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IERS Annual Report 2007 International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) Service International de la Rotation de la Terre et des Systèmes de Référence IERS Annual Report 2007 Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie Frankfurt am Main 2009 IERS Annual Report 2007 Edited by Wolfgang R. Dick and Bernd Richter International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service Central Bureau Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie Richard-Strauss-Allee 11 60598 Frankfurt am Main Germany phone: ++49-69-6333-273/261/250 fax: ++49-69-6333-425 e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.iers.org ISSN: 1029-0060 (print version) ISBN: 978-3-89888-917-9 (print version) An online version of this document is available at: http://www.iers.org/AR2007 Druckerei: Bonifatius GmbH, Paderborn © Verlag des Bundesamts für Kartographie und Geodäsie, Frankfurt am Main, 2009 Table of Contents 1 Foreword............................................................................................................................. 5 2 The IERS 2.1 Structure....................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Directing Board........................................................................................................... 11 2.3 Associate Members.................................................................................................... 12 3 Reports of IERS components 3.1 Directing Board............................................................................................................ 13 3.2 Central Bureau............................................................................................................. 27 3.3 Analysis Coordinator................................................................................................... 31 3.4 Technique Centres 3.4.1 International GNSS Service (IGS)..................................................................... 32 3.4.2 International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS).................................................. 38 3.4.3 International VLBI Service (IVS)..................................................................... 50 3.4.4 International DORIS Service (IDS)................................................................. 55 3.5 Product Centres 3.5.1 Earth Orientation Centre................................................................................. 61 3.5.2 Rapid Service/Prediction Centre................................................................... 68 3.5.3 Conventions Centre......................................................................................... 78 3.5.4 ICRS Centre..................................................................................................... 82 3.5.5 ITRS Centre...................................................................................................... 103 3.5.6 Global Geophysical Fluids Centre................................................................. 105 Special Bureau for the Atmosphere............................................................... 105 Special Bureau for the Oceans...................................................................... 107 Special Bureau for Tides................................................................................ 110 Special Bureau for Hydrology......................................................................... 111 Special Bureau for Mantle.............................................................................. 114 Special Bureau for the Core........................................................................... 122 Special Bureau for Gravity/Geocenter........................................................... 123 Special Bureau for Loading............................................................................ 123 Table of Contents 3.6 Combination Centres 3.6.1 ITRS Combination Centres 3.6.1.1 Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI)................... 124 3.6.1.2 Institut Géographique National (IGN).............................................. 130 3.6.2 Combination Research Centres 3.6.2.1 Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI) – Centro di Geodesia Spaziale.......................................................... 133 3.6.2.2 Astronomical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, and Department of Geodesy, Czech Technical University, Prague......................................... 138 3.6.2.3 Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut (DGFI)................... 139 3.6.2.4 Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI)................................................. 142 3.6.2.5 Institute of Geodesy and Geoinformation of the University of Bonn (IGGB)............................................................... 145 3.6.2.6 GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam (GFZ)..................................... 147 3.6.2.7 Groupe de Recherches de Géodésie Spatiale (GRGS)............. 152 3.6.2.8 Institut Géographique National (IGN)............................................. 161 3.6.2.9 Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)..................................................... 164 3.7 IERS Working Groups 3.7.1 Working Group on Site Survey and Co-location................................................ 167 3.7.2 Working Group on Combination.................................................................... 170 3.7.3 Working Group on Prediction......................................................................... 174 3.7.4 IERS/IVS Working Group for the Second Realization of the ICRF............. 177 4 IERS Workshops 4.1 IERS Workshop on Conventions............................................................................... 179 4.2 GGOS Unified Analysis Workshop........................................................................... 195 Appendices 1 Terms of Reference.......................................................................................................... 197 2 Contact addresses of the IERS Directing Board.................................................. 203 3 Contact addresses of the IERS components....................................................... 207 4 Electronic access to IERS products, publications and components.................... 213 5 Acronyms............................................................................................................. 216 4 IERS Annual Report 2007 1 Foreword 1 Foreword The IERS Annual Report for 2007 shows the difficult balance be- tween continuity and change that is necessary for the IERS to continue to meet its responsibilities. The EOP data embodied in the IERS now goes back more than a century but to make such data accessible in the current network-connected world requires further machine-readable metadata, as is being done by the IERS Central Bureau for all IERS products. A careful description of mod- els given in the IERS Conventions is essential for proper analysis and interpretation but models must be continually refined and ex- tended to encourage and to use better observations from the Tech- nique Centers. The IERS Workshop on Conventions provided a fo- rum and direction on how to move forward. The Earth Orientation Centre developed a strategy for maintaining consistency of EOP 05 C4 and ITRF 2005 while the Rapid Service / Prediction Centre up- dated the system of Bulletin A to be consistent with EOP 05 C04. Having released ITRF 2005 the ITRS Centre provided users access through its web site while the ICRS Centre along with the IERS/IVS Working Group for the Second Realization of the ICRF began analy- sis expected to culminate in the adoption of a new ICRF by the IAU in 2009. The Technique Centers all worked at improving their operations and analysis. Significant events included a transition of Analysis Coordinator and the beginning of uniform reprocessing by the IGS, the start of “daily” EOP products by the ILRS, the first test fringes with the VLBI 2010 system by the IVS, and a 40% improvement in data latency in the IDS. In the broader perspective the activities of the IERS in 2007 should be seen as prelude and preparation for major efforts toward updat- ing the ITRF and ICRF leading eventually to greater integration of analysis of IERS products. This goal demands considerably more work on consistent modeling, parameterization, and combination. Chopo Ma Chair, IERS Directing Board IERS Annual Report 2007 5 2 The IERS 2 The IERS 2.1 Structure From 2007 to 2009, the IERS had the following components. For their functions see the Terms of Reference (Appendix 1), for ad- dresses and electronic access see Appendices 3 and 4. Dates are given for changes between 2007 and 2009. Analysis Coordinator Markus Rothacher Central Bureau Director: Bernd Richter Technique Centres International GNSS Service (IGS) IGS Representatives to the IERS Directing Board: Gerd Gendt (until 31 December 2007), Angelyn W. Moore (until January 2008), Jim Ray (from 1 January to 31 December 2008), Steven Fisher (since 1 January 2009) IERS Representative to the IGS Governing Board: Claude Boucher International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) ILRS Representatives to the IERS Directing Board: Jürgen Müller, Erricos C. Pavlis IERS Representative to the ILRS Directing Board: Bob E. Schutz International VLBI Service (IVS) IVS Representatives to the IERS Directing Board: Chopo Ma, Axel Nothnagel (until 30 April 2009), Rüdiger Haas (since 1 May 2009) IERS Representative to the IVS Directing Board: Chopo Ma International DORIS Service (IDS) IDS representatives to the IERS: Hervé Fagard (until June 2009), Frank G. Lemoine IERS Representative to the
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