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Tasker H. Bliss and the Creation of the Modern American Army, 1853-1930
TASKER H. BLISS AND THE CREATION OF THE MODERN AMERICAN ARMY, 1853-1930 _________________________________________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board __________________________________________________________ in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY __________________________________________________________ by Thomas R. English December 2014 Examining Committee Members: Richard Immerman, Advisory Chair, Temple University, Department of History Gregory J. W. Urwin, Temple University, Department of History Jay Lockenour, Temple University, Department of History Daniel W. Crofts, External Member,The College of New Jersey, Department of History, Emeritus ii © Copyright 2014 By Thomas R. English All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT A commonplace observation among historians describes one or another historical period as a time of “transition” or a particular person as a “transitional figure.” In the history of the United States Army, scholars apply those terms especially to the late- nineteenth century “Old Army.” This categorization has helped create a shelf of biographies of some of the transitional figures of the era. Leonard Wood, John J. Pershing, Robert Lee Bullard, William Harding Carter, Henry Tureman Allen, Nelson Appleton Miles and John McCallister Schofield have all been the subject of excellent scholarly works. Tasker Howard Bliss has remained among the missing in that group, in spite of the important activities that marked his career and the wealth of source materials he left behind. Bliss belongs on that list because, like the others, his career demonstrates the changing nature of the U.S. Army between 1871 and 1917. Bliss served for the most part in administrative positions in the United States and in the American overseas empire. -
JOHN W. DOWNER COLLECTION ACCESSION NUMBER: 399 DONOR: Joseph P
GEORGE C. MARSHJ\LL RESEARCH FOUNDATION COLLECTION SUMt1ARY SHEET COLLECTION: JOHN W. DOWNER COLLECTION ACCESSION NUMBER: 399 DONOR: Joseph P. Downer DATE OF GIFT: 1978 SIZE: 1lf INCLUSIVE DATES: 1908-1943 BIOGRAPHICAL AND SUBJECT SUMMARY: John W. Downer (1881-1977) of Charleston, West Virginia, attended Virginia r·1ilitary Institute, class of 1902, before beginning a long and illustrious military career with the U.S. Army. Commissioned in 1904, Downer served first in the Philippines; during World War I he commanded the battalion which fired the first American Artillery shot in combat. Decorated for heroism by the United States, Belgium and France, Downer returend in 1923 to the United States after serving with the Army of Occupation in Germany in Cob1enz. Additional service included instructor of artillery in New York, commander of Ft. Dix, New Jersey and Camp Upton, New York. Downer retired in 1943. In addition to his military career, Downer was a skilled horseman excelling in polo, flat racing and steeplechase. He rode in the Inter-Allied games in Paris and at the Seventh Olympiad in Antwerp in 1920. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION AND ARRANGEMENT: The bulk of the collection consists of photographs including many of Downer1s military associates such as Fred T. Austin, Robert Lee Bullard, and Lucius Holbrook; Downer and associates playing polo and scenes of Germany and France during World War I. Most of these photographs were taken by the Germans. Also included in the collection are certificates and appointmentS, play programs, and a pamphlet: IIRefutation of the charges made in the Campaign against French Coloured Troops ... 11 The photographs have been removed and are housed separately as have several books pertaining to WWI. -
The Road to Plattsburgh: Progressive-Era Reform, Army Preparedness, and Officer Development
The road to Plattsburgh: Progressive-era reform, army preparedness, and officer development, 1886-1918 By Alex Kenneth Turpin B.A., University of Central Arkansas, 2011 A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS Department of History College of Arts and Sciences KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2021 Approved by: Major Professor Dr. Donald J. Mrozek i Copyright © Alex Turpin 2021. ii Abstract In 1869 General William Tecumseh Sherman was assigned as the Commanding General of the United States Army. During his tenure, Sherman cultivated a period of reform in the post- Civil War Army that was featured by a movement among the officers to professionalize the corps and the founding the Infantry and Cavalry School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas in 1881. Although senior officers in the Army resisted the idea that education was necessary after graduating from West Point, the belief persisted that necessary leadership skills and postgraduate training in military art and science was a viable alternative to learning through experience on the battlefield. This period also featured the emergence of progressive reformers such as Frederick Winslow Taylor, whose work on management reform and reducing work to a science marked a turning point in civilian workplace reform during the Industrial Age. Reformers worked to instill order amid the chaos of the Industrial Age, and this work to increase organization and efficiency was influential on the Army’s reform effort in the years leading to World War I. Elihu Root was assigned as the Secretary of War in 1899. Root was charged with reorganizing the Army following its haphazard mobilization for the Spanish-American War. -
The Progressive Era Origins of the National Security Act
Pace University DigitalCommons@Pace Pace Law Faculty Publications School of Law 1-1-2000 The Progressive Era Origins of the National Security Act Mark R. Shulman Pace Law School Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/lawfaculty Part of the Defense and Security Studies Commons, Law Commons, and the Public Affairs Commons Recommended Citation Shulman, Mark R., "The Progressive Era Origins of the National Security Act" (2000). Pace Law Faculty Publications. 223. https://digitalcommons.pace.edu/lawfaculty/223 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at DigitalCommons@Pace. It has been accepted for inclusion in Pace Law Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@Pace. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Progressive Era Origins of the National Security Act Mark R.Shulman* Perhaps it is a universal truth that the loss of liberty at home is to be charged to provisions against danger; real or pretended, from abroad. -James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, May 1798' I. Introduction to "National Security" The National Security Act of 1947* and its successors drew the blueprint of the Cold War domestic political order. This regime centralized control of the military services-the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, and a newly separate Air Force-in a single executive branch department. It created a new professional organization to collect and analyze foreign intelligence, the Central Intelligence Agency. And at the center of this new national security apparatus, a National Security Council would eventually establish foreign policy by coordinating intelligence and directing military and para-military forces, as well as supervising a National Security Resources Board. -
The American Expeditionary Forces in World War I: the Rock of the Marne. Stephen L
East Tennessee State University Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University Electronic Theses and Dissertations Student Works 5-2008 The American Expeditionary Forces in World War I: The Rock of the Marne. Stephen L. Coode East Tennessee State University Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.etsu.edu/etd Part of the Military History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Coode, Stephen L., "The American Expeditionary Forces in World War I: The Rock of the Marne." (2008). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1908. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1908 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The American Expeditionary Forces in World War I: The Rock of the Marne _________________________ A thesis presented to the faculty of the Department of History East Tennessee State University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts in History _________________________ by Stephen Coode May 2008 _________________________ Committee Chair: Dr. Stephen Fritz Committee Member: Dr. Ronnie Day Committee Member: Dr. Colin Baxter Keywords: World War 1914-1918, American Expeditionary Forces, U.S. Third Infantry Division, Second Battle of The Marne ABSTRACT The American Expeditionary Forces in World War I: The Rock of the Marne by Stephen Coode American participation in the First World War developed slowly throughout 1917 to a mighty torrent during the last six months of the war. -
Thirty-Eighth Annual Reunion of The
THIRTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REUNION OF THE ASSOCIATION f GRADUATES OF THE UNITED STATES MILITARY ACADEMY, AT WEST POINT, NEW YORK, JUNE I3th, I907. SAGINAW, MICH. SEEMANN &PETERS, PRINTERS AND BINDERS. 1907. I Annual Reunion, June 13th, 1907. MINUTES OF THE BUSINESS MEETING. WEST POINT N. Y., June 13, 1907. The business meeting of the Association was held in. Cullum Hall at West Point at 3 p. m., with Colonel S. E. Tillman, pre- siding, in the chair. Prayer by the Rev. Edward S. Travers, Chaplain, U. S. Military Academy. The roll call was dispensed with. The names of the graduates who had died during the past year were read by the Secretary, the members present standing. Prayer by the Chaplain. The members whose names are marked with an asterisk below were present: ROLL OF MEMBERS. I837 1846 WILLIAM T. MARTIN. FRANCIS T. BRYAN. JOSHUA II. BATES. MARCUS D. L. SIMPSON. HENRY A. EHNINGER. JAMES OAKES. 1841 PARMENAS T. TURNLEY. ALEXANDER C. H. DARNE. 1847 HORATIO G. GIBSON. 1842 ALEXANDER P. STEWART. EUGENE E. McLEAN. 1849 JOHN C. MOORE. RUFUS SAXTON. 1843 BEVERLY II. ROBERTSON. SAMUEL G. FRENCH. I850 1844 EUGENE A. CARR. SIMON B. BUCKNER. WILLIAM L. CABELL. 4 ANNUAL REUNION, JUNE 13th, I9o7. 1851 1857 ALEXANDER J. PERRY. JOHN C. PALFREY. JOSEPH G. TILFORD. E. PORTER ALEXANDER. HENRY M. ROBERT. SAMUEL W. FERGUSON. MANNING M. KIMMEL. I852 JAMES VAN VOAST. JAMES W. ROBINSON. JOHN MULLAN. i858 JOHN P. HAWKINS. WILLIAM H. ECHOLS. THOMAS R. TANNATT. ROYAL T. FRANK. ASA B. CAREY. 1853 UVILLIAM H. BELL. WILLIAM P. CRAIGHILL. WILLIAM R. -
The Silver State, and British Were Forced to at Least in Position in Their Jumping-Off American Or Foreign Soil
t STATE THE SILVER^ JOURNAL OF NORTHERN THREE-TIMES-A-WEEK—TUESDAY, THURSDAY, SATURDAY ESTABLISHED 18«9 PIONEER MINING NEVADA Rf PER COPY—$4.00 PER YEAR_WINNEMUCCA, NEVADA, THURSDAY. MAY 29, 1919 _VOLUME ih N*. 118 BATTLE OF GANTIGNT DRESS IIP TONIGHT ADTOS UNO TRUCKS CLOUDBURST CAUSE WILL BEJXHIBITEO ONE YEA^GO TODAY AND GET ARRESTED NEEDED JOMORROW Of DEIMD TRAINS laid Southern Pacific Old-timers besieged the sheriffs (Editor's Note: Sergeant Nevin, Don’t dress up tonight! is the warn- Highest temperature yesterday, 96. Special emphasis is by the eastbound train Lowest this Memorial Day committee upon the No. 2, due In Winnemucca at 1:45 office yesterday to view the relics author of the following article, is a ing sounded by the bosses. Even the morning, 56. fact that automobiles and trucks a.m., arrived at 10:05 this taken from a tin box set in the comer Virginia City young man, now em- soldiers, the guests of honor, at first Mean temperature yesterday, 79. many morning, are needed to women and being the first train in from the west stone of the burned court house when ployed by this paper. It will be re- invited to be present in uniform, are Normal temperature yesterday, 58. transport children to the tomorrow. since last storm. Train No. 20 it was being built. What was left of membered that Nevin was aboard the to attend in the lightest and most hick Precipitation, 1.12 IncheB. cemetery night’s Few have so far notified the followed about minutes the building alter the Are of last year first United States transport arriving clothing obtainable. -
Love-Mad Girl Seeks Man S Life 6Ayn0r Demands
BOOM HAS STARTED i LAST I Now’s the time to take }. £ *; advantage ] \ ^ .! of THE STAR’S » Daily Exchange to;; FDITlON~ » a a 1-4 ^111A X 11 turn you up good bargain, trade j> ^ _* f ONE CENT 1 ONE CENT I -— .— —- ..- "-, -—- ■ ^ __ ESTABLISHED 1832. _NEWARK, N. J.. THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 1908.—14 PAGES._ FAIR AND COLDER TONIGHT; FRIDAY FAIR. WILLIS E. HICKS AND HIS WIFE, THREATENED LOVE-MAD BY LOVE-MAD GIRL. 6AYN0R TWO FLYERS JUMP | I DR. DANIEL ELLIOTT, COUNTY ! ELLIOTT’S I GIRL SEEKS DEMANDS PHYSICIAN, WHO MAY LOSE JOB j JOB HANGS *,_ ! ' i MAN S LIFE RECOUNT New York Central s Twentieth IN BALANCE Centufy Hurls Passengers from Berths at Rochester. Salvation Army Lassie Sixth Warder to Fight Hearing Is Held Today Uses Poison and Iron Weigel for Seat in FLAMES THREATEN FORTY on County Physi- IN PENNSYLVANIA SMASH Bar on Office’:. Freeholders’ Board. can’s Position. Bessemer and Lake Erie Train, OFFICIAL FIGURES SAY IS THE PLACE IN W. E. HICKS APPEALS TO Derailed, Burns as Occu- REPUBLICAN WON OUT POLICE FROM NEMESIS pants Are Saved. COMPETITIVE LIST? _ Contestant Janies R. In Letter Breathing Passion She Engages Following yesterday's tale of railroad Colonel Mullikin, of Civil Service disaster and Believes He Will come reports of two more pas- Threatens to Shoot Him Nugent senger train wreeka today. The New Commission, Hears Oppos* Be Victorious. York Central'* premier flyer, the on ing Arguments. Sight. Twentieth Century Limited, east bound. Jumped the rnlln near Rochester, N. % OF COUNTY early this morning, and near Butler, COMPLEXION a TWO OTHER DOCTORS “YOU DON’T LOVE ME, Fa., heavily laden pnasenger trnln on BOARD WOULD BE SAME the Bessemer and Lake Krle railroad OUT FOR SO j off THE PLUM YOU MUST DIE” piled the tracks while golug at forty ittllea an hour. -
The New-York Historical Society Quarterly Bulletin Vol
THE NEW-YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY QUARTERLY BULLETIN VOL. XVI JULY, 1932 No. 2 SKETCH PORTRAIT OF DEWITT M. LOCKMAN, N.A. NEW YORK: 170 CENTRAL PARK WEST PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY AND ISSUED TO MEMBERS THE NEW-YORK HISTORICAL SOCIETY, 170 CENTRAL PARK WEST (Erected by the Society 1908) Wings to be erected on the 76th and 77th Street corners OFFICERS OF THE SOCIETY For Three Years, ending January 8, 1935 PRESIDENT FOREIGN CORRESPONDING SECRETARY JOHN ABEEL WEEKES ARCHER MILTON HUNTINGTON FIRST VICE-PRESIDENT DOMESTIC CORRESPONDING SECRETARY ROBERT E. DOWLING ERSKINE HEWITT SECOND VICE-PRESIDENT RECORDING SECRETARY ARTHUR H. MASTEN B. W. B. BROWN THIRD VICE-PRESIDENT TREASURER R. HORACE GALLATIN GEORGE A. ZABRISKIE FOURTH VICE-PRESIDENT LIBRARIAN WILLIAM D. MURPHY ALEXANDER J. WALL THE DE WITT M. LOCKMAN GALLERY OF CONTEMPORARY PORTRAITS By ALEXANDER J. WALL It is a pleasure to feature in this number of our Quarterly Bulletin the first article illustrating the gallery of distinguished contemporary people whom Mr. DeWitt M. Lockman, N. A., is painting for the Society, by special arrangement, and about which announcements have been made in our annual reports for the past two years. In addition to its gallery of portraits from the earliest period of portrait painting in New York to modern times, the Society wishes to secure a pictorial record of men and women who have done things worth while in this day and generation. Mr. Lockman, like all good artists, is something of an idealist, but with a mind so practical that he sees at a glance that it is easier to produce a lifelike portrait of a man still alive than to rely on memory to supply the likeness. -
Congressional Rec-Ord-Senate. 53
1898 .. · CONGRESSIONAL REC-ORD-SENATE. 53 ' Jackson, Tenn., in favor of the passage of the so-called anti $25,000 will be required for the publication of these reports, and scalpers' bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com asking favorable consideration by Congress of the same; which merce. was referred to the Committee on Pl·inting, and ordered to be By Mr~ SLAYDEN: Protest of citizens of Gillespie County, printed. Tex., against the annexation of the Philippine Islands-to the LEASE OF PROPERTY UNDER TREASURY DEPA.RTMENT. Committee on Foreign Affairs. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica· By Mr. SMITH of Kentucky: Papers to accompany Honse bill tion from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in compli No. 11017, to restore Jesse Everly to the pension rolls-to the ance with the ad of Congress approved March 3, 1879, certain Committee on Pensions. information relative to the leasing of unoccupied and unproduc By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: Petition of the Chamber of tive property of the United States under his control; which was Commerce of St. Paul and the Board of Trade of Minneapolis, referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be Minn., urging measures to promote the ocean carrying trade in printed. vessels under the American flag-to the Committee on the Mer CONSIDERATION OF PENSION BILLS. chant Marine and Fisheries. Also, petitions of sundry citizens of Stillwater, Minn., for the Mr: GAL.LINGER. Mr. President, I beg leave to make a improvement of tho St. Croix River from Taylors Falls~ Minn., to request. -
Congressional Rec-Ord-Senate. 53
1898 .. · CONGRESSIONAL REC-ORD-SENATE. 53 ' Jackson, Tenn., in favor of the passage of the so-called anti $25,000 will be required for the publication of these reports, and scalpers' bill-to the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Com asking favorable consideration by Congress of the same; which merce. was referred to the Committee on Pl·inting, and ordered to be By Mr~ SLAYDEN: Protest of citizens of Gillespie County, printed. Tex., against the annexation of the Philippine Islands-to the LEASE OF PROPERTY UNDER TREASURY DEPA.RTMENT. Committee on Foreign Affairs. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communica· By Mr. SMITH of Kentucky: Papers to accompany Honse bill tion from the Secretary of the Treasury, transmitting, in compli No. 11017, to restore Jesse Everly to the pension rolls-to the ance with the ad of Congress approved March 3, 1879, certain Committee on Pensions. information relative to the leasing of unoccupied and unproduc By Mr. STEVENS of Minnesota: Petition of the Chamber of tive property of the United States under his control; which was Commerce of St. Paul and the Board of Trade of Minneapolis, referred to the Committee on Appropriations, and ordered to be Minn., urging measures to promote the ocean carrying trade in printed. vessels under the American flag-to the Committee on the Mer CONSIDERATION OF PENSION BILLS. chant Marine and Fisheries. Also, petitions of sundry citizens of Stillwater, Minn., for the Mr: GAL.LINGER. Mr. President, I beg leave to make a improvement of tho St. Croix River from Taylors Falls~ Minn., to request. -
The Armylawyer
THE ARMY LAWYER Lore of the Corps Special Edi on Judge Advocate General’s Corps Professional Bulle n 27-50-18-02 February 2018 Editor, Captain John Cody Barnes Contributing Editor, Lieutenant Colonel Michael P. Harry and Major Jess B. Roberts Legal Editor, Mr. Sean P. Lyons The Army Lawyer (ISSN 0364-1287, USPS 490-330) is published monthly Authors should revise their own writing before submitting it for by The Judge Advocate General’s Legal Center and School, Charlottesville, publication, to ensure both accuracy and readability. The style guidance in Virginia, for the official use of Army lawyers in the performance of their legal paragraph 1-36 of Army Regulation 25-50, Preparing and Managing responsibilities. Correspondence, is extremely helpful. Good writing for The Army Lawyer is concise, organized, and right to the point. It favors short sentences over The opinions expressed by the authors in the articles do not necessarily long and active voice over passive. The proper length of an article for The reflect the view of the Department of Defense, the Department of the Army, Army Lawyer is “long enough to get the information across to the reader, and The Judge Advocate General’s Corps (JAGC), The Judge Advocate General’s not one page longer.” Legal Center and School, or any other governmental or non-governmental agency. Masculine or feminine pronouns appearing in this pamphlet refer to Other useful guidance may be found in Strunk and White, The Elements both genders unless the context indicates another use. of Style, and the Texas Law Review, Manual on Usage & Style.