Supporting Report (1) Annex 4 : Land
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SUPPORTING REPORT (1) ANNEX 4 : LAND USE THE STUDY ON STORM WATER DRAINAGE PLAN FOR THE COLOMBO METROPOLITAN REGION IN THE DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA FINAL REPORT VOLUME III : SUPPORTING REPORT (1) ANNEX 4 : LAND USE TABLE OF CONTENTS Page CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1.1 Background of the Study.................................................................................A4-1 1.2 Objectives of the Study ...................................................................................A4-2 1.3 Output of the Study .........................................................................................A4-2 CHAPTER 2 METHODOLOGY 2.1 Available Data on Land Use............................................................................A4-3 2.1.1 Land Use Maps..................................................................................A4-3 2.1.2 Satellite Images and Aerial Photos ....................................................A4-4 CHAPTER 3 PRESENT LAND USE IN THE STUDY AREA 3.1 Present Land Use Pattern Extracted from the Topographic Map...................A4-5 3.2 Abandoned Paddy Land..................................................................................A4-5 3.3 Trends in Conversion of Agricultural Land into Urban Use............................A4-5 CHAPTER 4 FUTURE ESTIMATIONS IN THE STUDY AREA 4.1 Existing Land Use Plan ...................................................................................A4-7 4.1.1 Available Land Use Plan ...................................................................A4-7 4.1.2 Overview of the Colombo Metropolitan Regional Structural Plan....A4-7 4.1.3 Analysis of the Trends in Urbanization..............................................A4-8 4.1.4 Protected Area Network....................................................................A4-8 4.1.5 Core Area Plan ..................................................................................A4-9 4.1.6 Building Regulations..........................................................................A4-9 4.2 Future Land Use Patterns................................................................................A4-10 4.2.1 Information for Considering Future Land Use Patterns ....................A4-10 4.2.2 Future Projects................................................................................... A4-10 4.2.3 Werisala Warehouse Project ............................................................. A4-10 4.2.4 Peliyagoda Project ............................................................................. A4-11 i 4.2.5 Mudun Ela Development Project ...................................................... A4-11 4.2.6 Wedamulla Project - Stage II............................................................. A4-12 4.2.7 Muthurajawela and Negombo Lagoon Project .................................. A4-12 4.2.8 Kaduwela - Kolonnawa Development Scheme (Information Center Project) ........................................................... A4-12 4.2.9 Outer Circular Highway Project ........................................................ A4-12 4.3 Other Information on the Future Land Use Patterns....................................... A4-13 4.3.1 Prospects for UDA Declared Area .................................................... A4-13 4.3.2 SLLRDC Prospect ............................................................................. A4-13 4.4 Estimating Future Land Use Patterns.............................................................. A4-14 4.4.1 Categories of Land Use/Land Cover ................................................. A4-14 4.4.2 Driving Forces of Land Use Change.................................................. A4-14 4.4.3 Planning Factors ................................................................................ A4-14 4.4.4 Population Density Factor ................................................................. A4-15 4.4.5 Transportation Factor ........................................................................ A4-15 4.4.6 Limiting Factors................................................................................. A4-15 4.5 Results ............................................................................................................. A4-16 ii LIST OF TABLES Page Table 2.1.1 List of Available Data on Land Use ............................................... A4-T1 Table 3.1.1 Current Land Use by Five Sub-catchments.................................... A4-T1 Table 3.3.1 Building Permits Issued 1991-1995................................................ A4-T2 Table 3.3.2 Land Auctioned.............................................................................. A4-T2 Table 3.3.3 Land Auctioned in Selected Pradeshiya Sabha in the CMR .......... A4-T2 Table 4.1.1 List of Volumes on Colombo Metropolitan Region Structural PlanA4-T3 Table 4.3.1 List of Current UDA Declared Area............................................... A4-T4 Table 4.3.2 List of Future UDA Declared Area ................................................ A4-T4 Table 4.5.1 Future Land Use by Five Sub-catchments ..................................... A4-T5 LIST OF FIGURES Page Figure 3.1.1 Present Land Use Pattern in the Study Area...................................A4-F1 Figure 3.2.1 Geographical Distribution of Abandoned Paddy ...........................A4-F2 Figure 4.2.1 Location of Projects Site .................................................................A4-F3 Figure 4.2.2 Possible Filled Area by Construction of Outer Circular Highway ..................................................................A4-F4 Figure 4.4.1 Sequences of the Analysis...............................................................A4-F5 Figure 4.5.1 Future Land Use Pattern in the Study Area ....................................A4-F6 iii Final Report, Volume III Master Plan Supporting Report (1) Annex 4, Chapter 1 CHAPTER 1 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1.1 Background of the Study Since the UN International Decade of Natural Disaster Reduction, much more focus has been placed on urban disaster management in the developing countries. There are now about 450 cities worldwide with a population of more than 1 million inhabitants. Of these, 50 cities have a population greater than 3.5 million and 25 cities have populations greater than 8 million. The concern over the risk to these megacities, particularly in the developing world, is their growing vulnerability caused by their hyper-concentrations of population, and dependence on a complex and aging infrastructure. Among several disasters, such as earthquakes, typhoons and cyclones, landslides, and tsunamis, flooding is one of the typical and frequent disasters in metropolitan areas located in the inter-tropical convergence zone where severe rainfall occurs. In the case of Metropolitan Colombo, flooding is a frequent phenomenon, because the city is extending onto the coastal floodplain. One of the triggers of these floodings is the conversion of areas to urbanized use, and increased runoff rate. It is reported that the urban fringe is expanding rapidly especially in the form of landfilling in lowlands. These encroachments are mainly by the poor people, who are frequently affected by the flood and suffering from poor drainage of storm water. In this respect, there is a meeting point between urban disaster management and the urban poverty problem, and a combination approach with urban disaster management and poverty reduction strategy is required. Although there are several dimensions to the urban poverty context, such as income, health, security, education and empowerment, flood problems in a metropolitan context could be regarded as threatening the land security of the urban poor. It means that the urban poor are obliged to live in the area that is prone to disaster due to the lack of adequate mitigation measures and land use policy. Adequate countermeasures should be adopted to save the urban poor from the disaster. In addition, appropriate development and regulation of land use should be established based on the scientific evaluation of the project area. In this respect, land use planning could be an integral part of urban disaster management, which comprises five sub-components: assessment of risk, preparedness, response and relief, mitigation, and information dissemination. Land use planning also helps to harmonize the development of metropolitan areas and sustainable growth management, especially for the land security of the urban poor. Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.A4 - 1 The Study on Storm Water Drainage Plan for the Colombo Metropolitan Region Final Report, Volume III Master Plan Supporting Report (1) Annex 4, Chapter 1 This could be much more effective with a control of land supply, planning regulation, and zoning of human habitation, which contributes to prevent the encroachment to the lowland as well as the damage from the flood-related disaster. Much more focuses should be placed on the growth management of metropolitan areas from the viewpoint of disaster prevention and environmental protection. 1.2 Objectives of the Study The central goal for this study is to formulate a storm water/flood-related disaster management plan, or disaster prevention plan, with a focusing on the environmental and social aspect. The intermediate objective of this study is to propose the appropriate use of land to prevent the flood damage in the lowlands in metropolitan Colombo. The current land use was identified in the course of the study. Special care was paid to the physical and social conditions, as well as scientific