NOVEMBER 22, 1973
RevfrADVENT REVIEW AND SABBATH HERALD + GENERAL CHURCH PAPER OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS
Psalm 92:1
Editor's Viewpoint "America's New Religion"
On page 7 of this REVIEW appears an article entitled avidly introduce our young to the saving knowledge of adult "Sports: A New Idol." The article is reprinted by permis- life: brutality, aggressive competition, profit-greed, male sion from Eternity magazine (September, 1973). We selected chauvinism, and the discipline of dull conformity to the it as typical of numerous articles that have appeared in re- status quo." He described football as a wedding of violence ligious journals recently, expressing concern about the place and lucre and called it brutality-for-gain. He said that the and influence of professional sports in the life of America. game reduces people to commodities by the fact that the (And this concern is not confined to the United States. Many players are bought and sold like chattel in keeping with countries of the world, on all continents, are plagued with their gladiatorial prowess, and that 'sheer brutality is the an obsessive interest in sports.) essence of football.' He declared that the purpose of big- In this editorial we shall offer a brief survey of current time football is not merely to tyrannize the opposing team opinion on sports as a religion, then add a few comments by brute force, but to inflict as much injury as possible. With from an Adventist perspective. other writers Mr. Bianchi labeled football 'the nation's civil On April 5, 1972, the Christian Century devoted an entire religion.' " issue to the sports question. The guest editorial in that issue Admittedly, these views are harsh. But they are widely selected professional football as typical of organized sports, shared. Books that express similar thoughts include: Sport: then promptly labeled it "America's New Religion." In com- a Philosophical Inquiry, by the distinguished Yale scholar, paring pro football with religion, the editorial pointed out Paul Weiss; Lombardi: Winning Is the Only Thing, by Jerry that just as religion has monasteries, so football has its se- Kramer; The Athletic Revolution, by Jack Scott; and Out cluded areas where training takes place; as religion has of Their League, by David Meggysey. novices, so football has rookies; as religion has veterans, known as ordained clergy, so football has veterans. Questions Should Be Asked Football coaches correspond to the religious hierarchy; An editorial in Christianity Today (August 11, 1972) both demand total commitment from their converts, includ- pointed out that Americans spend more than $100 billion ing abstinence from alcoholic drinks. Professional football annually on leisure. Not all of this goes for sports—either has its uniforms, as do some religions, and it has a weekly personal or professional—but a great deal of it does. Said ritual of emotional and violent confrontation with opposing the editorial: "Sports and recreation of all kinds . . . raise teams, which in religion corresponds to the continual war- particular questions for the Christian, who has stewardship fare against sin. obligations. Can we find Biblical guidelines to justify our And then, said the editorial, "There are hundreds of thou- vast leisure-time outlay? Why have we so long avoided the sands of devout followers who witness and participate in scrutiny the new pattern demands in view of the acute physi- these rituals by invoking traditional and hallowed chants. cal and spiritual needs in so many parts of the world? Un- It is not unusual for these pilgrims to travel hundreds of derdeveloped countries must wonder how a supposedly miles to witness a game, sometimes braving the bitter cold Christian nation can put so much money into play. Surely with the zeal and ardor of ancient martyrs.... such a staggering sum demands more open debate." "More important than the external trappings is the philos- The editorial continued: "How does sport measure up to ophy (dare I say `theology'?) of pro football. Instead of salva- God's requirements? How can it affect our relationship tion and redemption, the goal is now collective victory: for with Him? It is easy enough to make a case for sport from a Vince Lombardi has taught us all that 'winning isn't every- human perspective, but to do so in terms of divine demands thing: it's the only thing.' George Allen, coach of the Wash- is something else."— Ibid. ington Redskins, has even enunciated the new religion's eschatology: 'The future is now.'" Indeed. Where, for example, is there even a hint in the Harry Edwards, writing in Intellectual Digest, expressed Bible that God approves of sports? "Evangelicals who love virtually identical views. He stated: "American sport has all sports like to appeal to the numerous allusions to athletics the trappings of formal religion—temples, saints, ritual, true in the New Testament. [But] close examination reveals that believers." "Sport manifests every characteristic of a formal, none of these bestows any kind of divine blessing upon thriving religious movement. It has its gods (superstar ath- sport. Paul very likely used references to runners and games letes), its saints (those high-status sports figures who have because they aided communication with Greeks. In his ad- passed to the great beyond—Lombardi, Rockne, Gipp, dress on Mars Hill he used the Athenians' altar to the un- Thorpe), its scribes (the hundreds of sports reporters and known god in a similar way. sportscasters whose object is to disseminate the 'word' of "Sport was not part of the Hebrew tradition. It was even- sports deeds and glories), its houses of worship (the Astro- tually introduced as part of the influence from the Greek dome and other facilities that rival anything ever con- lower classes. Roman leaders used sports to pacify people structed to house traditional worship services). And sport and keep them in line."—Ibid. has one other feature that traditional religion has long since We think there is a difference between games played for lost in American society—massive throngs of highly vocal, exercise or innocent fun, and commercialized sports. Hu- maniacal 'true believers' in the creeds and values relating man beings need to use their muscles (if their work is sed- to sport and its contribution to the maintenance of the entary), and they need to use their minds (if their work is 'American way of life.' " physical). Balance is important. Families may benefit by Writing in Christianity and Crisis, Eugene Bianchi charged playing games together. Church groups or institutional that by watching football Americans contribute to their own groups may be blessed by playing together. People cannot dehumanization and reinforce in themselves the worst always be reined up emotionally or intellectually without values of our culture. He said that through pro football "we suffering adverse effects. To page 9
2 R&H, NOVEMBER 22, 1973 understatement to say it was a long and bit- year. For a while after World War I it was ter winter. celebrated on the same day as Armistice But by March there were houses, a wide Day—it was called Remembrance Day. Review street, four small cannon in a small fort, and Finally, in 1957, the second Monday in Oc- because of death during the winter, there tober was settled on, and by annual procla- were only half of them still surviving. In mation that is Thanksgiving Day. April the Mayflower sailed away. Thanksgiving had never received the Friendly Indians helped with the planting, attention in Canada that it did in the United F and during the summer the pilgrims ten- States until about that time. Schools re- derly and anxiously watched over their mained open and business continued pretty Advent Review & Sabbath Herald crops, for well they knew that their winter much as usual. However, in recent years it 123d Year of Continuous Publication survival depended on their fall harvest. has become a national holiday. Families
Editor: When October came there was a bountiful travel great distances to be home, the tradi- KENNETH H. WOOD harvest, and Governor William Bradford de- tional Thanksgiving dinner as known in U.S. Associate Editors: clared a three-day festival to which the In- homes has become an accepted part of the DON F. NEUFELD, HERBERT E. DOUGLASS dians were invited. celebration, and churchgoers are reminded Editorial and Administrative Secretary: Some consider this to be the first Thanks- to be thankful. CORINNE WILKINSON giving, and no doubt the participants were Our cover this week coincides with the offi- Editorial Secretaries: truly thankful people. However, according to ROSEMARY BRADLEY, JOCELYN FAY, cial celebration of Thanksgiving Day in the IDAMAE MELENDY one writer, "There is no record of any spe- United States. But should not the Christian's cial religious service during this week of spirit of gratitude permeate the whole of his Layout Artist, G. W. BUSCH feasting." Some would consider the thanks- life? Why should he wait for a dramatic es- Editors, Monthly Editions: giving services of 1623 to be the real fore- cape from accident, a crippling illness in RAY D. VINE, English FERNANDO CHAI), Spanish—North America runner of our present tradition involving re- some other family, or the customarily loaded GASTON CLOUZET, Spanish—South America ligious services, as well as festal dining. table on November 22? The psalmist said, C. R. TAYLOR, Spanish—Inter-America The crops of the 1621 harvest were indeed "It is a good thing to give thanks unto the Consulting Editors: good, but soon another ship arrived with Lord." And it is. ROBERT H. PIERSON, W. R. BEACH, THEODORE CARCICH, W. I. HACKETT, nothing 'except passengers. And when the In our November 8 issue (p. 21) we reported C. D. HENRI, M. S. NIGRI, NEAL C. WILSON ship left Plymouth it took with it a glowing the official opening of the SDA camp in Al- Special Contributors: report of the new colony and its bounty. So berta, Canada. This camp has facilities for C. 0. FRANZ, K. H. EMMERSON, R. R. FIGUHR, FREDERICK LEE, M. E. LIND, R. R. FRAME, P. H. with the arrival of summer came the arrival large gatherings, including camp meetings, ELDRIDGE, B. L. ARCHBOLD, W. DUNCAN EVA, of two more ships, again carrying nothing which, it is planned, will be henceforth held R. A. WILCOX, R. S. LOWRY, M. L. MILLS, C. L. POWERS but passengers. No provisions. And tragi- there instead of at Canadian Union College, where they have been held for many years. Corresponding Editors, World Divisions: cally, some of the people who arrived did Afro-Mideast, R. W. TAYLOR; Australasian, not build on the foundation of friendly rela- This past summer was the first time the ROBERT H. PARR; Euro-Africa, E. E. WHITE, facilities were used for this purpose. The at- associate E. KOEHLER; Far Eastern, D. A. ROTH; tions with the Indians. The situation became Inter-American, MARCEL ABEL; Northern such that the settlers felt they could not ask tendance was excellent for the nine-day ses- Europe-West Africa, PAUL SUNDQUIST; South sion, July 6-14 (incorrectly given in our re- American, H. J, PEVERINI; Southern Asia, for more land from the Indians. The harvest A. J. JOHANSON; Trans-Africa, that fall was skimpy, and the pilgrims had port as July 6-8). DESMOND B. HILLS neither the bounty nor the inclination to Our report failed to mention the site of the Circulation Manager: camp. It is about 12 miles west of Bowden, a EDMUND M. PETERSON celebrate. Field Representative: Their bleak winter proved that their fru- town 60 miles north of Calgary on No. 2 high- JOEL HASS gality of celebration had not been in vain. way. The beautiful campsite is on the banks of the Little Red Deer River, SUBSCRIPTIONS: United States and Canada, When spring warmed the earth that year $9.95. For each subscription ordered in the United they were all more inclined toward grati- Photo Credits: p. 7, A. Devaney, Inc.; pp. 16-20, J. States or Canada to go to foreign countries, add Byron Logan. $2,00 postage. Address all correspondence tude, and by April the planting had been concerning subscriptions to the Manager, done. But the hopes of abundance vanished Periodical Department. by late May when a drought struck and TO CONTRIBUTORS: Send news stories and pictures, articles, and letters to the editor. lasted into July. Finally, in desperation, a Letters Unsolicited manuscripts are welcome but will be day of fasting and prayer was announced. accepted without remuneration and will be returned only if accompanied by a stamped, For hours the settlers prayed. A Letter From Home self-addressed envelope. In the morning the welcome sound of rain We treasure the REVIEW as a letter from A monthly edition of the Review is printed by the rekindled hope as it revived what plants Stanborough Press, Ltd., Alma Park, Grantham, home, and are sure it contributes much to Lincs., England. A monthly edition also is printed were still alive. Shortly after this Captain the unity of our SDA Church everywhere. in Spanish and a quarterly edition in Braille. For Miles Standish returned from a short voyage information write to the Manager, Periodical FRANK E. MECKLING Department. with food and news. He had sighted a vessel College Place, Washington An index is published in the last Review of that he was quite sure would be landing. June and December. The Review is indexed also So with that good news the colonists de- in the Seventh-day Adventist Periodical Index. Kindergarten or Home + clared July 30 as a day of public prayer and The Advent Review and Sabbath Herald is thanksgiving. It is this particular celebra- Re "Kindergarten and Adventist Educa- published every Thursday by the Review and Herald Publishing Association, 6856 Eastern tion of prayer in a declared civil setting that tion: a Dialogue" [Sept. 20]: Avenue NW., Washington, D.C. 20012, U.S.A. probably is the root of the present Thanks- Having been a church school teacher for Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C. Copyright © 1973, by the Review and Herald giving Day in the United States. It was both three years before "retiring" at 25 years of Publishing Association. a religious and social celebration, and it age to become a mother, I feel strongly on was the "first time in the history of America the point of waiting till a child is at least that the Governor appointed a day for eight to start school. I also feel strongly that thanksgiving. All former observances of spe- a lot of us have misunderstood what Mrs. cial days had been appointed by the church." White's basic ideas involved. —ROBERT H. SCHAUFFLER (ed.), Thanksgiving, On page 79 in Counsels to Parents, Teach- This Week p. 6. ers, and Students she says: "Parents should And what about the neighbors to the north be the only teachers of their children until Those who have spent a winter in Massa- —the Canadians? Their celebration of they have reached eight or ten years of age." chusetts can appreciate the warmth of a Thanksgiving dates back possibly even to Agreement—a mother should keep her child home, an abundant supply of food in the 1609, when the first settlers arrived to form home, and with the help of such courses as cupboard, and the security of warm fabrics the Hudson Bay Colony. Their celebration, provided by the Home Study Institute and a when they do venture out into the white and however, has been more sporadic than that couple of hours a day (versus all day in the frosty world. When the pilgrims of 1620 of the United States. classroom) teach her child to read, write, landed at Plymouth Rock on December 21 The first actual national Thanksgiving and some mathematics. This is great! there was a wintry blast—nothing more. In Day was proclaimed for November 6, 1879. Yet the idea seems to be that at age eight view of the intensity of the situation, it is an From then on the date varied from year to Continued on page 10