DOCSLIB.ORG

Built Environment and Spatial Planning in Rural Areas

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Built Environment and Spatial Planning in Rural Areas Europ. Countrys. · Vol. 10 · 2018 · No. 3 · p. 462-481 DOI: 10.2478/euco-2018-0026 European Countryside MENDELU RURAL SETTLEMENTS ON PEATLANDS IN MOSCOW REGION: IMPACT OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND CLIMATE CHANGES ON QUALITY OF LIFE Tatiana Borodina1, Alexander Savchenko2 1 Dr. Tatiana Borodina, Senior Researcher, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetniy Pereulok, 29, Moscow, Russian Federation 119017. E mail: [email protected]. 2 Prof. Alexander Savchenko, Director of Center for Situational Monitoring and Regional Studies, The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, 82/5, Prospect Vernadskogo, Moscow, Russian Federation 119571. E mail: [email protected] 462/527 Received 4 October 2017; Accepted 14 February 2018 Abstract: The impact of the transformation of economic activities and sharp weather and climate changes on the quality of life in rural settlements on peatlands in the Moscow region was analyzed. As theoretical background, an analysis of various interpretations of the concept of the quality of life was carried out, including in the context of sustainable development. The impact of economic and environmental factors of the quality of life in rural settlements on peatlands is considered with respect to their location in the zone of attraction of Moscow. It was concluded that the development of industrialization in the region led to population decline and to increase in the anthropogenic load. This critically increased the vulnerability of peatlands to fluctuations in weather and climate conditions and several times led to serious environmental disasters. At the same time, location in the zone of attraction of Moscow opens up opportunities for improving the quality of life associated with the development of post-industrial recreational use. Key words: quality of life, peatlands, economic activity, weather and climate changes, rural settlements, Moscow region Аннотация: На примере Московского региона статья анализирует влияние трансформации хозяйственной деятельности и резких погодно-климатических изменений на качество жизни на торфяниках. В качестве теоретической базы проводится анализ различных трактовок концепции качества жизни, в том числе в контексте представления об устойчивом развитии. Влияние экономических и экологических факторов качества жизни сельских поселений на торфяниках рассматривается с учетом расположения в зоне влияния Москвы. Делается вывод, что развитие индустриализации в регионе привело к сокращению населения и росту антропогенной нагрузки. Это критически увеличило уязвимость торфяников от колебаний погодно-климатических условий и несколько раз приводило к серьезным экологическим бедствиям. Вместе с тем, именно пребывание в зоне притяжения Москвы открывает в настоящее время возможности повышения качества жизни, связанные с развитием постиндустриального рекреационного использования. Ключевые слова: качество жизни, торфяники, экономическая деятельность, погодно- климатические изменения, сельские поселения, Московский регион. 1. Introduction Frequent summer forest fires in Portugal, Spain, Italy and Greece can give a reason to consider coniferous forests of the subtropical zone of Europe as the most vulnerable to the resilient and sustainable development of mainly rural settlements located there. The cause of these fires are sharp weather and climate fluctuations, which are a demonstration of climate warming, and sometimes excessive anthropogenic load, also caused by the active development of tourism in the course of globalization. In 2017, the number of forest fires in the EU has more than doubled so far, according to figures obtained by Euronews, affecting an area twice the size of Luxembourg. There have been 1,671 blazes so far in 2017 – a huge increase on the 639 the bloc saw annually on average over the previous eight years. Experts have blamed climate change for the rise, saying it has extended the traditional wildfire season and increased the frequency of blazes. They have warned Europe’s forest fires will rage more often in the future and engulf new areas. Portugal, Italy and Croatia have all been hit this summer amid high temperatures and lower-than-normal rainfall. 64 people died in a forest fires in Portugal (Climate change, 2017). In the summer of 2017 wildfires are also raging in parts of central and southern Europe in Croatia, Montenegro, France (Wildfires rip through southern and central Europe, 2017) and in California in the USA (Deadliest wildfires in California, 2017). 463/527 However, in Europe "to the North of the Alps", there is a widespread type of rural areas, also located in a zone of high risk: peatlands which stretch from Ireland to the Urals through Holland, Germany, Poland, Scandinavia, and the Baltic States. Peatlands provide globally important ecosystem services through climate and water regulation or biodiversity conservation. While covering only 3% of the earth's surface, degrading peatlands are responsible for nearly a quarter of carbon emissions from the land use sector (Bonn, Allott, et al., 2016). Peatlands are a characteristic type of landscape in the Moscow region, there are a lot of different rural settlements there and a number of aspects of sustainable and resilient development of settlements on peatlands will be considered using the example of the impact of the transformation of economic activities and weather and climate changes on the quality of life of rural settlements on the peatlands in Central Russia. Research objective of this paper is to assess at a qualitative level in a long-term retrospective the impact of the transformation of economic activity and sharp weather and climate fluctuations on the quality of life of rural settlements on peatlands, taking into account their location in the zone of influence of a large urban center. 2. Theoretical background “Quality of life” can be defined as the general well-being of the people living in a society. QOL is a complex concept that incorporates many different material and immaterial aspects. It refers to the general well-being of people, groups or societies, and has been used widely within e.g., healthcare, policy and international development. It should be emphasized that QOL does not simply refer to income-related living standards of individuals (the economic aspect), but is a wider concept that also includes the surrounding environment, physical and mental health, education, leisure, recreation, social belonging, and so forth (Nussbaum, Sen, 1993; Gregory et al., 2009). Quality of life is a broad concept that encompasses a number of different dimensions. It encompasses both objective factors (e.g., command of material resources, health, work status, living conditions and many others) and the subjective perception one has of them. The latter depends significantly on citizens’ priorities and needs. Measuring quality of life for different populations and countries in a comparable manner is a complex task, and a scoreboard of indicators covering a number of relevant dimensions is needed for this purpose. (Quality of life indicators, 2017). Quality of life is the degree of satisfaction of material, spiritual and social needs of a person. National accounts aggregates have become an important indicator of the economic performance and living standards of a society. This is because they allow direct comparisons to be made easily. Gross Domestic Product (GDP), one of these aggregates, is the most common measure of the economic activity of a region or a country at a given time; many decision and policy makers use it as the standard benchmark, often basing their decisions or recommendations on it. It includes all final goods and services an economy produces and provides a snapshot of its performance. GDP is very useful for measuring market production (expressed in money units). However, although it was not intended as an indicator of social progress, it has been considered to be closely linked to the well-being of citizens. The following are a number of reasons why GDP is not sufficient for this purpose, and therefore needs to be complemented by other indicators (Quality of life indicators, 2017). Standard indicators of the quality of life include not only wealth and employment but also the built environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, and social belonging (Gregory et al, 2009). Transition to a post-industrial society is accompanied by increasing attention to the non-material aspects of the quality of life. While GDP is very useful for measuring market production and providing an indicative snapshot of an economy at a given time, it does not provide a comprehensive picture of how well-off the citizens of a society are. As described in 2009 in the J. Stiglitz, A. Sen and J. P. Fitoussi Report by the Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress (Stiglitz, 2009) citizens’ material living standards are better monitored by using measures of household income and consumption. Authors argue that the income of a country’s citizens is ‘clearly more relevant for measuring the well-being of citizens’ than domestic production. 464/527 GDP and other economic measures need to be complemented with indicators covering other important dimensions in order to measure well-being. In order to compare countries on the standards and quality of life, the UN has developed an aggregated Human Development Index (HDI), that is composite statistic (composite index) of life expectancy, education and per capita
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Moscow, Russia
    Moscow, Russia INGKA Centres The bridge 370 STORES 38,6 MLN to millions of customers VISITORS ANNUALLY From families to fashionistas, there’s something for everyone meeting place where people connect, socialise, get inspired, at MEGA Belaya Dacha that connects people with inspirational experience new things, shop, eat and naturally feel attracted lifestyle experiences. Supported by IKEA, with more than to spend time. 370 stores, family entertainment and on-trend leisure and dining Our meeting places will meet people's needs & desires, build clusters — it’s no wonder millions of visitors keep coming back. trust and make a positive difference for local communities, Together with our partners and guests we are creating a great the planet and the many people. y w h e Mytischi o k v s la Khimki s o r a Y e oss e sh sko kov hel D RING RO c IR AD h ov Hwy TH S ziast ntu MOSCOW E Reutov The Kremlin Ryazansky Avenue Zheleznodorozhny Volgogradskiy Prospect Lyubertsy Kuzminki y Lyublino Kotelniki w H e o Malakhovka k s v a Dzerzhinsky h s r Zhukovskiy a Teply Stan V Catchment Areas People Distance Kashirskoe Hwy Lytkarino Novoryazanskoe Hwy ● Primary 1,600,000 < 20 km ● Secondary 1,600,000 20–35 km ● Tertiary 3,800,000 35–47 km Gorki Total area: <47 km: 7,000,000 Leninskiye Volodarskogo 55% 25 3 METRO 34 MIN CUSTOMERS BUS ROUTES STATIONS AVERAGE COME BY CAR NEAR BY COMMUTE TIME A region with Loyal customers MEGA Belaya Dacha is located at the heart of the very dynamic population development in strong potential the South-East of Moscow and attracts shoppers from all over Moscow and surrounding areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Revista Inclusiones Issn 0719-4706 Volumen 7 – Número Especial – Octubre/Diciembre 2020
    CUERPO DIRECTIVO Mg. Amelia Herrera Lavanchy Universidad de La Serena, Chile Director Dr. Juan Guillermo Mansilla Sepúlveda Mg. Cecilia Jofré Muñoz Universidad Católica de Temuco, Chile Universidad San Sebastián, Chile Editor Mg. Mario Lagomarsino Montoya OBU - CHILE Universidad Adventista de Chile, Chile Editor Científico Dr. Claudio Llanos Reyes Dr. Luiz Alberto David Araujo Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile Pontificia Universidade Católica de Sao Paulo, Brasil Dr. Werner Mackenbach Editor Europa del Este Universidad de Potsdam, Alemania Dr. Aleksandar Ivanov Katrandzhiev Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica Universidad Suroeste "Neofit Rilski", Bulgaria Mg. Rocío del Pilar Martínez Marín Cuerpo Asistente Universidad de Santander, Colombia Traductora: Inglés Ph. D. Natalia Milanesio Lic. Pauline Corthorn Escudero Universidad de Houston, Estados Unidos Editorial Cuadernos de Sofía, Chile Dra. Patricia Virginia Moggia Münchmeyer Portada Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile Lic. Graciela Pantigoso de Los Santos Editorial Cuadernos de Sofía, Chile Ph. D. Maritza Montero Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela COMITÉ EDITORIAL Dra. Eleonora Pencheva Dra. Carolina Aroca Toloza Universidad Suroeste Neofit Rilski, Bulgaria Universidad de Chile, Chile Dra. Rosa María Regueiro Ferreira Dr. Jaime Bassa Mercado Universidad de La Coruña, España Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile Mg. David Ruete Zúñiga Dra. Heloísa Bellotto Universidad Nacional Andrés Bello, Chile Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brasil Dr. Andrés Saavedra Barahona Dra. Nidia Burgos Universidad San Clemente de Ojrid de Sofía, Bulgaria Universidad Nacional del Sur, Argentina Dr. Efraín Sánchez Cabra Mg. María Eugenia Campos Academia Colombiana de Historia, Colombia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México Dra. Mirka Seitz Dr. Francisco José Francisco Carrera Universidad del Salvador, Argentina Universidad de Valladolid, España Ph.
    [Show full text]
  • The Baltic Sea Region the Baltic Sea Region
    TTHEHE BBALALTTICIC SSEAEA RREGIONEGION Cultures,Cultures, Politics,Politics, SocietiesSocieties EditorEditor WitoldWitold MaciejewskiMaciejewski A Baltic University Publication Case Chapter 2 Constructing Karelia: Myths and Symbols in the Multiethnic Reality Ilja Solomeshch 1. Power of symbols Specialists in the field of semiotics note that in times of social and political crises, at Political symbolism is known to have three the stage of ideological and moral disintegra- major functions – nominative, informative tion, some forms of the most archaic kinds of and communicative. In this sense a symbol in political symbolism reactivate in what is called political life plays one of the key roles in struc- the archaic syndrome. This notion is used, for turing society, organising interrelations within example, to evaluate the situation in pre- and the community and between people and the post-revolutionary (1917) Russia, as well as various institutions of state. Karelia Karelia is a border area between Finland and Russia. Majority of its territory belongs to Russian Republic of Karelia, with a capital in Petrozavodsk. The Sovjet Union gained the marked area from Finland as the outcome of war 1944. Karelia can be compared with similar border areas in the Baltic Region, like Schleswig-Holstein, Oppeln (Opole) Silesia in Poland, Kaliningrad region in Russia. Probably the best known case of such an area in Europe is Alsace- -Lorraine. Map 13. Karelia. Ill.: Radosław Przebitkowski The Soviet semioticity When trying to understand historical and cultural developments in the Russian/Soviet/Post-Soviet spatial area, especially in terms of Centre-Peripheries and Break-Continuity paradigms, one can easily notice the semioticity of the Soviet system, starting with its ideology.
    [Show full text]
  • Results in I and II Cycles of the Internet Music Competition 2014
    Results in I and II cycles of the Internet Music Competition 2014 I cycle: Duo, chamber ensemble, piano ensemble, choir, orchestra, percussion II cycle: Piano, bassoon, flute, french horn, clarinet, oboe, saxophone, trombone, trumpet, tube Internet Music Competition which passes completely through the Internet and it is unique event since its inception. In first and second cycles of the contest in 2014, was attended by 914 contestants from 22 countries and 198 cities from 272 schools: I cycle: "Duo" – 56 contestants "Piano Ensemble" – 94 contestants "Chamber Ensemble" – 73 contestants "Choir" – 23 contestants "Orchestra" – 28 contestant "Percussion "– 13 contestants. II cycle: "Piano" – 469 contestants "Bassoon" – 7 contestants "Flute" – 82 contestants "French horn" – 3 contestants "Clarinet" – 17 contestants "Oboe" – 8 contestants "Saxophone" – 27 contestants "Trombone" – 2 contestants "Trumpet" – 9 contestants "Tube" – 3 contestants The jury was attended by 37 musicians from 13 countries, many of whom are eminent teachers, musicians and artists who teach at prestigious music institutions are soloists and play in the top 10 best orchestras and opera houses. The winners of the first cycle in Masters Final Internet Music Competition 2014: "Duo" – Djamshid Saidkarimov, Pak Artyom (Tashkent, Uzbekistan) "Piano Ensemble" – Koval Ilya, Koval Yelissey (Karaganda, Kazakhstan) "Chamber Ensemble" – Creative Quintet (Sanok, Poland) "Choir" – Womens Choir Ave musiсa HGEU (Odessa, Ukraine) "Orchestra" – “Victoria” (Samara, Russia) "Percussion" –
    [Show full text]
  • Parasitic Nematodes of Pool Frog (Pelophylax Lessonae) in the Volga Basin
    Journal MVZ Cordoba 2019; 24(3):7314-7321. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.1501 Research article Parasitic nematodes of Pool Frog (Pelophylax lessonae) in the Volga Basin Igor V. Chikhlyaev1 ; Alexander B. Ruchin2* ; Alexander I. Fayzulin1 1Institute of Ecology of the Volga River Basin, Russian Academy of Sciences, Togliatti, Russia 2Mordovia State Nature Reserve and National Park «Smolny», Saransk, Russia. *Correspondence: [email protected] Received: Febrary 2019; Accepted: July 2019; Published: August 2019. ABSTRACT Objetive. Present a modern review of the nematodes fauna of the pool frog Pelophylax lessonae (Camerano, 1882) from Volga basin populations on the basis of our own research and literature sources analysis. Materials and methods. Present work consolidates data from different helminthological works over the past 80 years, supported by our own research results. During the period from 1936 to 2016 different authors examined 1460 specimens of pool frog, using the method of full helminthological autopsy, from 13 regions of the Volga basin. Results. In total 9 nematodes species were recorded. Nematode Icosiella neglecta found for the first time in the studied host from the territory of Russia and Volga basin. Three species appeared to be more widespread: Oswaldocruzia filiformis, Cosmocerca ornata and Icosiella neglecta. For each helminth species the following information included: systematic position, areas of detection, localization, biology, list of definitive hosts, the level of host-specificity. Conclusions. Nematodes of pool frog, excluding I. neglecta, belong to the group of soil-transmitted helminthes (geohelminth) and parasitize in adult stages. Some species (O. filiformis, C. ornata, I. neglecta) are widespread in the host range.
    [Show full text]
  • Demographic, Economic, Geospatial Data for Municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (Excluding the City of Moscow and the Moscow Oblast) in 2010-2016
    Population and Economics 3(4): 121–134 DOI 10.3897/popecon.3.e39152 DATA PAPER Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010-2016 Irina E. Kalabikhina1, Denis N. Mokrensky2, Aleksandr N. Panin3 1 Faculty of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia 2 Independent researcher 3 Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia Received 10 December 2019 ♦ Accepted 28 December 2019 ♦ Published 30 December 2019 Citation: Kalabikhina IE, Mokrensky DN, Panin AN (2019) Demographic, economic, geospatial data for munic- ipalities of the Central Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010- 2016. Population and Economics 3(4): 121–134. https://doi.org/10.3897/popecon.3.e39152 Keywords Data base, demographic, economic, geospatial data JEL Codes: J1, J3, R23, Y10, Y91 I. Brief description The database contains demographic, economic, geospatial data for 452 municipalities of the 16 administrative units of the Central Federal District (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) for 2010–2016 (Appendix, Table 1; Fig. 1). The sources of data are the municipal-level statistics of Rosstat, Google Maps data and calculated indicators. II. Data resources Data package title: Demographic, economic, geospatial data for municipalities of the Cen- tral Federal District in Russia (excluding the city of Moscow and the Moscow oblast) in 2010–2016. Copyright I.E. Kalabikhina, D.N.Mokrensky, A.N.Panin The article is publicly available and in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution license (CC-BY 4.0) can be used without limits, distributed and reproduced on any medium, pro- vided that the authors and the source are indicated.
    [Show full text]
  • DISCUSSION PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized
    SOCIAL PROTECTION & JOBS DISCUSSION PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized No. 1931 | MAY 2019 Public Disclosure Authorized Can Local Participatory Programs Enhance Public Confidence: Insights from the Local Initiatives Support Program in Russia Public Disclosure Authorized Ivan Shulga, Lev Shilov, Anna Sukhova, and Peter Pojarski Public Disclosure Authorized © 2019 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: +1 (202) 473 1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington,
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector
    THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Voluntary - Public Date: 6/17/2013 GAIN Report Number: RS1335 Russian Federation Post: Moscow Russian Government Continues to Support Cattle Sector Report Categories: Livestock and Products Policy and Program Announcements Agricultural Situation Approved By: Holly Higgins Prepared By: FAS/Moscow Staff Report Highlights: Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector had been in continual decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches. The Russian Federal and oblast governments offer a series of support programs meant to stimulate livestock development in the Russian Federation over the next seven years which are funded at hundreds of billions of Russian rubles (almost $10 billion). These programs are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry. Monies have been allocated for both new construction and modernization of old livestock farms, purchase of domestic and imported of high quality breeding dairy and beef cattle, semen and embryos; all of which should have a direct and favorable impact on livestock genetic exports to Russia through 2020. General Information: Trade Russia’s live animal imports have soared in recent years, as the Federal Government has supported the rebuilding of the beef and cattle sector in Russia. This sector has been in decline since the break-up of the Soviet Union, but imports of breeding stock have resulted in a number of modern ranches which are expected to lead to a recovery of the cattle industry.
    [Show full text]
  • CABRI-Volga Report Deliverable D2
    CABRI-Volga Report Deliverable D2 CABRI - Cooperation along a Big River: Institutional coordination among stakeholders for environmental risk management in the Volga Basin Environmental Risk Management in the Volga Basin: Overview of present situation and challenges in Russia and the EU Co-authors of the CABRI-Volga D2 Report This Report is produced by Nizhny Novgorod State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering and the International Ocean Institute with the collaboration of all CABRI-Volga partners. It is edited by the project scientific coordinator (EcoPolicy). The contact details of contributors to this Report are given below: Rupprecht Consult - Forschung & RC Germany [email protected] Beratung GmbH Environmental Policy Research and EcoPolicy Russia [email protected] Consulting United Nations Educational, Scientific UNESCO Russia [email protected] and Cultural Organisation MO Nizhny Novgorod State University of NNSUACE Russia [email protected] Architecture and Civil Engineering Saratov State Socio-Economic SSEU Russia [email protected] University Caspian Marine Scientific and KASPMNIZ Russia [email protected] Research Center of RosHydromet Autonomous Non-commercial Cadaster Russia [email protected] Organisation (ANO) Institute of Environmental Economics and Natural Resources Accounting "Cadaster" Ecological Projects Consulting EPCI Russia [email protected] Institute Open joint-stock company Ammophos Russia [email protected] "Ammophos" United Nations University Institute for UNU/EHS Germany [email protected]
    [Show full text]
  • The City of Moscow in Russia's Foreign and Security Policy: Role
    Eidgenössische “Regionalization of Russian Foreign and Security Policy” Technische Hochschule Zürich Project organized by The Russian Study Group at the Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research Andreas Wenger, Jeronim Perovic,´ Andrei Makarychev, Oleg Alexandrov WORKING PAPER NO.7 APRIL 2001 The City of Moscow in Russia’s Foreign and Security Policy: Role, Aims and Motivations DESIGN : SUSANA PERROTTET RIOS Moscow enjoys an exceptional position among the Russian regions. Due to its huge By Oleg B. Alexandrov economic and financial potential, the city of Moscow largely shapes the country’s economic and political processes. This study provides an overall insight into the complex international network that the city of Moscow is tied into. It also assesses the role, aims and motivations of the main regional actors that are involved. These include the political authorities, the media tycoons and the major financial-industrial groups. Special attention is paid to the problem of institutional and non-institutional interaction between the Moscow city authorities and the federal center in the foreign and security policy sector, with an emphasis on the impact of Putin’s federal reforms. Contact: Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research ETH Zentrum / SEI CH-8092 Zürich Switzerland Andreas Wenger, head of project [email protected] Jeronim Perovic´ , project coordinator [email protected] Oleg Alexandrov [email protected]; [email protected] Andrei Makarychev [email protected]; [email protected] Order of copies: Center for Security Studies and Conflict Research ETH Zentrum / SEI CH-8092 Zürich Switzerland [email protected] Papers available in full-text format at: http://www.fsk.ethz.ch/ Layout by Marco Zanoli The City of Moscow in Russia’s Foreign and Security Policy: Role, Aims and Motivations By Oleg B.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 2 English.Cdr
    JSC THE FIFTH POWER GENERATION COMPANY ANNUAL REPORT 2007 JSC THE FIFTH POWER GENERATION COMPANY ANNUAL REPORT 2007 ООГК-5:ГК-5: пилотный проект энергореформы! CONTENTS ADDRESS OF BOARD CHAIRMAN ..............4 POWER SALES ...........................59 ADDRESS OF DIRECTOR GENERAL ............5 FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ...............65 EVENTS CALENDAR ...........................7 INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES ................73 COMPANY BACKGROUND ......................9 INNOVATIONS AND IT.....................77 GEOGRAPHY OF SALES .......................15 HR AND SOCIAL POLICY STRATEGY ...................................19 SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP....................79 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE ..................23 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ...........83 SHARE CAPITAL .............................43 APPENDICES .............................88 OPERATING PERFORMANCE..................53 JSC The Fifth Power Generation Company 2007 Annual Report 3 Dear shareholders! You are reading the annual report of one of the best practice, technological innovations, extensive work generation companies in Russia. It is the year 2007 experience on the free power market - these are the that brought a vivid example to this fact, as the real competitive advantages to be brought into the company again became the first in many positions Company thanks to the participation of one of the among its counterparts. world leaders in power. The Company was consistently implementing the The results achieved by the management deserve Development Strategy adopted by the Board of an ’excellent’ grade. Furthermore, the “Russia’s Top Directors of JSC OGK-5. The five-year investment Business Leaders” international research named programmeme (2007 - 2012) was adjusted and Anatoly Bushin, Director General of JSC OGK-5, the ratified to ensure reliable and effective operation of second best manager in the power sector after the production branches, as well as implementation Anatoly Chubais, Chairman of RAO UES of Russia. of new generation projects.
    [Show full text]
  • GRADUATE READING LIST for IMPERIAL RUSSIA History Department University of Pennsylvania
    GRADUATE READING LIST FOR IMPERIAL RUSSIA History Department University of Pennsylvania (Spring 2017) ORGANIZATION 1. Overviews and general studies 2. Early Modern and Muscovite Russia 3. Peter the Great 4. XVIII Century 5. Pre-Reform Russia: 1801-1861 6. Post-reform Russia: 1861-1905 7. Revolution and War, 1905-1917 1. Overviews and General Studies of Particular Aspects of Russian History Afiani, V. Iu. Rossiia. Khronika osnovnykh sobytii. IX-XX veka. Moscow: Rosspen, 2002. Anisimov, E. Imperatorskaia Rossiia . Moscow-St. Petersburg: Piter, 2008. Billington, James. The Icon and the Axe. An Interpretive History of Russian Culture . New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1966. Black, Cyril. Ed. The Transformation of Russian Society . Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Pres, 1967. Brumfield, William. A History of Russian Architecture . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1993. Burbank, Jane. “An Imperial Rights Regime: Law and Citizenship in the Russian Empire.” Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 7, no. 3 (Summer 2006), 397-432. Cherniavsky, Michael. Ed. The Structure of Russian History . New York: Random House, 1970. Dixon, Simon. The Modernization of Russia . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. Dukes, Paul. The Making of Russian Absolutism, 1612-1801 . London: Longmans, 1982. Edie, James, James Scanlan, Mary-Barbara Zeldin. Eds. Russian Philosophy . 3 vols. Knoxville : University of Tennessee Press, 1976. Eroshkin, N. Istoriia gosudarstvennykh uchrezhdenii dorevoliutsionnoi Rossii . 3rd ed. Moscow: Vysshaia shkola, 1983; many other editions. Fedotov, G. P. The Russian Religious Mind . 2 vols. Cambridge, Mass., Harvard University Press, 1966. Figes, Orlando. Natasha’s Dance: A Cultural History of Russia. New York: Picador, 2002. Florovsky, George. Puti russkogo bogosloviia .
    [Show full text]