Table of Contents D. Visual Qualities
1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1039
2. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ...... 1040 a. Existing Regulatory Framework ...... 1040 (1) City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework ...... 1040 (2) Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan ...... 1041 b. Existing Visual Character of the Project Site ...... 1041 (1) North Back Lot Visual Quality Area ...... 1042 (2) South Back Lot Visual Quality Area ...... 1042 (3) Entertainment Visual Quality Area ...... 1043 (4) Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area ...... 1043 (5) Studio Visual Quality Area ...... 1044 c. Existing Views - Areas Surrounding the Project Site ...... 1044 d. Existing Visual Character of Project Site and Views from Off-Site Geographic Areas ...... 1044 (1) Barham Boulevard Corridor - South ...... 1046 (a) Visual Character ...... 1046 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1048 (2) Barham Boulevard Corridor – North ...... 1048 (a) Visual Character ...... 1049 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1050 (3) Forest Lawn Drive - West ...... 1050 (a) Visual Character ...... 1050 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1051 (4) Oakwood Garden Apartments ...... 1051 (a) Visual Character ...... 1051 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1052 (5) Hollywood Manor ...... 1052 (a) Visual Character ...... 1053 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1054 (6) Hollywood Knolls ...... 1055 (a) Visual Character ...... 1055 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1056 City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page i WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review Table of Contents
(7) Mulholland Ridge ...... 1056 (a) Visual Character ...... 1056 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1057 (8) Cahuenga Pass East ...... 1057 (a) Visual Character ...... 1057 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1059 (9) Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1059 (a) Visual Character ...... 1059 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1060 (10) Universal City Metro Red Line Station & Campo de Cahuenga ...... 1061 (a) Visual Character ...... 1061 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1061 (11) Weddington Park (South) ...... 1061 (a) Visual Character ...... 1061 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1062 (12) City View Lofts/Island ...... 1063 (a) Visual Character ...... 1063 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1063 (13) Toluca Estates ...... 1064 (a) Visual Character ...... 1064 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1064 (14) Toluca Lake ...... 1064 (a) Visual Character ...... 1064 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1065 (15) Lakeside Golf Club ...... 1065 (a) Visual Character ...... 1065 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1066
3. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS ...... 1066 a. Methodology ...... 1066 (1) Aesthetics (Visual Character) ...... 1066 (2) Views ...... 1069 b. Thresholds of Significance ...... 1070 (1) Aesthetics (Visual Character) ...... 1070 (2) Views ...... 1071 c. Project Design Features ...... 1071 (1) Specific Plans ...... 1071 d. Analysis of Project Impacts ...... 1072 (1) Barham Boulevard Corridor - South ...... 1073 (a) Visual Character ...... 1073 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1075 (2) Barham Boulevard Corridor - North ...... 1076 City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page ii WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review Table of Contents
(a) Visual Character ...... 1076 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1078 (3) Forest Lawn Drive - West ...... 1078 (a) Visual Character ...... 1078 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1079 (4) Oakwood Garden Apartments ...... 1080 (a) Visual Character ...... 1080 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1080 (5) Hollywood Manor ...... 1081 (a) Visual Character ...... 1081 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1084 (6) Hollywood Knolls ...... 1085 (a) Visual Character ...... 1085 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1086 (7) Mulholland Ridge ...... 1086 (a) Visual Character ...... 1086 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1087 (8) Cahuenga Pass East ...... 1087 (a) Visual Character ...... 1087 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1089 (9) Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1089 (a) Visual Character ...... 1089 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1091 (10) Universal City Metro Red Line Station & Campo de Cahuenga ...... 1092 (a) Visual Character ...... 1092 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1094 (11) Weddington Park (South) ...... 1094 (a) Visual Character ...... 1094 (b) Views of Visual Resources ...... 1095 (12) City View Lofts/Island ...... 1096 (a) Visual Character ...... 1096 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1097 (13) Toluca Estates ...... 1098 (a) Visual Character ...... 1098 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1099 (14) Toluca Lake ...... 1099 (a) Visual Character ...... 1099 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1100 (15) Lakeside Golf Club ...... 1100 (a) Visual Character ...... 1100 (b) Views of Valued Visual Resources ...... 1102
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page iii WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review Table of Contents
e. Summary of Visual Character Impact Analysis ...... 1102 f. Summary of Views Impact Analysis ...... 1102 g. Project Consistency with Existing Regulatory Framework ...... 1103 (1) City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework ...... 1103 (2) Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan ...... 1103 h. Construction Impacts ...... 1104 i. Impacts Under No Annexation Scenario ...... 1105
4. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS ...... 1105
5. PROJECT DESIGN FEATURES AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 1106 a. Project Design Features ...... 1106 b. Mitigation Measures ...... 1107
6. LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE AFTER MITIGATION ...... 1107
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page iv WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review Table of Contents
List of Figures
98 Visual Quality Areas (VQAs) ...... 1108 99 City Sign Districts ...... 1109 100 County Sign Districts ...... 1110 101 Viewpoint Photo Locations...... 1111 102 Viewpoint Photo Locations on Aerial Photograph ...... 1112 103 Barham Boulevard – South ...... 1113 104 Barham Boulevard – South ...... 1114 105 Barham Boulevard – South ...... 1115 106 Barham Boulevard – North ...... 1116 107 Barham Boulevard – North ...... 1117 108 Forest Lawn Drive – West...... 1118 109 Oakwood Garden Apartments ...... 1119 110 Hollywood Manor ...... 1120 111 Hollywood Manor ...... 1121 112A Hollywood Knolls ...... 1122 112B Hollywood Knolls ...... 1123 112C Hollywood Knolls ...... 1124 112D Hollywood Knolls ...... 1125 112E Hollywood Knolls ...... 1126 112F Hollywood Knolls ...... 1127 113 Hollywood Knolls ...... 1128 114A Mulholland Ridge ...... 1129 114B Mulholland Ridge ...... 1130 114C Mulholland Ridge ...... 1131 115A Cahuenga Pass East – High ...... 1132 115B Cahuenga Pass East – High ...... 1133 115C Cahuenga Pass East – High ...... 1134 115D Cahuenga Pass East – High ...... 1135 115E Cahuenga Pass East – High ...... 1136 115F Cahuenga Pass East – High ...... 1137 116A Cahuenga Pass East – Mid ...... 1138 116B Cahuenga Pass East – Mid ...... 1139 116C Cahuenga Pass East – Mid ...... 1140 City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page v WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review Table of Contents
117 Cahuenga Pass East – Low...... 1141 118A Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1142 118B Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1143 118C Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1144 118D Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1145 118E Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1146 118F Cahuenga Pass West ...... 1147 119 Universal City Metro Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga ...... 1148 120A Weddington Park – South ...... 1149 120B Weddington Park – South ...... 1150 121 City View Lofts – South ...... 1151 122 City View Lofts – East ...... 1152 123 Toluca Estates ...... 1153 124 Toluca Lake ...... 1154 125 Lakeside Golf Course ...... 1155
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page vi WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV. Environmental Impact Analysis D. Visual Qualities
1. Introduction
This section describes the visual environment on the Project Site and in the surrounding areas and evaluates the potential impacts of the proposed Project to that visual environment. It considers the following two separate aspects of the visual environment:
Aesthetics (Visual Character): Aesthetics addresses the visual environment of the Project Site and how it relates to the overall visual environment of the surrounding area. Aesthetics deals with issues such as building height, mass and location, visual appearance, and the interfaces between the Project Site and the adjacent areas. These factors work to determine the “appearance” of the Project Site as observed from off-site areas.
Views: Views addresses accessibility to the valued visual resources that are visible in the areas surrounding the Project Site. Views can be focused on individual sights, such as a mountain peak, or may be panoramic, covering a wide field of view. Potential blockage or interruption of views of valued visual resources constitutes the key issue associated with this subject.
Due to the large size of the Project Site, and variability of on- and off-site topography, the Project Site can be seen from many existing vantage points. These include public vantage points (i.e., public streets, freeway corridors, and other publicly accessible locations such as public parks), and private vantage points (e.g., residences). Specific vantage point locations and corridors that were selected for analysis were identified from maps of both the surrounding street and freeway system and from field observations. For analytical purposes, the many vantage points from which the Project Site can be observed were grouped into 15 geographic areas sharing common characteristics with regard to distance from the Project Site, angle of view, and valued visual resources accessible from the identified locations. Each of these geographic areas was checked through a field survey to determine the vantage points from which the Project Site is visible. Once these various geographical areas were determined, photographs were taken that depict a sample view of the Project Site and surrounding areas that is available from each geographical area.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1039 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Existing development within the Project Site is visible from long distances, from many directions and from many different elevations. Because of this multiplicity of variables, it is not possible to document every conceivable location from which the Project Site can be seen. Therefore, the discussion that follows provides an analysis of the Project Site as it can be seen from each of the 15 geographic areas with views of the Project Site.
The visual character, and what valued visual resources may be seen, are described for each geographic area. For purposes of the analysis presented in this Section, a prominent feature is defined as one which clearly stands out from its surroundings (i.e., immediately captures the observer’s attention). For instance, a particularly large building adjacent to an open space area would be considered prominent. Other considerations utilized in the evaluation of the visual character of the Project Site include the existing structures, location and availability of open space and landscaped areas, and the density of development (i.e., separation between buildings).
2. Environmental Setting
a. Existing Regulatory Framework
(1) City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework
The Citywide General Plan Framework provides several broad goals, objectives, and policies for neighborhood design with the intent that they help create a livable city for existing and future residents and make the City more attractive for future investors. Within the Citywide General Plan Framework, these goals and policies are stated not in terms of specific design guidelines, but in terms of general neighborhood-wide design policies. These policies include enhancing the livability of all neighborhoods through well-designed buildings, creating safe and secure public spaces, and planning for attractive outdoor areas. Another Citywide General Plan Framework objective is to reinforce and encourage pedestrian-oriented neighborhood districts, community centers, and subareas within regional centers to serve as the focus of activity and investment for the community. The use of neighborhood design and the built environment to increase the personal safety of residents is also encouraged. Please refer to Section IV.A, Land Use Plans, for additional information regarding Project consistency with the policies and programs set forth in the City’s General Plan Framework Element.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1040 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(2) Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan
The Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan contains several objectives related to aesthetics and design. One of the key objectives of the Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan, concerning aesthetics and views, is “to preserve and enhance the varied and distinct residential character and integrity in existing single and multi-family neighborhoods.”77 This objective is designed to be achieved in part through policies that consider the compatibility of land uses and neighborhood character and identity. In addition to these considerations, the Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan seeks to preserve existing views in hillside areas through the implementation of the adopted Citywide Hillside Ordinance and the Mulholland Scenic Parkway Specific Plan.
Within the Urban Design chapter of the Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan, the primary goal is to ensure that residential, commercial, and industrial projects as well as public spaces and right-of-way incorporate elements of good design to promote stable, pleasant environments. In commercial corridors, the emphasis is on the visual continuity of the streetscape and creation of an environment that encourages pedestrian and economic activity. In multi-family residential projects, the chapter emphasizes the promotion of an architectural design that enhances the quality-of-life, living conditions, and neighborhood pride of the residents. The chapter contains policies that guide individual projects in terms of site planning and design, parking structure design, and landscaping. Multi-family residential projects are required to contain landscaped outdoor areas, use varied and complementary building façades, and create decorative walls to buffer parking uses from other areas. Please refer to Section IV.A, Land Use Plans, for additional information regarding Project consistency with the policies and programs set forth in the City’s Sherman Oaks-Studio City-Toluca Lake-Cahuenga Pass Community Plan.
b. Existing Visual Character of the Project Site
The Project Site is visually complex because of its (1) size; (2) range of topography; (3) pattern of land uses; and, (4) location in proximity to the foothills of the Santa Monica Mountains. These factors combine to make the Project Site visible from a large number of locations and angles of visibility.
77 City of Los Angeles, Sherman Oaks-Studio City-Toluca Lake-Cahuenga Pass Community Plan, Adopted May 13, 1998. City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1041 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
For purposes of this particular analysis, the Project Site has been divided into five (5) Visual Quality Areas, each of which possesses different and distinct visual patterns and characteristics (see Figure 98 on page 1108). The Visual Quality Areas are only intended as descriptive tools to help orient the reader and describe existing and future on-site visual conditions. Because of the wide range of visual features located within each Visual Quality Area, the following discussions focus on the visually noticeable features within each Visual Quality Area. For reference, Figure 98 on page 1108 includes the locations of the visually notable buildings within each Visual Quality Area and the elevation above mean sea level of the tops of these buildings. Clockwise from the northeastern corner of the Project Site, the Visual Quality Areas are described in the following paragraphs. To help orient the reader, Figures 99 and 100 on pages 1109 and 1110 provide a layout of the proposed City and County Sign Districts as set forth in the proposed City and County Specific Plans.
(1) North Back Lot Visual Quality Area
The North Back Lot Visual Quality Area is located in the northeastern corner of the Project Site and is generally characterized by studio/production facilities. This area includes frequently changing outdoor sets, generally consisting of low-rise (approximately 15 to 30 feet high) structures and facades. This Visual Quality Area generally corresponds with the northern portion of the proposed Mixed-Use Residential Area, and includes portions of the proposed Studio Area. Two exceptions to the generally low-rise structures found in the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area include the Lakeside Plaza office building and associated parking areas (located at the northeast corner of the Project Site at the intersection of Barham Boulevard and Lakeside Plaza Drive), which stands approximately 45 feet in height; and the Edith Head Building (located west of the Lakeside Plaza building at the northern edge of the Project Site), which stands approximately 40 feet in height. The southern portion of the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area consists of scattered outdoor sets and studio production remnants and debris, coupled with undeveloped vegetated areas of rolling topography. Aesthetically, this area would be characterized as lower intensity development with partially developed space used as locations for studio sets and production scraps.
(2) South Back Lot Visual Quality Area
The South Back Lot Visual Quality Area is located just south of the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area and corresponds to the southern portion of the proposed Mixed-Use Residential Area. This Visual Quality Area is sparsely developed and contains some areas with outdoor sets and storage areas. The predominant visual feature in the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area is Falls Lake, which is a man-made water feature (constructed for filming purposes) approximately 4.5 acres in size. Near Falls Lake is a large blue wall (approximately 185 feet wide and 3 stories in height) which is used as a backdrop for filming. A merchandise warehouse, the Psycho house, and the Bates Motel are also City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1042 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities located within the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area. Generally, the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area presents a visual image of an underdeveloped studio production and storage area.
(3) Entertainment Visual Quality Area
The Entertainment Visual Quality Area is located in the south-central portion of the Project Site and generally corresponds to that area described elsewhere in this Draft Environmental Impact Report as the Entertainment Area. The Entertainment Visual Quality Area consists of two main components: the Universal CityWalk retail and entertainment complex and the Universal Studios Hollywood theme park. Universal CityWalk is a mixed retail, restaurant, and entertainment area characterized by several low- to mid-rise structures and two visually noticeable (approximately 70-foot high) parking structures, the Curious George Garage and the Jurassic Parking Garage. A parking lot and landscaped slope are located south and west of Universal Hollywood Drive in the Entertainment Visual Quality Area.
Universal Studios Hollywood currently includes both enclosed and outdoor attractions, merchandising, food services and administrative support space. Universal Studios Hollywood presents a visual image of an outdoor entertainment area including scattered, non-uniform low-rise buildings, landscaped pedestrian walkways and outdoor stage and storage areas. The 72-foot tall The SimpsonsTM Ride attraction, a building located at the north edge of Universal Studios Hollywood, the Terminator 2 3D attraction and the Frankenstein Parking Garage, are structures that are especially noticeable from areas north and northwest of the Project Site. In addition, the StarWay escalator, which connects Universal Studios Hollywood to the Studio Visual Quality Area, is a visually noticeable feature from a variety of viewing angles.
(4) Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area
The Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area is located just west of the Studio Visual Quality Area and includes the narrow strip of property adjacent to Lankershim Boulevard, generally corresponding to the area referred to elsewhere in the Draft Environmental Impact Report as the Business Area. The Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area is characterized by high intensity urban development and presents an urban skyline to observers on and west of Lankershim Boulevard. This Visual Quality Area includes various mid-rise office buildings including the 103-foot high Carl Laemmle Building (which also extends east into the Studio Visual Quality Area) and the 185-foot in height Lew Wasserman Building.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1043 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(5) Studio Visual Quality Area
The Studio Visual Quality Area is located along the northwestern portion of the Project Site and generally corresponds to the area referred to elsewhere in this Draft EIR as the Studio Area. It is characterized by urban development including large studio sound stages and low- to mid-rise office buildings, and is highly developed. This Visual Quality Area is separated from the neighborhoods of Toluca Estates and Toluca Lake by the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel as well as by the Lakeside Golf Club in the case of Toluca Lake.
c. Existing Views - Areas Surrounding the Project Site
As noted in the introduction to this Section, the term “views” refers to accessibility to valued visual resources that are visible in the areas surrounding the Project Site. Depending upon the observer’s location, valued visual resources which may be visible across the Project Site include the Cahuenga Pass/Cahuenga Foothills within the Santa Monica Mountains to the south/southwest of the Project Site; additional areas of the Santa Monica Mountains to the east of the Project Site (including Cahuenga Peak); and the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains to the north/northwest of the Project Site. The visual resources available from each geographic area are described below in Subsection 2.d.
d. Existing Visual Character of Project Site and Views from Off-Site Geographic Areas
Within the 15 geographic areas analyzed, the specific vantage points chosen from within each of these areas are representative of how the visual character of the Project Site and surrounding valued visual resources are presently perceived from that geographic area. The following discusses the general attributes of the visual character and visual resources available from each geographic area.
There is a relationship between topography surrounding the Project Site (in particular, elevation) and distance from the Project Site, and the corresponding available views of the Project area. In general, as elevation increases, distance from the Project Site also increases, effectively increasing the panorama of the available view and the range of available valued visual resources. As elevation decreases, distance to the Project Site generally decreases with the corresponding effect of limiting the field of view and thereby the range of accessible valued visual resources. At particularly low elevations, in general, only highly prominent resources have the potential to be seen. Because of undulations in topography and/or intervening structures and landscaping, these relationships do not apply in all cases.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1044 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
The characteristic views available from the 15 geographic areas included in this analysis were documented through a collection of photographs. The locations and corridors from which portions of the Project Site are visible and which were selected for analysis are shown in Figure 101 on page 1111. Corresponding photographs (and, later in the impact analysis portion of this Section, photo simulations that are existing view photos with simulated proposed buildings) have been numbered to match the viewpoint photo locations. The specific viewpoint photo locations were identified by examining USGS topographic maps, aerial photographs of the area, and extensive field surveys. Additional photographs that depict representative views available from within these geographic areas are also included.78 An aerial photograph depicting viewpoint photo locations is also included for reference as Figure 102 on page 1112.
The 15 geographic areas addressed in this analysis include the following:
Barham Boulevard Corridor – South;
Barham Boulevard Corridor – North;
Forest Lawn Drive – West;
Oakwood Garden Apartments;
Hollywood Manor;
Hollywood Knolls;
Mulholland Ridge;
Cahuenga Pass East;
Cahuenga Pass West;
Universal City Metro Red Line Station & Campo de Cahuenga;
Weddington Park (South);
City View Lofts/Island;
Toluca Estates;
Toluca Lake; and
78 These photographs are intended to depict the general perception of the Project Site's visual resources and general views from public and private vantage points. They were, however, collected from locations along public streets and pedestrian ways. City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1045 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Lakeside Golf Club.
The following discusses the general visual character of the Project Site and surrounding areas, as well as the valued visual resources beyond the Project Site that are visible from the geographic areas. Specifically, the discussion of each geographic area is broken into two parts, Visual Character and Views of Valued Visual Resources.
The discussion provided below addresses the 15 geographic areas in a clockwise order, beginning at the northeastern corner and eastern side of the Project Site.
(1) Barham Boulevard Corridor - South
Barham Boulevard is a four lane major roadway that runs along the eastern side of the Project Site. Because of the varying topography, orientation of the roadway, and development in the area, the visual character and valued visual resources visible from this geographic area vary considerably. As shown in Figures 103 through 105 on pages 1113 through 1115, most vantage points from this geographic area would be from motor vehicles traveling north or south on Barham Boulevard. The following sections describe the changing visual character and views as one travels south on Barham Boulevard from the northeastern edge of the Project Site north of the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel to the southeastern edge of the Project Site near the Hollywood Freeway.
(a) Visual Character
For vehicles traveling south towards the Project Site from Pass/Olive Avenue and the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel, the overall visual character is one of a major roadway with the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel, commercial development and scattered trees and small ornamental shrubs directly visible in the foreground and middle ground on both sides of the roadway. The Santa Monica Mountains east of the Project Site are also visible in the middle ground. Long-range views of the ridgelines within the Cahuenga Pass West neighborhood and the Santa Monica Mountains and portions of the tops of on-site buildings situated along the northern side of the Project Site are also visible in the distant periphery to the southwest. With regard to the Project Site itself, portions of the Edith Head Building and the Lakeside Plaza office building located in the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area are visible when facing south from this vantage point as shown in Figure 103 on page 1113. From this vantage point, the Project Site encompasses approximately half of the available field of view. As views from this vantage point are predominantly those from motor vehicles, the views are temporary in nature, and are partially blocked by existing on-site development near the vantage point (e.g., Edith Head Building and the Lakeside Plaza office building).
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1046 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Traveling further south, near the intersection with Lakeside Plaza Drive/Forest Lawn Drive, the foreground is of vegetation along both sides of Barham Boulevard and Lakeside Plaza Drive. A transportation parking lot and the Lakeside Plaza office building located in the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area are also visible beyond the vegetation. A childcare center and underdeveloped hillside are visible in the middle ground on the Project Site. Buildings situated along the northern side of the Project Site in the Entertainment Visual Quality Area are also visible in the periphery to the southwest. From this vantage point, the Project Site is within approximately half of the available viewshed when traveling south.
As shown in Figures 104 and 105 on pages 1114 and 1115, starting at Lakeside Plaza Drive and traveling to Craig Drive, the visual character of this geographic area changes to include mostly trees and shrubs and limited signage along the edges of the curving Barham Boulevard roadway at varying topographic elevations. (Note that the visual character and views available from the Oakwood Garden Apartments is discussed below under Section 2.4.d(a)). Vehicles traveling south along Barham Boulevard are afforded peripheral views of the Project Site. The portions of the Project Site with Barham Boulevard frontage are primarily covered with brush and trees. The Project Site itself makes up approximately half of the viewshed for much of this vantage point.
The Project Site cannot be seen when traveling south between Craig Drive and Blair Drive as the existing ridgeline and the Hollywood Manor area block middle ground and background views of and toward the Project Site from Barham Boulevard. In addition, the variation in topography limits middle ground and background views toward the Project Site.
The visual character of this geographic area changes again considerably from just south of Blair Drive to the Hollywood Freeway. This segment of Barham Boulevard is characterized by a variety of commercial and multi-family structures and signage in the foreground, the approach to the Hollywood Freeway in the middle ground, and the ridgelines of the Cahuenga Pass East neighborhood in the background. The southeastern corner of the Project Site is visible just south of Blair Drive and is characterized by dense vegetation, sloping topography and a sign at the corner of Barham Boulevard and Buddy Holly Drive.
The portion of Barham Boulevard between the Hollywood Freeway and Forest Lawn Drive is designated as a Major Scenic Highway II in the City’s Sherman Oaks-Studio City- Toluca Lake-Cahuenga Pass Community Plan, as well as within the City’s General Plan Transportation Element.79 Chapter six of the Transportation Element describes the
79 City of Los Angeles, City Planning Department, Sherman Oaks-Studio City-Toluca Lake-Cahuenga Pass Community Plan, General Plan Land Use Map, April 12, 2006, and City of Los Angeles General Plan Transportation Element, Map E, Scenic Highways, June 1998. City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1047 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities selection criteria for scenic highways as including an arterial street or state highway, which either (a) traverses area(s) of natural scenic quality in undeveloped or sparsely developed areas of the City, or (b) traverses urban area(s) of cultural, historical, or aesthetic value, which merit protection and enhancement. Since the area in which Barham Boulevard travels contains views of both natural and urban elements (e.g., urban development along portions of Barham Boulevard itself as well as north of the Project Site within the City of Burbank) and the Community Plan provides no indication as to why Barham Boulevard was designated as a scenic highway, it is concluded that the highway was chosen for its views of the Cahuenga Pass when traveling south and the San Fernando Valley area and Verdugo Mountains when traveling north. Specifically, potential features which are likely to have contributed to the scenic highway designation include views of the Cahuenga Pass area (while traveling south on Barham Boulevard) and views of the Verdugo Mountains as well as long-range views across the San Fernando Valley (while traveling north on Barham Boulevard). Development along both sides of the northern segment of Barham Boulevard frames the scenic resource, as viewed from the roadway.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As mentioned above, most vantage points from this geographic area would be from the roadway while traveling on Barham Boulevard. There are no foreground views of valued visual resources from this geographic area. For the segment of this geographic area where Pass/Olive Avenue turns into Barham Boulevard, to the southwest is a long- range view towards and across the Project Site in the direction of the ridgelines within the Cahuenga Pass West neighborhood. However, this view is temporary and on the periphery of the viewshed as one crosses the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel. As one moves further south on Barham Boulevard the street begins to travel upward to a higher elevation, thereby limiting potential roadway views of the Santa Monica Mountains until one is towards the southern portion of the Project Site where the Santa Monica Mountains come into view. For southern-facing roadway vantage points, the ridgelines of the Santa Monica Mountains that come into view at the southeastern end of the Project Site are considered the valued visual resource from this geographic area.
(2) Barham Boulevard Corridor – North
As with Barham Boulevard Corridor – South, most vantage points from Barham Boulevard Corridor – North would be from motor vehicles traveling north on Barham Boulevard. The following sections describe the changing visual character and views as one travels north on Barham Boulevard from the southeastern edge of the Project Site near the Hollywood Freeway to the northeastern edge near the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1048 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(a) Visual Character
Similar to the Barham Boulevard Corridor – South geographic area, traveling north from the Hollywood Freeway to Blair Drive, views in a westerly direction towards the Project Site are limited to the existing signage at the corner with Buddy Holly Drive and the densely vegetated slope. The visual character of the surrounding area is one of commercial and multi-family structures, signage, and the varying topography of the Hollywood Knolls and Hollywood Manor neighborhoods. The Project Site occupies almost half of the available viewshed from this vantage point.
The Project Site cannot be seen when traveling north between Blair Drive and Craig Drive as the existing ridgeline and the Hollywood Manor area block middle ground and background views of and toward the Project Site from Barham Boulevard. As shown in Figure 106 on page 1116, the variation in topography limit middle ground and background views of the Project Site.
As shown in Figure 107 on page 1117, from Craig Drive until the slope south of the existing childcare center, mostly trees and shrubs with limited signage are visible along the edges of Barham Boulevard. The portions of the Project Site with Barham Boulevard frontage are primarily covered with brush and trees. As Barham Boulevard moves downward, descending into the valley, depending on the orientation of the roadway, the Verdugo Mountains, San Fernando Valley and high-rise office buildings in the City of Burbank become visible in the background. The Project Site is within approximately one- third of the available viewshed when traveling north on Barham Boulevard from this vantage point.
From just south of Lakeside Plaza Drive, the northeastern corner of the Project Site comes into view. This area is characterized by trees and shrubs along the edge of Barham Boulevard, with the child care center, transportation lot and Lakeside Plaza office buildings partially visible beyond the landscaping. High-rise structures in the City of Burbank and the Verdugo Mountains are visible in the background. From Lakeside Plaza Drive to the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel, there are limited available views in the direction of the northeastern corner of the Project Site. As such, from this perspective mostly the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and landscaping are visible in a westerly direction towards the Project Site. To the north and east of the Project Site at-grade landscaping, coupled with trees in the foreground and a mixture of off-site structures and uses in the background and on the periphery, including Warner Bros studios, are visible. The Project Site is within approximately one-half of the available viewshed from this vantage point.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1049 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As with the Barham Boulevard Corridor – South geographic area, most view locations in the Barham Boulevard Corridor – North would be from roadway vantage points while traveling north on Barham Boulevard. Distant long-range views of the Verdugo Mountains and across the San Fernando Valley are available in the background from segments of Barham Boulevard northbound. There are no available foreground or middle ground views of valued visual resources, as most resources are located at a great distance away from this geographic area. Accordingly, the Verdugo Mountains and the San Fernando Valley would be considered the valued visual resources from Barham Boulevard facing north.
(3) Forest Lawn Drive - West
Forest Lawn Drive is a four lane major roadway that runs east/west between the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and the base of the Santa Monica Mountains. On the west, Forest Lawn Drive terminates at the intersection with Barham Boulevard. West of Barham Boulevard, Forest Lawn Drive becomes Lakeside Plaza Drive and is a private entrance into the northeast corner of the Project Site. As shown in Figure 108 on page 1118, most vantage points from this geographic area would be from motor vehicles traveling west on Forest Lawn Drive. Vehicles traveling east would be oriented away from the Project Site and would not have views of or beyond the Project Site.
Forest Lawn Drive is designated as a Major Scenic Highway II in the City’s General Plan Transportation Element. As stated above, the Transportation Element describes the selection criteria for scenic highways as including natural scenic qualities in undeveloped or sparsely developed areas of the City, or urban area(s) of cultural, historical, or aesthetic value, which merit protection and enhancement. The Community Plan provides no indication as to why Forest Lawn Drive was designated as a scenic highway. Based on its surroundings, it is concluded that Forest Lawn Drive was chosen for its views when traveling east, which are of a sparsely developed area and are framed by the Santa Monica Mountains to the south and the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel to the north.
(a) Visual Character
For vehicles traveling west towards the Project Site along Forest Lawn Drive, the overall visual character is one of a major roadway with low-rise commercial development and scattered trees and small ornamental shrubs directly visible in the foreground and middle ground on both sides of the roadway. Portions of the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area, including the studio gate, transportation lot and Lakeside Plaza office building are visible. The Project Site is within approximately two-thirds of the available viewshed when
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1050 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities traveling west on Forest Lawn Drive approaching Barham Boulevard. Vehicles traveling east are oriented away from and have no views of the Project Site.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As shown in Figure 108 on page 1118, most view locations form this geographic area would be from roadway vantage points while traveling west on Forest Lawn Drive. When facing towards the Project Site, there are no available views of valued visual resources. The existing development at the intersection of Barham Boulevard and Forest Lawn Drive and nearby vegetation is currently the more noticeable contributor to the available field of view when facing west from this geographic area.
(4) Oakwood Garden Apartments
(a) Visual Character
Along the east side of Barham Boulevard, north of Craig Drive and south of Lakeside Plaza Drive/Forest Lawn Drive, is the Oakwood Garden Apartments consisting of approximately 1,150 rental apartment units within a number of individual apartment buildings. Barham Boulevard separates this gated development from the northeastern portion of the Project Site. As the Oakwood Garden Apartments are located on the west face of the hillside east of Barham Boulevard, many apartments, common areas, and roadways within this development have mostly northwest-facing long-range (or background) views towards and across the Project Site. However, as seen in Figure 109 on page 1119, there are also large strands of mature pine trees situated within the Oakwood site itself that prevent many areas of the Oakwood Garden Apartments from having long-range views. As such, the visual character of this geographic area is mainly the apartment complex itself with scattered vegetation and mature trees throughout. As most of the Oakwood site is located at a higher elevation and greater distance from the Project Site, the Project Site is less prominent from this geographic area, as it blends with surrounding development and topography. The Project Site makes up less than half of the available viewshed from within the Oakwood Garden Apartments, while the remaining portion of available views consist of the San Fernando Valley, areas to the west of the Project Site, and the Oakwood Garden Apartments themselves.
Most vantage points within the Oakwood Garden Apartments would not be afforded a direct line of sight in a westerly direction towards the Project Site, as the existing network of roadways and the orientation of the buildings within the complex would allow only intermittent or peripheral westerly views. From those limited Oakwood locations that can see the Project Site, the visual character is of a working studio (e.g., a large surface parking lot, a part of which is used for vehicle storage, the Lakeside Plaza office building,
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1051 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities the Edith Head building, and studio buildings further to the west in the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area). South of the surface parking lot the Project Site’s visual character changes to hillside with groundcover, trees, and a child care center located atop this hillside.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
When facing in a westerly direction towards the Project Site, the locations from which views are available from the Oakwood Garden Apartments are limited due to the large stands of mature pine trees scattered throughout the Oakwood site that are taller than the horizon line. However, the Oakwood buildings at the highest elevations, which are also the buildings furthest away from the Project Site, have direct line of sight views oriented to the northwest towards the Verdugo Mountains, City of Burbank, and the San Fernando Valley, of which some of these views cross the Project Site. No foreground or middle ground views of visual resources are available, as most valued view resources are located at a great distance away from this geographic area. As such, the Verdugo Mountains and the San Fernando Valley would be considered the prominent valued visual resources as viewed from those areas within the Oakwood Garden Apartments that have views.
(5) Hollywood Manor
The Hollywood Manor residential area is located immediately to the east of the Project Site, directly adjacent to the North and South Back Lot Visual Quality Areas of the Project Site. As such, the Hollywood Manor area is located between the Project Site and Barham Boulevard. The Hollywood Manor area is comprised of approximately 230 one- to three-story, single-family homes, many of whose building pads vary in base elevation due to the area’s undulating topography. As shown in Figures 110 and 111 on pages 1120 and 1121, wide varieties of visual quality conditions occur due to the varying topography and orientation of the residences and roadways within this area.
Overall, this neighborhood has extensive strands of mature trees and shrubbery. The topography and landscaping serve to limit views outside of the neighborhood and separate the available field of views into several visually distinct viewsheds. Of particular note in this regard is a generally north-south trending ridgeline, which parallels the eastern edge of the Project Site, dividing the neighborhood with consideration to views in the direction of the Project Site. Specifically, approximately two-thirds of the homes within the Hollywood Manor area are located on the easterly side of this ridgeline. Thus, these homes do not possess a view towards the Project Site, as they are on the far side of the ridgeline, and the ridgeline itself blocks any potential views toward the Project Site. Approximately 80 homes have potential views of or in the direction of the Project Site.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1052 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Near the southern tip of the Hollywood Manor geographic area approximately 25 of the 80 homes have existing southerly views of and over the southeastern corner of the Project Site. These views vary in angle and degree of view due to intervening topography and the layout of neighboring residences. Continuing further north within the Hollywood Manor neighborhood, roughly 40 of the 80 homes have westerly views in the direction of the Project Site, but are limited due to the presence of heavy landscaping, trees, and overall orientation of nearby residences, as shown in Figure 111 on page 1121. Approximately 12 of the 40 residences that have westerly views are located on the western side of Blair Drive and have direct, although potentially intermittent views, in a westerly direction towards the Project Site and proposed Mixed-Use Residential Area, as represented in Figure 110 on page 1120. This view is also available from a limited segment of Blair Drive. Near the northern tip of this geographic area, there are roughly 15 homes that have existing north to northwesterly views that are mainly long-range distant views over the Project Site in the direction of the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains.
(a) Visual Character
The following describes the variability in visual character in the portion of Hollywood Manor that includes approximately 80 homes with views that start at the southeastern corner of the Hollywood Manor area and continues northward.
The southern portion of the Hollywood Manor area, located on the north side of Blair Drive just east of Barham Boulevard, is situated slightly upslope from the Project Site. Limited views of the Project Site in a southerly direction are available to these approximately 25 homes and those views are generally obstructed due to heavy vegetation and fencing. The visual character of the area as seen from this geographic area is one of a hillside residential area with limited sight lines over the southeastern corner of the Project Site. As the elevation increases, the residences have increasing panoramic views over the Project Site to the Cahuenga Pass East area and its ridgeline as well as down the Cahuenga Pass itself towards Hollywood.
Continuing north, roughly 40 homes have potential views towards the Project Site from varying vantage points. As shown in Figure 111 on page 1121, views from roadways within this area are mostly intermittent in nature through existing tree lines and vegetation but do occasionally include background views across the Project Site towards the Verdugo Mountains and San Fernando Valley. Within this area, there are limited locations that have direct visual access towards the Project Site (roughly 12 homes and a segment of Blair Drive), as illustrated in Figure 110 on page 1120. The visual character of the Project Site from these locations is one of a studio production and storage area in the foreground, transitioning to the Entertainment Visual Quality Area (e.g., Universal CityWalk) in the middle ground. Long-range views consist of off-site buildings (e.g., 10 Universal City Plaza City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1053 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities and hotels), the Cahuenga Pass East ridgeline, and views across the San Fernando Valley. From these locations with views of the Project Site, the Project Site itself makes up roughly two-thirds of the available view, with the remaining views to areas north and west of the Project Site.
In the northernmost portion of the Hollywood Manor area roughly 15 homes have views over the Project Site and toward the Verdugo Mountains; however, this area is separated from the Project Site by adjacent houses, roadways and vegetation, which defines the visual character as seen from this portion of the Hollywood Manor area. The City of Burbank is also visible in a northerly direction to the north of the Project Site. The Project Site itself makes up approximately two-thirds of the available viewshed from this area. Of those locations that have views in a westerly direction toward the Project Site, adjacent residences, topography and off-site vegetation define the foreground views from this area, and in so doing, obscure much of the South and North Back Lot Visual Quality Areas, as viewed from this portion of the Hollywood Manor area. Middle ground views of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area are available, particularly the Jurassic and Curious George Parking Garages and the adjacent surface parking lot.
It should be noted that although many of the homes within this geographic area are defined by the direction of their view, there are some residential structures that afford views in varying directions to the north, west, and south. For analysis purposes, the homes are grouped according to their location and most general view towards the Project Site.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Residences located on the eastern side of the ridgeline that traverses the middle of the Hollywood Manor area do not currently possess any long range views across the Project Site because such views are blocked by the existing ridgeline and the homes located therein. Approximately 80 homes have potential views of or in the direction of the Project Site. Roughly 25 homes situated near the southern tip of the Hollywood Manor area have views in a southerly direction. As the elevation increases in this area, the residences have increasing panoramic views over the Project Site to the Cahuenga Pass East area and its ridgeline as well as down the Cahuenga Pass itself towards Hollywood. As such, the valued visual resource from this location would be the Cahuenga Pass foothills.
For roughly 40 homes in this area of Hollywood Manor with potential westerly views across the Project Site, several different viewing perspectives are available. From some of the lower elevation locations within this area, the valued view resource is a portion of the Cahuenga Pass foothills in the background. From middle elevation locations not blocked by vegetation, depending on the orientation of the viewing location itself, the available view generally ranges from the Cahuenga Pass neighborhoods on the southwest to panoramic City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1054 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities views of the San Fernando Valley and the Verdugo Mountains to the northwest and north. Views of the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains are shown in Figure 110 on page 1120.
From the northern portion and also the highest elevations in Hollywood Manor, a longer range view across the Project Site to the north and west is available, encompassing a portion of the Cahuenga Pass West neighborhoods and panoramic views of the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains beyond the Entertainment Visual Quality Area. As such, the valued visual resources, as viewed from the Hollywood Manor geographic area, would consist of the Verdugo Mountains, the San Fernando Valley and the Cahuenga Pass foothills.
(6) Hollywood Knolls
(a) Visual Character
The Hollywood Knolls residential area is located to the east of Barham Boulevard, south of the Oakwood Garden Apartments and is further separated from the Project Site by the Hollywood Manor area to the west. The Hollywood Knolls area consists primarily of one- and two-story homes located within hillside areas of varying topography. There are also large areas of undeveloped land within the Hollywood Knolls area.
As the Hollywood Knolls area is located at a higher elevation and greater distance from the Project Site, the Project Site blends with surrounding development and topography. Views from the Hollywood Knolls area are mostly situated in a westerly direction towards and across the Project Site. Considerable vegetation and the residences within the Hollywood Knolls area itself as well as the Hollywood Manor area that is located between Hollywood Knolls and the Project Site define the visual character within the foreground. The visual character within the middle ground is limited to the tops of the taller buildings within the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, (e.g., Universal CityWalk, the Jurassic and Curious George Parking Garages, and The SimpsonsTM Ride Building). The westerly views contain portions of the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area (see Figure 112A on page 1122, , and Figure 113 on page 1128, Hollywood Knolls). The long-range visual character is defined by long-range panoramic views of the Verdugo Mountains and San Fernando Valley. On an overall basis (see Figures 112A and 113, Hollywood Knolls), the visual character of the Hollywood Knolls area is one of off-site vegetation and residences in the foreground and long-range views of the Verdugo Mountains and San Fernando Valley, with Project Site buildings contributing little to defining the visual character from this geographic area. The Project Site makes up approximately one-third of the available northwesterly to westerly viewshed.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1055 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As noted above, long range views of valued visual resources are intermittent in the Hollywood Knolls area due to various large stands of mature trees within the area itself. However, the homes at the highest elevations within the area have views to the west and northwest towards the Verdugo Mountains, Cahuenga Foothills, and the San Fernando Valley. Locations that have south to southwesterly long-range panoramic views see the ridgeline atop the Cahuenga Pass East and West areas. There are no available foreground or middle ground views of valued visual resources, as most resources are located at a great distance away from this geographic area. As such, the Verdugo Mountains, Cahuenga Pass ridgeline, and the San Fernando Valley are considered the valued visual resources as seen from vantage points from the Hollywood Knolls geographic area.
(7) Mulholland Ridge
(a) Visual Character
The Mulholland Ridge area, which includes the Universal City Overlook on Mulholland Drive, is located south of the Project Site at the top and just below the top of the Cahuenga Pass Foothills. As the Mulholland Ridge area is located on a north facing hillside and at the highest elevation, the visual character from this geographic area is defined by the vegetation and residences within the area itself quickly transitioning, due to changes in topography, to expansive panoramic views of the San Fernando Valley against a backdrop formed by the Verdugo Mountains. Cahuenga Peak is also highly prominent from the Mulholland Ridge area. Because the Mulholland Ridge area is located at a higher elevation (approximately 1,100-1,200 feet above mean sea level) from the Project Site and distant (approximately 0.5 miles) from the Project Site, the Project Site is less distinguished from this perspective, as it blends with surrounding development and topography (see Figure 114A on page 1129). Although the Project Site is not particularly distinguishable from surrounding off-site areas when viewed from the Mulholland Ridge area, the visual character of the Project Site from this geographic area is defined by portions of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, particularly the Curious George Parking Garage, with intermittent views of the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area, which makes up less than one-third of the available viewshed from locations within this geographic area. Roadway vantage points from this geographic area would not be afforded direct lines of sight towards the Project Site, as the existing roadway network forces views away from the Project Site, thus leaving only peripheral views toward the Project Site which are temporary in nature.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1056 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Due to its elevated location and relative distance from the Project Site, the Mulholland Ridge area has long-range background panoramic views over the Project Site across the San Fernando Valley and towards the Verdugo Mountains. There are currently no foreground views of valued visual resources from this geographic area. As such, the valued visual resource as viewed from this area would be the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains to the north and over the Project Site.
(8) Cahuenga Pass East
Within the east-central portions of the Cahuenga Pass neighborhood (i.e., north of Woodrow Wilson Drive in the vicinity of Passmore and Oakshire Drives), intermittent views are focused mostly in a northerly direction towards the Project Site across the Hollywood Freeway, with many view lines (both middle ground and background views) limited by widely varying off-site topography and vegetation. Irregular views are also available in an easterly and westerly direction towards off-site residential and commercial land uses surrounding the Project Site. The existing foreground visual environment from this area is of the neighborhood itself. Similar to the Mulholland Ridge geographic area, as this area is located at a higher elevation and greater distance (approximately 0.5 miles) from the Project Site, the Project Site is less noticeable from this perspective and blends with surrounding development and topography. As shown in Figures 115A through 117 on pages 1132 through 1141, this area provides northerly sight lines from a range of elevations, including high, mid and low elevation areas as discussed in detail below.
(a) Visual Character
The overall visual character from the higher elevation areas within Cahuenga Pass East consists of view corridors of the Project Site, the San Fernando Valley, Cahuenga Pass, and off-site residential and commercial areas to the west and east of the Project Site. Views from the roadway are only afforded brief glimpses in a northern direction. As a result, the Project Site itself comprises approximately one-third of the available visual context within the higher elevation areas of Cahuenga Pass East. Views from residences at these higher elevations are generally directed in a northerly sight line over the Project Site, across the San Fernando Valley and towards the Verdugo Mountains, as shown in Figure 115A on page 1132. Portions of the Project Site are visible in the middle ground to the north within the visual environment framed by the eastern San Fernando Valley and surrounding Verdugo Mountains in the background. Specifically, the buildings within the Entertainment Visual Quality Area are visible from this perspective, as are some of the buildings within the Lankershim Frontage and Studio Visual Quality Areas (including the Carl Laemmle Building and the Lew Wasserman Building). A surface parking lot directly west of Hotel Drive can also be observed from this location.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1057 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
As illustrated in Figures 116A through 116C on pages 1138 through 1140, as elevation decreases to the mid-level locations within Cahuenga Pass East and distance to the Project Site generally decreases, the views over and across the Project Site in a northerly direction tend to diminish when compared to the higher elevation locations within the Cahuenga Pass East area. As such, the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, Studio Visual Quality Area (particularly the Carl Laemmle Building) and the hillside south of Universal Hollywood Drive occupy more of the field of view. In addition to views toward the Project Site, mid level locations within this area are also afforded views to areas east and west of the Project Site, which helps to define the overall visual character of the area. Overall, the Project Site is within approximately one-half of the available viewshed within the mid-level areas of Cahuenga Pass East.
Another mid-level elevation view is provided from areas along the Lone Place/Bonnie Hill Drive area. From this area, which is representative of a limited number of vantage points within this neighborhood, a view in a northerly direction of the eastern portion of the Project Site is available. With the view framed by the Jurassic Parking Garage and Universal CityWalk on the left and the Hollywood Manor area on the right, the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area is visible in the middle ground. From this perspective, the perception of the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area is of a vegetated slope across the Hollywood Freeway with various at-grade signage covering the south-facing hillside. Views of the northern portions of the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area in the background are not available from this portion of Cahuenga Pass East.
From the lower elevation perspectives illustrated in Figure 117 on page 1141, foreground views are of commercial development along Cahuenga Boulevard for the lowest elevation locations, transitioning to vegetation and residences as the elevation increases. Although not visually distinguishable, the Project Site occupies a large part of the middle ground views, with long-range views limited to Cahuenga Peak. Overall, the visual character as seen from this location is of pockets of low-scale development along Cahuenga Boulevard and the Hollywood Freeway connected by vegetation. The Entertainment Visual Quality Area in the middle ground view begins to be blocked by intervening off-site topography in the foreground (i.e., the hillside south of Universal Hollywood Drive). As a result, the Project Site itself makes up approximately one-third of the available viewshed from the lower elevation perspectives. Overall, from the lower elevation perspective within Cahuenga Pass East, the visual character of the Project Site is of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, particularly portions of Universal CityWalk and the Curious George Parking Garage. In addition, the surface parking lot west of Hotel Drive is more clearly visible while the Studio and Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Areas are no longer visible. As elevation decreases, views of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area are replaced by views of the Hollywood Freeway and the vegetated hillside south/southwest of Universal Hollywood Drive.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1058 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As noted above, the Cahuenga Pass East area includes view perspectives from high, mid and low elevations. From the higher elevations, there are long-range views of the San Fernando Valley, Verdugo Mountains, and Cahuenga Peak beyond the Project Site to the north (please see Figures 115A through 117 on pages 1132 through 1141 for a representative sample).
As elevation decreases to the mid-levels, the mountains remain visible but the panoramic view of the valley diminishes as existing development within the Project Site in the middle ground occupies this portion of the viewshed. From the middle elevation areas, a somewhat obstructed field of view is available through the South Back Lot and North Back Lot Visual Quality Areas to the San Fernando Valley. Views looking in a northeasterly direction past the Hollywood Manor area toward Cahuenga Peak are also available.
From the lower elevation perspectives within the Cahuenga Pass East neighborhood, available Verdugo Mountain background views become less prominent as they are replaced by development along Cahuenga Boulevard, the Hollywood Freeway corridor, and the Project Site. At elevations below approximately 740 feet above mean sea level, the Project Site and adjacent high-rise structures occupy virtually all of the available field of view.
As such, the valued visual resources as viewed from within Cahuenga Pass East are the Verdugo Mountains, the San Fernando Valley and portions of Cahuenga Peak.
(9) Cahuenga Pass West
(a) Visual Character
The Cahuenga Pass West area, similar to the Cahuenga Pass East area, is a north facing hillside residential area, with north and northeasterly sight lines from a range of elevations, including high, mid, and low elevations. Views are not available to the south or west, due to existing topography and the overall layout of the neighborhood. The existing visual character in the foreground from this area is of the Cahuenga Pass West area itself, with many view lines (both middle ground and background views) limited by widely varying off-site topography and vegetation.
The visual character as seen from the low elevation perspective is defined by commercial development along Ventura and Cahuenga Boulevards, the Hollywood Freeway that is elevated in this area, and the off-site high-rise buildings located southwest of the Project Site. As the elevation increases, the extent of the field of view opens up with City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1059 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities panoramic views available from the higher elevation areas. From this geographic area the overall visual character within the available viewshed is one that is urbanized in nature with low-rise buildings interspersed with landscaping and high-rise buildings adjacent to the southwest portion of the Project Site. Against this foreground and middle ground perspective is a long-range backdrop of Cahuenga Peak towards the northeast transitioning to views of the San Fernando Valley and the Verdugo Mountains to the north. Within this overall viewshed, the Project Site makes up about half of the available viewshed.
As Cahuenga Pass West is located at a higher elevation from the Project Site, the Project Site is less noticeable from this perspective, as it blends with surrounding development and topography. From Cahuenga Pass West, the Project Site’s visual character is generally defined by the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, particularly portions of Universal CityWalk and the Curious George Parking Garage, with intermittent views of the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area. From lower and middle elevation vantage points, portions of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area including the Universal CityWalk area are visible behind the off-site high-rise buildings adjacent to the southwestern corner of the Project Site. The landscaped hillside area south of Universal Hollywood Drive provides contrast between the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, Hollywood Freeway, and the high-rise area adjacent to the Project Site to the southwest. From some of the higher elevation perspectives, views toward the Project Site include more of the Entertainment and Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Areas (please see Figures 118A through 118F on pages 1142 through 1147). In addition, the Studio Visual Quality Area becomes increasingly visible from the mid to higher elevation perspectives.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As noted above, the Cahuenga Pass West area includes view perspectives from high, mid and low elevations. From the high and middle elevation areas, views of Cahuenga Peak, the San Fernando Valley and the Verdugo Mountains are prominent in the background. From the lower elevations within this geographic area, a relatively wide available field of view includes limited background views of the Verdugo Mountains to the north/northeast and San Fernando Valley beyond the Project Site to the west and north. The views of mountain and valley resources are not as expansive from the lower elevations of the neighborhood as they are from the higher elevation areas. From this lower elevation, the most prominent views are of the middle ground off-site high-rise buildings immediately adjacent to the Project Site. As such, the valued visual resource as viewed from this geographic area would be the Verdugo Mountains, the San Fernando Valley and portions of Cahuenga Peak.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1060 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(10) Universal City Metro Red Line Station & Campo de Cahuenga
(a) Visual Character
The Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga are located near the corner of Lankershim Boulevard and Campo de Cahuenga Way, west of the Project Site (i.e., across Lankershim Boulevard). The visual character of the area towards the Project Site is of an urbanized commercial and business center characterized by streetscape landscaping in front of a series of mid-rise buildings and adjacent high-rise office and hotel buildings and the nearby Hollywood Freeway (see Figure 119 on page 1148). From this geographic area, no background or middle ground views in an easterly direction are available, as the Project Site’s Lankershim Frontage and Studio Visual Quality Areas define the visual character for the immediate foreground to the east. As a result, the Project Site itself is approximately half of the available visual experience available from this locale. The Carl Laemmle Building and the Lew Wasserman Building are the most noticeable Project Site features from this geographic area. The Hollywood Freeway, which is elevated in this area, borders the southern edge of this geographic area and visually and physically separates it from areas to the south. Views situated in a northerly and southerly direction are only down Lankershim Boulevard. Middle ground views in a westerly direction towards Weddington Park (South) are also available and make up the half of the available visual character of the Universal City Metro Red Line Station/Campo de Cahuenga geographic area.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
When focusing the view in an easterly direction towards the Project Site, no views of valued resources are available from this geographic area across the Project Site.
(11) Weddington Park (South)
(a) Visual Character
Weddington Park (South), an approximately 2.2-acre neighborhood park, is located immediately west of the Universal City Metro Red Line Station/Campo de Cahuenga area, just south of the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and City View Lofts apartments, and north of the Hollywood Freeway. Weddington Park (South) includes open space green areas for various recreational activities and a baseball field situated near the western portion of the park.
In a primarily easterly direction towards the Project Site, Weddington Park (South) offers intermittent views of the Project Site beyond the Metro Park and Ride/Campo de
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1061 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Cahuenga area and Lankershim Boulevard (see Figure 120A on page 1149). Specifically the Lankershim Frontage and portions of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area and the Studio Visual Quality Areas are visible. Noticeable on-site buildings visible from some vantage points include the Lew Wasserman and Carl Laemmle buildings, and the Terminator 2 3D attraction atop the Frankenstein Parking Garage. Views of the remaining portions of the Project Site (i.e., North and South Back Lot Visual Quality Areas) from this geographic area are blocked either by on- and off-site vegetation or by existing Project Site structures. Some intermittent long-range views of a small portion of Cahuenga Peak and the Cahuenga Pass East neighborhood to the southeast are also available from some vantage points. The Project Site itself defines a large portion of the visual character of the area and makes up about half of the available view, with the remaining views being the park itself, the “Island” residential area to the north, and the elevated Hollywood Freeway to the south.
The visual character from inside of the park is of a pastoral setting with large maintained grass areas and large trees planted along the perimeter of the park, surrounded by residential development to the north, commercial development to the east and the freeway to the south. Buildings along Lankershim Boulevard within the Project Site can be seen through the trees with the portion of the Project Site north of the Lankershim Boulevard/Universal Hollywood Drive intersection as well as the high-rise building to the south more clearly visible as there are fewer trees to screen the views towards these areas. From park locations near Lankershim Boulevard, the visual character is of an urbanized commercial area characterized by mid- and high-rise buildings located behind noticeable amounts of streetscape landscaping.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
From Weddington Park (South), as mentioned above, views looking east towards the Project Site consist mostly of the Project Site and off-site mid- and high-rise buildings intermixed with landscaping, and intermittent long-range views of the Santa Monica Foothills in the background, including a small portion of Cahuenga Peak. While a portion of Cahuenga Peak can be seen from various vantage points within the park, the further north one travels within the park, the more intermittent the background view of Cahuenga Peak becomes. To the northeast, City View Lofts, a four-story multi-family residential development situated at the northwest corner of Lankershim Boulevard and Valleyheart Drive, obscures northeasterly views, while the Island residential area obscures views to the north. To the southeast, views are obstructed by the vegetation and varying topography within the park itself, and do not allow a long-range view to areas outside of the park. To the south, views are obstructed by the elevated Hollywood Freeway. There are no other views of valued visual resources as viewed from Weddington Park (South). As a result, the intermittent long-range view of a portion of Cahuenga Peak is the valued visual resources from this geographic area.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1062 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(12) City View Lofts/Island
(a) Visual Character
City View Lofts, a recently constructed four-story, 145-unit multi-family apartment development, is located along the western side of Lankershim Boulevard between Valleyheart Drive and the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel. West of the City View Lofts project is the existing “Island” single-family residential area. With the construction of the City View Lofts project, the Island residential area, located immediately west of the City View Lofts, has limited views of the Project Site. As such, potential visual quality impacts to the Island area would be less than impacts to City View Lofts. Therefore, the following discussion focuses on City View Lofts.
The overall visual character of this area is of an urbanized commercial area with a variety of urban uses including Project Site uses and activities on the east side of Lankershim Boulevard; the Universal City Metro Red Line station parking lots and Weddington Park (South) to the south; the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and a mix of commercial uses to the north; and, the Island residential area to the west. As shown in Figure 122 on page 1152, views that are oriented in an easterly direction are focused directly towards the western edge of the Project Site, and specifically the Lankershim Frontage and Studio Visual Quality Area. As a result, for apartments situated in an easterly direction, the Project Site itself makes up the majority of the available view. As shown in Figure 121 on page 1151, apartments oriented in a southerly direction are focused on the Universal City Metro Red Line Station parking lots and Weddington Park (South), with the Project Site visible beyond the parking lots and Lankershim Boulevard. Views to the north and west are also available to some apartment units; however, these views are focused away from the Project Site to off-site surrounding land uses. The clearest foreground perspective of the Project Site is from the intersection of Valleyheart Drive and Bluffside Drive, just west of Lankershim Boulevard. The Lew Wasserman Building, the Carl Laemmle Building, and an Entrance Gate with the Universal Studios entranceway sign, and Project Site signage are prominently visible from the City View Lofts development. A very small portion of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area in the background is visible beyond the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area from some individual apartment units within the City View Lofts development.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As mentioned above, the City View Lofts have views in varying directions. Foreground views that are oriented in an easterly direction are focused directly towards the western edge of the Project Site, and specifically the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area. There are currently no middle-ground views of visual resources from this geographic area as development in the foreground precludes such views. There are some intermittent, obstructed long-range views of ridgelines within the Santa Monica Mountains from this City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1063 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities area, notably small portions of Cahuenga Peak. As such, the valued visual resource as viewed from this area would be the limited long-range views to the east of the Santa Monica Mountains, most notably the small portions of Cahuenga Peak.
(13) Toluca Estates
(a) Visual Character
The Toluca Estates residential area is located to the north of the Project Site, across the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel. The overall visual character of this area is one of a residential area that is internally oriented with heavy landscaping along the perimeter. Although physically close to the Project Site, the orientation of the residences and landscaping serve to insulate the area from off-site activities. As such, there is only intermittent foreground to middle ground views towards and of the Project Site. As shown in Figure 123 on page 1153, the Project Site itself makes up roughly half of the available viewshed from this area. The extensive stands of mature trees that serve to limit views toward the Project Site separate the available field of view into a limited number of visually distinct view corridors. The view corridor towards the Project Site through the tree canopy is primarily of the Carl Laemmle Building, which straddles the Lankershim Frontage and Studio Visual Quality Areas. To the southwest, the Technicolor Building located at the northwest corner of the Project Site dominates the view. To the south, middle ground views onto the Project Site consist mainly of the Lew Wasserman Building within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, which is occasionally visible through the tree canopy. Views oriented in a northerly, easterly, and westerly direction are of the area itself, as the Project Site is situated immediately south of this geographic area.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
From the Toluca Estates residential area, due to the low elevation and the mature stands of trees in the area, there are no views through the Project Site to foreground, middle ground, or background valued view resources.
(14) Toluca Lake
(a) Visual Character
The Toluca Lake neighborhood is located to the north of the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel from the Project Site and is further separated from the Project Site by the Lakeside Golf Club. Overall, the visual character of this geographic area is one of residential land uses, mature streetscape landscaping, heavy landscaping within the Lakeside Golf Club, and sporadic views of the tallest structures within the Project Site. Landscaping within the Lakeside Golf Club is extensive and views of Project Site buildings City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1064 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities are limited to tall on-site structures that are located within the highest elevation area of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area (i.e., the area commonly referred to as the top-of-the- hill). The Project Site itself makes up less than a third of the available viewshed. As shown in Figure 124 on page 1154, the Toluca Lake area includes limited and intermittent southeasterly to southwesterly middle ground views across the golf course toward the Project Site. This is due mainly to the southerly sloping topography within the neighborhood, which forces views in the same direction. Views to the north would be upslope in nature and consist mainly of the neighborhood itself. Although a wide field of view is available to the south from this area (i.e., no major buildings, landforms, etc. exist which limit the field of view), the golf course does contain extensive strands of mature trees and fencing which serve to interrupt and greatly limit the available field of view. Intermittent roadway views of the tallest structures on the Project Site are visible from the Valley Spring Lane corridor, including The SimpsonsTM Ride Building (see Figure 124 on page 1154), with the extent of the available view dependent on the overall orientation of the roadway vantage point.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Due to its distance from the Project Site, the intervening Lakeside Golf Club, and development and topography associated with the Project Site, no valued view resources are visible in the foreground, middle ground, or background beyond the Project Site from the Toluca Lake neighborhood.
(15) Lakeside Golf Club
(a) Visual Character
The Lakeside Golf Club, which consists of a clubhouse, 18-hole golf course, and tennis courts, is located across the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel to the north of the Project Site. The Lakeside Golf Club is a private recreational facility. Unlike the other geographic areas, the Lakeside Golf Club does not support a 24-hour population; instead, it is host to a variety of individuals who temporarily use the property for several hours at a time.
In general terms, the visual character experienced from the Lakeside Golf Club is one of a pastoral setting with southerly background views of the Project Site (as shown in Figure 125 on page 1155) and views of the Santa Monica Mountains to the east, southeast, and southwest. With regard to views of the Santa Monica Mountains, Cahuenga Peak is located in the southeastern portion of the viewshed. The majority of the available views, which are private in nature (i.e., golfers), are intermittent due to the extensive number of mature trees scattered throughout the golf course and the landscaped fencing that lines the
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1065 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities perimeter of the Lakeside Golf Club. Within the golf course, the topography consists of undulating low mounds and troughs, which contribute to the discontinuous views of the Project Site (i.e., the Project Site is more visible while standing on a mound and less visible when standing in a trough). Since the golf course stretches along the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel for approximately one mile near the Project Site, a variety of Project Site middle ground and background views are available from areas where trees or fencing do not interfere. Limited views in a southerly direction from the clubhouse and tennis courts also include intermittent background views towards the Project Site through the tree- lined golf course. Background views of the Project Site from this facility include development within the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area, the Studio Visual Quality Area, the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, and the Entertainment Visual Quality Area. The SimpsonsTM Ride Building, the Curious George Parking Garage, and additional structures associated with Universal CityWalk and Universal Studios Hollywood are noticeable from this area (please see Figure 125 on page 1155). The Project Site itself ranges from a minimal amount to half of the available views from this geographical area. Views from the balance of the viewshed are limited due to the heavy existing vegetation within the golf course itself.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Aside from the golf club and its vegetation, the Project Site itself is the most noticeable visual element as seen from the Lakeside Golf Club, as shown in Figure 125 on page 1155. Various intermittent background views of the Santa Monica Mountains are visible beyond the Project Site to the east, southeast, and southwest. Portions of Cahuenga Peak are visible in the background looking southeast across the northeast corner of the Project Site. No long-range views of the Santa Monica Mountains are available looking directly south due to the elevation of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area. There are no middle ground or foreground views of valued visual resources as viewed from this geographic area. As such, valued visual resources as viewed from this area would be Cahuenga Peak and portions of the Santa Monica Mountains to the southeast and southwest.
3. Environmental Impacts
a. Methodology
(1) Aesthetics (Visual Character)
In addition to evaluating the proposed Project’s consistency with applicable aesthetic policies, the following analytical framework was developed to evaluate the visual character of the proposed Project. The discussion below bases the significance of potential aesthetic City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1066 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities impact on the extent to which the future development on the Project Site would result in substantial adverse changes to the existing visual character and view of the Project Site from off-site geographic areas. This, in turn, is a function of the following three major factors and their importance related to the characteristics of the Project Site as it is presently developed:
Contrast – the consistency of new development with the existing development on the Project Site. Contrast is a relevant criterion because much of the Project Site is currently developed with differing types and intensity of uses. New development that is similar to that which currently exists would not substantially change the visual character of the Project Site and would thus not constitute an adverse impact.
Prominence – the extent to which new development changes the prominent view from any given geographic area. Prominence is a relevant criterion because there are visually prominent structures and features found in the Project area.
Coverage – the proportion of the available field of view that would be occupied by the new development. Coverage is a relevant criterion because of the varying locations of the visual resources present in the areas surrounding the Project Site. Development that affects only a small portion of a field of view and leaves the remaining elements contributing to the valued visual character of an area would not constitute an adverse impact.
In order for a significant aesthetic impact to occur, substantial changes to all three criteria must be present; the impact must occur within the main field of view for more than a limited duration; and must occur from a public vantage point or more than a small number of private residences in a geographic area. In other words, a significant aesthetic impact would occur if a particular aspect of the Project would cause a substantial change in contrast, prominence, and coverage within the main field of view for more than a limited duration from a public vantage point or from more than a small number of private residences or locations.
In order to demonstrate why each of the criteria must be present for a substantial adverse impact to occur, three example scenarios are described below.
First, the Project may introduce a structure or use that contrasts with existing development in the Project Site. However, if the contrasting structure does not substantially cover a large proportion of the available view as perceived from a particular geographic area, then the aesthetic character of the Project would not be substantially altered (since the majority of the existing view would remain).
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1067 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Second, the Project may introduce a series of structures that cover a large portion of the available view of the Project Site from any given geographic area. However, if these structures or uses with substantial coverage do not contrast with the character of existing development in the Project Site, the overall impression of the visual character of the Project area would not be substantially altered.
Third, the Project may introduce a contrasting form of development, which covers a large portion of the Project Site. However, if this development is not prominent (i.e., not highly visible from a particular geographic area), it also would not substantially alter the existing visual character of the Project area.
If it is determined that all three criteria are substantially affected by Project development, then the overall orientation and duration of that view towards the Project Site must be taken into account. For example, views from the roadway that are oriented such that there would only be peripheral or temporary views of the Project Site, due to the duration and orientation of the view, would not substantially alter the visual character of an area. If a view towards the Project Site is available for an extended period of time and is within the main field of view from an identified vantage point, then the perceived visual character change must occur from a prominent public vantage point or from a substantial number of private residences or homes.
The analysis of visual character also considers potential impacts attributable to the proposed Project’s signage program. Specifically, the discussion below focuses on the amount of signage and the type of signs allowed. For the most part, Project signage would occur in conjunction with buildings. Signage not attached to buildings would be limited in vertical dimension or height above grade. For example, in Sign District 2A, Building Identification Signs are limited to 25 feet above the building if affixed to the building and does not extend taller than the applicable height zone in which the sign is located. If the sign is freestanding, it is limited to 40 feet above grade.
The analysis of potential aesthetic impacts presented in the following sections are based upon field observations and an evaluation of photographs and photo simulations from selected vantage points within the surrounding geographic areas that demonstrate the potential influence of development that is allowed under the regulations included within the proposed City and County Specific Plans. The analyses presented below are based on the Project’s Conceptual Plan. The Conceptual Plan provides a reasonable representation of the Project’s potential visual character and view impacts. While actual visual perspectives and views may vary based on actual development, the analysis and conclusions in this Section IV.D. would remain applicable. A total of 15 photo simulations were developed for the analysis of potential aesthetic and view impacts, all of which represent vantage point locations that would potentially be affected by Project-related development.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1068 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(2) Views
The analytical framework used in the views analysis focuses on the extent to which future Project development would result in substantial changes to the existing views (i.e., blockage) of the valued view resources located within the Project area (i.e., outside the boundaries of the Project Site). The determination of potential view impacts starts with the consideration of the following two principal factors:
Prominence – the degree to which the visual resource stands out within the context of the entirety of the visual environment; and
Coverage – the proportion of the available field of view that includes the visual resource that would be affected by development associated with the proposed Project.
In addition to prominence and coverage, the main field of view available and the overall duration of the view are important concepts when considering changes to existing views of valued visual resources. Accordingly, an adverse impact would not occur if the existing view of a valued visual resource is only seen for a limited amount of time and/or is on the periphery of the available view. Specifically, on-site development that affects only a small proportion of the available field of view that includes the visual resource that would be affected and leaves the remaining elements of that resource visible would not constitute an adverse impact. If both determining factors are present and the potential impact occurs within the main part of the available field of view for more than a limited duration, the substantial change to existing views must occur from a public vantage point or from a substantial number of homes within the geographic area.
For example, if the Project were to introduce a structure that covered a portion of a valued visual resource, but the overall view of the resource remained intact (i.e., still prominent within a large field of view), a less than substantial adverse impact would occur. In addition, if a visual resource is visible from a location, but is not prominent, it could be substantially covered without causing a substantial adverse change in the overall field of view. However, if the prominent view resource were in the main part of the field of view from a particular area and it were to be substantially covered (as viewed from a particular viewpoint) for an extended duration of time, an adverse impact would occur. Conversely, a prominent view resource (such as a mountain range) may exist from a particular viewpoint, but if that viewpoint is temporary in nature (i.e., seen only briefly while driving a vehicle) and the overall view angle is wide and the view is on the periphery of the viewshed (oriented away from the view resource), then a less than substantial adverse impact would occur. Finally, if an aspect of the Project were to cause substantial blockage of a prominent view resource within the main part of the field of view for more than a limited duration and from a public vantage point or from more than a small number of private residences, a significant impact would occur.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1069 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
The analysis of potential view impacts presented in the following section is based upon an evaluation of photographs and photo simulations from selected locations that demonstrate the potential effects of development pursuant to the Project’s Conceptual Plan.
b. Thresholds of Significance
The City of Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide (2006) requires the aesthetics and visual resources analysis to address the following areas of study: (1) aesthetics; (2) obstruction of views; (3) shading; and (4) nighttime illumination. This section addresses aesthetics and obstruction of views. Section IV.E.1, Natural Light of this Draft EIR addresses shading. Section IV.E, Artificial Light and Glare of this Draft EIR addresses nighttime illumination and glare.
(1) Aesthetics (Visual Character)
The City of Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide (page A.1-3) states that a determination of significance shall be made on a case-by-case basis, considering the following factors:
The amount or relative proportion of existing features or elements that substantially contribute to the valued visual character or image of a neighborhood, community, or localized area, which would be removed, altered, or demolished;
The amount of natural open space to be graded or developed;
The degree to which proposed structures in natural open space areas would be effectively integrated into the aesthetics of the site, through appropriate design, etc;
The degree of contrast between proposed features and existing features that represent the area’s valued aesthetic image;
The degree to which a proposed zone change would result in buildings that would detract from the existing style or image of the area due to density, height, bulk, setback, signage, or other physical elements;
The degree to which the project would contribute to the area’s aesthetic value; and
Applicable guidelines and regulations.
Based on these factors, the Project would have potentially significant impacts if it were to substantially alter, degrade, or eliminate the existing visual character of an area, City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1070 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities including valued existing features or resources; or if the Project were to introduce elements that substantially detract from the anticipated visual character of an area as articulated in applicable plans and policies.
(2) Views
The City of Los Angeles CEQA Thresholds Guide (page A.2-2) states that a determination of significance shall be made on a case-by-case basis, considering the following factors:
The nature and quality of recognized or valued views (such as natural topography, settings, man-made or natural features of visual interest, and resources such as mountains or the ocean);
Whether the project affects views from a designated scenic highway, corridor, or parkway;
The extent of obstruction (e.g. total blockage, partial interruption, or minor diminishment); and
The extent to which the project affects recognized views from a length of a public roadway, bike path, or trail, as opposed to a single, fixed vantage point.
Based on these factors, the Project would have potentially significant impacts with respect to views if its development were to obstruct an existing view of a prominent, valued view.
For ease of reference, please see Subsection 3.a. Methodology, above, which discusses in detail the three major factors (or criteria) and their importance related to the characteristics of the Project Site.
c. Project Design Features
(1) Specific Plans
The development standards set forth in the proposed County and City Specific Plans provide the primary source of regulation for the future development of the Project Site. The development standards within these two proposed Specific Plans address the potential form of future development within the Project Site and provide the basis for determining the potential impacts of the proposed Project. Issues pertinent to the evaluation of visual character and view impacts as set forth in the proposed Specific Plans include the allowable building heights, building setbacks, architectural standards, landscaping,
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1071 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities entry/exit treatments, and signage. The proposed City and County Specific Plans governing the respective portions of the Project Site provide certain regulations with respect to heights of buildings and allowable signage that would help reduce the potential for visual character as well as other impacts to occur from development of the proposed Project Site. The implementation of these development standards are evaluated in the context of the Conceptual Plan. For a detailed description of these development standards please refer to Section II, Project Description, of this Draft EIR as well as the proposed City and County Specific Plans, themselves. The proposed City and County Specific Plans are presented in their entirety in Appendix A to this Draft EIR. To help orient the reader, Figures 99 and 100 on pages 1109 and 1110 provide a layout of the proposed City and County Sign Districts as projected under the proposed City and County Specific Plans.
d. Analysis of Project Impacts
The following analysis identifies the potential impacts from the Project on the visual character of the areas surrounding the Project Site as well as the potential for the proposed Project to block existing views of identified valued visual resources. As discussed previously in this Section, visual character impacts relate to changes in the way the Project Site would be perceived from the 15 identified geographical areas, in terms of building height, mass and location, the visual character of adjacent areas and the interfaces between the Project Site and adjacent areas, as a result of development pursuant to the proposed City and County Specific Plans. The issue of views addresses the accessibility of prominent valued visual resources available in areas surrounding the Project Site. Potential blockage or interruption of valued visual resources constitutes the key issue associated with the analysis of views.
As described above, existing valued visual resources that have the potential to be seen from vantage points surrounding the Project Site include the Verdugo Mountains, the wide expanse of the San Fernando Valley, the Cahuenga Pass foothills, the Santa Monica Mountains, and Cahuenga Peak.
It should be noted that because of the large number of possible visual perspectives of the Project Site, it is not feasible to document each potential location that could experience visual character or view impacts from the Project. Rather, this section analyzes potential visual character and view impacts of the Project from 15 different geographic areas that surround the Project Site. View simulations that depict visual perspectives from the majority of the geographic areas analyzed support this analysis. While the locations selected for the visual simulations are representative of the respective geographic areas, they do not reflect every possible individual view perspective within each geographic area.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1072 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
The following discussion addresses the same vantage points as were previously described in the Environmental Setting portion of this Section. They are shown in Figures 101 and 102 on pages 1111 and 1112 correspond to the photographs and simulations shown in Figures 103 through 125 on pages 1113 through 1155. These areas include:
Barham Boulevard Corridor – South (Figures 103 through 105 on pages 1113 through 1115);
Barham Boulevard Corridor – North (Figures 106 and 107 on pages 1116 and 1117);
Forest Lawn Drive - West (Figure 108 on page 1118);
Oakwood Garden Apartments (Figure 109 on page 1119);
Hollywood Manor (Figures 110 and 111 on pages 1120 and 1121);
Hollywood Knolls (Figures 112A through 113 on pages 1122 through 1128);
Mulholland Ridge (Figures 114A through 114C on pages 1129 through 1131);
Cahuenga Pass East (Figures 115A through 117 on pages 1132 through 1141);
Cahuenga Pass West (Figures 118A through 118F on pages 1142 through 1147);
Universal City Metro Red Line Station/Campo de Cahuenga (Figure 119 on page 1148);
Weddington Park (South) (Figures 120A and 120B on pages 1149 and 1150);
City View Lofts/Island (Figures 121 and 122 on pages 1151 and 1152);
Toluca Estates (Figure 123 on page 1153);
Toluca Lake (Figure 124 on page 1154); and the
Lakeside Golf Club (Figure 125 on page 1155).
(1) Barham Boulevard Corridor - South
(a) Visual Character
As detailed in Section 2.0 (Environmental Setting) above, most view locations from the Barham Boulevard Corridor - South would be along the roadway while traveling south
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1073 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities on Barham Boulevard. Starting at the northeastern portion of the Project Site north of the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel, the Project Site is within approximately half of the available field of view when traveling and facing in a southern direction. Views towards the Project Site from this vantage point would be temporary in nature and would be partially blocked by existing on-site development (e.g., Edith Head Building, Lakeside Plaza office structure) and vegetation along Barham Boulevard. As represented in Figures 103 through 105 on pages 1113 through 1115, Project development would cause a substantial change in contrast and prominence relative to the existing on-site low-rise development and vegetation that currently exist. New development would be visible to the west and south, and represent a noticeable change in terms of existing conditions. Nevertheless, due to the wide field of view, Project development would not result in a substantial coverage of the existing visual environment from this vantage point. Therefore, while there could be a change in contrast and prominence, changes in coverage would not be substantial from this vantage point.
As one travels further south to Lakeside Plaza Drive, the overall visual character changes to one of mostly scattered trees and small ornamental shrubs, with the transportation lot, child care center and Lakeside Plaza office building partially visible beyond the vegetation. In the periphery, the buildings in the northern area of the Project Site and beyond are visible. Under the Project, the visual character of this area could be altered to include development that is multi-story in height and has greater frontage along Barham Boulevard for several hundred feet to the south. The increased intensity of development within this area could represent changes in contrast and prominence within the available field of view. However, due to the wide field of view available from this area, Project development would not result in a substantial coverage of the existing visual environment from this vantage point.
The placement of signs within the available field of view from this vantage point could also represent a change in overall contrast and prominence. Specifically, the proposed City Specific Plan allows for Area, Community, and Tenant Identification signage at the entryways along Barham Boulevard, including Monument Signs up to 6 feet above grade and Pillar signs up to 40 feet above grade. In addition, Building and Tenant Identification signs could be placed on the façade of the building. Freestanding Tenant Identification signs of up to 25 square feet in size would also be permitted. Further, up to 4 Entertainment Signs with a maximum sign area of 500 square feet could be placed on buildings along Barham Boulevard. No animated, electronic message display or Supergraphic signs are permitted in this area. The increase in signage within the overall visual experience from this geographic area could represent a change in the contrast and the prominence of the view of the area. However, with the limitations in size, type and location, no substantial changes in coverage would occur, since signage would affect a limited portion of the available field of view. Therefore, while there could be a change in
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1074 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities contrast and prominence, changes in coverage would not be substantial from this vantage point.
Traveling further southbound near the central portions on Barham Boulevard, the undeveloped hillside area would remain under the Project, as there would continue to be no building development along Barham Boulevard in this portion of the Project Site. There would be no middle ground or background views towards the Project Site from roadway vantage points, due to the undulating topography and steep ascending hillside.
Continuing southbound along Barham Boulevard, just south of the Hollywood Manor area, the visual character includes commercial and multi-family structures and signage with the Cahuenga Pass in the background. The Project Site in this area includes heavily vegetated foreground views and a sign at the southeastern corner of the Project Site. Under the proposed Project, the southeast corner of the Project Site would be developed with low rise structures and improved with landscaping and open space. The proposed development may result in a change in contrast, as it could introduce development into a small area of the Project Site that is currently heavily vegetated. However, proposed development in this corner would not result in changes to prominence and coverage, as the prominent view and available field of view from this portion of Barham Boulevard would remain. Therefore, while there could be a change in contrast, changes in prominence and coverage would not be substantial from this vantage point.
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the Barham Boulevard Corridor – South would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Traveling south on Barham Boulevard from north of the Project Site, motorists have foreground views toward the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area (e.g., Lakeside Plaza Office Building), with background peripheral views of the Santa Monica Mountains ridgeline behind the Project Site in a southwesterly direction. As shown in Figures 103 through 105 on pages 1113 through 1115, the Santa Monica Mountains ridgeline could be considered a valued visual resource from this vantage point. Due to the curve in Barham Boulevard in this area, no visual resources are seen to the south (i.e., Santa Monica Mountains).
Project development would add several structures in the northeastern corner of the Project Site. However, as shown in Figure 103 on page 1113, due to the distance across the Project Site to the visual resource and the fact that Project development would minimally intrude upon the view of the Santa Monica Mountains ridgeline visible in the
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1075 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities periphery to the southwest, Project development would not change the prominence of this view resource from this geographic area.
In the area of Lakeside Plaza Drive, some intermittent views of the Santa Monica Mountains are also visible in the periphery from the roadway to the southwest. However, no views of the Santa Monica Mountains are available looking directly south, due to the current height of the undeveloped hillside areas within the South and North Back Lot Visual Quality Areas. Once again, the available views from this geographic area would be temporary in nature and would afford only very limited views of these resources, due to the duration of travel along the roadway and overall orientation of the motorist. The Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a valued visual resource from this vantage point.
Also, while traveling southbound on Barham Boulevard from south of Lakeside Plaza Drive to Craig Drive, as shown in Figures 104 and 105 on pages 1114 and 1115, there would be no potential change in coverage of a prominent view resource since there are no views of a valued visual resource from this area along Barham Boulevard as one faces in a southerly direction.
Past Craig Drive, background views of Cahuenga Pass become visible. The Project development within the southeastern corner of the Project Site would not affect existing background views of Cahuenga Pass since the Project Site is not located within the existing viewshed between Barham Boulevard and Cahuenga Pass (i.e., the Project Site is off to the side and not in alignment between Barham Boulevard and the ridgeline). Therefore, the Project would not have the potential to cause a significant view impact along the stretch of Barham Boulevard from Craig Drive to the Hollywood Freeway.
In summary, since the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent valued view, Project impacts to the Barham Boulevard Corridor – South geographic area would be less than significant.
(2) Barham Boulevard Corridor - North
(a) Visual Character
As with the Barham Boulevard Corridor – South, most view locations from the Barham Boulevard Corridor - North geographic area would be along the roadway while traveling north on Barham Boulevard. Starting north of the Hollywood Freeway, the visual character includes a prominent sign and heavily vegetated foreground views at the southeastern edge of the Project Site with commercial and multi-family structures and other signage in the area. As discussed above, under the proposed Project, the southeast
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1076 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities corner of the Project Site could be developed with low-rise structures and improved with landscaping and open space. In addition, the existing sign at Barham Boulevard and Buddy Holly Drive could be replaced with a sign up to 1,000 square feet in sign area. The sign could be animated or electronic message display. The proposed development and signage would not result in changes to the prominence and coverage, as the prominent and overall available field of view would remain. From this vantage point, the proposed development would also not result in a substantial change to contrast, as this portion of the Project would continue to have signage and landscaping similar to its existing condition. Therefore, changes in contrast, prominence and coverage would not be substantial from this vantage point.
Traveling further north along Barham Boulevard, just north of the Hollywood Manor area and Craig Drive, the visual character of the Project Site as experienced from this vantage point includes heavily vegetated foreground views of areas sloping upward from the roadway. The undeveloped hillside in this area would remain under the Project.
North of this area, as one approaches Lakeside Plaza Drive, development under the proposed Project would result in buildings that are visible from the roadway along the western side of Barham Boulevard. The increased intensity of development within this area could represent changes to contrast and prominence. However, due to the wide field of view, Project development would not result in a substantial coverage of the existing visual environment.
The placement of signs within the available field of view from this vantage point could also represent a change in overall contrast and prominence. Specifically the proposed City Specific Plan would allow for Area, Community, Building and Tenant Identification signage at the entryways along Barham Boulevard, including Monument Signs up to 6 feet above grade and Pillar signs up to 40 feet above grade. One Building Identification Sign per Building Face and up to six Tenant Identification Signs per Building Face would be permitted. Freestanding Tenant Identification signs of up to 25 square feet in size would also be permitted. Further, up to 4 Entertainment Signs with a maximum sign area of 500 square feet could be placed on buildings along Barham Boulevard. No animated, electronic message display or Building Wrap, Supergraphic, off-site or roof signs would be permitted in this area. The increase in signage within the overall visual experience from this geographic area could represent a change in the contrast and prominence of the view of the area. However, with the limitations is size category, type and location, no substantial changes in coverage would occur, since signage would affect a limited portion of the available field of view. Therefore, while there could be a change in contrast and prominence, changes in coverage would not be substantial from this vantage point.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1077 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the Barham Boulevard Corridor – North would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
As noted above, Barham Boulevard is designated as a Major Scenic Highway II in the Sherman Oaks-Studio City-Toluca Lake-Cahuenga Pass Community Plan. Since the area in which Barham Boulevard travels contains views of both natural and urban elements (e.g., urban development north of the Project Site within the City of Burbank) and the Community Plan provides no indication as to why Barham Boulevard was designated as a scenic highway, it is concluded that the highway was chosen for its views of the Cahuenga Pass for southbound motorists, and the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains for northbound motorists.
Traveling northbound on Barham Boulevard, prior to reaching Lakeside Plaza Drive and Forest Lawn Drive, there are brief background views down the Barham corridor of the Verdugo Mountains and high-rise development in the City of Burbank. Development within the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area could potentially block a small portion of the existing mountain views. However, as shown in Figures 106 and 107 on pages 1116 and 1117, the corridor view of the mountains and San Fernando Valley would remain, thereby alleviating potential view impacts of this area as viewed from the roadway.
Facing in a northerly direction near the corner of Barham Boulevard/Lakeside Plaza Drive, the roadway is at a lower elevation and there are just brief views of the Verdugo Mountains through the Project Site in the background, behind high-rise development within the City of Burbank. Project development within the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area could potentially block some of the existing mountain views. However, the views along this area are temporary in duration and sometimes not available at all due to the overall orientation and duration of travel along Barham Boulevard. Therefore, the Project would not obstruct an existing view of a prominent valued view.
In summary, as the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent valued view, Project impacts to the Barham Boulevard Corridor – North geographic area would be less than significant.
(3) Forest Lawn Drive - West
(a) Visual Character
As with Barham Boulevard, most view locations from this particular geographic area would be from along the roadway traveling west on Forest Lawn Drive. As discussed under Section 2.0 (Environmental Setting) above, the overall visual character from this City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1078 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities vantage point is one of low-rise commercial buildings and scattered trees and shrubs, which are directly visible in the foreground and middle ground.
Under the Project as shown in Figure 108 on page 1118, the visual character from this area could be altered to include development that is multi-story in height and have greater frontage along Barham Boulevard and Lakeside Plaza Drive (the westerly extension of Forest Lawn Drive). Proposed development would include uses that are similar in nature to what exists currently in this area (e.g., office related uses with intermittent landscaping), which would not cause a substantial change in contrast when viewed from this particular geographic area. The increased intensity of development could represent a change in prominence within the available field of view. However, due to the wide field of view available from this area, Project development would not result in a substantial coverage of the existing visual character.
The placement of signs within the available field of view from this geographic area could represent a change in overall contrast. Specifically the proposed City Specific Plan would allow for Area, Community, Building and Tenant Identification signage at the entryways along Barham, including Monument Signs up to 6 feet above grade and Pillar signs up to 40 feet above grade. One Building Identification Sign per Building face and up to six Tenant Identification Signs per Building Face would be permitted. Freestanding Tenant Identification signs of up to 25 square feet in size would be also permitted. Further, up to 4 Entertainment Signs with a maximum sign area of 500 square feet could be placed on buildings along Barham Boulevard. No animated electronic message display building wrap, Supergraphic, off-site or roof signs would be permitted in this area. The increase in signage within the overall visual experience from this geographic area could represent a change in the prominent view of the area. However, with the limitations is size, category, type and location, no substantial changes in coverage would occur, since signage would affect a limited portion of the available field of view.
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from Forest Lawn Drive – West would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
From this geographic area, no views of valued visual resources are available across the Project Site. Since development of the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of prominent view resources, Project impacts from the Forest Lawn –West geographic area would be less than significant.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1079 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(4) Oakwood Garden Apartments
(a) Visual Character
The Oakwood Garden Apartments are located approximately 200 feet to the east of the Project Site, on the eastern side of Barham Boulevard. Currently, the upper portions of the Oakwood Garden Apartments have intermittent views in a westerly direction and towards the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area portions of the Project Site. As shown in Figure 109 on page 1119, topography within the Project Site as well as on the Oakwood site, coupled with the mature pine trees within the Oakwood site, for the most part obscures the remainder of the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area. As a result, less than half of the total visual viewshed available from within the Oakwood Garden Apartments is of the Project Site, while the remaining portion of the available views consists of the San Fernando Valley, areas to the west of the Project Site, and the Oakwood Garden Apartments themselves.
Project development would have the potential to allow views of the upper portions of proposed Project structures from the portions of the Oakwood Garden Apartments that are located at a higher elevation. As stated above, some vantage points within the Oakwood Garden Apartments have middle ground views of an underdeveloped hillside along Barham Boulevard. The potential change in the hillside area from underdeveloped to urban in character could potentially result in substantial changes in contrast. With regard to prominence, development would not change the prominent view from this geographic area, due to the wide field of view available and the overall context of sight lines over and across the Project Site. In addition, given a large proportional field of view from within the Oakwood site, the proposed Project would not create a substantial impact to coverage, as the elements that contribute to the visual character of the area (i.e., the Oakwood Garden Apartments and landscaping, vegetated hillside, and long-range panoramic views in the background) would not be substantially adversely affected by development.
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the Oakwood Garden Apartments would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Portions of the Oakwood Garden Apartments currently have intermittent background views of the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains over urbanized low-lying areas. No other long-range view resources are visible from this geographic area.
Due to the abundance of mature trees within the Oakwood Garden Apartments that block most views to the west/northwest, the Project and potential signage would not contribute substantially to the blockage of prominent long-range views of valued resources City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1080 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities from this location. This is due mostly to the very expansive and large view available from this geographic area and the existing blockage from mature trees. As such, portions of the San Fernando Valley would still be viewable from both residential and roadway vantage points with implementation of the Project. See Figure 109 on page 1119. Since the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent view resource, Project impacts to the Oakwood Garden Apartments geographic area would be less than significant.
(5) Hollywood Manor
The Hollywood Manor area, which includes approximately 230 single-family homes and multi-family residences, is located directly adjacent to the Project Site’s eastern border and is a hillside area that is bisected by a north-south ridgeline. This ridgeline serves to block views of the Project Site for the approximately two-thirds of the homes that are located on the easterly side of the ridgeline. In general, there are approximately 80 homes with views of and towards the Project Site, although not all contain direct lines of sight and/or can see portions of the Project Site. Available views toward the Project Site can be grouped into three general categories as described in Section 2.0, Environmental Setting, above.
The first category includes approximately 25 residences located near the southern tip of the Hollywood Manor geographic area. Due to the presence of heavy vegetation and intervening existing residences, these locations have a limited view of the southeastern corner of the Project Site in a southerly direction, which occurs in the form of narrow distinct view corridors. The second category includes approximately 40 homes, which have potential intermittent views across the Project Site in a westerly direction. A segment of Blair Drive and about 12 of these 40 homes have direct lines of site towards the Project Site (see Figure 110 on page 1120). These homes for the most part share a common property line with the Project Site and are located between the Blair Drive roadway and the Project Site. The last category is the approximately 15 homes near the northern portion of the Hollywood Manor geographic area with north to northwesterly views over the Project Site.
(a) Visual Character
Near the southern tip of the Hollywood Manor geographic area, views of the Project Site are limited for the approximately 25 residences whose views towards the Project Site in a southern direction are defined by thick shrubs, mature tree lines, and other residences. Given the limited view corridors that currently exist from this particular area and the overall elevation of residences with sight lines over the Project Site, Project development within the southeastern portion of the Project Site would not substantially change the existing views from the southern tip of the Hollywood Manor area. As currently proposed, an open space area and low-rise public infrastructure would be constructed in this particular area of
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1081 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities the Site. As such, there would be no change in visual contrast, and changes in prominence and coverage due to Project development would not occur.
As discussed above, approximately 40 homes have potential views towards the Project Site that are comprised of scattered outdoor sets, studio production and storage areas, and underdeveloped areas within the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area. Middle ground views of the Project Site from these limited locations are of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, noticeably the Universal CityWalk area. While these views are available, they are somewhat intermittent due to existing on- and off-site vegetation, landscaping, and intervening homes. Background views consist mainly of the Verdugo Mountains and San Fernando Valley to the northwest and Cahuenga Pass areas to the southwest.
Approximately 12 homes and a segment of Blair Drive have direct sight lines towards and across the Project Site, as shown in Figure 110 on page 1120. Proposed Project improvements would introduce structures that would be directly visible from these locations. However, Project development would not encompass the entirety of available views from these locations, as many of these residential vantage points have wide and long-range views across the Project Site to other properties and areas in the San Fernando Valley, which defines the overall visual character that is seen from this geographic area. Overall, a minimum distance averaging roughly 150 to 200 feet in width separates these residences and the Blair Drive vantage point from proposed Project development. In addition, to help buffer the view of new development from this small portion of the Hollywood Manor area, the proposed City Specific Plan provides for a 50-foot setback between this portion of Hollywood Manor and any on-site activities. Within this setback, a 10-foot landscaped area, starting from the shared property line, would also serve as a buffer to screen residences in this portion of Hollywood Manor from development on the Project Site. In addition, no height exceptions for high-rises are permitted within roughly 500 feet of this area.
Vantage points discussed above that have foreground and middle ground views toward the Project Site would likely see the middle and top floors of new development within the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area (specifically structures within the proposed 825-foot and 855-foot MSL height zones) and possibly small portions of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area. Since structures proposed under the Project would replace the current perspective of relatively underdeveloped space with intermittent views of new development, a potential change in contrast and prominence could occur, although generally the effects would be irregular because of the setback, the influence of vegetation within the Hollywood Manor area itself and topography. As shown in Figure 110 on page 1120, new development would have the potential to encompass a large portion of the available field of view for the roughly 12 homes and the segment of Blair Drive roadway vantage point within this small portion of the overall Hollywood Manor area. However, the background views of
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1082 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities the broader San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains would remain, thereby minimizing the effect on coverage. Given the available field of views, the proposed Project would not create a substantial impact to coverage, as the elements that contribute to the visual character of the area (landscaping and long-range views) would not be substantially adversely affected by Project development.
For the roughly 15 homes near the northern tip of this geographic area, views would be situated in a northerly direction and over potential Mixed-Use Residential Area development. Given the overall elevation of residences with sight lines over the Project Site and the wide field of view for those locations with views across the Project Site, Project development within the northeastern portion of the Project Site would not substantially change the existing views from this location. Project development would have the potential to add structures within the northern portion of the South Back Lot and Entertainment Visual Quality Areas. Due to topography and existing vegetation, only the upper levels of future Project structures would be visible within the overall viewshed from the upper portion areas. Many of the homes within the northern portion of Hollywood Manor have very broad background views across the Project Site and of the areas behind the Project Site to the north and west, including high-rise development in the City of Burbank. Given a very large proportional field of view from these locations, there would be no change in visual contrast, and prominence, or coverage due to Project development.
When considering signage, the proposed County and City Specific Plans regulate the type, size and location of signage. Signage in the area immediately adjacent to Hollywood Manor is limited to information, temporary, and regulatory signs that are small in scale. Signs in the Universal Mixed-Use Sign District would either be too low in height to be visible or limited to identification signs on the façades of buildings. Therefore, Project signage would not result in a change in contrast, prominence, or coverage.
In summary, the majority of the Hollywood Manor area does not have views across the Project Site. Of the approximately 25 homes near the southern tip and 15 homes near the northern tip with views toward the Project Site, many have limited views because of existing vegetation, layout of residences and overall orientation of the roadway network. Specifically, Project development would not substantially change the existing views from these locations. For the approximately 40 residences with potential westerly views, the views are somewhat intermittent due to existing vegetation, landscaping, and intervening homes. Approximately 12 homes along the western side of Blair Drive may afford direct views across the Project Site. Thus, Project development could result in a change in contrast and prominence, but effects on coverage are minimized. For the 15 homes in the northern portion of Hollywood Manor with views over the Project Site, given the existing field of view from these locations, Project development would not substantially change the views from these locations. Thus, Project impacts to the visual character from the
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1083 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Hollywood Manor geographic area would be less than significant since not all three impact criteria would be significantly impacted.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
For the approximately 25 homes near the southern tip of the Hollywood Manor geographic area that have views in the southerly direction towards the Project Site, most views are situated at an elevation over the Project Site towards the Cahuenga Pass East area just south of the Hollywood Freeway. With Project development and potential signage, there would be no substantial view coverage of a prominent view resource, as all potential development would be at a lower elevation and ultimately below eye level of these existing locations. There are also a few existing homes in this area that would be approximately the same eye level as proposed Project development, however, they currently do not have views of a valued visual resource. Thus, potential blockage of a valued visual resource would not occur to existing homes in this particular area of the Hollywood Manor community.
Continuing north from this area, for the homes afforded interrupted view lines in a westerly direction through thick shrubs and mature tree lines, overall views of visual resources would not be affected (See Figure 111 on page 1121), and thus, a less than significant impact would occur.
For the homes with available sight lines across the Project Site, views encompass portions of the Cahuenga Pass West area, the Verdugo Mountains, and San Fernando Valley, all of which are considered valued visual resources. Although views of these resources may be broad, many of these view locations experience view blockage by existing on- and off-site vegetation as well as topography. Project development and signage within the South Back Lot Visual Quality Area could occupy portions of the available viewshed from these locations. However, as shown in Figure 110 on page 1120, with Project development, the large majority of the viewshed that includes the long-range views of the San Fernando Valley and the Verdugo Mountains is retained. Viewing angles from these residences with westerly views of the Project Site and across the Project Site towards the Cahuenga Pass West neighborhoods vary somewhat and the possibility exists that a greater impact than that shown in Figure 110 could occur from one or more of these homes. However, since the Project would not result in the substantial view coverage of a prominent view resource, Project impacts with regard to the Hollywood Manor geographic area would be less than significant.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1084 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(6) Hollywood Knolls
(a) Visual Character
From its elevated and distant location, the Hollywood Knolls residential area currently commands a panoramic view of the San Fernando Valley, with the Project Site located within approximately one-third of this viewshed. As the Hollywood Knolls area is located at a higher elevation and at a distance from the Project Site, the Project Site blends with surrounding development and topography and is not prominent from the Hollywood Knolls area, (see Figure 112A on page 1122). As discussed under Section 2.0 (Environmental Setting) above, there is very limited visibility of the existing developed portions of the Project Site due in part to the large distance between Hollywood Knolls and the existing on-site buildings and the presence of considerable landscaping (see Figure 112A). As such, Project development would not result in a substantial change in contrast when viewed from the Hollywood Knolls area.
Project development would have the potential to add structures within the very southern portion of the South Back Lot and Entertainment Visual Quality Areas. Due to topography and existing vegetation, only the upper levels of future Project structures would be slightly visible within the overall viewshed from the upper portions of the Hollywood Knolls area. Some locations within Hollywood Knolls could potentially see tall structures rising above existing ridgelines; however, these structures would not be prominent in the context of the entire viewshed. Many of the homes within Hollywood Knolls have very broad background views across the Project Site and of the areas behind the Project Site to the north and west. Given a very large proportional field of view from these locations, the proposed Project would not create a substantial impact with regard to coverage, since only a small portion of the available view towards and over the Project Site would have the potential to be obstructed. Also contributing to the limiting affect of coverage is the abundance of mature trees within the Hollywood Knolls area that already blocks most views to the west/northwest.
Proposed signage within lower-elevation areas of the Project Site would not be directly visible due to changes in topography, while Building and Tenant Identification signage within higher elevated areas of the Project Site would be visible, but not discernable, from this area due to the distance from the Project Site and existing on- and off-site topography. As such, signage would not create a substantial change in prominence and contrast. In addition, given a very large proportional field of view from the Hollywood Knolls vantage points, Project signage would not create a substantial impact with regard to coverage, since only a small portion of the available view towards and over the Project Site would have the potential to be obstructed from freestanding signs, which are limited in height and at low elevations.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1085 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the Hollywood Knolls geographic area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
The upper portions of the Hollywood Knolls area currently have intermittent background views of the San Fernando Valley, Verdugo Mountains, and portions of the Santa Monica Mountains over existing urbanized areas. As shown in Figures 112A through 113 on pages 1122 through 1128, no other long-range view resources are visible from this geographic area.
Project development as viewed from the Hollywood Knolls area would include buildings that would enter into the current skyline view. Due to the abundance of mature trees within the Hollywood Knolls area that already block most views to the west/northwest, the Project and potential signage would not contribute substantially to the blockage of distant long-range views of valued resources from this area. For those Hollywood Knolls locations with broad background views across the Project Site, the proposed Project would only occupy a small portion of the available view towards the Project Site. As such, Project development would have a limited impact, as a substantial change in prominence and coverage would not occur, and nearly all of the San Fernando Valley and the Verdugo Mountains would still be visible. Since the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent view resource, Project impacts on views from the Hollywood Knolls area would be less than significant.
(7) Mulholland Ridge
(a) Visual Character
The Mulholland Ridge area is located at a high elevation and relatively long distance (over 2,500 feet) from the Project Site. Currently, views in a northerly direction from this area include a very wide field of view that ranges from areas to the west of the Project Site [i.e., Weddington Park (South)], the San Fernando Valley and the Verdugo Mountains over and across the Project Site, and the Cahuenga Pass foothills to the east of the Project Site. The Project Site itself makes up a small portion or roughly less than one-third of the available viewshed from this area when facing in a northern direction.
From this area, the Project Site blends into the larger urban landscape visible from many locations within the Mulholland Ridge area. No substantial changes to contrast (including as viewed from the Universal City Overlook along Mulholland Drive) would occur from this distance, as new structures and the placement of signage would blend in with
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1086 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities existing development on the Project Site. Similarly, substantial changes to prominence would not be anticipated since this area would continue to look down on the Project Site. As shown in Figures 114A through 114C on pages 1129 through 1131, even the tops of the tallest potential Project structure (i.e., up to 1,000 feet above mean sea level) would reach the lowest base elevation of this area, with a great deal of distance between the Project Site and this geographic area. While some Project structures or signs may be slightly more visible from this area and subsequently cover more of the available viewshed, there would not be any substantial changes to prominence as viewed from the Mulholland Ridge area. In addition, because of the wide field of view available from this location over and across the Project Site, no substantial changes in coverage would occur with development of the proposed Project.
Thus, while additional structures or signs may be visible from this location, the overall character of the area and the Project Site as seen from this height and distance would appear similar to its current condition. As no substantial changes in contrast, coverage, or prominence would occur, impacts to visual character from the Mulholland Ridge area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
The primary view resources available from the Mulholland Ridge geographic area are panoramic views of the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains in the background. Project development would potentially add additional height, mass, and signage to the existing urban skyline views of the Project Site. While Project structures would have the potential to alter view lines somewhat, Project development and signage would not be tall enough or close enough to this area to alter the existing background views of the Verdugo Mountains and San Fernando Valley. Since the Project would not result in the substantial view coverage of a prominent resource, Project impacts from the Mulholland Ridge geographic area would be less than significant.
(8) Cahuenga Pass East
This geographic area provides northerly sight lines from a range of elevations across the Hollywood Freeway and towards the Project Site. Many of the existing views of the Project Site are background and middle ground in nature, as the existing foreground view environment from this area is of the neighborhood itself.
(a) Visual Character
From the Cahuenga Pass East high elevation areas, a broad field of view is currently available. Noticeable middle ground views include portions south and east of the Project Site, including the Project Site itself. Please refer to Figures 115A through 115F on City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1087 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities pages 1132 through 1137 for a representative sample of views from the Cahuenga Pass East high elevation perspective.
From the higher elevation areas that have middle ground views of portions of the Project Site, Project development would not contrast with the existing urban character of the Entertainment, Studio, and Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Areas. The overall height of some Project structures, as well as potential signage, would be noticeable from this location, due to the area’s elevation and distance from the Project Site. However, Project development and signage would not substantially cover the existing field of view (i.e., a less than substantial change in coverage). Further, new development would not change the prominent view of the Project area, as the existing urban character of the area as seen from this location would remain with Project development. As all three criteria must be substantially affected by Project development to result in a significant impact, impacts from the high elevation areas would be less than significant.
From middle elevation areas Project development would not alter the visual prominence of the Entertainment and South Back Lot Visual Quality Areas from this perspective. As the Cahuenga Pass East area is over 1,000 feet from the Project Site, Project development would not substantially cover the available wide field of view. Project development and signage could potentially change the view of the southeastern slope of the Project Site from underdeveloped to developed, resulting in a change in contrast in this area of the Project Site. Nevertheless, Project development and potential signage would not change the prominent views from the Cahuenga Pass East middle elevation area and would not result in a change in contrast with the overall Project Site visible from this area given the large viewshed. Similarly, a substantial change in coverage is not anticipated from both Project development and signage, due to the wide field of view within this geographic area. Therefore, while the Project may cause changes to contrast in one area of the Project Site, it would not change the contrast with the overall Project Site and would not cause a change to prominence and coverage, and impacts to visual character would not be significant from middle elevation areas. Please refer to Figures 116A through 116C on pages 1138 through 1140 for a representative view from the middle elevation perspective.
From the Cahuenga Pass East lower elevation perspectives, residential locations are oriented toward the north and northeast, and thus the primary view is of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area in the middle ground. Please refer to Figure 117 on page 1141 for a representative sample of low elevation views. Only a handful of residential locations within the lower elevation perspective have views toward the Project Site. For those that have available views, they include a wide viewshed. Project improvements and potential signage in the landscaped slope south of Universal Hollywood Drive could represent a change in contrast in this portion of the Project Site. However, since this change would be occurring within a wide field of view wherein other visual resources would
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1088 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities remain visible, no substantial changes in coverage would occur. Further, given the field of view through the Project Site, a change in prominence would not occur, as the prominent view of the area would not substantially change with Project development and signage when viewed from these lower elevation areas.
Therefore, as all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to the Cahuenga Pass East geographic area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
From the Cahuenga Pass East high and middle elevation vantage points, middle ground and background valued view resources include Cahuenga Peak, the San Fernando Valley, and the Verdugo Mountains. Currently, there are no foreground views toward valued visual resources available from this area, due to intervening on- and off-site topography and vegetation. Due to the combination of elevation and distance from the Project Site at the high and mid elevation vantage points, Project development would occupy a small proportion of the available field of view and therefore would not affect long- range views of the identified valued visual resources.
As mentioned above, at the low elevation areas within Cahuenga Pass East, available views are less panoramic in nature due to a more north to northeasterly orientation and intervening on- and off-site vegetation. From these locations, the Entertainment Visual Quality Area and Hollywood Manor generally frame the views. From a few areas, there are available views of Cahuenga Peak in the background, across the Hollywood Manor area. However, Project development would not block the view of this visual resource, as the peak is located at a much higher elevation than the top of proposed Project structures and signs. Please refer to Figure 117 on page 1141 for a representative sample of low elevation views.
Since development of structures and signage would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent view resource, Project impacts from the Cahuenga Pass East geographic area would be less than significant.
(9) Cahuenga Pass West
(a) Visual Character
The Cahuenga Pass West area encompasses locations between 800 and 4,000 feet to the southwest of the southwestern corner of the Project Site. The Cahuenga Pass West area, similar to Cahuenga Pass East, provides perspectives from high (at elevations of
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1089 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities approximately 1,000 feet above mean sea level and above) to low (less than 800 feet above mean sea level) elevations.
Panoramic views toward the Project Site are available in an east/northeasterly direction from Cahuenga Pass West’s high elevation area, as seen in Figures 118A through 118F on pages 1142 through 1147. Available views are generally middle ground in nature, with background views across and over the Project Site. In contrast, foreground views are directly interrupted due to intervening topography and vegetation within the area itself.
Of the existing visual character of the area, the most prominent portions of the Project Site that can be seen include the Entertainment, Studio, and Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Areas. The North and South Back Lot Visual Quality Areas are generally not visible from this area, as the Entertainment Visual Quality Area and additional intervening topography obscure them. Views of the Entertainment, Studio, and Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Areas are characterized by views of surface parking, areas of inconsistent and deficient landscaping, garages, and buildings that have been developed without a consistent or directed theme. This results in a visual character that is cluttered and disorganized. The Project Site’s existing visual character results in the Project Site having an uneven visual relationship with surrounding residential and commercial uses.
Project development and signage would result in an increase in the overall amount of urban development, as viewed from this area. However, this new development and signage consistent with the proposed Specific Plan regulations would not contrast with the existing urban development visible from the Cahuenga Pass West area and would not be substantially more prominent than existing development within the available field of views. In addition, a wide field of view would remain available from vantage points with a viewshed of the Project Site and, therefore, would not create a substantial impact on coverage.
In adopting the Citywide ban on off-site and supergraphic signs, the City determined that supergraphic signs and off-site signs create substantial adverse aesthetic impacts. The proposed Project would include supergraphic and off-site signs within the Entertainment and Lankershim Visual Quality Areas in order to further the existing character of the Project Site as a major entertainment destination, theme park, and production studio. Supergraphics may be visible from certain viewpoints within the Cahuenga Pass West area. Therefore, these supergraphic and off-site signs would result in a significant impact to the visual character of the Lankershim Frontage and Entertainment Visual Quality Areas.
While Project development would increase the overall amount of urban development, as viewed from the Cahuenga Pass West area, the Project’s aesthetic improvements would offset otherwise adverse visual impacts from supergraphic and off-site signs to the extent that the signs would be visible from this area. The Project would replace City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1090 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities the Project Site’s existing uneven edges with a coordinated system of new landscaping, thematic elements and architectural and lighting treatments, which would substantially improve the Project Site’s aesthetics as viewed from this and other areas. Existing views of surface parking lots and garages would be replaced by views of landscaping and buildings that comply with an array of design principles, guidelines and standards adopted through the proposed City and County Specific Plans. As identified in the City Specific Plan and Design Guidelines, landscaping features, such as dense masses of tall-growing evergreen trees, trellis structures or frames, or other landscape treatments would be established to create visual definition to screen views of existing and future parking structures and outdoor storage areas that detract from the Project Site’s existing visual character. Additionally, new and existing buildings would be used to create a cohesive skyline and to further identify the Project Site as a unified development. The improvements to the Project Site’s visual character as seen from this area, therefore, would offset the otherwise adverse impacts to visual character that the supergraphic and off-site signs would have, and any visible supergraphic signs would be consistent with the existing urban character and entertainment center uses within this area. Accordingly, no substantial changes in contrast would occur.
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts from the Cahuenga Pass West area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
From the Cahuenga Pass West high and middle elevation vantage points, background view resources include the Verdugo Mountains and the San Fernando Valley. Due to the combination of elevation and distance from the Project Site, Project development would occupy a small portion of the available field of view and therefore would not affect long-range views of the Verdugo Mountains and the San Fernando Valley. This is especially true for vantage points that have views across the Project Site. There are also existing middle ground views of Cahuenga Peak to the east of the Project Site from various middle and high elevation locations. Under the Project, development could potentially block small portions of the viewshed towards Cahuenga Peak; however, given the overall wide viewshed available towards Cahuenga Peak, impacts would be less than significant, as the prominent view of Cahuenga Peak would remain.
As mentioned above, at the low elevation areas within this geographic area, available views are less panoramic in nature due to a more northeasterly orientation and the presence of intervening off-site vegetation and structures. Background view resources such as the Verdugo Mountains, Cahuenga Peak, and San Fernando Valley are not visible from the lower elevation perspectives. Roadway vantage points would not have available views of visual resources, as they are not generally oriented towards the Project Site. City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1091 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Since development of structures and signage under the proposed Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent view resource, Project impacts from the Cahuenga Pass West geographic area would be less than significant.
(10) Universal City Metro Red Line Station & Campo de Cahuenga
(a) Visual Character
The Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga as well as their associated parking areas are located approximately 100 feet west of the Project Site’s western border. This geographic area currently has views towards the Lankershim Frontage and Studio Visual Quality Areas. Please refer to Figure 119 on page 1148. Because of its proximity to the Project Site, views of the Project Site from the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga are limited to those buildings located on the Project Site’s edge along Lankershim Boulevard.
The visual character of this geographic area is highly urbanized, with low- to high- rise structures along the entire Lankershim Boulevard frontage. Developed over many years without a cohesive design principle, the visual character of the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area is cluttered and confusing resulting in a visual cacophony. The existing landscaping, security concrete K-rails, fencing, surface parking and buildings along Lankershim Boulevard between the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and the Hollywood Freeway do not create a sense of place and result in an uneven visual relationship with surrounding residential and commercial uses. This lack of cohesive visual character is magnified from a pedestrian’s perspective by inconsistent sidewalk widths, inconsistent sidewalk treatments, and a lack of pedestrian-scaled lighting.
Potential changes associated with the proposed Project would not be anticipated to result in a substantial change in contrast because of the continued foreground view of urban development that would remain from this geographic area. The buildings permitted along Lankershim Boulevard would consist of a mix of mid- to high-rise structures. This type of development would contribute to the existing “urban skyline” in this area, and in so doing would reinforce the existing pattern of mid- to high-rise development along Lankershim Boulevard, as viewed from the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga area.
Given the proximity of the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga to the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, a change in prominence is not anticipated to occur with the addition of Project-related buildings. Currently, the Lew Wasserman Building (approximately 185 feet in height) and the 10 Universal City Plaza office building (over 500 feet in height) are the most prominent features from this
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1092 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities geographic area. These buildings are taller than all the surrounding on-site buildings in the field of view. Thus, an adverse impact with regard to prominence would not occur, as Project development is consistent with existing development patterns and prominent views. With regards to coverage, a wide field of view is currently available from this geographic area and Project development would not block a substantial portion of this available view (i.e., no substantial change in coverage would occur).
As shown in Figure 119 on page 1148, the Project Site as viewed from this location is one of an entertainment center with an existing variety of sign types and sizes. To further the existing character of this location as a major entertainment destination, theme park and production studio, the proposed Project would include supergraphic and off-site signs within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area. These supergraphics may be visible from certain viewpoints within the Universal Metro Red Line Station or the Campo de Cahuenga. In adopting the Citywide ban on off-site and supergraphic signs, the City determined that supergraphic signs and off-site signs create substantial adverse aesthetic impacts. Therefore, these supergraphic and off-site signs would result in a significant impact to the visual character of the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area.
Supergraphic and off-site signs introduced within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area would present a change in prominence due to the general increase in signage types and amounts within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area as compared to existing conditions.
The Project, however, would improve the existing visual character of the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, which improvements offset the otherwise adverse visual impacts from supergraphic and off-site signs. The Project would replace the existing assorted and disconnected landscaping and security features along Lankershim Boulevard with a cohesive landscape and streetscape plan that would enhance the visual character of this area as compared to the existing conditions. Improvements include planting a consistent street tree, consistently sized and spaced planting areas, and landscaping within the proposed Specific Plan areas to maintain consistency with the rights-of-way landscaping. Streetscape improvements and the development of new buildings within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area would replace the existing disconnected improvements with a cohesive and integrated streetscape design that would visually integrate public and private improvements and would promote visual compatibility with the surrounding neighborhoods. Pedestrian-scaled lighting and other pedestrian-scaled elements to the streetscape would improve the area’s visual character during the day and night and would increase pedestrian safety and comfort, which would encourage pedestrian use of Lankershim Boulevard and activate this edge of the Project Site. Pursuant to the County Specific Plan and Design Plan, the gate at James Stewart Avenue would also receive special architectural treatments, new landscaping, and improved pedestrian access. Existing security fencing that often forms a walled-off effect along
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1093 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Lankershim Boulevard would be replaced with vertical steel bar fencing that would allow views of the Project Site instead of a solid wall. Given these proposed improvements to the Project Site’s visual character and the existing uses presently located within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, no substantial changes in contrast would occur, since the Project’s proposed improvements would offset the otherwise adverse visual impacts from supergraphic and off-site signs.
Thus, as all three criteria (i.e., coverage, prominence, and contrast) must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, visual character impacts related to structure development and signage visible from the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
No views of valued visual resources are available across the Project Site or adjoining off-site areas from the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga. Since the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of prominent view resources, Project impacts from the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga geographic area would be less than significant.
(11) Weddington Park (South)
(a) Visual Character
Weddington Park (South) is located west of the western edge of the Project Site across Lankershim Boulevard and beyond the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga. Within the available viewshed, current views directed towards the Project Site from this area are limited to intermittent middle ground and background views of the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, the Studio Visual Quality Area and portions of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area beyond the Universal City Metro Red Line Station, Campo de Cahuenga and Lankershim Boulevard. The overall visual impression of the Project Site from this geographic area is one of urban development.
As shown in Figures 120A through 120B onpages 1149 and 1150, Project development would not present a substantial change in contrast or prominence to the Project Site as viewed from Weddington Park (South). Proposed changes or additions to the Project Site would be consistent with the current uses, which include, but are not limited to, studio, office, entertainment, retail, and related uses. Project development would also not present a change in coverage. Project development along Lankershim could consist of a mix of mid- to high-rise structures. The Project development would contribute to the existing urban skyline, which would be perceived from many areas within Weddington Park
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1094 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(South). The perception of urban development would help reinforce the existing visual character of mid- to high-rise structures along Lankershim Boulevard.
Some Project signage developed within the Lankershim Edge Sign District (i.e., the western edge of the Project Site) could be visible from within Weddington Park (South), as shown in Figures 120A through 120B onpages 1149 and 1150. Specifically, supergraphic signs may be visible from the Weddington Park (South) area. In adopting the Citywide ban on off-site and supergraphic signs, the City determined that supergraphic signs and off-site signs create substantial adverse aesthetic impacts. Therefore, these supergraphic and off- site signs would result in a significant impact to the visual character of this viewshed.
As discussed above, the Project would improve the existing visual character of the Project Site, which improvements would offset the otherwise adverse visual impacts from supergraphic and off-site signs. The Project’s streetscape improvements and the development of new buildings would replace the existing disconnected improvements with a cohesive and integrated design that would visually integrate public and private improvements and would promote visual compatibility with the surrounding neighborhoods. Street-facing facades of new buildings would further define the character of the streetscape and provide a coordinated and unified image. Skyline silhouette treatment, which conveys a unified sense of place, would continue and extend existing treatments that contribute to the Project Site’s visual character. Since the Project’s proposed improvements would off- set the otherwise adverse visual impacts from supergraphic and off-site signs, no substantial changes in contrast would occur.
Therefore, as all three criteria (i.e., coverage, prominence, and contrast) must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the Weddington Park (South) geographic area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Visual Resources
Views presently available from Weddington Park (South) include limited views of the Santa Monica Mountains to the east, including a small portion of Cahuenga Peak. From Weddington Park (South) views east and toward Cahuenga Peak would occur through limited view corridors across the Project Site. Project development could block the limited views of this visual resource and result in a change to the proportion of the available field of view. Even though changes could occur within a narrow field of view, thereby affecting the coverage of a visual resource, the prominent view would not substantially change. In particular, the degree to which Cahuenga Peak stands out within the context of the entirety of the visual environment and the overall orientation of the vantage point towards the visual resource would not cause a substantial change in prominence. Since the Project would not
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1095 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities result in a substantial adverse impact to a prominent view resource, Project impacts from the Weddington Park (South) geographic area would be less than significant.
(12) City View Lofts/Island
(a) Visual Character
City View Lofts is located approximately 100 feet west of the Project Site’s western edge. Easterly facing residences of City View Lofts currently have a perspective of mid- to high-rise buildings located within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area. Southerly facing residences of City View Lofts have views of the mid- to high-rise buildings within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area beyond Weddington Park (South) and the Universal City Metro Red Line Station, as shown in Figure 121 on page 1151. As such, the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area is the most visibly prominent portion of the Project Site and proportionally constitutes a majority of the available field of foreground views for the easterly facing residences. The Carl Laemmle Building and Technicolor building near the entrance gate are both prominent in the middle ground, as shown in Figure 122 on page 1152. Depending on the orientation of the observer, background views include the Santa Monica Mountains to the south and the Verdugo Mountains to the north. Northerly and westerly facing residential vantage points do not offer views in the direction of the Project Site.
Potential buildings and signage associated with the Project would not constitute a substantial change in contrast since existing views of urban development would continue to be visible from this geographic area. Specifically, Project development within this area along Lankershim Boulevard would help reinforce the character of this area as an entertainment center. Some changes in the prominence of the urban skyline could result from the increased building heights that may occur. With regard to coverage, for the few residences that are able to see the Project Site from this location, a wide field of view is available. As such, Project development would not block a substantial portion of this available view (i.e., no major changes in coverage would occur).
Similar to the discussion above under the Universal City Metro Red Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga geographic area, supergraphic and off-site signage introduced within the Lankershim Edge Sign District could present a change in prominence due to the general increase in signage type and amount within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area, as compared to existing conditions. However, as proposed signage would be limited in location (i.e., animated and moving signs would be prohibited from facing residential land uses), and overall size and height, substantial changes in coverage would not occur.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1096 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Further, given the existing uses presently located along the eastern side of Lankershim Boulevard, no substantial changes in contrast would occur, since signage would be consistent with the existing urban character and entertainment center uses within this area. Signage within the Lankershim Frontage View Quality Area could include supergraphic and off-site signs. In adopting the Citywide ban on off-site and supergraphic signs the City determined that supergraphic signs and off-site signs create substantial adverse aesthetic impacts. Therefore, these off-site and supergraphic signs would result in a significant impact to the visual character of the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area.
Under the proposed County Specific Plan, supergraphic signs could not be installed north of James Stewart Avenue, thus limiting the visibility of potential supergraphics from City View Lofts. Further, even if supergraphic signs were visible, as discussed above, the Project would substantially improve the visual character of the Lankershim Frontage View Quality Area through the implementation of streetscape improvements and the development of new buildings within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area that would replace the existing disconnected improvements with a cohesive and integrated streetscape design that would visually integrate public and private improvements and would promote visual compatibility with the surrounding neighborhoods. These Project improvements to the existing visual character of this area would offset the otherwise adverse visual impacts from supergraphic and off-site signs.
Therefore, as all three criteria (i.e., coverage, prominence, and contrast) must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the City View Lofts area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Due to the design and orientation of the City View Lofts development, views in a number of directions from various vantage points within the development are available. Views that are oriented in an easterly direction (see Figure 122 on page 1152) are focused directly towards the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area. For view locations that are generally located closest to Lankershim Boulevard, foreground views of urban development and streetscapes are available, including the high-rise towers located adjacent to the southwest corner of the Project Site. Furthermore, there are some intermittent, obstructed views of ridgelines within the Santa Monica Foothills and small portions of Cahuenga Peak from the eastern side of this geographic area. As such, the valued visual resource as viewed from this area would be limited portions of the Santa Monica Mountains, including Cahuenga Peak in the background and across the Project Site to the east.
From the City View Lofts, views east and toward Cahuenga Peak occur through view corridors across the Project Site due to existing on-site development. Project development could interfere with some views, however, the degree to which Cahuenga City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1097 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
Peak stands out within the context of the entirety of the visual environment and the overall orientation of the vantage point towards the visual resource would not cause a substantial change in prominence. Since the Project would not result in a substantial adverse impact to a prominent view resource, Project impacts from the City View Lofts geographic area would be less than significant.
(13) Toluca Estates
(a) Visual Character
The Toluca Estates residential area is located to the north of the Project Site, across the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel. The Toluca Estates area includes extensive stands of mature trees, which serve to limit views outside the neighborhood and separate the available field of view towards the Project Site into a limited number of view corridors, as shown in Figure 123 on page 1153. As a result, vantage points within this area have foreground views dominated by the existing off-site vegetation and limited middle ground views of the Studio and Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Areas, and the Carl Laemmle and Technicolor Buildings in particular. More noticeable than the on-site buildings are the limited background views of the high-rise structures located south/southwest of the Project Site, most evidently the 10 Universal City Plaza office building.
Project development would permit structure heights relatively taller than what exists currently. The impact of future development could be to shift the prominent view to a new high-rise building situated to the west of the Carle Laemmle Building and south of the Technicolor Building. However, as this view would be similar in character to current high- rise views available from the Toluca Estates geographic area, no substantial change in contrast would be anticipated.
There would be no major changes in coverage to the visual character viewshed toward the south/southeast, as a majority of the view would still be available in this direction with Project development. The future on-site buildings, for the most part, would occupy the portion of the viewshed currently filled by existing high-rise development. While the future on-site buildings would occupy an additional portion of the available viewshed, the change in coverage would not be substantial given the overall field of view. Therefore, Project development would not result in a substantial change in coverage. However, Project development would shift the prominent view from the existing off-site building to a new on-site structure. This would constitute a change in prominence; nevertheless, changes in contrast and coverage would not be substantial.
When considering signage impacts to this geographic area, pursuant to the proposed County Specific Plan, signage in the Northern Edge Sign District visible from Toluca Estates would be limited to Building Identification signs of a maximum of City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1098 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
500 square feet Information Signs of 25 square feet and Internal signs. In addition, a variety of sign types and sizes would also be permitted along the Lankershim Boulevard frontage, some of which may be within the available field of view from this geographic area. Project signage occurring in the context of buildings would not introduce a layer of contrast that goes beyond the building itself nor occupy a greater portion of the available viewshed. Freestanding Information and Temporary signs would be up to 40 feet above grade and would generally be screened by vegetation within this area. As a result, Project signage in the Northern Edge Sign District would not result in a substantial change with regard to coverage or contrast. Project signage in the Northern Edge Sign District would also not result in a substantial change in prominence as freestanding signs or identification signs that are placed on the building would not increase the impact beyond that caused by the building itself (see discussion above). Signage introduced within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area could present a change in prominence due to the general increase in signage types and amounts within the Lankershim Frontage Visual Quality Area as compared to existing conditions. However, given the limitations on the size, height and location of proposed signage and the existing uses presently located along the eastern side of Lankershim Boulevard, no substantial changes in coverage or contrast would occur, since signage would be consistent with the existing urban character and entertainment center uses within this area and affect only a limited portion of the field of view.
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts to visual character from the Toluca Estates geographic area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Due to the low elevation of the Toluca Estates geographic area and the mature stands of trees in the neighborhood, as shown in Figure 123 on page 1153, no views of valued visual resources in the direction of the Project Site are available. Therefore, Project impacts on views from the Toluca Estates geographic area would be less than significant.
(14) Toluca Lake
(a) Visual Character
The Toluca Lake residential area is located approximately 1,000 feet to the north of the Project Site beyond the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and the Lakeside Golf Club. Views of the Project Site from within the Toluca Lake area, as shown in Figure 124 on page 1154, are limited, although a few of the larger structures within the Entertainment Visual Quality Area can be seen, including The SimpsonsTM Ride attraction. Views from the Toluca Lake geographic area are intermittent because of the extensive
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1099 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities vegetation and mature trees within the Lakeside Golf Club located between the residences in this area and the Project Site. While intermittent views are available, the combination of the distance between the Project Site and the extensive vegetation serve to reduce the overall visibility of the Project Site. Therefore, views of the Project Site from Toluca Lake would not be substantially affected by Project development or potential signage. In addition, from the segment of Forman Avenue near Moorpark Street, development and signage allowed under the Project would preserve the visual prominence of the Entertainment Visual Quality Area. As the long-range views of on-site buildings and other structures are currently intermittently visible above and through the tree lines, no substantial changes in contrast, coverage, or prominence would occur with the development of the proposed Project, Similarly, potential signage, whether freestanding or on the façade of a building, would be intermittently visible above and through the tree lines, which would cause no substantial changes in contrast, coverage, or prominence. Project impacts from the Toluca Lake geographic area would be less than significant.
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Presently, no prominent view resources are visible across the Project Site from the Toluca Lake geographic area. Therefore, no potential exists for the Project to block valued view resources available from this area. As the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a valued view resource, Project impacts from the Toluca Lake geographic area would be less than significant.
(15) Lakeside Golf Club
(a) Visual Character
The Lakeside Golf Club, which consists of a clubhouse, golf course, and tennis courts, is located approximately 150 feet north of the Project Site, across the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel. As stated earlier, the Lakeside Golf Club currently provides intermittent southerly views of the Project Site. As represented in Figure 125 on page 1155, these views are discontinuous due to the extensive number of mature trees scattered throughout the golf course, and the undulating nature of the topography. Views of the Project Site from the golf course include development within the North Back Lot Visual Quality Area, the Studio Visual Quality Area, the Entertainment Visual Quality Area, and portions of the eastern edges of the site. The SimpsonsTM Ride Building, the Curious George Parking Garage, and additional structures associated with Universal CityWalk and the Universal Studios Hollywood theme park are especially noticeable from within this geographic area. The northern portions of the Mixed-Use Residential Area are also noticeable, namely the Lakeside Plaza office building and associated uses.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1100 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
The extent to which Project development is visible from this area is highly dependent on the location and orientation of the vantage point within this area. For example, when the orientation of the view is to the east, north or west, the Project Site is either not visible or has limited visibility due to golf course vegetation and the distance between these locations and the Project Site. Please see Figure 125 on page 1155 for an example of this view. On the other hand, at locations closest to the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel or facing the Project Site that are not screened by vegetation or topography, the Project Site occupies a large proportion of the field of view. While new development would be noticeable, a less than substantial change in view coverage would occur, as new development would not increase the portion of the Project Site that can be seen from this area. Due to the “stepped” nature of the Project (i.e., Project building heights within the Studio and Entertainment Areas increase as the distance from the Lakeside Golf Club increases), no substantial changes in prominence would occur. In other words, the visual character experienced from vantage points located away from the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and/or not directed toward the Project Site would be of the golf course itself (i.e., mature trees and vegetation), while the visual character experienced at locations close to the Los Angeles River Flood Control Channel and/or oriented toward the Project Site would remain of the Project Site. In addition, no substantial changes in contrast would occur since the Project would reinforce the existing developed nature of the Project Site as viewed from the Lakeside Golf Club. Therefore, changes in coverage, contrast and prominence would not be substantial.
Portions of future signage developed within the Northern Edge and Studio and Entertainment Sign Districts under the proposed County Specific Plan would be visible from the Lakeside Golf Club, given its close proximity to the northern portions of the Project Site. Signage in the Northern Edge Sign District visible from this geographic area would be limited to Building Identification signs of a maximum of 500 square feet, Information Signs of 25 square feet and Internal Signs. Signage in the Studio Area would include a range of Area, Building and Tenant Identification Signs, On-Site Signs, Information Signs, and Temporary Signs. A substantial change in prominence would not occur within the Northern Edge and Studio and Entertainment Sign Districts, since signage developed with or without buildings would not alter the current prominent view from this geographic area. The implementation of the maximum permitted signage within the Studio Area could represent a change in contrast as compared with the existing signage within the Studio Visual Quality Areas. Future on-site signage, for the most part, would occupy the portion of the viewshed currently filled by existing high-rise development and signs. While the future on-site signage would occupy an additional portion of the available viewshed, the change in coverage would not be substantial given the overall field of view available from this geographic area.
As all three criteria must be substantially affected by the Project to result in a significant impact, Project impacts from this viewpoint would be less than significant.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1101 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
(b) Views of Valued Visual Resources
Various intermittent views of portions of the Santa Monica Mountains are available beyond the Project Site to the east, southeast, and southwest. Cahuenga Peak is visible in the background looking southeast across the northeast corner of the Project Site. However, no views of the Santa Monica Mountains are available looking directly south, due to existing topography and development within the Entertainment Visual Quality Area. While these visual resources are available, they can only be seen from a limited number of locations within this geographic area due to the presence of mature trees and vegetation within the golf course itself. Development of the proposed Project in the Studio Visual Quality Area and in the North and South Back Lot Visual Quality Areas could potentially result in the coverage of some views toward the southeast and southwest of the Santa Monica Mountains, although views to the east of Cahuenga Peak would remain visible. While there may be a reduction in some views towards these visual resources from within this geographic area, some views would remain. Since the Project would not result in the substantial coverage of a prominent view resource, Project impacts from the Lakeside Golf Club geographic area would be less than significant.
e. Summary of Visual Character Impact Analysis
The preceding analysis identifies the potential for the proposed Project to substantially change the visual character of the Project Site when viewed from 15 representative geographic areas, which include all areas surrounding the Project Site as well as at varying topographical elevations. Based on a conservative analysis of changes in contrast, prominence, and coverage, it is concluded that whereas within some of the geographic areas substantial changes to one or two of the stated criteria could occur, overall the 15 geographic areas analyzed would not experience substantial changes to all the criteria contrast, coverage and prominence). As none of the 15 geographic areas, including designated City scenic highways as well as City park and recreational facilities, would experience a substantial change with regard to all three criteria, a less than significant impact on visual character would occur at all of the geographic areas with respect to proposed development and signage.
f. Summary of Views Impact Analysis
The potential for Project structures and signage to substantially obstruct views of valued visual resources from 15 representative geographic areas was analyzed, focusing on the prominence and coverage of the valued view resources. The analysis concluded that less than significant view impacts would occur from all locations surrounding the Project Site given the expansive views available to a majority of communities surrounding the Project Site. Similarly, the low elevation areas of these communities and the Toluca Estates and Toluca Lake neighborhoods would not experience significant view impacts
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1102 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities because view resources beyond the Project Site are either not presently visible, not prominent from these neighborhoods or would not be blocked by Project development.
g. Project Consistency with Existing Regulatory Framework
(1) City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework
The City of Los Angeles General Plan Framework Element (Framework) provides goals and objectives for the visual character of the City as a whole. The Framework also includes neighborhood-wide design policies directed toward all types of neighborhoods. These policies include enhancing the livability of all neighborhoods through well-designed buildings, creating safe and secure public spaces, and planning for attractive outdoor areas. The proposed Project would not construct buildings or create outdoor spaces within any existing neighborhoods, and therefore would not affect the implementation of these policies. The Framework encourages pedestrian-oriented neighborhood districts, community centers, and subareas within regional centers to serve as the focus of activity and investment for individual communities across Los Angeles. Based on the objectives of the proposed Project, which include continuing the tradition of outdoor uses, improving the local and regional economy, and recognizing important relationships with neighbors, the Project would be consistent with these Framework policies. Therefore, the proposed Project would not be anticipated to conflict with any aesthetic policies in the Framework Element, and impacts would be less than significant. Please refer to Section IV.A, Land Use Plans, for additional information regarding Project consistency with the policies and programs set forth in the City’s General Plan Framework Element.
(2) Sherman Oaks – Studio City – Toluca Lake – Cahuenga Pass Community Plan
The Community Plan provides additional goals and objectives related to visual character for the area surrounding the Project Site. As discussed in the Environmental Setting portion of this Section, the Community Plan seeks “to preserve and enhance the varied and distinct residential character and integrity in existing single and multi-family neighborhoods.” This objective is designed to be achieved in part through policies that consider the compatibility of land uses and neighborhood character and identity. As discussed in the preceding visual character and views analysis, the Project Site is currently nearby or adjacent to several existing neighborhoods within the Community Plan area. Since the Project would be separated from the existing neighborhoods of Oakwood Apartments, Hollywood Knolls, Mulholland Ridge, Cahuenga Pass, Toluca Lake, the City View Lofts along Lankershim Boulevard by intervening roadways and other land uses, it would not be anticipated to have a substantial affect on the neighborhood character of these areas. Rather, the introduction of residences under the proposed Project would help enhance the residential character of uses surrounding the Project Site. In addition, due to City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1103 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities the close proximity of Hollywood Manor to the Project Site, there exists the potential for contrast and coverage impacts to a very limited number of residential vantage points (i.e., 8 to 12 homes) and one roadway vantage point. However, given the overall context of development proposed under the Project and the relationship of intermittent and limited views toward the Project Site from a select number of locations within this area, no significant impacts would occur. Please refer to Section IV.A, Land Use Plans, for additional information regarding Project consistency with the policies and programs set forth in the City’s Sherman Oaks - Studio City - Toluca Lake - Cahuenga Pass Community Plan.
h. Construction Impacts
Construction activities typically include both a disturbance in existing natural and fabricated features and the development of structures that, at least temporarily, are devoid of external treatments designed to improve visual character. These could cause substantial changes in local contrast and prominence if they occur within close proximity to adjacent viewpoints, and are uncharacteristic of the existing setting. Construction of tall structures includes the use of temporary towers and cranes that can interfere with existing view lines. Construction activities under the proposed Project could potentially be visible from viewpoints that currently have views of the Project Site.
In terms of visual character, construction activities under the proposed Project would result in temporary changes to the visual environment when viewed from those off-site locations that have visual access of the Project Site. The extent to which the construction of the Project’s buildings would affect the field of view and result in changes in contrast, coverage or prominence would be the same as the Project buildings when framing is completed and lower than the Project prior to that point. As such, Project construction impacts would be temporary and would be comparable, but not exceed, those identified above once framing is complete and less than that before framing is completed.
With respect to views, proposed Project construction activities would introduce a variety of new structures and equipment onto the Project Site, potentially including scaffolding, cranes, and support vehicles. This activity would have the same effect with respect to view blockage as the Project once framing is complete, and a lesser impact before framing is completed. In addition, this activity would not be anticipated to substantially block views of existing prominent visual resources since the construction would occur over varying lengths of time (i.e., not all areas of the Project Site would be under construction at one time and therefore view corridors would likely still be available around any particular area of construction). As such, this activity would have effects that do not exceed those identified above during Project operations with respect to view blockage, and as such, impacts would be considered less than significant.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1104 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
i. Impacts Under No Annexation Scenario
The proposed annexation/detachment of land areas between the City of Los Angeles and County of Los Angeles would not alter the potential for visual character and view impacts; the potential significance level of any visual impacts would be independent of jurisdictional boundaries. As such, potential impacts would remain the same (i.e., less than significant), if the proposed annexation/detachment actions are not implemented.
4. Cumulative Impacts
Development of the Project Site in combination with other future projects in the immediately surrounding area could contribute to cumulative visual impacts, resulting in a gradual change in the perception of the Project Site and surrounding areas over time. In general, the land use plans that guide development in the Project area anticipate the intensification of the existing commercial, industrial and studio production land uses in the surrounding area, while preserving existing residential areas. Development of low-rise structures and lower intensity development would not be anticipated to have a substantial aesthetic effect since the Project area is already urbanized. However, development allowed under the proposed Project could include future development of mid- or high-rise structures that may change the skyline in this area over time. Specifically, Related Project 65, the proposed Metro Universal project, which is located across Lankershim Boulevard from the Project Site, is a related project that could meet these criteria and contribute to a cumulative impact. As such, additional analysis of potential cumulative impacts of the Project and the proposed Metro Universal project are discussed further. Other related projects are excluded from this discussion due to their distance or overall proposed scope of work.
The proposed Project, in conjunction with the proposed Metro Universal project, would cause a cumulative change in the visual character of the area due to the addition of high-rise development on both development sites as well as comprehensive signage programs. The Metro Universal Draft EIR concludes that the proposed Metro Universal project would result in the following significant visual character and views impacts: (1) significant visual character impacts due to proposed development from portions of Weddington Park (South) and Lankershim Boulevard as well as from Campo de Cahuenga Way, respectively; (2) significant visual character impacts due to signage at the locations identified above as well as from portions of the Hollywood Freeway, Ventura Boulevard; Weddington Park (South); and (3) significant view impacts from locations along Lankershim Boulevard and Campo de Cahuenga Way. While Project development would result in less than significant visual quality impacts at all of these locations, the Project’s incremental effects on the significant impacts caused by the proposed Metro Universal project were considered.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1105 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
As shown in Figures 112A through 113, 115A through 117, 118A through 118F, 120A and 120B, 121 and 122, and 123, various views from Hollywood Knolls, Cahuenga Pass East, Cahuenga Pass West, Weddington Park (South), City View Lofts, and Toluca Estates would encompass both projects once fully developed. However, the visual character of these geographic areas would not change nor would views of prominent visual resources be blocked.
When geographically nearer the proposed Metro Universal project, Project development along Lankershim Boulevard would be even less visible from Weddington Park (South) than under Project conditions, as shown in Figure 120A on page 1149. Although the proposed Metro Universal project would be more prominent from this view, the potential incremental effect on the visual character and views from this area would not be cumulatively considerable. The view of the Project Site from the Campo de Cahuenga would be the same since the proposed Metro Universal project surrounds the Campo de Cahuenga except on the east, in the direction of the Project Site. Therefore, views towards the Project Site from the Campo de Cahuenga would not change with the proposed Metro Universal project.
As viewed from the Hollywood Freeway and Ventura Boulevard, future development on the Project Site would reinforce the existing character of this area as an entertainment center. Since the Lankershim Boulevard edge of the Project Site is currently highly developed, views from areas to the north of the proposed Metro Universal project (i.e., City View Lofts) in a southerly direction would similarly reinforce the existing character of the area as a business and entertainment center (see Figure 121 on page 1151). In particular, the proposed Metro Universal project, which would have limited or no views of the Project Site, would mostly encompass views in a southerly direction from the City View Lofts. Conversely, views from areas north and south of the proposed Metro Universal Project in an easterly direction would not include portions of the proposed Metro Universal project.
Overall, the potential incremental effect on visual character and views in this area would not be cumulatively considerable, as most views in the direction of the Project Site would be either completely blocked by the proposed Metro Universal project, or would not include an incremental effect when coupled with the proposed Project.
5. Project Design Features and Mitigation Measures
a. Project Design Features
The proposed City and County Specific Plans include project design features that govern the respective portions of the Project Site and provide regulations with respect to visual character and aesthetics.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1106 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review IV.D. Visual Qualities
b. Mitigation Measures
As Project impacts during construction and operations are less than significant, no mitigation measures are required.
6. Level of Significance After Mitigation
Project impacts during construction and operations, with regard to visual character and views, are less than significant.
City of Los Angeles NBC Universal Evolution Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report November 2010
Page 1107 WORKING DRAFT - Not for Public Review Edith Head Building Technicolor Building Carl Laemmle Building Back To The Future (elev. 611’) (elev. 610’) (elev. 665’) (elev. 850’)
LOS AN GELES RIVER FL OOD CO NTRO L CHANNEL
Lew Wasserman Building (elev. 760’) Lakeside Plaza Building
LANKERSHIM BLVD
UNIVERSAL HOLLYWOOD DRIVE
Frankenstein Parking Structure
US 101 HOLLYWOOD FREEWAY
D
V L
B
S Legend O I D Jurassic Parking Structure U T S L BARHAM BLVD (elev. 805’) A Lankershim Frontage VQA S R E V I Curious George Studio VQA N U Parking Structure North Back Lot VQA (elev. 860’) Entertainment VQA South Back Lot VQA
CAHUENGA BLVD 0 200 400 600 800 Feet
Source: NBC Universal, 2010.
Figure 98 Visual Quality Areas (VQAs)
Page 1108 LOS ANGELES RIVER FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL
1B
2A US 101 HOLLYWOOD FREEWAY UNIVERSAL
LANKERSHIM BLVDHOLLYWOOD DR
1A
2B
BLAIR DR
UNIVERSAL BARHAM BLVD STUDIOS BLVD 1A Universal Mixed-Use Sign District 2C 1B Universal City Town Center Sign District CAHUENGA BLVD 2A Studio Administration Sign District 2B Studio Technical Lot Sign District 2C Universal City Southern Entry Point Sign 2D Universal City Barham Sign 0 200 400 600 800 2D Feet Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios, 2010.
Figure 99 City Sign Districts
Page 1109 LOS A N G ELE 2 S R I V E R FLO O D C O NTR O L C H AN N
E L
D
V L
B
M I H S R
KE N A L
1 D
R
3 A
V
E
L
U
O
B
M
A
H
R U
A
N
B I V
E R S A L H O US101 HOLLYWOOD FREEWAY S L L Y O W I O O D D D D R V U L 4 T B S
L A S R E E V V I I N R U D I R 1 Lankershim Edge Sign District A B L BUDD
Y 2 Northern Edge Sign District HOLLY
CAHUENGA BLVD D 3 Studio & Entertainment Sign District R
4 Visitor Gateway Sign District
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios, 2010.
0 500 1000 1500 2000 Figure 100 County Sign Districts Feet
Page 1110
X ST CALIFORNI
AVE
IN ST
LEDGE ALAMEDA AVE A ST SARAH ST SARAH ST
RIVERSIDE DR
VD ROSE ST
LANKERSHIM BLVD L
PASS AVE VE LANDALE ST VD
OFA AVE OFA MOORPARK ST STROHM AVE STROHM 24 OLIVE A CLYBOURN A
T C WARNER BL
TAL LYBOURN VE
V CAHUENGA B
I N T E BLOOMFIELD ST OL L UC VD A A LAKE N A V VE E AVE
D WARNER BL FORMAN A FORMAN 101 A WHIPPLE ST NAV VE AJO ST
VALLEY SPRING LN RE VE FO ACAMA ST TOLUCA ACAMA ST LAKE HOOD A 3 25 23 ESTATES DR ESTATES 8 LOS ANGELES RIVER FLOOD CONTROL CHANNEL 5 FAIRAVE 22 9
VA BLUFFSIDE DR L L DR 21 EY RT 4 HEA R
20 D 19 E D
EUREK D 7 BLUFFSI R FRUITLAND DR
N O A Project Y DR V AN IN C ELA Site ND AVE
E T 6 COY O AUR IM BLVD I L E H RS E D 18 K 10 R N VD A L
L VENTUR A B LVD 11 BARHAM B 16
CAHUENGA BLVD L OAK 12 A G K
L US 101 HOLLYWOOD FREEWAY E EN D R AVE H 17 A O L L HILL DR Y E W NI 13 PRIMER O N O BO D DR MULHO A DR LLAN LI 15 D D MI R
BENNETT DR UPPER HOLLYWOOD RESERVOIR 14 DRO OD W W IL S
O O W N D R
Photo Location Note: Viewpoint Photo Location numbering and Viewpoint starts with Photo Location 3. Direction
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 101 Viewpoint Photo Locations
Page 1111 24
3 25 23 8 L O S A N G E L E S RI V E R F L OOD CO 5 N T RO L C H 22 A N
N EL 9
D V
21L
B 4
M I 20 H
ERS 19 K 7
LAN
D
R
A
V
E
L
U
O
B
M
A
H
R
A
U 6B N I V E R S A L 18 H 10 O L U S101 LY W S O O O D I H D D OLLYWOO R D V U L T B S D FR L EEWA A 11 S Y R E E V I V I N R U D I R BUDDY A 16 B L
H OL 12
LY D CAHU
R 17 EN GA BL V D 13
15
14
Note: Viewpoint Photo Location numbering Photo Location starts with Photo Location 3. and Viewpoint Direction
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios, 2010.
Figure 102 Viewpoint Photo Locations on Aerial Photograph
Page 1112 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
3
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 103 Barham Boulevard - South
Page 1113 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
4
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 104 Barham Boulevard - South
Page 1114 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
5
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 105 Barham Boulevard - South
Page 1115 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
6
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 106 Barham Boulevard - North
Page 1116 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
7
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 107 Barham Boulevard - North
Page 1117 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
8
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 108 Forest Lawn Drive - West
Page 1118 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
9
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 109 Oakwood Garden Apartments
Page 1119 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
10
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 110 Hollywood Manor
Page 1120 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
11
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 111 Hollywood Manor
Page 1121 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE CUMULATIVE IMPACT (Proposed Metro Universal Project Phase 1 and 2 Option A)
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
12
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 112A Hollywood Knolls
Page 1122 CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2 OPTION B
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
12
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 112B Hollywood Knolls
Page 1123 10 UCP Hilton Universal City
Proposed Hotel
CONCEPTUAL PLAN
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
12
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 112C Hollywood Knolls
Page 1124 CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
12
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 112D Hollywood Knolls
Page 1125 Proposed Proposed Metro Universal Project Metro Universal Project Phase 2 Option A Phase 1
CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION A
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
12
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 112E Hollywood Knolls
Page 1126 Proposed Proposed Metro Universal Project Metro Universal Project Phase 2 Option B Phase 1
CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION B
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
12
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 112F Hollywood Knolls
Page 1127 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
13 Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 113 Hollywood Knolls
Page 1128 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 14
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 114A Mulholland Ridge
Page 1129 Hard Rock Cafe The Tower Burbank CityWalk
Proposed Theme 3800 Alameda Park Attraction
Proposed Parking Garage
CONCEPTUAL PLAN
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
14
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 114B Mulholland Ridge
Page 1130 CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
14
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 114C Mulholland Ridge
Page 1131 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION A
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
15
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 115A Cahuenga Pass East - High
Page 1132 CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION B
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
15
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 115B Cahuenga Pass East - High
Page 1133 Hilton Universal City
10 UCP The Tower Burbank
Lew Wasserman Building Proposed Hotel Carl Laemmle Building
Proposed Office
Sheraton Universal Hotel
CONCEPTUAL PLAN
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
15
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 115C Cahuenga Pass East - High
Page 1134 CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
15
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 115D Cahuenga Pass East - High
Page 1135 Proposed Metro Universal Project Phase 2 Option A Proposed Metro Universal Project Phase 1
CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION A
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
15
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 115E Cahuenga Pass East - High
Page 1136 Proposed Metro Universal Project Phase 2 Option B Proposed Metro Universal Project Phase 1
CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION B
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
15
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 115F Cahuenga Pass East - High
Page 1137 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE 16
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 116A Cahuenga Pass East - Mid
Page 1138 Hard Rock Cafe Proposed North/ CityWalk South Road
Proposed Parking Garage
CONCEPTUAL PLAN
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
16
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios, 2010.
Figure 116B Cahuenga Pass East - Mid
Page 1139 CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
16
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 116C Cahuenga Pass East - Mid
Page 1140 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE 17
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 117 Cahuenga Pass East - Low
Page 1141 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION A
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 18
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 118A Cahuenga Pass West
Page 1142 CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION B
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 18
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 118B Cahuenga Pass West
Page 1143 The Tower Burbank Proposed Office Building
Lew Wasserman Building Proposed Office Building
10 UCP Proposed Hotel
Proposed Hilton Office Universal Sheraton Building City Universal Hotel
CONCEPTUAL PLAN
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 18
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 118C Cahuenga Pass West
Page 1144 CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 18
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 118D Cahuenga Pass West
Page 1145 Proposed Proposed Metro Universal Project Metro Universal Project Phase 1 Phase 2 Option A
CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION A
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 18
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 118E Cahuenga Pass West
Page 1146 Proposed Proposed Metro Universal Project Metro Universal Project Phase 1 Phase 2 Option B
CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION B
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option. 18
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 118F Cahuenga Pass West
Page 1147 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
19
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 119 Universal City Metro Line Station and Campo de Cahuenga
Page 1148 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL 20 PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION A
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 120A Weddington Park - South
Page 1149 CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2, OPTION B
20
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 120B Weddington Park - South
Page 1150 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL
PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2 21 (PHASE 2 NOT VISIBLE; SAME VIEW FOR OPTIONS A AND B) Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 121 City View Lofts - South
Page 1151 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
22
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 122 City View Lofts - East
Page 1152 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE CUMULATIVE IMPACT - PROPOSED METRO UNIVERSAL 23 PROJECT PHASE 1 AND 2 (PHASE 2 NOT VISIBLE; SAME VIEW FOR OPTIONS A AND B) Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 123 Toluca Estates
Page 1153 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
24
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 124 Toluca Lake
Page 1154 EXISTING CONCEPTUAL PLAN
25
CONCEPTUAL PLAN WITH SIGNAGE
Note: Project building designs are conceptual and represent one possible design option.
Source: Rios Clementi Hale Studios 2010.
Figure 125 Lakeside Golf Club
Page 1155