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89Th Cong., 1St Sess., Congressional Record

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89Th Cong., 1St Sess., Congressional Record .' UNITED.. STATES. OF AMERICA (iongr£ssional1R£cord th PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 89 CONGRESS FIRST SESSION VOLUME Ill-PART 15 AUGUST 10, 1965, TO AUGUST 18, 1965 (PAGES 19743 TO 20994) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON, 1965 19760 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE FIVE YEARS AS A NATION: THE lation in the world cannot guarantee coordinator, I can reportt9 you tonight that IVORY COAST racial equality. Up to now, we have ac­ determined efforts are being·tnade Within complished the legal abolition of the the Federal structure. ...' Mr. HARTKE. Mr. President, Satur­ practices of segregation, and we have But now the American people have been day, August 7, was the national inde­ called to answer another, more challenging pendence day for the Republic of Ivory obtained a grudging tolerance, a lower­ question: Do we have the imagination, the ing of formal legal barriers, a removal commitment, an.d compassion to construct Coast. This new nation under the able of "white only" signs from drinking a society Which gives fUll meaning to the leadership of President Felix Houphouet­ fountains, school doors, and waiting phrase "full citizenship," Where every citizen Boigny has earnestly undertaken its rooms. We must do more than achieve has an equal opportunity in fact-not just in international responsibilities as a sover­ minimum compliance with the law, mo­ law? eign state. Six weeks after her inde­ For the first time in history, this Nation pendence in 1960, the Ivory Coast was tivated more by the fear of jails than by possesses the intellectual strength and the admitted to the United Nations and was an honest request for one's fellow man. economic resources to create the conditions later elected to a seat on the Security While this is necessary and worthy of in which every American can be a fUll partner our first efforts, it is merely an initial in the enterprise of democracy.. Council for the term beginning January We possess the knOWledge and the wealth. 1964. Within Africa the Ivory Coast goal. Beyond this lies the true meantrig of But do we also possess the determination and commands great respect, for President the will to complete this task? _ Houphouet-Boigny since his early career "integration." Beyond this lies accept­ To be sure, a.number of Negroes have over­ in preindependence days has been a ance-acceptance of every fellow citizen come great handicaps and are able to com­ dynamic and devoted leader for regional as a man with heart and mind, body and pete on equal terms with other citizens. In­ cooperation on the African continent, soul. This goal may remain unreached deed, all the men of Alpha-represented by maintaining that the only true road when every lunch counter in the Nation such men as Thurgood Marshall, Whitney to has dropped its formal barriers to Negro Young, Martin Luther King, John Johnson, African solidarity is through step-by­ and Judge Perry B. Jackson, JUdge Sidney step economic and political cooperation entry. It may remain unreached when every Negro is allowed the full and equal A. Jones. and Judge L. Howard Bennett-are with recognition of the principle of non­ notable representatives of the American intervention in the internal affairs of right to vote and participate in the politi­ Negro community today capable of both pro­ sister African states. cal process of his State and city. It may, ducing and enjoying the benefits of American To this nation which shuns involve­ as well, remain unreached when the last society. ment in cold war issues yet remains a Negro has stepped off the sidewalk and We know of. the encouraging increase of friend of the West the United States has tipped his hat to the passing white man. Negro enrollment in college and in profes­ But we must begin now to reach the day sional schools, of the rising income level provided modest economic aid, support­ among Negroes. of more challenging and ing the Ivory Coast's program of rapid, when we have a nation in which every man is accepted at his own worth. responsible jobs available to Negroes, and orderly economic development. With of the declining rate of school dropouts an economy alreadY more diversified Mr. President, I call the attention of among Negroes as compared to the popula­ than any other in west Africa, the Ivory the U.S. Senate to this remarkable tion in general. Coast has undertaken to increase public speech, and ask unanimous consent that We know that Negro Americans are suc­ expenditure and encourage greater pri­ it be printed in the RECORD at this point. ceeding despite the handicaps of prejudice, There being no objection, the address of closed doors, of limited or noneXistent vate investment in the growing indus­ educational opportunities, and of the deep trial sector, looking forward to 1970 as was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: psychological wound of being a Negro in a the terminal date for foreign assistance period where this usually meant second-class needs. REMARKS BY VICE PRESIDENT HUBERT HUM­ citizenship and back-of-the-bus treatment. Mr. President, it has long been the PHREY, CoNVENTION, ALPHA PHI ALPHA But despite the advances of this Negro belief of Americans that a people's in­ FRATERNITY, CHICAGO. AUGUST 9,1965 minority, we know also the pathos of count­ terests are best served and the poten­ It is an honor and a pleasure to be back less citizens in this country. These people with Alpha Phi Alpha tonight. In 1948, I are almost a nation unto themselves-an tialities for liberty most promoted spoke before your annual convention at At­ underdeveloped country of urban ghettos and through self-determination of political lantic City. rural slums whose inhabitants are only dimly and economic policy. It is this belief, At that time you were concerned with aware of the advances In civil rights and are inextricably bound up With our own awakening Negroes to the potentialities of only rarely touched by them. heritage, that causes us to take pride in fUll citizenship and fine.educatlon, with pro­ President Johnson spOke about the stark the achievements of such newly inde­ Viding money through scholarships and loans dimensions of this other America in .his pendent nations as the Republic of Ivory to the talented who couId benefit most from Howard University address. He pointed to Coast. I know that many Americans advanced learning, and With fighting legal the uprooted. the unemployed,· and the dis­ join with me in saluting the people of battles to strike down discriminatory bar­ possessed. He pointed to staggering prob­ riers. lems of unemployment, of disease, of illit­ the Ivory Coast as they celebrate their At that time I was about to first enter the eracy, of income, of .infant. mortality, of national independence. U.S. Senate. family disintegration, and .of housing. At that time this country was slOWly be­ It is for this other America" living under coming ll,ware of the critical social issue of a dark cloud of discrimination andprejudice, THE CHALLENGE OF CIVIL RIGHTS the postwar period-the fUll entrance of the that we must now bend our efforts. We must Mr. MONDALE. Mr. President, on Negro Into American society. realize that although our lawll.are more Just Tonight. 17 years later. we have come a than before, true Justice remains. for many, a Sunday night, August 8, 1965, I had the long way. distant and unrealized promise. privilege of attending the Alpha Phi We have seen legalized prejudice and dis­ Our task now Is to meet ,the challenge of Alpha Fraternity Convention in Chicago, crimination stricken from the statute books this secoIJ.d phase of the Negro's struggl~ Ill. In an address to the convention, of America. to secure economic and soCial justlce--:to Vice President HUBERT H. HUMPHREY Many people of courage ll,nd dedication, secure self-sufficiency and self-respect.. brought to our attention in meaningful with black skins and with white, have We must give fulfillmeIlt to,the promise fashion the real challenge facing the risked-and sometimes lost--thelr lives In of our lll,ws, and our. words.• For. hollow human rights movement in the United assaulting the barriers of legalized discrimi­ phrases can only leave a ~itter tasteJnthe nation. mouths of those Who .speak them and deep States. He emphasized that·although The dignity and the compassion-the man­ and abiding,despair among .t:hose" who. hear we have created an adequate body of ifestation of true fraternal love---which has them" ".. ·;,.:c;,·,,:,' .. " ' legislation for equal legal rights, we characterized these efforts is a source of As we enter this phase, of .. thll"Negro's must begin to create a climate of equal pride to all Americans. struggle, ~w9 general pr9blllJ:pll:~ust be iso­ respect in which the capacities of all With the series of Supreme Courtdecl­ lated andconrr9nted: problllniS'ot substance men, whether Negro or white, for crea­ sions CUlminating in the historic Brawnv. and problems Of spirit.,:,,',:. .. ,. tivity and the pursuit of excellence may Board of Education case in 1954-:-anq with ., We ,know that the problema.of iJubstance flourish and grow. the sequence of congressional actions leading are. complex and interwoven.' We, cll,nnot to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Vot~ Identlfi./t sil1glli aspect of the Negro'sllfe and We should remember that the law, in ing Rights Act of 1965-thls Initial ph!\se try to deal WithIt alone. ,.'. addition to being a coercive force, must of the civil struggle Is now drawing to a We 'cannot emphasize· jiistthe need for function as well as a teacher.
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