs garner in from of brush and poles set at echelon angles their pounds, are the raw and five mate- to the beach. Divers kinds of fish, going rials for a genuine revolution now going about their business individually or in on in the simon-pure amateur sport of formation, arrive at these barriers and angling. are deflected toward the land. Pretty It would astound any stranger to the soon they are steered into enclosures industry to witness the variety of sea called "pounds." Then they keep on life that comes flapping and thrashing swimming around and around inside, out into the kid-boards of a trawler because the silly dopes don't know when the bottom of her net is hoisted into

24 The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine —

the air. And a visitor might see nearly as many different kinds of creatures when a

weir is pulled on a day in the late summer or autumn, the time when the North At- lantic seems most prolific and proliferous. Among other things there would likely be codfish, croakers, cusk and cunners; halibut, haddock, hake, horse mackerel; smelts and sturgeon, sculpins, snappers; perch and pollack, flounders, fluke; dog- fish, dolphins, dollarfish, drums; scups, sea robins, shad and sheepshead; bluefish, bonito, tautog, trout; skates and soles and lumps and ling. I'm just mentioning some that come to mind easily and that gabble off smoothly like the song of the Tobacco Auctioneer on the radio. A great many kinds of fresh water fish live in the ocean a part of the time, and they turn up in these cross-section polls of the sea population. Many tropi- cal specimens appear, too; they have Fishing for tarpon has its mo- wandered up along the western border of ments, and thousands of people the Gulf Stream. give it a whirl in Florida waters. If we move south, down along and in The giant tuna shown at the left Carolina sounds, and around the Florida with its conqueror battled for coasts and cays, a similar census would four hours before it was taken. show more kinds of fish with stranger Below, deep-sea-fishing fans with shapes and colors, swimming faster and their lines out on a boat off Long jumping higher. Island, New York Everything that swims off the East Coast of Florida and through the West

Indies seems to be available (and in is issued by the United States Navy. greater quantity, the Texans and men Why should this plethora of fish of Louisiana and Alabama claim), in around our eastern, western and southern the Gulf of Mexico. national borders be fomenting a revolu- On the other side of the country tion in angling? Because the non-com- well, taking the deep pocket of the Gulf mercial fishermen of America have dis- of Lower California as a sample case of covered, or are now discovering, that

West Coast sea life, it is said that in every finny inhabitant of salt water is there are to be found all the kinds of fish "game," and can be taken on rod and that are native to either side of the con- reel. It seems odd that the game of land- tinents of North and South America, ing fish on light tackle should have plus some that grow nowhere else, and flourished in this country so many years, that all the different varieties appear in and that its devotees should only just the Gulf in better supply, and grow big- now be growing aware of the glorious ger individually. That statement didn't potentialities of following their sport come from an imaginative and enthusi- on and around the margins of the sea, astic chamber of commerce folder; it is but it is a fact. an essentially accurate quotation from Of course a few dwellers on the sea- the United States Coast Pilot, a publica- shore have always caught a few fish for tion for the guidance of mariners which fun and for supper, mostly on handlines, and a little class of wealthy sportsmen have gone after big game salt water creatures for 42 years, since the first tuna (horse mackerel to me), was taken by rod and reel outside Avalon in 1898 and the Catalina Tuna Club was founded. But the great majority of anglers have believed right up to within a year or two that they had to go inland to do their casting. Now there are men who specialize in catching herring with a wet fly; and they get solid enjoyment out of landing the erstwhile sardine, too. Besides learning that all ocean fish are sporting propositions and that they are waiting for baits and lures in fascinating numbers and varieties, the ten million Americans counted as anglers by shrewd sporting goods manufacturers are finding out some other desirable features of ocean fishing. For instance, (Continued on page jg)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 25 — CHAMBERSBURGS '64 THE years just following the AN INCIDENT OF INclose of the War Between the States, groups of ex-Confederate dier. who was reputed to love fighting mony between the late warring sections generals used to gather at While for its own sake—said NO, with some- was apparently inoperative in his case. Sulphur Springs in the West Virginia what profane emphasis. He was done Well, there was a reason, his late highlands to rid their minds of recon- with fighting! He'd just returned from enemies pointed out; remembering the struction bitterness by fighting over old Mexico and the tragic events of the charred ruins of a certain pretty little battles, and their systems of digestive Maximilian regime. He wanted nothing Pennsylvania town—Chambersburg—laid impurities by drinking of the waters. better, he said, than to return to his own waste by the hand of this same John On several occasions General Lee was wide acres on the shores of the Kanawha McCausland when he led his Gray cav- there. So was Beauregard. Joe Johnston River in that part of Virginia which alry battalions raiding into the Keystone came one year, and Texan John Hood. only recently had set up housekeeping State in 'Sixty-Four, forgive the man Among others were Hunton, Echols, for herself as West Virginia. Grant, who had had the temerity to carry lire and believed, line? Lilly, W. W. Loring, and John McCaus- McCausland had paroled the sword north of the Mason-Dixon land. Confederates to go home, do their farm- Not by a jugful! To the White also, on one occasion, ing and live in peace, unmolested so long McCausland lived the life of a recluse. came a fezzed Oriental with seductive as they behaved themselves. He associated with hardly anyone: In offers from the Khedive of Egypt. "And that," said McCausland, who time, no one dared to mention the Would the honorable officers of the late had met Grant and liked him, "is what Chambersburg episode to him. defunct Confederacy care to accept serv- I'm going to do." He especially disliked newspapermen. to the ice in Egypt? The Nile country was then Back Kanawha Valley, to his I think I am the only one of the breed, autonomous; His Exalted Egyptian Nibs, thousands of rich acres, went John in fact, to whom General McCausland sorely needing trained officers, was pre- McCausland to set up as a gentleman opened his heart and, from the accumu- pared to proffer high rank and rich farmer, establish his family. He was a lated bitterness of more than half a monetary rewards to the erstwhile wear- man of large means, although barely century, told his version of the burning ers of the Gray. turned thirty. He lived in a massive of Chambersburg. Beneath his fierce One officer of the lot accepted. He house built of blocks of sandstone quar- bitterness, I found, there lay a pathetic was Major General W. W. Loring. (In- ried by slave labor from the hills on his plea for justice. He had, as said above, cidentally he received fifty thousand a own property. He owned various estates no liking for newspaper writers as a year and the rank of I'asha, and had full and held a great deal of property in St. breed; he charged, and evidently with charge of a fine native army which Louis and other places. So he settled some justice, that they did not accur- shortly came to conclusions with the down. ately report his statements to them. Dervishes in the Sudan.) The others de- But not to the peace and quiet he On several occasions, while I was a cub clined with thanks. anticipated. Living in that border section, reporter on our home town paper, in Strangely, the one Southern officer where Northern sentiment still ran Charleston, I went down the river and whom everyone expected to seize upon strong, he soon discovered his neighbors visited the general, and listened to his recalling all Chambersburg. the offer— tierce-eyed, high-voiced, caus- had an uncomfortable habit of war experiences— but tilings in the late unpleasantness which part, I better than to tic little John McCausland, late briga- Lor my knew might well have been forgotten. Indeed, mention it. That was in 1022. Three for the most part, they shunned him. years later, I went down from New The taking of Chambersburg. On The general amnesty and renewed har- York one Thanksgiving and had dinner opposite page, part of the ruin the Confederates wrought when the citizens refused to pay ransom Rj GARNETT LAIDLAW ESKEW from contemporary drawings in Harper's Weekly

The AMERICAN LEGION Mavazinf The dinner, served in country style, was sumptuous, though the house (his family, all but one daughter, having moved to homes of their own) was rather Spartan in its furnishings. Mostly bri- ABURN/NGf dles, saddles, guns and cases of books along the walls. And a big blaze going in the wide fireplace. After dinner, while the fall rains drowned the outside world, he sat there once again and talked about himself. When he commented favorably on my Times piece I seized the opportunity, and asked him to tell me the real Story of Chambersburg. Suddenly he broke out, his eyes blazing: "I am the most maligned man in this country! They hate me—those people in Pennsylvania—because I burned that town! Let 'em remember their General Pope in V irginia, Sheridan and Hunter in

the Valley and Sherman in Georgia, if they want to learn really about destruction of private property! "But," he resumed his former easy tone, "that's all over long ago, and maybe when I explain the reasons attending

the raid and the burning of the town, it will clear up some of the misunderstand- ing." He drifted off into a reverie but shortly took up his story again, the se- quence of events apparently coming to him readily, as from long remembering. And this is what he said.

BRADLEY T. JOHNSON and I each headed a brigade making up the John McCausland, last of Lee's generals and head advance guard of Early's army, in the of the expedition which burned Chambersburg, Shenandoah Valley in the Spring of '64. Pennsylvania—from a photograph taken around 1920 Sheridan and Hunter had been giving us

pretty warm times of it when an order with him. It came about this way. One least one newspaperman and invited me came, late in June, for Early to move in of the pieces I had written about him down toeat wild turkey killed on hisestate. full force down the Valley towards Wash- had found its way into the New York ington and threaten the Northern capi-

Times. That had pleased him. Then, too, DESPITE his eighty-seven years, the tal. . . . having found out that my grandfather general himself met me at the "You probably don't know it, young had served in the quartermaster's de- station, and rowed me across the flooded man, but the Confederate army came partment of his own brigade in the 'Six- Kanawha to where his Ford car, driven nearer to a big victory right at that mo- ties, he had eased up in his dislike of at by a Negro, awaited us. ment than {Continued on page 62)

4'V, ft II BBS

SEPTEMBER, 1940 27 .

Thorough Organization and Intelligent Energy Crown Pennsylvania's Employment Drive with Success

MANY of the most prominent got busy at the very end of the final year cies, particularly the Department of men and women in Pennsyl- of the 30's that a concerted effort repre- Commerce, under the direction of Richard vania have been spending senting all constructive elements of P. Brown, the Department of Public much of their time in recent citizenship was made in any State to pro- Assistance, and the State Employment months hunting jobs. They themselves vide more jobs. Service, the job mobilizers studied the em- have not been out of work, but they Leaders in government, business and ployment situation in each community, have been trying to find jobs—and have industry, organized labor, American and endeavored to meet existing needs found thousands of them—for their Legion Posts, service clubs, civic associa- by the most effective methods found unemployed fellow citizens. tions, and in education and religion, were available. Their altruism in this matter was more united in the Pennsylvania Job Mobiliza- They influenced industries, large and or less incidental. Primarily they were tion Campaign, which began November small, in adopt or speed up expansion trying to—and did—prevent the neces- 15, 1930, and officially came to an end and maintenance programs, increase sity of adding to the burdens of the (after its termination had been twice sales, eliminate overtime, avoid whole- State's taxpayers for relief purposes. In postponed) on May first. sale seasonal layoffs by spreading work addition to that, their activity yielded A vast organization of volunteer and employment, and to take other other results, from some of which the "mobilizers," numbering in all more than measures calculated to provide jobs.

Commonwealth will doubtless benefit 1 0,000, was broken down from a general They stimulated retail sales; pro- for years to come. state committee into county committees moted training of apprentices and re- Job-hunting, as practiced by individ- in all of the sixty-seven counties of the training of workers for skilled labor; and uals in beating the industrial bushes State, and into many local committees inaugurated a fruitful renovizing cam- for occupational opportunities for them- in each county. There were also State- paign to encourage home-owners to make selves, has been a major activity in this wide committees representing industry needed repairs and improvements to country during the past decade, and the retail trade, churches, the schools, wo- their properties. scarcity of jobs has been a major problem. men's clubs, and business generally. In various communities they brought

Yet it was not until the Pennsvlvanians With the cooperation of state agen- in additional industries, raised money to

Some of the Philadelphia Legion coordinators: Seated, on either side of Dr. A. A. Mitten, chairman of the transportation committee, County Commander Edgar O. Oeters and Vice Commander William I. Stauffer. Standing with Fred Pirmann, transportation board employment manager, Legion- naires Gambino and Leinhauser. At left, renovizers de luxe

The AMERICAN LEGION Maga-Jni train local workers to meet the needs of new or expanding industries, helped settle labor disputes, encouraged and assisted unemployed people to use initiative and market their abilities, and in many instances aided worthy individuals in the establishment of small businesses. The number of additional jobs in private business actually reported to the state committee during the drive was 58,513. This is by no means a complete or accurate measurement. Many businesses did not send in reports, and the reports do not include lay-offs that were prevented. Leaders in the movement who were in the best position to observe its results, credit job mobilization with obtaining or retaining work for at least 100,000 people. The word "mobilization" suggests a type of activity in which Legionnaires might be expected to be called upon to serve. It does, and they did. Leaders in the Department of Pennsylvania helped to formulate the State-wide organization and were key workers in the campaign; and the activities of many of the local committees centered around Legion Posts. "It was a task that needed to be done; it was well done; and we are proud to have had a part in it." was the comment of E. W. Stirling, Commander of the Department of Pennsylvania. Job mobilization in Pennsylvania had

Walter D. Fuller, President of the Curtis Publishing Company and HERBERT GAY SISSON Chairman of the Job Mobilization Committee, at right, shows a campaign poster to Warren C. Bulette, its origin last fall in a meeting of a Joint complished by projects paid for out of one of his aides State Government Commission, com- taxes. Jobs had to be sought in industry, posed of legislators representing both in the stores, on the farms, in the homes political parties. The Commission, as- —anywhere that a man or a woman and he began immediately to build up sembled with Governor Arthur H. James might legitimately be gainfully employed. an impressive State-wide force of volun- and some members of his Cabinet, faced Instead of turning the problem over teer job-producers. some disagreeable facts. Pennsylvania's to politicians or professional bureaucrats, Xo time was wasted in bringing the unemployed numbered more than a the revolutionary decision was made to Pennsylvania Legionnaires into the pic- million. More than 800,000 persons were marshal the human resources of the ture. Commander Stirling, who hails on direct relief, which was costing the Commonwealth in a non-partisan, State- from Yandergrift, near Pittsburgh, and is State nearly nine million dollars a month. wide frontal attack upon unemployment, District Manager of the Sterling Sales Relief funds that had been appropriated and to entrust its guidance to leaders in Division of the Quaker State Oil Refining for the biennium ending May 31, 1941, private business where the needed jobs Corporation; Past National Yice Com- seemed likely to be exhausted by March would have to be found. mander Vincent A. Carroll, who is

1, 1940. To organize and direct the mobiliza- Assistant Prosecutor in Philadelphia It was a question of either reducing tion, Governor James appointed as County; and State Adjutant Edward A. relief costs or voting additional taxes, and C hairman Walter D. Fuller, the Presi- Linsky, also of Philadelphia, sat in with taxes even then were so high that they dent of one of Pennsylvania's most the Chairman and the Executive Direc- were operating as a serious brake on in- famous enterprises, the Curtis Publish- tor at the meeting at which the State- dustry. It was evident that to tax indus- ing Company. Mr. Fuller agreed to head wide organization was formed and the try further would cause still more unem- a realistic effort, not to generate give-a- chairmen of the principal committees ployment and still larger relief demands. job ballyhoo nor promise any solution named. Arbitrary lowering of relief costs at the of the whole problem of unemployment, Commander Stirling, Colonel Vincent expense of the needy was not considered. but to study the employment situaticn in Carroll, National Committeeman J. This left but one alternative—to reduce every community and to take practical Guy Grill th, of Pittsburgh, and Mrs. the relief rolls by finding more jobs for steps to stimulate private business and James P. Paul, of York, President of the the unemployed. encourage the creation of jobs. His views Pennsylvania Auxiliary, all served as Something had to be done to increase were fully endorsed by the state adminis- Vice-Chairmen of the general State Job employment, and it could not be ac- tration and the legislative commission, Mobilization (Continued on page 42)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 29 Oid Man Terrapins

Two mammoth turtles held in TTT'S always a big day in Lepanto, originate their derby? Auxiliare Ethel leash by Legionnaires Otis Bell and i Arkansas, when Willie Lamb Post Bindursky, who describes herself Herman Richards. These are not as a I stages its annual Terrapin Derby. small town newspaper woman, con- racers, they're just for display The town is filled to overflowing tinues the story begun by Mr. Aesop, with an influx of visitors from far and who, no doubt, would have rated as a near and for that day, at least, Lepanto maximum of rib-tickling hilarity for a first class journalist. Says Miss Bindur- is big time news on the air and in the minimum of effort. sky: metropolitan journals. And all because The annual Derby not only furnishes "It was back in the fall of 1930. of the effective press-agentry of a man the tops in entertainment but it has Legionnaire Coleman Jernigan had been named Aesop some centuries ago wedded solved an ever present and always press- on a trip to the West and was telling a to a happy idea developed by Lepanto ing problem of Post finances—in short, bunch of his comrades about a rattle- Legionnaires. this novel and exciting event is a fund- snake derby he saw in Oklahoma. That Willie Lamb Post will stage the tenth raiser as well as a fun-raiser. It has en- story started the wheels turning; the annual Terrapin Derby on Wednesday, abled Willie Lamb Post—twenty-seven members of Willie Lamb Postwere getting September 25th—just when some hun- members in a town of eleven hundred somewhat tired of meeting in an old dreds of thousands of Legionnaires and and ninety-eight —to take a leading part warehouse on a back alley and wanted a affiliates from all America are getting in in the progressive development of its hut of their own. One of the comrades their best licks at the National Conven- home area and to run the full gamut of had a bright idea—Little River was liter- tion at Boston—and this year is looking community service from playing Santa ally teeming with terrapins—why not forward to increased attendance and a Glaus at Christmastime to providing corral a couple dozen or so and try greater number of entries. The promoters funds for black-topping Main Street. them out on a race course? Right there do not promise a record-breaking race; And, in addition, there's a new $8,000 the terrapin derby was started on its terrapins are, after all, somewhat tem- Legion hut, a real community center, to way and without further ado or discus- peramental and do things in their own which they can point with pride—and sion a committee composed of B. M. way and in their own good time. But thank Old Man Terrapin. Atkins. A. B. Bindursky and M. O. they do promise a race that will give a How did these Lepanto Legionnaires Whayne was appointed to work out the

.V) The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine a,

hastens to find the have the alternative of 'bookie' and lays a crossing the line at either dollar on the line. His or end of the blocked-off race her name, as the case course and the first three may be, is placed on a over are declared winners roster, and a number or —with prizes for their 'nom de plume,' payee's owners. In order to prepare choice, is issued. That the local public the Le- number, in turn, is affixed panto News Record issues to the terrapin's back a special derby number with a brad. each year and stay-at- "Then the derby. A homes are enabled to keep details and start the thing going. course of approximately up to the second with the "The first major problem was to get one thousand feet on progress of the race through the terrapins out of Little River. Legion- Lepanto's Main Street the facilities of Station naires Otis Bell and Herman Richards is blocked off. The racers WMC, of Memphis, Ten- were commissioned co-commanders of are brought in and are nessee, which for some the racing paddock, a wired enclosure on caged under a wire con- years past has set up a the bank of Little River where the racers traption in the center of relay station and broad- are kept, after capture, to await their the course. The Master casts the big sporting event day of glory on the turf. Post Adjutant of Ceremonies fires the starting shot and crawl by crawl, direct from the race track. Whayne is the official "bookie," while the cage is lifted, releasing the racers to "Following the derby there are usually the perennial Master of Ceremonies is scamper helter-skelter in all directions a football game, boxing matches and a John S. Mosby, a Legion friend, who with all the fleetness and celerity so street dance. This year an old fiddlers' has served in that role for eight years. characteristic of a terrapin. The racers contest has been added as an additional "For days before the big event there is feature attraction. a lot of good-natured joshing about the "Legion sponsorship of respective merits of the racers by inter- the derby is a community ested backers—they wonder just how service that returns big 'John L. Lewis' will fare alongside dividends in good will,

'Scarlett O'Hara,' and if 'Hitler,' of as well as in a more the landlubber tribe, will again try to substantial way. There's cross Little River with 'hard-back' in- a long record of Legion surgents, as he did last year— if 'Roose- service and contributions velt' will hob-nob w-ith 'Flatfoot- to the public welfare,

floogie' and 'Snow White,' or if 'Hot but there is also a new Shot' and 'McNutt' will plant them- home, the third one selves on the sidelines, glowering with owned since 1930. The rage, and refuse to budge. first home was an old "It's all great fun, and when the big pool hall which the mem- day arrives the town is poised tip-toe bers of Willie Lamb to receive the visitors, newspaper men, moved to their building photographers and Department officers plot. This old building

of the Arkansas Legion. There is usually gave way for a more pre- a parade, a luncheon for visiting digni- tentious budding, erected taries, public speaking, and crowning the from derby receipts aided

Queen of the Derby. Queen Edna by CWA funds, and it McClellan, daughter of Legionnaire C. Starting the terrapin handicap out was in this hut that as many as three B. McClellan, who was selected in 1930, in the middle of the course. Below, hundred refugees were cared for at one will reign until her successor is crowned. The Legion home and community time during the 1937 floods. It went up "So much has been said about the center occupied by Willie Lamb in flames soon after the flood waters crowd and the fun, but nothing about Post—27 members in a town of subsided, but a new and much larger the pay-off—and that's where Willie 1,198 building was erected on the same site— Lamb Post comes in, for the cash money that per-

mits it to do community service work and build houses for itself and the community. There is a pay-off — after sizing up the herd or drove, or whatever one calls a bunch of terrapins, many are seized with an uncontrol- lable desire to make a guess on the winner, and many, after the manner of humankind the world over, back their judgment with a tangible token —even to a piece of silver. When that impulse can be no longer resisted the

judgment - stricken visitor

SEPTEMBER, 1940 31 brick building seventy by fifty-two feet, tured the first three individual high >&fi- with a large ball room, lounging rooms, medals—J. Nielsen, 294; M. P. Nielsen, / We've tad ( ad suwiMey -fo fully equipped kitchen, and rest rooms. 293, and Andy Nygaard, 292. ^decide lotat" The furnishings of the hut were supplied Surface Lines Post's team wrested the by the Auxiliary Unit. Adjutant M. O. championship away from Silver Bow Whayne designed and personally super- Post's team, of Butte, Montana, which vised the construction and as a token of dropped to second place. The next appreciation for a job well done'was given eight teams, in order of standing at the a gold watch at the time of dedication. close of the national competition, are: "This American Legion Hut serves as Municipal Post, San Francisco, Cali-

a real community center. In addition to fornia; N. J. Quen Post, Gatun, Canal providing a place of meeting for Willie Zone; Argonne Post, Des Moines, Iowa; Lamb Post and Auxiliary, dances and Lowville (New York) Post; Ridgewood parties are held there. A public library is (New Jersey) Post; Racine (Wisconsin) maintained in one section of the building, and in addition to providing free space the Post also throws in fuel and light. Other worthwhile contributions to the

community welfare made by the Post is its work in securing a public park and playground; in providing eighty-five percent of the funds for black-topping Main Street; building a public arena; sponsorship of Junior Baseball teams, and assistance on dozens of other projects." Thanks to Old Man Terrapin.

Champion Girls' Rifle Team spon- sored by Thomas A. Edison Post, Detroit, Michigan. Below, the new National Champion Rifle Team representing Surface Lines Post, Chicago, Illinois

jutant I. S. MendenhaU, is celebrating the victory of their girls' rifle team, entered in the Junior Division of the local National Rifle Association matches. This crack-shot team won handily over thirty-seven competing teams. Four of the five young ladies are daughters of Legionnaires. Left to right in the accompanying picture, they are Peggy Patton, Ann Hauser, Marylee Hammond, Sylvia Shoemaker, and Josephine Sullivan.

Standing in the rear is Coach F. J. McSweeney. Edison Post maintains a continuing interest in markmanship activities through its Rifle and Revolver

Club, which is under the direction of E.

J. McSweeney as coach and instructor.

Shrine of Thanks- giving

Legion Deadshots Post; Ralph Caldwell Post, CREATING ~a shrine Portland, Maine; and Gresham out of more than two THE first rifle markmanship event (Oregon) Post. thousand match sticks was of the year, competition for the The new champs, as shown the work of Legionnaire F.

Paul V. McNutt Team Trophy, again in the accompanying picture, J. Moser, while confined broke all records in number of Posts are: Front row, left to right, in the Veterans' Adminis- entered," reports J. W. Woolrey, Na- M. B. Hawkins, J. W. Fehrman, tration Hospital at Oteen, tional Director of Marksmanship. "The G. G. Smith, and J. Nielsen. North Carolina, recover-

champion team, representing Surface Back row, same order, F. J. ing from an illness of more Lines Post of Chicago, Illinois, estab- Hilgarth, George II. Block, Al- than seven years. The lished a new high team score record." bert L. McBride, A. Nygaard, shrine, made in thanks-

Now that is something. In addition to P. J. Diederich, and G. Barn- giving for his recovery and taking down the prized McNutt Trophy hart, coach. to keep his hands and and the national championship, three Thomas A. Edison Post, of mind occupied, required of the Surface Lines team members cap- Detroit, Michigan, reports Ad- more than three months to

3- The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine " a construct and, before taken to his home Ambulance Replacement writes Adjutant Frank Morley of Barnes- at St. Louis, was on display in Asheville. boro (Pennsylvania) Post. "I think Comrade Moser is a member of Quentin '7^\UR Post has just completed a Barnesboro Post rates a record and, Roosevelt Post, of St. Louis, Missouri. drive for funds for a new ambu- therefore, a place in the sun. Our Post lance for community service, " says Charles has a Ten-Year-Membership Club with Paul Revere Rides Again R. Johnson, Chairman of the Ambulance one hundred and nineteen members— Committee of East Greenwich (Rhode most important section in an outfit THE Paul Revere theme as symbolic of Island) Post. "We have had our first which has had a membership running the Legion's Twenty-Second Annual ambulance for nearly ten years and in from one hundred sixty to one hundred National Convention at Boston, Septem- that time have answered more than nine eighty for the past ten years. This year ber 23-26, is further emphasized in the hundred calls. So when we set our quota we have an all-time high with one hun- official 24-sheet poster—with Paul Revere at $3,500 to purchase the new machine, dred and ninety. astride "Deacon Larkin's best horse" we were just a bit surprised when we "During the so-called 'bonus year' semi-silhouetted in black against a ran up the column and found that a Barnesboro Post decided to build a blazing full moon and a night-blue sky. total of $4,700 had been contributed. home of its own. The treasury was next To the Legionnaire "Minute Men" of a "We have never charged for use of to empty; some of the members thought later war and a wider nation, the spirit of the ambulance within the ambulance of a ten-year-membership plan while the day is just as compelling as that area, and our service has been given just the members had money derived from which sent the Revolutionary patriot as freely in charity cases as in the case converting their adjusted compensation galloping across country to awaken his of patients amply able to pay for the certificates. It worked. One hundred and countrymen to the immediate danger of service. So, when our Post asked for help nineteen members signed on the dotted the hour. Paul Revere rides again, and as to buy a new outfit, we had the happy line and their names, inscribed on a he :ides he will be an inspiration to the experience of having people ask if they plaque, now adorn the Post home. half million Legionnaires, their families could contribute to the fund." "The plan was worth a great deal and friends who will meet in Boston at more to the Post than the immediate Convention time. Unfinished Business objective of raising money for a new Announcement has been made that, home— it gave us a working body of ac- to carrv the Paul Revere theme to its WELL, here's another Methuselah! tive Legionnaires and a new place in the Comrade Harold F. Upton became a member of George F. Root Post, North Vo^r Vicrtic--4Wi o' So mat\n"sutY\me*° Reading, Massachusetts, when it was Delicji+s & Alter-nirrs in the of 10 10 and organized summer -fc> State CbKvenHort was elected Finance Officer. He's still serving in that office and has held it con- tinuously since organization with the exception of 1023, when he released his stranglehold on the Post's purse-strings long enough to put in a year as Post Commander. His Post certifies that he has held office every minute of the time since organization, sometimes several offices at the same time— in fact he has managed to squeeze in one hundred and twenty-five office holding years in twenty- confidence and esteem of the citizens of one, going on twenty-two. Here's the our community. Located in a mining record: Finance Officer, 21; Commander, community of three thousand, our

1; Post Executive Committee, 22; Me- $75,000 home is today practically debt morial Day Committee, 21; Custodian free, and our membership is the highest of Town Medals, 22; Americanization, 2; in the history of the Post. That Ten and miscellaneous Post committees, all Year-Membership Club was and is a big totaling 125 years. help."

Shrine built of match sticks by Ten-Year Membership Legion History Preserved Legionnaire F. J. Moser while in hospital. Below, Boston's rousing WE HAVE read with interest of THE Camden County (New Jersey) organization recently poster tells its own story; come to the records made by many Legion made Boston for the National Conven- Posts, and of the things they are doing," provision for the (Continued on page 69) tion and ride again with Paul Revere

utmost, the dedication of the Cyrus Dal- lin equestrian statue of Revere, which was commissioned more than fifty years ago but is just now being erected, has been deferred until Legion Convention week. Then will Americans from all parts of America be privileged to witness the dedication and to have part in the ceremonies. Model completed more than half a century ago, when the sculptor was a young man in his twenties, the statueonly lecently cast will stand in Paul Revere Mall near Boston's Old North Church.

SEPTEMBER, 1940 33 Prisoner of War Labor Camp 1 6, St. Nazaire, the wartime C. O. of which is now a Department Adjutant

14/RO o' THE STOCKADE BUCK privates, whether in the not the liquid), of "Laird o' the Stock- the way, was acquired when Adjutant ranks of the Army or in the ade." Laird was in college and is a shortening ranks of the Legion, are the back- Too many preliminaries? O. K.—let's of the nickname "Skinny." Probably he bone of their respective organi- nominate, and welcome into the Gang, brought himself to that then emaciated zations—ask any of the big shots. And our good friend, R. J. Laird, known to state through his zeal as a track star. this department, having served as one the Legion-at-large as "Skin" Laird, After directing your attention to the of the overwhelming majority of en- Adjutant, Department of Iowa, who photograph of the prison camp, we call listed men during the big fracas of directs the Hawkeyes' Legion activities upon Skin Laird to take the rostrum: twenty-odd years ago, while appreci- from headquarters in the Argonne- "While at home the other day I was ating the need for men in directorial Armory Building, East First Street, Des going through an old trunk and found capacity, still recalls without any bur- Moines. That "Skin," we learned, by the picture postcard that I am enclosing. geoning of pleasure the "officers only" This is the Prisoner of War Labor Camp regulations. That's why it likes the He sevVoolH V;f'Powf fe^Uir-to No. 16, located at Camp No. i, St. kef P stef womewde 1/ ask , Legion dictum, strictly enforced, that voo N Nazaire. France, which I commanded cess I qdV a qirl We* - in Legion circles military titles are osiec US from about April i, iqiq, until in Sep- Mam>lle^!/\€>r 00^' taboo. Sua? M^' tember of iqiq when I sailed for home. But there were good eggs, and plenty "The picture shows only a portion of of 'em, among the officers —just as the stockade. The trap door on the left there are among the higher-ups in the is not a bomb-proof but simply the vege- Legion—and so I know the Then and table cellar. The long building on the Now (iang goes along with us when on left is the mess hall and behind it are rare occasions we can welcome one of two of the buildings used as quarters. the Legion brass hats into our select The remaining buildings were to the circle. This candidate for our recognition right and do not show in the picture. was a machine-gunner, an A. E. F.-er "The gentleman preceding me out of and ended his services on the other side the gate is Colonel George E. Kemp, of the pond as commanding officer of a formerly of the 28th Division, who from German prisoner-of-war camp—hence, December, 1018, until July 10, iqiq, was based on the latter activity, the tricky Administrative Officer of the Embarka- title above, (and most of you guys must tion Camp, St. Nazaire, and served as know your Scotch—speech, we mean, inspector for the entire camp. He had

3 I The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine " The prisoners staged home talent and present Director of Legion Publica- shows, and organized a band and orches- tions, and an active Department Ad- tra with instruments obtained from the jutant. Danish Red Cross. At that time there was a great deal of disagreement among FROM up Bay State way, we finally the prisoners as to the Kaiser and his introduce a comrade who has been conduct of the war. The prisoners them- giving dual service in our veterans' selves gave us very little trouble. The activities. At the time her contribution only punishment that I could give them of the snapshot picture of the group of for infractions of camp rules was to put nurses came to us—some three years them on bread and water. I held court ago—she was serving as Historian of just finished inspecting my 450 prisoners. for infractions and set my own penal- Lieutenant John J. Galvin Post in Green- I might add that this was the same ties." field, Massachusetts, and also as Presi- company that Ray Murphy—one of Incidentally, the "Jim" to whom Skin dent of the Auxiliary Unit of that Post. Iowa's two distinguished Past National Laird refers is no one other than the We rather doubt if such a record of ser- Commanders — inspected one evening Company Clerk's C. O., James F. Bar- vice has been often duplicated. So we're while he was en route home as an officer ton, Director of Publications for the particularly proud to present to the of the 28th Division. Ray stated it was Legion, and Skin's predecessor as De- gang Miss Julia Mowry, ex-Army Nurse the only honor that had been accorded partment Adjutant of the Legion in Corps, who served with several hospital him in France. The prisoners wondered Iowa. When Jim Barton advanced to units in the A. E. F. This is what she for days who the big man was, and won- the office of National Adjutant at Indian- told us in her letters: dered if his visit forecast their being "Every so often I read in Then

- sent home. Sim- we Offnf +d be (j'»iav\ Eveftj dat\ 1 and Now that women veterans "I was a first lieutenant in the Second Laboe D04 ik\ -UVis seldom send material for your de- 5 \ks ". Infantry of the Iowa National Guard Labor Va^ (A^m4, KidJo !! partment, so I'm going to be the when it was called into active service in exception to that rule, and am May, 191 7. We went to Camp Cody, enclosing a snapshot which will New Mexico, and I was assigned to the probably interest quite a few of 126th Machine Gun Battalion, 34th my former fellow nurses. The snap- Division, as a first lieutenant in Company shot was taken at the railroad A, of which Jim was the captain. In station in Toul, France, while

August of 191 8, I was promoted to a our group of nurses was waiting captaincy and Jim and I were instructors for the train that would take us in the Machine Gun Section of the Fourth on the first leg of the long, long Officers Training School at Camp Cody. trail back home. I am the fifth I was then assigned to the Machine Gun nurse from the right. I recall the Company, 135th Infantry, of the same names of only two of the other Division, and went overseas with that nurses—Miss Steward from West outfit in the fall of 1918. apolis, in 1925, Skin Laird took over his Virginia, second from right, and Miss "The 34th Division was broken up former job and has been carrying on Hill, third from right. Perhaps we shall just before the Armistice and I became since. hear from the other women. We were of a casual. I was sent in December, 1918, So there you discover a whole bevy the Justice Hospital group. to command a Prison Escort Company of Legion notables from the State where "I haven't the exact date when the in St. Nazaire. My duties consisted of the tall corn grows—a Past National picture was taken, but it must have been commanding the company and the 450 Commander, a Past National Adjutant around the latter part of March or in German prisoners in the camp. These prisoners were assigned to various work details, under guard of my men. They did sanitary work in the Embarkation Camp and at the Base Hos- pital, and repaired roads. "The most amusing thing to me was the small pieces of baloney, black bread, cakes, cups of rancid fat and small chunks of fat pork that the prisoners' relatives in Germany in- sisted upon sending them, because they felt the men were being starved by the Americans. They did not know, of course, that the prisoners were fed the same rations as those given the American soldier. The prisoners advised the relatives not to send them food as they were well cared for, but the relatives refused to Homeward bound! A group of Army nurses await believe them. The food was their train at the station in Toul, France—the just wasted. first leg of their trip back to the States in 1919

SEPTEMBER, 1940 35 stice I served with Base Hospitals 83 and 87, both situated at Toul. "During December, 1918, ten of us nurses, with a lieutenant and four enlisted men, started out in a truck for a two-day trip to the front and over some of the ground where fighting had been going on while we were with Evacuation Hospital 10. We did not travel a great distance but certainly got a good idea of real devastation. About six o'clock of the first evening, we arrived near a deserted village consisting of only shells of buildings, and what should happen but our truck fell into a shell hole. It

took the men nearly two hours to jack it up and get it back onto the road. Mean- while we nurses found a house with floors

still intact, but no doors, no windows. "We built a fire in the fireplace and in spite of dense smoke, cooked our supper in pans we had brought along. We had bacon, fried potatoes, bread, butter, jam and coffee. Then we curled up in our blankets and tried to sleep on the floor, but without much success. Next morning we continued as far as Dun-sur-Meuse, but because of heavy rain, did not go to Verdun as we had planned. Further- more, one of the girls had had the misfortune of spraining her ankle the night before while gathering wood for our lire. "So many of my war experiences now seem so much like dreams that I have to pinch myself to realize that it was really myself who lived through those days. I suppose that is true with most veterans. I should like very much to hear from the girls and the officers and men with whom I served, particularly those who made the tour with us."

WE'LL have to admit that while our women comrades are still a bit lax about sending in wartime pictures and stories, the gobs have certainly snapped out of it during the past several years and have been well represented in these columns. A blanket invitation is

Her former O. D.-cIad passengers will no doubt remember the U. S. Transport Matsonia, above. More thousands of veterans will recall the American docks at Bassens, up the Gironde River from Bordeaux—at top

early April, ioicj, as I sailed for home northeast of GHQ, Chaumont. I did not April 25th on the Cap Finistcrc (a former stay there even one night but was sent German liner.) We had many delays on to Evacuation Hospital No. 10 from the beginning of our journey at situated at Froidos, a small village in the thai slation in Toul all the way to Brest, Meuse-Argonne sector. Was there from but we were all happy on that day be- September 30 to November 5, 1918—all cause we were on our way to the good through the battle of the Argonne. I was ol.l U. S. A. told the night of our arrival that there

"Even though 1 have always been a were five hundred American boys await- resident of Massachusetts, I spent ten ing operations. We were taken in through months in Camp Gordon, (leorgia, and the receiving ward at 12:30 A. m., and I was attached to Hospital Unit 59 from think 1 wouldn't have been surprised Louisville, Kentucky, for overseas' serv- had they told us there were twice that ice. Its base was located at R i ma u court, number of wounded. Haute-Marne, France — the railhead "For several months after the Armi-

36 The AMERICAN LEGION .1/ - — — —

still extended to veterans of all branches adopted by the 144th Field Artillery of service to submit their prize pictures known as the 'California Grizzlies' —in that doesn't include posed group pictures which regiment Battery A was com- —with supporting accounts. manded by Peter B. Kyne, the writer. The salt-water ex-gob who represents The boy had been smuggled aboard the the Navy in this issue is Benjamin Potter, transport under the cover of the big who did his principal hitch as cook ist brass drum of the regimental band, and class aboard the U. S. Transport Mat- showed up after the ship was three days sonia, whom many of her O.D.-clad at sea. Captain Kyne agreed to adopt passengers will no doubt remember. the lad and I have a clipping from the Comrade Potter belongs to an all-gob New York Evening World of Saturday,

Post of the Legion, Old Glory Naval January 4, 1919, showing Captain Kyne Post of Brooklyn, New York, in which and the French lad—the latter in full, city he lives at 645 Ocean Avenue. Here though miniature, American uniform. I is his yarn submitting the two pictures wonder whatever became of him? which you will see reproduced: "To get back to my story: I picked up "Enclosed you will find two wartime Marcel as he skidded by and he then pictures for our Legion magazine, pro- pointed to something in a French dic- vided you can use them. One of them is a tionary he was carrying—I don't recall stern view of the Transport Matsonia just what. But anyway, it developed he on which many members of the A. E. F. Matsonia, when 1 was in charge of the was lost and was looking for Captain were passengers, while the other shows galley, we sailed from St. Nazaire very Kyne. I found the captain on the main the American docks at Bassens, the port near the end of 1018. About two days fleck with the two Police dogs he was established forty-five miles from the out the sea got mad at us and tossed the also taking home with him, and I de- mouth of the Gironde River and seven Matsonia around like a cork. I told my livered Marcel to his sponsor. But some- miles above Bordeaux, through which cooks on watch to lash down every- how I kept Marcel's French dictionary. tens of thousands of American troops thing in the galley, but one item they If we could find Marcel, I'd like to return cleared. couldn't lash down was a collection of his book to him." "The picture of the Matsonia was about a hundred pairs of eggs that were taken shortly after the U. S. S. Hender- frying on the big galley range. They also COURIERS — those motorcycle de- son, another transport, had crashed into overlooked about five hundred pounds liverers of messages between units her stern. The damage was slight, but of sugar which was in containers near have not been entirely overlooked in these some of it may be seen in the picture. the huge coffee urns. The ship listed to columns, but it has been a number of "The soldiers in the other picture were starboard about sixty-five degrees and the years since we have heard from any of the about to board the Matsonia and the eggs and sugar went flying down the ex-speed demons. Now through the good

Henderson for their trip back to the The mail—and official messages offices of W. S. Clark of ,30c) North States. Some of the men shown told me must go through! Above, the Washington Street, El Dorado, Kansas, that they had had nothing to eat all demon motorcycle riders of the who belongs to Captain Edgar Dale Post day before embarking. It seems that the Message Center, Headquarters of the Legion in that city, we meet a team of mules attached to their chow Troop, 3 5th Division, at Com- gang of men in this particular branch of wagon had been frightened by a passing mercy, France, 1919 service. They are pictured in these freight train and had bolted just as the pages, and following are extracts from a soldiers were lined up to be served their most interesting but too-lengthy (space slum. Slum was dumped all over the deck. Whatever the scuppers failed to considered) report that Comrade Clark dock. But being homeward-bound was stop, the bake shop got. sent along with the photograph: more welcome than chow, so they didn't "But among the things that went "I am sending to you a picture of the gripe much about the lost eats. flying by the galley was Marcel Dupuys, personnel of the Message Cent.er, Head- "On another of my trips aboard the a ten-vear-old French lad who had been quarters Troop, (Continued on page 64)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 37 —

38 Pershing at 80

{Continued from page j)

and a far better known part of our history officers to set things in order and to make tingent in the field. Two days before than the campaign of 1918. The crossing the Army conscious of the basic outlines Pershing's arrival in Washington these of the Meuse by the Fifth Division was of military organization in the contem- small expectations were carefully set down in many ways a more striking and diffi- porary world. But no army had actually in a letter from the Secretary of War cult operation than the battle of Chat- come into being in this sense. The work to the President —a letter published by tanooga —how many Americans have in the Philippines, like the bushwhack- Colonel Frederick Palmer in The Amer- ever heard of it? Not a single textbook ing police operation against Villa, had ican Legion Monthly of December, 1930, of American history is con- but which communication has scious that any such thing as passed practically unnoticed the attack of November ist from that day to this. ever happened. In a general May 8, 19 17 way, it is cheerfully agreed My Dear Mr. President: that there was a glorious The plan for an expedi-

victory—but let us not go tionary force to Prance is into the details. in this state:

In the same way the bring- I am directing General ing into being of the Ameri- Pershing, by cipher des- can Army in France has patch, to report in person to me in Washington. come to be rather taken for He has been confidentially in- granted. In a vague way it is formed of the object of this realized that from very small order. When he arrives beginnings General Pershing here, I will have him select had to build up by degrees one or two trustworthy what became a very large aides and go to Prance at Army. What is not realized once, sending back word

is that without him no upon important matters in American Army would have connection with the expeditionary force in been in the war at all Quite which the meantime will be apart from the building-up assembled, consisting of process he carried out in about 12,000 men, all of France, General Pershing Don't you think you should tidy a bit up them from the Regular made the contribution of before inspecting this Division, major?" Army, with the possible deciding to have an Army exception of one regiment and of setting about the task without been carried along on the old regimental of marines, the Marine Corps being par- delay. Had he marked time in Paris basis. A single company was a respectable ticularly anxious to participate in the while someone in Washington waited force for the type of operations in hand; first expedition, because of a tradition in the for the question to arise; had he himself a battalion all in one place amounted Marine Corps that it has always done so in our past history. dawdled and wondered and pondered, to a rather important command. Brigade I have taken up with Air. Denman the or taken refuge in the fact that the and Division were familiar military terms question of providing the transportation Government had put no responsibility —but in the United States Army of 1014 and he is studying the question. In the for prompt action upon him—in any no such thing existed in the flesh. No meantime, the force will be assembled of these events the A.E.F. would have Division had existed since 1865, and the and ready to send, and will be embarked been no more than a showing-the-flag remark used to be made in France that even before General Pershing arrives in proposition until anno domini iqiq. even the highest officers of the Regular France, unless transportation difficulties It was in no way surprising that the Army had never, before 1017, seen a full intervene. War Department had not made up its infantry brigade assembled and waiting It has been determined that the force mind on this essential point before the word of command. As for a field shall cooperate with the French land Pershing came on the scene. Practically army fully set up with all its equipment forces. Our present belief is that for this speaking, there had been no such thing and Services—even a modest force such reason they should be armed in France, both with the French rifle and French as an American Army in the field since as the British had sent to France in igi4 artillery, the French Government having the close of the Civil War. The force —any such thing as this was known only offered so to arm them and several other sent to Cuba in i8c8 was not an or- to the paper studies of the War College. divisions of the same size if we send them field hit or ganized army but a miss col- Furthermore, when Pershing arrived in over. The advantage of using French lection of regiments under a slapstick Washington in May, 1917, fresh from arms and ammunition is in not necessi- effort of improvised Headquarters and the Mexican border, no preparations tating the transportation and supply of Staffs. Regulars, Volunteers, and Na- had been made for putting together any our own arms and ammunition and the tional Guard units shoved their way for- such phenomenon. Even the question as maintenance of an uninterrupted supply, ward to the pier at Tampa where the to whether the thing would be attempted the French having an adequate supply on hand. So small a force would of course troopships lay helplessly waiting until had not been seriously considered. be unable to take over for its independent they were taken by storm. Walter Millis, In Washington, accordingly, Pershing operation a portion of the front, and in The Martial Spirit, has recorded the was given command not of an army but would have to be used as a mere division unforgettable scene and the total inno- of a remote and wholly questionable of the French army. An entirely differ- cence of any idea of method or organiza- hypothesis. The Expeditionary Force he ent type of weapon and different size of tion which lay behind it. was to take to France was to consist ammunition would therefore be an The reorganization of the General of a single infantry Division, and even element of confusion which ought to be Staff and the War Department by Elihu as to the future there was then no ex- avoided. Root had allowed a new generation of pectation of maintaining a larger con- After this division is safely in France

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine — 39 and is training, General Pershing can over "the French having a sufficient that it should come into action as soon advise us of conditions and of the wisdom supply on hand." It would, in short, be as possible. divisions be of sending other over to a simple and effortless matter for all General Pershing sailed on the Baltic trained in conjunction with the one al- concerned. The bands would play; the on May 28th. He landed in England on ready there, but my military associates flag would fiy; and the 12,000 Regulars June 10th, and reached Paris June 14th. here believe that it will be necessary to would stay permanently in line (appar- "It was on the Baltic " he notes in his have a division of troops on this side ently) in order to keep up the "stimu- memoirs, "that I tentatively decided ready to follow fairly shortly, so as to — get the advantage of the training re- lating effect" upon Frenchmen. that as a beginning we should plan for ceived by the first division, and be able Most striking of all, even in this earliest an army of at least 1,000,000 men to

to supplement it should battle losses or day we find looming up in advance the reach France as early as possible. Pre- sickness diminish its numbers. well-known martyr complex. Our Govern- liminary consideration was also given The General Staff here believe that ment had declared war on Germany for to such important subjects as the com- the despatch of this force will for a its own reasons and on its own initiative, position and organization of our forces; while satisfy the sentimental desire of without—as yet—any consultations with where they could best operate for decisive the French people to see American sol- the French and the British, and still action; their relation to the Allied diers on the front, and that it will have less with any arrangements with them armies; and the availability of shipping an enormously stimulating effect in for the France. They believe, however, that as to carrying on our war with Germany transportation and supply of our very constant pressure will be brought to without us. Nothing had been done—as troops." bear from France for further forces, and yet—about loans or financial support With these few words, by this simple that the offers of England and France to for our various non-Allies. Yet even at decision, the United States of America place their training camps at our disposal the outset, by some strange kink of per- entered the war. Without this, we would to complete the training of partially spective, we find the idea of taking a real have remained out of it. trained bodies of men will be pressed hand in the work of fighting held up as On July 6th, Pershing cabled. "Plans upon us, so that they urge me to keep in a danger to be on guard against—an should contemplate sending over at least mind the possibility of this sort of insist- unnatural product of French or British 1,000.000 men by next May." ence from the French and British mili- "pressure." With this cable there into being tary authorities. came I would be very glad to have your Oddly enough, long before this date the A.E.F. The War Department had approval of so much of this program as conscription had been decided upon by never thought of such a thing before, no

is involved in the immediate despatch of the Administration and had been pre- plans or preparations for such a thing General Pershing and his aides to France sented to Congress—the Selective Service had yet been made, and the very idea to study on the ground the conditions Act, in its original form, had passed both had not been seriously considered. On prepare for the reception and and arming Houses of Congress more than a week the very day that Pershing sailed a of our troops which are to follow him. before Mr. Baker wrote the above letter. memorandum from the acting Chief The plan is, however, of course, as yet Why? Merely as an unanswered histori- of Staff set down on record the exact wholly flexible; and if any feature of it cal question, why the immense stir and state of mind in Washington: seems to you to need change, it can be conformed to your wishes. effort of nation-wide Selective Service "General Pershing's expedition is being

Respectfully yours in order to keep in the field one Division sent abroad . . . solely to produce a moral

Newton D. Baker of Regulars—and in addition a Marine effect. . . . Our General Staff has made

regiment? no plan . . . for the prompt despatch of

By this springtime vision of 1017, considerable forces to France. . . . The

accordingly, our American military par- . . GENERAL PERSHING, all on his French General Staff evidently think . ticipation in the war was to be limited own, soon provided the answer to that a small force for a moral effect is to a single Divisional front—the second this unasked question. Without any urg- quite soon to be followed by a large force Division which might "follow fairly ing from French or British, and before for physical effect. Thus far we have no shortly" being conceived merely as a setting foot upon the soil of England or plans for this." replacement unit. The stirring sight of France, he provided a raison d'etre for General Pershing's cable introduced 12,000 hard-boiled Regulars was relied the 1,000,000 men soon to be registered the element of physical effect. Without on to "stimulate" the French to fight for service throughout the United States. it, and without its having been sent so on alone throughout an indefinite future With no mission from his own Govern- promptly, the A.E.F. would have re- —whike the U. S. A. helped out in the ment to worry himself about the question, mained a faint and feeble symbol of war by absent treatment, applied from no indication that it was in any way his moral effect; i.e. an intention to hang this side of the Atlantic. Even the con- responsibility, and least of all with any about aimlessly on the outside fringes tributing of guns and munitions would sort of hint that there was such a thing of the war. be unnecessary—a main advantage of as hurry, Pershing presently took the General John J. Pershing brought us this one-divisional war, as Mr. Baker decision that our part in the war would in. Although we have waited, it is right pointed out, was that we would not even be to fight, that an army of less than that we should recognize it now—as he have the bother of carting our own stuff 1,000,000 would not be enough, and reaches his eightieth birthday.

Qo Fish in the Ocean

(Continued from page 25)

one doesn't have to buy a license to take fish and their like. And these giant fish tion it continues right through the year. salt water game as a recreation. No war- are no longer exclusively the playthings This is true not only in sunny climes but den is going to turn up to say that the of millionaires. Under the system now also up in the Northeast with its snows luckless sportsman has too many of one prevailing in Florida in the winter and and frigid winter. Every day all through kind, or the season hasn't begun yet. from Cape May north to Maine in the the cold weather, at least one big ex-yacht Another intriguing factor in ocean summer and autumn, big game fishing puts out through New York Harbor, angling is that practically all the game has become more a sport of the millions for a long day of enjoyment on the is big, either by comparison with fresh than of the millionaires. open Atlantic. water varieties, or absolutely big in the Salt water angiing has seasons, due to And finally, to get to the most practi- case of broadbill and marlin and king- fish migrations, but as a general proposi- cal phase of the (Continued on page 40)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 40 Qo Fish in the Ocean

{Continued from page jo) whole subject, ocean fishing is one of the yachts of around the Gay Nineties period, this type for a day, the boat and her most economical out-of-door sports in now fitted out with diesel motors. Others skipper, and maybe a mate, is his own this country. Tackle is cheaper than ever are big ex-rum runners. Just about all the private outfit. It costs from $25 to $50 before, due to the rapid growth of de- no-footers built to chase submarines in but the boat can accommodate from mand. Fishing ports ring the nation so W orld War days are serving out a hale three to six, so the final split-up doesn't that transportation fares or gasoline come old age in the party boat business. come so high, considering that the outlay only about to the price to the nearest spot Still others are vessels specially con- may bring a 600-pound tuna. Some on tide water. Once there, a man can just structed for this new trade, which is a charter boats furnish the heavy tackle walk out on a dock to drop a line in, required for big game, and others or stroll along the beach and make don't a cast. Or he can hire a rowboat for Primarily, the charter craft along a dollar, so he and his buddy can the sea coasts where trophy fish are drift and anchor and drink and eat found are in the business of intro- and "chew the fat" and fish the ducing their customers to that sort live-long day. of game. That is, the Florida and Between early April and some Gulf country, New Jersey, outer time after Armistice Day a famous Long Island in the summer and train called the Fish Special runs New England in the autumn; and, from New York to Peconic Bay and of course, Southern California. The Montauk, the latter place i.n captains of the big fish boats often miles away at the end of Long migrate between Florida and the Island, for a round-trip fare of North on the Atlantic Coast to take $1.50. At Montauk the passenger advantage of the movements of fish may cast into the surf at no extra and sportsmen. These captains are cost and enjoy some of the best experts whose professional coaching striped bass fishing in America, Living the life of Reilly in a Murphy bed is included in the charter. It makes with a good chance of hooking a a difference, too, when a sports- weaklish or a bluefish in season, or per- highly profitable business. Tarty boats man is hooked to a monster that he will haps getting a blackfish on bait, and no can carry up to 100 passengers or more. have to chase and play for some hours, telling what he might get connected with Usually they start out early in the morn- that there is a firstclass man handling among the innumerable tinny specimens ing—or earlier than that, some of the the helm and engine. that come prowling around that headland New York fleet, for example, having There are more charter boats than Down in the Gulf there has grown up sailing hours soon after midnight. party boats. They must really run into a custom of hiring oneself taken well The fare for a day on a party boat runs the thousands. The port of Brielle, New offshore and dumped overboard on a shal- from $1.50 to $2.50. If it leaves in the Jersey, docks more than 100 of them this low bar. A gunnysack hung around the evening for a long run to outside banks year, and they can be hired all around neck is the creel. The motherboat, a and a whole night and day at sea, the the edges of the United States. motor craft, will be back to pick up the price will be three or four dollars. Bait Most salt water anglers eventually customers for the homeward-bound trip is free aboard most party boats. Some of get the urge to do battle with big fish, about the time when the tide gets up to them provide rods, and usually they and there doesn't seem to be any reason the armpits of the shortest boys. Out on serve a good fish chowder, on a hospi- why they can't all do it. A man doesn't the West Coast, where the water isn't tality basis. have to be in the leisure class or belong so shallow, there is a somewhat similar Apparently nobody has ever counted to a club, to try it, and despite all the scheme, only in this case the patrons are up the number of fishing party boats, horrifying tales about tuna warfare, it towed out and left anchored in little row- but there must be many hundreds of appears that someone less than a person boats. I think those expeditions cost them, perhaps thousands. The fleet at of abnormal strength can lick a pretty around one dollar a rider. ^lKTp>head Hay, a subway and jitney fair-sized fighting fish. Last year a .14- The wind is being tempered to ride from the heart of New York City, year-old boy landed a 426-pound tuna in the shorn lamb by selling fishing trips includes around 6o boats this summer. 0^4 hours, and a girl of 13 took one of on the installment plan. Next winter About every place anywhere near a city 475 pounds in about five hours. The the Pennsylvania Railroad will take that has a docking berth on salt water North American record was held for a trainloads of sportsmen (or women) to has at least one of them. time by John S. Martin of the editorial Florida for four days' fishing. The whole These excursion-size fishermen take staff of Time Magazine. His tuna weighed jaunt, including hotel accommodations, their patrons out to catch whatever 821 pounds, and was landed with one boat hire, bait, meals and transportation can be hooked while at anchor—they hand, because Mr. Martin lost his left comes to something under St 00, and a can't very well go trolling, because so arm in a duck gunning accident when he New York bank has been collecting the many poles and rods and lines sprout was a boy. Up until last fall a more subscriptions since last winter in indi- out from one when in action, that if the recent record was held by a young fellow vidual accounts opened with one dollar ship tried to fish when under way, the who went out of Shelburne, Nova deposits. lines would be braided into a cable astern. Scotia, on his first big game fishing ex- But what has really made deep sea But the skipper of a party boat is wisely pedition and reeled in a tuna weighing fishing, including the biggest of big game determined to place his crowd right over 864 pounds. Three weeks later Jack hunting, practicable for people of average some spot where they can find plenty of Manning of Los Angeles set forth from and low income, are two remarkable action, and they do generally find what a Nova Scotia harbor and got one of 800 institutions known as the party boat and they are out there for. Also all hands pounds. Tuna don't grow quite as large the charter boat. have a gorgeous time. on the West Coast as they do on the A party boat is a pretty good-sized The charter boat has a different func- East Coast, but the Californians hold craft. Many of them are former steam tion. When a sportsman acquires one of the record, at present, anyway.

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SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine 42 Jobs for 58,513

(Continued front page 2g)

Committee. The Legion furnished either but by no means the only activity of the tial campaign expenses out of their own the Chairman or Vice-Chairman of most feminine contingent. purses. The coffers of the State were of the County committees. Campaign Women's clubs promoted domestic nicked for only $42,656 for the entire bulletins were disseminated from Depart- employment by urging members who five-and-a-half months of campaigning.

ment Headquarters in Philadelphia to could afford it to hire assistants in the Private funds were raised for the salaries the Posts throughout the of only three full-time work- State. ers, including the Executive The Chairmanship of the Director, who was William highly important Statewide A. Hemphill. An eminent Committee on Industrial construction and manage- Development was accepted ment engineer, Mr. Hemp- by Commander Stirling. It hill was loaned by his firm, was the task of this com- Day and Zimmermann, of mittee to contact industries Philadelphia, for the dura- in all parts of the State, in- tion of the drive. He ob-

lluencing them, if possible, tained the loan of some of to create jobs by carrying the workers in the various out expansion programs, State offices, who served as moving up such programs an office staff and as field scheduled for future years, men to contact and aid the and bridging seasonal gaps various County and local in unemployment, and other committees. methods. Exactly how many people With fifty members, each were removed from relief a recognized leader of some rolls as a result of the cam- I suppose you still think you're a woodsman branch of industry, the In- paign is not known. The em- dustrial Development Com- ployment produced was not mittee contained some of the most widely home. In connection with this effort, limited to relief cases, and many of the known men in the State. Such leaders as the women discovered in a number of reports of placements do not disclose

J. Howard Pew, of the Sun Oil Company; communities a need for proper wage whether or not the person employed was H. W. Prentis, Jr., of the Armstrong standards, which was holding back em- on relief. But the campaign, no doubt, Cork Company, who also is President ployment of that type, and enlisted the had much to do with substantial de- of the National Association of Manu- cooperation of the Secretary of Public creases in the State's relief load that were facturers; and Henry Rohmer, President Assistance and the County Boards of noted during its progress. In April, 1940, of the Pittsburgh Steel Company, carried Assistance to establish in certain coun- the total number of people on State and enough weight in their respective branches ties minimum wage rates for unskilled Federal relief in Pennsylvania was lower of industry to produce remarkably sub- workers. than in any other April since organized stantial results. Through their combined Another important discovery made by unemployment relief was started about efforts, expenditures of more than $100,- the women was that of a State-wide eight years ago. Instead of becoming ex-

000,000 by the industries of the State field for "Household Aides." They found hausted by March 1 , ashad been feared, the for expansion and deferred maintenance in every part of the State opportunities State's relief appropriation held out until were reported. In addition, there were for girls with sufficient training to come May 1 , and the Legislature was able to ar- expenditures of more than thirty million into a home where there is sickness, man- range for the continuance of relief for the dollars which could not fairly be attri- age the household, and perform routine rest of the year through a transfer of buted to the Job Mobilization campaign, child-care and sickroom duties under the funds. but most of which would not have been supervision of a physician or visiting Probably in no other way was the job spent until 1941 but for the wish to co- nurse. They sought and obtained the mobilization more beneficial than in operate in the movement. cooperation of the American Red Cross, gathering information on all phases of The renovizing drive, according to which conducts classes in Home Hygiene the unemployment problem and impart- reports tabulated up to May 15, had and the Care of the Sick, and of the State ing this knowledge to the public. The stimulated the expenditure of $18,042,- Xursing Association, to provide instruc- State Employment Service knew that 700. Many property improvements, tion in work of that type in areas in which there was a shortage of skilled labor in which were not reported to the Commit- the demand for such work was marked. the State, because between July and tee, doubtless, were inspired by the cam- Official reports show that more than December, 1Q30, it had been unable to paign. This feature of Job Mobilization 4,000 jobs were mobilized by the Wom- fill as many as 12,000 job opportunities was continued after the main campaign en's Committee, but here again the for lack of qualified job applicants. But stopped, and by the end of the year, reports do not tell the whole story, and the seriousness of this lack of trained according to conservative estimates, the effects of such endeavor do not come workers, which affects about 300 classi- should have resulted in the expenditure to a halt with the formal conclusion of a fications of employment, had not been of something like $75,000,000, of which campaign. fully analyzed nor grasped by the gen- from 50 to 70 percent will go into pay- Conspicuously aggressive leadership in eral public until this army of leaders in rolls. the women's activities was contributed all walks of life set out to create more The launching of the renovizing cam- by Mrs. Paul. Traveling at her own ex- jobs. Then things began to happen. paign and instruction of home-owners in pense, she visited every County in the For one thing, the Educational Com- its "Three R's"— re-painting, re-rooting, State and personally selected the chair- mittee, which was headed by Dr. Thomas and remodeling—devolved for the most men of the County women's committees. S. Gates, President of the University part upon the Women's Committee, Numerous other chairmen and com- of Pennsylvania, and composed of Deans headed by Mrs. Paul. It was a leading, mitteemen also cheerfully met substan- of Schools of {Continued on page 44)

Thi AMERICAN LEGION Magazine 43

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For Penn's "Land of the Woods" soon will be wearing its scarlet and golden best to welcome visitors. Lucky you ... to have a vacation

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SEPTEMBER, 1940 —

44 Jobs for 58,513

{Continued from page 42)

Engineering throughout the State, has ment, which by no means ended with the much for Mrs. Paul and other able set up a new organization called the conclusion of the campaign. A permanent representatives of the American Legion, "Pennsylvania Association of School and committee of leaders in the effort is now and for my associates in the Committee College Placement." This is a movement working with the State Department of on Industrial Development. I can't to coordinate the efforts of business and Commerce to further the results. refrain from mentioning the outstanding educational institutions in producing "I regard the Job Mobilization Cam- cooperation of John F. Wise, of the adequate job opportunities for graduates paign as one of the most constructive Pennsylvania Central Power Company, and sufficiently trained graduates for the efforts it has ever been the privilege of Allentown, who represented the public job opportunities. of the Department of Pennsylvania to utilities on my committee. His company Not only were problems found, but in assist in promoting," Commander Stir- advanced the building of quite a number some districts, practices that had proved ling said. He praised Chairman Walter of power plants several years to give highly advantageous. InWilliamsport, for D. Fuller highly for his sane and effective impetus to our campaign. The State example, a re-training program conducted leadership, adding: administration, too, was unstinting in by the local school district, using high "It wasn't enough for him to take on its co-operation, and Richard P. Brown, school shops and laboratories, and sup- the responsibility of organizing and pre- Secretary of Commerce, was particularly ported by a number of community and siding over the campaign, but he also helpful. welfare agencies, had, in ten years, fitted traveled all over the country addressing "I do not hesitate to recommend job and placed in employment some five audiences of business men who wanted mobilization as a highly useful and con- thousand men and women of various to know what was going on in Penn- structive activity for any other Depart- ages at a cost of about a dollar a student. sylvania. ment of the American Legion where Commander Stirling is still keenly in- "Executive Director Hemphill also similar organized efforts may develop or terested in the job mobilization move- did a magnificent job, and I could say as be needed."

Qome to Boston

(Continued from page 23)

the high iron spikes toward the point had changed in its physical aspect, the They were just a lot of little guys like where he sleeps. All these things are here. calendar had turned suddenly back to you and me, undoubtedly, with wives We know they are here. They're nice the days of his youth. A Fifth Horseman, and kids and struggling farms and their for the tourists. But they all represent more terrible than all the other four, is little affairs of one sort or another. All something long since dead and gone, riding across the pages of current history. they wanted was to be let alone, the something that has only a primitive and The power of tyranny has slipped its fet- chance to do an honest day's work for a misty connection with the present. ters again. Oppression challenges liberty decent return to get along with every-

And still, somehow lately, we're all as it did in his day, only this time it body, to pile up a little something in the at once not so sure. isn't just the plain garden variety of shed against the future. They didn't In a swiftly changing world, appar- tyranny but a newer, fiercer and infinitely want any part of fighting and dying. ently, some things don't change. Cities more devastating ideology. But they, too, had undoubtedly met change. The looks, the dress, the words The old man would read from those and had talked it all over, and they, too, of men change. The mechanics of living, faces only too well. He'd have seen those had reached a decision. That decision the processes of government, theories same looks and have heard those same was the same one that you and I made. and ethics and the humanities expand, doubts and fears expressed in his own Soldier, more than twenty years ago, and or seem to. If the immortal Revere could time. He, and the men of his day and of which, God forbid, those of us who are arise from the moss grown plot beneath his kind of thought must have talked able may have to make again. That is, which he's been sleeping for almost a and weighed and consulted and prayed that as sweet as life is, and as hard as century and a quarter, he would stand over what is essentially this same threat this world would be to leave, some things, stupefied at the roar of traffic that passes of an eternal black-out of freedom. to real men, are more precious than life just outside his little cemetery. But obviously, they reached their itself, and that liberty, freedom and the The bulk of the Tremont Building decision. other items outlined and guaranteed in rearing above him, the famed Parker Paul Revere, thanks largely to Long- the Constitution of these United States

House on the corner, the planes in the fellow, has alwr ays been the major hero are most of them. sky, the very looks and language of the of that spectacular nocturnal epic. Some Many things have changed, but there's hurrying throngs would be nothing he critics have complained that Longfellow something else that hasn't changed could recognize as any of his Boston. didn't stick strictly to historical fact, that and won't, so long as men have honor,

But still, undoubtedly, in the faces of there was another rider named Dawes courage and the souls of freemen. men, these strange twentieth century who went along with Revere, and that So out into the darkness of that cold men with their strange twentieth century sundry other minor phases were touched April dawn, ready to die for this idea, if ways, that gallant old patriot in these up pretty freely with the literary paint that should be the price, hurried these late summer hours of 1940 would read a brush, and this is no effort to rearrange first physical champions of our American message that to him would be all too an inspiring legend, but I, for one, have Way. And there they stood in the first familiar. And he'd read not in gladness always liked to think more of those gray streaks of dawn, a thin battalion but with a distinct sense of shock. anonymous Minute Men who rolled out of seventy farmers, dressed in whatever From the faces that passed and the of their beds along that silent country- they'd been wearing in the fields the day conversation he'd heard, from the head- side in response to Revere 's pounding at before, and armed with nothing but old- lines the newsboys screamed not far the door and his challenging cry, "The fashioned muzzle-loading muskets. That away, he'd know that while the world British are coming!" isn't quite true, (Continued on page 46)

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine Wonder whatever became of...?

Did his classmates lose track of him? How could ly to his circle of sincere friends. He was courageous

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SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention Thf American Legion Magazine "

46 (^ome to ^Boston

{Continued from page 44)

cither, for they were armed with some- less fired upon: but if they mean to hove no books blasting their particular form thing a British ball could pierce but could war, let it begin HERE!" of government and promising to re- never kill —that courage and profound They meant to have war, just as the move it and all like it from the face of the spiritual calm that goes with the man who forces of tyranny always mean to have earth. can truly say he'd rather die on his feet war—it chanced to be royal England's Their opposing force didn't sponsor than live on his knees. fate to represent tyranny in that dis- bunds nor Fifth Columns, nor contract Shortly after daylight, the resounding tant instance —and Pitcairn's redcoats an unholy wedding with anything as tread of the crack column of British fired! Some of the little band of farmers cancerous as communism to rot them regulars came echoing up the Boston fell, but they returned the volley and from within while they considered slug- road through the village of Lexington. drew blood of their own. They were ging them from without. There was no There were 800 fully armed royal forced to break and clear the road for such terminology as "totalitarian" and grenadiers and light infantrymen in the they were too heavily outnumbered and "ideology" in those comparatively sim- British expedition. They were considered outgunned, and the British moved tri- ple times. Nobody had come up with a crack and well-seasoned troops. The thin umphantly onward to "the crude bridge theory that but one breed of men, the little line of patriots was drawn up across that arched the flood" at Concord, Aryan, had a corner on all the intelli- Meeting House Green—the Lexington marching straight, incidentally, into a gence, decency, courage and common Battle Green, it is called in these times; thorough and humiliating defeat, but the sense in the universe, that all other kinds "green" and "common" in New England Revolutionary War had officially begun. and sorts of humanity were degenerate correspond to "public square" in the The first blood in defense of the American breeds and must be removed —persecu- South and Southwest, hence "Meeting Way had dyed the sod of that forever-to- tion proving inadequate, then execution House Green" meant the public square be-sacred Lexington Meeting House and extermination being disinterestedly in front of the meeting house, or village Green. The new nation which you and I ordered. church. have known and have loved, which has An entire continent hadn't fallen be- I like to think of the scene as the blus given us and our parents and our children fore the blows of such a terror, leaving tering Britisher, Major Pitcairn, first a chance, had been officially baptized in them alone in all the world to defend saw what he undoubtedly must have con- the blood of anonymous Americans, guys their way of thinking and living. No sidered an impudent sprinkle of unor- like you and me, plain country boys who band of slugging have-nots had gladly ganized rabble drawn across the path of didn't want to fight, perhaps, but who'd joined the central force as "totalitarian his hard-hitting regulars—70 clumsy rather die on their feet than live on their allies" to snatch such scraps as fell from looking militiamen against 8co profes- knees, and who died, that we, who came his bloody dining and to snarl at those sional soldiers of the line. after, at least, might know the freedom early Americans like jackals when he History records that he first tried to we've experienced this far. cracked the bloody whip. blast them out of his path with his voice. But history is right back where it was History, for all our boasted advance- He had a big voice. He knew all the hard —only worse. ments in culture and science, is back words. He probably thought they'd Their issues back there were clear cut, where it was in the Middle Ages perhaps, scatter like rabbits at his first bellowing and they had to be shot out to a decision and this America of ours may now face blast. He tried to roar them out of the with guns, but it was merely a physical a series of vital decisions that pull us way with a pyrotechnical burst of abuse argument mostly over the principle of close in truest brotherhood to the Re- and profanity. For the benefit of school taxation without representation. The veres and the Minute Men of that dis- children, the historians have softened "tyranny" of the moment offered no tant day. Whether it's to be a physical his tender vocal salute considerably. threat to tear their God from the skies. challenge to fight is yet far from appar- They have him crying in full voice, The Fuehrer of their troubled hour wrote ent, but every thinking American knows "Disperse! Dis- that, although perse, ye rebels, with God's help,

! damn ye , d ispe rse we may be able to But whatever he avoid war, as such, actually said, they we can't possibly didn't disperse. avoid participation Instead theircap- in the peace that tain, John Parker, must follow some in a calm, steady time the present voice, told them to war raging in Eu- stand fast, to load rope. We've got to with ball and pow- live with what's der, and then he left. Our way of spoke the words life, now unsup- that somehow keep ported on any front, ringing and ringing faces the task of again until they withstanding the approach the thun- terrific impact of a dering majesty of a new and now tre- commanding cre- mendously potent scendo as this ap- ideology of aggres- proaching Legion The first of the 84 cars furnished by courtesy of the Ford Motor Com- sion, of destruction, Convention in Bos- pany for the National Convention at Boston, September 23-26. On the of personal and na- ton keeps coming committee to greet the first official car were (left to right) Glen- tional rapine and to mind: wood J. Sherrard, President of the Convention Corporation; Mayor murder, with its "Don't fire un- Maurice J. Tobin, and Harold P. Redden, Executive Vice President possible concomi- The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine '

47 tants of famine, pestilence, ignorance and poverty. We've got to believe hard in our way now; we've got to rally our strength. We've got to turn out at the hurried call of some modern Revere and rally upon some spiritual Meeting House Green, strong in our conviction that our way is the right way, that, as we have, our children and their children and their children on through all the years shall know the abundant blessings of freedom and liberty and humanity and justice.

"Don t fire unless fired upon; but, if thev mean to have war, let it begin here!" It seems to me that Capt. John Parker, whose body lies in the old Lexington cemetery near the historic green where he defied the invader as a visible enemy, set the keynote for this convention that may well prove, and probably will prove, the most serious and important one the American Legion has ever held up to this year of 1940. Come to Boston! WE NEED you. We want to talk this thing over. We're the ones who should talk it over. We've been through the flame. We've proved our right to a voice. Our dead sleep overseas. We've seen war at first hand. Others may have their ideas, but we know this America is worth standing up for. We've got a stake in it. We believe in it, and nobody, in- ternally nor externally, is going to kick it around. Nobody could possibly have foreseen 0(1? COOLER things would take. The selec- the turn THAN THE AVERAGE OF tion of Boston as a convention site was THE 30 OTHER OF THE more or less routine. But in a time such as this, no more fitting selection could LARGEST-SELLS NG BRANDS possibly have been made. Here's where TESTE 0 - COOLEST OfALL f it all started. The scenes and sites are all Copyright, 1940, 15. J Reynolds Tubacco Co., Winston-Salem, N. C. carefully preserved. Let's dedicate ourselves to the future of America here in the living presence of its original begin- S7EP£/PSt/Af/H£Z FC//V nings. Revere almost lives again to us in this hour. The Minute Men stand alongside of us in spirit with their muskets across their arms. OVER-HOT SMOKES

\ TASTE, DESTROY Come to Boston! S4f0AC£S/ FLATTEN 'DELICATE MILDNESS. I BOOST We need you. Your nation needs you. SMOKING PLEASURE AND Let's make this convention a revival COMFORT WITH COOLER- of old-fashioned American patriotism BURNING PRINCE ALBERT that will overflow into every corner of these United States. Here's where it PIPES PUFF SMOOTHER began. From here it carries on. Whether WITH R A. _ALL THE GOODNESS' the principle of free government is in ^/ OF RIPE, FULLY ACED TOBACCO greater danger from the rise of totalitar- COMES THROUGH WITHOUT HARSHNESS the softness of a people ian ideology, or MORE JOV FOR upon whom freedom has poured its VvlAKIN'S' FANS, TOO, THE incomparable bounty, let's take our P. A. WAY. THE CRIMP CUT 50 solid stand before God and the Star LAYS RIGHT, ROILS UP M$T,J pipefuls of fra- grant tobacco in Spangled Banner, making no threats NEAT— STAYS LIT, TOO , every handy tin but resolved to stand where we are, and of Prince Albert

''if they mean to have war" against our conception of what life to a free, THE civilized human being should mean, let NATIONAL them know that they can have plenty JOY SMOKE of it, starting Here!

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine — . —

South of the border

(Continued from page n)

Verde Islands can be over Brazil in seven wholesale revolt, the United States would America, plus supplies and ammunition,

hours. And Para, Brazil, near the mouth have to wage many scattered battles al- it might take a major war to dislodge of the Amazon River, is but four Hying most at once in a vast continent, and the them. hours to Caracas, Venezuela; and Vene- Germans expect to win some of these, at Bases are our most urgent need. How - zuela but two and one-half hours to least, thereby getting a foothold for ever we obtain them down there, they Tampico, Mexico; and Tampico is two future operations. are vitally necessary. We have to have and one-quarter hours to St. Louis, It sounds so fantastic that some air bases—well protected, well stocked.

Kansas City and Omaha. . . . American experts laugh at it, but it can't We must have strategic naval anchorages "We have the lesson before us over be forgotten that what Hitler planned and landing points, likewise fully pro- and over again tected. If we can't nations that were furnish the protec- not ready and were tion, we must have unable to get ready WHAT LATIN AMERICA THINKS OF US friendly govern- found themselves ments in control to overrun by the guarantee ARGENTINA. Most anti-American, largely because of our protec- enemy. So-called tion, and that's policy of buying few Argentine products. not impregnable forti- easy. If we can't CHILE. Now second in anti-Americanism, partly due to large fications no longer rent bases, we'll German population and influence, partly because Americans own exist. A defense have to get them most of nitrate and copper, the two chief industries, as well as which allows an some other way. other business, and Chileans resent it. enemy to consoli- By force? Not un- COLOMBIA. Appears pro on surface but anti underneath, with date his approach less we are strong latest confidential trade reports holding it ripe for another out- without hindrance enough to put down burst against U. S. on the old "Panama Canal steal" (fostered by will lose. A defense any counter-move- Germans) w hich makes no ef- ment against us in fective effort to de- BRAZIL. Fourth in anti-Americanism with President Vargas the particular coun- stroy the lines of reportedly carrying water on both shoulders, fearing German, try, as well as the supplies and com- Italian groups and Nazi influence in army. endless sniping that munications of the PERU. Italians have important roles in business, finance, part would go on after- enemy will lose. An of military; very influential and becoming more so in politics. wards. effective defense by Americans face an uphill cultural fight. The most pres- its very nature re- MEXICO. All depends on how wind blows with both main sing need of our quires the equip- political factions; dangerous situation. Navy is to have ment to attack the NICARAGUA. Would join Mexico any day in anti-American more bases within aggressor on his outburst; cannot be depended upon. airstrikingdistance he can route before BOLIVIA. Much German influence to offset pro-American of the Panama Ca- strong establish groups. nal—a good thou- bases within the sand miles aw: ay or VENEZUELA. Pro-American largely. territory of Ameri- more. Trinidad, ECUADOR. Friendly and admirer of U. S. can vital inter- commanding COSTA RICA. One of best friends U. S. has, and a nation grow- ." ests. . . northeastern shores ing in international prestige. Secret reports of the continent, a URUGUAY, PARAGUAY. Weak, tend to be influenced easily from quarters usu- British possession, by strong nation, can't be depended upon. ally highly reliable ranks somewhat GUATEMALA, SALVADOR, HONDURAS. Each has its un- have it that Ger- differently in that pleasant anti-American groups, and Germans are pushing their many and perhaps it doubtless can be gains. Italy to some ex- utilized if and when PANAMA. Practically American territory. tent have a scheme needed. The three CUBA, HAITI, DOMINICAN REPUBLIC. Friendly, coopera- for "lending" hun- European colonics tive, need us. dreds of military between Venezuela planes to Latin- and Brazil — the American nations Guianas of Britain, where revolts can France, Holland be staged and favorably-inclined dic- and actually did in Europe looked fan- offer opportunities both to us and to tators can be installed. As soon as the tastic until accomplished. That he can Germany. And farther along the "bulge" puppet was placed by Fifth Columnists eventually set up some puppet govern- of the continent, in Brazil, are airfields and their Nazi leaders in the presidential ments below Panama seems to be ad- and anchorages, like Para, Pernambuco, palace, he would ask for the "loan" of mitted by many officials. Even north of Bahia. Venezuela itself must be wholly military assistance from Germany or Panama, there is imminent danger of the under our protection as must Colombia, Italy. A whole load of military, naval and same sort. He knows we are not so well next to Panama on both oceans, Atlantic air force experts would arrive quickly, equipped for a total defense of the hem- and Pacific. Both of these countries are followed by numbers of well equipped isphere. He likes to strike in the most important oil sources. planes, flown via Africa. confusing way possible. He knows that Out in the Pacific, within a bomber's The number of planes would not be the biggest navy afloat cannot protect striking distance of the canal, are the too large at first, due to the expected landings of troops and supplies against Galapagos Islands, owned by Ecuador, a early difficulty of supplies, but as fast as shore-based aircraft. The Norwegian fairly friendly nation, and these islands oil and gasoline supplies could be landed, campaign proved that. Once the Ger- are to be developed by the United States, or obtained in South America. With mans get plenty of aircraft into South if plans work out. But they have to be

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine 49

fully protected, and Ecuador must be biggest South American investment in At present the Nazis are getting ready under our full protection at the same Chile, something around 800 millions of to set off a revolt based upon the old time. Further south, Peru has to be dollars, counting both plant on the one "Panama Canal steal" as they call it, the reckoned with. With Italians so powerful hand and bonds of Chile owned by Ameri- partition of land which brought about there now in financial, business and mili- cans on the other. Here is a spot where the Canal, with American backing, and tary fields, one cannot fully accept Peru- the British, long leaders in import-export let no one minimize the possibilities of vian protestations of friendship for us trade, have been pushed out of the this "sleeping dog." as guarantees of the future. picture, and the Germans are getting Germans are also to be seen in most We must be able to land troops and the upper hand. Here we have a German- Central American places and their in- be ready to police the country, if neces- trained army, a German-trained na- fluence continues to be far too strong sary, in order to protect the Canal from tional police force that has been a big in Mexico. The Mexican problem, in the that sector, which is also within airplane- factor in a number of past revolts. eyes of many Washington experts, is one striking distance of Panama. According Uruguay, Paraguay and Bolivia will they believe we must eventually solve to one leading expert, 50,000 troops can listen to reason from any strong power by annexation. It will take either a most

handle it, but we need plenty of support- because they are weak, and Bolivia is friendly government there to bring that ing planes, naval vessels and supplies, used to German officers in its army about, plus a small American control not to mention mechanized equipment training. None has the funds to equip force, or we shall have to send in a vast on land. Peru is a difficult country even much of an army, with Bolivia and force to subdue and hold this hot tamale. for the Peruvian government to police, Paraguay still suffering from their longand If we can control Mexico, we can add with its string of Andes Mountains, its sapping Chaco war. Bolivia is largely Central America to the string. If the vast deserts, its scattered population. mountainous, Paraguay is tropic and Mexican problem can be solved, then all Now, providing we can defend Peru, hard to work in. we have to do is go back and work out Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela with or the myriad problems of the South without local help, and providing we can NAZI penetration in South America is American continent. An endless task. keep Germany or Italy out of the Gui- a tremendous factor in all problems There is a minor Japanese problem anas, we have to go right back and we must consider. Chile has 200,000 Ger- superimposed on all this, such as inquisi- worry about Brazil, which is in the mans, including dozens of towns in the tive Jap fishermen around the Canal driver's seat at present because of its south run solely by Germans. Many in- and Central America, and in colonies in location nearest to Africa and the Portu- fluential men in key jobs are of German Peru and Brazil. But they are far in the guese-owned Cape Verde Islands, both extraction. Many non-Germans are in minority and most of them distrust the on the route from Europe. the pay of the Nazis. The clique of upper- Germans and Italians because of the Reports from Brazil are alarming. crust families is said to lean Naziward. racial creed of Hitler. Our diplomatic President Getulio Vargas, supposedly a Argentina has some 250,000 Germans, representatives in Panama, plus the friend of the United States, is said to be but it is a much bigger country than vigorous work of our Army leaders at

trying to please both the United States Chile and it is hard to keep them under the Canal, caused many of these prying and the axis. His army is reportedly control. There are millions of Italians and Japanese to clear out of the neighbor- swayed by a powerful pro-axis group. persons of Italian extraction there, and hood, since they were said to be most He himself runs an authoritarian govern- they represent as big a danger as the interested in the best ways to catch fish ment. That he will give us all we ask for Nazis, though they don't have the un- in Panamanian waters closest to Canal is to be doubted. dercover machine which Hitler's men approaches. That his army would allow us the have so well established. Fortunately, protector role without trouble, even if we these Italian elements are said to con- IEAVTNG the military for the trade provided the men, equipment and ships, tain large groups wholly against Nazi and .J sphere for a moment—a host of is another question. Here is a nasty Fascist methods. Be that as it may, Washington officials in the know are in

situation in a vast nation which possesses there is plenty of political dynamite consternation over the prospects of a so many resources and provides almost available. Nazi-American trade war in Latin unlimited possibilities for colonization Up in Brazil one finds about a million America within the next year, regardless and expansion. Here is a juicy plum Germans, more or less. They are so of any military trouble. American agents tempting Hitler, and he might try to get powerful in some states of the nation have forwarded to Washington trade it—quickly. that they openly boast they are ready announcements showing that the Ger- for a Nazi regime. Ever}' German works mans will offer all sorts of competing AND now, next, all we can do is to on Brazilian friends constantly and the manufactured goods at prices so far

xl. close our eyes, hold our breath, and place is simply alive with the cancerous below ours that our standards of living hope nothing happens. Because we can't, growth. might be affected if we were forced to at present, guarantee the freedom of Ar- Uruguay has about 10,000 Germans meet them. Forced labor will supply gentina, Uruguay, Paraguay, Bolivia and and only recently a planned revolt was Germany with vast export resources

Chile, even if they want our assistance nipped, partly with the pressure exerted which will be used • to bargain with, in a given case of some kind of aggression. by the United States and a "goodwill" first of all, and help bring the Latins All these countries are too far away for visit of American warships. But even at into line. Political and military per- our present state of preparedness to cope that, despite our open statements that suasion can be used, or not, depend- with any real emergency. It looks as we would protect the country, the govern- ing on the circumstances, say the Ger- though Germany is trying to bring about ment so feared Germany that key figures mans, but they certainly will make it simultaneous revolts in some of these were permitted to escape punishment. mean for us in a trade way. For instance, nations, so the job is made to appear Paraguay has some 20,000 Germans, a they will make deals for products which even worse. In Argentina we find hos- big number for such a small nation. we will not take, or think we should not tility, a people and government unfriendly Bolivia counts about 3,000; Peru some take, unless of course we buy up all to us. They are suspicious of us, they 3.500; Ecuador about 5.000; Colombia available Latin American exportable hate to see us the leading nation of the 3,000 to 4,000; and Venezuela about products to keep them from Germany, hemisphere, they hate us for not buying 3.000. Colombia did display apparent and either re-sell them to the Axis on our their goods. Here is one real hot potato. determination to prevent Nazi domina- terms or pour them down the drain and Anti-Americanism has increased in tion by forcing a German airline out of forget the cost.

Chile, where our people own or control operation, replacing it with a national A mighty big factor causing the ram- a major portion of the two chief indus- line using American planes, but German pant anti-American feeling in Argentina

tries, copper and nitrate. We have our influence is still there, waiting "the day." is the lack of (Continued on page 50)

SEPTEMBER. 1940 South of the border

{Continued from page 40)

American purchases of famed Argentina powers needing it. The same stunt will be tical soil in which to transplant Axis meat. There are other products as worked with coffee, cotton, wool, after credos. well which we turn up our nose at German needs are satisfied. One of those heartening public state- there, including wheat. The Argen- At the present time the United States, ments attempting to show the Latin tines resent our restrictions on their thanks to the war in Europe, is account- desire for national freedom came from meat. They can't understand our Con- ing for about one-third, on the average, of the lips of the president of Cuba, which gressmen and our people of the Western Latin-American trade, both export and has its own complex internal problems, States who oppose its entry. Every import. This is one-third of the general at the opening of the Havana Conference, time some of our politicians sound off lump sum. That's all it has despite the when he said: about this, it rubs salt in open wounds fact that Germany, Britain and France "It seems as if divine predestination down there. If we as a nation can't see have had little time for trade. Japan, forces us Americans, the heirs of Western any reason in buying Argentine products temporarily at least, enjoys considerable culture, to be definitely the sole custo- in order to win over an important nation trade in manufactured goods, especially dians of an international morale which in a strategic spot, then we will have to on the west coast, and it takes a boat- becomes dim and deteriorates with the quit talking cooperation and make the load of local products, such as Chilean ruin of great peoples and the dramatic, best of a bad situation. nitrate, occasionally, just to keep the contemptuous silence of the highest vir- pressure on. The Nazis openly boast in tues, of which yesterday mankind was THE Latins are folks who wear their Chile that this is very temporary, that proud. This sacred mission that the feelings on their coat fronts. They re- Germany will soon run all competitors American continent assumes through sent easily. You have to be conciliatory, to cover. setting itself up as trustee for the re- buy their goods, be a strong nation they Politically, the Pan-American family mainder of betrayed civilization—civili- can look up to—and be ready to hand out in general, with some important excep- zation pushed to the edge of the precipice dough. There is nothing which pleases tions, claims that it stands for democracy, is the aim that reunites you today in order the Latin American politico so much as a for freedom, for all that is written so to defend and harbor it, relieving it from batch of folding money he can build splendidly in the better constitutions the utter rejection that might harass it to roads with or do something similar. Per- and declarations of many of these na- its last corners in the New World. The haps it is good "protection" money, even tions. Some are genuine believers in dangers, you know well, Excellencies, if his promises to repay sometimes are national freedom, despite gangster meth- increase day by day, and our America not carried out, whether by his own will ods in dealing with their own peoples. will be lucky if, due to its miraculous or his inability to repay. Others actually practice internal free- isolation, it can continue to avoid pro- The Germans are getting ready to dom, but they are few. Latin America, found reactions to the distressing events swap manufactured goods for these speaking generally again, has lived we are living through. The fiendish fate Latin surplus commodities: wheat, cer- largely by strong-arm methods ever since which has befallen scientific instru- eals, linseed, meats, wool, cotton, and it chased Spain off the landscape. Its ments created by human wisdom for hides in Argentina; copper, nitrate, wool, original heroes were soon succeeded by friendlier, more effective intercourse be- cereals in Chile; tin and other metals in self-seekers, and revolt followed revolt. tween individuals and peoples turns them Bolivia; copper, oil, cotton in Peru; It offers today the richest kind of poli- into a tragic admonition for our coun- meats, wheat, wool in Uru- tries, which trusted that guay; meats, cotton, hides, their remoteness and mani- corn, and coffee in Brazil; fest lack of interest in illegiti- oil in both Colombia and mate ambitions would keep Venezuela; and scattered them out of the roving con- lesser products in all coun- flict that respects no right tries. which is weakly claimed nor

Oil is the most valuable forgives the justified absten- product they need. Ruma- tions of those who have nian, Russian, Iranian, and not made out of covetous- Iraqian wells cannot pos- ness for another's possessions sibly supply the needs of their ideals for national ag- ." a rampant, expanding Ger- grandizement. . . many. It must have South The situation presents

American oil and it will Americans with their first offer real barter bargains really big problem since to get it. Germany will, ac- Monroe formulated his cording to the Nazis, take Doctrine. Some think it the over the Argentine, Uru- greatest problem since we guayan and Brazilian meat declared our independence surplus—a highly important and created a nation for thing if accomplished. It ourselves. expects to get its copper Whether we shall get the from Peru and Chile, re- jump and command the po- gardless of the fact that sition south of the border Americans own the main will determine perhaps mines in both countries, by whether or not we are to putting pressure on the two remain secure and safe. governments. Chilean ni- It is not a pleasant prostrate will be taken and pect we face, south of the re-swapped to other world border.

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine Textbook Treason

(Continued from page g)

Teachers' Guide, a manual from the always obliging pen of Professor Rugg: 'The

United States is not a land of opportunity for all our people; for one-fifth of

the people do not earn any money at all. There are great differences in the standards of living of the different classes of the people. The majority do not have " any real security.' Now, have American parents felt a sense of pride in their country? They should consider these words in Teachers' Guide: "Of the 315 pupils, 88 percent said that the following statement was true, 'My country is unquestionably the best country in the world.' Now the attitude thus expressed is one that we decidedly do not want to develop in our classes." Mouthpieces of this Fifth Column at-

tacking Americanism in the schools is the magazine called Social Frontier, edited by Dr. George S. Counts, of Teachers College, Columbia University. In educational circles Dr. Counts, Prof. John! I Forgot the Cellar Light! Rugg and their fellow comrades are known as "Frontier Thinkers." Dr. "Hurry up!" calls the horsecar driver. "Confound the Counts sets forth in clear terms the plan folks with these new-fangled electric lights," mutters he and the "Frontier Thinkers" are fol- the impatient man in the black derby. But Mr. and lowing in his book Dare the School Build Mrs. Gray Derby continue to worry because the lamp a Neiv Social Order? published in 1933. One paragraph from that book will is left burning, and their whole evening is ruined. serve to suggest the method (page 28): "That the teachers should deliberately IT'S HARD to believe these days, isn't it? Today elec- reach for power is my firm conviction. To tricity is so inexpensive that we use it more freely the extent that they are permitted to than water. Night lamps burn in thousands of homes. fashion the curriculum and the proce- dures of the school, they will definitely And we blithely go away for an hour or a week and and positively influence the social atti- leave electricity to take care of our refrigerators, tudes, ideals and behavior of the coming regulate our furnaces, run our clocks, and operate our generation." other home appliances. And this idea is seconded by Prof. Rugg with these words in his Great Technology: Maybe we take electricity too much for granted. We "Through the schools of the world we seldom stop to realize how many tasks it makes easier shall disseminate a new conception of —how many tasks it shoulders with no attention. Not government—one that will embrace all of the collective activities of man." only in the home, but also in industry, where it serves It must be borne in mind that the us in unsuspected ways. It makes possible the manu- whole plan is wrapped in the cloak of facture of thousands of the articles we use, reducing accepted progressive methods of study their cost, making them plentiful so that everyone can and teaching, and that the subversive have them. material is completely surrounded generally by material against which there could For more than 60 years General Electric scientists, be no possible objection. But constantly engineers, and workmen have been busy finding ways repeated, continually cropping up, is the theme, the idea, that the authors desire to make electricity more useful. They have helped to to put over. A careful study of the lead- give us more comforts and conveniences than are enjoyed ing textbooks produced by the "Frontier by any other nation. Their efforts today are creating Thinkers" group, such as the list com- still More Goods for More People at Less Cost. piled by Major Rudd and presented in tabular form on page 71, will convince G-E research and engineering have saved the public from ten to one any reader interested in preserving .Amer- hundred dollars for every dollar they have earned for General Electric icanism in the public schools that the attack is being made on these four fronts: GENERAL ELECTRIC 1. To present a new interpretation of @ history in order to "debunk" our heroes NEW YORK WORLD'S FAIR— SEE THE G-E "HOUSE OF MAGIC"— SAN FRANCISCO EXPOSITION and cast doubt upon their motives, their patriotism and their service to mankind. (Continued on page 70)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine —a "

52 Flight Surgeon

{Continued from page ij)

Eight at oooo estimating over Chat wood all of them fall asleep. How's the baby?" The tall, bronzed man from the first at 0:07, estimating Redwood at 0:55 "Sleeping," she said. "I'm going to seat was standing beside her. Trip Seven oft at 0:08, cruising altitude warm his milk as soon as I go back." "You've got to help," she whispered,

6000 estimated over Woodlawn at 1 r 40, Bright moonlight burst into the cabin terror in her eyes. "That man didn't estimated Redwood 1 45. as the AV-7 climbed out on top and belong up there. Someone's been shot. leveled off at 6000. Hardin picked up a Get into your seat. If the captain comes STEWARDESS Martha Wright sur- passenger's flight bulletin and scribbled out, everything is all right. If he comes veyed her twenty-one passengers with swiftly —altitude, cruising speed, the out, we've got to restrain him." a professional eye as Trip Seven —one of "Right," said the tall passenger, "leave the new AY-7's—taxied out on to the it to me. You get back out of the way." I'ersepolis field under a thin overcast that She backed slowly up the aisle trying was just beginning to blot out the moon- to regain her composure, even managed light. It was not an unusual group— a smile to one of the women who looked pretty young woman with a sleeping inquiringly at her. The tall man was baby cuddled in a white basket, two older back in his seat. The door swung open women who looked faintly apprehensive, and through it stepped the man from the eighteen men who had already shed their sixth seat. His eyes were burning, his topcoats and hung up their hats. Two of glasses were gone, and in his right hand them were already settling down for naps. he held a shiny revolver. He swung it Most of the others were unfolding aimlessly. newspapers. "God," he cried in a high, cracked

She hung up the manifest and went voice. "God told me to do it. We're all forward to check the belts, stopped for a going to join him. The pilots are dead." quick peek at the baby, stopped again to Silently, swiftly, the man in the front chat with the two older women. By the seat half rose and grabbed the pistol. time Trip Seven was in the air they were Swinging it above his head he brought it leaning back in their seats. She got each crashing down. The man from Seat Six of them a magazine and started aft. crumpled to the floor, a red stain widen- The thin spectacled man in the sixth ing over his face. Two other men swarmed seat on the right side plucked at her over him, tearing off their belts and sleeve. trussing him up. Martha Wright strug- "Do what you can to sell them on the gled past them and on into the cabin. safety of flying," he leered. She felt un- She fell over Hardin. He was lying in easiness creep over her. "It isn't safe the runway back of the seats. There was it's dangerous. But the stewardess must a gaping wound through the dark curly always be cheerful, reassuring. The hand- hair along the top of his scalp. In the "Don't look now, darling, but I book says so. Somehow I feel sorry for righthand seat Rumsey slumped side- think we're on the wrong ladder!" you tonight." wise against the bulkhead. She straight- Was he insane? Or a particularly ened him up, slid in beside him in macabre joker? She couldn't tell. "Don't weather at Redwood, estimated arrival Hardin's empty seat. be playful, Mister," she replied, summon- time. She took it from him, walked back "He shot us, Martha," he mumbled. ing up a smile. "You'll have an uncom- through the runway and unlatched the "He got Hardin as he came in. He shot fortable ride if you're in a bad humor. Of door. me before I could turn around. I'm hit in course it's safe, or we wouldn't be doing The eccentric from the sixth seat was the back and I'm slipping— it." standing just outside, so close that she "Rumsey, you can't pass out, you As she walked aft again she unraveled bumped against him. He thrust his foot can't," she cried. her impressions of the strange passenger into the door, jerked her roughly into the "The transmitter is on," he said. His —burning eyes, flaccid hands that were cabin and stepped past her. Before she head was wagging and he spoke labori- curiously uncoordinated, an anticipatory could turn around, the door had slammed. ously. "Call Redwood and Woodlawn. air of something about to happen that Wide-eyed she tugged at the handle. It Tell them the automatic pilot is set and was strangely, if remotely, terrifying. was latched from the inside. As she looked we're at 6000 feet. I've cut speed to 100 Leaning against the galley door she eyed over her shoulder three or four of the miles an hour.— They'll get us out of this. him narrowly. He was looking out of the passengers had left their seats and were Tell them " his head fell forward. window into the blank overcast that coming toward her. She motioned them billowed around the ship, fingering his back to their seats, turned to press her TRENT chucked his newspaper into lips. An eccentric, she decided, the kind face against the small glass panel in the the basket, knocked the ashes from his that makes passengers uneasy. He'd bear door. A figure in the runway blocked off pipe and stood up. some watching. the glow of the instrument board lights. "You're right about the weather," he The cabin buzzer rang and she went Frantically she kicked on the door to said to Whitacre. "It's closing down forward, unlocked the door, latched it warn the pilots on the other side. She again—fast. Guess I'll be getting into behind her. In the forward compartment saw a razor-sharp flash in the semi- town." Captain Hardin was standing on the darkness up front, heard a muffled report But Whitacre wasn't listening. With runway behind the seats, and the co- — then another. For a moment she caught one movement he had cut off the loud- pilot, Harry Rumsey, was at the controls. the faint glow of the cabin lights, and speaker and slipped the earphones over "We'll be over a solid overcast in about then they were blotted out as someone his head. thirty seconds," Hardin said. "With this came toward the door. "O. K., Martha," the operator was bright moonlight it's going to be a pretty "Oh, God!" she cried, inside herself, saying in the same cheery voice that sight. Might tell the passengers before "make it be Hardin!" Trent had heard from Archie that mom-

The AMERICAN LEGION' Magazine —"

ing. "Take it easy and keep cool. Wait a minute and hang on to that receiver." He lifted the phone off one ear and swung around. He was white. "Listen, Trent," he said. "A nut has got up in the front end of Trip Seven and he's shot both the pilots. Yes, shot them. They're unconscious." Trent leaned on the table, his knuckles whitening. "Find out their altitude and cruising speed," he said. "Tell her not to worry,— we're coming to get them. Tell her Swiftly he sketched his plan. wTiitacre was back at the mike again, his voice calm and reassuring. Trent grabbed the telephone, called for the National Guard hangar. Corporal Schultz, the night man, answered the phone. "Any pilots around there?" demanded Trent. "Who—Stanwood? O. K. tell him to get out an O-57 right away and

get it warmed up. We'll get off in ten minutes. You get out 50 feet of that rope

from the parachute loft and have it handy. And, Corporal—any radio men there? All right. Tell Sergeant Wallace I want forty feet of cord spliced on to the middle seat—do you get it? No—forty feet, not forty inches. I want to get away from the plane and use it. Get it? O. K., get going." Whitacre turned away from the radio as he hung up. His eyes were wide but his voice was steady. "They're apparently on course at 6000," he said. "Cruising at no miles an hour but the gyro-pilot is doing it. BUT WHY Hardin and Rumsey are out." "All right," snapped Trent. "A lot of this is up to you. You keep working COURT-MARTIAL Martha on the radio and see if she can get an idea of their position. I'm going out after them with young Stanwood. It THE WHOLE REGIMENT? shouldn't be hard. At their speed they're going to be up there a matter of five or There are hound to he one or two had soldiers in every six hours. You call Major Straight and have him turn out all the ships he can regiment. But why court-martial the whole regiment? crew to head the AV-7 off. Call Redwood The same applies to beer retailing. Out of hundreds and turn them out too. Operations there of thousands of wholesome, law-abiding beer retailers, already knows about the fix Trip Seven there is bound to be a small minority disobey the is in and if we miss them here they'll who catch them betw een here and Redwood." law or permit anti-social conditions. To protect your right to drink good beer, the Brew- MARTHA WRIGHT hung up the ing Industry wants even this small minority of unde- mike with a trembling hand. On the way back to the cabin she turned sirable retailers eliminated entirely. Beer is a refreshing, Hardin over on his back, paused only appetizing beverage— the beverage of moderation. We long enough to determine that he was want every beer retail establishment to be as wholesome still alive. She stepped back into the as beer itself. cabin. In the sixth seat the maniac was To that end, we have instituted a "clean-up or close- trussed with belts and neckties, his eyes up" program— now in operation in some states and being closed, a light froth on his lips. The pas- extended to others. We'd like to tell you about it in an sengers, tight-lipped, sat in their seats. interesting/m? booklet. Write : —United Brewers Indus- The bronzed man next the door regarded trial Dept. 21 40th St., York. her expectantly, still twirling the revolver Foundation, D18, E. New by its trigger guard. Back of him a white- haired man looked out the window. He did not turn as she came through the BEER . . . a beverage door. In his hands she saw a rosary. Back through the cabin other passengers were writing on slips of paper of moderation w ills, she guessed. (Continued on page §4) SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine "

54 Flight Surgeon

(Continued from page 53)

The young woman, blanched but calm, when he had finished. "But you'd better Trent acknowledged and switched back held her sleeping baby in her arms. Some- let me take the other end. I'm light to interphone. body, Martha Wright noticed, had taken and— "Hear that, Stan?" Stan nodded. the little white basket and set it in the "Oh, not so much younger," Trent "Looks like we've got it made," added aisle near the door. In the rear of the broke in impatiently. "You do the Hying. Trent. They're right on the course." cabin two men had put on their hats and You're supposed to be the hottest forma- Stanwood nodded again. coats. They sat hunched in their seats tion pilot in the outfit, aren't you? I'll do Trip Seven was on them. Two minutes with their hat brims drawn down and the rest. I've had some co-pilot time on before, Stanwood had picked up the ship their coat collars up, as though they big ships like the AV-7 and I know where dead ahead and above them, her white were cold. to find things." landing lights pallid in the moonlight, her The bronzed man up front broke the It was a lie but it did the trick. red passing light blinking like a bloodshot silence. "All right, Stewardess," he said "How about getting in under this eye. Stanwood went into a gradual climb coolly, "What's the secret?" weather?" Stanwood asked. to get above her and swung in a gentle "I can go on to Redwood—and if I turn to overtake her from behind. Trent THE white-haired man turned from decide to come in here I can make it. It switched on to interphone. the window to look at Martha was worse this morning. Has Wallace got "Easy does it, Stan," he said, as Wright. His lips still moved, but he that radio cord in yet?" lightly as he could. "In over her tail and slipped the hand with the rosary into his "Yeah," said Stanwood with a gesture when you get there just let it settle easily. coat pocket. The two men aft eyed the of resignation, "he's just finishing up." And, Stan—keep me out of the props, floor. Stewardess Wright got hold of "All right. While I'm getting into my will you?" herself and prayed for a clear voice. clothes, have him lash that rope into the Stanwood nodded. Trent let himself "You're going to find it a hard one to middle seat. Tell him to lash the radio down into the lower level of the deep believe," she began, and found herself cord along the rope because when I get cockpit and tested the tie on his rope, managing to smile. "But we're going to down there I want to be able to talk to checked its coils to see that it was paral- get out of this all right. Both the pilots you. And, Stanwood, have someone get leled by the radio cord, through which he are hurt but we can stay in the air a long the throat microphone out of that pur- was going to have to talk. Trip Seven was while. I don't know just what the airline suit job over there. I'll need both hands just ahead and below them now. He is going to do, but I could hear them for the rope." could see the thin, bright pencils of the talking on the radio. I think they're going The field burst into blue brilliance as landing lights, her white tail-light out- to put another pilot aboard. Don't ask they taxied out from the hangar. The lining her whale-like back, the red and me how, because I don't know. All I ask 0-57 rumbled past the floodlight, swung green navigation lights at the end of her is that you keep in your seats and be as around on the runway into the wind. slim wing. He switched on the radio. quiet as possible." Trent heard the O. K. from the tower as "Fair enough," rejoined the bronzed he buckled the throat microphone around TRENT to Whitacre. Hey, Whit, man in the front seat. He turned around his neck and fitted its twin capsules on we've got her. We're right above to the other passengers. "Now, let's let either side of his Adam's apple. her." this girl get back to work." They were barely over the edge of the "O. K., Trent. What now?" She went back to the cabin and slipped field when they went on instruments. "Tell Martha to open that hatch, right on the earphones. Whitacre was calling Through the glass window below him away. That'll be all now because I'm and she gave him the go-ahead. Trent saw the boundary lights grow changing over." "Now listen, Martha," he said. "We'll yellow, then red, before they disappeared Now Trip Seven was almost below have ships all along the route to help you. in swirling mist. Up they climbed while them. Stanwood had throttled back and Stay away from the controls and the Trent called Woodlawn with his throat the O-57 was settling slowly. From the ship'll hold its course. You stay where mike, found that it worked, found also back of Trip Seven a bright light sud- you are. When I give you the call you go that Redwood already had a ship in the denly gushed forth. The trap was open. aft and open that emergency hatch in the air headed east to head off Flight Seven. Tight fit, Trent reflected, for me and my cabin roof—you know, the crash hatch A long climb on the east leg of the parachute. that those new AV-y's all have. In the beam and they burst out finally on top He cranked open the belly doors of the meantime, you hang on the radio. That at 5000 feet with the clouds dazzling cockpit. Whipping wind picked up sand means don't go back into the cabin and white below them. Trent threw the and dirt from the doors and whirled it at don't try to help the pilots. We'll take switch that cut him off the radio and put his squinting eyes. Trip Seven was just care of them when you land. Got it?" him on the plane interphone circuit. passing over another hole in the clouds "I've got it," she replied. "I'll wait and as he climbed down on the bottom right here." She began to sob and took STAN, better stay at this altitude, step Trent caught a faint glimpse of a he r hand off the mike button so Whitacre right on top of the clouds. We'll pick highway and the lights of an automobile wouldn't hear. up Trip Seven a lot easier if she's above far below. Sitting on the lower step he let The O-57 was warming up in front of us. Let's cruise east half an hour and see his legs hang out of the ship's belly and the National Guard hangar, its pro- what we pick up." Stanwood nodded and with vicious swings kicked away the open peller a shiny disk in the floodlights. he switched back to radio. doors to make more room for his exit. Stanwood, keen and slim, met Trent in "Trent to Whitacre. Have Trip Seven "Hey, Stan," he called on the inter- the doorway. turn on its landing and passing lights so phone. "You're just over her now. I'm "What's all this about"" he asked. "I we'll have a show at seeing her." right over her tail and I'm leaving." He came out here to play badminton and "O. K., Trent. That's done already. could visualize Stan nodding. Schultz tells me you want to fly, on a Say—Trip Seven just passed over a hole Quickly he pulled the rope through the night that's not fit for a duck." and Martha says she's sure she saw that parachute harness on his chest, took a His friendly grin faded as Trent told neon sign on the roadhouse at Marion. quick turn around the buckle and paid him what was ahead of them. And say—two more O-57's are taking off out the end below the ship. He'd need "Sure I can do it," Stanwood replied in ten minutes from here." that snub to keep himself on the rope

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine until he got aboard Trip Seven. No man could hang on by his hands alone in that blast between the ships. Below the belly of the O-57, against the lights from Trip Seven, Trent could see the rope whipping like a crazy snake. He gave a last yank at the lashing of the line, shoved himself gently down through the doors, and, SEE ONE through gloved hands, slowly paid out

the line, holding it below the snub on his parachute buckle. »« Under the O-57 he snubbed up the rope BOTH and stopped himself with his head not five feet below the open wound in the O-57's belly where he had kicked away WORLD'S FAIRS the doors. The wind tore at his face, turning his goggles askew, whipping his cheeks until they fluttered like flags, whirling his body first one way and then the other. on YourConvention Trip! Hanging on to the rope with one hand to keep the snub tight, he straightened his goggles. Finally he stopped twirling, wound up, luckily, facing the front of Trip Seven. "Stan," he shouted, hoping that his LIKE THIS voice would carry over the mike against a wind that seemed to whirl deep down into MAIN his throat. "I'm out O. K. Move ahead slowly and hold your altitude—and don't forget the props." From the chest snub he paid out more rope. Nearer and nearer he lowered himself to the back of Trip Seven, now whirling, now facing the tail, now facing forward. Now he was not more than ten % mSN 'T T*t feet above Trip Seven's back. He esti- -A** GOLDEN mated there was still about ten feet left gA te wr wohverful ! of the rope. "A little more, Stan," he shouted. "A little more." There was the trap, now two feet in front of him, just out of reach of his feet. He paid out two feet more of rope. Trip 'brilliantly-designed Seven hit a bump, lurched, recovered. O The camions are rolling to Boston! We mean those and She was under him again. His feet efficiently air-conditioned Super-Coaches of the Greyhound system—each bus touched her back. He slammed down filled with your old buddies of '18, bound for the greatest, gayest convention yet. sprawling on the curving surface. The Don't think of making this trip without visiting the New York World's Fair. rope ripped through his hands and It's only a few interesting hours away—and there's so little additional cost. whipped his face with a stinging crack as What's more, you can visit both World's Fairs (at New York and San Fran- it vanished. He felt a mighty jerk at his helmet as the interphone cord discon- cisco) in a thrilling Grand Circle Tour of America—and all for only $69-95. nected. Under his outtlung hands he Mail the coupon to nearest Greyhound office caught a ridge—the coaming of the open New York City. 241", W. 50th St. San Francisco, Cal Cleveland. <).. B. 9th & Superior Pine & Battery Streets hatch. He pulled himself forward until Philadelphia Pa.. Broad St. Sta. Cincinnati. Ohio. 630 Walnut St.

Chicago. III. . . 12th & Wabash Richmond, Va.. 412 E. Broaii St. Kt.Worth.Tex.,905Oommerc-eSt. his face was in the light. GRAND Boston Mass. . 60 Hark Square Washington. D. C Minneapolis.Minn.509 6th Ave.N.

. Tenn., 527 N. Main St. He had a quick glimpse of upturned CIRCLE TOUR . 1110 New York Ave., N-.W. Memphis. Detroit, Mich., Washington Blvd. New Orleans. La white faces, heard a confused shout from at Grand River 720 S. Galvez Street including St. Louis. Mo Lexington. Ky.. 801 N.Limestono below. The wind tore at his face, twisted . . Broadwa> AiDelmar Boulevard Windsor. Ont. . 44 London St..E. BOTH Charleston, W. Va Montreal, Can., Provincial Trans- his goggles away again. A sticky stream 155 Summers Street port Co.. 1188 Dorchester SI..W. from a cut on his forehead was running WORLD'S FAIRS down his face. He stuck his head into the ONLY hatch, then his shoulders, gave himself a last shove. For a moment he hung, head m 95 down, half in, half out of th< narrow 69 opening. Then his parachute slipped through and he crashed into the aisle on his head. The lights flamed up explosively and went out. —for full facts on Convention trip, World's Fair Booklet

He was sitting in one of the seats. A Mail this coupon to nearest Greyhound information office (above) for rate and sug- routes your home city to Boston for the Convention. If you want free World's man was throwing water in his face. He gested from Fair booklet, put check mark in proper square: New York World's Fair , San struggled to his feet and shed his para- Francisco Exposition. chute. Name- "Take it easy," said someone. "You haven't been out {Continued on page §6) Address-

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine " — — ! "

56 Flight Surgeon

{Continued from page 55)

thirty seconds." Trent brushed him aside Doctors and an ambulance are waiting down. The ship was rolling on its wheels. and went forward through the open door for the pilots and they've opened the The tail came down with a bang. He into the pilots' cabin. field emergency hospital." taxied up to the ramp. He stepped over a form in the runway Headed east, Trent eased back on his Hardin. On the left seat, outlined in the throttles, let Trip Seven's nose tip into IT WAS one o'clock when he met glow of the instrument lights, sat a small the clouds. The moonlight dirtied out. Martha in front of the administration figure, her flight cap awry. Trent leaned building. She looked drawn and tired, and over her. her eyes were shining with unshed tears.

"Everything's all right now," he said. He felt suddenly gawky and ill at ease. "Let me in there and we'll be going "I liked your work in the emergency down." — hospital," he said, and he fancied his "George!" she cried, "How did voice shook a little. "You're an excellent "Never mind that now," he said nurse, Miss Wright, and a credit to your brusquely. "Let me get into that seat. school." Tell the passengers we're going into She took his arm and they started Woodlawn. Then come on back and see toward his car. He kept on talking. what you can do for these pilots." "Fine that those two boys in the "Yes, sir," she said—the operating- front end are going to get well," he said. room voice again—and went aft. "And a fine thing the field hospital has Trent looked over the controls, thanked that X-ray. Hardin has nothing but a the god of flying men for the trips he had slight fracture. And that bullet in Rum- made in B-55 bombers, not greatly dif- sey doesn't seem to have hit anything ferent from the AV-7. He picked up the important. Fine, isn't it?" microphone. Now they were at his car. Martha "Trip Seven to Whitacre. Go ahead." took her hand off his arm and turned to "O. K., Trip Seven. Hey, is that you, him. "You don't have to keep talking, Trent?" George," she said steadily. "I'm all

"Yes, I got aboard all right. We're right. We'll talk about it tomorrow." coming into Woodlawn. These pilots -AU6UST, Wis Before her, Trent stood fumbling need a doctor and an ambulance. What awkwardly at the zipper of his jacket, altitude do I need over the range for an and shuffling his feet. Like a small boy approach problem with this ship?" It grew dark. At 2000 feet he swung back with a speech to make, she thought. "Same as the 0-57 — 1500 feet," Whit- toward the west to finish out his pro- "Let's get home, George," she said. acre came back. "Ceiling here is 400 feet. cedure turn and headed back toward the He cleared his throat. Wind calm. Runway No. Two for your field on the beam. Down he rumbled, 400 "There's something I want to say," landing. Archie's here, Trent. He says do feet a minute, 100 miles an hour. He got he began. For the first time in the three it like you did this morning." his wheels down. At 1500 he leveled oft", years she had known him his professional Trent turned on the Woodlawn beam. set the flap control lever, eased along the calm was gone. "I resigned today from On course. He cut off the automatic pilot beam. Over the cone of silence he re- the university and I'm going to work and went on manual control. Beside him sumed his descent. with your father. I intended to tell you

Martha Wright was cutting the coat off Down he eased, eight hundred it was my decision, but it wasn't. It Rumsey. The beam narrowed and several seven-fifty. Ahead of them there was a was your idea, and it was a good one." times he ran off it from right to left, over- dim smear of light. It grew brighter. He gulped. "Now," he said, grinning, controlling in a ship that was strange to Six hundred—there was the field, bathed "that's over. And if you'll be good— him. Whitacre, smart lad. stayed off the in blue. He gave her the flaps. "Not good enough to quit your job and marry me air. Finally there was silence, then the airline practice," he told himself. "I From the administration steps, a surge. Trent swung around 130 degrees should have had them down a lot earlier." group of newsmen and mechanics were and headed back east. Now the black shadow arm of the flood- watching. He drew her into the shadow "Trip Seven to Whitacre. I just passed light was swinging, keeping the light out of the car. Up in the control tower over the station. Going back now for of his eyes. Ahead of him stretched the Archie moved away from the window and five minutes to let down. I'll be right in." runway. The green lights at the end of reached for a switch. The parking lot "O. K.," from Whitacre. "No change. the strip whipped under him. He was lights went out.

France, J^oved J^ong Since

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first, last and all the time; that this my long knowledge of France and the at" my French friends. Nor, thank article is addressed not only to my com- French, to point out to my own people a heaven, do I practise the tyrants' favor-

rades of the Legion but to all my fellow few of the reasons for the fall of France as ite sport of kicking a nation when it is countrymen and countrywomen who may we knew her in the brave old days, in down

chance to read it; that it is meant for order that we of the United States may them, and not for nationals of any other not err in the same ways, to our own OLD Marshal Petain, that pitifully country. In fact, I deem it in a sense to national undoing. That is my sole pur- tragic figure, in his moving broad- be my duty as an American, in view of pose in writing this. I am not "preaching cast soon after the great surrender,

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine —

summed up the situation roughly by saying that in the lush post-war years his countrymen had preferred pleasure to sacrifice, had pursued gain instead of duty. With that bitter conclusion no open-eyed and unbiased observer of the French scene from, say, 1921 on can help but concur. Long before that, in 1926, at the time of the first big tobogganing of the franc, I heard no less an authority than doughty little Monsieur Poincare confess to the Chamber of Deputies that the French were no longer a saving people, but a spending one. Coming from a Lorrain, of Bar-le-Duc and Nancy, a " Yermonter of France" as you might say, where thrift, austere living, and a high sense of duty go hand in hand, that statement was perhaps to be expected. Never- theless, my own observations, both in Paris and the provinces, amply con-

firmed it. The nation, in short, grew soft. The migration from those glorious old farms of France, which constitute the real wealth of the country, to the cities where higher wages, shorter hours, and above all more fleshly pleasures and ephemeral amusements were proffered, grew apace with each succeeding post-war year. Every important provincial center, such as Dijon, Tours, Bordeaux, Rouen, Havre, even rugged old Strasbourg, tried to make itself a little Paris, and new movie palaces, gaudy bars, and "danc- ings" burgeoned tike poisoned mushrooms. And don't get the idea for a minute that all this was done to attract the

tourist trade, rich as it was in the years before 1038. The natives, who made money quickly in not always healthy financial enterprises—witness the Sta- visky and Madame Hanau scandals provided the bulk of the cash customers. 3 _ - n n S I » nay In short, the grand old tasseled cotton

HO1 nightcap of the Norman farmer gradually * gave way to the paper dunce-cap of the night club playboy. The young men no longer rode horses „ewconv—c for pleasure and exercise, but placed bets ,Hs on the pari-mutuel in the nearest tabac, and scanned dope and form sheets instead of attending to business. They took no pride in a good team of Percheron draught horses, but mortgaged their farms and homes to run around the countryside in inexpensive little tin cans such as the Citroen or Mathis. Far be it from me to decry the manifold blessings of the automotive age; but all the time that they were discussing the relative merits of those watch-charm cars while at their evening aperitifs, their Italian neighbors (who used to be called "our Latin brethren"), over the border were busy building fast torpedo-boats and airplanes. The while their German counterparts were stealthily building tanks . . . And, in order to keep their thighs fit against Der Tag, the Germans were pedaling back and forth from their factories on bicycles. Save for cheering at the Six-Day Races in Paris, and following the Tour de {Continued on page j8)

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine —a —

ss France, J^oved J^ong Since

{Continued from page 57)

France over the radio and in the sports with their miniature muskets. That last first World War began to make them- sheets, cycling had become a lost art in spectacle furnished limitless fun to the selves felt, and the army could no longer France. aforesaid Gallic caricaturists—almost as count on an annual classe of 200,000 To be sure, under the influence of the much as did the jutting jaw of Mussolini young conscripts, there began a gradual Musketeers — Borotra, "the bounding and the cowlick and Chaplin mustache step-up to the two-year service rule. Yet Basque," Brugnon, Henri Cochet, Rene of Hitler. But the little Antonios and so sadly had the pre-military training, Lacoste, in the 20's and, on the distaff Dinos and Beppos are on the march; the and general health, of those youngsters side, the late ineffable Suzy Lenglen— Parisian cartoonists are out of jobs . . . been neglected that all they could expect good portion of upper class to obtain in their two years French youth was spurred to was a lick and a promise by go in for tennis in a fairly big their instructors, before they way. But that splendid were set free again into civil body-building sport never life. Moreover, the bonuses did permeate the other clas- awarded to reenlisting cases, and more's the pity. As reer soldiers, non-coms upon for boxing, though the na- whom every army worth its tion did produce such out- salt relies for its cadres, the standing specimens as the framework of its structure, orchidaceous Georges Car- were so niggardly doled out, pentier, Eugene Criqui, Emil that the Great Family lost Pladner, and a few others, thousands of its best- most of the males of fisti- equipped sons to private cuffing age were content to industry. sit on the sidelines and cheer. All this while the parlia- The same held true for soc- ment could find and vote cer, which the French will plenty of millions of francs persist in calling "Foot-bahl for gigantic, gorgeous pleas- Ah-so-see-ah-see-ohn." In- ure-craft like the Normandie troduced into the army as a and Ilc-de-Franee—and at great "mass-game" during least 45,000,000 francs a the last war, it never became year of "secret funds" to popular, in spite of all the subsidize newspapers and ballyhoo in the papers about even individual journalists t he pu rely professional teams. — lournics de propagande "Now that I've reformed him, I think And all this time husky (mainly in South America) I liked him a little better as a cad." young Germans, boys and by the aging actresses and girls, were trudging forth insufferable old ranting every weekend with Rucksacken on their This softness in the national fiber, par- "leading men" of La Comcdic Francaise, backs to hike and climb mountains, to ticularly in that of the youth, was not and expensive junkets for its own mem- practice canoeing on the rivers, lakes, without its effect on that eminently bers to faraway lands; to say nothing and other inland waterways, kicking foot- fluctuating, ear-to-the-ground body, the of the pots de vin, or wine-pots—well, balls around, rowing, discus-throwing, French parliament. Under pressure from make it BRIBES—which the mem- and javelin-heaving. The result was that their constituencies, the deputies and bers of parliamentary committees on de- when Hitler, in the spring of 1935, boldly then the senators gradually reduced the fense invariably tucked away every time tore up another clause of the teetering term of military service from two years an important war, navy or aviation con- peace treaty and reintroduced conscrip- to eighteen months, finally to a year tract was placed either with French or tion, he had a youth-army that, physi- and through tours defaveur saw to it that foreign firms. I verily believe that, beside cally, had no equal in all Europe, and a goodly number of sons of their wealthier the French Chamber of Deputies the outside the United States, of course and more influential political backers got toughest, most venal, bribe-and-boss- probably no equal in the world. Those cushy jobs as orderlies, postal clerks ridden state legislature that ever existed inimitable French cartoonists used to you know all the dodges—or appoint- in these United States was a paragon of have a lot of fun caricaturing little Hans ments to the higher schools of learning virtue, let us say a Susan B. Anthony, by and little Gretchcn, in Bavarian leather which would in time entitle them to com- comparison. I know! shorts and spiked shoes, marching all over missions. To be sure, amid all that parliamentary the Third Reich, and even into France. I think it is safe to say that never in corruption, which has been so thoroughly The trouble is that right now those same the history of the Third French Republic aired in the daily press that I need not go inimitable French cartoonists have no that was, had the army, La Grande into it further here, France did have from newspapers or magazines in which to A! in lie or The Great Silent One, which time to time the services of some great place their side-splitting sketches . . . also used to be referred to as La Grande ministers of war, such as Andre Maginot, and get paid for them! Famille Franchise, or Great French well-meaning but misguided builder of To the southeast, moreover, a nation Family (because, forsooth, everybody, the half-billion-dollar line which bore his which the French had always sneered at high and low, was supposed to serve his name, and little Louis Barthou, who lost as "mandolin players" was going in for good term in it), been so thoroughly an only son in the earlier World War and winter sports in a big way, practising a kicked about by politicians as was the who bled to death so tragically beside crazy game called "volata," a hybrid of grand old horizon blue horde between King Alexander of Yugoslavia that basketball and soccer, and above all 1921 and the outbreak of the war in 1939. grisly day down in Marseilles in the drilling, drilling, drilling —even unto the About 1933, when the "lean years" of autumn of 1934. But by and large, the little six-year-old "Sons of The Wolf" diminished birth-rate on account of the war ministry in the Rue St. Dominique

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine 59 in Paris, due to the frequent cabinet nation, amounted to the basest ingrati- it— the people of Paris not only did not crises, was never bossed for a long enough tude. An officer in uniform literally took recognize their own Foch, in full uniform, time by a really competent man w ith the his personal safety in his hands if he dared bul would not even make way for him! interests of the army—which, in France, venture into the "Red Zone," that belt All the military leaders of 1914-^0-1918 coincide with those of the nation—at of communist and socialist controled were daily reviled, lampooned, and cari- heart. From time to time, new premiers, suburbs of the industrial district sur- catured in the leftist press. Petain, who with a great gush of patriotic oratory, rounding Paris, after nightfall. On Armis- put down the mutiny of 1017 and gave would appoint professional soldiers, dis- tice Day of 1926, I can well remember back ils soul to the army, Petain, the tinguished generals, to the war post; but the difficulty that Foch's aide-de-cam p, pronouncer of the famous phrase, "They the dear old souls, brought up from their the then Major Rene L'Hopital, and I Shall Xot Pass," was depicted as a vieux teens to believe in honesty, loyalty and had in clearing a path for the marshal, St rognieugnieu, an old martinet, during all efficiency, were never the match for the and finding a taxi for the old artisan of his long term as Inspeclor-t iencral. wily little provincial parliamentarians by victory, once the ceremony at the Arc de VYeygand was sneered al publicly lie- whom they were surrounded; and they Triomphe had been concluded. Think of cause the leftists (Continued en page (>o) couldn't be everywhere to inspect every dirty mess-kit ... Of Daladier, the Wan of Munich, I prefer not to speak or write. Besides being parsimonious on pay and equipment, the parliament, and the cabinets which it created and supported, never did enough to stamp out communistic influence in the army, or the navy, for that matter. Communists and socialists have votes, n'est-ce-pas?, and strong party organizations, which on the second ballot can often "bar the route to the reaction"—meaning, often as not, the real patriots—and therefore are to be spared against a forthcoming election day. That was one of many instances in which the grand old principle of Liberty, Equality, Fraternity was carried too far.

"We know that Soandso is spreading defeatist and communistic propaganda in the army," one prominent politician once confided to me, "but—you know, we cannot make a martyr of him. That would only inflame not only his people, but the ranks themselves; and when the crucial day came, perhaps they would refuse to march, or disobey their sum- mons to mobilization." In my measured opinion, a few jail- martyrs in peacetime would have spared a host of misled firing-squad martyrs in wartime. But perhaps that's none of my business.

France, as we knew it before the surrender, was no exception in paying its elementary schoolteachers poorly. Thou- sands of them fell for communist and socialist propaganda, and inculcated those doctrines into the soldiers —and soldiers' wives and sweethearts—of the future. But what could one do when the Minister of Public Instruction was almost invariably picked, not for his academic laurels, or even for the flair with which he wore his black gown at commence- *-* ments and on "prize days," but for the ^^"'t^ebe number of votes he might bring to a " * tottering cabinet? And that feachers' fl* „ union in France, thanks to its leftist 1 1 c hookups, controled a colossal bloc of ..illio" ' . „ fro" ni 1 « eleclairs . . . re»*» ni mies „ a Along with that ec°n C communistic and ,m««"l'" ' cures'' therefore unpatriotic propaganda in the classrooms—it reached even the famous Normal School of Paris, where many of cere France's foremost thinkers and leaders liv have been trained there ihe V — grew- up an 0 j anti-militaristic sentiment which, in view BELL TELEPHONE SYSTEM of the splendidly unselfish service which The Great Silent One had rendered the

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Lehion Magazine 6o France, J^oved J^ong Since

(Continued from page 59) suspected his monarchist and clerical guard! If ever there was a soldier and only one out of many. Such was the dis- contacts—they saw in him a second gentleman —and all our chiefs of the credit of the painfully necessary but General Boulanger, a "man on horse- A. E. F., who knew and admired him, always honorable and upright profession back," perhaps even a Bonaparte! will bear me out —Charles Mangin was of arms that, save for a few "old France" Dirty little pamphleteers dug up the one, and of the finest. circles, the entire nation seemed to be never-quite-denied story of his illegiti- Yet Mangin went to an official lunch- inoculated with the anti-army virus. I mate birth (he was reputed to be a eon one day in the spring of 1925, and it have heard communist and socialist natural son of old King Leopold II of the is strange that among all the guests he deputies, whose hides had been saved by Belgians, and therefore a bearer of the was the sole person to be stricken with an the men in horizon blue whom we knew blood of the House of Saxe-Coburg and acute attack of ptomaine poisoning . . . as comrades, shout their vituperations Gotha), and asked in public print what Certain newspapers which had defended against the marshals and generals in open confidence France could have in an army him stoutly against the slurs of the chamber, with no rebuke from the pre- commanded by a sale Boclic. His exploits leftists made page-one charges that he siding officer. I have heard them sing the in bringing peace and order to Syria were had been poisoned, and for certain Internationale on the floor of the house, roundly dubbed bestial brutalities. And, reasons, and demanded an official in- and fight with fists (and feet) the loyal when Armageddon came, that tough quiry. The flabby-souled leftist govern- deputies who tried to drown them out by little man, the right hand of Foch, was ment then in power was in a terrible chanting the Marseillaise. I even had to kept far away in the Near East —for fear dilemma, and was saved only by brave sit through an official dinner in Brest at that he might attempt a coup d'etat—and little Mme. Mangin's refusal to consent which a socialist deputy-mayor had the was called in only when the situation was to an autopsy . . . And so low had the effrontery to declaim, in front of Vice beyond saving. moral fiber of France sunk, so ungrateful Admiral Dumesnil, "There are no more had certain played-upon sections of the patries—no more fatherlands!" BUT the vilifications of the anti-pa- populace become, that when Mangin's triotic press reached their basest when bier was being taken out of his homely YES, I saw a supine parliament prefer they were outpoured on the head of little apartment for the state funeral at a notoriously mentally-unbalanced General Charles Mangin, leader of the St. Louis des Invalides, a crowd of stone gentleman, Paul Deschanel, to great old immortal Tenth Army, the victor of masons stood hooting and jeering out- rugged Georges Clemenceau, for the Juvigny, the spearhead of the magnificent side, shouting, "The butcher has well presidency of the Republic. I saw a silk- counter-attack of July 18, 1918, which deserved it! Down with all generals!" stocking, intellectual ward of Paris's finally freed the soil of France, and under I defy anybody to say that I am not a famous "left bank" elect a ranting com- whom many of us are proud to have believer in the liberty of the press. I stand munist to the Senate, instead of that same served. Mangin, like Weygand, was sus- with evil, yet delightful, little old Mon- tough old "Father Victory." I have seen pected of monarchist leanings, of cherish- sieur Voltaire, Ben Franklin's friend, who brilliant men like Jean Piot and Andre ing dreams of giving France a centralized, told Helvetius, "I disagree with every- Berthon, who won their Legion of Honor solid, sound government; and, having thing that you say, but I will defend to ribbons on the battlefield instead of in been admitted to the intimacy of his the death your right to say it." However, boudoirs and ministerial ante-rooms, suc- family and circle of friends, I can now say I do make the distinction between liberty cumb to the infection, and blaspheme that the suspicions were well founded. and license. I shall never forget the the men who once set France free. And, Certainly he had no sympathy for shameless comment of the communist having been sad witness to all that, dur- pacifists and vote-truckling politicians, daily, L'Humanite, when Madame Foch ing a long and often painful period, I was as he told me himself more than once. He was to unveil a monument to the war- not surprised when the former Captain bitterly regretted, as did Pershing, that dead in some provincial city: Edouard Daladier sold his country's Foch had consented to the armistice of "A gay and happy day for Madame la gallant little ally, Czechoslovakia, down November nth —as well he might, see- Marechale to celebrate her husband's the river at Munich. But, I will admit, I ing that he and his Tenth, and our own blood-orgies!" never expected to see Petain of Verdun General Robert Lee Bullard's Second set up as a smokescreen, a sort of dodder- American Army, were all set for the IF ANY newspaper in Italy had dared ing latter-day Hindenburg, to cloak the jump-off on November 14th which would print that about Marshal Diaz, for ex- spectacle of France's surrender and have cut Germany in half and opened the ample, its plant would have been in collapse! route to Berlin and a triumphal pro- ruins within two hours after publication, I may be venturing into forbidden cession down I nter den Linden. and its editors in jail. If a German paper, fields when I say that had France had a Yet that modest, unassuming, self- even under the oft-times wobbling pre- virile, up-and-coming, patriotic-minded sacrificing, splendid patriot who was Hitler Weimar republic, had gone to veterans' organization such as we know Mangin was daily reviled as "The that length, a husky group of Stahlhelm our own Legion to be, and had that Butcher" — the same epithet that our war veterans would have wrecked the organization been started right after the ow n sissies of an elder day slung against premises and tarred and feathered the peace treaty, things would be in far Grant —as the "Nigger-Cruncher;" that writer responsible for that indecency. better shape than they are at this sorry to the man who built up France's mag- Yet in France it passed unnoticed; no day. But the Frenchman, unlike the nificent colonial army of blacks, the one action by the public prosecutor, no American, is not an instinctive "joiner." white man in all France who had their apology by a government spokesman in The old fruits of the First —and in many respect and almost fanatic affection! I the Senate or Chamber. What that swine respects great —Revolution have made shall never forget Mangin's great gesture of an editor forgot was that Second Lieu- him into an individualist, a man who has when his negro orderly, the stalwart tenant Germain Foch, only son of the "a horror of the herd." There were Senegalese, Baba Poulibali, died. The Marshal and his wife, had stopped a Ger- plenty of high-minded, patriotic ex- General donned full dress uniform with man bullet in August, 1914, while leading service men in the "horizon blue Cham- all his decorations, and as chief mourner his infantry platoon to the charge, and ber" which ruled France from 1919 to walked all the way across Paris behind died on the field of honor! 1924, but they couldn't make their ideals the humble hearse of his faithful body- That reeking example is unfortunately prevail; they had no organization behind

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine — — — 6i them. They had to stand supinely by while old Aristide Briand knuckled under to our Mr. Charles E. Hughes and Britain's Lord Balfour at the Washington Naval conference of 1921-1922, who made him accept for France the status of a second-class naval power along with Italy—one of the crowning diplomatic TEETH defeats (from a French standpoint) in all history. And when Poincare finally came back often into the premiership in 1022, and the worst next year, despite all of England's pulling, - nit" in 1 \ •"eoth offeitc/e marched his blue-clad boys into the , Ruhr Valley, the veterans in Parliament were able to render him only partial support. Then came 1024, the avalanche of the leftist forces, with but a brief patri- Don't let Denture Breath an d stains shout "False Teeth" otic respite in the elections of 1928. The KEEP PLATES LIKE N EW WITH POLIDENT 1932 crop of legislators was almost as weak-kneed as that of 1924; but in 1936 A thin dark film collects on plates or danger. It is Polident, a powder that This film soaks dissolves away all film, stains, tarnish and came the payoff, with Leon Blum, the and bridges. up odors and impurities like a sponge! It holds germs odor. Makes your breath sweeter — and Popular Front, the socialists the largest and decay bacteria . . . gets into every tiny your plates or removable bridges look group in the Chamber, and the com- crevice where brushing can't even reach. better and feel better. munists not far behind—and, well, you And it's so tough that ordinary brushing the rest! That Chamber of 1936 Tens of thousands call Polident a bless- know seldom removes it. ing for convenience and hygiene. Long- vintage is the one which recently shame- it results in Almost always "denture lasting can costs only 30(f at any drug existence facedly voted itself out of breath", one of the most offensive of store, and your money back if not de- yes, symbolically enough, in Vichy! breath odors. You won't know if you have lighted. Approved by Good Housekeep- Though I am, I suppose, a "white it but others will. ing Bureau and thousands of leading den- I maintain that I am a collar worker," Yet there's a perfect way to clean and tists everywhere. Hudson Products Inc., laboring man, and I glory in the title. purify false teeth without brushing, acid New York, N. Y. Nobody believes more sincerely than I in such wholesome principles as, say, the Cleans and Purifies Without Brushing eight-hour day and the five-day week, Do this daily: Add a little Polident powder to half a vacations with pay, and all the other glass of water. Stir. Then put in plate or bridge for 10 to 15 minutes. Rinse— and it's ready to use. delectable things which we now like to think are ours by right. But what Blum, that dilettante intellectual, brilliant lawyer though he was, quite forgot is the barren, stark fact that a nation like France, with a steadily-declining birth rate, can not afford such luxuries when it has lusty, procreative neighbors like and Italy. The unmistakable Germany Why suffer from miserable colds, social gains we have made in our own INVENTORS hay-fever, asthma, etc.. all your life! country in the past eight years have been Be immune! EASY! No drugs, fasting, Take first step to protect your Invention —without cost. Get free Record of In- made possible only by the fact that we impossible dieting or extra expense. Send vention form and 48 page Book, "Pat- Guide for the Inventor." Time for the findings of the Detmer Research ent had no powerful, war-mad neighbors. To counts! Don't delay. Write today. Group NOW! Only a Dollar Bill. CLARENCE A. O'BRIEN put it bluntly, poor Blum and his cohorts Registered Patent Attorney 25, Ontario. California r Box pent. OJ4... Adorns Bide . Washington, D. C. tried to "keep up with the Joneses" on this side of the Atlantic, quite forgetful of the glaringly patent fact that the next- door neighbors, the Schmidts and the Roccos, were arming to the teeth, and YOUR LATEST ADDRESS? working overtime at it. This brings me to another painful Is the address to which this copy of THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE was mailed correct for all near future issues? If not, please fill in this coupon and mail point. Those of you who have been THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE, 777 No. Meridian St., Indianapolis, Ind. through high-school French no doubt Until further notice, my mailing address for The American Legion Magazine is recall that amusing play, Le Voyage de new address Monsieur Perrichon: If you do, you remember how the old gentleman scanned Name (PLEASE PRINT) the guest book at the Alpine hostel in Switzerland, and, after noting all the Street Address inanities written there by his compatri- City. State. ots, struck an attitude, and exclaimed: "Mon Dieu! To think that a people 1940 membership card number who can be so witty at home can be so stupid outside!" Post No Dept old address That, I maintain, is one of the funda-

mental faults in the French mental make- S"I HI I i Addri SS up: They never have taken the trouble to City State. learn anything of the language, the cus- toms, the mental (Continued on page 62)

SEPTEMBER. 1040 I When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine 62 France, J^oved J^ong Since

(Continued from page 61) outlook of their neighbors. They are the miers, from Briand through Herriot and That distinguished French diplomat, real isolationists—beside them, with all down to Daladier and Reynaud, were my tried and true friend of years, Count our self-sufficiency, we are all-out inter- roundly rolled by British prime ministers, Charles de Chambrun, lineal descendant nationalists. Because their own beautiful when it was in Britain's imperial interest of Lafayette, and as such an honorary and precise language, which is as a formal to roll them! And look at the way in which American citizen in the States of Virginia centuries-old garden against the lush the French so piteously missed the boat and Maryland—he was born in the jungle-foliage of English, has been for with Italy! I can well remember Poin- French Embassy in Washington, D. C, years accepted as the one true inter- care's remark, after his first interview by the way, and admits that he learned national diplomatic tongue, they have with Mussolini in late 1922, "Bah, he's his magnificently slangy English "in the never bothered to learn another. And only a non-com!" And now that non-com, firehouse on K Street, along with Ed without learning thoroughly the lan- "honorary corporal of the Fascist mi- McLean"—once showed me a letter guage of another country, one can never litia," is telling Poincare's France where written by his illustrious forebear from a fathom its heart and soul. to head in, to do it "by the numbers," prison den in Austria, while he was in On the fingers of both hands I can name and how! exile. In that letter, smuggled out, the members of the outgoing French I do not wish to be bitter. I do not thanks to the bribing of a jailer, the parliament who, to my own personal believe in crying over spilt milk. In what Marquis, Washington's gallant ally, after knowledge, could read, speak and under- I have just written I have tried to point recounting his physical discomforts and stand colloquial, every-day English, out a few of the reasons for the defeat of the lack of news from his homeland—and Italian or German. Even in the Parlia- a friendly, highly civilized and cultured he was in a pitiful way—wound up with ment of 1919-1924, the last which had a nation, with which we of the Legion, the unforgettable phrase: "Mais je real patriotic outlook, the proportion was more than any of our compatriots, have m'obstine d vivre!" the same. Of course, here in the United so many lasting and cherished ties. But, "I am making myself stubborn to live" States, we have no cause for alarm be- by indirection, I hope I have in some —or, "I persist in living" —is the best cause our 435 Congressmen and ninety- measure been able to give warning of rough offhand translation I can give you. six Senators are not exactly expert certain conditions which might con- And it is my sincere hope, as I am sure linguists; but over in Europe the lack of ceivably arise in our own country; and, it's the hope of all of you who knew and understanding the neighbors' vocabulary from the tragic example of France as she appreciated the sterling qualities of the and thought can be a serious national now is, derive a few wholesome lessons as France "loved long since and lost awhile," handicap. Look at the way so many well- to what to avoid in the putting of our own that Lafayette's letter is now somewhere meaning and high-minded French pre- house in order. in loyal French hands.

Qhambersburg s zAburningl

(Continued from page 27) at almost any other time during the war. buildings of Virginia Military Institute. My host handed me a thick red volume Our advance guard moved right into "And only a week or two before that," from his table— the memoirs of General Georgetown. I sat on one of the big guns the old man went on, "in early June, after Early. I turned to the page he indicated. that were guarding the city. The gunners we had driven Hunter's men over the "The town of Chambersburg" wrote had all deserted. If a man had gone up Alleghenies into Greenbrier County and Early, "was selected as the one on which in the Capitol dome he could have headed them for the Kanawha, Hunter retribution should be made, and Mc- looked, that day, down southeastward was all set to burn the White Sulphur Causland was ordered to proceed, with in the Valley and seen our battle flags. Springs Hotel and the cottages. He would his brigade and that of Bradley Johnson

All the city was terrified. But we were have done it, too, if a fine young Pennsyl- and a battery of artillery, to that place unsupported, and General Lee had or- vania colonel named Schoonmaker had and demand of the municipal authorities dered us simply to threaten the city, not not begged him not to. the sum of $100,000 in gold or $500,000 to try to capture it. So the opportunity "Now it was because of acts of this U. S. currency, as a compensation for passed. kind committed by Hunter (and of the destruction of the property named "Now here is something that many course you remember Sheridan's state- (the private homes and the college noted people don't understand. The plan for ment about leaving the Valley of Virginia elsewhere, and their contents); and in the raid into Pennsylvania was not a with not enough food to supply a crow default of payment, to lay the town in rabble expedition—not a guerrilla act of with rations), and for the incendiary ashes. A written demand to that effect was terrorism. It was carefully thought out by acts of Pope in Orange County, that sent to the authorities, and they were in- General Early, and for a definite purpose. General Early ordered me to make the formed what would be the result of a fail- Up there in Northern Virginia, accord- Pennsylvania raid and give the Yankees ure or refusal to comply with it. For I ing to the general, Hunter had been using a taste of their own medicine. . . . desired to give the people of Chambers- the torch with a free hand—especially "Nick Fitzhugh, my adjutant, handed burg an opportunity of saving their town around Charlestown and Harper's Ferry. me a dispatch from Early on July 28th. by making compensation for part of the ." Homes of prominent Confederates had Early was over in the Page Valley just injury done. . . been burned to the ground—those of ex- the other side of the Massanutton moun- "For this act," continues Early, "I Governor John Letcher, and Andrew- tains from my brigade. When I read that alone am responsible, as the officers en-

Hunter and A. R. Boteleer, members of dispatch, I was dumbfounded. I had a gaged in it were simply executing my the Confederate Congress; also of one nasty job to do. Early ordered me to get orders and had no discretion left them.

J. R. Lee, a relative of the Southern my force in motion at once and advance Notwithstanding the lapse of time which general-in-chief. Down at Lexington, into Pennsylvania. I'd like you to read has occurred and the result of the war, T ." not long before, Hunter had burned the what Early himself says about it." see no reason to regret my conduct. . .

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine — 63

"Those," resumed McCausland, "were them my orders. I was simply obeying Help your Community Fight Infantile Paralysis with the when I set out through the Valley, " crossed Maryland into Pennsylvania EMERSON RESPIRATOR- ' IRON LUNG The route of the invading force lay across the old Chesapeake and Ohio Canal not far from Martinsburg, then over the National Road to the Clear Spring Pike and so on to Chambersburg, about 75 miles away. McCausland's and Bradley Johnson's brigades numbered at most 2600 men; the General told me he was constantly attacked by detachments of Averill's pickets. But on the 30th of July, very early of a sultry morning, the Johnny Rebs drew up on a rise behind the town, spread out, and unlimbered a piece or two of artillery, muzzles trained upon peaceful, pretty, wealthy little Chambersburg sleeping there below them. A six-pounder Parrott barked once that, says McCausland, was the only shot tired and it was fired across the town and not into it—just as a shot is fired Has your Post considered an "Iron Lung" as a worthwhile, public-spirited across the bow of an enemy ship at sea to project for your community? bring it to a halt. It meant simply that Many Legion Posts have already purchased this life-saving device. Early had taken possession. The shot did no damage; it wasn't meant to. When at the Boston Convention visit the Emerson factory in Cambridge. At the New York World's Fair see the Emerson "Iron Lung" exhibit in the Veterans After that, McCausland explains, he Building. Exhibit also at San Francisco Fair. rode with his staff down into town and met with no warm reception, you can For free literature and demonstration in any community in the United States write well believe. The people stood scowling the dirty Gray troopers about, leering at J. H. EMERSON COMPANY their bony nags. The general rode on 22 Cottage Park Ave. Cambridge, Mass. up to the city hall and found it deserted. Whereupon he called as many citizens together as he could find, told them what was in the wind and showed them Early's recalls this vividly. Flagships You general Take order. The "I told them what they could expect, if they failed to raise the money. I warned TO THE BOSTON them to get the city officials together at Direct CONVENTION once. Some of the townspeople came to see me, but most of them hung back. All I could do was to explain that I would • Fly to the convention. It's the most wait six hours until they had had time to important one in years! American accumulate the money. Meanwhile the Airlines routes and connecting lines take you straight to Boston. Sky- citizens, men and women, stood around sleepers overnight from the Pacific and demanded that the money not be Coast and the Southwest. Eleven paid. They said these dirty rebels flights daily from Chicago. Make wouldn't dare burn the town; that a big your reservations today. Call your the At the end Federal force was on way. Travel Agent or nearest American of six hours, the money was still unpaid. Airlines Office. No effort had been made to collect it, and so I had my men set fire to the place and a large section of the city was burned." And that, the general told me at the end of his recital, was the true account of the burning of Chambersburg—one of the few instances of the use of the torch on Northern soil during the Civil War. Afterwards, lurid accounts were printed again and again, telling the most exaggerated yarns of the killing of women and children and acts of downright cruelty. McCausland denies that. During

. SYSTEM MAP the remainder of that afternoon visit, he made some further interesting observa- AMERICAN AIRLINES ~ CONNECTING LINES tions in connection with the incident. Briefly they may be summed up: First, the charges to the contrary not- AMERICAN AIRLINES 9«c withstanding, he was definitely ordered by Early to burn the {Continued on page 64) ROUTE OF THE FLAGSHIPS

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine — —

(Chambersburg s burning!

(Continued from page 6j)

town of Chambersburg specifically. Sec- ments, by orders of their recognized su- ond, also in refutation of the charge periors, so long as they observe in good FOR HAIR TO BE PROUD OF! that no advance warning was given, faith the terms of the parole. This opinion does not extend to pro- Any serious attempt to he claims that he not only warned curb Dandruff, relieve tection against Acts of Congress such as Itching Scalp or check the Chambersburg people what was refer to the property and political condi- excessive Falling Hair to happen, but he showed them Early's calls for a serious- tion of the prisoner, but exclusively to order, and gave them a chance to remove purpose MEDICINAL ! his personal security and freedom from not treatment — some- as many of their belongings as they prosecution by local courts. thing that's just slicked chose from their homes, and had his men (Signed) General. on the hair. Use Glover's U. S. Grant, Mange Medicine and help some of them. Third, that although To Judge N. Harrison. it will soon massage and there was never a case of a Northern Eighth Judicial District, be apparent to you how West Va. really effective it is. No- general giving a Southern town or body knows better than your Barber property holder a chance to pay a ran-

ask him ! For the shampoo, use Glover's Medicated Soap—an important part of som and thus prevent destruction of "Judge Harrison was kindly represent- the treatment. FREE booklet on Glov- property, Earl}' most definitely did pro- ing my cause in Washington," the general er's famous System. Write GLOVER'S, vide that opportunity for the Chambers- explained. Dept. P, 460 Fourth Ave., New York. burg people, who scorned it. Fourth, that Grant's decision was only the prelude the raid was conducted in good order. to the ultimate letting-up of government GLOVERS I asked the general if he would have attacks on John McCausland. But that MEDICINE MANGE burned the town had he been acting on did not mean the North had forgotten.

his own initiative. Far from it. The old captains of both "Certainly not," he answered. "I can Yankee and Rebel armies were all in see Early's view of the matter: besides, their graves, and the Spanish War and our armies needed all kinds of clothing the World War had done much to weld and supplies which good Yankee money the two sections more tightly together ASTHMA would buy. But I am a soldier and make than ever before; and yet mentioning "StFREinilHOFFB! war in the field. Naturally the order was the name McCausland in some parts of If you suffer from Asthma, Paroxysms, from coughs, gasp- distasteful to me. Still, as a soldier I had the North as late as that day in 1925, was ing, wheezing—write quiek for daring FRKK TRIAL I apology to flag bull. OFFER of amazing relief, [nqu.iri.ei. from so-called "hope- to obey orders. And have no like waving a red to a less" cases especially invited. Write NACOR, 956-H, State Life Buildinn. Indianapolis, Ind. offer. What I did was in accord with the Toward the shank end of that Novem- rules of civilized warfare. My old friend ber day, after we had talked for hours, Grant, after the war, put his foot down the general walked with me out on to his on attempts to prosecute me for this front porch as I was leaving to catch the ToAnySuiti matter. I have some letters here." local train back to Charleston. He stood Double the life of your coat and vest with correctly The general rose and brought from an looking across the fields to the Kanawha matched pants. 100,000 patterns. old secretary a yellowed, faded letter River. knew he was nearing the great Every pair hand tailored to your measure. He Our match sent FREE for your O. K. before which he handed me. It read: dark river that flows around the world. pant9 are made. Fit guaranteed. Send pieco of cloth or vest today. SUPERIOR MATCH PANTS COMPANY There was a deep wistfulness in his St. Dept. Chicago Armies of the U. S. 209 S. State 1SS Headquarters, sunken old eyes as he said, shaking my Washington, D. C. hand: March 8, 1867. The American Legion "Maybe after they read the story you Dear Judge National Headquarters are going to write, those Chambersburg In response to your application of this Indianapolis, Indiana will I had nothing against date to have John McCausland, a par- people know them when I burned the town." He Financial Statement oled prisoner of war, exempted from trial for acts done by him during the war (by turned and went into the house. June 30 1940 ? direction of officers recognized by him as Two years later this last of the Con- superiors) I can only give my views, as Assets federate captains laid down his arms. one of the parties to the parole, on the He died on January 27, 1927, still unfor- Cash on hand and on deposit $ 588,311.29 I have held, and have so re- subject. given. Notes and accounts receivable . 46,725.07 Inventories 102,001.08 corded my views officially in substance, Possibly if John McCausland had Invested funds.. . .2,205,275.44 that the parole taken by officers and sol- Permanent investments: accepted the offer of the Khedive of diers who were engaged in rebellion Overseas Graves Decoration Trust Fund . 207,402.47 that far-off day at White Sulphur Othce Building, Washington, D. C. less against the Government exempted them Egypt depreciation 121,764.51 service abroad, he from trial or punishment for all acts of and entered would Furniture, fixtures and equipment, less depreciation 33.515.15 war, recognized by civilized govern- have had a happier time of it. Deferred charges 27,078. 58

?3,332,071.17

Liabilities, Deferred Revenue J^aird o' the ^tockade and Net Worth {Continued from page 37)

Current liabilities J5 90,558.82

. once com- Funds restricted as to use . ... 10,639.91 35th Division, taken at Commercy, tenant Paul Hutchinson, Deferred revenue. 395,625.88 of the Center, was trans- Permanent trust: France, during January of 10 10. mander Message Overseas Graves De< Trust Fund. 207.402.47 "Our small unit wasn't in what could ferred to Second Army Corps Head- Net Worth: Restricted capital. .$2,158,212.87 be called exactly an unusual branch of quarters; and we also had a very high Unrestricted capital. 451.651.22 2,609,844.09 the service, but it was one that carried regard for our ranking non-com, Ser- J55.532.071. 17 quite a responsibility, a unit of which geant Major Jimmy Plunket, who sel- I've heard very little since the war. Our dom grumbled or complained. Frank E. Samuel, National Adjutant officers in charge were line fellows: Lieu- "In addition to delivering messages

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine

WHEN PURCHASING PRODUCTS Pi I A\l MENTION THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE 05 from our own Divisional Headquarters, twenty kilos from our headquarters. The we rode to Second Army Corps Head- outfit was housed in a lot of those frame quarters, with an occasional trip to billets which were laid out in company Chaumont, General Fershing's GHQ. We streets. As usual I was in a hurry and also served as guides for visiting generals rubbering around to get some sign of when they came to visit the Division. their headquarters offices, when I came Sergeant Altmiller served as guide for face to face with a field inspection. It General Pershing and the Prince of was a fine array of each soldier's clothing Wales when they, with their aides, came —clean and neatly folded—lying on the to inspect the 35th at Commercy. I ground with mess kits and other equip- served as guide for Major General Wil- ment. A quick glance to the rear dis- liam Wright when he returned from the closed a couple of officers and thinking 89th Division to resume command of our one might be a second looey and I'd be Division while in the LeMans area. asked to explain my untimely visit at General Wright had commanded the that sacred hour, I had to act quickly. 35th while it was in training at Camp There being only a few non-coms and Doniphan, Oklahoma. privates ahead, I eased her into second "To me the picture brings memories of and away we went over underwear and our rides along the good roads through other equipment, with the exhaust whip- the beautiful Vosges Mountains and ping several pieces of lighter-weight other picturesque parts of France, as apparel up into the air—and I suppose well as rides where there were no roads I dented a few mess kits at the same time. and a fellow had to pick his way along Could hear shouts of 'Stop him, stop at night with no light, through mud and him!' and it's well that some guy didn't over rough and icy terrain. Many were try it. I could picture all sorts of punish- the spills! After a spill, our first concern ment being meted out for that offense, AlKa- was our machine and the probable but I got by and decided the smart damage to it, as we soon learned that thing to do was to give that place a torn skin would heal a lot quicker than wide berth thereafter. we could get replacement parts for the "It was my honor and, I guess, my FREE OF CHARGE machine and get it into service again. misfortune to be chosen to help wind up Mail the coupon below -RIGHT "Before entering service, I had tried at the business of the 35th Division in the NOW- get your FREE Sample different times to sell and repair motor- A. E. F. Wiggins and I were the riders, Supply. Have it handy when Acid cycles, had participated in road and with Holstein and Sturgeon as clerks, Indigestion, Sour Upset Stomach, track races, in sand-hill climbs and had left behind to handle the last-minute Distress After Eating or "morn- even spun a motordrome a few times. So material to be cleared through the ing after" Misery has you 'hang- it was only natural that I wanted to con- Message Center and the travel orders ing on the ropes. tinue riding, but it took almost a year until the last of the Division had gone, Take it for Headache and Mus- and a half to realize my ambition. I was then attach ourselves for transportation cular Pains, Muscular Fatigue and finally transferred from the Supply and rations to the last unit to leave, Tiredness. See how quickly you'll Train to the Message Center about the which happened to be the headquarters FEEL BETTER! That's why we middle of October, 1018, while in the of the 70th Infantry Brigade. On arriving want you to try Alka-Seltzer at Somme Dieu Sector. I had a passion for at St. Nazaire, we were told that the our expense. So this time— motorcycles, a longing to be a hero or transport with our outfit was due to pull render some sort of distinguished service out in a couple of hours. We hurried IT'S OUR to my country. The hero part turned out around to get ready and found that we to be a dud, but I did manage to dis- would have to be deloused and held in TREAT tinguish myself for the bone-heads I quarantine for several days. None of our pulled, and on an occasion or two almost explanations did any good and we were extinguished myself. even told we might have to wait until "About the neatest spill I had came our service records—with our Message one night when a huge pile of crushed Center then on the high seas—could be rock loomed up ahead of me too late returned from the States. When we four to dodge. So over I went, landed on the men finaUy got our discharges at Camp other side in rather an uncertain con- Funston, Kansas, I signed without noting dition, got straightened out, and com- that my discharge made no mention plimented myself on negotiating the ob- of my service with Headquarters Troop stacle, when I connected with a second Message Center but showed me as a Just mail the Coupon below similar pile. That was too much and it member of the Supply Train. Maybe (or postal card) and your FREE would hard to say which fared the I try to get that corrected. be some day may Sample Supply will be sent worst—me or the machine. A check dis- "I'd like to hear from comrades of the you by return mail. Better closed the starting pedal out of commis- old outfit —and they may remember me mail it TODAY, sion, also my right leg. Tore the choke better as 'Dizzy' or 'Old Diz,' which were or air valve from the carbureter and the the nicknames they stuck onto me." Mail this COUPON or POSTAL CARD skin from my face. By experiment, I MILES LABORATORIES, Inc. discovered that a piece of shirt tail made Call for outfit reunions in Boston LAST Dept. £-6, Elkhart, Ind. a fine substitute for the choke, and I got j during the Legion National Conven- Send FREE Trial Sample of Alka- going. I still wear the marks of that little tion, September 23d to 26th! Although Seltzer. fracas. It was Wiggins—the only man this is our final opportunity to list an- Name. of the old outfit I've heard from since nouncements of convention reunions, the war—who suffered two fractured there is still two weeks' time, after this Address. wrists from a mean spill on one occasion. issue reaches you, to report your reunion City .State. "While in the LeMans area I drew a to William F. Campbell, Chairman, trip to some outfit in a little town about Convention {Continued on page 66)

SEPTEMBER, 19+0 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine 66

FACTORY TO YOU J^aird d* the ^tockade SAVES YOU YS 50% PUT THIS NEW [Continued from page 6j) IA-TUBE Reunions Committee, 8 Beacon Street, Hotel Minerva. Spear Demeter, chmn., 214 Hun- ITT CHASSIS tington av., Boston. IN YOUR OWN Boston, Massachusetts, and request that Hq. Co., 302d Inf. —Reunion. James Burns, ISO W. Brookline st., Boston. publicity be given through the Con- CABINET M. G. Co., 302d Inf.— Reunion. Jas. W. Mc- AMAZING- vention Publicity Division. Comrade I.oughlin, 100 South Bend st., Pawtucket, R. I. fOREJON R£CEPTiON Co. C, 302d Inf.— Reunion. Wilford A. Walker, Other chassis and cabinet Campbell has replaced Jeremiah J. 53 Bow st., Woburn, Mass. models 5 to 17 tubes, up to 5 wave Co. A, 347th Inf. — Reunion. Jas. H. Buckley, including radio-phonos. Twomey as Reunions Chairman. bauds . . . WITH TUBES 44 Vernon st., Springfield, Mass. Home Recorder. FREE catalog. Special entertainment has been ar- Forestry Engr. Vets. (10th, 20th, 41st & 503d User-agents make extra money.) AMD SPEAKER ( Regts.)— Reunion. Hq. at Boston City Club. Geo. ranged for all women veterans the MIDWEST RAD IO CORPORATION by W. Schryver, chmn., Boston City Club, Boston. DEPT. CINCINNATI. OHIO Ex-Service Women's Committee under 14th Engrs. Vets. Assoc.—Reunion, Colonial the chairmanship of Mrs. Mary Sullivan of Worcester, Massachusetts. See pro- TO MEN PAST40 gram below. Women veterans are requested to report to Mrs. Molly Grady, Sufferers afflicted with bladder trouble, sleeplessness, secretary of the Committee, 8 Beacon pain in hips, back and legs and Street, Boston. general impotency—get Dr. Ball's 17-page Free Book that tells you how you may Boston National Convention reunions, nave new zest! AH la completely explained in thw enlightening Fr«» Book. Send for your copy Now, details of which may be obtained from Ball Clinic, Dept. 6807, Excelsior Springs, Mo. the Legionnaires listed, follow:

Legion Women's Activities—Sunday afternoon, Sept. 22, sightseeing trip to Lexington and Concord; Monday, 2 p. m., tea at Isabella Gardner Museum; Monday, 7 p. m., annual banquet for all Our Continuing ex-service women; Wednesday noon, drive along North Shore with luncheon at New Ocean House, Growth Swampscott. Mrs. Molly Grady, secy., Ex-Service Women's Comm., 8 Beacon st., Boston. Natl. Organization World War Nurses—An- nual reunion and breakfast, at Republican Club, Beacon St., Boston, Sept. 25, 8:30 a. m. Mrs. Mary Sullivan, R. N., chmn., 92 Chatham St., Worces- This September issue of The er, Mass. National Annual reunion and meet- American Legion Magazine is Yeomen F— ing. Dinner, Hotel Westminster, Boston, Sun. eve., being mailed to the largest mem- Sept. 22. Mrs. Agnes J. Welch, chmn., 24 Me- bership chanic st., Saxonville, Mass. The American Legion U. S. Signal Corps Women— Reunion. Write has ever enjoyed. Miss E. Jeanette Couture, 402 Beacon St., Boston. "Boo!" Soc. of 1st Dev.—Annual natl. reunion of all 1st Div. vets. Henry J. Grogan, chmn., 73 Summer Nearly twenty-two years have St., Hyde Park, Mass. Soc. of 1st Div. Aux.— Reunion. Mrs. Gerald Room, Hotel Westminster, Sept. 22-20. H. G. passed since men could have Fitzgerald, pres., 83 Olney st., Dorchester, Mass. Knapp, chmn., 35 Minnesota av., Somerville, Mass. earned the right to join The 2d Div. Assoc.—Reunion of nil 2d Div. vets. R. 15th Engrs.— Reunion. Dinner, Parker House, W. Robertson, chmn., 02 Summer st., Boston. Boston, Sept. 24. Samuel Sherreck, 4406 Acushnet American Legion. Yet we find Soc. of 3d Drv.—Reunion. Hq. at Hotel Brad- st., New Bedford, Mass. ford, F. Dobbs, secy., 9 Colby St., 21st Engrs. L. R. Soc.—20th ourselves the Boston. Geo. annual reunion, in summer of 1940 Belmont, Mass. Sept. 22-24. F. G. Webster, secy.-treas., 113 E. with the greatest membership in 4th Div. Assoc. — Annual natl. reunion, Parker 70th st., Chicago, 111. House, Boston, Sept. 23. Ben Pollack, chmn., 23d Engrs. Assoc.—Annual reunion. Hq. at our history. 100 Summer st., Boston. Hotel Brunswick. Dinner-dance, Sept. 25. A. C. Soc. of 5th Div.—Reunion, Touraine Hotel, Hudson, chmn., 3 Capital st.. Concord, N. H. 20th built Sept. 22. Write Thos. B. McKeon, ;77 Cohasset St., Engrs. — Reunion. Arthur D. Weston, We must have soundly and Worcester, Mass. chmn., 15 Blackstone Terrace, Newton, Mass. solidly to be able to present such 6th Div. Assoc.— Annual natl. reunion. For the 29th Engrs. — Reunion. Write Herbert S. Rand, Sightseer, write Clarence A. Anderson, natl. secy.. 129 Florence rd., Waltham, Mass. a vigorous front twenty-one years Box 23, Stockyards Sta., Denver, Colo. 39th Engrs. — 10th annual reunion. Hotel 41st Inf.)—2d natl. reunion. Statler, Boston, Sept. 24. after our founding in Paris in 10th Div. (espec. Chas. M. Karl, secy., Michael Cifelli, personnel adjt., 800 E. 228th st., 11040 Princeton av.,| Chicago, 111. (Erroneously 1919. Bronx, New York City. reported in Aug. as 30th Engrs.) 12th Div. Assoc.— 1st natl. reunion. H. Gorden- 50th (Searchlight) Engrs. Assoc. — Reunion. stein, natl. adjt., 12 Pearl st., Boston. S. J. Lurie, 2030 Clarence av., Berwyn, 111. Our magazine is enjoying its Soc. of 20th Div. — Annual reunion. E. Leroy Co., F, 3d Engrs.—Reunion. John S. Buswell, greatest readership these days, Sweetser, chmn., 81 Hancock st., Everett, Mass. 314 Warren st., Waltham, Mass. YD (20th) Div. — Reunion and banquet, Copley Co. G, 22d Engrs. —Proposed reunion. Geo. M. when the fires of patriotism are Plaza Hotel, Sept. 24. H. Guy Watts, secy., 200 Snyder, 1 Coulton pi., Rochester, N. Y. Huntington av., Boston. Hq. Co., 218th Engrs. — Reunion. Wm. Aitken, being rekindled over the length 77th Div. Assoc.—21st natl. reunion, Sept. 23- 199 Condor St., East Boston, Mass. and breadth of the land. 26. Hq. at Hotel Lenox. Reunion dinner, Sept. 23. Co. C, 312th Engrs.— Proposed reunion. Write Joe E. Delaney, exec, secy., 2S E. 39th st., New Michael Cusimano, 93 Main st., Buffalo, N. Y. York City. 3d F. A. —Reunion of all vets. Fred M. Clouter, That these facts are being recog- 78th Div. Assoc. —Reunion, with 78th Div. Post, 15 Tennyson st. West Roxbury, Mass. A. L., of R. I., as host. John P. Riley, adjt., 1.51 301st F. A. Assoc.—Reunion, Parker House. Jas. nized by national advertisers is Wendell st.. Providence, 1!. I. F. Moore, 10 Bromfield rd., Somerville, Mass. attested to by the gratifying vol- 81st (Wildcat) Div. Assoc.- Reunion-dinner. 303d F. A. Assoc. — Reunion, Hotel Sheraton, Write James E. Cahall, Natl. adjt,, 1400 M St., Sept. 23. Page Browne, Park Square bldg., Boston. ume of advertising revenue now N. W., Washington, D. C. C.A.C. Vets. Natl. Assoc.— Reunion-banquet, being 82d Div. Vets. Assoc.— Reunion, auspices Mass. Sept. 23. Vets, of Ry. Art., Trench Mortars, Anti- carried. Chap. G. A. Arnold, 3 Richard rd., Lexington, Mass. Aircraft, Art. Parks & Amm. Trns. invited. R. R. 85th Div. Assoc.— Reunion banquet. J. J. Jacobs, 43 Frisbie av., Battle Creek, Mich. This September issue closed Kraniak, pres.. Mariner Tower, Milwaukee, Wise. 57th Art., C.A.C.—Reunion. Geo. E. Donnelly, Natl. Assoc. Amer. Balloon Corps Vets. — 1500 University av., Bronx, New York City. with a thirty-four per eent net Annual natl. reunion, auspices Boston Bed. Hq. 58th Art., C.A.C.—Regtl. reunion-dinner. E. L. revenue gain over at Hotel Touraine. Eugene F. Daley, chmn., 136 Paltenghi, 50 Park av., Manchester, N. H. September, Highland av., Somerville, Mass. 07th C.A.C. Vets. Assoc.—Reunion. For details

1 m.i.i x in I'"- Reunion. f'h:is. A. Carroll, Gerald 1939. Every effort is being made 05 ii B and roster, write D. Nolan, chmn., 372 G. & C. Fdry. Co., Sandusky, Ohio. Bridle Path, Worcester, Mass. to register successive gains in Amer. R. R. Transp. Corps Vets. —Annual re- 71st Regt. C.A.C. Vets. Assoc. —Annual re- men. Gerald J. Murray, natl. union. Theo. A. Cote, adjt., 140 Bullard St., future issues. union of all railroad New- adjt., 722 S. Main av., Scranton, Pa. Bedford, Mass. Natl. Assoc. Vets, of A. E. F. Siberia—3d Btry. A, 44tii C. A. C.—Proposed reunion. natl. convention, Sept. 22-25. Dinner at Hq., Hotel Harold Hallagan, 20 Main st., Asbury Park, N. J. Statler, Sept. 25. A. Scher, chmn., 107-20 126th st., Btry. C, 04th Art., C.A.C.—Reunion. Chas. Richmond Hill, N. Y. Williams, 170 Falcon St., East Boston, Mass. The American Legion World War Tank Corps Assoc.—2d natl. con- 1st Corps Art. Park—Annual natl. reunion vention-reunion. L. A. Salmon, chmn., 11 Chapman of all vets. Write E. L. Jamison, 1905 Charles st., Magazine marches on. pi., Lynn, Mass. Wellsburg, W. Va. 301st Inf. Vets. Assoc.— Annual reunion-mili- Ord. Dept., Camp Hancock & Ord. Schools— tary ball, Ritz Plaza, Boston, Sept. 23. Hq. at Luncheon reunion, Boston City Club, Sept. 24.

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine When Pcrchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine. 12:30. A. O. Shallna, 305 Harvard St., Cambridge, Base Hosp. 6—Reunion of enlisted personnel, Mass. — Talance Club, Hotel Brunswick, Boston. Robt. Adv. Ord. Depot 101, Sochesmes-la-Grand C. Peterson, 441 Brookline av., Boston. GET MORE DRIVE Proposed reunion. Howard D. Clark, Valparaiso, Base Hosp. 34— Reunion of entire personnel. Ind. Thomas J. Bannon, 13 Worcester sq., Boston. Co. B, 58th Amm. Trn.—Reunion. Almo Pen- Hase Hosp. II - \nnual reunion of women vet> nucci, 50 Upland rd., Somerville, Mass. Mrs. Edith L. Mcintosh, 47 Morton rd., Beach Co. A, 43'Jth M.S.T., M.T.C.—2d natl. reunion. Bluffs, Mass. Win. L. Harvey, 234 Delhi st., Mattapan, Mass. Evac. Hosp. 4— Reunion-banquet of entire per- Cvmi' 1>e\e'ns Q. M. Asmii'. Annual reunion. sonnel. Allan K. Palm, Bridgewater, Vt. Wm. J. Meade, pres., 159 Jackson av., Bridgeport, Evac. Hosp. 14—4th annual reunion. Write J. Conn. Charles Meloy, pres.. Room 3050, Grand Central 301st Sup. Trn.—Reunion, Hotel Manger. Terminal, New York City. Leroy F. Merrit, 7 Karl pi., Brockton, Mass. Club Camp Hosp. 52— Reunion, Hotel Kenmore, Co. D, 439th Motor Sup. Trn— 1st natl. reun- Sept. 25. Ray S. True, 662 Main st., Hingham, Mass. ion. Write Thos. McDowell, 180 State st., Boston. Med. Dept., Base Hosp., Camp Lee—2d re- 310th Sup. Co., M.Q.C., Nantes—Proposed reunion-luncheon, Hotel Statler, Sept. 23, 10 a. m. union. Write T. J. Sexton, 73 Lasell St., West Rox- V. I. Trotter, chmn., Chrysler Corp. (Plymouth bury (Boston), Mass. Phone: Parkway 3008w. Div.), Detroit, Mich., or Mrs. Anna Pendergast, 304th Motor Transp. Co.—Reunion. Wm. V. secy., 232 E. Water st., Kalamazoo, Mich. Begley, chmn., 28 Mayfair St., Lynn. Mass. Med. Det., St. Elizabeth's Hosp.—Reunion- Motor Trk. Cos. 391-2 & 401-2— Reunion. Geo. dinner. E. C. Jackson, 205 W. 80th st., New York Franklin, 24 Sigourney st., Jamaica Plain, Mass. City, or D. Esbester, 2 Columbia av., Newark, N. J. Base Spare Parts, Depot Units 1-2-3, M.T.C. Camp Sevier Base Hosp. Assoc.—Reunion. For 327—Annual reunion, Parker House, Sept. 23. details and roster, write M. R. Callaway, organizer, Sandy Somers, pres., 498 Massachusetts av., Cam- Box 873, Dayton, Ohio. bridge, Mass. Camp Upton Base Hosp. Assoc.—Annual re- Verneuil and Nevers Vets., Units 301-2-3, union, Sept. 22. Dr. David Coyne, secy., 600 M.T.C— Reunion. John E. Havlin, chmn., 101 Washington st., Hoboken, N. J. Milk st., Boston. Marine Corps—General natl. reunion of all ex- Troop L, 11th Cav.— Reunion. Write Thomas marines, with Mass. Dept. and Theo. Roosevelt Hart, Box 398, East Islip, L. I., N. Y. Det., Marine Corps League, as hosts. Robt. W. Field Remount Sqdrn. 303 Assoc.—Annual Elder, 69 Riverview av., Waltham, Mass. reunion-dinner, Parker House, Sept. 23. W. J. 82d, 83d, 84th & 97th Cos., 3d IiN.Hq., 6th Regt., Calvert, 527 State Mutual bids., Worcester, Mass. USMC— Reunions with 2d Div. reunion, Copley 104th F. S. Bn.—Reunion, Parker House. Write Square Hotel, Sept. 24. R. W. Robertson, chmn., Geo. R. Deeeken, 173A Baldwin av., Jersey City 62 Summer st., Boston. For S2d-84th Cos., D. N. N.J. Harding, 110 Appleton st,, Cambridge, Mass.; 83d 317th F. S. Bn.—22d reunion, Parker House, Co., B. S. Schwebke, 1232 Bellevueav., Los Angeles, Sept. 23. For Review, write Irving C. Austin, treas., Cal.; 97th Co., W. M. Rasmussen, 2011 Wilson av., 180 Prescott st., Reading, Mass. Chicago, 111. 318th F. S. Bn.—Reunion. Write Leo A. Wall, North Sea Mine Force Assoc.—Reunion- 8824-43 av., Elmhurst, N. Y. banquet, Boston City Club, Sept, 23. Hq., at Copley 52d Tel. Bn., S. C.—6th annual reunion, Boston, Plaza Hotel. J. Frank Burke, secy., 3 Sherwood rd., Sept. 25. H. C. Nicholson chmn., 118 Putnam st., West Roxbury, Mass. Providence, R. I. Geo. C. Rost, natl. secy., 6916 Navy Radio Men—Reunion. Mark Feder, yeo- Cambridge, Madisonville, Cincinnati, Ohio. man, 132 S. George st,, York, Pa. 15th Serv. Co., S. C, Ft. Leavenworth, Ks.— Nav. Radio School, Harvard Univ. —Reunion. Reunion of vets of Hq. Staff and S. C. Hq. Feb.- W. B. Dobbs, 45 Melrose st,, Arlington, Mass. Nov., 1918. Write Patrick D. Morgan, Hartwick 6th Co., U. S. N. T. S., Gulfport— Reunion- feel Pines, Grayling, Mich. banquet, Paul Klose, Room 407 Municipal Court Makes you 37th Serv. Co., S. C. —Reunion. Joseph E. House, Pemberton sq., Boston. Fitzgerald, Box 157, No. Cohasset, Mass. 8th Co., 7th Regt., Newport N. T. S. —Re- better because Chem. Warfare Serv. Vets. Assoc.—Annual union. Wesley A. Cook, 340 Bank st., New London, convention, election of officers and reunion-dinner, Conn. you look better Hotel Westminster, Sept. 24. Geo. W. Nichols, Nav. Trng. Sta., Rockland, Me.—Reunion, secy .-treas., R. 3, Box 75, Kingston, N. Y. Kenmore Hotel, Sept. 24. Andy Bunton, 13 Oak- Air Serv. Vets.—Reunion all air vets. J. E. Jen- ridge rd., Atlantic, N. Quincy, Mass. let a bulging waistline (Mid-Seclion nings, natl. adjt., 337 E. Oak st., Louisville, Ky. Nav. Overseas Transp. Serv. —Reunion of Why Sag) ruin the fit of your clothes — spoil 1st Pursuit Group (Sqdrns. 27, 94, 95, 147, 185 crews of cargo ships. F. Hanley, 16 Fordham ct., & 218)—Reunion. Finley J. Strunk, secy. -treas., Albany, N. Y. your appearance? Thousands of smart men Bergenfield, Crew— 176 Roosevelt av., N. J. U. S. Nav. Detention Trng. Camp have found it's easy to look trimmer, younger, 28th Aero Sqdrn.— Reunion, Copley Plaza Reunion, Boston City Club, Sept. 25. Jos. F. athletic wearing The Bracer. And Hotel, Boston. Jack Sullivan, 93 Park St., Spring- O'Brien, secy.. Fire Alarm Hq., Boston. more by field, Mass. Mass. Nav. Militia (Natl. Nav. Vol.)—Re- when you look better you feel better — have 72d Aero Sqdrn.—Reunion. Edward J. Duggan, union. Edw. J. Hogan, Bunker Hill Post, A. L., more drive. Martin Terrace, Marblehead, Mass. Chestnut & Adams sts., Charlestown, Mass. 96th Aero Sqdrn.—2d reunion. Carl C. Blanch- U. S. Nav. Ry. Btries. — Reunion, Boston. Write Many Exclusive Features ard, Farmington, N. H., or Earl S. Ray, Nantucket, Edward M. Cook, M. D., York Harbor, Me. Mass. U. S. Nav. Air Sta., Killingholme, Eng. — A Bauer & Black product, only The Bracer Reunion. Paschal Morgan, during Boston convention. Write 140th Aero Sqdrn. — General muster has all these features: No Rip — seams cannot 14 X. Market, Nanticoke, Pa. Dave Gran, 4532 Deming pi., Chicago, 111. pull out. No Roll four removable ribs at top. 225th Aero Sqdrn.—Annual reunion. Jos. J. U. S. S. Aeolus—Reunion of crew. Samuel (Jake) — Pierando, 82 Weldon st., Brooklyn, N. Y. Steinberg, 127 Broad St., Elizabeth, N. J. No Bulge — knit from two-way stretch "Las- America Reunion of crew. Hq. at Coyne 498th Aero Sqdrn. — Reunion. Robert F. Hard- U. S. S. — tex" yarn. No Bother — convenient fly-front. ing, 40 Beach st., Marblehead, Mass. Engineering & Electrical School, 83 Haverhill st., 638th Aero Sqdrn. — Reunion. Willard L. John- Boston. Jas. E. Johnson, 8 Beacon st., Stoneham, Two popular styles: the regular Bracer for son, comdr., 4842 Devonshire rd., Detroit, Mich. Mass. all-purpose wear; the Bracer Royal with por- Selfridge Field Vets. Club—Annual reunion. U. S. Destroyer Burrows—Reunion. Peter E. ous, open-weave waistband for extra comfort Jay N. Helm, pres., 940 Hill st., Elgin, IU. Cocchi, 25 Maiden st., Springfield, Mass. Air Serv. Mech., 1st, 2d, 3d, 4th Regts.— U. S. S. Charleston—Reunion. O. D. Turner, in warm weather. At department, drug, men's Annual reunion, Hotel Manager, Boston, Sept. 23. Vernon, Ala. apparel, sporting goods stores and physician John L. Cuffe, chmn., 21 Mason st., Salem, Mass. U. S. S. Covington Assoc. —Reunion-banquet, Spruce Prod. Div. Assoc.—2d annual reunion. Hotel Lenox, Sept. 23. Geo. E. Cummings, 195 supply houses. William N. Edwards, secy., 422 Greenleaf st., Bowdoin st., Dorchester, Mass. 8 Cet your Bracer today and brace up! Evanston, 111. U. S. S. DeKalb— Reunion. Ashley M. Smith, Bakery Co. 337— 1st reunion and banquet. L. Pierce St., Revere, Mass. Dixie Reunion. Dr. R. O. Levell, chmn., E. Bancroft, Box 79, Sudbury, Mass. U. S. S. — WHAT A DIFFERENCE IT MAKES! Camp RochambeaU Associates St. Pierre-des- Box 163, New Castle, Ind. Corps—Reunion-banquet. Elmer F. Forest, secy., U. S. S. Drcndnaughl & Undaunted—Reunion. 9 Arbutus pi., Lynn, Mass. W. A. Magner, 52 Autumn st,, Everett, Mass., or 7th Army Corps Hq., 3d Army-—Reunion. Dr. Henry Doherty, 14 Flint av., Somerville, Mass. L. L. Crites, 1219 River st,, Hyde Park, Boston. S. Destroyer (Continued on page G8) U. WITH THE j

LEGIONNAIRE CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS ISSUE If your dealer cannot supply you with The Bracer, simply fill out and mail the coupon with a check or money order; Bracer $2.00 (Canada $2.75), Bracer John J. Pershing, George Washington Post, Washington, D. C. Royal 83.00 (not available in Canada). Will Graven, Advertising Men's Post, New York City. — — — ^— — — — — — — ^— ^— — — ^— — BAUER & BLACK, Division of The Kendall Co., Hudson Hawley, Paris (France) Post. Dept. D-I5, 2500 South Dearborn St., Chicago, III. Orland K. Armstronc, Goad-Ballinger Post, Springfield, Missouri. (In Canada, Station K, Toronto.) I am enclosing check or money order for Kent Hunter, Phoebe Apperson Hearst Post, New York City. Please send Bracers. Bracer Royals. Bill Cunningham, Crosscup-Pishon Post, Boston, Massachusetts. My waist measurement is Barron C. Watson, Advertising Men's Post, New York City. Name : Address Conductors of regular departments of the magazine, all of whom are Legion- City naires, are not listed. My deah-r's name and address is

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine —

THE J^aird o' the ^tockade American Legion Magazine (Continued from page 6j) INDEX of

ADVERTISERS Ericsson — Reunion. James M. Cureton, Spring; Joseph, Mo., Oct. 18-20. For roster, report to F. W. Valley, N. Y. Manchester, secy., P. O. Box 182, Joplin, Mo. U. S. S. Georgia— Reunion of crew. Elmer 37th Div. A. E. F. Vets. Assoc.—22d reunion, (Whitie) Gross, 70 Winthrop St., Charlestown, Mass. Mansfield, Ohio, Aug. 31-Sept. 2. James A. Sterner, ('. S. S. Hannibal & Leonidas— Reunion of chaser 1101 Wyandotte bldg., Columbus, Ohio. American Airlines, Inc 63 crews. A. E. Levine, yeoman, 075 Tremont St.. Lost Battalion Survivors— Reunion-luncheon, Boston. Xew York City, Sept. 29. Maj. McMurtry as host, American Can Co 57 U. S. S. Henderson — Reunion. Arthur T. Con- Walter J. Baldwin, secy., 28 E. 39th st., Xew York nolly, 151 Payson rd.. Chestnut Hill, Mass City. American Telephone & Telegraph Co. ...59 L". S. S. llousatonic— Reunion-banquet, Boston 81sr (Wildcat) Div. Assoc.—Annual natl. re- City Club, Sept. 23, 0:30 p. M. Ross H. Currier, 108 union. Richmond, Va., Nov. 9-11. James E. Cahall, Anheuser-Busch, Inc 45 Massachusetts av., Boston. natl. adjt., Hotel Richmond, Richmond, Va. U. S. S. Israel—Proposed reunion. C. S. Cowan, 83d Div. Vets. Assoc. of Ohio—For use in com- 25 West 45th St., New York City. piling divisional history, all vets are requested to Armed Guard Crew, U. S. Army Cargo Trans- send information regarding service of Division to Ball Clinic 66 port Jean— Reunion Stanley E. Mason, 68 West- Hq., 312 Akron Savings & Loan bldg., Akron, Ohio. ford Circle, Springfield, Mass. 89th (Mid-West) Div. Soc.—Annual conven- Bauer & Black 67 S. S. Kerwoml Armed Guard—Reunion. M. V. tion-reunion, Omaha, Xebr., Sept. 20. James E. jr (i Mason, , Barnes av., East Boston, Mass. Darst, pres.. Municipal Auditorium, St. Louis, Mo. Bean. L. L 70 U. S. S. Lake Elsinore—Reunion. Robert Hardy, 91st Div., Xorthern Sector— Reunion, Hotel t_' ( 'onsrress si Winthrop, , Lawrence, Mass. Tacoma, Wash., Sept. 21. Rosters for U. S. S. Moccasin—Reunion of crew. Edward State of Washington available through B. K. McAuliff, 2118 X. 25th st., East St. Louis, 111. Powell, secy., 401 4th & Pike bldg., Seattle, Wash., Carter Medicine Co 70 U. S. S. Mount Vernon Assoc.—22d annual at twenty-five cents. reunion-dinner. Hotel Manger, Sept. 23, 7 p. m, 60th Inf. — Reunion with 5th Div., Hotel Xew Cities Service Co 5 P. N. Home, shipswriter, 110 State St., Boston. Yorker, Xew York City, Aug. 31-Sept. 2. Aug. 31st U. S. S. O'Brien—Reunion. Karl A. Kormann, 23 is 5th Div. Day at World's Fair. Write Wm. Barton College of Swedish Massage 71 Lakeville rd., Jamaica Plain, Mass. Bruce, 48 Ayrault st., Providence, R. [. U. S. S. Plattsburg—Annual reunion. Brent B. 107th Inf. —22d annual reunion-dinner, Hotel Commonwealth of Pennsylvania 43 Lowe, chmn., 122 Bowdoinst,, Boston. Astor, Xew York City, Sept. 28. Gilbert G. Clark U. S. S. Quinnebaug Assoc. — Reunion-dinner, chmn., 118 W. 57th st., Xew York City. City Club, Boston, Monday evening, Sept. 23. E. J. 130th Inf. & 4th III. Inf.—14th reunion, OIney, Stewart, 1 Prospect Park West, Brooklyn, X. Y. 111., Oct. 5-6. Karl A. Gaggner, pres., OIney, or Joe S. Rijndam E. Harris, secy.-treas., Paris, 111. Detmer Research Group 61 U. S. —2d reunion-dinner. James F, McKeegan, 145 Greenpoint av., Brooklyn, X. Y. 308th Inf.— Reunion and dance, Hotel McAlpin, Broadway Doan's Pills 70 U. S. S. Sierra—Reunion. Walter Petersen, 48 & 34th st., Xew York City, Oct. 12. Revere st., Winthrop, Mass. Auspices 30Sth Inf. Post and Aux. Proceeds for S. S. Silver Shell—Proposed reunion. Write Frank welfare fund. L. C. Barrett, 157 Beechwood av.. Brousseau, adjt., Edmund Meachem Post, A. L., Mount Vernon, X. Y. Windsor, Yt. 308th Inf.— Forty-page booklet of pictures and Emerson, J. H. Co 63 U. S. S. Teras— Reunion. E. X. Chalifoux, stories of Lost Battalion Survivors from Minnesota

ltil.'i E. v ill st., < 'hicago, II!. and the West, One dollar. Carl J. Peterson, Hay- V. S. S. Virginia Assoc.— Reunion. Phone Fred field, Minn. Pearson, Natl. Shawmut Bank, Boston, or John 313th Inf. Annual reunion, Mountfaucon Post Franklin Institute 70 J. — Tibbetts, Mystic 6833 R. Club House, Baltimore, Md., Oct. 5. R. Lee Bald- U. S. S. Waters— Reunion. T. H. Stolp, 5404 X. win, 924 St. Paul st,, Baltimore. 5th st., Philadelphia, Pa. Vets. 314th Inf.—Annual reunion. Hotel Phila- U. S. S. Wilhelmina—Annual reunion. Dr. Milo delphia, Philadelphia, Pa., Sept. 27-29. Geo. E General Electric Co 51 M. Sorenson, 1601 W. 6th St., Racine, Wise. Hentscnel, secy., 1845 Champlost av.. Philadelphia. U. S. S. Yacona—Reunion. Geo. J. Geisser, Pub. 316th Inf. Assoc.—Annual reunion, Xew York Glover, H. Clay 64 BIdgs. Dept., City Hall, Providence, R. I. City, Sept, 28. Edwin G. Cleeland, secy., 6125 U. S. S. Zeelandia— Reunion. Leonard W. Witt- McCallum st., Philadelphia, Pa. Lines, The 55 Greyhound man, 1906 E. Main st., Rochester, N. Y. 332d Inf. Assoc.— 19th reunion, Youngstown, U. S. S. C. 24S—Reunion. Warren C. Burnham, Ohio, Aug. 31-Sept, 1. Henry P. Everitt, secy., 1395 Commonwealth av., Boston. 76 Como av., Struthers, Ohio. Syracuse (X. Y.) Camp Band—Reunion, Sept. 353d (All-Kansas) Inf. Soc.—Annual reunion, Kristee Co 70 22. Thos. Small, 11a Ashland st., Somerville, Mass. Hutchinson, Kans., Aug. 31-Sept. 2. Regtl. history 2d Bn., U. S. Guards— Reunion. Write to Wm. available at $1.60. John C. Hughes, secy., 829 East J. White, City Assessor, Iowa City, Iowa. B, Hutchinson. La Valbonne Vets. Assoc.—Reunion of Inf. 355th Inf. Assoc.—Annual reunion. Grand Liggett & Myers Tohacco Co. Candidate School vets. Write Henry Rappleye, Island, Xebr., Sept. 15-16. Joe Seymour, adjt., 410 Hotel Paris, 752 West End av., Xew York City. E. 8th st„ Grand Island. Chesterfields Cover II Amer. Student Detachments— Reunion. Fred Hq. Co. 129th Inf.—8th reunion, Hopkins Park, M. Clouter, 15 Tennyson st., West Roxbury, Ma-s. DeKalb, 111., Sept. 8. Geo. A. Novak, co. comdr., Amer. Merchant Marine—Reunion. John 77 W. Washington st., Chicago, 111. O'Brien, 14 Salem pi., Maiden, Mass. Co. I, 134th Inf.—7th reunion-picnic, Ord, McNess Co 71 War Vets, of U. S. Civil Service—2d annual Xebr., Sept, 1. C. W. Clark, secy., Ord. reunion and convention. Write O. R. Isaacson, Co. I, 141st Inf. —3d reunion of The Stick Club. Midwest Radio Corp 66 7608 S. Peoria St., Chicago, 111. Ft, Worth, Tex., Oct, 5-6. For roster and details, A. L. members, Women World War Vets. — write W. E. Suter, Box 265, Woodville, Tex. Miles Laboratories, Inc 65 Luncheon, Parker House, Sept. 23, 1 p. m. Florence Co. C, 340th Inf.— 10th reunion, American E. Caldwell, chmn., U. S. Vets. Hosp., White River Legion Club Rooms, Sheboygan, Wise, Sept. 28. Miller Brewing Co Cover III Jet., Vt. August Langhoff, secy., 1302 S. 17th st., Sheboygan. American Sec, Paris (France) Post, A. L. Co. A, 350th Inf. —Annual reunion, St. Joseph, Reunion. Hq. at Hotel Statler. Write Jack Specter, Mo., Xov. 10-11. John H. Dykes, 214 Kennedy 752 West End av., Xew York City. bldg., Tulsa, Okla. Nacor Medicine Co 64 4th Bn., Camp Syracuse & Camp Mills—Pro- 3d Pioneer Inf. Vets. Assoc.—3d natl. reunion, posed organization and reunion. Samuel S. Gele- St. Paul, Minn., Xov. 13. For roster, write Hq., New York State 3 witz, 14 Pine St., Hyde Park, Mass. 411 Essex bldg., Minneapolis, Minn. Co. 2, 17th Prov. Trng. Regt., Plattsburg 4th Pioneer Inf.—Proposed reunion. Ben. H. Barrack— Reunion and dinner of vets, of Aug.- Giffen, Jones Law bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. Xov., 1917, Hotel Westminster, Sept. 24. 6 p. m. 51st Pioneer Inf.— 17th annual reunion, Hemp-

I I s sti-ad, . Sept. O'Brien, C. A 61 Walter Channing, 50 Congress st., Boston. X. \ ., John Mac k, gen. chmn., American Legion Founders— Informal reunion 133 Willow st., Hempstead. (and refreshments), for vets, who attended Paris or 59th Pioneer Inf. Assoc.—5th annual reunion. St. Louis Caucus. Statler Hotel, Sun., Sept. 22, Fort Dix, X. J., Sept. 28-29. Howard D. Jester, 6 P. M. John J. Sullivan, pres., 1801 Smith Tower, secy., 1917 Washington St., Wilmington, Del. Polident 61 Seattle, Wash. 11th F. A. Vets. Assoc.—Reunions, Providence, R. I., and Portland, Ore., Aug. 2. Premier Pahst Sales Co 41 31-Sept. R. C. Dickieson, secy., 7330 180th st.. Flushing, X. Y. 313th F. A.— Reunion, Wheeling, W. Va., with and activities at times REUNIONS Legion Dept. Conv., Aug. 31-Sept. 3. Wm. Gomp- ers. Mutual Savings Bank bldg.. st.. . and places other than the Legion Market Remington Arms Co 69 Wheeling. National Convention, follow: Btry. E, 150th F. A. Reunion, Vincennes, Ind., R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. — Oct. 25-27. Write C. K. Gregg, 6094 Ralston dr., 7th Div.—Proposed organization and reunion. Indianapolis, Ind., for roster. Camels Cover IV W. F. Root, 824 S. 2d st,, Springfield, 111. 56th Reot., C. A. C, Assoc.—Reunion, Green- Soc. of 5th Div. —Annual reunion, Hotel Xew Prince Albert 47 wich, Conn., Sept. 1. Frank W. Parrish, V. P., P. O. Yorker, Xew York City, Aug. 31-Sept. 1. Aug. 31st Box 315, Torrington, Conn. is 5th Div. Day at World's Fair. W. E. Aebischer, Btry. F, 60th Art., C. A. C.—1th reunion. chmn., Glenwood Gardens, Yonkers, X. Y. Chamberlin Hotel, Fort Monroe, Va., Sept. 28-29. Red Diamond Round-Up— Reunion 5th Div. A. C. Willcox, jr., Sani-Flush 71 secy., 1009 E. Main St., Rich- vets, Morrison Hotel, Chicago, 111., Aug. 31-Sept. 2. mond, Va. Frank Barth, 105 W. Madison st., Chicago. Btry. A, 2d Trench Seagram Distillers Corp 2 Mortar Bn.—2d reunion 29th Div. Assoc.—Annual convention, Xorfolk, Richmond Hotel, Hichmond, Va., Sept, 27-29. Va., Aug. 30-Sept. 2. Wm. C. Xickles, natl. adjt., Superior Match Pants Co 64 J. Earl Pultney, chmn., 994 Bluff st., Beloit, Wise. 4318 Walther av., Baltimore, Md. 313th M. G. Bn. —21st reunion, Erie, Pa., Sept. Div. 32p Vet. Assoc.— Biennial convention- 1. L. E. Welk, 210 Commerce bldg., Erie. reunion, Green Bay, Wise, Aug. 30-Sept. 2. Ralph 319th Remount Depot Reunion, Franklin, H. Drum, — chmn.. Green Bay. Ind., Oct, 6. Clayton O'Banion, secy., Tipton, Ind. United Brewers Industrial Foundation. .53 35th Div. Assoc. —21st annual reunion, St. 115th F. S. Bn.—Proposed pre-Xatl. Conv. re- The AMERICAX LEGIOX Magazine Whfn Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine — union. New York City, in Sept. Ralph H. Gilbert, Base Hosp. 48— Reunion, Utica, N. Y., Oct 12. Room 1308, 140 West st., New York City. Chester W. Owen, chmn., 625 Eagle st., Utica. 321st F. S. Bn.— Reunion, New York City, in Base Hosp. 116—22d annual reunion. Hotel Sept. For date, write Victor J. Kline, P. O. Box 167, McAlpin, New York City, Sat., Nov. 9. Dr. Torr Orland Park, 111. W. Harmer, 415 Marlborough St., Boston, Mass. Co. C, 100th F. S. Bn.—2d reunion, Chicago, ni., Evac. Hosp. 13 Assoc.—Annual reunion, Com- Sept. 18. Art Park, 809 College av„ Wheaton, 111. modore Perry Hotel, Toledo, Ohio, Aug. 31-Sept. 2. Co. E, 304th Sup. Trn. Vets. Assoc.—6th re- Leo J. Bellg, 80S Ash st ., Toledo. union, at Francis Scott Key Post (A. L.), Home, 332d Field Hosp.— Reunion of personnel, Cleve- Mo> and'Jtnpmed Frederick, Md., Sept. 8. Raymond L. Tyson, secy., land, Ohio, Sept. 1-2. Floyd Stackey, Geneva, ( lino. 10 Central av., Horsham, Pa. 1st Marine Aviation Force Vets. Assoc. — 16th Engrs.— Biennial reunion, Detroit, Mich. Reunion, Detroit, Mich., Nov. 9-11. John B. Aug. 30-Sept. 2 (dates changed from Sept. 6-9). Macauley, chmn., 12800 Oakland av., Detroit. Write 16th Engrs. Assoc. 704 E. Jefferson av., U. S. S. Connecticut Vets. Natl. Assoc.—4th SOITPOINT^^ Detroit. reunion. Hotel Walton, Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 19. 301st Engrs. Assoc.—Reunion, Providence, Fay Knight, natl. capt., Box 487, Closter, N. J. R. I., Sept. 14. Vets not receiving notices, report to U. S. S. Solace—Annual reunion, Philadelphia, FOR CENTER FIRE SPORTING Esmond S. Borod, secy., 51 Empire St., Providence. Pa., Nov. 2. Dr. R. A. Kern, University Hospital, 22d Engrs., Cos. A, B & C—Annual reunion. Philadelphia. RIFLE CARTRIDGES Galena, 111., Sept. 1. Julius A. Nelson, adjt., 23 E. National Guard—National Guard Veterans' 137th pi., Riverdale Sta., Chicago, III. Day will be observed at the New York World's Fair Base Hosp. Camp Grant Assoc. —2d reunion, on Sunday, Sept. 29th, under sponsorship of the Y. M. C. A., Milwaukee, Wise, Sept. 16. Harold E. Associated National Guard and Naval Militia Giroux, pres., 841 W. Barry av., Chicago, 111. Veteran Organizations of the U. S. Special "combi- Look for the Base ll'isiv 1] — Proposed reunion. W rite Miss nation tickets" at reduced rates available. Geore- Edith Hodgson, 16548 Lawton av., Detroit, Mich. McMillin, secy., 125 W. 14th st., New York City. notched bullet! Base Hosp. 32— Reunion at The Athenaeum, John Noll. Indianapolis, Ind., Sept. 7. Paul F. Ritters, secy., J. 3136 Graceland av., Indianapolis. The Company Clerk

Old ^hCan Terrapin"* s "Derby

(Continued from page jj) permanent preservation of the history of reverence bow. No passing bell doth the Legion in that county when an ar- toll, yet their immortal souls have rangement was made with the Camden passed on. God rest them this night and " County Historical Society to become the for all nights to come. Amen.' general depository. Post Historians com- piled complete records of their Posts Americanism which were submitted to County His- "CORE-LOKT" controlled mushroom- torian William J. Gannon, who arranged CARRYING on a program begun them for deposit with the Historical several years ago, the Schenectady ingfeature now available in soft point Society. Additions to the historical file County (New York) organization staged type bullets AT NO EXTRA COST! will be made from time to time by The its most successful Americanism cam- Legion. paign during the week ending with June SINCE the announcement of the Core- The presentation was made by County 14th. Though the Legion's County Lokt mushroom bullet last year, big Commander Harvey Gaunt. In accept- Americanism Committee took the lead game hunters have been loud in their praise ing the trust Mr. Harry Marvin, Presi- in planning and directing the series of of its performance. Now the Core-Lokt dent of the Historical Society, said: "To- events, it was in reality a community re- feature is available to meet the demands day marks a new era in cooperation be- dedication and was actively participated of those who prefer the soft point bullet tween the Historical Societies and in by the citizens generally and by for big and medium game. American Legion Posts in this State, and organized groups. This bullet introduces a new type of perhaps in this land. I esteem it a privi- "The Legionnaire Mayor of Schenec- notched jacket tip which not only makes it lege to accept your Post records and to tady, Mills Ten Eyck, headed the Gen- readily recognizable to the hunter, but also preserve them in our library as befits eral Committee as Honorary Chairman," provides many advantages: 1 —The bullet their growing importance." writes Legionnaire Raymond C. Willey, expands symmetrically, owing to lines of Chairman of the County Americanism direction induced by the notches of the jacket, for tremendous power and smash- The Chaplain's Voice Committee. "The complete cooperation ing effect; 2 Mushrooming starts imme- of the Chamber of Commerce, other — diately and is dependable in both large "T^OR ten years Commander J. D. groups and the citizens generally carried and small caliber bullets; 3 — Bullet core is Doyle, U. S. Navy, retired, has our Patriotism Week to entire success. locked in heavy jacket for minimum disin- served our Post as its Chaplain and, as The annual welcome to new citizens, on tegration; 4 —Mushrooms to twice caliber the oldest active Legionnaire in the June 7th, opened the program, and dur- at hunting ranges. A .30'06-220 grain bul- Tenth District, he has been the toast ing the week five radio addresses were let expands to more than .60 caliber. 5 at countless District and Department broadcast, twenty-five thousand copies Ballistics same as regular soft point bul- meetings," writes Commander F. I. of the 'Reaffirmation of Citizenship' were lets in comparable weights. "Kleanbore" DeHaven of Lake Bluff (Illinois) Post. distributed, and public meetings and priming, of course. ''He bears his eighty-four years blithely programs were held each day." Made in all popular sizes, they cost no and, until a couple attacks of pneumonia more than ordinary soft point bullets. Order slowed him up a bit, he was a regular H. E. and Shrap your stock now from your dealer. For more attendant at Post meetings. His original information, write Dept. 4-J, Remington reverently spoken following the re- prayer SUFFIELD (Connecticut) Post Arms Co., Inc., Bridgeport, Conn. silent tribute to departed comrades, was cently held a public ceremony dedi- one of the impressive features of the cating a plaque in the high school build- evening. So, when his most recent ating to Dr. William Elry Caldwell, tack of pneumonia kept him from at- honoring a Suffield physician who for tendance his comrades arranged for a more than forty years ministered to the recording of the prayer to be used at its sick of that community. . . . Miss Rose proper place in the service, whether M. Wood, Historian of Elmwood (Illi- Daddy Doyle is present or absent: nois) Post reports that at the conclusion •Kleanbore" is Reg. U.S. Pat . Off.;" Core-Lokt" is of Rvmingion Arms Inc. 'Tread softly, bow the head. In silent of impressive (Continued on page 70) a trade-mark Co.,

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine :

HAPPY RELIEF Old zMan Terrapin's T>erby FROM PAINFUL {Continued from page 69)

Memorial Day exercises this year, the time publications in . . BACKACHE the country. . Many of those gnawing, nagging, painful backaches Ladies Cemetery Association of Elm- Chester Harris, Publitician par excellence people blame on colds or strains are often caused by wood made public presentation of a of Flatlands Post, Brooklyn, New York, tired kidneys — and may be relieved when treated in the right way. burial plot to Elmwood Post. The plot, tells the Step Keeper that his Post, this The kidneys are Nature's chief way of taking excess acids and poisonous waste out of the blood. They help which measures twenty-six by thirty-two year, awarded three hundred and sev- most people pass about 3 pints a day. feet, will be marked with American enty-one medals to school children in its If the 15 niiles of kidney tubes and filters don't well, work poisonous waste matter stays in the blood. Legion markers. . . . Legion glamour girls county, and that fifty-eight speakers These poisons may start nagging backaches, rheu- matic pains, loss of pep and energy, getting up nights, of the month—Misses Grace and Dorothy were sent to the schools to spread Ameri- swelling, puffiness under the eyes, headaches and Alexander, Majorettes of the Junior canism and make the presentations. dizziness. Frequent or scanty passages with smarting and burning sometimes shows there is something Drum and Bugle Corps affiliated with That's just one activity. The Post scrap- wrong with your kidneys or bladder. Don't wait! Ask your druggist for Doan's Pills, Pannill Post, Martinsville, Virginia. (See book for the year, a ninety-five page used successfully by millions for over 40 years. They Keeping Step for December, 1038.) affair, contains 16,542 lines of press give happy relief and will help the 15 miles of kidney tubes flush out poisonous waste from the blood. Get They're smiling at you from the back publicity, thirty-two photographs and Doan's Pills. cover of this number of the Legion fourteen published photos of Post ac-

\\ I "It/, Magazine and from nearly all other big- tivities. . . . Boyd B. Stutler .

T,*eason in the Textbooks AGENTS! Hot Seller! REVOLUTIONARY chemical sponge rleana cars like magic! Banishes acto-washlng (Continued from page 57) drudgery. Cleans linoleum woodwork . windows like a flash! Auto owners. housewives wild about it. Agents making phennmrnnl profits! SAMPLE OFFER—Samples Bent ON TRIAL to first person in each lo- cality who writes No obligation, (jet details. Be ft rut —send your nam* 2. TODAYI THE KRISTEE CO., 344 Bar Street, Akron, Ohio To cast aspersions upon our Con- Did the War for Independence win stitution and our form of government, our liberties? That's not important. The and shape opinions favorable to replac- Teachers' Guide says: "Treat the War WAKE UP YOUR ing them with socialistic control. for Independence essentially as an eco- 3. To condemn the American system nomic struggle between the ruling classes - of private ownership and enterprise, and LIVER of England and the colonies." BILE form opinions favorable to collectivism. The "Frontier Thinkers," intent Without Calomel—And You'll Jump Out 4. To mould opinions against tradi- upon breaking down respect for individual of Bed in the Morning Rarin' to Go tional religious faiths and ideas of moral- effort The liver should pour 2 pints of bile juice into ity, as being parts of an outgrown and initiative, pounce upon the your bowels every day. If this bile is not flowing system. real frontiersmen, who braved wilderness freely, your food may not digest. It may just decay in the bowels. Then gas bloats up your stom- dangers and hardships to expand the ach. You get constipated. You feel sour, sunk and the world looks punk. IT IS unquestionably a major project country. In a chapter on "Culture in the It takes those good, old Carter's Little Liver among un-American forces to mini- Middlewest and Northwest" (page 240) Pills to get these 2 pints of bile flowing freely to make you feel "up and up." Get a package today. mize the heroic characteristics of the we read about the pioneers who headed Take as directed. Amazing in making bile flow free- early American patriots. In Rugg's westward ly. Ask for Carter's Little Liver Pills. 10

headed "Jefferson Also Feared Too Much ity . . . They believed it possible for each Catalog Democracy." The author quotes our individual to achieve any height that his Just Off the Press third President: "The minority must pos- abilities were capable of achieving . . . Showing Hunting Footwear. Cloth- sess their equal rights, which the laws Frontier mothers were wearing them- ing and fifty other leather and can- must protect." Rugg interprets this to selves out in order to educate their boys, vas specialties of mean that Jefferson wanted to protect each believing firmly that her son had a our own manufacture for campers a favored minority, and asks: "Is this a chance to be President." and hunters. Federalist who speaks of the rights of the The matter is well summed up in L. L. Bean, Inc. 273 Main Street small class of propertied men against Great Technology (page 190) in these Freeport Maine the rights of the people?" words: The inference is plain. Propertied men "The educational task before us can

are a "class" and there was a clash be- be grasped more intelligently if we lay tween them and the rights of the people. bare the psychological obstacles in our That idea, repeated through various way. The principal ones are two deep- wordings, stands out as a major note in seated loyalties of the mass of the Ameri-

the chorus. can people . . . The first one we have Ex-Service Men Page 26 of this book begins an explan- called the American Dream. Hardly a Get Preference ation of the demand for a centralized boy has grown up in a Nordic home since form of government as coming from the \\ inthrop started the Great Migration Cet ready immediately. stilish interests of "speculators and to Massachusetts Bay who has not been START $105 to gamblers" in land and public money. energized by the concepts 'Compete and $175 MONTH Patrick Henry, Benjamin Franklin, Al- win success'; 'You are as good as the Railway Postal Clerks—Mail Carriers—Post Of- bert Gallatin and Robert Morris are next man'; 'From log cabin to White fice Clerks at Washington—Many other Posi- tions. Ex-Servicc men usually exempt from age taken for a ride of criticism. House'; 'Any boy can be President' and limits. CUT IIEHE In every book studied, I have found the like." FRANKLIN INSTITUTE, DEPT. H180. ROCHESTER. N. V. that references to George Washington and Contempt for the Constitution, for Rush in mo (ii Full particulars regarding 17, s. Govern- ment jobs, ti»i ;( f rt, c ,. 0py 0 f 32>page book "How to Get the Revolutionary heroes which are de- the men who made it and for the form If. s. Government Jobs." (3i irive pointers regarding preference to Ex-Service men. (4i tell me how to qualify rogatory and critical outnumber those of government it established strikes with for one of these jobs. Name that are laudatory by an average of five constant repetition in sentences and Address to one. paragraphs pillboxed all through the

The AMERICAN LEGION Magazine When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion Magazine —

textbooks of the "Frontier Thinkers." had not been given to the Supreme Court 0 ' 10< WORTH On page 95 of Great Technology is the by the Constitution. Under Marshall, IfcVfl'G'O following: the Supreme Court merely assumed the V of SANI-FLUSH "Nothing about this story of degra- power ..." This last statement is untrue,

dation is clearer than that in any of of course, as the Constitution itself reads: WOULD CLEAN those decades a fairly decent standard "The judicial power shall extend to all OUT THAT of living could have been had by the cases in law and equity arising under the peoples of the expanding West. That it Constitution and the laws of the United RADIATOR/ was not and is not today can be traced States." But the effect of tarring the primarily to the theory and practice of court as an instrument of oppression is government set up by our fathers." accomplished. A studied effort to teach that the In the field of economic reform, Government was founded to favor an modern textbooks score their most direct

"upper class" is apparent. An example of hits. Dr. Counts sets the pace with that may be cited in History of American admonitions to teachers such as these: Government and Culture where (on page "We must insist on two things: F"irst, 141) the making of the Constitution is that technology be released from the discussed: "The merchants, land owners, fetters and the domination of every type manufacturers, shippers and the bankers of special privilege; and second, that the ." were given what they wanted. . No resulting system of production and dis- laudatory comments on the great work of tribution be made to serve directly the the nation-builders can be found. masses of the people. Within these limits,

As is explained on page 40 of Dare the as I see it, our democratic tradition must Schools Build a New Social Order: of necessity evolve and gradually assume ." "Democracy, of course, should not be a collectivistic pattern. . . identified with political forms and func- That some form of collectivism is the tions—with the Federal Constitution, answer to social and economic problems 'ox t bisk unnecessary repair bills the popular election of officials, or the is made crystal clear in many high- due to clogged radiators. Keep water motors run- practice of universal suffrage." school courses today. The building of circulating freely — keep ning cool with Sani-Flush. Cannot Constitutional powers given the courts class consciousness is deliberately pur- — injure motor or fittings. Removes rust, come under frequent raking fire. Here sued. The words "classes . . . masses . . . sludge, scale, sediment. Keeps the are samples: "This, then, is one example privileged groups . . . workers . . . col- delicate veins of a radiator clean. of the way in which the Supreme Court lectivism" and other stock expressions of Do the job yourself in a few min- itself came to favor the interests of communistic writers lurk around every utes for 10c (25c for the largest truck owners of private property." "This corner. On page of Social Frontier for 30 or tractor). Or ask your service sta- power to interpret the laws of Congress (Continued on page November 1935, 72) tion to use Sani-Flush to do the job for you. You'll find Sani-Flush in most bathrooms for cleaning toilet bowls. ARE THESE BOOKS IN YOUR SCHOOLS? Directions are printed on the can. Sold by grocery, drug, hardware, and 5-and- 10c stores. 10c and 25c sizes. The The First Book of the Earth. Harold Social Frontier. George S. Counts, Hygienic Products Co., Canton, Ohio. O. Rugg. Editor—magazine. Nature Peoples. Harold O. Rugg. Modern History. Carl Becker. Communities of Men. Harold O. Rugg. American Observer, Current Events Great Technology. Harold O. Rugg. Paper. Peoples and Countries. Harold O. Rugg. Dare the School Build a New Social Sani-Flush Building of America. Harold O. Rugg. Order. George S. Counts. CLEANS OUT RADIATORS Max at Work: His Industries. Harold Social Foundations of Education. O. Rugg. George S. Counts. Learn Profitable Profession Man at Work: His Arts. Harold O. The Soviet Challenge to America. in QO days at Home Rugg. George S. Counts. of Men nnd Women in the fascinating f Swedish Massage run as high as $4(J Mankind Through the Ages. Harold O. Crvic Education Service. Beard &• Muz- .veek but many prefer to open their o« n iiree incomes from Doctors, liospitah, n Rugg. zey, Editors, Washington, D. C. and private patients come to tl ho qualify through our (mining. R<-du rich rewards fur wvv.A Introducing American Civilization. European Civilization & Politics mm r, Harold O. Rugg. 1815. ErikAchorn. booklet— They're FREE. THE College of Swedish Massage Changing Civilizations in the Boy Girl Tramps of America— Modern & 30 E.Adams St. .Dept. 675. Chicago World. Harold O. Rugg. Tramps of America. Thos. Minehan. History of American Civilization. History of the U. S. Beard and Beard. Harold O. Rugg. America Yesterday & Today. Nichols. History of American Government and The Myth of Rugged Individualism. Be a Culture. Harold O. Rugg. Chas. A. Beard. Ax Introduction to Problems of We the People. Leo Huberman. TMUm Man American Culture. Harold O. Rugg. Leadership in Changing World. Ruth Changing Governments and Changing Wanger, David Hoffman. No Time Like Cultures. Harold O. Rugg. A Call to the Teachers of the Nation. Now to Get In Write for Details III Conouest of America. Harold O. Progressive Education, Social & Economic It's no trick to make Rugg. Problems. good money when you use your car as a McNess*'Store

IV America's March Toward Democ- Conclusions & Recommendations of on Wheels. ' Farmers buy everything they can from McNess Men because UseYour racy (Revised). Harold O. Rugg. the Comm. on Social Studies of the McNess Products are tops in quality, Scholastic, National High School Week- American Historical Assn. Beard, Counts represent extra values. Attractive busi- CAR ness-getting prizes and premiums; also I ly. money-saving deals to customers make to Raise Harold Rugg—Social Studies, Editor. and Xewlon signed "Conclusions." ] selling McNess daily necessities a snap. Civic Le.ader, tabloid for Children Russian Primer*, Translated by George We Supply Capital— Start Now! Your Wash., D. C. S. Counts. There's no better work anywhere. Pays well, permanent, need no experience to PAY The Junior Review, tabloid for children start, and we supply capital to help you get started quick. You begin making money first day. —Wash., D. C. *2oo,ooo copies brought over from Soviet Write at once for McNess Dealer Book. It's FREE. Tells all — no obligation. (107) Weekly News Review, tabloid for chil- Russia and widely distributed in school THE McNESS CO., 886 Adams St.Jreeport, lit. dren—Wash., D. C. libraries.

SEPTEMBER, 1940 When Purchasing Products Please Mention The American Legion M*o\7iN'r —

72 Treason in the Textbooks

{Continued from page 71)

teachers are given this helpful hint: credit. To him all of these interfere with be cited. One author sums up the indict- "Most Americans believe they live in the conversion of energy to the uses of ment against advertising thus: "The

a classless society. The school could man. It is imperative, therefore, to keep whole endeavor of the advertiser is to contribute to the dissipation of that illu- clearly in mind that the scientific student persuade the purchaser to buy whether sion. When that is achieved, America will of the economic system distinguishes he wants to or not." Lowered prices, have achieved considerable headway to- definitely between production for con- employment, and the creation of wealth ward the goal of democratic collectivism. sumption and production for sale for that result from mass buying, itself an "When the ruling class is once dis- private profit." effect of advertising, are ignored. placed, a period of oppression will con- Bankers are put under constant suspi- The attack upon religious and moral tinue to be necessary until gradually the cion with words such as appear on page ideals is subtle but effective. That the citizens honestly come to agree that col- church and organized religion have been lectivism is a better solution of our the enemy of progress is inferred, as in troubles than capitalism." History of American Government and Why should there be so much unem- Culture (page 479): "It was a difficult ployment and economic distress? That task that confronted Mann, Bernard and question is asked and answered dozens many others. They faced indifference on of times in the social science textbooks, the part of the people generally and a such as Rugg's Problems of American great opposition from the church." Culture, always with the one idea upper- Religious leaders are invariably treated most lack of planning. Discussion of as of the privileged class, which follows such planning invariably takes the turn the communist-front ideology perfectly. that it must be strict governmental con- On page 263 of Great Technology: "The trol of individual and group activities. education, therefore, that will be de- There must be control of business, agri- signed from this more adequate under- culture, communications, power, produc- standing will be vastly superior to that tion of goods and so on. of a priesthood or of any other selected Then, to illustrate, the authors turn social class." to what they call "the great social experi- And Dr. Counts contributes this in ment in Russia." On page 596 of Prob- Dare the School Build a New Social lems of American Culture is a discussion "That's my wife's hand your hold- Order: "The growth of science and tech- of the Russian Five-Year Plan, "by ing! —No funny business now!!" nology has carried us into a new age which that vast agricultural nation is where ignorance must be replaced by trying to rebuild itself into an efficient knowledge, competition by cooperation, industrial country ... In fact, every 112 of the last-named book: "The care- trust in Providence by careful planning, aspect of the economic, social and political takers (of money) seeing that the stocks and private capitalism by some form of life of a country of 140,000,000 people is of surplus gold and money in their pos- socialized economy." being carefully planned." session could be lent to others in the Thus the idea that trust in Providence In the scheme of collective control, community for their own profit, did so. is no longer needed, is cultivated. A methods of dividing the wealth are pro- For the use of the money, which was socialized economy can get along without posed. In the textbook Conquest of not theirs, they charged 'interest,' which God. America, we read (page 511): they appropriated themselves." At a time when the very existence of

"What kind of standard of living would Roughest treatment of all is given the our Republic is threatened by totali- each family have had if this $06,000,000,- advertisers of nationally known products. tarian ideology and aggression, the pub- 000 gross income had been divided American advertising supports a free lic schools must be regarded as one of equally? In 1929 there were about 27,- press and a free radio, and it is impossible the major arms of our internal defense. 500,000 families of two or more persons. to study modern textbooks and not real- The close affiliation of dictators to If $96,000,000,000 had been divided ize a concerted attempt is being made achieve their ends has torn the mask off equally among all of them, each could to weaken its power. The finger of suspi- any attempts to make distinction among have had about $3,000 worth of goods cion points toward advertising as an them as to "left" and "right." Each and services to use in its everyday life. economic waste, as dishonest and un- stands as the enemy of representative Thus in 1929 each family could have had trustworthy. In the widely used reference government and of human liberties, and a fairly good standard of living." book Your Money's Worth, by Chase and their collectivism as the bitter foe of the To achieve this division, the "Frontier Schlink, we find: "And who do you sup- democracy under the name of which it Thinkers" are selling our youth the idea pose really pays for the advertising? It is seeks to hide. that private profit should be ruled out. you and your neighbor and every other Let me repeat: Legionnaire families How about merchants? They are "para- consumer. The manufacturer adds his should continue their study of their own sitic middlemen." As Great Technology advertising costs to the price which he home school system. Publishers of text- states it (page 108): "In thinking about charges the wholesaler; the wholesaler books containing subversive matter such human wealth the scientist rules out all adds his advertising costs to the price as has been quoted here, aware of the questions of equal 'rights' of individuals he charges the retailer; the retailer ... to efforts of the Legion's Americanism Com- to take larger-than-?-'erage shares of the the price each of us pays as the ultimate mission, are protesting their anxiety to world's wealth, anc' 11 legal rules of con- consumer. Hence it cannot be denied "revise" any objectionable matter. With their heels, tract relationship . . Furthermore, he that advertising lias increased the cost an aroused public opinion on rules out all economic services of men who both of selling and of buying goods. Per- they'd go farther and would refuse in the do not contribute to the production and haps you may ask then, 'Is advertising future to lend themselves to the insidious " distribution of physical goods for use. necessary?' destruction of American ideals by way of Thus he would do away with all middle- Dozens of such quotations from high- the minds and hearts of American boys men and manipulators of money and school texts and reference books could and girls.

The AMERICAN LEGION' Magazine PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.BYTHECUNEO PRESS, INC. MILLER BREWING COMPANY, MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN .

w ITS THOSE EXTRA MILES PER HOUR THAT COUNT WITH ME says WILBUR SHAW- 3 -Time Winner of the 500-Mile Speed Classic

"AND IT'S THOSE

EXTRAS OF SLOWER

BURNING I LIKE ABOUT CAMEL

SLIPPERY TURNS at 120 miles per motor, the safety glass of your car to- hour! Hub to hub duels at 150! For CIGARETTES'' 500 day had their testing at the hands of blistering, nerve-wracking miles — lab- these daring men. And, three times, oratory equivalent of 50,000 highway Wilbur Shaw (above) has come through driving miles. Yes, it's America's most with the extra degree of mechanical per- thrilling classic of auto speed. It's also fection—the extra daring and extra skill Copyright, 1040. R. J. Reynolds a proving ground of your safer and —that wins. has Tobacco Co., Winston- Salem, N. C. He the "extras". . he more efficient car of tomorrow. For the appreciates the extras ... in cigarettes, aerodynamic design, high -compression too. Wilbur Shaw smokes Camels.

CAMELS BURN EXTRA MILDNESS SLOWER AND GIVE ME THE EXTRA MILDNESS EXTRA COOLNESS AND EXTRA FLAVOR I WANT FOR STEADy SMOKING. FLAVOR CAMELS EVEN GIVE ME EXTRA EXTRA SMOKING In recent laboratory tests, CAMELS burned 25% slower than the average of the 1 5 other of the largest-selling brands tested — slower than any of them. That means, on the average, a smoking plus WITH WILBUR SHAW-with equal to millions of others—the "extras" in slower-burning Camels are the difference between just smoking and 5 EXTRA SMOKES smoking pleasure at its best. Cig- arettes that burn fast, burn hot. And that excess PER PACK! heat destroys flavor. Light up a .t/ott'-burning Camel ...and get the "extras"— even extra smoking (see right).

GET THE "EXTRAS' WITH SLOWER-BURNING CAMELS THE CIGARETTE OF COSTLIER TOBACCOS