Adventist Review General Paper of the Seventh-day Adventist Church December 13, 1984

Baby Fae: istoric heart transplant Pages 3-7, 16, 17

Cover: Thirteen days after her historic baboon-to- human heart transplant surgery at Loma Linda University Medical Center, Baby Fae listens to her mother's voice on the telephone. Baby Fae's mother, who had a cold, was unable to be in the same room with her baby Three weeks after the surgery, in spite of valiant efforts to save her, Baby Fae died. See pages 3-7. 16, 17. New-style Sabbath school quarterlies Page 10 How I view the church Page 15 THIS WEEK Adventist Review The October 26 transplant of a baboon heart into a 2- week-old baby—"Baby Fae" —by a team of surgeons at Loma Linda University Medical Published continuously since 1849 Center probably put the name EDITOR Seventh-day Adventist on the William G. Johnsson front page of more newspapers ASSOCIATE EDITOR for more days running than any Myron K. Widmer other single event in the history of the Adventist Church. MANAGING EDITOR Jocelyn R. Fay Because the event has gen- erated such media attention and ASSISTANT EDITORS James N. Coffin, Eugene F. Durand has been discussed by so many Aileen Andres Sox people, we have chosen to ADMINISTRATIVE SECRETARY devote considerable space in Corinne Russ this issue to the topic. Loma tion" (p. 5). The editorial permission of Zondervan Bible EDITORIAL SECRETARIES Linda University Relations Chitra Barnabas. Jeanne James director Richard W. Weismeyer "Issues of the Heart" (p. 16) Publishers. shares an overview of what analyzes the propriety of what Art and photo credits: ART Director, Byron Steele happened, in "Loma Linda was done. Cover, pp. 2, 5, 7, Robert Designer, G. W. Busch Performs Historic Heart Trans- Bible credits: Texts in this Rearick (Loma Linda Univer- CONSULTING EDITORS plant" (p. 3). James Coffin, issue credited to N.I. V . are sity Medical Center); pp. 10, Neal C. Wilson, Charles E. Bradford, L. L. Bock, L. L. Butler, Charles B. Hirsch, W. ADVENT- from The Holy Bible: New 11, Holly M. Denton; p. 13, assistant editor of the R. Lesher, Alf Lohne, Kenneth J. Mitt- IST REVIEW, reports the media's International Version. Copy- Mary Rumford; all other photos leider, Enoch Oliveira, G. Ralph Thomp- reaction, in "Heart Transplant right © 1978 by the Interna- courtesy of the respective son, Francis W. Wernick Draws Mixed but Strong Reac- tional Bible Society. Used by authors. SPECIAL CONTRIBUTORS Kenneth H. Wood, Robert H. Pierson, George W. Brown, G. J. Christo, W. T. Clark, Bekele Heye, R. J. Kloosterhuis, Edwin Ludescher, Jan Paulsen, W. R. L. Scragg, Joao Wolff

LETTERS SOUTHWESTERN UNION EDITION Editor, Richard W. Benda]]

EASTERN AFRICA EDITION Letters submitted for publication should church has rejected the view trine. The second point, how- Editor, Bill Edsell contribute ideas and comments on articles or material printed in the ADVENTIST that in effect would raise her ever, deals with the whole his- REVIEW. They should be brief, not exceed- tory of Adventism. INTER-AMERICAN EDITIONS ing 250 words, and must carry the writer's writings to the place of a third Editor, Wanda Sample name, address, and telephone number canon of Scripture." I agree Ellen White's writings have (although this number will not be printed). SOUTH AMERICAN EDITIONS Letters must be legible, preferably typewrit- with this wholeheartedly and I been the most influential factor Editor. R. S. Lessa, Portuguese ten, and doublespaced. All will be edited to in developing the Adventist dis- Acting Editor. Rubem M. Scheffel. meet space and literary requirements, but realize that this has officially Portuguese the author's meaning will not be changed. been the position of our church. tinctives—publishing work, Editor, Rolando Itin, Spanish Views expressed in the letters do not necessarily represent those of the editors or Under point four the editor medical work, educational of the denomination. Address letters for this work, and lifestyle. CIRCULATION column to Editor, ADVENTIST REVIEW, 6840 wrote, "Her work and writings Manager, Robert S. Smith Eastern Ave., NW., Washington, D.C. have been, and continue to be, Associate, L. Rhea Harvey 20012. the chief shaper of this move- Australia TO CONTRIBUTORS Publishing work ment." It seems to me that this Re "Australasia: Progress Unsolicited manuscripts are welcome, but last statement is not in agree- notification as to acceptance or rejection Thank you for the promotion After Pain" (Oct. 4). may be expected only if accompanied by a ment with the previous state- stamped, self-addressed envelope. for the publishing work in the We lived in Australia for ment. It seems that the editor is October 4 issue. It was well put many years until recently. Hap- An index is published in the last Review of saying that officially our posi- June and December. The Adventist Review together, precise, and projected pily we were members of a is indexed in the Seventh-day Adventist tion is such and such, but in the proper image of the pub- church in Canberra where the Periodical Index. reality Ellen White plays the lishing work. EUGENE JUHL doctrinal issues were not The Adventist Review (ISSN 0161-1119) is largest role in determining what Publishing Director allowed to disrupt the spiritual published every Thursday. Copyright © Adventists are all about. I 1984 Review and Herald Publishing Associ- Georgia-Cumberland life of church members. ation, 55 West Oak Ridge Drive, Hagers- would hope that we could move town, Maryland 21740, U.S.A Second- Conference It is interesting that Bible class postage paid at Hagerstown, Mary- from that position and allow the Calhoun, Georgia study enrollments have risen land. Postmaster: send form 3579 to Review Scriptures and Jesus Christ to be and Herald Publishing Association, 55 West dramatically (60 percent in the Oak Ridge Drive, Hagerstown, Maryland Ellen White the chief shapers of our first four months of this year) in 21740. Subscriber: send address change to church. BOB HUNTER the above address. Subscriptions: one year. I agreed with much of "Ellen Australia. This, in part, may be US$30.95. Single copy, 90 cents U.S. Stone Mountain, Georgia currency. Prices subject to change without White in Perspective" (edito- due to the publicity given the notice. rial, Aug. 16) and was glad to ■ The two points are not ih Chamberlain case and recogni- Address all editorial correspondence to 6840 see it in print. tension, as Pastor Hunter sug- tion at last that Adventists are Eastern Avenue NW., Washington, D.0 However, I would appreciate gests. The first refers to theol- Christians and not a cult. 20012. a clarification. Under point ogy matters: Here the Bible is JAN and BRIAN MANTLE Vol. 161, No. 50. three the editor said, "The the source of Adventist doc- Pasco, Washington

2 (1306) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 Loma Linda performs historic heart transplant By RICHARD W. WEISMEYER

"A baby girl was born with a While the news of this surgery came as a surprise to much of the world, research leading up to it has been going on at severe birth defect. . . . Had nothing Loma Linda University for the past seven years. Since 1977, been attempted surgically, her intensive laboratory research in the area of newborn heart impending death was a certainty." transplantation has been conducted by Dr. Bailey at Loma Linda University School of Medicine and Loma Linda University Medical Center. Data from this research suggests that babies born with the lethal heart condition known as hypoplastic left-heart syndrome may have the potential for survival by having heart transplantation during the first few days of life. However, he stretch and yawn of a small, dark-haired, blue-eyed human hearts are virtually impossible to obtain that are Tbaby girl who underwent a historic heart transplant at size-matched and compatible with a neonate. Loma Linda University Medical Center have captured the Even though relatively uncommon, hypoplastic left-heart hearts of millions of people throughout the United States and syndrome is not rare. This defect accounts for approximately around the world. .25 percent of all deaths from heart disease in the first month The transplant of a baboon heart into this 2-week-old girl of life. by a team headed by Dr. Leonard Bailey, a 1969 graduate of New and original information from the Loma Linda the Loma Linda University School of Medicine, was the first University Surgical Research Laboratory, coupled with the of its kind in a neonate (newborn) ever attempted. The news release of a new immunosuppressive agent—cyclo- made the front page in newspapers throughout the United sporine—has opened the way for unique clinical studies in States and around the world, in such places as London, Paris, heart transplantation. These clinical trials have been studied Berlin, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Beijing. extensively and approved by the Loma Linda University Reaction to the news was mixed. The San Diego Union, in Institutional Review Board, the Loma Linda University an editorial on Saturday, November 3, stated in part that "the Bioethics Center, the medical center bioethical committee, great medical team at highly respected Loma Linda Medical the medical center standing transplantation committee, the Center has demonstrated medical science at its best, which is medical center administration, the departments of surgery to say it was willing to dare failure and controversy to save a and pediatrics in the School of Medicine, and the School of life that would otherwise have been lost. And even if Baby Medicine administration. Fae does not survive, she and her doctors will have advanced medical knowledge for the ultimate benefit of mankind." A defective heart Other newspaper editorial pages expressed the same Baby Fae was born in mid-October in a southern opinion. The Dayton, Ohio, Journal Herald said, "It is easy California hospital. She was diagnosed at the hospital of her to be distracted by emotional protests that are beside the birth as haNing a heart defect and transferred to Loma Linda point. University Medical Center, where she was found to have a "We need to focus, rather, on this reality: a baby girl was hypoplastic left-heart syndrome. Subsequently, following a born with a severe birth defect—hypoplastic heart syn- short release period, Baby Fae was readmitted to Loma drome—which made the left side of her heart much smaller Linda University Medical Center, where her parents were than the right side. Had nothing been attempted surgically, fully informed about various options. After many hours of her impending death was a certainty. . discussion, the parents selected the transplantation proce- "Dr. Bailey, his colleagues, and his hospital deserve dure. praise, not condemnation, for trying. Their experiment, born On Friday morning, October 26, Baby Fae underwent a of desperation, may yet be tomorrow's breakthrough for five-hour surgery (called a xenograft) in an attempt to correct untold numbers of babies. " her lethal heart condition. At approximately seven-thirty that Joanne Jacobs, a columnist in the San Jose Mercury- morning, she was taken from her intensive-care room to a News, said, "I'm glad Baby Fae got a chance too; trying to surgical suite in the medical center. Her body temperature save her, even at desperate odds with experimental was carefully lowered from 37° C. (98.6° F.) to 20° C. techniques, was the human thing to do. (68° F.) with the use of a heart-lung machine. This step slows I wouldn't want to live in a society that let its children die down the body functions and makes it easier for the surgeons without a fight." to perform their surgery. Prior to her surgery, several days of clinical tests were Richard W. Weismeyer is director of university relations, done to select primate that was most immunologically Loma Linda University. comparable with Baby Fae. Six baboons (ranging in age

ADVENTIST REVIEW. DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1307) 3 from 4 to 12 months) were selected initially for the tests. This procedures involved in obtaining the informed consent from was narrowed down to two baboons and finally to one after the infant's parents or to release a copy of the consent form. various testing procedures. The institution has taken the position that the consent For all practical purposes, the internal structure of the information is confidential and will be revealed only to baboon's heart is the same as that of a human. The baboon appropriate sources. heart has only two aortic-arch vessels, and human beings Dr. Robert Jarvik, inventor of the artificial heart that was usually have three (though some humans have only two). implanted in Barney Clark in Salt Lake City, Utah, said on Following the surgery, Baby Fae was transferred back to the CBS television program Face the Nation in response to a her intensive-care room, where she was carefully monitored question concerning the immediate detailing of all the around the clock. scientific data learned thus far: "What is the immediate need A couple of hours after the surgery the medical center to know? What is needed is to allow Dr. Bailey and the others began receiving telephone calls from the news media to do the best they can in the circumstances, and I think let the requesting information. Through prior knowledge of and pressure down on them a little bit and let them do their planning for the possibility of a xenograft, the university and work." medical center had established a communication and press Concerned people from around the nation have sent center in the university's Randall Visitors' Center, equipped flowers, presents, and small gifts of money to Baby Fae and with a bank of phones, tables, and electrical outlets for her parents. computers and typewriters. The first few days following the Letters of support for Baby Fae, her parents, and Dr. surgery, medical center and university public relations Bailey have been pouring into Loma Linda University personnel were answering up to 1,500 telephone calls per Medical Center. Entire classrooms of schoolchildren have day from all over the world—Great Britain, France, Italy, shared their thoughts and best wishes. Germany, Switzerland, Japan, Australia, Canada, and "I'm sending you this card as a sign of courage," wrote virtually every corner of the United States. one sixth-grader from Parker Junior High in Rocky Mount, 275 press representatives North Carolina. "I hope you get better soon." Another said, "Our class is really sorry about your heart. I Television crews from the major American networks set hope that we can help you. I wish the best for your new heart. up satellite stations at the university for live and taped If I was a little bit younger I would've given you my heart broadcasts. During the first week following the surgery, because I think babies are nice to have." approximately 275 representatives of the press visited Loma Students also sent letters of encouragement to the parents. Linda. "Dear Baby Fae's Parents, I'm hoping and I'm trusting in The attention of the press on Loma Linda University and the baboon heart to work. Every day I watch the news and the Seventh-day Adventist Church has presented opportuni- sometimes I start to cry. From the pictures on TV I think she ties to tell the church's story through the news media. David is so cute. I hope she lives and I know she will live." VanDenburgh, pastor of the Palo Alto Seventh-day Advent- Perhaps the most poignant response came from a mother ist church in northern California, was interviewed for an whose baby girl died in 1981 of hypoplastic left-heart article that appeared on the front page of the living section of syndrome. In a letter to the surgeon and Baby Fae's parents, the San Jose Mercury-News. In that article, Pastor VanDen- the mother said: "In 1981 I gave birth to a beautiful baby girl burgh explained the basic tenets of the Seventh-day that was diagnosed with a hypoplastic left heart. I would give Adventist Church. anything to trade places with Baby Fae's parents because I Some scientists criticized the Loma Linda team for being had to watch my beautiful [otherwise] perfect child die in my unprepared. However, Dr. Stuart W. Jamieson, a member of arms—because at the time there was no surgery to help her. the Stanford heart transplant team, which is widely regarded "I remember saying [to the doctors], 'There's got to be as the world's leader in that specialty, reported to New York something you can do.' So we took our little girl back to Times science editor Lawrence K. Altman that he strongly begin our agonizing wait. She lived only 24 hours longer. supported the scientific procedures used by the Loma Linda During that 24 hours I still prayed they were wrong. doctors. "What I am trying to say is that I would gladly trade places Dr. Jamieson said he was "rather disappointed to hear with [the parents]. I am glad that now at least Baby Fae has a [that] people in the scientific community have leveled fighting chance. Our little girl was born a few years too early. charges [that] they were unprepared." Referring to criticism I would have given anything to help my baby, as you are of the Loma Linda doctors, he said, "I don't believe any of doing, even if it had only prolonged her life. You see, all I that is correct. It was a legitimate and timely thing to do. " have left of her is six days of memories—a lifetime crammed In answer to the charge that the Loma Linda team had not into six short days, and I wouldn't give up that time I spent sought a human heart before transplanting the baboon heart with her for anything. into Baby Fae, Dr. Jamieson said, "Clearly, a human heart "My love and prayers are with all three of you at this would have been preferable." He went on to say that he did critical time. And remember, our little baby girls were put on not want to be critical of the Loma Linda team, because this earth for a reason only God knows. I realize it is very finding a suitable human heart for Baby Fae the day she hard to accept what has happened and not lose faith. Hang in needed the operation would have been almost impossible. there and keep fighting. Baby Fae's surgery has become controversial not only "I now have three beautiful, healthy children. I often can because surgeons did not first seek a human heart but also see a little blonde head lined up with my other three. She because the medical center has declined to disclose the forever lives in my heart and soul." ❑

4 (1308) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 Heart transplant draws mixed but strong reaction By JAMES C01-1-IN

"It's very easy to sit back and animals might be a more viable proposition than artificial hearts, such as the one implanted in Barney Clark two years be negative. . . . If we all were ago in Salt Lake City, Utah. afraid to attempt the untried, Mark A. Hardy, director of transplantation at Columbia we would have no new treatments." University Presbyterian Hospital in New York, told Science News, "It might work. We think it may be more difficult [than in transplanted human hearts] to avoid rejection in the long term, but even that has never really been put to the test oma Linda University Medical Center was subjected to the with the modern immunotherapeutic techniques." Li greatest media barrage in its history following the Not every sector responded so favorably, however. transplant of a baboon heart into a 2-week-old girl (called Opposition to the surgery came from a variety of quarters and "Baby Fae") by a team of medical center surgeons on Friday for differing reasons. Few people quoted in the press reacted morning, October 26. with indifference. Most held strong opinions. The transplant, the first of its kind in an infant and only the "Instead of one death, now there will be two—the baby fifth ever attempted, made headlines throughout North and the baboon," USA Today quoted animal-rights activist America and in such faraway places as Peking, China. The Lucy Shelton as saying. "We object to the senseless killing news drew reactions of both praise and protest. of the baboon. We object to the extreme suffering of the The Washington Post quoted Nevin Katz, associate child. We feel it's just ghoulish tinkering." professor of cardiovascular surgery at Georgetown Univer- Although the animal-rights activists appealed to emotion sity Hospital in Washington, D.C. , as saying that the use of and even sarcasm—"I hope someone at least prayed for that baboon hearts "could potentially be a very important baboon," surgeon Donald Doyle is quoted as saying—they advance." Katz noted that there are "very few infants who did not impress everyone with their line of thought. die from noncardiovascular causes and are in a position to "Tell me it's wrong to kill animals for sport, or for fur donate the heart." While recognizing the experimental coats, and at least I can understand your point of view," nature of the operation, he labeled it as "appropriate . . in a wrote William Raspberry, columnist for The Washington child who would die otherwise." Post. Donald C. Watson, chief of cardiac surgery at Le Bonheur "I can even understand (though I don't agree with) those Children's Medical Center in Memphis, Tennessee, was critics who say it is wrong to inflict suffering on laboratory quoted in the San Bemadino Sun as saying that 40,000 animals in order to ease human suffering. . people each year could benefit from heart transplant surgery, "But when it comes down to a clear choice of sacrificing but only 2,000 donor organs are available. While admitting an animal to save a human—as it well might as a result of the he was only speculating, Watson suggested that donor Baby Fae experiment—the choice seems ridiculously easy.

On Friday morning, October 26, Baby Fae underwent a five-hour surgery in an attempt to correct her lethal heart condition.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13. 1984 (1309) 5 Maybe it's nothing more than pro-human prejudice, but I Dr. Sheldon said that while it was true that a fairly large don't see what all the fuss is about." number of infants had been given the first operation in Dr. U.S. News and World Report ran parallel interviews, pro Norwood's treatment, Dr. Bailey had been commenting on and con, featuring Jack Provonsha, director of Loma Linda how many had survived the second step of the treatment. Dr. University's Center for Christian Bioethics , and Tom Regan, Sheldon suggested that the press had attempted to pit Dr. professor of philosophy at North Carolina State University. Bailey against Dr. Norwood, making it appear that they did Regan argued that by using the baboon as a donor, the not get along or had strong disagreements. surgeons were treating "the baboon as if the animal exists as "We don't view ourselves as being in competition," a resource for humanity. The baboon has rights. The baboon Bruce W. Branson, chief of surgery at Loma Linda, said at doesn't exist for us; the baboon exists for the baboon," he the same Takoma Park meeting, "but we are all seeking to stated. find answers to the problem." Provonsha disagreed. "On an ethical-value scale, we will The second issue pounced on by the press was the fact that always place human beings above subhumans, especially in the heart of a 2-month-old girl became available on the day of a situation where people can be genuinely served by animals. the surgery. The question was whether or not the Loma Linda . . . Animals, for example, have always been used for food team had seriously looked for a human heart or whether they and clothing. were set on testing the baboon-heart procedure come what "I would not want to sacrifice even a baboon meaning- may. lessly, however. But to do so to save the life of a baby seems Compatibility tests to me to be perfectly in order." Responding to the criticisms of the animal-rights activists, Dr. Bailey was quoted as having said that the difficulty of Leonard Bailey, the surgeon who performed the transplant, finding a human heart, plus the time needed to test it for is quoted in USA Today as saying, "We can either let these compatibility with the recipient, made it "impractical" children die because they are born with only half a heart, or under such circumstances. In fact, the transplant team had intervene and sacrifice some lesser form. . . . I have to deal considered moving the surgery schedule to late Thursday with dying human babies every day and I am more night because Baby Fae's condition seemed to be deteriorat- sympathetic toward that issue." ing. Furthermore, as the Washington Post reported, Paul I. "If you had the opportunity to see this baby and her Teraski, director of the California regional organ procure- mother together," Dr. Bailey was quoted in Time as saying, ment agency, said that while a human heart had become "and see this baby in the best shape she's ever been, you available, Loma Linda officials were not aware of it. would see the propriety of what we are doing." Anticipating the press barrage that would come in the In addition to the animal-rights protests, two other wake of the operation, Loma Linda had prepared a press questions were bandied about in the press. First, a press packet that included facts about the medical center and release prepared by Loma Linda Medical Center stated that university, details of the surgery, details of the malady Baby to date, there has been no corrective surgical procedure for Fae faced, ethical considerations, a list of answers to the hypoplastic left-heart syndrome, the malady from which questions likely to be asked, details of how Loma Linda's the infant suffered. experimental animals are housed, and even biographical and The release stated that William Norwood, of Philadelphia professional data about Dr. Bailey and Dr. Provonsha, who Children's Hospital, had experienced limited success in was the chief spokesman concerning the ethics of such a treating the problem, but other experienced heart surgeons procedure. had been unable to reproduce Dr. Norwood's results. Dr. Despite these attempts to be prepared, Loma Linda found Bailey was quoted in an early report as saying that only two itself facing a group who were not easily satisfied. "I really out of 13 cases treated by the Philadelphia doctor had have sympathy with what they are going through," Time survived. magazine quoted William DeVries, the surgeon who implanted the artificial heart into Barney Clark, as saying. Dr. Norwood's procedure While the news reports admitted that the surgery might be a When contacted by the media, however, Dr. Norwood major scientific breakthrough, they at times were critical of said that he had treated about 100 infants, using a two-step the way the information was released and what they claimed surgical procedure. Of that number, about 40 had survived. were discrepancies in the data presented. Dr. Norwood further stated that contrary to what had been "Major medical advances sometimes do come from said, the procedure was being duplicated by doctors at obscure places," said the New York Times, "and Loma Boston Children's Hospital. In light of this apparent Linda officials are understood to be pleased that Dr. Bailey's discrepancy, the press began to imply misrepresentation of experiment has put the medical center on the map. It may the facts by the Loma Linda team. have a prominent place there if the baboon-heart transplant Explaining the discrepancy to the group of Adventists succeeds. But in establishing itself, Loma Linda has a long assembled in Takoma Park, Richard L. Sheldon, chief of way to go to fulfill its role as a leader in educating the public pulmonary and intensive-care medicine at Loma Linda and about medicine." chairman of the institutional review board that had granted Although Loma Linda was faulted in certain areas by some permission for the transplant to take place, said that the press reporters and observers, there also was positive reaction. in some cases had quoted only part of what was said during "It's very easy to sit back and be negative when a new press conferences and had presented the wrong picture as a treatment is announced," Time quoted John Collins, chief of result. cardiac surgery at Boston's Brigham and Women's Hospital,

6 (1310) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 Dr. Branson described Dr. Bailey as a man who is very close to his patients, one who at times "virtually lives with those patients day and night" after surgeries that require special care. Dr. Bailey, who graduated from Takoma Academy and Columbia Union College in Maryland, studied medicine at Loma Linda, followed by a residency in surgery at the same institution. In 1974-1975, when he was doing cardiovascular surgery at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, he began to take particular note of the number of infants dying from hypoplastic left-heart syn- drome. "From then on, Len Bailey had a mission in life," said Dr. Branson at the Takoma Park meeting. As he sought to find a solution to this problem, which he says affects about one out of every 12,000 live births and usually leads to death within the first two weeks, Dr. Bailey began to experiment with interspecies transplants using young goats and sheep. He was encouraged by the fact that the young of any species do not have a developed immune system. As organ rejection has been the major obstacle in transplant surgery, he felt that human infants might be able to tolerate a nonhuman heart more readily than would those whose immune systems are fully developed. A second factor that made success seem more within reach was the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporine, which had not been available during the earlier attempts at animal-to- human heart transplants. Since the drug has been used in the United States (1979), it has revolutionized transplant surgery. Considered safer than the drugs used earlier, it is less likely to destroy the body's ability to fight infection. After seven years of research and some 150 transplant operations on animals, Dr. Bailey felt that he had gone as far as he could in the laboratory and applied for permission to test the procedure clinically. After months of review by ethics, transplantation, surgery, pediatrics, and administra- tive committees, as well as major input from various experts outside Loma Linda, the institutional review board gave approval in December, 1983. As the various committees had assessed the data Bailey "I'm glad Baby Fae got a chance provided, they had repeatedly asked for more detail or too; trying to save her, even . . clarification on specific points. "Dr. Bailey was unique," with experimental techniques, was Dr. Sheldon told the Takoma Park meeting, as he described how some researchers bristle when committees ask them to the human thing to do. I wouldn't adjust their proposals. "Never once did he become want to live in a society that let defensive," even though he was sent back repeatedly to its children die without a fight." make various adjustments. Despite the permission to proceed, it was some ten months as saying. —If we all were afraid to attempt the untried, we before a case arose in which a xenograft (as the interspecies would have no new treatments." Time stated that Loma transplant is called) seemed appropriate. After five days of Linda University Medical Center "has a fine reputation in tests to determine which potential donor would be most pediatric heart surgery." compatible with the recipient, surgery began. USA Today featured an editorial entitled, "Animal "At 11:35 A.M. on October 26," as Time described it, Transplants Are Worth the Risk." And in that paper's "four hours and five minutes after Baby Fae had first entered "Voices From Across America," the overwhelming major- surgery, her new heart began to beat spontaneously. 'There ity of the people who were asked for an opinion favored what was absolute awe,' recalls [Sandra] Nehlsen-Cannarella [a had been done by Loma Linda. One of the biggest hurdles transplantation immunologist brought in from New York's seemed to be the emotional reaction to the thought of a Montefiore Medical Center]. 'I don't think there was a dry human having an animal heart, particularly that of a member eye in the room.' " of the ape family. Three and a half days after the operation, Baby Fae had set On the other hand, a pediatric surgeon is not without a record as the longest-surviving human with an animal heart emotion either. In addressing the meeting in Takoma Park, beating in her chest. ❑

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1311) 7 Linking arms on our knees

By DANIEL AUGSBURGER

Every sentence of the Lord's Prayer convinced me that I was not totally rejected by God and humans. I am different now." binds us to God and to one another. Prayer had wrought a miracle. It had created a fellowship between a criminal and his victim. Not all prayers create fellowship. In Luke 18 Jesus told a rayer is a marvelous creator of unity. It draws hearts parable about a Pharisee and a publican. The Pharisee's Ptogether, even between strangers and sometimes under prayer was a prayer that divided, that built a wall. It was an extraordinary circumstances. expression of self-sufficiency that separated the Pharisee Margaret Mayfield had just finished some last pre- from God. It was a self-centered prayer. The man went to the Christmas shopping at a mall in San Antonio. Putting her Temple and found no one there except himself. He purchases on the back seat of her car, she felt a gun pressed experienced no communion with God and only deepened the against her ribs as a man told her, "Get into the car and don't gap between himself and others. move! I am Stephen Morin, the man who killed the woman in Too many prayers, E. F. Scott asserts, are "prayers of the bar last night." selfishness." They voice our obsession with ourselves, our His eyes were a terrifying mixture of hatred and fear. own problems, our own salvation, our own family, our own Margaret got in the car. Morin followed, and locked the country, and our own church. There is no place in those doors. prayers for the stranger that is within our gates, for the sinner Margaret's first reaction was to plead mercy for her who tries to drink away his loneliness in a bar or the youth children, but she realized that was exactly what the gunman who attempts through vandalism to attract the attention that craved—a sense of absolute control over a powerless he should receive because of love. being. Instead, she began to pray aloud for her children, her Prayer fosters fellowship husband, and herself. She prayed for the aggressor, begging God to show him that He cared for people like him, who felt In the Gospels, however, we find an example of a prayer rejected and despised. that fosters fellowship. It is the Lord's Prayer. Every After about 15 minutes she felt a sense of absolute calm. sentence of it binds people with God and with fellow human Morin asked her why she was not shaking with fear. She told beings. The words themselves, it is true, were familiar in him the secret of her peace. Then, while people were passing Jewish petitions, but Jesus gave them a new dimension. by, unaware of the potential tragedy in the parked car, Morin The prayer begins with "Our Father," proclaiming a began to open his heart. He told of his unhappy youth, community of origin that leads to a community of dignity that shunted from one foster home to another, soon in trouble is not derived from human legislation or ethical speculation with the neighbors and the police. All he had known were but from the common rights shared by sons and daughters of efficient unconcern and loveless law. God. Those two words lay aside any arrogant claims to As he was pouring out his soul Margie was praying for monopoly on God's goodness and recognize the equal claims him, for his deliverance from the shackles of hatred and of others on His attention. "Our Father" transcends despair. He happened to mention his 4-year-old son and said human-made social walls, arches over differences of culture, that he would rather die than let him go through what he had ignores antagonisms created by history, and pours ridicule known. Margie Mayfield told him that was exactly how God on petty ideas of superiority based on the color of the skin. felt about His children and that He had died for them. Then the prayer proclaims a fellowship of task, of hope, "Now I understand what you mean," Morin replied, and and of purpose. "Hallowed be thy name," a characteristic he prayed, "Jesus, I am sorry for what I have done. Please Jewish thought, acknowledges the duty to reflect in our save me." character the character of God. This duty is grounded in the Morin emptied the bullets from his pistol into Margie's fact that we bear God's name and are His children. hands and told her he would never use a gun again. He asked Therefore, whatever stains our reputation also blemishes her to take him to a bus station. His. Each in his own way can glorify God. Just as in a Shortly afterward, as he was changing buses in Fort symphony different parts create a harmony and in a flower Worth, he was picked up by the police. As he surrendered, he bed contrasting colors and shapes produce beauty, varied explained, "A few hours ago I would have shot it out personalities and talents result in a mighty melody of praise with—and killed, if necessary—everyone on this bus, but I for the Creator. just met a woman who cared and prayed for me. She Bound by a joint task, we share a common hope ("Thy kingdom come") and a common purpose ("Thy will be Daniel Augsburger teaches church history, theology, and done"). That common future shapes our present and Christian philosophy at the SDA Theological Seminary, synchronizes our effort. Like a military band, it keeps people Berrien Springs, Michigan. walking in step together, eyes up in the same direction.

8 (1312) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 The common purpose gives significance to the achieve- self-sufficient. We are all beggars who depend on the love of ments of others. It identifies their efforts with ours. Where a divine Someone else. the first part of the Lord's Prayer is understood, there can be This realization transforms our attitude toward the poor, no second-rate citizens. We feel part of a family, actors in the the weak, those who are on welfare. Instead of considering same drama, aiming at the same objective and committed to them as parasites on the social body, we see fellowmen and the same enterprise. As D. Elton Trueblood says, prayer women whose needs are more obvious but not different from creates "a fellowship of the committed. " ours. Who can brag that he is far better off than another one The second part of the prayer emphasizes even more the when he prays sincerely, "Give us this day our daily bread"? unity of all Christians. It helps us to see others in the setting The fellowship becomes even more intense as we add, of common material and spiritual needs. Nothing brings "Forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors." Thus we people closer together than the awareness of common needs. proclaim that we all need forgiveness, some for open sins, An Army chaplain had been assigned to an Air Force wing some for better-disguised trespasses; but we all are debtors in in Germany. Only eight men attended the first communion God's sight. There is no place for merciless feeling when one service he celebrated. As he left the base chapel totally talks not only of his sins but of "our sins," a confession or discouraged, he went to a little thicket of trees and voiced his participating in a collective moral sickness that is beyond disappointment before God. He heard a voice telling him to human capacity to handle. It is the closeness of people go where the men were in the mess hall. involved in a common tragedy, dumbfounded by the same The impression was so clear that he followed the pain. command immediately. There he sat beside a man whose Then comes the request "Lead us not into temptation." It glance seemed terribly far away and desperately sad. After a is the confession of a common frailty in the presence of while the enlisted man showed the chaplain a letter from his temptation, the recognition that we are not mighty oaks that wife, announcing that she was tired of his absence and was can defy the whirlwind, but reeds that even the breeze can going to marry someone else. The chaplain shared with the bend. For that reason we pray that God will not leave us alone private his own sense of failure that same morning. in our weakness. "You see no light at the end of the tunnel, do you? I do not Who can pray like the Pharisee, "I thank thee that I am not either. You feel that you are wasting your time. I do too." like this publican," when he admits that he cannot face Eventually the man suggested going to that thicket where temptation alone and that he panics in the presence of the evil the chaplain had prayed. The next day the enlisted man came one? with two friends who were eager to meet a person who could How glad we should be to pray, "Deliver us from evil." understand their needs. Before long the chaplain's office was By those words we express a common frustration and too small. They had to go to the chapel. And when indignation. It is a request for God to act and remove the Communion was given again, 300 men were in attendance. power that blights the universe and affects every one of us. Those men felt close to a minister who recognized he too had The Lord's Prayer is a true prayer of fellowship, a true needs. family prayer. It raises us to the height of the throne of God, In the second part of the Lord's Prayer, we first express yet brings us down to the common level of strangers in the common material needs. We do not pray in the singular, land of the enemy and dwellers in a land that is not our own. "Give me my daily bread," but "Give us this day our daily When we pray that prayer we truly belong to the community bread," recognizing that even on the material level no one is of God, to the body of Christ, His church. ❑

ADVENTIST SCRAPBOOK Sponsored by the Heritage Room, Loma Linda University Libraries William Warren Prescott: educator extraordinaire As an educator, administrator, and author, William College. Thus, by 1892, Prescott was president of three Warren Prescott (1855-1944) had a unique influence upon Adventist schools at the same time. Seventh-day Adventist education. Elder Prescott organized the first teachers' institute in At the age of 17 he began his teaching career as an 1891 and later promoted ministerial institutes to upgrade the instructor in Latin, while finishing his last year of secondary ministry. Under his administration, Bible study became a education. At 22, shortly after graduating from Dartmouth regular part of the college curriculum. College, he became principal of a high school in Vermont. Because students lacked supervision in homes, Prescott Two years later, he was appointed head of the main school in introduced the dormitory plan. While president he took up the capital of that State. residence in the dormitory to provide a role model for Prescott was only 30 when, in 1885, he accepted the students. presidency of Battle Creek College, the first Adventist Prescott became editor of first the Review and then the institution of higher learning. In 1891 he helped found Union Protestant Magazine. In his writings he promoted Christ as College, and became president of that school also. One year the center of theology. Many of his innovations and much of later, he assumed as well the presidency of Walla Walla his influence continue to the present time.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1313) 9 New year begins decade of new-style Sabbath school quarterlies MYRON K. WIDMER interviews LEO R. VAN DOLSON

"Our primary intention is to . . . enable people to get into real Bible study for themselves."

hen you open your new Adult Sabbath School Lesson WQuarterly for 1985, you will be in for a surprise. A pleasant surprise. The new quarter's Sabbath school lessons will be distinctly different in both their basic approach to Bible study and their visual design. The coming changes were voted by the World Sabbath School Curriculum Committee during its June 1-11, 1982, meetings, but because of the time required for lesson writing, approval, and publication, the new format could not be implemented until this coming January. The impact of the changes will affect an estimated 2.5 million Adventist adults around the world who use the Adult Sabbath School Lesson Quarterly, which is translated from English into 107 languages. In an interview, Leo Van Dolson, editor of the adult Sabbath school quarterlies and an associate director of the Leo Van Dolson is editor of the adult Sabbath school lessons. General Conference Sabbath School Department, described the forthcoming changes, how they were initiated, and their giving a concise statement of the lesson's theme. Also new is purpose. Highlights of that interview are included here. an Overview that presents a graphic outline of the Bible Widmer: Let me first ask you what you think are the passage to be studied. most noticeable or significant changes in the coming adult Next comes the regular Introduction, followed by the Sabbath school quarterlies. main Bible Study section itself. The body of the lesson has Van Dolson: Most immediately noticeable for the readers undergone a major change. I'll say more on this later. After will be several changes in the visual design. Then, as they the Bible study comes a section entitled Further Study and read the lessons they will see a new organizational pattern to Meditation. In this section we will put Spirit of Prophecy the lessons. And they will sense that a distinct change has material and other items that we have not been able to include been made from a thematic style of Bible study to an in the Bible study section. Our plan is to include Spirit of inductive, chapter-by-chapter, book-by-book study of the Prophecy quotations in the Bible study if they make a direct entire Bible. explanation of what is being studied. But if the quotation is The visual designs include more open space for writing more of a general comment we will put it in the Further Study notes, a graphic outline of each week's lesson, maps, charts and Meditation section, which follows the core of the lesson. to be filled in, colored ink for highlighting special items, and Following this section we have added a Summary, and have other illustrations. retained what we now call the Application section. Our primary intention is to include those items that will This is the pattern of a typical week's lesson. I believe it is enable people to get into real Bible study for themselves. So a more natural approach to Bible study and one that often in the past, questions have been asked in the lessons encourages a person to open up the Bible and follow along and then answered in the following written comments. through the passage with the guidance of the lesson. Readers didn't even have to open up their Bibles! In the new I have heard someplace that each new lesson will be a quarterlies we have changed that situation. Readers will have complete unit without daily division. Is that correct? to open their Bibles and study the passages if they want the Yes and No. What we want to accomplish in the new answers. We feel this will encourage more Bible study. quarterlies is a study that flows uninterruptedly through the You mentioned earlier that some changes have been Bible passage that forms the core of the lesson. We have made in the organization of the lessons. changed from limiting each day's lesson to one page and Yes, we have added a few things in the pattern of each dividing the weekly lesson into six equal-length parts. week's lesson. We have retained the Memory Text because Obviously every Bible passage does not lend itself to we are eager to get people back to the memorization of division into six equal parts. Scripture. We have added what we call a Central Thought, In the new quarterlies we will follow a three- or four-part

10 (1314) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 development for each week's lesson, with numerical logos on the side that indicate suggested portions for daily study. Then you are not creating artificial divisions in the Bible study. Right. That is the major point of our new approach. What remains intact is the development of the Bible study material as the Bible presents it itself, not as we might rearrange it. You earlier mentioned that you are putting larger Ellen White quotations toward the end of the lessons. Is there thus a greater emphasis on studying the Bible itself? For many years now some people have criticized the The adult lesson quarterlies are printed in 107 languages. quarterlies because they think we are getting away from using Ellen White's writings. But for at least ten years, the Curriculum Committee, which met at Loma Linda in June, policy of those preparing the quarterlies has been to use 25 1982, with representatives from around the world. Before percent quoted material, including Ellen White's. Most of this meeting, we had completed a survey of opinions about the quoted material is Ellen White's. The 25 percent rule still the Sabbath school lessons. From the nearly 2,100 responses remains our policy. We just arrange it a little differently, as I received from around the world we found out what many mentioned before. We do not want to cut down on Ellen members liked and what they wanted changed. The White material, because in some of the fields outside North overwhelming consensus was that the members responding America our people do not have access to many Ellen White wanted more in-depth Bible study. This guided the books. They depend on their quarterlies to give them committee in establishing our coming curriculum and Bible pertinent Ellen White material to which they would not have study format. access otherwise. And they would like to see us include And what is the curriculum? more. But we will continue to include the same amount of From the survey we came up with two contending Ellen White material. suggestions. One was that we should present studies to meet Do you see all of these changes as new changes? people's felt needs—what members felt would be most No. Gradual changes have been occurring in the helpful in the way of topics being studied. The second quarterlies over the years. I could show you samples of past suggestion was that we should study some of the Bible books changes. I was surprised when I looked at them myself. that had never been studied since the beginning of Some people have the idea that the quarterly is static, but independent Sabbath school lessons quarterlies in 1888. there are actually little changes all along the way. What we did with these two contending curriculum Over the past several years we have included some of the suggestions at Loma Linda was to say, "Well, they're not in-depth Bible study exercises that we plan to use in the new incompatible. Let's see if we can put them together. The format (questions and then spaces for the answers). At first Bible was written to meet human needs, so let's take our list there was an objection on the part of some. I think more of the of felt needs and match them to a particular book of the Bible intellectual people thought it was kind of "Mickey Mouse" that distinctly speaks to that need." And that's what we have to fill in blanks. So we stopped including blanks to be filled done. in. Then we got a strong reaction. Those contacting us said, The curriculum committee has developed a ten-year Bible "We like the questions and blanks. Why don't you continue study curriculum. We call it the Bible Book Curriculum. By doing that?" So we put them back in again. We try to be the time members finish, they will have studied every book in responsive to the current needs of our members. the Bible. What would you say gave you the greatest impetus for One last question, Dr. Van Dolson. I am curious what the coming changes? the circulation figures are for the adult English quarter- Basically it goes back to our World Sabbath School lies. The combined total of those produced by our department is 471,000. For the regular quarterly it is 365,000; the 4 large-print edition, 44,000; the teacher's edition, 42,000; Days of Trial, Tempest, and the easy-English edition, 20,000. This is in addition to and Triumph (Trouble, Storm, and Victory) the 107 other language editions printed around the world, from Spanish to Russian. What is interesting is that in most of the Socialist countries of Eastern Europe the governments print the lessons for our members. Some print it in a book form for the entire year. That is why we have to work so far ahead in our production schedule—nearly 18 months. That gives them time to translate and print the jessons. Thank you, Dr. Van Dotson. Would you like to conclude with a summary statement? My prayer is that the coming changes will lead each member to a deeper, personal study of God's Word and a closer walk with Jesus. We certainly recognize our need of The new quarterlies will emphasize book-by-book Bible study. God's daily guidance in the work He has given us to do. 111

ADVENTIST REVIEW. DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1315) 11 Christian citizenship

By JOHN V. STEVENS, SR.

The unholy alliance between church shackles, following the Revolutionary War political leaders rose to prominence, dramatically shifting the nation to and state is the ultimate rejection religious freedom and church-state separation. The United of God's providential love. States, as predicted by God, experienced a unique develop- ment in history—a nation without a king and a church without a pope. eople flee oppressive governments to find freedom. They The Bill of Rights in our Constitution guaranteed freedom Pcrave citizenship in a congenial country where a citizen is of religion to those who desired it and freedom from religion free, with rights, responsibilities, and loyalties. to those who did not want it. Government was not to be Christ recognized our duty to Caesar. Citizenship entangled with religion or religion with government. This demands that loyalty be given to one's state. brought peace, prosperity, and liberty. The Founders wanted But Christians have a higher citizenship also. "Our to avoid any impression that political problems had to have citizenship is in heaven" (Phil. 3:20, N.I. V.). Because of religious solutions. this, Peter, when ordered to stop preaching, replied, "We But these freedoms are now threatened. The government ought to obey God rather than men" (Acts 5:29). His has clasped the hand of Rome—establishing official ultimate loyalties were to heaven, not to Judea or Rome. He diplomatic ties, carrying out papal policies. We can see the was, like Paul, an ambassador for Christ (2 Cor. 5:20), time when "our country shall repudiate every principle of its whose "kingdom is not of this world" (John 18:36). Constitution as a Protestant [religious freedom] and republi- He who is loyal to God's kingdom and is His ambassador can government [civilian freedom]. "—Testimonies, vol. 4, will not entangle "himself with the affairs of this life; that he p. 451. may please him who hath chosen him to be a soldier" (2 Tim. Recent decisions of the Supreme Court are cause for 2:4). An ambassador attends to the affairs of his own alarm. In 1982 the Court ruled in United States v. Lee that government, protecting the interests and rights of those "to maintain an organized society that guarantees religious visiting from his nation. In the same way we are to protect freedom to a great variety of faiths requires that some religious freedom by communicating with our legislators and religious practices yield to the common good." In far- by voting to put into office those who will uphold these reaching implications in the 1983 Bob Jones University v. liberties. United States, the Court said, "The institution's purpose In the United States some political activists have forgotten must not be so at odds with the common community the nature of Christ's kingdom. They believe religious laws conscience as to undermine any public benefit that might will bring the blessings of heaven on this nation by otherwise be conferred." developing an outward conformity to what they conceive to A religious minority be God's will, even though it is void of inward faith and a willing spirit. The "common community conscience" was something But enactment of such laws binds "consciences of men in religious dissidents fled when they left the Old World. As regard to their religious privileges," marking "national Sabbathkeepers, we are a religious minority and acutely apostasy" and bringing "national ruin" (The SDA Bible aware of the evils of religion enforced by the state. Commentary, Ellen G. White Comments, on Rev. 14:9-12, A month later, in Mueller v. Allen, the Court reinterpreted p. 977). A similar movement ended up crucifying Christ. the three-part establishment test in harmony with the U.S. This is how the beast power developed in the early Catholic Conference request. The new interpretation lays the centuries. Professed Christians allied themselves with foundation for further government support for religious Rome's government, trampling rights of conscience of those institutions and observances. who differed, even killing millions. About the same time, in Marsh v. Chambers, the Court The modern church-state marriage promises to restore authorized tax-supported prayer in the Nebraska State God's law. In reality it will do just the opposite. The legislature. "To invoke divine guidance on a public body fulfilling of the law is to love God supremely and one's entrusted with making the laws is not, in these circum- neighbor as himself. How can love exist in the atmosphere of stances, an 'establishment of religion' or a step toward coerced conscience and forced religious behavior? establishment; it is simply a tolerable acknowledgement of The unholy alliance between church and state is the beliefs widely held among the people of this country." More ultimate rejection of God's providential love and is the alarming, the three-part establishment test was completely acceptance of Satan as ruler and provider. Breaking those ignored for the first time since its inception. This past spring, the Pawtucket, Rhode Island, publicly John V. Stevens, Sr., is director of the Religious Liberty funded crèche was found constitutional. Lynch v. Donnelly Department of the Pacific Union Conference. said the religious display inclusion was for the purpose of

12 (1316) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 celebrating "the public holiday through its traditional symbols. Celebration of public holidays, which have cultural FOR THE YOUNGER SET significance even if they also have religious aspects, is a legitimate secular purpose." Similar arguments could be used for Sunday religious observance. Sunday is the most popular public holiday. Worship services are traditional. In Marsh v. Chambers, the Nebraska law required compulsory attendance of legislators for the daily devo- The grateful raccoon-2 tional. Now the necessary legal decisions for upholding the constitutionality of required Sunday observance are in place. By GAYLE L. BOVEE The administration urged all these decisions except Jones. The story so far: Beth had We have a work to do to preserve liberty, challenge efforts he did not take any chances. gone down to play by the When it was free the to establish religion, reveal to others the true character of river. While she was watch- raccoon stood and looked at God, who in love grants freedom of choice, and deepen our ing some salamanders, she the family as if to say Thank commitment to Christ as we prepare for His soon coming. heard a strange noise. you. Historically and theologically, the Seventh-day Adventist Investigating, she found a At that moment, out from Church has purposely been officially silent on political raccoon with its foot caught the bushes scrambled four issues. As a tax-exempt organization it endorses no political in a trap. Beth knew that she baby raccoons that looked candidates or parties. However, on church-state issues that should not touch a wild like masked kittens. The threaten our religious freedom and our national Constitution, animal, so she ran to the babies seemed very glad to the church has a duty to speak out. house to get her mother and see their mother free. The father. As they hurried One hundred years ago religious-political zealots cam- raccoon limped over to her toward the trapped animal young, and then the whole paigned to make the United States officially a Christian Beth explained what had raccoon family disappeared nation. A constitutional Sunday law amendment was happened. into the bushes. defeated. The church was reticent to become involved, just Beth tried to be calm as Mommy explained, as it may be today. she explained what she had "You know, Beth, what we When satanic forces pressed to force religious observance seen. "I had just gone down did for that raccoon is just of Sunday, Heaven sent a message: "Any movement in favor to the river when I heard an what God did for us when He of religious legislation is really an act of concession to the awful noise that scared me. sent Jesus to die on the cross papacy." "When the National Reformers began to urge Then I saw something flop- for us. Together they freed measures to restrict religious liberty, our leading men should ping around in the bushes. I us from the hold that sin has have been alive to the situation and should have labored ran over to see what it was. on us. When we cry out for There was a raccoon that help, just as that poor rac- earnestly to counteract these efforts. It is not in the order of seemed to be crying for help coon did, Jesus is there to set God that light has been kept from our people—the very because its foot had become us free. All we have to do is present truth which they needed for this time. Not all our caught in a trap." ask for help and forgive- ministers who are giving the third angel's message really They walked a little far- ness." understand what constitutes that message. "—Testimonies, ther until Mommy and As they turned to walk vol. 5, pp. 711, 715. Daddy both saw the raccoon back to their home the rac- God has given counsel for us, also. "We cannot labor to lying in the bushes, resting. coon family reappeared to please men who will use their influence to repress religious It had grown weary from say Thank you once again. liberty . . . The people of God are not to vote to place such tossing fearfully trying to The little raccoons men in office; for when they do this, they are partakers with free itself. The tired raccoon expressed their love for their no longer cried. mother by rubbing their them of the sins which they commit while in office."— "You did the right thing bodies against their mother's Fundamentals of Christian Education, p. 475. (Italics by coming to get help. The body. The mother raccoon supplied.) God does not hold His people accountable for raccoon is afraid, and it revealed her appreciation for political wrongs of politicians to whom they give support, might have tried to bite Beth and her parents by but He clearly does when support is given to those who you," Daddy explained. making friendly, happy repress religious liberty. Daddy was very careful to noises in her throat. One of the most frequently asked questions in religious stay away from the rac- "I think we made a rac- liberty forums is Since we know that we will lose our coon's teeth as he released coon family very happy," religious liberties before Christ can come, isn't the church the trap. He knew that rac- Daddy remarked as they delaying the Lord's coming by preserving freedoms? coons often have rabies, and walked away from the river. But what is our duty? "It is our duty to do all in our power to avert the threatened danger. . . . We should bring before them [the people] the real question at issue, thus interposing the most effectual protest against measures to restrict liberty of conscience. "—Testimonies, vol. 5, p. 452. By making an issue of religious freedom, it becomes a catalyst to share God's saving truth and actually hastens Christ's return. By such means we show ourselves to be loyal citizens of our country—and also of the heavenly kingdom. ❑

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13 1984 (1317) 13 DEAR MIRIAM By MIRIAM WOOD

whiteness of my pastor's quality of her performance: (1) "My pastor's wife is preaching shirts, nor would it Keep her little children every ruin my Sabbath if a bit of week for several hours, leaving a disappointment" variation existed. her free to—well, cope with As for coping with three those wretched shirts, if nothing My pastor's wife is such a a shepherdess. First of all, she lively little children, if she can else; (2) offer to prepare at least disappointment to me. I had must share her husband totally cope at all, good for her. Chil- half of a nice meal for her to use always thought that a pastor's with his members. His commit- dren don't come into the world in some of the entertaining she wife should be accomplished ment must be absolute, because with the letters "PK" must do. in all sorts of ways and have of the nature of his calling. This (Preacher's Kid) stamped on When do parents no longer lots of leadership. She should means that family wishes and their foreheads and a halo firmly "know best"? be an example to everyone. plans never can be really firm. in place. Blessedly, they're just I sense a bit of family tension But mine doesn't even keep No matter what is on the per- normal children who act the in this question. Logically, I her three little children quiet sonal agenda, there may be a part. suppose we might say that when while her husband is preach- crisis in the life of a member, an On the point of entertaining a human reaches the age of ing. Also she doesn't dress accident, a death, a brush with large groups on Sabbath, you majority, usually thought (in nearly as well as she should. the law, or whatever. Twenty- have already stated that your Western cultures) to be about What's more, some of us feel four hours a day the pastoral shepherdess works outside the 21, then he/she is able to make that she should be doing more home is at the mercy of a voice home—and I am pretty sure it is personal decisions successfully for the church, such as enter- on the telephone: "Pastor, out of necessity. Money will and with no assistance. But like taining groups on Sabbath please come !— stretch only so far. (And there other generalizations, it cannot and working hard with the A shepherdess usually has the still may not be enough for the be totally relied upon. People's Community Services church primary responsibility for the wardrobe you feel she needs.) maturity varies a great deal. The group. Apparently no one pastoral children, not always In addition to all these stresses Bible urges again and again that ever taught her how to get her because the pastor is unwilling we have mentioned, must she the young listen to their elders. husband's shirts really white to take his share of the load, but somehow still produce a big Many counselors are declared to and to iron them properly. because of the circumstances meal every Sabbath? Just think- be the safest way to proceed in She probably feels that her we have mentioned. As for her ing of all that work for her decision-making. working outside the home clothes, if she tries to dress in exhausts me. This does not But I think you are referring excuses her from other things. anything approaching style, she mean that she will not from time to the fact that the parental role Why don't we have the solid, is criticized for being to time open her home and is very difficult for some parents capable, dedicated, old-fash- "worldly." If she does not (and extend hospitality. to shake off; all through their ioned pastors' wives that we your letter confirms this), she is But now let's get to the children's lives they uncon- used to have? open to the charge of being bottom line. Have you ever sciously hover over them, Probably because we don't "dowdy." It's a no-win situa- stopped to think that your shep- admonishing, reproving, and have the solid, good, old-fash- tion. If she is an accomplished herdess is not paid one cent for sometimes applauding. When ioned, uncomplicated world public personality, some mem- her role in the church, for her the "children" are in their 50s, that we used to have—and also, bers say that she is "too visi- great contribution? You seem to let us say, that can become a bit have you ever heard the expres- ble." If she is retiring, some feel, however, that she has a onerous. It would be crippling sion "Distance lends enchant- may say that she is not "giving 100 percent obligation to the to turn to parents for decisions ment to the view"? But I do not leadership." church. Is that fair? I certainly all the days of one's life. But I accept your basic assumption Now, about the white shirts. do believe that pastoral wives think tact, a sense of humor, and that current pastoral wives are a Are you sure she is able to must pull in double harness with forbearance are needed here, sorry lot, and I cannot tell you afford a good washer and dryer? their unique husbands, but to and a realization of the faithful- the pain I feel on reading your And for that matter, how does demand perfection from them is ness of parents when one was letter. one keep shirts "sparkling cruel and impossible. young and ignorant and reck- I thought of my own young white" when they are not 100 By now you realize that I am less. shepherdess, and of how much I percent cotton and cannot be a strong supporter of pastoral My dear grandfather, in love and admire her. I thought bleached? I can remember the wifehood. It's a beautiful and whose home I was raised, of my own days long ago as a days of struggling with those wonderful calling—but it needs always thought of himself as the pastoral wife, and I realize that I wretched cotton shirts, stiff as to be clearly understood in all its fount of wisdom; no matter did not measure up to the tip-top boards from my lumpy starch. implications and facets. Please what the subject, he would close expectations of all the mem- (You're not writing to the sit down and rethink your atti- the discussion with "I know bers. But I will be forever world's greatest laundress.) I tude and try to be your shep- better." I used to chafe a bit as grateful that I received such am so happy that easier-care- herdess' best friend instead of the years went on, but if I could love and support from my hus- shirts are available now, and to her severest critic. hear that dear voice just once band's churches. tell you the truth, I have never Let me suggest two tangible more, those words would be Now let us discuss the role of once noticed the degree of ways for you to improve the sweet.

14 (1318) ADVENTIST REVIEW. DECEMBER 13, 1984 FROM THE EDITORS

My confidence is based on Him, not But that same pen prevents How I view on human institutions and plans. anyone from destroying the church. When I look at the church I It denounces the critics who would the church inevitably see its human character. seek to employ these writings to The church is frail, weak, and tear apart the church by advocating "The REVIEW never presents the defective because it is fully human. a splinter or reform movement. faults of the church," complains a I am the church, you are the church: So we find exalted descriptions correspondent. "You give only the This is why the church is imperfect. of the church: It is carried in sunny side of things." But faith sees more. It sees God Christ's heart (Christian Service, p. Not so. During the past two years working out His purposes through 243); it is a case that contains we have run reports on topics such erring, limited men and women. It Christ's jewels (Testimonies, vol. as the Davenport affair (Jan. 27, sees the church as Christ's body (1 6, p. 261); it is "Christ's fortress in March 24, 1983); the state of the Cor. 12:13), His bride (Eph. 5:29- a revolted world" (Medical Min- publishing work (Jan. 20, 1983), 32), His temple (1 Cor. 3:16), His istry, p. 89) and His "channel of including the pointed editorial building (Eph. 2:19-22), His vine- light to the world" (The Acts of the "Publish or Cherish" (June 9, yard (1 Cor. 3:5-9). It sees the Apostles, p. 122); it is dear to the 1983); and the pain through which church as precious in the eyes of the heart of God (Christ's Object Les- the Australasian Division has been Saviour. sons, p. 165); it is the repository of passing in recent years. ■ The writings of Ellen G. White the riches of Christ's grace (The But I do confess to having an underscore the Biblical emphasis on Acts of the Apostles, p. 9) and unabashedly positive stance toward the high value that God places on God's appointed agency for saving the church. the church. In them I find again the men and women (ibid.). As editor of the ADVENTIST divine-human nature of the church. ■ I have seen the transforming REVIEW, I am committed to bring- How sharply the pen of inspira- dynamic of Seventh-day Adventism ing you the news of the church— tion points out the flaws of the at work on three different conti- your church. Most of the news is church! It exhorts and exposes; it nents. Adventism has within it the good, but sometimes it is bad. I rebukes and remonstrates; it tests seed of greatness. It takes boys and would rather hear the bad news individuals and institutions against girls from the humblest of origins from someone whose overall view the divine plumbline. and educates them; it lifts their of the church is positive rather than sights to higher ground; it makes negative, and I expect you would them men and women who outstrip also. Today there is no lack of their peers. privately published papers that spe- Upward social mobility often is cialize in negative criticism! associated with religious minori- In my judgment, to be positive ties. In Adventism, however, such about the church is not to be naive. Direction mobility is manifested in an unusual It isn't a matter of seeing only what degree, whether people live in New By BETTY KOSSICK one wants to see. Rather, it is based Mexico or New Guinea, in Bombay on solid evidence: The Word or Baltimore. ■ Christ is Lord of the church. Teaches, guides, That is another reason I am Finds the heart, Then— Tenderly, surely, Gives new paths.

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1319) 15 I am positive about the church. I have seen how Christ is active through it to make men and women whole.

positive about the church: I have movement, and problems of financ- spent on an experimental procedure seen how Christ is active through it ing a world work. that may or may not work, when to make men and women whole. I In the past the church often has thousands of children are starving do not suggest that Christ is at work seemed about to fall, but it has not each day in various places around only in Adventism—but I do affirm fallen. Those times will come the world? His presence in our midst. again. When doubts assail us, let us What must be the probability of Inevitably, one's attitudes are remember who is our Head, how success before such a procedure influenced by experience. Some God regards the church, and how should be undertaken? In fact, what Adventists who feel less positive He has led us in our past. would constitute success? An about the church will cite instances It is time for Adventists to put extension of life beyond that of any of injustice, erroneous theology, aside defensiveness and apolo- previous recipient of an animal stupidity, or deception that they getics. We have a glorious message heart? Six months? A year? Adult- have observed in the church. to give to the world, one that makes hood? No doubt such instances have men and women happier and Should animals be a source of occurred. Similar ones will occur healthier, one that gives them hope spare parts for humans? Do animals again. Even a cursory reading of and aspiration. have inalienable rights? Does the history discloses the barbarous Let us not be proud or triumphal- Seventh-day Adventist emphasis on deeds done in the name of Christ or istic. But neither let us be timid the sanctuary service, with all its some other religious leader, often and defensive. In humility but in animal sacrifice, make us callous by people who appealed to their bold confidence let us proclaim the toward animals and color our ethi- sacred writings. People have killed good news of the Saviour returning cal perceptions, as some have sug- for God's sake, and occasionally in the clouds and His challenge to gested might be the case? they do so today. this generation. W. G. J. Is a baboon heart not acceptable Does this history disprove Chris- because the baboon is unclean tianity? Do the flaws of the church according to the Levitical code? today indicate that God has for- Issues of Would a lamb's heart be accept- saken it? able? Or are all animal parts unac- Not at all. Every example of ceptable? failure and weakness merely points the heart Would a human heart be accept- to the human side of the church and The October 26 baboon-to- able (after all, humans are draws our attention to the infinite human heart transplant done by a unclean)? If the use of an unclean condescension of the Lord in choos- team of surgeons at Loma Linda animal's heart would violate the ing to work through men and University Medical Center has pre- Biblical commands about what can women to accomplish His pur- cipitated a debate likely to continue be eaten, would the use of a human poses. for months among medical practi- heart constitute cannibalism? Is the So long as the church awaits the tioners, ethicists, theologians, and use of an animal heart equivalent to coming of the Lord, it will live in thousands of others ranging from the "amalgamation of man and the midst of cares and struggles. At university students to ditchdiggers. beast" that Ellen White described the present time the issues are Some people have called the as such a grievous sin? heavy ones: Apart from our need operation an abomination. Others Is it fair to create such potential for spiritual renewal, we face rest- have heralded it as a great scientific for a child to become the brunt of lessness over the role of the local breakthrough. But few have reacted jokes from peers ("Hey, you with congregation, difficulties in pre- with indifference. the monkey heart . . . ")? Is it fair serving unity in a fast-growing A multitude of questions can be to use such heroic measures to save and are being raised concerning the a child's life when the child may operation's propriety. But few lend themselves to simple answers. For example: How much money should be

16 (1320) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 The baboon-to-human transplant is more dramatic than what has been done before, but in principle it is nothing new.

have to have repeated costly and ists. As a people who have been pretations—is it not probable that painful surgeries to survive? commissioned to issue a call to her major focus is on gross forms of Is it less painful for a parent to worship the Creator of heaven and sexual immorality involving ani- have a child die at two weeks of age earth, we feel that we of all people mals? While her statement might than at six months? How long should have a special sensitivity address certain forms of genetic would a person have to live before toward all of God's creatures. engineering, we would question the extension of life could be justi- While concern for animals has that it is applicable in this case. fied? Who should decide? The par- never been the foremost reason for For years medical science has ent? The doctor? The public at Adventism's advocacy of vegetar- drawn on animal sources for spare large? ianism, we feel it is a valid argu- parts and products to promote Should the Adventist Church's ment in places where consumption human healing. There is at least one foremost medical institution con- of animal products is not essential well-known and much-respected duct its research in such a way that to survival. leader in our church whose ministry it will not run the risk of any bad By the same token, we recognize would have been cut short several publicity? Or should it seek to be an that in this world of sin there must years ago had his heart not been innovator in the healing arts (recog- be a hierarchy of creaturely value. kept functional by the implanting of nizing that departures from tradition While we would want to limit a heart valve taken from a pig. in any field often are resisted)? suffering to the minimum, there are Certainly, the baboon-to-human If the operation proves suc- times when lower forms of life must transplant is more dramatic than cessful, is there danger that evolu- be sacrificed for the good of higher what has been done before, but in tionists will use the success to prove forms. Would not even the animal- principle it is nothing new. that man and ape have come from rights activist seek to rid a dog of Most of the questions raised by the same origins? Or could the fleas and ticks? what took place at Loma Linda on success be explained as proof of Understandably, some Advent- October 26 simply cannot be nothing more than our having come ists question the use of parts from answered definitively. In fact, the from a common Creator? an unclean creature in human trans- propriety or impropriety of many of Having once decided that a par- plant surgery. However, we always the issues must be determined by ticular form of treatment potentially have viewed the Levitical code the motives prompting those is a viable option and having more in terms of health and hygiene involved. And motives are not for received permission to proceed with than in terms of spiritual ritual. us to judge. that treatment, can the doctor be The same passages that prohibit Undoubtedly, the participants in objective in the advice and even the the consumption of unclean crea- this historic event at Loma Linda information that he or she passes on tures also prohibit touching their would do some things differently if to the patient? Do the surgeons carcasses. Yet as a church we never they had it all to do again. After all, view the infant as a human being or have condemned having pigskin life is a learning process. However, merely as an experiment? covers on Bibles. The book of we believe that the personnel at Is it not possible that the Leviticus also condemns consump- Loma Linda are Christians, people researchers could be motivated by a tion of blood. Yet, unlike the Jeho- of integrity whose professionalism desire for personal fame and recog- vah's Witnesses, we do not view a has given Loma Linda a position of nition instead of by true concern for blood transfusion as violation of respect in both the local and the the patient, the reputation of the this prohibition. medical communities. medical center, or the name of the With regard to Ellen White's We give them our full support as church? amalgamation statement—concern- they seek to offer ever-improved While these are but a few of the ing which there are numerous inter- forms of healing while attempting multitude of questions that can be to satisfy the rigorous demands of a raised, they are adequate to show strongly Biblical theology, medical the complexity of the issues and Christian ethics, and a public involved. who will deify one moment and We sympathize with some of the villify the next. J. N. C. concerns of the animal rights activ-

ADVENTIST REVIEW. DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1321) 17 WORLDVIEW

through the open kitchen door- with Mike, Betsy, Donald, and Converts in Taiwan way began to get the best of me. Taylor. Having discovered that Deciding not to change my the Ekvalls and Osborns, also stay on as SDA missionaries original lunch plans, I said, missionaries, were slightly "Betsy, I'd love to have you eat acquainted with the Carsons, I By LORALYN HORNING with me. My husband's not had invited them to join us. coming this noon, and I was just Dinner and worship meshed planning to eat granola. Does together into a "festive" eve- The thirty-ninth session of mail, I had jumped into the car that sound good to you?" It did, ning, as Betsy later described it. the SDA Institute of World and headed up the little dirt road and over the granola bowl we But at the time, she and her Mission was held on the campus skirting our compound to the discovered our mutual interest family seemed to be merely of Andrews University during nearest mailbox. in healthful living. passive observers. We won- the summer, with 60 adults and On my return I noticed an Before she left I mentioned dered what they thought. 28 children in attendance. American woman with two chil- again that we would enjoy A few days later the tele- Of the prospective mission- dren walking down the road, meeting her husband. "Could phone rang. Betsy was inviting aries participating, 31 were on carrying small packs on their you come for dinner this coming the children and me to lunch. their way to Africa, 16 to Asia, backs. Not recognizing them as Friday night?" I asked. "It's During lunch, to my surprise 11 to Latin America, and two to indigenous to our Taiwan trails, the beginning of our Sabbath, she asked about "this Sabbath Europe. The group, which I stopped the car and introduced but if you don't mind joining us stuff." I asked her if she would included medical doctors, den- myself. Learning that they were we'd love to have you." like to know what the Bible had tists, teachers, pilots, adminis- heading to the bus, I offered to "That sounds nice," Betsy to say about it. She agreed, and trators, evangelists, and an edi- give them a lift. replied. "I'll let you know." a few days later she again came tor, attended classes and Seven minutes down the Friday night arrived along to our compound gate with a participated in activities ravine and up the other side designed to prepare them for went by quickly as I discovered more effective mission service. that these strangers were Betsy, Among those in attendance Donald, and Taylor Carson. were Michael Carson, who will Betsy's husband, Mike, be teaching English at Taiwan recently had completed his doc- Adventist College, and his toral studies in ancient Chinese wife, Betsy. The steps leading linguistics at the University of to the Carsons' appointment to Washington. They had just Taiwan are outlined in the fol- come to Taiwan, and Mike was lowing story. teaching at Tai Da University. Before they jumped out to catch their bus, I said, "Betsy, The unexpected buzz of the we'd enjoy getting acquainted gate signal jarred my reverie. with your husband, as well. Can After answering with my typical you folks come for dinner "Ni Hau" ("Hello"), I heard a tonight?" hesitant, "Hi, this is Betsy." Because they were moving Betsy? Frantically I tried to into the city that very day, they remember when I last had heard couldn't come. But the invita- that name. Meanwhile I tion struck Betsy as unusual. responded into the intercom, She doesn't even know me, and Members build church in Northeast India "Oh, hi, Betsy. I'm glad you're here she's inviting us for dinner, Adventists in Samzuiram, Nagaland, India, are constructing one here. Let me open the gate." she thought. What kind of peo- of the largest churches in the new Northeast India Union, after some Who did I know named Betsy? ple live up here on Yang Ming 18 years of Adventist presence in the area. Then I remembered an incident Shan Mountain? The members are doing most of the work themselves, although a just a few days previous. A few days later an errand shortage of funds has stopped the project momentarily. I had written a letter that brought her back to our area. When Adventists came to the area in 1966 it was thickly forested, morning, and feeling it should No, I mustn't stop, she thought, with a few thatch houses here and there. However, they cleared the not wait until my husband could it's noon. Yet she found herself land and prepared it for cultivation. mail it with the morning's office strangely drawn to our gate. Although they were severely persecuted by local people about I welcomed her in, and we sat 1975, they did not leave, and now the church is growing and the new Loralyn Horning was a mis- down in the living room to visit. building being built. V. THANSIAMA sionary in Taiwan at the time After a half hour had passed, the Field Director this story took place. fresh granola fragrance wafting Northeast India Union

18 (1322) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 borrowed Jerusalem Bible in the church service, and the Adventist College. After much parsonage. Students and faculty her hand. whole family took their baptis- thought and prayer the Carsons have provided the nucleus for So began our weekly journey mal vows together. In the after- decided to accept. this congregation. through the Bible. Carefully I noon everyone hiked to a quiet Today, as I write these "Students did the planning, watched Betsy's skeptical face pond to witness those precious words, the Carsons are attend- designed the advertising bro- as we studied eternal realities. moments of baptism. ing the mission institute at chures, decided on the When we came to a topic we did During the next nine months Andrews University, eagerly speakers, and did the preaching not have time to cover, I would the Carsons continued Bible preparing to return to Taiwan. for the evangelistic meetings," say, "Would you like to get studies with the Haytons. Mike Mission work has filled their Mrs. Gilkeson said. Although together next week and study continued his teaching job at the lives with a purpose. They want an influenza epidemic hit the that?" To my amazement she university. Betsy became to share the wonderful peace, town and closed the schools, the always paused, thought a involved in cooking schools, the joy, and the sense of fulfill- students carried on with the moment, and hesitatingly said, the La Leche group, and church ment that they now know. meetings. Sometimes when no "Well, all right." school activities. Then the Far And to think, it all began with visitors came because of sick- Despite occasional interrup- Eastern Division asked Mike if a friendly Hello, an offered ness, the students went to tions from my two babies and he would teach at Taiwan ride, and a bowl of granola. homes for the service. the phone, our friendship grew. The meetings developed a For four months we built number of interests. Bible stud- memories together over the ies and visitation are continu- Bible and around the dinner Academy Bible laboratory ing. table. Then my family was For the past five years the called to Singapore. We hated balances knowledge and action four-year senior club at the to say Goodbye, but kind academy has sponsored a ten- friends took up the studies kilometer (six-mile) race, under where we had left off. By MORTEN JUBERG the direction of history teacher Summer came. Several mis- Olin Peach. Funds raised by the sion families went on furlough, race have been sent during the and Betsy and Mike were left One would not suppose that period on Fridays, but that past three years to a self-sup- with their thoughts. What evangelistic meetings, a ten-kil- many of them had projects porting school in Teso Paco, would they do? What about ometer (six-mile) run, street during other times. Mexico. these contented Adventists? signs, a Community Services "We asked students at the Each year at Christmas, Happiness and peace seemed to center, and aid to a Haitian beginning of each month to Peach leads a group of students radiate from them. The Carsons beggar have anything in com- present their ideas of what they to the Mexican school for a would like that peace in their mon. However, at Upper wanted to do for their Bible lab week of volunteer work. This own lives. They also were Columbia Academy in Wash- work," he said. "They brought year 29 students helped build interested in sending their chil- ington these varied activities their plans to the Bible teacher faculty homes on the school dren to the Adventist school. represent the involvement in a to get them approved, After campus. At this time they were given a Bible lab program, something they had done their work, they Although the town of Span- copy of Christianity Today that affects almost every student reported on what happened, gle near the academy is 112 containing an article about the and many of the faculty mem- how they could have improved years old, until this year it never theological controversy sur- bers. it, how much time it took, and had any street signs. In a joint rounding Desmond Ford and the Jerry Gilkeson, former Bible other important details." venture, the city furnished the financial problems relating to teacher at the academy—who Gilkeson said, for example, materials, and the youth did the Donald Davenport. Friends with his wife, Eve, is studying that one young man volunteered work. Janet Neumann, wife of urged them not to get mixed up medicine this year in Ensenada, to help in a local store. "He the academy choir director, led with "that cult group." But Mexico—directed the student surprised the store owner by the work. Mike's analytical mind digested involvement this past school saying he was willing to spend A group of six to eight the article, and certain that there year. Gilkeson believes that some time in -any work he students gave up play periods to must be two sides to the story, when a student is introduced to wanted him to do." construct the signs and fasten he decided he just had to learn Christian concepts in the class- Other students did their proj- them to posts. They then dug all more. room, it is necessary to put him ects when they went home on the holes for the signs, using a When the summer ended, or her to work to provide a leave. They might have visited school tractor. A cement truck Mike and Betsy continued balance between knowledge their grandparents or elderly arrived, and the students filled studying with Bill and Cheryl and action. persons, offering to help them each hole with cement, firmly Hayton. On the side, Mike "During the first four school as needed. They might have anchoring the signs. began seeing Pastor Bob Bird. days of a week, we gave the baked cookies for someone or "We began our work at 8:00 The puzzle pieces began to fit students teachings from the done other assorted tasks. How- A.M. on a rainy day and we together. Peace replaced their Scriptures," he explained. ever, most of the Bible lab finished by 5:00 P.M., just in inner struggle for meaning. Joy "Then on Friday we gave them projects fell into more specific time to get home and see our- filled their lives. the opportunity to put these programs. selves on the evening news on a In answer to prayer, I was concepts into use in a laboratory Early in the school year stu- Spokane television station," able to return for their baptism experience." He said that not dents began planning for a Mrs. Neumann said. on August 6, 1983. Betsy. and all students fulfilled their series of evangelistic meetings Students also helped estab- Mike, already active in the adult requirements in a 40-minute in nearby Rosalia. A few years lish a Community Services cen- English Sabbath school class, back, the Upper Columbia Con- ter in the old parsonage in were teachers that day. Mike Morton Juberg is a REVIEW ference helped the school pur- Rosalia. After Richard and provided special music during correspondent, chase an abandoned church and Barbara Reid moved to Rosalia

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1323) 19 about two years ago to help with (Adventist Development and United States for treatment. About four years ago Ferdi- the outreach in the little commu- Relief Agency). He wrote to Physicians at a Toledo, Ohio, nand Poswick, a Belgian Bene- nity, Mrs. Reid received some one of the directors, Lee Grady, hospital donated their services. dictine monk who directs a used clothing from the Cheney asking about a project for stu- Francois' leg had to be ampu- center for Biblical studies called Community Services Center dents. Grady spent a weekend tated, but he was fitted with an Promotion Biblique et Informa- and began a small operation in on campus, outlining several artificial limb and now is walk- tique in the Abbey of Mared- Rosalia. needs. ing. sous, wrote to Bacchiocchi When she decided to move The students finally selected In a special program at the requesting a copy of From the children's Sabbath school Anziade Francois, from Haiti, close of the school year, Grady Sabbath to Sunday. A year classes out of the old parsonage as their project. Afflicted with presented a plaque to the later, while visiting the United and into their home across the elephantiasis, a crippling tropi- school, telling the students, States, Poswick met with Bac- street, students and other volun- cal disease, he had been a "You have set a tremendously chiocchi to ask his permission to teers helped convert the build- beggar outside the Adventist positive example for others to translate the book into French. ing into a full-fledged Commu- hospital and school for many follow." The monk felt that the book nity Services center. years. Grady showed videotapes of could help many French-speak- Another project began when Doing without meals and life in Haiti and the before and ing persons to understand better Jerry Gilkeson read an account practicing self-denial in many after pictures of Francois. He the history and theology of the in the ADVENTIST REVIEW ways, the students raised $1,- told the students that the ampu- Sabbath. about the work of ADRA 300 to bring Francois to the tated leg weighed 70 pounds (32 "Such a request made by a kilograms). The presentation Benedictine monk took me provided a fitting climax to a totally by surprise," says Bac- year of student outreach activi- chiocchi. "As you can imagine, ties. I gave Poswick not only my In addition to the students' permission but also my encour- community involvement, a agement to proceed immedi- dozen faculty and area men ately. I even offered to forfeit operate the academy fire depart- the right to any royalty." ment. Two trucks, one fitted for Without delay Poswick brush, grass, and grain fires, the assigned the translation to other for structural blazes, are Sebire. Furthermore, Poswick used to answer calls in a large arranged for the book to be area. Science teacher Don published by Dessain et Tolra in Wesslen, one of the fire fight- a series called Bible and Chris- ers, says their work "has tian Life. opened up friendships that "The profound impact that nothing else could." my book has made on Pos- These varied projects, linked wick," says Bacchiocchi, "is together by love and concern, evident in the preface that he are making a real impact on the himself wrote to the French territory around Upper Colum- edition. In the opening state- bia Academy. ment, he poses the rhetorical question 'Did Jesus of Nazareth Catholic monk abolish the Sabbath? Paul, who was charged with many trans- translates book gressions by his own people— was he ever accused of trans- about Sabbath gressing the Sabbath?' " It may be hard to imagine that Recognizing that neither a Catholic monk would be Jesus nor Paul pioneered the interested in translating from change from Sabbath to Sunday English into French a disserta- observance, Poswick hints at tion that defends the Biblical the true reasons for such a and historical validity of change by asking another Seventh-day Sabbathkeeping. apparently rhetorical question: Pine Tree Academy Bell Ringers Yet this is exactly what has "Have Christians ceased to happened. observe the Sabbath .. . perhaps tour Argentina The book From Sabbath to to distinguish themselves from The Pine Tree Academy (Maine) Bell Ringers, directed by music Sunday, by Samuele Bacchioc- the Jews and to favor the inte- teacher Doris Krueger, spent 19 days last summer touring and chi, professor of theology at gration of Christianity into the performing in Argentina. Andrews University, recently cycle and culture of the Con- The trip included 30 concerts, four television appearances was translated by a Benedictine stantinian empire?" (above), four radio interviews, two press conferences, television monk, Dominique Sebire. It Building upon this implied coverage of a live concert, plus visits to several schools. was released on October 3 by explanation, he asks a most Despite a heavy schedule, the group found time to visit such Dessain et Tolra, a Catholic daring question: "Is not a sin- historic places as Yapeyd (below), birthplace of Jose de San Martin, publisher in Paris, France, cere and truthful celebration of the liberator of Argentina and other South American countries. under the title Du Sabbat au the Sabbath for God preferable DOROTHY WATERS Dimanche. to a pharisaic observance of a

20 (1324) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 paganized Sunday?" He then SOUTH AFRICA mentions specifically the Review and Comment Seventh-day Adventist Church, Sabbath scholar By JAMES COFFIN "often considered 'marginal' among the large churches," as holds seminars, an example of those who draws 5,000 ■ Workers for the cause of the Bible in countries as far apart as observe the Sabbath. India, Australia, and Britain this year have been honoring the 200th In the closing paragraph of During a recent three-week anniversary of the birth of Mary Jones, a Welsh girl whose love for his preface, Poswick expresses tour of South Africa, Adventist Scripture provided the impetus for the founding of modem Bible the hope that Bacchiocchi's Sabbath scholar Samuele Bac- societies. The daughter of a poor weaver, Mary worked six years to study on the Sabbath "might chiocchi conducted four Sab- save what in today's currency would be about 25 cents so she could stimulate Biblical, patristic, and bath seminars—in Cape Town, have a Bible in her own Welsh language. With her money in hand, liturgical research, compelling Port Elizabeth, Durban, and she walked 28 miles (45 kilometers)—only to discover that the last each person to return to the Johannesburg—attended by a Bible had been sold. Moved by her determination, the minister gave sources and to better approach total of 5,000 people. Mary his own Bible, prompting a drive to make the Bible readily afresh a truth that the author Another 1,500 heard Dr. available throughout Wales. The watchword soon became "If for presents with the conviction of Bacchiocchi when he spoke Wales, why not the world!" And an unstoppable movement was someone who has found in the during church services at Hel- underway. celebration of the Sabbath a derberg College, Riverside, and spiritual enrichment that gives a East London. ■ The breakdown of society has become evident in the crime particular texture to his faith in During his visit Dr. Bac- reports carried in even small-town newspapers. The phenomenon the resurrection and return of chiocchi was interviewed and has been made even more apparent with the arrival of punk styles. Christ." featured two consecutive days Recently a local newspaper reported a robbery pulled off by two -It is difficult to foresee the on the popular nationwide radio men—one with purple hair with green stripes, the other with impact that the circulation of program Women's World. A bright-orange hair! this French edition will make on 25-minute television interview ■ The term equal time took on new connotations when the Council clergymen, scholars, and lay- on the change of the Sabbath for Democratic and Secular Humanism filed suit in the U.S. District 'persons," Bacchiocchi says. was recorded for future nation- Court for the District of Columbia, requesting that nontheists be However, Bacchiocchi suggests wide broadcast. granted opportunity to deliver opening remarks to Congress, as that it is possible that eventually Sponsored by the South Afri- chaplains of major denominations are allowed to do. "Those who the circulation of the book can Union Conference and do not believe in a deity have suffered, and continue to suffer, from might be stopped by higher organized by the Voice of discrimination and persecution," the suit said. Catholic authorities, who could Prophecy Bible Correspon- ■ find both the content of the book dence School, the visit was The U.S. Supreme Court has agreed to decide whether a and its endorsement by a Catho- geared to inform and inspire Nebraska woman who refused on religious grounds to be lic editor detrimental to their Seventh-day Adventists and the photographed—she sees it as a violation of the second command- church. "In fact," Bacchiocchi Christian and scholarly commu- ment—is entitled to a valid driver's license, which in Nebraska says, "the bookstore of the nities in general. Of the educa- carries the person's photograph. Pontifical Gregorian University tional institutions Dr. Bac- ■ The second commandment says that the sins of the fathers are was instructed about two years chiocchi visited, three were visited upon the children to the third and fourth generations, and it ago to stop selling From Sab- Adventist institutions, nine appears that the price for using marijuana may be paid that far down bath to Sunday, even though the were state universities, and one the line as well. In its November issue, Listen magazine reports on book was published by the same was a Roman Catholic semi- research done by Susan L. Dalterio, research assistant professor of university . nary. pharmacology at the University of Texas Health Science Center at "It is foreseeable," Bac- After Dr. Bacchiocchi's pre- San Antonio. In ten years of research on the effects of marijuana on chiocchi continues, "that a sim- sentation of the theological laboratory mice—mice who had a choice would leave it alone, of ilar action might be taken meaning of the Sabbath at the course—Dr. Dalterio discovered that male mice treated with against the French edition. If Catholic seminary to 40 cannabinoids had problems making female mice pregnant. Many of that should occur, one can only priests-in-training and their the young died either before or shortly after birth. Studying the hope that many persons will theological teachers, one pro- chromosomes of both fathers and sons, she found birth defects even have had the chance to secure a fessor commented, "I have to the third generation. The exact implications for humans are not copy of the book before its been deeply moved by your clear, but the tests should be a warning to anyone not yet convinced withdrawal from circulation. At presentation of the Sabbath." of the dangers of marijuana. any rate, I am most grateful to At each university the lec- ■ Religious News Service reports that a sailor who recently became God for the providential way in tures, dialogues, and discus- a Seventh-day Adventist has been fined twice by the Navy, which He made it possible not sions proved stimulating. Preju- demoted, and given extra duty because of his refusal to work on only for me to research and dice was broken down; Saturdays. According to the report, Seaman Apprentice James publish this study on the Sab- Adventism was seen in a new Sutton, 24, has filed a protest with the Navy and has sent a letter to bath at a Vatican university in light. Many of South Africa's President Reagan in an effort to resolve the issue. Rome but also for a Benedictine theological thought leaders for monk to translate it into French. the first time saw the seventh- ■ Following the phenomenal success of the Trivial Pursuit game It is marvelous that the Lord is day Sabbath as a symbol of (expected to net close to $1 billion in sales this year), a number of using even a monk to help salvation by grace instead of a similar games have hit the market, led by a game called Bible Seventh-day Adventists pro- badge of legalism or sectari- Trivia, produced by Cadaco Games in Chicago and sold in such claim more fully the message of anism. ERIC C. WEBSTER stores as Sears, Toys "R" Us, and K-Mart. While we are glad to see the Sabbath to the world Voice of Prophecy Director this great interest in the Bible, we have one question, which we feel today." South Africa is significant: Is there such a thing as Bible trivia?

ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1325) 21 NEWS NOTES from the world divisions

CORRESPONDENTS, looking Papeete that hardly that currently there are 11,000 Southern Union WORLD DIVISIONS—Africa-Indian Ocean, J. B. Kio; Australasian, could be surpassed anywhere in VOP students in the country, R. M. Kranz; Eastern ■ The Nashville (Tennessee) Africa, Ruby Patterson; Euro-Africa, Heinz the Pacific. representing all regions but two. Hopf; Far Eastern, G. Ray James; Inter- Region American Red Cross American, Fred Hernandez; Northern Euro- Last quarter, 21 VOP students pean, H. J. Smit; South American, Assad ■ Hawke's Bay, New Zealand, Blood Services last summer Bechara; Southern Asia, A. M. Peterson were baptized. pastor Harry Ballis has organ- contacted Ridgetop, Tennessee, CORRESPONDENTS, ■ NORTH AMERICA—UNIONS: Atlantic, ized a colloquium for New Members of Nyankono Community Services director Leon H. Davis; Canadian, P. F. Lemon; Zealand historians. Professors church in Kenya call their spiri- Mary Wentworth about having Columbia, Ron Graybill; Lake, Jere Wallack; Mid-America, Halle G. Crowson; North and lecturers from the country's tual home a "miracle church," a mobile unit come to Ridgetop. Pacific, Morten Juberg; Pacific, Shirley Burton; Southern, George Powell; South- leading universities came feeling that it was only through One of the classrooms of the western, Richard W. Bendall together at Napier to present the special blessing of the Lord Lela Whorton Elementary UNIVERSITIES: Andrews, Andrea Steele; papers on the role of the that the 106 members erected School was converted into a Loma Linda, Richard Weismeyer Adventist church in New Zea- the edifice within three years, at blood-collecting center super- land history. an estimated cost of some 330,- vised by the Red Cross workers 000 shillings (US$22,103). The and volunteers from the local ■ Australasian Some 700,000 copies of Hap- building was dedicated in July. Adventist church and at least ■ After a break of many years, a piness Digest (Steps to Christ) one other church in the commu- are being circulated in Australia ■ In the Nyanchwa district, church school is again in opera- nity. Thirty-one persons offered headquarters of the South tion in New Zealand's capital and New Zealand as part of the blood during the four-hour Kenya Conference, 245 people city, Wellington. 1984 Book of the Year project. period. The Red Cross was so were baptized during a recent pleased with the results that they ■ A sudden devaluation of the ■ Australasia sent the second Sabbath service. Included were have requested to use the facili- New Zealand dollar has posed largest group to the fifth World three students from Nyanchwa ties again next year. problems for literature evange- Rehabilitation Centre who, Congress of the International ■ Commission for the Prevention lists in New Zealand. The New though unable to walk unaided, Some 130 youngsters have of Alcoholism and Drug Depen- Zealand dollar has dropped to were determined to be baptized. joined Pathfinder clubs in the dency, held recently in Rio de 65 cents Australian (55 cents Florida Conference as a result of Janeiro, Brazil. Led by division US), pushing up the price of the new PFC (Pathfinders for temperance director Wynstan imported books to unpurchas- North American Christ) program. The program, Dowling, the delegation of 21 able levels. initiated at the Pathfinder con- persons included prominent ■ North Pacific Union vention at Camp Kulaqua, was One of the most exciting conceived of and is being Adventists and non-Adventists developments in the church's ■ Milford Terrell, a Boise, directed by conference layman interested in public health and publishing program in Australia Idaho, plumbing contractor, has temperance. Jack NeSmith, southwest area is the introduction of direct-mail begun his twenty-fourth year in Pathfinder coordinator. PFC is a selling. National magazines Pathfinder work. For the past ■ Public officials recently soul-winning one-to-one evan- now carry prominent display eight years he has been the head opened new extensions to the gelistic program designed to ads for Adventist subscription Pathfinder coordinator for the Penguin church school on the help young people share their books. Idaho Conference. During his northwest coast of Tasmania. love for Jesus. years of voluntary service he The additions include a science has seen the number of clubs in ■ President Ronald Reagan sent block, offices, and staff rooms. Eastern Africa the conference grow from six to a card of congratulations to Mr. ■ Of the 1,200 students attend- 20. and Mrs. Hobart Sullivan, ing the University of Papua ■ Three Sudanese were among members of the Ridgetop, Ten- ■ George and Lois Sharpe have New Guinea, nearly 17 percent, this year's ministerial graduates nessee, church, who were completed a year of operating a or 200, are Seventh-day from Ethiopian Adventist Col- nominated for the 1984 Presi- Genesis and Geology Museum Adventists. lege. Until such a time as they dent ' s Volunteer Action in West Yellowstone, Montana. can return to their homeland, Award. The Sullivans have ■ Sharpe left his post as Montana The New Papeete High they are serving in the Gambela given their time and talents each Book Center manager to begin School in Tahiti was opened region of Ethiopia. week at the Robertson County officially during the recent the self-supporting project. The Health Care Center in Spring- ■ French Polynesia Mission ses- At a service in Addis Ababa, museum features fossil displays field, Tennessee. sion. Funds for the building of Ethiopia, 104 students grad- from Horace Shaw, of Weston, this well-designed school were uated from the Voice of Proph- Oregon, and the late Ervil D. ■ Jim McAlvin, formerly largely made available by the ecy Bible Correspondence Clark, of Pacific Union Col- senior vice president at Madison Thirteenth Sabbath Special School, the highest number to lege. Another goal of the Hospital in Nashville, Tennes- Projects Offering for the first graduate at one time since the Sharpes was to establish a see, has become Florida Hospi- quarter of 1983. The two-story school was established some 30 church. Early this fall a group of tal's senior vice president over classroom block and the manual years ago. Moise Wolde 13 began meeting segularly in a psychiatry, clinical services, arts building have views over- Mariam, VOP director, reports rented church. engineering, and construction.

22 (1326) ADVENTIST REVIEW, DECEMBER 13, 1984 THE BACK PAGE

selected for use at the congress: magazine, Marylou Davies, the GuidelPathfinder original compositions by Wil- church's Bible worker, began AID establishes prepare liam Costa, Jr., Enio Monteiro. studying with them. On April target dates for and Hugo Vergarn from the 14 of this year they were bap- special issue South American Division; and tized. self-sufficiency Pathfinder magazine, the Eradio Alonzo, from the North Two months later, on June 9, The Africa-Indian Ocean official Pathfinder journal for American Division. Siobhan Rafferty, who also had Division took an action at its North America, is making a JOHN H. HANCOCK requested the Bible reading midyear committee in Abidjan, division-wide premiere in the guides, was baptized and joined Ivory Coast, that is of signifi- December 12 issue of Guide. the Spokane Valley church. cance locally and to the world These two youth periodicals, Oakwood receives Because of her influence, her church. both published at the Review grant to combat twin brother began to study and The action reads: "VOTED, and Herald, are teaming up to was baptized on November 17. that every local field and union give Pathfinder maximum child abuse As of November 17, $682,- attempt by God's power to exposure within its target age Oakwood College's 946.98 was turned in across the increase their percentage of group. The GuidelPathfinder Extended Education Center North American Division, self-support by 10 percent each special will be sent to all Guide recently was awarded a $117,- bringing this year's total to date year, keeping in mind the fol- subscribers. 600 grant from the Department to $2,922,686.67. lowing division objectives: by Pathfinder magazine was of Health and Human Services' M. T. BASCOM 1990, 70 percent average of developed in response to National Center on Child Abuse self-support for local fields and requests from Pathfinder leaders to operate a demonstration pro- For the record unions; by 1995, 100 percent of across the division who wanted gram to help prevent child abuse self-support for local fields and such a journal to meet their and neglect. To new positions: Shirley unions." members' needs. It was to Project director Lillian Red- Burton, Pacific Union Confer- The meeting, chaired by divi- reflect the enthusiasm of the cross says the Oakwood pro- ence communication director, sion president R. J. Klooster- Pathfinder experience and, in gram, unlike that of many to be an associate director of the huis, was preceded by a two- particular, the excitement of the agencies, will not wait until General Conference Communi- day stewardship council led by 1985 North American Division abuse occurs. With the aid of cation Department, with re- division assistant secretary Ted Camporee. One of the maga- approximately 200 volunteers, sponsibility for preparing news N. C. Wilson, assisted by Paul zine's departments, Spotlight, the Oakwood center will pro- and feature articles for both G. Smith of the General Confer- focuses on preparations for this vide guidance and counseling SDA and secular media. ❑ ence. historic event. MARK FORD for about 150 young mothers— Aileen Andres Sox, assistant Similar actions are under very young mothers between 12 editor of the ADVENTIST RE- study in other divisions, along Theme song and 18. VIEW, to be editor for resource with specific plans to reach the According to Mrs. Redcross, development at the Adventist objectives. chosen for the volunteers will serve as Development and Relief In view of such efforts "parent aides" and will provide Agency . throughout the world, the ques- youth congress parenting advice and direct the New churches opened in tion may arise in many minds, The General Conference young mothers to appropriate Poland: Adventists in Poland Do we need to continue to Youth Department and the Pan governmental agencies if they recently dedicated new support Sabbath school and American Youth Congress need special aid or services. The churches in four cities—Siedlce other World Budget offerings? music committee have selected program will be implemented in (East Polish Conference), The answer is Yes, as never a theme song for the congress January, 1985, and will end in AndrychOw and Kalwaria before. As local churches, from more than 140 entries March, 1986. DALE A. PENN Zebrzydowska (South Polish fields (conferences), and unions received from the three Ameri- Conference), and Przemygl become self-supporting, our can divisions. (near the Russian border; this financial assistance will be used The first-place entry, "Sow NAD Ingathering church was built largely from to enter new areas with the the World With Jesus' Love," funds donated by a Polish- gospel, placing us on the verge was written by A. Clegg Rees, Report-2 Canadian Adventist). The Kal- of what can become the greatest from the North American Divi- Denise and Brady Barbre, waria church is of special note spiritual thrust in our history. sion. Danel Pabon, a member of members of the Spokane Valley because the town is the site of On World Stewardship Day the music committee, translated Seventh-day Adventist church Catholic pilgrimages. Pope (Sabbath, December 15) and the English version into Span- in Spokane, Washington, first John Paul II, who was born in every day we need to remember ish, "Sembrad Amor en el encountered Adventists during nearby Wadowice, often visited that only through continued Mundo." Translations also are the 1983 Ingathering campaign. the monastery there. The support of missions at home and being made into Portuguese and When they responded to the Adventist church is the only throughout the world can the French. Bible reading guides offer non-Catholic church in Kal- commission of Jesus be ful- Four additional entries were tucked into the Ingathering waria. filled. PAUL G. SMITH

ADVENTIST REVIEW. DECEMBER 13, 1984 (1327) 23

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l\feth from the Review and Herald Publishing Association