2014/2015 Mandera County Contingecy Plan
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2014/2015 MANDERA COUNTY CONTINGECY PLAN Gari Surface Earth Pan, Lafey Supporting thousands of Livestock (May 2014) Mandera county Steering Group Technical Working Group May 2014 1 | Page Abbreviations CSG County Steering Group IGAD Intergovernmental Authority for Development DCM Drought Cycle Management EDE Ending Drought Emergencies WASH Water, Sanitation and Health AMS Agricultural Machinery Services EMOC Emergency coordination ICT Information and Communication Technology FP Family Planning MUAC Middle Upper Arm Circumference WSP Water Service Provider SFP School Feeding Programme IDPs Internally Displaced Persons KPR Kenya Police Reservist WFP World Food Programme HSNP Hunger Safety Net Programme RUAs Resource Users Association EW Early Warning CIDP County integrated development plan EDE Ending drought emergencies NDMA National drought management authority DCM Drought cycle management KIHBS Kenya integrated household budget survey KHDI Kenya health demographic survey CLTS Community led total sanitation IRS Indoor Residual Spray LLITN Long lasting insecticide treated survey 2 | Page Acknowledgement The preparation of Mandera County Drought Contingency Plan report was as a result of support from Mandera county government and national drought management authority and the valuable contributions, involvement, participation of Community, technical departments and the various organizations and development partners in the County. The process involved sector working groups developed a working draft document, collection of existing PDRAs community contingency plans from six sub counties, initial CSG sensitization, preparation of six individual Sub-County Contingency Plans, consolidation of the six Sub-County Contingency Plans into a draft County Contingency Plan, validation of the draft County Contingency Plan by the six Sub-Counties and approval of the final draft by the CSG. We wish to thank the County Government of Mandera for her support in making the exercise a success. We wish to also express our sincere gratitude for contribution by all Sub County Administrators, the community and the commitment by County Directors of Agriculture, Livestock production, Veterinary Services, Education, medical Services, Public health, Water and Department of Planning in coordinating sectoral consultations in each Sub County and Deputy County Commissioners who enabled us to realize the final production of this crucial document. Lastly, I owe my appreciations to all NDMA staff who participated and took a lot of their time in the preparation and development of this Drought Contingency plan. Thanks Dhadho Omar Morowa County Drought Management Coordinator, Mandera County. 3 | Page Executive summary Mandera as one of the 23 ASAL Counties in Kenya is challenged by low levels of infrastructure and Human capital development. All livelihoods are agriculture based and prone to drought. Drought exposes farmers and pastoralists to economic hardships. Clan conflict is a periodic hazard that displaces households, property destruction, injuries and death, restrict livestock movement and disrupt markets. As a result, poverty levels are among the highest in the Country. The plan recognizes the wide range of interventions in safety nets, climatic change adaptations (CCAs) and Disaster Risk Reductions (DRR) initiatives on going in the County. It attempts to put together activities which will reduce the effects of the hazard of drought and to some extent conflict, floods etc. In the context, the plan has given the activity dynamics within the 3 livelihood zones and the populations likely to be impacted more in the event of drought. In all the livelihoods and even with the wealth categorization, not even the ‘better off’ attain the $1/day mark on average annual income/person. The plan has been prepared by stakeholder participation (CSG) using drought cycle management phase classification and trigger thresholds. It covers the three (3) livelihoods. Below is the summary of the plan; Sector EW stage Agro-pastoral Total Pastoral Total Grand total Alert 56,916,000 46,986,500 103,902,500 alarm 464,841,340 624,427,000 1,089,268,340 Emergency 414,465,000 108,800,000 523,265,000 Livestock Recovery 155,656,000 113,933,000 269,589,000 Agriculture Alert 48,217,500 43,267,000 91,484,000 Alert 159,290,000 159,290,000 318,580,000 alarm 142,858,100 142,858,100 285,716,200 Emergency 99,552,000 99,562,000 199,114,000 Water Recovery 99,552,000 33,853,000 133,405,000 Alert 28,299,250 28,299,250 56,598,500 alarm 7,756,500 7,756,500 15,513,000 Emergency 190,795,750 190,795,750 381,591,500 Health Recovery 113,750 113,750 227,500 Alert 15,173,500 15,173,500 30,347,000 Education Emergency 76,350,000 76,350,000 152,7000,000 Alert 6,220,000 6,220,000 12,440,000 alarm 3,700,000 3,700,000 7,400,000 Peace and Emergency 5,470,000 5,470,000 10,940,000 security Recovery 6,120,000 6,120,000 12,240,000 Alert 6,220,000 6,220,000 12,440,000 Social alarm 145,890,700 145,890,700 291,781,400 protection Emergency 45,199,750 45,199,750 90,399,500 5,463,242,440 4 | Page Table of Contents 1.0: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1 COUNTY PROFILE ......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 1.1.1 Mandera Administrative Map .............................................................................................................................................. 8 1.1.2 Climatic Conditions ............................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1.2.1 Rainfall Data ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.1.3 Ecological zones ..................................................................................................................................................................10 1.1.4 Demographic Features .......................................................................................................................................................10 1.1.4.1 Population Size, Composition and Projection by Age Cohort ..........................................................................................10 1.1.4.2: Population Projections by Urban Centre ........................................................................................................................11 1.1.4.3 Population Density and Distribution by Constituency/Sub-county .................................................................................11 1.1.4.4 Human Development Indicators ......................................................................................................................................12 1.1.5 Livestock Population Figures estimates ..............................................................................................................................12 2. 0. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................. 13 2.1 Contingency Planning and Drought Cycle Management ...........................................................................................................13 2.1.1 Drought cycle stages and indicator threshold ....................................................................................................................14 2.1.3 DROUGHT EARLY WARNING PHASE CLASSIFICATION ........................................................................................................14 2.2 ENVIRONMANTAL INDICATORS ...............................................................................................................................................15 2.2.1 Meteorological Drought Indicators ....................................................................................................................................15 2.2.3 Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) ......................................................................................................................................15 2.2.4 Agricultural Drought Indicators ........................................................................................................................................15 2.2.4 .1 Quantitative drought indicators based on vegetation status .........................................................................................15 2.2.4.2 Vegetation Condition Index ............................................................................................................................................16 2.3.0 MEASURING SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS ..........................................................................................................................16 2.4 METHODOLOGY TO ESTABLISH EARLY WARNING PHASE CLASSIFICATION ...............................................................................18 2.4.1. 1Establishing deviation from the long-term average ........................................................................................................18 2.5 : Drought Cycle Scenario - Sequence of events and related indicators in Mandera Livelihood Zones ......................................22 2.6. MANDERA LIVELIHOODS ANALYSIS OF TRIGGERS &INDICATORS .............................................................................................24