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Compliance Code Noise

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Compliance Code Noise Compliance code Noise Edition 2 December 2019 Contents Preface 2 Part 1 – Introduction 3 Purpose 3 Scope 3 Application 3 Background 4 Who has duties? 5 The risk management process 7 Consultation 7 Information, instruction, training and supervision 8 Part 2 – Duties of designers, manufacturers, suppliers and installers of plant 10 Designers of plant 10 Designers of buildings and structures 10 Sound insulating separate rooms 11 Manufacturers of plant 11 Suppliers of Plant 12 Installers of Plant 12 Part 3 – Duties of employers 13 Part 3.1 – Hazard identification – exposure standard 13 Noise exposure standard 13 How long can people be exposed to noise before the exposure standard is exceeded? 15 Part 3.2 – Determining exposure to noise 16 When is a noise determination required? 16 Who can perform a noise determination? 17 How should a noise determination be done? 17 Extended work shifts 18 Representative determinations 18 Spot noise measurements 18 Noise contour maps 19 Record of determination 19 Part 3.3 – Risk control 20 Eliminating the source of the noise 22 Reducing exposure to noise 22 Substituting quieter plant or processes 22 Engineering controls 22 Written record of control 23 Maintenance of plant and equipment 23 Administrative controls 23 Provision of hearing protectors 24 Selecting hearing protectors 24 Maintenance of hearing protectors 25 Hearing protector signs and labels 25 Maintaining risk controls 26 Review and revision of risk controls 26 Part 3.4 – Audiometric testing and audiological examinations 27 Audiometric testing 27 Conducting audiometric testing 27 Audiological examinations 28 Record keeping 28 Appendix A – The compliance framework 29 Appendix B – Noise hazard identification checklist 30 Appendix C – Ready reckoner 31 Appendix D – ‘Select Quiet’ guide for selecting quieter equipment 36 Appendix E – Engineering control measures 40 Appendix F – Further information – standards referenced 43 Appendix G – Checklist – Noise determination report 44 WorkSafe Victoria is a trading name of the Victorian WorkCover Authority. © WorkSafe Victoria The information contained in this publication is protected by copyright. WorkSafe Victoria hereby grants a non-exclusive licence in this publication to the recipient on the condition that it is not disseminated for profit. WorkSafe Victoria encourages the free transfer, copying and printing of the information in this publication if such activities support the purpose and intent for which the publication was developed. Preface This compliance code (Code) provides practical Failure to observe the Code may be used as guidance for those who have duties or obligations evidence in proceedings for an offence under the in relation to noise under the Occupational OHS Act or OHS Regulations. However, a duty Health and Safety Act 2004 (OHS Act) and holder will not fail to meet their legal duty simply Occupational Health and Safety Regulations 2017 because they have not followed the Code. (OHS Regulations). A WorkSafe inspector may cite the Code in a The Code was developed by WorkSafe Victoria direction or condition in an improvement notice (WorkSafe). Representatives of employers and or prohibition notice as a means of achieving employees were consulted during its preparation. compliance. It was made under the OHS Act and approved by A health and safety representative (HSR) may Robin Scott MP, Minister for Finance. cite the Code in a provisional improvement notice Duty holders under the OHS Act and OHS when providing directions on how to remedy an Regulations should use the Code together with alleged contravention of the OHS Act or OHS this legislation. Regulations. While the guidance provided in the Code is not Approval for the Code may be varied or revoked mandatory, a duty holder who complies with the by the Minister. To confirm the Code is current and Code will – to the extent it deals with their duties in force, go to worksafe.vic.gov.au. or obligations under the OHS Act and OHS Regulations – be considered to have complied with those duties or obligations. If conditions at the workplace or the way work is done raise different or additional risks not covered by the Code, compliance must be achieved by other means. WorkSafe publishes guidance to assist with this at worksafe.vic.gov.au. 2 Noise compliance code WorkSafe Victoria Part 1 – Introduction Purpose Note: The word must indicates a legal requirement that has to be complied with. 1. The purpose of this Code is to provide The words need(s) to are used to indicate a practical guidance to duty holders about recommended course of action in accordance how to comply with their duties under with duties and obligations under Victoria’s the OHS Act and Part 3.2 of the OHS health and safety legislation. The word should Regulations in relation to managing health is used to indicate a recommended optional and safety risks associated with noise course of action. exposure in the workplace. Scope Key terms OHS Regulations r5 2. This Code provides information for duty Audiological examination means the holders about meeting their obligations testing and examination of a person’s ear under Part 3.2 of the OHS Regulations and hearing threshold for the purpose of as well as how to identify hazards and establishing the type and cause of any hearing control risks associated with noise disorder. exposure in the workplace. This Code also provides information for duty holders about Audiometric test means the measurement compliance with the OHS Act, where of a person’s air conduction hearing threshold relevant (for example, an employer’s duty to levels using an electro-acoustic instrument consult with employees). (audiometer) equipped with earphones, that provides pure tones of specified discrete 3. It is not possible for this Code to deal frequencies at known hearing levels. with every risk associated with noise exposure a duty holder may encounter at Hearing protector means a device that is their workplace. The guidance in the Code inserted or covers the ear and is designed for therefore needs to be considered with the purpose of protecting a person’s hearing. regard to the particular characteristics and Noise exposure standard means noise circumstances of the workplace. levels set by the OHS Regulations as the 8 hour equivalent continuous sound pressure Application of 85 decibels (A) measured in A-weighted- decibels referenced to 20 micropascals at 4. This Code applies to employers, an employee’s ear position, or a C-weighted employees and self-employed persons peak hold sound pressure level reading of 140 and to designers, manufacturers, suppliers decibels (C) measured in decibels referenced and installers of plant and designers of to 20 micropascals at an employee’s ear structures and buildings in relation to noise. position. Additionally, it may be useful for HSRs. Note: Decibel (dB) means the measurement unit used for sound pressure levels on a logarithmic scale. WorkSafe Victoria Noise compliance code 3 Introduction Sound power level means the total sound 7. The degree of noise induced hearing loss energy radiated per unit time (eg by an item that occurs is dependent on the level of plant), measured as decibels referenced of noise, how long someone is exposed to 1 picowatt using octave bands or an to it, and to some extent on individual A-weighting. susceptibility. Once damage to hearing occurs it cannot be repaired – only further Sound pressure level means the pressure damage can be prevented. Permanent fluctuations in air expressed in decibels, hearing loss may also be accompanied by calculated as 20 times the logarithm to the tinnitus. base 10 of the ratio of the root mean square sound pressure (in pascals) to the reference 8. Noise induced hearing loss may also result sound pressure of 20 micropascals. from exposure to sudden loud noises, such as explosions, gun shots or heavy hammering. These types of noises are commonly referred to as ‘impulse’ noises. Background If loud enough, exposure to sudden impulse noises can cause immediate permanent How does noise damage hearing? damage. 5. Most people’s ears are very sensitive to noise. When sound enters the outer ear, How can noise induced hearing it vibrates the eardrum. These vibrations loss affect someone? pass into the inner ear via tiny bones where, 9. Noise induced hearing loss often results in eventually, delicate nerve cells convert the a reduced ability to perceive high pitched vibrations into messages which are sent to sounds and conversation may start to sound the brain. Noise can affect these nerve cells, muffled or incomprehensible. For example, causing a temporary reduction in hearing. it might become more difficult to hear high Most temporary hearing loss recovers within pitched alphabetical phonetic sounds, like 24 hours under quiet conditions and may be in the letters ‘s’, ‘k’, ‘p’ and ‘t’. Once hearing accompanied by a ringing or buzzing in the loss occurs, it becomes more difficult for a ear, known as tinnitus. person to take part in their normal activities 6. If someone’s ears are exposed to loud noise of daily living and employment. For example, repeatedly over a period of time, the nerve a person might find it difficult to have a cells in the inner ear may eventually die and normal conversation, use the telephone or not respond to sound. This condition is listen to music, the television or the sounds called noise induced hearing loss and of nature. Consequently, they may become usually occurs gradually over many years. less confident in social and work situations, At first, people may not notice any change causing them to feel isolated because they in their hearing. Over the years as more of are embarrassed or anxious about their these nerve cells become damaged and die, inability to hear properly. Such effects may the effect on hearing becomes noticeable, also decrease a person’s efficiency at work however, by this time the damage is and may cause accidents when instructions irreversible.
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