The SEP A 2015 AFRIC eJOURNAL The monthly newsletter of The Corporate Council on Africa

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE The mission of the Corporate Council on Africa is to increase trade and investment between the U.S. and the countries of Africa. It has been and will continue to be a challenging mission in the immediate future. Putting aside the intricacies and Stephen Hayes inconsistencies in how trade is measured, what is relevant to our members is whether they are in fact increasing their opportunities to do business in Africa. The L-R: CCA President and CEO, Stephen Hayes, Amb. Adebowale Adefuye, and fact is that the larger companies are better CCA Vice President, Amb. Robert Perry at the U.S.-Africa Leaders’ Summit in August 2014 equipped to do business in Africa than are smaller companies. To do business in TRIBUTE TO AMB ADEBOWALE ADEFUYE, Africa requires patience, staying power and sufficient financial resources necessary for AMBASSADOR OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC long-term investments. While return on investments may be higher than in many OF NIGERIA TO THE UNITED STATES countries in the world outside of Africa, the time to see those returns can also be quite We offer our condolences to Mrs. Catherine of the Nigerian opportunities. The ebullient long. The greater your financial resources Adefuye and family on the sudden passing personality and confidence in his mission the more likely you are to see a return on on August 27, 2015 of our friend and won the support of Nigerian compatriots your investment. colleague Ambassador Adebowale Adefuye. and American partners. I have fond He came to the United States in 2010 memories of many visits in his office when Over the years I have seen hundreds with a mission to strengthen and deepen he would recount the requests of Ministers of small businesses come to us seeking the relationship between Nigeria and the in Abuja, the challenges presented by assistance for their ideas in Africa. I always United States in many arenas. He quickly American stakeholders, and his plans for ask such businesses the same question: engaged The Corporate Council on Africa win-win solutions that we implemented. “Are you prepared to be involved with as the key American partner to promote In those sessions, he told tales about his us for several years ?” I ask that question increased trade and investment between visits to cities across America meeting with not because I am seeking their money the United States and Nigeria, and our Nigerian diaspora groups, and American for several years, but because in most relationship blossomed, as we worked business and cultural groups to tell cases it will be several years before they together toward a common goal. Nigeria’s real story. I enjoyed dinners at his see a return on investment. They must be residence with diverse guests, and meeting prepared for a longer term engagement in My friendship and respect for him grew most cases. as we envisioned and planned investment his children when they visited in 2014. He conferences to raise the Nigerian profile was the most effective Nigerian ambassador To do business in Africa, as in many other with the American business community, that I have known in representing Nigeria’s places around the world, you need to and the trade missions to enable American interests and building common ground with find reliable partners on the ground. The business representatives to “kick the tires” Americans. private sector in Africa is growing but is Continued on next page... still relatively small when it comes to the ability to do business internationally. An American small business is still larger than its counterparts in Africa. It takes time to find the right partner and in the right business environment. I know of no better

Continued on page 7... CCA HOSTS TRIBUTE TO AMB ADEBOWALE ADEFUYE ...continued from front page. THREE PRIVATE My lasting memories of him will be his smile, positive attitude, integrity, professionalism and ability to touch everyone he encountered. Ambassador Adefuye has been a model for me in diplomacy and cultural bridge building. He spoke with clarity on his SECTOR FORUMS positions, while empathizing with the views of others in a spirit of mutual respect. Ade is a friend that I will remember and miss, and feel blessed by knowing him. My PRESENTING deepest sympathies to his wife and family. PRIVATE SECTOR Ambassador Robert C. Perry (ret.) RECOMMENDATIONS Vice President, The Corporate Council on Africa AT AGOA The 14th African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Forum was held in Libreville, Gabon from August 24-26, 2015. This was the first AGOA Forum to be held in a central African country. CCA organized and moderated three private sector forum discussions. The first panel session looked at the AGOA legislation itself, and its focus on unilateral trade preferences. The panel also took a deeper dive into what has occurred on the continent since the inception of AGOA with respect to trade and investment from the private sector’s perspective. The second panel focused on wider trade opportunities (beyond individual country investment and trade deals) offered by the Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) and the COMESA- EAC-SADC Tripartite Free Trade Area, with a focus on economic leadership and regulatory reform across different aspects of the market, including trade facilitation, goods and services. The third panel focused their discussion on the challenges of AGOA beyond the legislation as viewed from the private sector perspective. All three panels had senior-level representation from the U.S. and African private sectors and government officials.

Amb. Adefuye speaking during the U.S.-Africa Leaders’ Summit in August 2014

U.S. Trade Representative Ambassador Michael Froman addresses the AGOA Forum.

At the conclusion of the three private sector panel discussions, CCA moderated a discussion among U.S. and African private sector participants to provide recommendations to improve the implementation of AGOA’s trade and investment goals.

The Africa e Journal 2 CONTINENTAL FREE TRADE AREA: CELEBRATING BOOSTING INTRA-AFRICA TRADE SOUTH AFRICAN AND FOSTERING REGIONAL INTEGRATION AIRWAYS’ DIRECT FLIGHT FROM DC TO ACCRA

The African Union Assembly launches the Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA) negotiations June 17, 2015 in Johannesburg, .

On Monday, August 24, CCA, with the and services. Issues may arise from some assistance of the International Visitor sectors that are strategic for only some Leadership Program (IVLP), hosted a specific countries. The negotiations are On Wednesday, August 5, CCA hosted delegation from the African Union to based on three principal pillars: marketing, a breakfast to celebrate South African discuss planning for the Continental Free infrastructure and integration. However, Airways’ direct flight linking Washington, Trade Area (CFTA) pact. The delegation was infrastructure has been considered the D.C. to Accra. Stephen Hayes, president composed of 10 African economist trade primary focus. Other negotiations are going and CEO of CCA welcomed the attendees officials from Central Africa Republic, Cote slowly. Another challenge may concern and reminded them of the organization’s d’lvoire, , Malawi, Morocco, Nigeria, funding, as more research and technical long partnership with South African Airways and Zimbabwe. support may be needed. and the Republic of Ghana. He cited this new flight as a tangible example of CCA Regarding the strengthening of a more members’ successes in Africa that included efficient administrative framework across an added benefit for the country. Mr. Hayes borders and addressing customs issues, concluded by stating that this flight will Christian Sambia, representative of Central increase business between the U.S. and Africa Republic, Tax and Customs Expert, West Africa in general, and the Republic of Economic Community of Central African Ghana in particular. States, noted that The World Customs Organization’s Mercator Programme revised Following Mr. Hayes’ welcome remarks, the Kyoto Convention on the simplification Marc Cavaliere, senior vice president, and harmonization of Customs procedures, Americas, at South African Airways which includes a full range of trade renewed his gratitude to the Republic of facilitation measures that form the basis for Ghana and its authorities present at the modern customs operations, which were breakfast for helping make this flight a taken into consideration in the negotiations. reality. He also noted how this direct route The program ensures connectivity at could help increase trades between Ghana with an emphasis on the cargo business. CCA members and AU delegation discussing CFTA borders, along international trade supply chains in order to provide a consolidated Charles Kwame Asare, managing director, Babajide Olumide Sodipo, representative platform for advancing the smooth flow of Ghana Airports Company Limited of Nigeria, Regional Trade Advisor, African goods being traded around the world. commended South African Airways for Union Commission opened the discussion partnering with Ghana and explained that by introducing CFTA as a decision adopted this will reinforce his institution’s drive to by the Assembly of Heads of State and diversify its sources of funding to improve Government of the African Union in 2012. the infrastructure in Ghana. Negotiations for CFTA were launched during the 25th African Union Summit An impressive delegation from Ghana in South Africa in June 2015, with a goal composed of high-level government to complete them by 2017. CFTA would officials was in attendance, including link the economies of 54 countries with senior representatives from the aviation a combined population of more than one sector, the Ghanaian Embassy, and private billion people and a combined GDP of sector businesses, led by Hon. Dzifa Aku more than $3.4 trillion. Attivor, Minister of Transport. The South African Airways delegation was led by Mr. Rashid Kibowa, representative of Uganda, Cavaliere. Director of Trade, East African Community Secretariat, pointed out some challenges and lessons learned from NAFTA and CCA Vice President, Robert Perry and CAFTA. So far, the negotiations are in Central African Republic Tax and Customs Expert, their first phase, which focuses on goods Christian Sambia

3 The Africa e Journal Joseph Kabila USAID SEEKS President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo PARTNERSHIPS TO REBUILD ECONOMIES OF EBOLA-HIT COUNTRIES

On August 11, CCA hosted Denise Rollins and Sarah Glass of USAID for a briefing on their call to partnership for projects in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia. Ms. Rollins, the Senior Coordinator of the Africa Ebola Unit at USAID, explained Denise Rollins the structure of the USAID Ebola Response, which includes THE STATE OF AFFAIRS IN THE DRC both control of the outbreak as well as recovery from second-order impacts such as improving food security, health systems, On Thursday, July 30, The CCA’s the citizens’ involvement and contact and local economies. Democratic Republic of Congo Working with their local government. Though Group hosted a roundtable discussion local and provincial elections are set for Ms. Glass, the U.S. with Honorable James Swan, U.S. October 2015, the election commission Global Development Ambassador to the Democratic Republic states that it will not carry out new voter Lab Ebola senior of Congo. The DRC had one of the fastest registration, meaning about 8 to 10 million coordinator at growing economies in 2014, with a 9 voters, who turned 18 after 2011, will USAID, delved into percent growth rate, stable inflation and be disenfranchised. Finally, President the details of the call exchange rates. The government is currently Kabila’s call for a national dialogue with to partnership. USAID partnering with an international consulting civil society to discuss issues such as does not have specific firm to develop region-specific investment grievances with the 2011 election was not projects or tenders in packages. well received, as civil society requested mind. Rather, they are that the dialogue be held with the election looking to co-invest Security in the Eastern DRC region was the first thing addressed. It was revealed that commission, putting in question their in projects with the confidence in the President. private sector at a 1:1 foreign-armed groups are still operating Sarah Glass ratio or a 1:5 ratio, in the region, including the Democratic if the private sector’s contribution includes Forces for the Liberation (FDLR) from debt or equity. This means that for projects Rwanda, the Allied Democratic Forces between $250,000 and $2 million, USAID from Uganda and the National Forces on would invest one dollar for every dollar Liberation (FNL) from Burundi. In addition, the company invested, or one dollar for the UN Organization Stabilization Mission every five dollars if the project involves the in the Democratic Republic of Congo company investing equity. (MONUSCO) have had their presence reinforced. It was noted that it is the ideal The agency is particularly interested in time to engage rebel groups because in projects involving food security, off-grid 2013, the DRC signed onto the regional power, education or job training, or health agreement called the “Great Lakes systems strengthening. Co-investment Regions: Peace, Security and Cooperation projects may involve new initiatives, or Framework” in Addis Ababa. additions to existing projects. For example, USAID would potentially co-invest in On the issues of the DRC’s political Amb. Swan with Mandela Washington Fellows from environment and election preparation, it the DRC. L-R: Jean Feliz Mwema Ngandu, Amb. the workforce development portion of an Swan and Dr. Orphee Tamba existing infrastructure project. was reiterated that the constitution only allowed President Kabila to serve two Photo by Dr. Jean Bailey Because it is not a procurement process, terms; however there is some uncertainty USAID expects to have lengthy co-creation around democratic elections happening The roundtable also highlighted the U.S. conversations with companies in advance by the end of 2016 because the President’s government’s priorities in the DRC and of a partnership agreement. Short project intentions are unclear. There are worries diplomatic relations with the country. proposals are due October 15, 2015. of a potential situation where President Thomas Perriello, the new special envoy Kabila’s term will be extended past 2016 to the Great Lakes Region of Africa has USAID hopes to use these funds to jump- been appointed early July 2015. Assistant start the economies in Guinea, Sierra Leone due to external pressure with no formal electoral process. So far, suggestions to Secretary of U.S. Department of State for and Liberia, while their other programs Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, continue to combat the virus’ spread. If lengthen term have not received support, even from the ruling party. Tom Malinowski, visited the DRC and your company is interested in learning Congo from June 1-4, 2015. On April 2, more about this program, please contact The electoral commission released a President Obama called President Kabila Chason Smith at [email protected] and comprehensive election calendar in March to emphasize the importance of holding copy [email protected]. 2015, as a sign that the 2016 elections will presidential elections on time, with respect go on unhindered. Other election delays to the constitution and to keep political could come from the move to further divide environment receptive to opposition parties the 11current provinces into 26 to increase and to take advantage of MONUSCO.

The Africa e Journal 4 CCA TRADE WORKING GROUP UPDATE On July 16, private with the African Union (February 2016), sector stakeholders and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce East came together with Africa Business Conference (2016). CCA BOARD representatives from “We need to be sure we continue to the U.S. Government coordinate and build momentum” leading at CCA for the Trade up to the 10th World Trade Organization OF DIRECTORS Working Group’s (WTO) Ministerial Conference in July meeting. Randy Broiles in December, Kuhlmann added, which led ExxonMobil Production Company Assistant Secretary to a constructive discussion on coordinated of Commerce for Carolyn Campbell efforts to encourage and support African Emerging Capital Partners Global Markets, Arun governments as they work through domestic Kumar provided a processes towards regulatory reform and Antony Cook readout of a recent Microsoft Arun Kumar ratification of the WTO Trade Facilitation trade mission to Agreement. Representatives from Visa, IBM, Aliko Dangote and discussed ongoing efforts by the the Global Cold Chain Alliance, and FedEx Dangote Group U.S. government to boost U.S. trade and discussed ongoing efforts to support trade Michael Dignam, Chairman Emeritus investment in , noting that the facilitation in the East African Community The Corporate Council on Africa narrative should change to emphasize all (EAC), marking substantial progress under Joe Edge the United States is doing, and has been the Commercial Dialogue of the U.S.-EAC doing, in Africa. Star Building Systems Trade and Investment Partnership, the Tony O. Elumelu The conversation focused on concrete flagstone of Trade Africa and a focus of the Heirs Holdings Limited ways trade and investment opportunities Trade Working Group. could be expanded in sub-Saharan Africa. Stephen Hayes Last year, the CCA Trade Working Group The Corporate Council on Africa Katrin Kuhlmann, chair of the CCA Trade jointly developed a set of trade facilitation Working Group, remarked, “This is an Paul Hinks priorities for East Africa with the East Symbion Power exciting year for trade,” and stressed that African Business Council (EABC), which “there are important events each month were presented at the 2014 U.S.-Africa Jay Ireland throughout the remainder of the year that Leaders Summit and met with positive General Electric present tangible opportunities for advancing response from government counterparts. Jay Johnson the U.S.-African trade relationship.” Now CCA is working to advance the Chevron Corporation These include the recent AGOA Forum implementation of these priorities, which Jude Kearney (August) and private sector commitments are linked to a number of other initiatives, Greenberg Traurig LLP for trainings on trade facilitation, as well including the Commercial Dialogue and as the launch of the U.S. Department of William Killeen U.S.-EAC Trade and Investment Partnership, ACROW Bridge Commerce Investor Roadshow on the the President’s Advisory Council on margins of the United Nations General Dan P. Kravets Doing Business in Africa (PAC-DBIA), the Freeport-McMoRan Assembly meetings (September); a cold WTO Agreement on Trade Facilitation, chain initiative in Nairobi, Kenya (October); and the next phase of AGOA following Gachao Kiuna the first Africa-hosted WTO Ministerial reauthorization of the program through TransCentury Limited (December); the CCA U.S.-Africa Business 2025. Philip de Leon Summit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia co-hosted AGCO Corporation Jabu Mabuza Telkom Tom McDonald BakerHostetler David Picard Caterpillar Bobby Pittman Kupanda Capital Tarek Rabah AstraZeneca Raymond Rawlins The Corporate Council on Africa Gilberto Rodrigues Mota-Engil Africa João Miguel Santos The Boeing Company Michael Spivey Walmart Jeffrey L. Sturchio Rabin Martin Stanislav (Standa) Vecera Procter & Gamble Gilles de Vignemont PricewaterhouseCoopers Earl Young Boulle Mining Group

5 The Africa e Journal CCA MEMBER PROFILES

communities. AKL seeks to unlock human and include port, power, crude oil export, and economic potential and provide local transportation and positive social impact wealth building opportunities to drive solutions, unlocking and enabling more sustainability. As both a Kenyan company than $1 trillion in new growth across East and founding member of the U.S. Power and Central Africa. Africa Initiative, AKL is fully committed AKL’s vision is an empowered, self- to developing projects that bring together Founded in 2007 and headquartered sustainable, and united East and the shared vision of both Kenya and the Central African community within in Nairobi, Aeolus Kenya Ltd (AKL) is a United States. world-class social impact energy and which innovation thrives and new infrastructure developer. AKL leads private AKL is pursuing the development of global standards are set. AKL’s mission sector initiatives with the aim to develop, an Access East Africa Trade Corridor. is to develop integrated world-class finance, construct and operate critical Its proposed solution begins with infrastructure that drives economic growth infrastructure in Kenya and the East and a Masterplan for Lamu County and and unlocks human potential in a holistic Central African markets. continues along the Lamu-Port-South- way, while protecting and nurturing Sudan-Ethiopia-Trade-Corridor (LAPSSET). cultural diversity and the environment. Together with its global consortium of This program of integrated, mutually commercial partners, AKL identifies For more information visit reinforcing infrastructure projects will www.aeoluskenya.com. and targets infrastructure requirements open a region of at least nine countries, while listening to the needs of local

70,000 tons of copper was produced. The project offers a vital source of revenue for regional and national development. TFM’s cumulative investment in the project is approximately $3 billion and Freeport-McMoRan Inc. (FCX) is a Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). is one of the largest private investments premier U.S.-based natural resources Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM), an in the country’s history. TFM currently company. FCX operates large, long- affiliate of FCX, is one of the largest copper provides employment for a total of 8,400 lived, geographically diverse assets with producers in the DRC and the world’s workers, including contractors. Since the significant proven and probable reserves premier cobalt producer. TFM’s operations project’s inception in 2006 through 2Q of copper, gold, molybdenum, cobalt, oil were designed and constructed using 2015, tax payments, transfer bonuses, and natural gas. FCX is the world’s largest leading-edge technology and following asset payments, community development publically traded copper producer, the international best practice standards for spending, and social community world’s largest producer of molybdenum environmental management, occupational contributions represent a sum of more and a significant gold, oil and natural gas safety and social responsibility. than $1.5 billion in TFM financial and producer. In July 2015, TFM reached the milestone community development contributions to FCX’s Africa mining operations consist of the millionth ton of copper produced, the DRC. of the Tenke Fungurume copper and achieved in just six years from the initial For more information visit fcx.com. cobalt minerals district in southeastern year of operation in 2009, when roughly

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The Africa e Journal 6 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE ...continued from front page. organization than the Corporate Council are successful and business develops. on Africa to help companies find partners However, African nations are demanding of scale in Africa, but no matter how more and more that international successful we may be, this takes time. It companies use local sub-contractors. Too TRANSITIONS takes time to prepare for international travel often the capacity and training is lacking CCA welcomes new members Crowe and it takes time to build relationships of in indigenous companies to be able to Horwath (Mur) Co.; and Toucan Aviation. trust required for successful business. In supply larger investors. This has become my experience, more than many areas of an important issue for major investors as the world, the personal relationship is of well. What it does mean though, is that primary importance. You don’t build that there is a business opportunity for capacity relationship in one visit. Each visit requires building throughout Africa in nearly further money and time, so we tell small every sector of the economy. Training is RECENT EVENTS businesses especially that you must be essential everywhere in Africa, and it does 7/30: CCA’s DRC Working Group presents prepared for a long-term engagement. represent a creative approach for small “The State of Affairs in the DRC” with guest Otherwise you are wasting valuable businesses who want to link up with larger speaker James Swan, U.S. Ambassador to finances and time. U.S. companies as well as to do business The Democratic Republic of Congo Of course, some small businesses join in Africa more easily. Economic policy CCA to meet larger companies in the should be more directed to how we use our 8/5: CCA and South African Airways present hope that they can develop business as training resources to supplement investment “Celebrating South African Airways’ New sub-contractors. This is important and in Africa. It helps Africa and it will help the Direct Flight from Washington, D.C. to reduces time and worry if the contacts U.S. economy. Accra” 8/11: CCA presents “USAID’s Call to Partnership for Investment in Guinea, Sierra Leone, and Liberia” with guest speakers Denise Rollins, ‎Senior Coordinator, Africa Ebola Unit, USAID and Sarah Glass, U.S. Global Development Lab Ebola Senior Coordinator, USAID 8/24: CCA and the International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) host a delegation from the African Union on the planning for Africa’s Continental Free Trade (CFTA) 8/24-26: CCA Hosts Private Sector Forums at the 14th African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA) Forum in Libreville, Gabon

ABOUT US The Corporate Council on Africa (CCA) is a nonprofit, banner_ad:Banner_ad_africa 1/10/12 1:08 PM Page 1 membership- based organization established in 1993 to promote business and investment NOW ISTHETIMETO between the United States and the nations of Africa. CCA INVEST IN AFRICA is the premier American organization devoted to U.S.-Africa business “Global executives and investors cannot relations and includes as members more than 185 companies, which afford to ignore the continent’s immense represent nearly 85 percent of total U.S. potential. Today the rate of return on private sector investments in Africa. CCA’s members range from America’s foreign investment in Africa is higher smallest to largest corporations. They represent a diverse pool of industries than any other developing region.” from Africa’s most promising sectors, including agribusiness, capacity — McKinsey Global Institute building, energy, finance, health, ICT, infrastructure and security.

7 The Africa e Journal MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATE COUNCIL ON AFRICA ABB, Inc. Emerging Capital Partners Microsoft Corporation ACDI/VOCA Endeavor Energy Holdings, LLC Minority Business Development Agency Acrow Bridge Engility Corporation Mota-Engil Africa Adepetun Caxton-Martins Agbor & Segun ERHC Energy, Inc. NBA South Africa Basketball AECOM ERM Noble Energy, Inc. Aeolus Kenya Limited Essex Construction One Thousand & One Voices Africa Atlantic Ethiopian Airlines Pan African Capital Group Africa Business Portal Exchange Data International Petrolin Group Africa Confidential ExxonMobil Corporation Philip Morris International Africa Continental Holdings Fayus, Inc. Phillips Consulting Limited Afro Tourism West Africa Limited FELTT Pioneer Energy AGCO Corporation FMR Consulting, Inc. Platinum GlobalRE Albright Stonebridge Group Ford Motor Company Polsinelli, PC AllAfrica Global Media Freeport-McMoRan PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP Alphabet Energy Freshfields Bruckhaus Deringer US, LLP Procter & Gamble Alpine Investments Fyodor Biotechnologies Corporation Project HOPE Amarante UK Ltd. General Electric Company R.S Logistical Solutions American Cancer Society GeoPoll Rabin Martin Anadarko Petroleum Corporation Global Business School Network Shell Oil Company Ascot Company Global Spectrum Energy Services, Ltd. SkyPower Services ULC Asoko Insight GoodWorks International SOC Association of Equipment Manufacturers GrainPro, Inc. South African Airways AstraZeneca GreenbergTraurig, LLP Southern Star Shipping Company Baker Hostetler, LLP Groupe Jeune Afrique Standard Bank of South Africa Bechtel Ltd. Hart Security Star Building Systems Black & Veatch Heirs Holdings Sunrock Institute Boulle Mining Group Hess Corporation Symbion Power Business Books International Humana People to People Telkom SA CAMAC International IBM The Africa-America Institute Caterpillar, Inc. Inchcape Shipping Services The Boeing Company Chevron Corporation Index Brook Limited The Bridges Institute Citi Initiative for Global Development The Coca-Cola Company CNFA Inspired Interfaces The Whitaker Group Cohen & Woods International International Conservation Caucus Foundation Toucan Aviation Colgate-Palmolive International Green Structures TransCentury Computer Frontiers Investment Climate Facility for Africa TSM Corporation Consolidated Contractors Company IREX TUSKON ContourGlobal Iroko Pharmaceuticals, LLC U.S. Africa Development Foundation Covington & Burling, LLP Jefferson Waterman International U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention Crowe Horwath JHPIEGO United Africa Group CTG Global Khafra Engineering Consultants United Bank for Africa DAI Kosmos Energy Varian Medical Systems Dangote Group KRL International LLC VeraDaniel & Company Delphos International Kupanda Capital Visa, Inc. Dentons US LLP Law Offices of Kenneth G. Hurwitz Vital Capital Fund Development Finance International Lazare Kaplan International, Inc. Walmart DLA Piper, LLP MacLean Power Systems World Cocoa Foundation DLR Group Manchester Trade Yazmi USA, LLC EAI Information Systems Marathon Oil Company Zenith Bank Edelman McLarty Associates Zephyr Management EleQtra Medtronic, Inc. Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation Michael Baker International *List as of September 2015

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