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2020 Integrated Report for Surface Water Quality

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2020 Integrated Report for Surface Water Quality THE 2020 SOUTH DAKOTA INTEGRATED REPORT FOR SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT Protecting South Dakota’s Tomorrow…Today Prepared By SOUTH DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES HUNTER ROBERTS, SECRETARY SOUTH DAKOTA WATER QUALITY WATER YEARS 2014-2019 (streams) and WATER YEARS 2009-2019 (lakes and mercury in fish tissue) The 2020 South Dakota Integrated Report Surface Water Quality Assessment By the State of South Dakota Pursuant to Sections 305(b), 303(d), and 314 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources Hunter Roberts, Secretary Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................... 4 II. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 4 III. SURFACE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................... 8 SURFACE WATER QUALITY MONITORING .................................................................................................... 8 SOUTH DAKOTA’S LONG-TERM VISION STRATEGY ................................................................................. 17 LISTING METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................. 23 STATEWIDE SURFACE WATER QUALITY SUMMARY ................................................................................ 37 LAKE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT .......................................................................................................... 43 STATE-SCALE STATISTICAL SURVEYS ........................................................................................................ 48 WETLANDS ........................................................................................................................................................... 64 PUBLIC HEALTH/AQUATIC LIFE CONCERNS ............................................................................................... 66 IV. POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAMS ...................................................................................................... 72 POINT SOURCE POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM .................................................................................. 72 COST/BENEFIT ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................ 74 NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM ......................................................................... 74 V. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION PROCESS ....................................................................................................... 76 VI. REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 77 VII. KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS ......................................................................................................................... 79 APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................................................... 80 APPENDIX A WATERBODIES WITH EPA APPROVED TMDLS ............................................................ 81 APPENDIX B DENR 2020 WATERBODY DELISTING REPORT ............................................................ 95 APPENDIX C 2020 305(b) REPORT BASIN TABLES ............................................................................... 98 KEY FOR RIVER BASIN INFORMATION TABLES .................................................................................... 99 APPENDIX D 303(D) SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ 156 APPENDIX E ECOREGION MAPS ............................................................................................................. 166 APPENDIX F GIS - BASIN SUPPORT MAPS ........................................................................................... 169 APPENDIX G TSI CHLOROPHYLL-A BY WATERBODY ....................................................................... 187 APPENDIX H PUBLIC COMMENTS........................................................................................................... 193 i Figures Figure 1: 2020 Integrated Report Stream Parameters ................................................................................... 39 Figure 2: 2020 Integrated Report Lake Parameters ....................................................................................... 42 Figures 3a-e: State-scale Statistical Results by Parameter for Lakes Assigned Recreation and Aquatic Life Uses ............................................................................................................................................ 49 Figure 4: Major River Basins in South Dakota ................................................................................................ 51 Figure 5: 2020 South Dakota Waterbody Status ............................................................................................. 52 Figure 6: Map Depicting Prairie Pothole Region ............................................................................................ 64 ii Tables Table 1: Atlas ............................................................................................................................................................. 6 Table 2: Numeric Criteria Assigned to Beneficial Uses of Surface Waters of the State ARSD 74:51:01 ............................................................................................................................................................. 10 Table 3: South Dakota’s Revised (2018) Vision Priority Waters and Status .......................................... 20 Table 4: Criteria for Determining Support Status ........................................................................................... 24 Table 5: Assessment Methodology for Nutrient-Related Narrative Standards for Applicable Wadeable Streams in Ecoregions 43 and 46 ........................................................................................... 27 Table 6: Nutrient Targets for Streams in Ecoregions 43 and 46 ............................................................... 28 Table 7: Nutrient-related Assessment Status of Stream Assessment Units in Ecoregion 46 in Eastern, South Dakota ................................................................................................................................... 29 Table 8: Nutrient-related Assessment Status of Stream Assessment Units in Ecoregion 43 in Western, South Dakota .................................................................................................................................. 30 Table 9: Low Bloom Frequency Waterbodies in the Western Lake Class .............................................. 34 Table 10: Chlorophyll-a targets for lakes in ecoregions 42, 46 and 47 in eastern SD ......................... 34 Table 11: Assessment Units in Ecoregion 17 of the Black Hills ............................................................... 35 Table 12: Impairment Thresholds for Large and Small Waterbodies in the Black Hills ..................... 35 Table 13: 2020 Category Status for Rivers and Streams in South Dakota vs 2018 ............................... 37 Table 14: 2020 Parameters Supporting Uses for Streams ........................................................................... 38 Table 15: Rivers and Streams Beneficial Uses by Stream Miles ................................................................ 40 Table 16: 2020 Category Status for Lakes in South Dakota vs 2018 ......................................................... 41 Table 17: 2020 Parameters Supporting Uses for Lakes ............................................................................... 42 Table 18: Lakes Beneficial Use Status by Acres ............................................................................................ 43 Table 19: Trophic Status of Assessed Lakes .................................................................................................. 44 Table 20: Trophic State Descriptions ................................................................................................................ 45 Table 21: Acid Effects on Lakes ......................................................................................................................... 46 Table 22: Declining Lake Quality in Assessed Lakes (1989-2019) ............................................................. 46 Table 23: Improving Lake Quality in Assessed Lakes (1989-2019) ........................................................... 47 Table 24: Long Term Trends in Assessed Lakes (1989-2019) .................................................................... 47 Table 25: Total Acres and Miles Affected by Toxics ..................................................................................... 66 Table 26: Summary of Fish Kill Investigations ............................................................................................... 68 Table 27: Waterbodies Affected by Domestic Water Supply Restrictions ............................................... 71 Table 28: Summary of Waterbodies Not Fully Supporting Domestic Water Supply Use ....................
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