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Certificated Aircraft Engines
CERTIFICATED AIRCRAFT ENGINES SSP1101 DECEMBER 2013 652 Oliver Street Williamsport, PA 17701 U.S.A. Phone: Main OfficeU.S. and Canada Toll Free +1 (800) 2583279 Direct +1 (570) 3236181 Sales Department +1 (570) 3277278 Facsimile +1 (570) 3277101 Visit us on the World Wide Web at: http://www.lycoming.com ©2013 Avco Corporation All Rights Reserved. Lycoming Engines is a division of Avco Corporation. TABLE OF CONTENTS PISTON CERTIFICATED ENGINES – (4) Four Cylinder Series ....................................................................................................................................................... 1 (6) Six Cylinder Series ....................................................................................................................................................... 16 (8) Eight Cylinder Series .................................................................................................................................................... 32 PISTON ENGINE INSTALLATIONS (4) Four Cylinder Installations............................................................................................................................................ 33 (6) Six Cylinder Installations.............................................................................................................................................. 42 TURBOCHARGED .................................................................................................................................................... 46 GEARED................................................................................................................................................................... -
Diesel and Fuel-Oil Engines
HdiiUiiat uuioTAt* VI i nPicrence moK not to do AUG 2 ^ : , CuKCH JlUili lilO L, iDi slil CS102E-42 Jf' Engines, Diese! and fuei-oil (export classifications) U. S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE JESSE H. JONES, Secretary NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS LYMAN J. BRIGGS, Director DIESEL AND FUEL-OIL ENGINES (Export Classifications) COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS102E-42 Effective Date for New Production from October 30, 1942 A RECORDED VOLUNTARY STANDARD OF THE TRADE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON : 1942 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D. C. Price 10 cents . U. S. Department of Commerce National Bureau of Standard? PROMULGATION of COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS102E-42 for DIESEL AND FUEL-OIL ENGINES (Export Classifications) On January 30, 1942, at the instance of the Diesel Engine Manu- facturers’ Association, a conference of representative manufacturers adopted a recommended commercial standard for Diesel and fuel -oil engines (export classifications). Those concerned have since accepted and approved the standard as shown herein for promulgation by the U. S. Department of Commerce, through the National Bureau of Standards. The standard is effective for new production from October 30, 1942. Promulgation recommended I. J. Fairchild, Chieff Division of Trade Standards, Promulgated. Lyman J. Briggs, Director^ National Bureau of Standards, Promulgation approved. Jesse H. Jones, Secretary of Commerce. II DIESEL AND FUEL-OIL ENGINES (Export Classifications) COMMERCIAL STANDARD CS102E-42 PARTS Page 1. Nomenclature and definitions.. ' 1 2. Slow- and medium-speed stationary Diesel engines 7 3. Slow- and medium-speed marine Diesel engines 13 4. Small, medium- and high-speed stationary, marine, and portable Diesel engines 19 5. -
Water/Methanol Injection: Frequently Asked Questions
Water/Methanol Injection: Frequently Asked Questions Water/methanol injection is nothing new. It has been used as far back as World War II to help power German fighter planes. Yet it never seemed to catch on as a mainstream power adder in the hot rodding world—until recent years. Many companies are now offering easy to install water/methanol injections systems for affordable prices. Available for naturally aspirated or forced induction gasoline and diesel applications, these systems inject a roughly 50/50 mixture of methanol and water into the engine using a high-pressure pump. This magical mixture allows for more ignition timing, increases boost capability in supercharged or turbocharged applications, lowers air intake temperature, and provides an additional source of very high-octane fuel—all without increasing the chance of damaging detonation. Water injection systems are predominantly useful in forced induction (turbocharged or supercharged), internal combustion engines. Only in extreme cases such as very high compression ratios, very low octane fuel or too much ignition advance can it benefit a normally aspirated engine. The system has been around for a long time since it was already used in some World War II aircraft engines, which allowed them to produce more power and therefore fly at higher altitudes. A water injection system works similarly to a fuel injection system only it injects water instead of fuel. Water injection is not to be confused with water spraying on the intercooler's surface, water spraying is much less efficient and far less sophisticated. A turbocharger or supercharger essentially compresses the air going into the engine in order to force more air than would be possible with the atmospheric pressure. -
Propulsion Systems for Aircraft. Aerospace Education II
. DOCUMENT RESUME ED 111 621 SE 017 458 AUTHOR Mackin, T. E. TITLE Propulsion Systems for Aircraft. Aerospace Education II. INSTITUTION 'Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, Ala. Junior Reserve Office Training Corps.- PUB.DATE 73 NOTE 136p.; Colored drawings may not reproduce clearly. For the accompanying Instructor Handbook, see SE 017 459. This is a revised text for ED 068 292 EDRS PRICE, -MF-$0.76 HC.I$6.97 Plus' Postage DESCRIPTORS *Aerospace 'Education; *Aerospace Technology;'Aviation technology; Energy; *Engines; *Instructional-. Materials; *Physical. Sciences; Science Education: Secondary Education; Textbooks IDENTIFIERS *Air Force Junior ROTC ABSTRACT This is a revised text used for the Air Force ROTC _:_progralit._The main part of the book centers on the discussion -of the . engines in an airplane. After describing the terms and concepts of power, jets, and4rockets, the author describes reciprocating engines. The description of diesel engines helps to explain why theseare not used in airplanes. The discussion of the carburetor is followed byan explanation of the lubrication system. The chapter on reaction engines describes the operation of,jets, with examples of different types of jet engines.(PS) . 4,,!It********************************************************************* * Documents acquired by, ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other souxces. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copravailable. nevertheless, items of marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document" Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. -
! National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
! . \ i NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS TECHNICAL NOTE No. 1374 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE KNOCK - LIlvITTED BLENDIDG CHARACTERISTICS OF AVIATION FUELS II - INVESTIGATION OF LEADED PARAFFINIC FUELS IN AN AIR-COOLED CYLrnDER By Jerrold D. Wear and Newell D. Sanders Flight Propulsion Research Laboratory Cleveland, Ohio Washington July 1947 , \ I NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS TN 1374 EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE KNOCK-LIMITED BLENDING CH.~~ACTERISTICS OF AVIATION FUELS II - INVESTIGATION OF LEADED PARAFFINIC FUELS IN ~~ AIR-COOLED CYLINDER By Jerrold D. Wear and. Newell D. Sanders SUMMARY The relation between knock limit and blend composition of selected aviation fuel components individually blended with virgin base and ''lith alkylate was determined in a full-scale air-cooled aircraft-·engine cylinder. In addition the follow ing correlations were examined: (a) The knock-·limited performance of a full -scale engine at lean-mixture operation plotted against the knock-limited perform ance of the engine at rich-mixture operation for a series of fuels (b) The knock-limited performance of a full-scale engine at rich-mixture operation plotted against the knock-limited perform ance at rich-mixture operation of a small-scale engine for a series of fuels In each case the following methods of specifying the knock limi ted perfOl'IDanCe of the engine were investigated: (l) Knock·-limited indicated mean effective pressure (2) percentage of S-4 plus 4 ml T~~ per gallon in M-4 plus 4 ml TEL per gallon to give an equal knock-limited indicated mean effective pressure (3) Ratio of indicated mean effective pressure of test fuel ~o indicated mean effective pressure of clear S-4 reference fuel, all other conditions being the same . -
Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides
NASA/TM—2010-213179 Water Injection on Commercial Aircraft to Reduce Airport Nitrogen Oxides David L. Daggett and Lars Fucke Boeing Commercial Airplane, Seattle, Washington Robert C. Hendricks Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio David J.H. Eames Rolls-Royce Corporation, Indianapolis, Indiana March 2010 NASA STI Program . in Profile Since its founding, NASA has been dedicated to the • CONFERENCE PUBLICATION. Collected advancement of aeronautics and space science. The papers from scientific and technical NASA Scientific and Technical Information (STI) conferences, symposia, seminars, or other program plays a key part in helping NASA maintain meetings sponsored or cosponsored by NASA. this important role. • SPECIAL PUBLICATION. Scientific, The NASA STI Program operates under the auspices technical, or historical information from of the Agency Chief Information Officer. It collects, NASA programs, projects, and missions, often organizes, provides for archiving, and disseminates concerned with subjects having substantial NASA’s STI. The NASA STI program provides access public interest. to the NASA Aeronautics and Space Database and its public interface, the NASA Technical Reports • TECHNICAL TRANSLATION. English- Server, thus providing one of the largest collections language translations of foreign scientific and of aeronautical and space science STI in the world. technical material pertinent to NASA’s mission. Results are published in both non-NASA channels and by NASA in the NASA STI Report Series, which Specialized services also include creating custom includes the following report types: thesauri, building customized databases, organizing and publishing research results. TECHNICAL PUBLICATION. Reports of completed research or a major significant phase For more information about the NASA STI of research that present the results of NASA program, see the following: programs and include extensive data or theoretical analysis. -
Reduction of NO Emissions in a Turbojet Combustor by Direct Water
Reduction of NO emissions in a turbojet combustor by direct water/steam injection: numerical and experimental assessment Ernesto Benini, Sergio Pandolfo, Serena Zoppellari To cite this version: Ernesto Benini, Sergio Pandolfo, Serena Zoppellari. Reduction of NO emissions in a turbojet combus- tor by direct water/steam injection: numerical and experimental assessment. Applied Thermal Engi- neering, Elsevier, 2009, 29 (17-18), pp.3506. 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.06.004. hal-00573476 HAL Id: hal-00573476 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00573476 Submitted on 4 Mar 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Accepted Manuscript Reduction of NO emissions in a turbojet combustor by direct water/steam in- jection: numerical and experimental assessment Ernesto Benini, Sergio Pandolfo, Serena Zoppellari PII: S1359-4311(09)00181-1 DOI: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.06.004 Reference: ATE 2830 To appear in: Applied Thermal Engineering Received Date: 10 November 2008 Accepted Date: 2 June 2009 Please cite this article as: E. Benini, S. Pandolfo, S. Zoppellari, Reduction of NO emissions in a turbojet combustor by direct water/steam injection: numerical and experimental assessment, Applied Thermal Engineering (2009), doi: 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.06.004 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. -
An Experimental Study on Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Hydrogen Fuelled Spark Ignition Engine
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by DSpace@IZTECH Institutional Repository International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 32 (2007) 2066–2072 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijhydene An experimental study on performance and emission characteristics of a hydrogen fuelled spark ignition engine Erol Kahramana, S. Cihangir Ozcanlıb, Baris Ozerdemb,∗ aProgram of Energy Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey bDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey Received 2 August 2006; accepted 2 August 2006 Available online 2 October 2006 Abstract In the present paper, the performance and emission characteristics of a conventional four cylinder spark ignition (SI) engine operated on hydrogen and gasoline are investigated experimentally. The compressed hydrogen at 20 MPa has been introduced to the engine adopted to operate on gaseous hydrogen by external mixing. Two regulators have been used to drop the pressure first to 300 kPa, then to atmospheric pressure. The variations of torque, power, brake thermal efficiency, brake mean effective pressure, exhaust gas temperature, and emissions of NOx, CO, CO2, HC, and O2 versus engine speed are compared for a carbureted SI engine operating on gasoline and hydrogen. Energy analysis also has studied for comparison purpose. The test results have been demonstrated that power loss occurs at low speed hydrogen operation whereas high speed characteristics compete well with gasoline operation. Fast burning characteristics of hydrogen have permitted high speed engine operation. Less heat loss has occurred for hydrogen than gasoline. NOx emission of hydrogen fuelled engine is about 10 times lower than gasoline fuelled engine. -
Direct Injection of Water Mist in an Intake Manifold Spark Ignition Engine
International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering (IJAME) ISSN: 2229-8649 (Print); ISSN: 2180-1606 (Online); Volume 12, pp. 2809-2819, July-December 2015 ©Universiti Malaysia Pahang DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijame.12.2015.1.0236 Direct injection of water mist in an intake manifold spark ignition engine A.R. Babu1*, G. Amba Prasad Rao1 and T. Hari Prasad2 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT, Warangal, 506004, India *Email: [email protected] Phone: +919581993346; Fax: +918572245126 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, SVEC, Tirupati, 5171024, India ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of water mist (WM) injected directly into an intake manifold spark ignition (SI) engine. WM flows through a nozzle at the throttle body of the four-cylinder four-stroke multi-point injection engine for testing the performance of exhaust emission system. The water is pumped in mist form into the intake manifold with an air-fuel mixture through the nozzle, which is located on the throttle body. Experimental work and simulation methods are combined by the presence and absence of WM addition, and the performance as well as emission produced by the engine is analyzed. The Gamma Technologies (GT) methods are used to simulate the model with and without WM addition. The experimental results indicate that the standard engine performance can be used to validate the simulation model. The engine measures include various parameters such as brake power, torque, volumetric efficiency, spark advance timing, and the concentration of CO and NOx with water and without water addition to the SI engine (i.e., the power, torque, volumetric efficiency of the engine is increased up to 10%). -
Fabrication of Supercharger in Two Wheeler Engine
Vol-2 Issue-2 2016 IJARIIE-ISSN(O)-2395-4396 FABRICATION OF SUPERCHARGER IN TWO WHEELER ENGINE 1 2 3 4 5 T Prakash G Arun Kumar , S Arun Kumar , R Manoj Kumar , M G Midhun 1,2,3,4, MECHANICAL ENGINERRING, VIDYAA VIKAS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, TIRUCHENGODE, NAMAKKAL (DT) 637214, TAMILNADU, India ABSTRACT A super charger is an air compressor used for forced injection of an internal combustion engine. The purpose of a super charger is to increase the density of air entering the engine to create more power. A supercharger is the compressor is powered by the rotation of chain sprocket in the bike. In addition to the foregoing advantages the supercharger gives greater mechanical efficiency and fuel economy .Moreover, the engine can be made smaller ,the compression can be well below that at which detonation occurs and still afford a surplus of power ,heat losses in the water jacket are reduced because larger chargers of mixture in the cylinders Keyword: - carburetor, chain sprocket etc…. 1. INTRODUCTION A supercharger is an air compressor that increases the pressure or density of air supplied to an internal combustion engine. This gives each intake cycle of the engine more oxygen, letting it burn more fuel and do more work, thus increasing power. Power for the supercharger can be provided mechanically by means of a belt, gear, shaft, or chain connected to the engine’s crankshaft. When power is provided by a turbine powered by exh aust gas, a supercharger is known as a turbo supercharger – typically referred to simply as a turbocharger or just turbo. -
Artificial Intelligence for the Prediction of Exhaust Back Pressure Effect On
applied sciences Article Artificial Intelligence for the Prediction of Exhaust Back Pressure Effect on the Performance of Diesel Engines Vlad Fernoaga 1 , Venetia Sandu 2,* and Titus Balan 1 1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Transilvania University, Brasov 500036, Romania; [email protected] (V.F.); [email protected] (T.B.) 2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Transilvania University, Brasov 500036, Romania * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +40-268-474761 Received: 11 September 2020; Accepted: 15 October 2020; Published: 21 October 2020 Featured Application: This paper presents solutions for smart devices with embedded artificial intelligence dedicated to vehicular applications. Virtual sensors based on neural networks or regressors provide real-time predictions on diesel engine power loss caused by increased exhaust back pressure. Abstract: The actual trade-off among engine emissions and performance requires detailed investigations into exhaust system configurations. Correlations among engine data acquired by sensors are susceptible to artificial intelligence (AI)-driven performance assessment. The influence of exhaust back pressure (EBP) on engine performance, mainly on effective power, was investigated on a turbocharged diesel engine tested on an instrumented dynamometric test-bench. The EBP was externally applied at steady state operation modes defined by speed and load. A complete dataset was collected to supply the statistical analysis and machine learning phases—the training and testing of all the AI solutions developed in order to predict the effective power. By extending the cloud-/edge-computing model with the cloud AI/edge AI paradigm, comprehensive research was conducted on the algorithms and software frameworks most suited to vehicular smart devices. -
National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
- I 0 N NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE 0 FOR AERONAUTICS z U TECHNICAL NOTE No. 1790 INVESTIGATION OF ICING CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPICAL LIGHT-AIRPLANE ENGINE INDUCTION SYSTEMS By Willard D. Coles Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory Cleveland, Ohio .AL 'IBR. MANtJACTJ, U, -951 EULVEDA BlVD. LES. 45, LiL w77 Washington February 1949 NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR AERONAUTICS TECHNICAL NOTE NO. 1790 INVESTIGATION OF ICING CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPICAL LIGHT-AIRPLANE ENGINE INDUCTION SYSTE By Willard D. Coles SUMMARY The icing characteristics of two typical light-airplane engine induction systems were investigated using the carburetors and mani- folds of engines in the horsepower ranges from 65 to 85 and 165 to 185. The smaller system consisted of a float-type carburetor with an unheated manifold and the larger system consisted of a single- barrel pressure-type carburetor with an oil-jacketed manifold. Carburetor-air temperature and humidity limits of visible and serious Icing were determined for various engine power conditions. Several .methods of achieving ice-free induction systems are dis- cussed along with estimates of surface heating requirements of the various induct ion-system components. A study was also made of the icing characteristics of a typical light-airplane air scoop with an exposed filter and a modified system that provided a normal ram inlet with the filter located in a position to Induce inertia separation of the free water from the charge air. The principle of operation of float-type carburetors is proved to make them inherently more susceptible to icing at the throttle plate than pressure-type carburetors.. The results indicated that proper jacketing and heating of all parts exposed to the fuel spray can satisfactorily reduce or eliminate icing in the float-type carburetor and the manifold.