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A Taxonomic Review of the Genus Spilomena Shuckard (Hymenoptera

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A Taxonomic Review of the Genus Spilomena Shuckard (Hymenoptera Archive of SID J Insect Biodivers Syst 04(3): 157–162 ISSN: 2423-8112 JOURNAL OF INSECT BIODIVERSITY AND SYSTEMATICS Research Article http://jibs.modares.ac.ir http://zoobank.org/References/B3C4D417-95EC-48EF-8814-3633E4349511 A taxonomic review of the genus Spilomena Shuckard (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae) from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new species from Southern Western Ghats Tessy Rajan1*, Pavittu Meethal Sureshan1, Puthuvayi Girish Kumar1 and Ayisha N.V. Mawadda1 1 Western Ghats Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Eranhipalam, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673006, India. Received: ABSTRACT. The genus Spilomena Shuckard, 1838, is reviewed from the 27 August, 2018 Indian subcontinent. One new species, Spilomena keralaensis Rajan, Sureshan & Accepted: Girish Kumar sp. nov. is described from the Southern Western Ghats of Kerala 14 November, 2018 and differences from similar species are given. Published: 21 November, 2018 Subject Editor: Key words: Spilomena, new species, review, Indian subcontinent Christian Schmid-Egger Citation: Rajan, T., Sureshan, P.M., Girish Kumar, P. & Mawadda, A. N.V. (2018) A taxonomic review of the genus spilomena Shuckard (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae: Pemphredoninae) from the Indian subcontinent with the description of a new species from Southern Western Ghats. Journal of Insect Biodiversity and Systematics, 4(3), 157–162. Introduction Shuckard (1837) described the genus Celia this paper one new species, namely based on the type species Celia troglodytes Spilomena keralaensis Rajan, Sureshan & (Van der Linden, 1829) and later Girish Kumar sp. nov. is described from (Shuckard, 1838) substituted the name as the Pandimotta shola of Shendurney Spilomena. This genus is distributed in all Wildlife Sanctuary of Southern Western zoogeographical realms with a total of 87 Ghats of Kerala and differences from species worldwide of which 9 species from similar species are given. the Oriental Region and one species from the Indian subcontinent (Pulawski, 2018). Material and methods The only species from the Indian This study is based on the specimens subcontinent S. indostana Turner, 1918, is collected from the Pandimotta shola of described from Bombay, India. This species Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary of makes their nests in twigs, timber, decayed Southern Western Ghats of Kerala. It is the wood, buildings, etc. (Bohart & Menke, highest place within the sanctuary (1300 m) 1976; Turillazzi et al., 2014). The prey are with a unique shola forest ecosystem. The thrips, psyllids, coccids, aphids, etc. specimens were studied and photographed (Krombein, 1956; Beaumont, 1964). In by using a Leica Stereo microscope model Corresponding author: Tessy Rajan, E-mail: [email protected] Copyright © 2018, Rajan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. www.SID.ir Archive of SID 158 New species of Crabronidae from India LEICA M 205A with LEICA DFC 500 large; gaster without petiole; pronotal Camera. Types of the new species kept at collar with complete transverse carina. the ‘National Zoological Collections’ of the Distribution: In all zoogeographical realms. Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode (ZSIK). Spilomena keralaensis Rajan, Sureshan & Abbreviations used for the Museums: Girish Kumar sp. nov. (Figures 1–10) BMNH — The Natural History Museum, Material examined: Holotype female, India: formerly British Museum (Natural History), Kerala, Kollam district, Shendurney London, Great Britain; ZSIK—Western Ghat Wildlife Sanctuary, Pandimotta shola Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, (8°48'27''N, 77°13'58''E), 17.xii.2015, Coll. K. Kozhikode, India. Rajmohana & Party, ZSIK Regd. No. Abbreviations used for the terms: AOL= ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV/11602. Paratypes: 2 Distance between anterior ocellus and females, collection data as that of holotype, posterior ocellus; F = Flagellar segments; H= ZSIK Regd. Nos. ZSI/WGRC/IR/INV/11603 Head; M= Mesosoma; OOL= Ocellocular & 11604. length; POL= Posterior ocellar length; T= Description: Holotype ♀ (Fig. 1). Size Metasomal terga. (H+M+T1+T2) 3.90 mm. Body Results predominantly black, non-metallic, metasoma dark brown. Following parts Genus Spilomena Shuckard, 1838 yellow: Antennae, palps, mandibles, Celia Shuckard, 1837: 182. Type species: tegula, legs (including coxae), and apical Celia troglodytes (Van der Linden, 1829) [= margins of clypeus. Following parts white: Stigmus troglodytes Van der Linden], by clypeus (except basally brown and apical original designation and monotypy. Junior margin yellow), posterior portion of homonym of Celia Zimmermann, 1832. pronotal lobes, and setal brush on tergite Spilomena Shuckard, 1838: 79. Substitute VII. Following parts pale brownish white: name for Celia Shuckard, 1837. lower frons near to inner eye margins Microglossa Rayment, 1930: 212. Type broadly. Following parts brown: mandible species: Microglossa longifrons Rayment, by tips, lateral sides of pronotum and stigma original designation. Junior homonym of of forewing. Wings yellowish hyaline with Microglossa Voight, 1831. veins yellow becoming brown beyond stigma. Body hairs silvery. Microglossella Rayment, 1935: 634. Substitute name for Microglossa Rayment, 1930. Head: Transverse, globular, eyes slightly convergent dorsally (Fig. 2); inner tooth of Taialia Tsuneki, 1971: 10. Type species: mandible pointed; clypeus weakly convex Taialia formosana Tsuneki, 1971, by original in the middle, with anterior margin slightly designation and monotypy. Synonymized incised in middle; vertex finely, distinctly with Spilomena by Bohart in Bohart & coriaceous, setigerous punctures minute; Menke, 1976: 41. single elongate seta just in front of each Diagnosis: Occipital carina absent; lateral ocellus; occipital carina absent; hindwing media not diverging before Cu-a, median frontal carina extending about half not separated from Cu; forewing with distance to median ocellus; frontal carina marginal cell elongate which is larger than extending up to one third of clypeus; gena stigma and closed apically, two closed longitudinally finely striate; clypeus submarginal cells present, one recurrent broadly emarginated; malar space 1.28x as vein and two discoidal cells present, stigma long as diameter of median ocellus; POL www.SID.ir Archive of SID Rajan et al. 159 0.38x OOL (Fig. 4); POL 0.90x AOL; frons Discussion distinctly protuberant, evenly convex; This new species distinctly differs from the antennal sockets separated from clypeal only other Indian species Spilomena margin by about their diameter, and from indostana Turner, 1918, in having: (1) Inner eyes by 0.63x their diameter; mandibles tooth of mandible pointed (in S. indostana, bidentate, outer tooth distinctly longer than inner tooth of mandible broad and blunt); inner tooth. Antenna (Fig. 3) with scape (2) Clypeus weakly convex in the middle 6.9x as long as broad, 0.79x the combined (in S. indostana, clypeus very strongly length of pedicel plus first five convex in the middle); (3) Dorsal face of flagellomeres; F9 0.6x as long as F10. propodeum without two longitudinal Mesosoma: Posterior carina of pronotum carinae near the middle (in S. indostana, well defined, distinctly curved forward propodeum with two longitudinal carinae laterally; notauli weakly present; near the middle); and (4) Larger species mesoscutum, scutellum, metanotum, and (3.90 mm) (in S. indostana, body size 3 mm). mesopleuron predominantly coriaceous with minute setigerous punctures; This new species distinctly differs from mesoscutum with distinct crenulate narrow all other Oriental species except Spilomena furrow along lateral margin; scutellum socialis Matthews, 2014, which is so far anteriorly with a broad transverse known only from its type locality, i.e., crenulate furrow (Fig. 4); episternal sulcus Bukit Frazer of Pahang of Malaysia. incomplete, weakly areolate; posterolateral However, the new species differs from S. corners of propodeal hind face each with a socialis in having: (1) Malar space 1.28x as small, weak tooth-like tubercle; propodeal long as diameter of median ocellus (in S. dorsum areolate with a network of coarse socialis, malar space distinctly less than ridges, without two longitudinal carinae diameter of median ocellus (9:16); (2) near the middle, and with a smooth area at Posterior carina of pronotum distinctly the apex (Fig. 6); lateral face of propodeum curved forward laterally (in S. socialis, with some strong transverse striations pronotal carina almost straight); (3) anteriorly and a large smooth area medially Clypeus white, except basally brown and (Fig. 5). Forewing (Fig. 8) with marginal cell apical margin yellow (in S. socialis, clypeus distally acute, two submarginal cells present, black except apical margin yellow); (4) lm-cu vein proximal to bifurcation of Rs + M, Lower frons near to inner eye margins stigma 3.9x as long as width; hind wing (Fig. broadly pale brownish white (in S. socialis, 9) with cu-a slightly curved. lower frons near to inner eye margins Metasoma: TI basally with a median black); (5) Scape 0.79x the combined length furrow, and few somewhat longitudinal of pedicel plus first five flagellomeres (in S. striations, rest of T I smooth and shining socialis, scape about equal in length to (Fig. 10); remaining tergites shining, faintly pedicel plus the first five
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