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Visual Reference Images September 23, 2016 Marketing and Regulatory Programs Visual Agricultural Marketing Service Federal Grain Reference Inspection Service Washington, D.C. Images September 2016 United States Department of Agriculture Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration Federal Grain Inspection Service Visual Reference Images September 23, 2016 Foreword Visual Reference Images (VRI) are used to ensure consistent and uniform application of grading interpretations. The visual grading aids system represents the foundation for the national inspection system’s subjective quality control program, providing an effective management tool for aligning inspectors and assisting them in making proper and consistent subjective grading decisions. This system consists of Interpretive Line Prints (ILP), General Appearance Prints (GAP), and Other VRI. Interpretive Line Prints (ILP). The interpretive lines consist of a series of commodity specific VRI illustrating types of damage and other factors in conjunction with written descriptions. With regular use, the ILP help reduce the impact of normal perceptional differences between inspectors. General Appearance Prints( GAP). General Appearance VRI are used as an aid in making subjective grade determinations on general appearance. A special sample box is used to compare the grain being graded with the VRI. To compare the sample with the VRI, place the 5 x 7-inch print in one side of the box and the grain in the opposite side. This allows for the comparison of the grain and the VRI under similar conditions. On the reverse side of each print is an explanation of the condition illustrated on the print and procedures for use of the print and box. Other VRI. These VRI aid the inspector in identifying types of damage, conditions that are not considered damage, foreign substances, weed seeds, toxic substances, types of commodities, and insects injurious to stored grain. Distribution: A,C,E Originating Office: SPB, FMD TABLE OF CONTENTS GRAINS & OILSEEDS PAGE 004 GRADED COMMODITIES PAGE 146 OTHER FACTORS PAGE 238 INSECTS PAGE 270 COMMODITY IMAGE LIBRARY PAGE 303 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at How to File a Program Discrimination Complaint and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632- 9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: [email protected]. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender. GRAINS AND OILSEEDS GRAINS AND OILSEEDS Visual Reference Images Grains and Oilseeds Page 4 CONTENTS GRAINS AND OILSEEDS BARLEY BLIGHT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 11 FROST DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 12 GERM DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 13 HEAT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 14 INJURED-BY-FROST ............................................................................................................... 15 INJURED-BY-HEAT ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 16 INJURED-BY-MOLD ............................................................................................................... 17 INJURED-BY-SPROUT ............................................................................................................... 18 MOLD-DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 19 SKINNED & BROKEN ............................................................................................................... 20 SPROUT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21 TWO-ROWED & SIX-ROWED ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 22 WEEVIL OR INSECT BORED ....................................................................................................... 23 CANOLA DISTINCTLY GREEN ............................................................................................................... 25 HEAT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 26 OTHER DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 27 SPROUT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 28 CORN BLUE-EYE MOLD DAMAGE ....................................................................................................... 30 PURPLE PLUMULE (NOT DAMAGE) ....................................................................................... 31 COB ROT DAMAGE ............................................................................................................... 32 DRIER DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 33 GERM DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 34 GERM (NOT DAMAGE) ............................................................................................................... 35 HEAT DAMAGE (YELLOW) ....................................................................................................... 37 HEAT DAMAGE (WHITE) ....................................................................................................... 38 INSECT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 39 MIXED CORN ( PURPLE PIGMENTED CORN} ����������������������������������������������������������������������� 40 MIXED (MORE THAN SLIGHT TINGE-PINK) ............................................................................... 41 MIXED (MORE THAN SLIGHT TINGE-STRAW) ����������������������������������������������������������������������� 42 MIXED CORN (WHITE-CAPPED YELLOW CORN) .............................................................. 43 MOLD DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 44 MOLD (PINK EPICOCCUM) ....................................................................................................... 45 NOT DAMAGE (Dirt) ............................................................................................................... 46 CORN OF OTHER COLORS ....................................................................................................... 47 SURFACE MOLD (BLIGHT) ....................................................................................................... 48 SILK CUT ....................................................................................................................................... 49 SLIGHTLY YELLOW IN (WHITE WAXY) CORN ����������������������������������������������������������������������� 50 SPROUT DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 51 STRESS CRACKS ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 52 SURFACE MOLD (MORE THAN SLIGHT) ............................................................................... 53 WAXY & NON WAXY ............................................................................................................... 54 FLOOD DAMAGE ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 55 FLAXSEED BEE’S WINGS DAMAGE ..............................................................................................................
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