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A Study on Creating Awareness on Environmental Issues with Special Reference to Tourism Sector of Assam

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A Study on Creating Awareness on Environmental Issues with Special Reference to Tourism Sector of Assam Volume : 3 | Issue : 2 | Feb 2014 ISSN - 2250-1991 Research Paper Tourism A study on creating awareness on environmental issues with special reference to tourism sector of Assam Ms. Aruna Deb Roy Assistant Professor, Royal Group of Institution, Guwahati The tourism sector all over the world has topped the list of service sector industries with the maximum potential to earn profit. Its impact has equally overshadowed India and is contributing a threefold increase in its national income. Assam is also a major contributor in the tourism sector. Its rich natural beauty has added to increase the number of tourists in the region. With the rise in tourists, the responsibility of the common man towards environment has increased. The factors like conservation & preservation of environment holds prime importance in such a scene. The residents, government & tourists must be made aware of the pros and cons of conserving the environment. The present study will throw light on ABSTRACT creating awareness of the general public to conserve, preserve and keep the environment clean so as to have a sustainable development and as a result attract more tourists in the future. KEYWORDS Conservation, Environment, Tourist, Sustainable Development Tourism is one of the world’s largest and fastest growing in- Tezpur, Bhalunkpung etc., to name a few. Each place has its dustries. Besides, tourism is also a major social phenomenon own significance and beauty to see. The major schemes of of the modern society with definite economic, social and en- the Department of Tourism (DOT) relate to tourism develop- vironmental consequences. It’s a well known established fact ment which include promotion and publicity of tourism, cen- that, tourism based activities play a major role in economy of tral assistance for the development of tourism infrastructure. any state, and similarly have direct and indirect correlations The DOT provides funds to State Government for either sup- with all the other sectoral activities. The influence of tourism plementing the existing tourism infrastructure or creating and on the life-style of local people are- developing new assets. • Employment generation, per capita income, per capita Methodology: spending, health & education, entrepreneurship, comment The study comprises both primary and secondary data. Prima- on values & moralities ry data has been collected with the help of questionnaire. The • Impacts on traditional culture & heritage of Assam, local sample size is 100 (male is 62% and female is 38%) in the skills, condition of old buildings, change in housing pattern sample surveyed. • Slumification, housing quality, crime rate • Change in land value around the tourist places The respondents comprise of both male and female residing • Information on hawkers/informal sector in the city of Guwahati was selected randomly for the study. Environmental Impact- The collected data was analysed by using charts and diagrams • Influence of tourism on the ecology & environment wherever necessary. • Riverine ecosystem, forests, land-water interface areas, ru- ral areas, urban Secondary data was collected from Journals, government poli- • Change in land use cy manuals and websites. Assam lies beneath the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas Analysis: sharing boundaries with all other north – eastern states of In- SWOT ANALYSIS dia, with the sacred Brahmaputra River flowing right through Strength its heart. Assam is bordered in the north and east by Bhutan i. No other state like Assam has variety and colour in its nat- and Arunachal Pradesh. Along the south lies Nagaland, Mani- ural scenery pur and to the extreme south is Mizoram. Meghalaya lies to ii. A green paradise, Assam offers picturesque landscape, the south west and West Bengal to the west of Assam. It oc- beautiful mountain and seven rivers. cupies a very important position in the political map of India iii. Flora and fauna of world famous wild life sanctuaries like by virtue of its geographical situation. It is the gateway to the Kaziranga National Park, Manas National Park, Orang Na- north–eastern region. It provides the focal points of transport tional Park. and communication to its neighbouring states. iv. Pilgrimage destinations such as Kamakhya, Hajo, Vasistha Ashram, Nabagraha Temple and others. The historical city Places of interest in Assam: with important archaeological remains and monuments Assam is blessed with abundance of scenic grandeur. A such as Sivasagar, speak of a glorious past of high architec- wealth of rarest and near extinct species of wildlife, verdant tural achievements. forests, somber hills, undulating green plains and mighty wa- ter ways are its main attractions. The species of wild life like Weakness the one horned Asiatic Rhino, the Golden Langur, the Pigmy In the present scenario of Tourism in the State the following Hog, have made Assam their home. Guwahati has a numer- weakness have been ous tourist places. These places include Kamakhya and Bhu- baneswari Temple, Nabagraha Temple, Balaji temple, Basistha identified: Ashram, Gita Temple, Somnath Temple, Umananda Temple, i. Lack of comprehensive policy framework of the state gov- Ugratara Temple among the temples. Other places include ernment for long term development of tourism, despite Majuli, Sualkuchi, Hajo, Sibsagar, Kaziranga, Manas, Orang, having the potential for tourism development. 290 | PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL OF RESEARCH Volume : 3 | Issue : 2 | Feb 2014 ISSN - 2250-1991 ii. Lack of awareness, education and publicity amongst local not say exactly. residents regarding economic, social and cultural benefits of tourism. Table 3.Response of general public about the number of iii. Lack of co-ordination among tourism administrators, own- national parks in Assam ers of the hotel industry, travel and tourism association, Option In nos. In % other constituents of government like Town Planning De- partment, Civil Aviation, PWD, Environment, Railway, etc. Yes 55 55% iv. Deficiencies in infrastructures like poor road conditions or No 21 21% non-accessibility, poor solid waste management system. May be 24 24% Opportunities According to the above table, 55% of the respondents are i. Natural features (inland, topography, flora & fauna) aware of the number of national parks in Assam and 24% re- ii. Cultural features (heritage, monuments, events, are, music spondents were not able to say the number correctly. and dance) iii. Infrastructure and amenities (transportation, communica- Table 4.Responsdents awareness about the growth of tion, shopping, comfort amenities) medical tourism in Assam iv. Effective service (training in technical, linguistic and social Option In nos. In % skills) Yes 45 45% Threats No 26 26% Despite being a unique tourist destination, Assam has some May be 29 29% challenges as well, which directly and indirectly curb the growth of tourism. These are: According to the above table, 45% of the respondents are aware of the scope and growth of medical tourism in Assam. i. Other states are posing as a stiff competitor for Assam, by providing better tourism based infrastructures, developing Table 5.Respondents awareness about the growth of cul- the resources and by marketing aggressively about them- tural tourism in Assam selves as a grand tourist destination. Option In nos. In % ii. Tourists have to cover long distances to access Assam and its districts. The poor transportation system, conditions of Yes 65 65% roads and poor tourist facilities is a major threat. No 10 10% iii. Social problems like causes of insurgency etc. should be May be 25 25% resolved and provisions should be made to give complete security to the tourists. According to the above table, 65% respondents are aware of iv. Infrastructures specially roads, solid waste management, the scope and growth of cultural tourism in Assam. power and accommodation, create major hindrances in the development of tourism in Assam Table 6.Response of general public about keeping the en- vironment clean for tourism promotion A. Analysis from primary survey Option In nos. In % Table 1.a. Level of education Yes 85 85% Level of In numbers In percentage education No 5 5% Below 10 20 20% May be 10 10% Graduate 44 44% According to the above table, we see that 85% of the re- Post Graduate 34 34% spondents are aware that keeping the environment clean is an Others 2 2% important criteria for tourism promotion. According to the above table the percentage of respondents Table 7.Response of the general public about their initia- in the others category is 2% followed by below 10 as 20%, tive for tourism promotion in Assam graduates as 44% which is the highest and post graduate is Options In nos. In % 34%. Yes 10 10% Table 1. b.Occupation No 86 86% Occupation In nos. In % May be 4 4% Service 40 40% According to the above table, 86% respondents said that they Business 19 19% have not taken any initiative for tourism promotion and devel- Housewife 9 9% opment from their end while a mere 4% say that they have undertaken small activities like guiding the tourists if they Student 32 32% meet them on the way, communicating properly with them According to the above table, the service holders are the high- etc. est with 40% and housewives consist only 9%. Recommendation & Conclusion: Table 2.Respondents opinion about their knowledge on Tourism sector all over the world is growing by leaps and the income from tourism sector bounds. New places are discovered, new cultures are explored and experiences are treasured but the harm that is being Option In nos. In % made to the environment indirectly is an issue which is dis- Yes 25 25% cussed widely now. The equal growth of tourism sector and No 34 34% environment is an sustainable development which is also de- May be 41 41% sirable in the present day context. Only giving an eye on a sin- gle aspect of unveiling various stratas of tourism is not worth According to the above table, 25% of the respondents said enough.
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