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Managing Indigenous Pastoral Lands

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Managing Indigenous Pastoral Lands case study 1 warrigundu station northern territory MANAGING INDIGENOUS PASTORAL LANDS Pub no. 14/026 McClelland Rural Services Pty Ltd warrigundu station CASESTUDY#1 northern territory Contents Human Resource Management 24 Executive Summary 3 Staff 24 Land and Property Information 8 Recruitment 24 Location 8 Staff Training 25 Traditional Owners 8 Machinery Operators (such as Grader Drivers) 26 Land Tenure 9 Informal Training 26 History 9 Diversification 26 Role of ILC 9 Map 9 List of Tables Cultural Heritage 10 Table CS1.1 Climate Average Climate 10 Annual Values 10 Land Types - Soils 11 Table CS1.2 2012 Herd Land Types – Vegetation 11 Closing Numbers 20 Property Infrastructure 11 List of Figures Business Management 13 Figure CS1.1 Location of Warrigundu Station 8 Goals and Vision 13 Day to Day Management 13 Figure CS1.2 Map of Warrigundu Station Including Strangways 10 Business Planning 13 List of Photos Ongoing Monitoring of Performance 13 Cover photo - Brahman Cattle Sources of Funds 14 Governance 14 Photo CS1.1 Warrigundu Station Graduates 7 Financial Management 15 Photo CS1.2 Warrigundu Yards 12 Markets and Marketing 16 Photo CS1.3 Drafting Weaners for Grazing Land Management 18 Gunbalanya 17 Environmental Management Plan 18 Photo CS1.4 Warrigundu Cattle Carrying Capacity 18 Committee discussing new fence line placement 18 Fire Management Regimes 19 Weeds 19 Photo CS1.5 Care is also taken of the horses 23 Feral Animals 19 Photo CS1.6 Training at Herd Management and Production 20 Warrigundu Station 24 Herd Size and Composition 20 Photo CS1.7 Yarding up at Herd Management Operations 20 Warrigundu Station 25 Breeder and Heifer Management 21 Acknowledgements Weaner Management 21 In writing this case study, the assistance of the Nutrition Management 22 Indigenous Land Corporation is acknowledged. They have been generous in supplying information, Hormonal Growth Promotants (HGP) 22 as well as the photos and maps included in the study. Husbandry, Health and Welfare 23 Vaccination and Other Treatments 23 2 CASESTUDY warrigundu station northern territory Executive Summary Background Warrigundu Station (‘Warrigundu’ or ‘the Station’) also known as Hodgson Downs, runs over 15,000 head of cattle and employs more than 20 local people. The Station, which is located 240 km south-east of Katherine in the Northern Territory (NT), is operated by the Indigenous Land Corporation (ILC). Warrigundu Station is leased to the ILC under two separate Pastoral Land Use Agreements, which are commonly referred to as Grazing Licences. The land is Aboriginal freehold land. The Traditional Owners (TOs) of the land encompassing the Warrigundu Station are the Minyerri community of Hodgson Downs and the Mangarrayi Aboriginal Land Trust (ALT) of Elsey Station (Strangways). Some of the key take out messages from the case study are as follows: Indigenous Land Corporation and Warrigundu Following acquisition in 1991 by the former Aboriginal Development Commission (ADC), Warrigundu was de-stocked under the Brucellosis and Tuberculosis Eradication Campaign (BTEC) and remained largely unused until 2007. The Traditional Owners of Warrigundu had long held a vision of returning the land to production and approached the ILC for assistance. A Grazing Licence Agreement was signed in 2007, and the ILC commenced cattle operations on Warrigundu, training and employing people living at Minyerri. Minyerri is a community of more than 500 people, located on the Station. At the same time, a 10-year agreement was signed with the Mangarrayi Aboriginal Land Trust (ALT) which involved the ILC leasing 96,000 hectares from the Elsey Station Aboriginal owners. Significant cattle infrastructure was established on the Strangways block, on the eastern side of Elsey Station, adjoining Hodgson Downs. This area now supports a herd of over 4,000 cattle. Strangways’ management was integrated into the pastoral business at Warrigundu Station. The Alawa 1 and Mangarrayi ALTs, representing Traditional Owners for these areas, now earn regular incomes from the Grazing Licence Fees that ILC pays to them under the terms of the lease, in addition to employment and training opportunities. The ILC operates Warrigundu Station as a pastoral business. The charter of ILC- operated businesses is to deliver economic, social, cultural and environmental benefits for Indigenous people through the use, care and improvement of Indigenous-held land. The operation of the Warrigundu business contributes to the ILC priority outcome of delivering socio-economic development outcomes for Indigenous people. Development Since 2007, Warrigundu has been developed by the ILC in accordance with the terms of the Grazing Licences negotiated with the Traditional Owners of the Alawa 1 and Mangarrayi ALTs. The ILC has invested in excess of $2.5 million for the upgrade of waters, fences, yards and buildings at Warrigundu over this time. 3 back to top CASESTUDY warrigundu station northern territory Business Planning and Management Warrigundu Station is managed as an ILC business and thus benefits from the corporate procedures, checks and balances that are in place in such a corporation. A detailed five year business plan is in place for the business, which is supported by an annual work plan and annual budget. Standard ILC controls, monitoring and evaluation procedures are applied to Warrigundu with a strong focus on recording and financial reporting which are used to keep the business on track. Costs are managed closely. Expenditure can only occur in accordance with budget provisions. The ILC has a system of authorisations, delegations and finance protocols to manage cash flow, accountability and value for money. Governance The Warrigundu business is overseen by the seven member ILC Board of Directors and operated by the ILC’s Business Employment and Training Directorate. Cattle Committees representing the Alawa and Mangarrayi people were established to provide a formal mechanism for the Traditional Owners to provide input into the business. These Committees are drawn from the family groups that comprise the Traditional Owners, as identified by a Northern Land Council-appointed anthropologist. Each family group then selects a Leader to represent them on the Committee. The Cattle Committees’ advisory role and the cultural authority of the Committee members provide strong practical support to the ILC. This support has enabled ILC to make significant progress with the redevelopment of the Station. Markets and Marketing The ILC manages Warrigundu Station as part of an integrated strategy which enables it to value add to the Warrigundu turn-off and reduce market risk. The integration strategy is aimed at supplying the live export market and so the ILC has also taken a grazing licence with Gunbalanya on the Arnhem Land flood plains at Oenpelli. Weaner steers and surplus heifers are bred on Warrigundu to a weight of between 150 to 200 kg and then transferred onto the floodplain at Gunbalanya for fattening to the 350 kg Indonesian export weight limit. The cattle are then turned off for live export through Darwin. ILC’s ownership of the Gunbalanya pastoral operations and other pastoral businesses in the NT also provides a back up to Warrigundu during drought. Strong attention to market information and market options has become critical to the Warrigundu pastoral operation, following the temporary suspension of the live export trade in 2011 and subsequent volatility in the Indonesian live export market. Having a dedicated livestock marketing agent assists in managing market risk as the long term association means the agent works harder to market the Station’s cattle. 4 back to top CASESTUDY warrigundu station northern territory Herd Management Warrigundu follows an annual herd management program in line with industry best practice in its region. Understanding the true carrying capacity of the land and its resources is critical to production and herd management and Warrigundu operates within the carrying capacity currently specified in its Grazing Licence. A carrying capacity survey will be completed for the Station in 2013. In conjunction with carrying capacity, is the need to establish a herd of sufficient size to ensure cash flows and profits are sustainable. In order to stock the property, 7,000 breeding cows were sourced from Roebuck Plains, an ILC property outside Broome in Western Australia (WA) and Wave Hill Station south west of Katherine. This gave the business the impetus that many other Indigenous pastoral operations lacked; that is access to a significant number of cattle. Grazing Land Management An understanding of the programs that improve the quality of the country through weed and feral animal control and fire management regimes for pasture protection and weed reduction is critical for grazing land management. Extension services provided by the Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries are very useful in providing advice and education in up to date techniques and strategies. The use of extension services for learning about improved breeder management techniques is also highly recommended. Human Resource Management Warrigundu has a strong focus on the employment and training of local Indigenous people. The business supports up to 20 local Indigenous jobs each year, up to 10 Indigenous trainees and a further 3-4 Indigenous staff who are hired by contractors and service providers. The ILC employs a professional Manager, Assistant Manager, Boreman Mechanic and Station Cook. Each of these staff has a mentoring role –
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