Rochac Hernández Et Al. V. El Salvador, Merits

10/19/2017 INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS CASE ROCHAC HERNANDEZ AND OTHERS VS. EL SALVADOR SENTENCE OF 14 OC… Page 1 INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS CASE ROCHAC HERNANDEZ AND OTHER VS. THE SAVIOR SENTENCE OF OCTOBER 14, 2014 (Fund, Repairs and Costs) For Rochac Hernández et al v El Salvador, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (hereinafter "the Inter-American Court", "the Court" or "The Tribunal"), composed of the following judges: Humberto Antonio Sierra Porto, President; Roberto F. Caldas, Vice-President; Manuel E. Ventura Robles, Judge; Diego García-Sayán, Judge; Eduardo Vio Grossi, Judge, and Eduardo Ferrer Mac-Gregor Poisot, Judge; present, in addition, Pablo Saavedra Alessandri, Secretary, and Emilia Segares Rodríguez, Deputy Secretary, in accordance with Articles 62.3 and 63.1 of the American Convention on Human Rights (hereinafter also the "American Convention" or "the Convention") and Articles 31, 32, 65 and 67 of the Rules of Procedure of the Court (hereinafter also "the Regulations"), hereby orders Judgment, which is structured in the following order: * Judge Alberto Pérez Pérez participated in all the procedural stages of the present case. For reasons of force majeure, could not be present in the deliberation and signature of this sentence. https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_f 1/82 10/19/2017 INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS CASE ROCHAC HERNANDEZ AND OTHERS VS. EL SALVADOR SENTENCE OF 14 OC… Page 2 2 INDEX I INTRODUCTION OF THE CASE AND PURPOSE OF THE DISPUTE ........................................ ............ 4 II PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE COURT ............................................. .................................................. III COMPETITION ................................................ .................................................. ........................... 8 IV INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION OF LIABILITY ............................................. .......... 9 V TEST ................................................ .................................................. 16 TO. Documentary, testimonial and expert evidence ............................................ ............................ 16 B. Admission test .............................................. .................................................. 16 B.1 Admission of Exhibit ............................................. 16 B.2 Admission of expert testimony and ........................................... .......................... 17 VI FACTS ................................................ .................................................. ................................... 18 TO. ................................................. context .................................................. 18 B. Events related to the forced disappearance of José Adrián Hernández Rochac ........ 20 C. Events related to the forced disappearance of Santos Ernesto Salinas .................... 24 D. Events related to the forced disappearance of Emelinda Lorena Hernández ............ 26 AND. Facts related to the enforced disappearances of Manuel Antonio Bonilla and Ricardo Ayala Abarca ................................................ .................................................. .............................. 29 VII FUND ................................................ .................................................. .................................... 33 VII-1 VIOLATIONS RELATED TO FORCED DISAPPEARANCES: RIGHTS TO THE PERSONAL FREEDOM, PERSONAL INTEGRITY, LIFE, RECOGNITION OF THE LEGAL PERSONALITY, TO PRIVATE AND FAMILY LIFE, TO IDENTITY, TO PROTECTION OF THE FAMILY, AND OF THE CHILDREN AND CHILDREN, IN RELATION TO THE OBLIGATIONS OF RESPECT And guarantee the rights .............................................. .................................................. 33 TO. The forced disappearance of the girl and the children as a multiple and continued violation of human rights and the duties of respect and guarantee (articles 7, 5, 4.1 and 3 in relation to Article 1.1 of the American Convention) .......................................... ..................................... 33 B. Rights of the girl child and children, and their families, to the protection of the family, to private and family life, and to identity (Articles 11.2 and 17 in relation to Articles 19 and 1.1 of the American Convention) ............................................ .................................................. 35 C. The right to humane treatment of family ......................................... 41 VII-2 VIOLATIONS RELATED TO RESEARCH: RIGHTS TO FREEDOM PERSONNEL, JUDICIAL GUARANTEES AND JUDICIAL PROTECTION, IN RELATION TO OBLIGATION TO RESPECT RIGHTS AND ENSURING ........................................... 44 TO. Duty to initiate ex officio an investigation ........................................... .......................... 48 B. Lack of due diligence in the criminal investigations .......................................... 49 C. .............................................. habeas corpus .................................................. 54 D. Conclusion ................................................. .................................................. 58 https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_f 2/82 10/19/2017 INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS CASE ROCHAC HERNANDEZ AND OTHERS VS. EL SALVADOR SENTENCE OF 14 OC… Page 3 3 VIII REPARATIONS (Application of Article 63.1 of the American Convention) ........................... 58 TO. INJURED PARTY ................................................ .................................................. .............. 60 B. Obligation to investigate the facts that generated the violations and identify, judge and, where appropriate, punish those responsible and determine the whereabouts of the victims ....... 60 C. Restitution, rehabilitation, satisfaction and guarantees of non - repetition ............. 69 D. ................................................ compensatory allowances .................................... 78 AND. Costs and expenses ............................................... .................................................. ................ 81 F. Reimbursement of expenses to the Fund for Victims ' Legal Assistance .................................... 84 G. Method of compliance with the payments ordered ........................................... .............. 84 IX PARAGRAPHS ............................................... .................................................. ... 85 Page 4 4 https://translate.googleusercontent.com/translate_f 3/82 10/19/2017 INTER-AMERICAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS CASE ROCHAC HERNANDEZ AND OTHERS VS. EL SALVADOR SENTENCE OF 14 OC… I INTRODUCTION OF THE CAUSE AND OBJECT OF THE CONTROVERSY 1. The case submitted to the Court. - On March 21, 2013 the Inter - American Commission (Hereinafter "the Inter-American Commission" or "the Commission") submitted a brief (hereinafter "submission") by which it submitted to the jurisdiction of the Court the case "Rochac Hernández et al." Against the Republic of El Salvador (hereinafter "the State" or "El Savior"). The case concerns: to) the alleged forced disappearance of children José Adrián Rochac Hernández, Santos Ernesto Salinas, Manuel Antonio Bonilla and Ricardo Abarca Ayala 1 and the girl Emelinda Lorena Hernández, between 1980 and 1982, in circumstances with characteristics in the context of armed conflict, following the execution of military operations of the so-called "counterinsurgency", and last seen together with the members of the armed forces, who would have appropriated and supposedly disposed of their destination; Y b) the alleged failure of the State to carry out a serious and diligent investigation, in within a reasonable time, on the alleged forced disappearance of the alleged victims as mechanism to guarantee their rights, as well as to ensure the rights to the truth, justice and reparation of their relatives, as a result of which the destination or whereabouts of any of the alleged victims and the facts would be found in the impunity. 2. Procedure before the Commission. - The proceedings before the Commission was as follows: to) Requests. - On 11 September 2003 the Pro-Search Association of Girls and Boys Disappeared (hereinafter "the representatives of the alleged victims" or "the representatives ") filed petition number 731-03 with the Commission for the alleged disappearance of the child José Adrián Rochac Hernández, petition number 732-03 for the alleged forced disappearance of the girl Emelinda Lorena Hernández, and petition number 733-03 for the alleged forced disappearance of the child Santos Ernesto Salinas. The 8 of December 2003 the Pro-Search Association of Missing Children and the petition number 1072-03 for the alleged forced disappearance of children Manuel Antonio Bonilla and Ricardo Abarca Ayala. b) Admissibility reports. - On 21 October 2006 the Commission adopted the report admissibility No. 90/06, in which it concluded that petition 731-03, referring to the child José Adrian Rochac Hernandez admissible 2. On 5 March 2008, the Commission approved the Admissibility Report No. 11/08, in which it concluded that petition 732-03, concerning the girl Emelinda Lorena Hernández was admissible in March. On March 5, 2008, the 1 Although in the various processes at national and international level, Ricardo has been generally surname "Ayala Abarca", for the purposes of this judgment the surname "Abarca Ayala" will be used, since in accordance with his birth certificate

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