RWANDA, 2014 BIBLIOGRAPHIE

François Lagarde

The University of Texas at Austin

10 février 2015

TABLE DES MATIÈRES

Introduction 4

1 Recherche 6 1.1 Bibliographie 6 1.2 Méthodes 6 1.3 Thèses de doctorat; mémoires de maîtrise 7

2. Histoire; Témoignage 12 2.1 Histoire 12 2.2 1990-1994; génocide 13 2.3 France/Rwanda 17 2.4 Témoignages; mémoires 18 2.5 Témoignages: critique 19

3. Politique 21 3.1 Politique 21 3.2 Ethnicité 24 3.3 Mémoire 25 3.4 Réconciliation 26

4. Économie 28 4.1 Démographie 28 4.2 Questions foncières 28 4.3 Ressources naturelles 29 4.4 Agriculture; floriculture; sylviculture; élevage 31 4.5 Caféiculture 34 4.6 Economie; finance 35 4.7 Tourisme 38

5. Société 39 5.1 Société 39 5.2 Femmes; genre 40 5.3 Enfants; adolescents 41 5.4 Éducation 42 5.5 Langues 44

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5.6 Médias 44 5.7 Églises; religion 45

6. Santé Publique 46 6.1 Administration; économie 46 6.2 Enseignement 49 6.3 VIH/HIV 50 6.4 Médecine: spécialités 52 6.5 Santé mentale 56

7. Relations Régionales et Internationales 59 7.1 Réfugiés; émigrés 59 7.2 East African Community (EAC) 60 7.3 Relations régionales 60 7.4 Relations internationales; aide 62 7.5 Nations Unies 63

8. Droit 64 8.1 Rwanda: Justice; Gacaca 64 8.2 Droit international; TPIR/ICTR 66 8.3 Gender-based violence; droit du viol 68

9. Arts et Lettres 70 9.1 Roman; conte; théâtre; poésie 70 9.2 Littérature juvénile 71 9.3 Critique littéraire 71 9.4 Film 72 9.5 Critique cinématographique 72 9.6 Beaux arts; photographie; bande dessinée 72 9.7 Architecture 73

10. Sciences naturelles 74 10.1 Sciences de la terre; sciences de la vie 74 10.2 Primatologie 75

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Introduction

Comme les précédentes1, cette bibliographie recense les articles et les livres portant en tout ou en partie sur le Rwanda et publiés en 2014. La table des matières reprend celle de Rwanda 2013 mais est aussi en partie modifiée. Les dix chapitres restent les mêmes, mais des sections nouvelles apparaissent: France-Rwanda, EAC, Ressources naturelles… Sont regroupés les thèses de doctorat (et quelques mémoires de maîtrise), les travaux d’histoire et les témoignages, les études portant sur la vie politique, l’économie (dont agriculture), la société (dont éducation), les relations régionales et internationales, la santé publique, le droit ainsi que les arts et les lettres. Les sous-sections Société et Politique peuvent paraître être des fourre-tout… La longue section sur la Santé publique (on s’est efforcé de distinguer entre institutions et sciences médicales) et celle sur les Sciences naturelles sont d’un amateur… Il est impossible d’établir aujourd’hui une bibliographie complète et sans erreur sur un sujet aussi large que celui du Rwanda, même en se limitant à une année. La publication d’un même article s’étage aujourd’hui dans le temps: il naît le plus souvent sous une forme virtuelle (Internet), avant de passer en quelques mois, parfois en se transformant, à l’édition papier. De plus, on publie sur le Rwanda dans de nombreuses langues, même si l’écrasante majorité des publications est anglophone, et aucune bibliographie ne saurait recenser tous les écrits publiés en kinyarwanda, et aussi bien en japonais, en allemand, en néerlandais, en polonais, ou en russe… Les principaux outils de recherche bibliographique et de data mining sont anglophones et le résultat est criant: plus des trois quarts des entrées de cette bibliographie sont en anglais. Les instruments francophones (Cairn, Persée, Erudit, Calenda, Isidore, Revues.org) sont de faible puissance par rapport aux nombreuses bases de données américaines. Un autre problème tient à la séparation traditionnelle qu’on établit toujours entre les publications dites scientifiques et les articles de journaux. La présente bibliographie ne recense pas les articles sur le Rwanda parus dans les grands quotidiens, du Monde ou de La Libre Belgique au New York Times et au Globe and Mail… C’est un problème, car on peut apprendre beaucoup dans les articles de fond des grands journaux mais ils sont trop nombreux pour être tous listés. Pour ne citer que quelques sujets, les publications recensées ici ne parlent pratiquement jamais de la police, des grands procès, des PME, des transports, des loisirs, des sports, du divorces ou des enterrements au Rwanda en 2014, alors que les quotidiens et les hebdomadaires le font. Sans doute est-ce le concept même de bibliographie “savante” qui est tout entier à revoir. Les publications scientifiques étudient les sujets “classiques” rwandais: la femme rwandaise (et les violences qui pèsent sur elle), la santé publique, l’éducation, le plurilinguisme, le développement économique, le TPIR et les gacaca, le traumatisme du génocide et la réconciliation, l’agriculture et la question foncière, la question dite ethnique…

1 Cf. Rwanda: Bibliographie 1990-2011; Rwanda: Bibliographie 2012; Rwanda: Bibliographie 2013, Université Paris 1, Institute of Economic and Social Development Studies, Programme Grands Lacs. https://www.univ- paris1.fr/ufr/iedes/recherche-et-valorisation/programmes-grands-lacs/rwanda-bibliographies-par-francois- lagarde-the-university-of-texas-at-austin-usa/ 4

L’abondance des articles portant sur les questions de santé, physique ou mentale, est exemplaire d’un esprit de la recherche ès Rwanda: dans tous les domaines, des problèmes sont identifiés et des solutions sont avancées. Il s’agit toujours pour les Rwandais de progresser vers plus de développement économique, politique ou humain. Les auteurs se penchent sur le génocide et l’après-génocide (les traumatismes durent encore) mais pratiquement pas sur l’histoire qui précède 1990, comme si la grande recherche historique et sociologique à laquelle Vansina, Newbury (2), Vidal, Des Forges, Reyntjens, Lemarchand, De Lame et consorts nous avaient habitués se taisait aujourd’hui devant le chorus des idéologues et des polémistes qui occupent tout le terrain médiatique. L’occasion du vingtième “anniversaire” du génocide a fait monter au front les pourfendeurs patentés de la France-du-génocide et autres défenseurs de Son Excellence, et en moindre nombre les opposants au régime de Kigali, tout cela aux dépens assez nets des travaux universitaires, sauf exception. Il est toujours difficile aujourd’hui de parler du Rwanda historique ou politique sans a priori ou sans parti pris. L’affirmationnisme et l’accusationnisme ont plus produit, en 2014, que la recherche savante (une seule thèse de doctorat en France, sauf erreur). Nous espérons nous tromper, et nous sommes loin d’avoir pu tout lire, mais il se pourrait que, paradoxalement, l’année du vingtième anniversaire ne soit pas un grand cru en matière de travaux scientifiques. Les principes bibliographiques suivis restent ceux des éditions précédentes: nous ne listons pas les rééditions ou les versions Kindle; nous mentionnons les DOI uniquement si la publication est restée virtuelle et n’est pas paginée. Nous nous limitons aux publications francophones et anglophones, à de rares exceptions près, faute de parler d’autres langues. Nous incluons les publications internet de qualité douteuse, parce que de bons travaux doivent malgré tout se retrouver parmi elles. On ne résiste pas à l’envie de citer cette couverture qui montre que certains “éditeurs” ne se soucient guère de publier correctement les travaux qu’ils commercialisent au prix fort:

Les omissions et les erreurs dans l’identification des entrées et dans leur classement ne manqueront malheureusement pas; on est invité à les signaler à l’adresse suivante: [email protected] Nous espérons que cette compilation, qui demande beaucoup plus que de copier-coller des citations dans les bases de donnée, ne sera pas inutile. 5

1 Recherche

1.1 Bibliographie Africa Bibliography, 2013, November 2014, pp. xviii-xix; doi: 10.1017/ S0266673114000026 Barringer, T. A., “Bibliography”, African Affairs, 113-451, 2014, pp. 334-346. Barringer, T. A., “Bibliography”, African Affairs, 113-452, 2014, pp. 481-484. Barringer, T. A., “Bibliography”, African Affairs, 113-453, 2014, pp. 626-629. Barringer, T. A., “A select list of articles on Africa appearing in non–Africanist (April- June 2014)”, African Affairs, 113-450, 2014, pp. 159-171. Barringer, T. A., “A select list of articles on Africa appearing in non–Africanist periodicals (October-December 2013)”, African Affairs, 113-451, 2014, pp. 334-346. Barringer, T. A., “A select list of articles on Africa appearing In non Africanist periodicals (January-March 2014)”, African Affairs 113-452, 2014, pp. 485-495. Barringer, T. A., A select list of articles on Africa appearing in non–Africanist periodicals (July-September 2013)”, African Affairs, 113-453, 2014, pp. 630-639. Hall, David (ed), International African Bibliography: East Africa, 44-1/2 (june 2014), pp. 1-102; 44-3/4 (december 2014), pp. 103-327. Lagarde, François, Rwanda, 2013: Bibliographie, The University of Texas at Austin, 2014, 72 p. https://www.univ-paris1.fr/fileadmin/IEDES/Actualites/Rwanda_2013_Bbibliographie_Sat_Jan_18.pdf

1.2 Méthodes Finnström, Sverker, “Disillusion, Embodiment and Violent Reconciliations: Engaged Anthropology on Rwanda, El Salvador, and Peru”, PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 37-2, 2014, pp. 371-375. Giblin, John Daniel, “Toward a politicised interpretation ethic in African archaeology”, Azania: Archaeological Research in Africa, 49-2, pp. 148-165. Kubai, Anne, “Conducting fieldwork in Rwanda: Listening to silence and processing experiences of genocide”, in Maček, Ivana (ed), Engaging violence: trauma, memory and representation, Hove, UK; New York: Routledge, 2014, pp. 111-126. Mottier, Damien, “ L’œuvre en double de Luc de Heusch ”, Gradhiva, 20, 2014, pp. 218- 240. Sundberg, Molly, “Ethnographic challenges encountered in Rwanda's social topography: The researcher as navigator”, in Lavigne-Delville, Philippe (ed), Fieldwork in Development and Emergency Settings: Confluence and Renewed Reflexivity,

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Montpellier: APAD Editions, 2014, pp. 71-86 Vidal, Claudine, “Enquêtes au Rwanda: Questions de recherche sur le génocide tutsi”, Agone, 53, 2014, pp. 103-142. Walton, Rebecca; Zraly, Maggie; Mugengana, Jean-Pierre, “Values and Validity: Navigating Messiness in a Community-Based Research Project in Rwanda”, Technical Communication Quarterly, 24-1, 2014, pp. 45-69.

1.3 Thèses de doctorat; mémoires de maîtrise Ahmad, Mohammed, From blueprint to genocide, University of Exeter, 2014, Doctorat Ahluwalia, Kyle, Projecting Presence: Creating an "Effet de Présence" for Virtual Characters, Université d'Ottawa, 2014, Maîtrise Allwine, Melanie, Meeting the Millennium Development Goals: Improving Evaluation of Service Delivery and Understanding Caveats in Poverty Benchmarking, The George Washington University, 2014, Doctorat Anderson Bliss, Jennifer, Picturing the unspeakable: Trauma, memory, and visuality in contemporary comics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2014, Doctorat Appelbaum, Jenna, Lost in Transition: Gender Justice, Dignity, and Liminality in the New Rwanda, New York University, 2014, Doctorat Arnold, Jobb, Inside and Outside Peace and Prosperity: Post-Conflict Cultural Spaces in Rwanda and Northern Ireland, Queen's University, 2014, Doctorat Barengayabo, Alice, De l'anéantissement à la reconstruction de nouveaux repères: le rétablissement du traumatisme chez les demandeurs du statut de réfugié rwandais au Canada, Université d'Ottawa, 2014, Maîtrise Baxter, Aryn, The Burden of Privilege: Navigating Transnational Space and Migration Dilemmas among Rwandan Scholarship Students in the U.S., The University of Minnesota, 2014, Doctorat Beyene, Helina Asmelash, Gender-Based Violence and Submerged Histories: A Colonial Genealogy of Violence against Tutsi Women in the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, The University of California, Los Angeles, 2014, Doctorat Bjorkegren, Daniel, Essays in Development Economics, Harvard University, 2014, Doctorat Brown, Heidi, “What I cannot say”: Testifying of trauma through translation, Ohio State University, 2014, Doctorat Bucagu, Maurice, Transmission mère-enfant du VIH-1: incidence & facteurs de risque socio-économiques, cliniques et biologiques au centre de santé de Muhima (Kigali/ Rwanda), Université Libre de Bruxelles, 2014, Doctorat Cochran, Terry, La représentation de la tragédie humaine dans la littérature des génocides du XXe siècle: les enjeux de la mise en récit d’une expérience catastrophique, Université de Montréal, 2014, Doctorat Costillo, Jennifer, Child abuse in Rwanda: a qualitative study examining types, prevalence, and community based solutions, Azusa Pacific University, 2014, Doctorat

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Crawford, Kerry, Punctuated Silence: The International Response to Wartime Sexual Violence, The George Washington University, 2014, Doctorat Dakuyo, Aboubacar, Justice transitionnelle et responsabilités pour crimes de génocide: complémentarité ou contradiction?, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2014, Maîtrise Dehling, Jonas, Taxonomy, systematics, and ecology of selected amphibian taxa from Rwanda, Universität Koblenz-Landau, 2014, Doctorat Dooley, Andrea, It Seemed the Earth Could Not Hold Them: Public Memorials, Implicated Geographies and the Remaking of the Rwandan Citizen, The University of California at Davis, 2014, Doctorat Duggan, Aaron Robert, A fictive reality: The social construction of mythologies and the mythologizing of social interactions, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2014, Doctorat Emitslöf, Emma, ‘The way we are speechless doesn’t mean our heads are empty’: An analysis of Rwandan hip-hop and its ambivalences as a youth cultural expression tool in Kigali, Uppsala University, 2014, Maîtrise Esmail, Laura, The Politics of Canada's Access to Medicines Regime: the Dogs that Didn't Bark, University of Toronto, 2014, Doctorat Fox, Nicole, ‘It is here that I remember my beloved’: Memorials and Commemorations in Post-Genocide Rwanda, Brandeis University, 2014, Doctorat Gilbert, Catherine, Writing trauma: the voice of the witness in Rwandan women's testimonial literature, The University of Nottingham, 2014, Doctorat Guerzoni, Giovanna, Building Peace and/or Gender Equality. Changing Attitudes around Peace, Development and Security in International Cooperation in Rwanda, Università di Bologna, 2014, Doctorat Habimana, Prosper, The development of business services and regional development: A comparative study of the regions of the North and the South: Case of the region of Capitale-Nationale in Quebec and the City of Kigali, Université du Québec, 2014, Doctorat Hakorimana, C., Role of environmental impact assessment in decision making for hydropower projects in Rwanda: case study of Rugezi and Mukungwa II hydropower projects, UNESCO-IHE, 2014, Maîtrise Haumschild, Daniel, The pitfalls of national reconstruction: History, pedagogy, and politics in Rwanda's post-genocide educational institution, State University of New York at Buffalo, 2014, Doctorat Herman, Ido, Building livelihoods, one cow at a time: lessons from the Girinka program in Rwanda, Cornell University, 2014, Maîtrise Horovitz, Sigall, International justice and national reconciliation after atrocity: the case of Rwanda, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2014, Doctorat Isaacs, Krista Brenna, Rediscovering the value of crop diversity in Rwanda: Participatory variety selection and genotype by cropping system interactions in bean and maize systems, Michigan State University, 2014, Doctorat Jones, Will, Murder and create: state reconstruction in Rwanda since 1994, University of Oxford, 2014, Doctorat

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Kamagaju, Léocadie, Problématique de la dépigmentation cutanée au Rwanda: modulateurs de la tyrosinase extraits de plantes utilisées en médecine traditionnelle, Université Libre de Belgique, 2014, Doctorat Kapalata Kwibe, Bruno Wakana, Pratiques évaluatives des enseignants rwandais du secondaire, Université Laval, 2014, Doctorat Kayisire, Pascal, Single equation models for inflation forecasting in Rwanda, The University of the Witwatersrand, 2014, Maîtrise Kelleher, Christian, A consideration of development journalism in the context of Rwandan newspapers, The University of Texas at Austin, 2014, Maîtrise Kone, Gninlnanwognan, La problématique du désarmement et de la sécurité régionale au Congo oriental: processus, enjeux, contraintes, perspectives et résultats, Université Jean Moulin-Lyon III, 2014, Doctorat LaRow, Julie, Crossing Borders with PTSD and DESNOS: The Internationalization of Trauma, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2014, Doctorat Medland, Louise, Developing standards for household latrines in Rwanda, Loughborough University, 2014, Doctorat Munanura, Ian Edward, The household poverty dimensions influencing forest dependence in protected area neighboring communities in Africa and the mitigation potential of tourism: The case of Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda, Clemson University, 2014, Doctorat Manzi Biranga, J-C., Water resources development study in the Muvumba catchment, Rwanda, UNESCO-IHE, 2014, Maîtrise McCoy, Jason, Mbwirabumva ('I speak to those who understand'): Three songs by Simon Bikindi and the war and genocide in Rwanda, The Florida State University, 2014, Doctorat McMillon, Kevin, Representation of children and the 'other' in Black Hawk Down (2001) and Hotel Rwanda (2004), The University of Colorado at Boulder, 2014, Maîtrise Minami, Masahiro, Development and field testing of action-based psychosocial reconciliation approach in post-genocide Rwanda, The University of British Columbia, 2014, Doctorat Morisho, Nene, A new institutional economics approach to smuggling: a case study of Goma-Gisenyi border, The University of Bayreuth, 2014, Doctorat Morris, Christopher, Investigating evaluation as an accountability mechanism by international non-governmental organizations working in humanitarian relief, The University of British Columbia, 2014, Maîtrise Munyaneza, Omar, Space-time Variation of Hydrological Processes and Water Resources in Rwanda: Focus on the Migina Catchment, UNESCO-IHE, 2014, Doctorat Ngabonziza, Jean de Dieu Amini, An analysis of the treatment of writing pedagogy in three ELT textbooks for grade 4 learners in Rwandan primary schools, The University of the Witwatersrand, 2014, Maîtrise Ndoriyobijya, Japhet, Capacity building of Anglican local church leaders toward

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becoming catalysts of integral mission, Fuller Theological Seminary, 2014, Doctorat Nguyen, Déborah, Le statut des victimes dans la pratique des juridictions pénales internationales, Lyon III Jean Moulin, 2014, Doctorat Nshimyumuremyi, Esdras, Preliminary Feasibility Analysis on the Direct Use of Geo- thermal Energy in Rwanda: Case Study Gisenyi Hot Spring, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2014, Maîtrise Nyseth, Hollie, Conditions and courses of genocide, The University of Minnesota, 2014, Doctorat Overmier, Kimberly, The Clinton Administration's Use of Hermeneutic Opportunities in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide during the Bosnia and Rwanda Genocides, Georgia State University, 2014, Maîtrise Ratcliffe, Joel, The (Post)Development of Rwandan Rice-Growers' Cooperatives, Université d’Ottawa, 2014, Maîtrise Roost, Laura, Justice without care: Reconceptualizing transitional justice through feminist theoretical analysis and ethical debate, The University of Nebraska at Lincoln, 2014, Doctorat Rwiyereka, Angelique, Making Money Work for Mothers: A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of the Impact of Novel Health Financing Policies on Maternal Health Services in Rwanda, Brandeis University, 2014, Doctorat Shaikh, Sonia Jawaid, Elite communication and legitimization of violence during intergroup conflicts, Michigan State University, 2014, Maîtrise Sundberg, Molly, Training for model citizenship: an ethnography of civic education and state-making in Rwanda, Uppsala University, 2014, Doctorat Tamm, Henning, The dynamics of transnational alliances in Africa, 1990-2010: governments, rebel groups, and power politics, University of Oxford, 2014, Doctorat Thandra, Shashidar, Annihilation and accumulation: Postcolonial literatures of genocide and capital, Wayne State University, 2104, Doctorat Thomas, Michelle Renee, The Evolution of Land Tenureship in Rwanda, 1880-1959, Howard University, 2014, Maîtrise Thun, Linn, Being Rwandan in Quebec: The Influence of Rwandan Politics on Identity Formation, Social Relations and Organisation in the Diaspora, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2014, Maîtrise Twagiramungu, Noel, Two Rebel Roads to Power: Explaining Variation in the Transition from Genocidal Violence to Rebel Governance in Contemporary Rwanda and Burundi, Tufts University, 2014, Doctorat Umugwaneza, D., Interaction between agriculture policy and wetland management systems in Rwanda: the case study of Rugeramigozi wetland, UNESCO-IHE, 2014, Doctorat Uwizeyimana, Emeline, Essai de compréhension de la pauvreté féminine à travers le cas particulier des femmes chefs de ménage au Rwanda face au microcrédit, de 1994 à 2014, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2014 Doctorat

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Watkins, Sarah, Iron Mothers and Warrior Lovers: Intimacy, Power, and the State in the Nyiginya Kingdom, 1796-1913, University of California, Santa Barbara, 2014, Doctorat Williamson, Caroline, Posttraumatic identities: developing a culturally-informed understanding of posttraumatic growth in Rwandan women genocide survivors, The University of Nottingham, 2014, Doctorat Wood, Douglas, Structure, paleolimnology and basin history of the East Kivu Graben, Lake Kivu, Rwanda from offshore seismic reflection data, Syracuse University, 2014, Maîtrise

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2 Histoire; Témoignages

2.1 Histoire

Antoni, Bushayija Bugabo, Musenyeri Aloyizi Bigirumwami, Mélian: Izuba, 2014, 184 p. Belgian Ministries of Colonies; Hoffelder, Timothy (translator), The Fate of the Prisoners during the East Africa Campaign: The Treatment of the Allied Prisoners by the Germans; The Treatment of the German Prisoners by the Belgians, London/Anvers, 1919, s. l. : Timothy Hoffelder; Great War in Africa Association, 2014, 134 p. Cornet, Anne, Les femmes et les enfants d'abord? L'action des missionnaires occidentales pour la protection maternelle et infantile au Rwanda (1920-1940), Namur: Presses universitaires de Namur, 2014. 259 p. Cornet, Anne, “L'ère du soupçon: Missionnaires anglicans et fonctionnaires belges entre défiance et tensions (Ruanda, 1916-1940)”, Outre-Mers, 101-380/381, 2014 [décembre 2013], pp. 143-162. Cornet, Anne, “Soigner et guérir au pays des mille collines: de l'activité sanitaire à la quête d'autonomie: les Sœurs blanches au Rwanda pendant l'entre-deux-guerres”, Histoire, monde et cultures religieuses (HMC), 30, 2014.pp. 33-46. Desrosiers, Marie-Eve, “Rethinking political rhetoric and authority during Rwanda's First and Second Republics”, Africa, 84-2, 2014, pp. 199-225. Giblin, John Daniel, “Toward a politicised interpretation ethic in African archaeology”, Azania, 49-2, 2014, pp. 148-165. Jessee, Erin; Watkins, Sarah, “Good Kings, Bloody Tyrants, and Everything In Between: Representations of the Monarchy in Post-Genocide Rwanda”, History in Africa, 41, 2014, pp. 35-62. Mayersen, Deborah, “‘Once upon a time there was a wonderful country’: representations of history in Rwanda”, The Australasian review of African studies, 35-1, 2014, pp. 23- 38. Mureme Kubwimana, Bonaventure, Manuel d'études du développement du Rwanda: le projet de société centriste révolutionnaire rwandais, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, 310 p. Mureme Kubwimana, Bonaventure, Manuel de sociologie politique rwandaise appro- fondie: intekerezo, suivant le modèle Mgr Alexis Kagame, Tome 1, Le Rwanda: un état-nation unitaire millénaire, 506 p.; Tome 2, La spirale de la violence rwandaise, 646 p., Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014. Singiza, Dantès, “Les réactions des autorités belges et locales face à la famine Ruzagayura (Rwanda, 1943-1944): Heuristique, méthodologie et premiers résultats”, in Van Schuylenbergh, Patricia; Lanneau, Catherine; Plasman, Pierre-Luc (eds), L'Afrique belge aux XIXe et XXe siècles: Nouvelles recherches et perspectives en histoire coloniale, Bruxelles/New York/Bern: Peter Lang, 2014, pp. 193-216.

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2.2 1990-1994; Génocide Aisenstein, Marilia, “Quelques réflexions sur soumission et pensée: ‘C’était simplement dit, c’était simple à comprendre’”, Revue française de psychanalyse, 78, 2014, pp. 671- 680. Amnesty International, The world still failing to act despite Rwanda genocide shame, London: AI, 7 April 2014, 2 p. Amnesty International, Rwanda: Never again means never again, London: AI, 7 April 2014, 2 p. Amuno, S.; Amuno, M., “Geochemical Assessment of Two Excavated Mass Graves in Rwanda: A Pilot Study”, Soil and Sediment Contamination, 23-2, 2014, pp. 144-165. Belardi, Nando, “Ruanda 1994: Genozid in hundert Tagen”, Blätter für deutsche und internationale Politik, 59-4, 2014, pp. 53-63. Bizimana, Jean-Damascène, L’itinéraire du génocide contre les Tutsi, Toulouse: Izuba, 2014. Chirot, Daniel; Karell, Daniel, “Identity Construction and the Causes of Genocidal Mass Murder”, Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism,14-3, 2014, pp. 484–499. Cohen, Herman, “Africa's Illegitimate Surrogate Wars: Disastrous and Stealthy Cross Border Acts of Aggression That Have Never Been Acknowledged nor Discussed”, American Foreign Policy Interests, 36-4, 2014, pp. 240-248. [Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, Rwanda] Collins, Barrie, Rwanda 1994: the myth of the Akazu genocide conspiracy and its consequences, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014, 272 p. Comerford, Damien, “Preparing for the Apocalypse”, in Idem, Cover Up, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, pp. 181-219. Cunningham, David, Barriers to Peace in Civil War, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014, 298 p. D'Agostino, Brian, “The scope and limits of psychohistory”, The Journal of Psycho- history, 41-4, 2014, pp. 309-316. Doerr, Edd, “Rwanda’s Horror Twenty Years Later”, Free Inquiry, 35-1, 2004/2005, pp. 47-48. Dumas, Hélène, Le génocide au village: le massacre des Tutsi au Rwanda, Paris: Seuil, 2014, 364 p. Eltringham, Nigel, “Display, concealment and ‘culture’: the disposal of bodies in the 1994 Rwandan genocide”, in Dreyfus, Jean-Marc; Anstett, Élisbeth (eds), Human remains and mass violence: Methodological approaches, Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 2014. Fletcher, Narelle, “Words That Can Kill: The Mugesera Speech and the 1994 Tutsi Genocide in Rwanda”, Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies, 11-1, 2014, pp. 1-15. Gounin, Yves, “Rwanda: penser et dépasser le génocide”, Revue internationale et

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stratégique, 96-4, 2014, pp. 153-158. Groß, Johanna, Weiterentwicklung der soziologischen und psychologischen Gewaltforschung am Beispiel des Genozids in Ruanda: Täter-Opfer-Beobachter-Helfer- Perspektive: Vier-Rollen-Modell, Hamburg: Maximilian-Verl., 2014, 349 p. Hall, Peter; Parkes, Colin Murray, “The roots of conflict in Rwanda”, pp. 67-74; “The assassination and genocide in Rwanda”, pp. 118-132; “After the genocide: The peace process in Rwanda”, pp. 208-228, in Parkes, Colin Murray (ed), Responses to terrorism: can psychosocial approaches break the cycle of violence?, New York: Routledge, 2014. Herman, Edwar; Peterson, David, Enduring lies: The Rwandan genocide in the propaganda system, 20 years later, Evergreen Park, IL: The Real News Books, 2014, 142 p. Horner, Timothy, “Genocide in the church: a reconsideration of Rwanda”, Journal of Race, Ethnicity, and Religion, 5-6, 2014, pp. 1-23. Human Rights Watch; Des Forges, Alison Liebhafsky, Nihazasigare N'uwo Kubara Inkuru: Itsembabwoko Mu Rwanda [Leave none to tell the story: genocide in Rwanda], Trenton: Africa World Press, 2014, 814 p. Kayihura, Edouard; Zukus, Kerry, Inside the Hotel Rwanda: what really happened and why it matters today, Dallas, TX: Ben Bella Books, 2014, 295 p. Keller, Edmond, “Rwanda: Exclusionary Nationalism, Democracy, and Genocide”, in Idem, Identity, citizenship, and political conflict in Africa, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2014, ch. 8. Krivoushin, Ivan, Genocidal mentality: the 1994 case of Rwanda; Working paper 18/2014/01, Moscow: Higher School of Economics Publ. House, 2014, 22 p. L'histoire, 396, 2014, Le génocide des Tutsi: dossier: Chrétien, Jean-Pierre, “Un demi-siècle de racisme officiel”, p. 42-45; Dumas, Hélène, “Le génocide des voisins”, pp. 48-57; Brana, Pierre, “Enquête sur les responsabilités de la France”, pp. 58-61; Garapon, Antoine, “Un laboratoire de justice”, pp. 62-65; Encel, Frédéric, “Une politique de la mémoire”, p. 66. Le Houérou, Fabienne, “Tutsi Genocide in Rwanda 1994”, in Idem, Humanitarian Crises and International Relations 1959-2013, Oak Park, IL: Bentham Science Publishers, 2014, pp. 84-101. Lugan, Bernard, Rwanda: un génocide en questions, Monaco: Éditions du Rocher, 2014, 278 p. Mayersen, Deborah, On the path to genocide: Armenia and Rwanda reexamined, New York; Oxford, UK: Berghahn, 2014, 248 p. Mayersen, Deborah, “One hundred days of horror: portraying genocide in Rwanda”, Rethinking History, 2014, 13 p. doi:10.1080/13642529.2014.893665 McDoom, Omar, “Predicting violence within genocide: A model of elite competition and ethnic segregation from Rwanda”, Political Geography, 42, 2014, pp. 34-45. McDoom, Omar, “Antisocial Capital: A Profile of Rwandan Genocide Perpetrators’

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Social Networks”, Journal of Conflict Resolution, 58-5, 2014, pp. 865-893. Meierhenrich, Jens (ed), Genocide: A Reader, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014, 527 p.: Homer-Dixon, Thomas, “Environmental scarcity and the genocide in Rwanda”, 1996; Straus, Scott, “Who were the Génocidaires of Rwanda?”, 2006; Taylor, Christopher, “The cultural face of Hutu Terror”, 2002; New York Times, “Tribes battle for Rwandan capital”, April 16, 1994; Reyntjens, Filip, “From genocide to dictatorship in Rwanda”, 2004; Prunier, Gérard, “Africa's world war”, 2009; International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, “Did Tutsi constitute an "ethnical" group?”, 1998; Reydams, Luc, “Universal jurisdiction and the "Butare Four", 2003; Waldorf, Lars, “Rwanda's Gacaca jurisdictions”, 2006; Dallaire, Roméo, “Shake hands with the devil”, 2003; Clinton, William, “Remarks by the President of the United States at Kigali Airport”, March 25, 1998; Power, Samantha, “Bystanders to genocide in Rwanda”, 2001; Kuperman, Alan, “The Rwandan genocide and the limits of humanitarian intervention”, 2001; Barnett, Michael, “Inside the UN in 1994”, 2002. Murray Parkes, Colin, “Genocide in Rwanda: Personal Reflections”, in Idem, The price of love: the selected works of Colin Murray Parkes, New York : Routledge, 2014. Ndagijimana, Jean-Marie, Paris J-180: Juvénal Habyarimana, un président ultimement seul, Orléans: Éditions la Pagaie, 2014. Ndanyuzwe, Noël, La guerre mondiale africaine: la conspiration anglo-américaine pour un génocide au Rwanda, Lille: Sources du Nil, 2014, 530 p. Orr, Daniel, “Rwandan Civil War and Genocide”, in Idem, Wars of the 20th Century: Twenty Wars That Shaped Our Present World, Volume 2, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, pp. 99-109. Riches, Dennis; Jacobs, Robert; Yves Kamuronsi (eds), Atrocity in slow and fast motion: the nuclear age and the Rwandan genocide, Tokyo: Center for Glocal Studies, Seijo University, 2014, 42 p. Rinaldi, Niccolò, Shoah, Ruanda: due lezioni parallele, Firenze : Giuntina, 2014. 73 p. Riot, Thomas, “Les politiques du ‘loisir’ et le génocide des Tutsi rwandais: du racisme culturel aux donjons de la mémoire (1957-2013)”, Politique africaine, 133, 2014, pp. 131-151. Rittner, Carol; Wilkens, Carl, “Genocide in Rwanda, 1994: a conversation with Carl Wilkens”; Rittner, Carol, “Genocide in Rwanda : introductory comments for Ghosts of Rwanda”, in Rittner, Carol; Ronda, Tara; National Catholic Center for Holocaust Education (eds), Holocaust education: challenges for the future, Greensburg, PA: NCCHE, Seton Hill University, 2014. Staub, Ervin, “Obeying, Joining, Following, Resisting, and Other Processes in the Milgram Studies, and in the Holocaust and Other Genocides: Situations, Personality, and Bystanders”, Journal of Social Issues, 70-3, 2014, pp. 501-514.

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Temps Modernes (Les), 680/681, 2014: Le génocide des Tutsi, 1994-2014: Quelle histoire? Quelle mémoire? Simont, Juliette, “Avant-propos”, pp. 3-4; Kagabo, José, “Le génocide des Tutsi: comment penser une “barbarie” en apparence aveugle?”, pp. 5-18; Nsengimana, Patrick, “Le chagrin”, pp. 19-26; Uwaysabye, Didacienne, “Vivre est un combat”, pp. 27-39; Twagiramariya, Médiatrice, “Ce qui s'est passé à Cyarwa”, pp. 40-54; Braeckman, Colette, “La Haye, 2014 : grand déballage des mémoires”, pp. 55-65; Smith, Étienne, “Les derniers défenseurs de l'empire: quand l'armée française raconte ses Rwanda”, pp. 66-100; Morel, Jacques, “Le massacre de Bisesero en présence des Français (24 juin-30 juin 1994)”, pp. 101-134; Debomy, Frédéric, “Le génocide des Tutsi et la télévision française”, pp. 135-165; Robinet, François, “L'empreinte des récits médiatiques: mémoires françaises du génocide des tutsi du Rwanda”, pp. 166-188; Chatain, Jean, “Le négationnisme, une constante française”, pp. 189-204; De Geouffre de La Pradelle, Géraud, “Complices de l'inavouable devant les tribunaux”, pp. 205-212; Maison, Rafaëlle, “Coup d'état et génocide: l'affaire Bagosora”, pp. 213- 237; Gauthier, Alain, “Le témoignage au service de la justice: l'expérience du collectif des parties civiles pour le Rwanda en France”, pp. 238-247; Godard, Marie-Odile, “Se souvenir et dire... Mais à quel prix!”, pp. 248-263; Munyandamutsa, Naasson, “Créer pour acquérir une existence face à l'autre: la ténacité de la mémoire des exclus”, pp. 264- 270; Mutarabayire-Schafer, Amélie, “Génocide des Tutsi, vingt ans après: et la vie?”, pp. 271- 285; Servin, Micheline, “Le génocide des Tutsi au péril du cinéma et du théâtre”, pp. 286-300; Coret, Laure, “La re-présentation du corps-témoin, vingt ans après”, pp. 301-317; Delyon, Anne, “Le livre d'Élise, témoignage d'une rescapée”, pp. 318-327; Karegeye, Jean-Pierre, “Les femmes témoins : la prise de parole”, pp. 328-349; Korman, Rémi, “Indirimbo z'icyunamo: Chanter la mémoire du génocide”, pp. 350-361; Cartes du Rwanda, pp. 362-363. Tesfaye, Facil, Statistique(s) et génocide au Rwanda: la genèse d'un système de catégorisation génocidaire, Paris: Harmattan, 2014, 154 p. Verwimp, Philip; D'Aoust, Olivia, “Risk, Security, and Coping Mechanisms in Contexts of Violent Conflict: Evidence from Rwanda and Burundi”, in Justino, Patricia; Brück, Tilman; Verwimp, Philip (eds), A micro-level perspective on the dynamics of conflict, violence, and development, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014, doi: 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199664597.003.0008 Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire; Dossier: Le génocide des Tutsi rwandais, vingt ans après, 122, 2014/2: Audoin-Rouzeau, Stéphane; Dumas, Hélène, “Le génocide des Tutsi rwandais vingt ans après: réflexions introductives”, pp. 3-16; Glossaire, pp. 17-18; Chronologie, pp 19-22; Chrétien, Jean-Pierre; Audoin-Rouzeau, Stéphane; Dumas, Hélène, “Un historien face au génocide des Tutsi”, pp. 23-35;

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Rutayisire, Paul, “Approche locale du génocide: La région de Nyarubuye”, pp. 37-49; Rovetta, Ornella, “Le procès de Jean-Paul Akayesu: Les autorités communales en jugement”, pp. 51-61; Baraduc, Violaine, “Tuer au cœur de la famille: Les femmes en relais”, pp. 63-74; Dumas, Hélène, “Enfants victimes, enfants tueurs: Expériences enfantines (Rwanda, 1994)”, pp. 75-86; Korman, Rémi. “L'État rwandais et la mémoire du génocide: Commémorer sur les ruines (1994-1996)”, pp. 87-98. Sebunuma, Déogratias, Essai sur l'autosuggestion, Paris: Editions Umusozo, 2014, 140 p. Tochman, Wojciech, Aujourd'hui, nous allons dessiner la mort: Retour au Rwanda, Lausanne: Les Editions Noir sur Blanc, 2014, 141 p. (traduit de Idem, Dzisiaj narysujemy śmierć, Wołowiec: Wydawn. Czarne, 2010, par Margot Carlier). Wallis, Andrew, Little house: The powers behind the Rwandan genocide, London: I. B. Tauris, 2014, 288 p. White, Dean, “An African Holocaust”, History Today, 64-6, 2014, pp. 40-46.

2.3 France/Rwanda Boudiguet, Bruno, Vendredi 13 à Bisesero: la question de la participation française dans le génocide des Tutsis rwandais, 15 avril-22 juin 1994, Bondy: Aviso, 2014, 446 p. Cités, Génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda: un négationnisme français, 57, 2014: Zarka, Yves Charles, “Éditorial: Néocolonialisme et génocide”, pp. 3-8; Lacoste, Charlotte, “Présentation”, pp. 9-21; Cattier, Emmanuel, “Les révélations circonscrites d’un rapport parlementaire”, pp. 23-36; Dupaquier, Jean-François, “Propagande noire et désinformation au cœur de l’engagement militaire français”, pp. 37-51; Morel, Jacques, “L’inversion des rôles des tueurs et des victimes”, pp. 53-63; Ba, Mehdi, “L’attentat du 6 avril 1994: confusion, inversion, négation”, pp. 65-78; Maison, Rafaëlle; Géraud de La Pradelle, “L’ordonnance du juge Bruguière comme objet négationniste”, pp. 79-90; Doridant, Raphaël; Lacoste, Charlotte, “Peut-on parler d’un négationnisme d’État?”, pp. 91- 110 De Saint-Exupéry, Patrick, “Point de vue d'un témoin engagé: Lever le voile”, p 111-119. Chupin, Bernard, Vendée 1794-Rwanda 1994: deux génocides qui se ressemblent, Anet: Atelier Fol'fer, 2014, 99 p. Collombat, Benoît; Servenay, David, Au nom de la France: guerres secrètes au Rwanda, Paris: La Découverte, 2014, 309 p. Cosse, Jean-Pierre, Alain Juppé et le Rwanda, Paris: L'Harmattan, 2014, 565 p. De Pinho, José, Comprendre le génocide rwandais: témoignage, révélations, analyses, Paris: Éd. Velours, 2014. Dupaquier, Jean-François, Politiques, militaires et mercenaires français au Rwanda: chronique d'une désinformation, Paris: Karthala, 2014, 478 p. Farnel, Serge, Bisesero: le ghetto de Varsovie rwandais, Bondy: Aviso, 2014, 710 p. Graner, François, Le sabre et la machette: officiers français et génocide tutsi, Bruxelles:

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Ed. Tribord, 2014, 252 p Collectif, La Nuit rwandaise, 20 ans de déni, ça suffit !, Izuba/L’Esprit Frappeur, 8, 2014, 560 p. Sommaire: http://www.lanuitrwandaise.org/revue/la-nuit-rwandaise-no8,351.html Onana, Charles, La France dans la terreur rwandaise, Paris: Éditions Duboiris, 2014, 479 p. Whitehouse, David, In search of Rwanda's génocidaires: French justice and the lost decades, Woodstock, Ontario: Seraphim Editions, 2014, 370 p.

2.4 Témoignages; Mémoires Bamurangirwa, Patricia, My Mother’s Dreams, Leicester, UK: Troubador, 2014, 544 p. Barril, Paul, Paroles d'honneur: la vérité sur les génocides au Rwanda, Paris: Télémaque, 2014, 245 p. Belton, David, When the hills ask for your blood: A personal story of genocide and Rwanda, London: Doubleday, 2014, 333 p. Calais, Christophe; Réra, Nathan, Un Destin rwandais, Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 2014, 135 p. (bilingue français/kinyarwanda) Deme, Amadou; Erlinder, Peter (ed), When Victors Tell the Story: The UN's Victims in Rwanda, Saint-Paul, MN: International Humanitarian Law Institute, 2014, 500 p. Duruz, Grégoire; Carla Del Ponte (préface), Par-delà le génocide: dix-sept récits contre l'effacement de l'histoire au Rwanda, Mercurol: Yvelinédition, 2014, 243 p. Ellis, Elsi Vassdal, Displaced on the fault lines, Bellingham, WA: EVE Press, 2014, 50 p. [Bosnia, Cambodia, Germany, Rwanda] Gasore, Serge; Watson, Patsy, My day to die: running for my life, Bloomington, IN: Archway, 2014, 155 p. Gourevitch, Philip, You hide that you hate me and I hide that I know: living with it in Rwanda, New York: Penguin Books, 2014, 304 p. Jaspers, Louis, Ruanda: ma vie d'administrateur de territoire; Mars 1960 à Novembre 1961, Tome 3, Bruxelles: Editions Scribe, 2014, 230 p. Kagoyire, Yvonne-Solange; Ngarambe, François-Xavier; Twambazemungu, Jean-Marie, Rescapés de Kigali: témoignage, Paris: Éditions de l'Emmanuel, 2014, 262 p.; CD, 47 min. Mampuya, Nicole, Black shades of tears and hope: African journeys; growing up, hope and aspirations, Cape Town: Nicole Mampuya, 2014, 97 p. Miles, William, “Notes from a haunting conference: Rwanda”, in Idem, Afro-Jewish encounters: from Timbuktu to the Indian Ocean and beyond, Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2014. Moore, Judy-Leigh, Where's Granny Been? Life as an Aid Worker, Seattle, WA: Evil Genius Publishing, 2014, 244 p. Mukagasana, Yolande, L'ONU et le chagrin d'une négresse : Rwanda-RD-Congo, 20 ans après, Bondy: Aviso, 2014.

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Musomandera, Elise Rida, Le livre d'Elise: Rwanda, 1994-2014, Paris : Les belles lettres, 2014, 108 p. Mwumvaneza, Charles; Amirian, Isaac, I Saw the Devil, I Saw God: A True Story, 2014 Wakesho Publishers 268 p. Naramé, Zita, Ferme ta bouche!, Montmoreau: Les 2 Encres, 2014, 608 p. Ndabaramiye, Frederick; Parker, Amy, Frederick: the story of boundless hope, Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 2014. Ntakirutimana, Évariste; Nkusi, Laurent; Rutembesa, Faustin; Rutayisire, Paul; Bideri, Diogène; Mutwarasibo, Ernest, Rwanda 18 years after the genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi (1994-2012): Testimonies and reflections, Kigali: Republic of Rwanda, National Commission for the Fight Against Genocide (CNLG), 2014, 606 p. Personnaz, Damien, Travers de routes: l'humanitaire, cahin-caha, Lyon: Éditions de la Rémanence, 2014, 204 p. Rudasingwa, Théogène, Guérison d'une nation: un témoignage, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 536 p. Rukundo, Ange, The plight of Rwandese refugees after the genocide: The story of a survivor, from the middle of the Rwandese genocide to the heart of the United States, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014 (2015), 174 p. Russo, Albert, Eur-African Exiles From Rhodes and Rhodesia to the Belgian Congo and Rwanda-Urundi: An Eur-African Saga, s.l.: L'Aleph (Wisehouse Pub.), 2014, 250 p. Rutabana, Ben, De l'enfer à l'enfer: du Hutu Power à la dictature de Kagame, Paris: Books Éditions, 2014, 279 p. Thomas-Greenfield, Linda; Rurangwa, Joseph (eds), In remembrance of fallen US Embassy staff: survivors tell their stories, Kigali/Washington, DC: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of African Affairs, 2014, 59 p. Umutesi, Francine, Forgiveness… The Rwandan Way, Bloomington, IN: Authorhouse, 2014, 182 p. Westlund, Debb, A Rwanda Journal, 2013: Black & White Version, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 234 p.

2.5 Témoignages: critique High, Steven, “Smile Through the Tears: Life, Art, and the Rwandan Genocide; Oral history by Jessica Silva with Rupert Bazambanza”, in Cave, Mark; Sloan, Stephen (eds), Listening on the Edge: Oral History in the Aftermath of Crisis, New York: Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. Krauss, Taylor, “In the Ghost Forest: Listening to Tutsi Rescapés”, in Cave, Mark; Sloan, Stephen (eds), Listening on the Edge: Oral History in the Aftermath of Crisis, New York: Oxford University Press, USA, 2014. Lagarde, François, Mémorialistes et témoins rwandais (1994-2013): Bibliographie critique, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, 468 p. Norridge, Zoe, “Professional Witnessing in Rwanda: Human Rights and Creative

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Responses to Genocide”, in Kilby, Jane; Rowland, Antony (eds), The Future of Testimony : Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Witnessing, New York: Routledge, 2014, ch. 8. Reeves, Troy; Tyler-Richards, Caitlin, “Confessing Animals” Redux: A Conversation between Alexander Freund and Erin Jessee”, Oral History Review, 41-2, 2014, pp. 314- 324. Thibon, Christian, “Témoins et témoignages dans les procès traitant de crime de génocides en Afrique de l’Est”, Histoire de la justice, 24, 2014, pp. 133-141.

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3 Politique

3.1 Politique ––, “Rwanda”, in Ellicott, Karen, Countries of the World and Their Leaders Yearbook 2014, Vol. 2., Detroit: Gale, 2014, pp. 1925-1936. ––, “Institutions au Rwanda”, in Reyntjens, Filip; Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, pp. 537- 542. Africa Research Bulletin: Political, Social and Cultural Series: “Rwanda: Ingabire Jail Term Extended”, 50-12, January 2014, pp. 19966A-19966C, “Rwanda-South Africa: Murder Strains Relations”, 51-1, February 2014, pp. 19982A- 19984C, “Rwanda: ‘Chilling Message’ to Dissenters”, 51-1, February 2014, pp. 20004A-20004B, “Rwanda: Landmark Trials”, 51-2, March 2014, pp. 20046B-20047C, “Rwanda: Controversial ICTR Decision”, 51-2, March 2014, pp. 20037B-20037C, “DR Congo: Campaign Against Rebel Groups Continues”, 51-3, April 2014, pp. 20068A- 20069A, “Rwanda-France: Landmark Genocide Trial”, 51-3, April 2014, pp. 20083A-20083C, “South Africa-Burundi, Rwanda: Tit-for-Tat Expulsions”, 51-3, April 2014, pp. 20053A- 20053C, “DR Congo: Rebel Leader Killed”, 51-4, May 2014, pp. 20104B-20105B, “Rwanda”, 51-4, May 2014, p. 20119A, “Rwanda: Genocide Anniversary”, 51-4, May 2014, pp. 20112B-20114A, “East African Community: Extraordinary Summit (Arusha)”, 51-5, June 2014, pp. 20127A- 20128A, “Rwanda: HRW Documents Disappearances”, 51-5, June 2014, pp. 20146B-20146C, “DR Congo: Militia Activity”, 51-6, July 2014, pp. 20176B-20176C, “Rwanda: Kagame Lashes Out”, 51-6, July 2014, pp. 20184A-20184C, “DR Congo - Rwanda: Fighting Flares on Border”, 51-6, July 2014, pp. 20164B-20165A, “Rwanda: New Prime Minister”, 51-7, August 2014, pp. 20201A-20201B, “Rwanda: Crackdown on Critics?”, 51-8, September 2014, pp. 20254A-20254C, “Rwanda: Senate Speaker Resigns”, 51-9, October 2014, pp. 20273C-20274A, “Rwanda: Arrests, Court Appearances and Appeals”, 51-9, October 2014, p. 20292A, “Burundi-Rwanda: Lake Rweru Corpses”, 51-9, October 2014, pp. 20270B-20271A, “Rwanda: Ingabire Demands Re-trial”, 51-10, November 2014, pp. 20327A-20327B. Bird, Gemma, “Ethnic Politics and Democratic Transition in Rwanda”, Political Studies Review, 12-1, 2014, pp. 168-169. Boukari-Yabara, Amzat, “Le Rwanda 20 ans après le génocide”, Relations, 772, 2014, pp. 6-7.

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Boyle, Michael, Violence after war: explaining instability in post-conflict states, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014, 433 p. [Bosnia, East Timor, Iraq, Kosovo, Rwanda] Braeckman, Colette, Rwanda: mille collines, mille douleurs, suivi de: Chrétien, Jean- Pierre, Les Rwandais sont aussi les acteurs de leur propre histoire; et suivi de: Rugamba, Dorcy, Une société martiale et solidaire, Bruxelles: Nevicata, 2014, 93 p. Burgess, Stephen, “From failed power sharing in Rwanda to successful top-down military integration”, in Licklider, Roy (ed), New armies from old: merging competing militaries after civil wars, Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 2014. Chakravarty, Anuradha, “Navigating the middle ground : the political values of ordinary Hutu in post-genocide Rwanda”, African Affairs, 113-451, 2014, pp. 232-253. Chemouni, Benjamin, “Explaining the design of the Rwandan decentralization: elite vulnerability and the territorial repartition of power”, Journal of Eastern African Studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 246-262. Commonwealth Observer Group, Report of the Commonwealth Expert Team: Rwanda Legislative Election (Chamber of Deputies): 16-18 September 2013, London: The Commonwealth, 2014, 30 p. Decherf, Dominique, “Maïeutique Rwandaise”, Études, 420-5, 2014, pp. 19-28. Firsing, Scott, “Thinking through the role of Africa's militaries in peacekeeping: The cases of Nigeria, Ethiopia and Rwanda”, South African Journal of International Affairs, 21-1, 2014, pp. 45-67. Gaynor, Niamh, “‘A nation in a hurry’: the costs of local governance reforms in Rwanda”, Review of African Political Economy, 2014, 15 p., doi: 10.1080/03056244. 2014.976190 Giblin, John, “Post-conflict heritage: symbolic healing and cultural renewal”, International Journal of Heritage Studies, 20- 5, 2014, pp. 500-518. Goodfellow, Tom, “Rwanda's political settlement and the urban transition : expropriation, construction and taxation in Kigali”, Journal of eastern African studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 311-329. Guichaoua, André, “Vers la fin de la diplomatie dérogatoire envers le Rwanda”, Diplomatie, 70, 2014, pp. 33-37. Haggard, Stephan; Tiede, Lydia, “The Rule of Law in Post-Conflict Settings: The Empirical Record”, International Studies Quarterly, 58-2, 2014, pp. 405–417. Ingelaere, Bert, “What's on a peasant's mind? Experiencing RPF state reach and overreach in post-genocide Rwanda (2000-10)”, Journal of Eastern African studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 214-223. Johnson, Richard, Rwanda: la trahison de Human Rights Watch, Miélan: Izuba Edition, 2014, 164 p. Jones, Will, “Rwanda: The Way Forward”, The Round Table, 103-3, 2014, pp. 347-349. Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, Special Issue: Rwanda 20 Years After the Genocide, 8-4, 2014:

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Bergamaschi, Isaline; Dezalay, Sara; Kühn, Florian; Lemay-Hébert, Nicolas, “Introduction: Rwanda 20 Years after the Genocide: Reflecting on Intervention and Reconciliation”, pp. 273-279; Müller, Harald; Wolff, Jonas, “The Dual Use of an Historical Event: ‘Rwanda 1994’, the Justification and Critique of Liberal Interventionism”, pp. 280-290; Rutazibwa, Olivia Umurerwa, “Studying Agaciro: Moving Beyond Wilsonian Interventionist Knowledge Production on Rwanda”, pp. 291-302; Clark, Phil, “Negotiating Reconciliation in Rwanda: Popular Challenges to the Official Discourse of Post-Genocide National Unity”, pp. 303-320; Jowell, Marco, “Cohesion through socialization: liberation, tradition and modernity in the forging of the Rwanda Defence Force (RDF)”, pp. 278-293. Kabango, John, “How Rwanda is making progress”, Development and Cooperation, 41- 12, 2014, pp. 454-457. Kagame, Paul, “Rebooting Rwanda: A Conversation with Paul Kagame”, Foreign Affairs, 93-3, 2014, pp. 40-48. Kamatali, Jean-Marie, “State-Building in Rwanda”, in Agbese, Pita Ogaba; Kieh, George Klay (eds), Reconstructing the authoritarian state in Africa, Abingdon, UK: Routledge, 2014, pp. 154-179. Keller, Edmond, “Rwanda: exclusionary nationalism, democracy, and genocide”, in Idem, Identity, citizenship, and political conflict in Africa, Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2014. Kelly, Timothy; Souter, David, The role of information and communication technologies in postconflict reconstruction, Washington, DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 2014, 119 p. [Afghanistan, Liberia, Timor-Leste, Tunisia, Rwanda] Lansford, Thomas, “Rwanda”, in Idem, Political Handbook of the World, Washington, DC: CQ Press, 2014, pp. 1198-1206. Maluki, Patrick, Peace Building Strategies and Sustainable Peace in Rwanda and Burundi, Internet: Scholar’s Press, 2014, 184 p. Mills, Greg, “Burundi and Rwanda: Getting Beyond Tribalism”, in Idem, Why states recover: Changing walking societies into winning nations, from Afghanistan to Zimbabwe, London: Hurst & Company/New York: Oxford University Press, 2014. Mukandoli, Colette, Hindrances in the Process of Political Decentralisation in Rwanda: A Case Study of Nyarugenge District, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 140 p. Musabyimana, Gaspard; Neretse, Emmanuel, Rwanda, vingt ans de pouvoir du FPR: Quel bilan?, Bruxelles: Scribe, 2014, 372 p. Palmer, Nicola, “Re-examining resistance in post-genocide Rwanda”, Journal of Eastern African Studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 231-245. Panait, Oana Marina; Bisoka, Aymar Nyenyezi, “L’agaciro rwandais: discours post- développementaliste ou usurpation de la lutte postcoloniale? Légitimation et délé- gitimation d’un discours”, in Reyntjens, Filip, Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, pp. 361- 384.

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Reese, Renford, “Paul Kagame: Machiavelli's Prince”, Journal of Diplomacy & International Relations, 15-1, 2014, pp. 107-115. Reyntjens, Filip, “Chronique politique du Rwanda: 2013-2014”, in Reyntjens, Filip, Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013- 2014, Paris: Harmattan, 2014, pp. 333-360. Reyntjens, Filip, Rwanda: gouverner après le génocide, Paris : Les belles lettres, 2014, 333 p. (cf. Idem, Political governance in post-genocide Rwanda, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2013). Rudasingwa, Theogene, Urgent Call: The Imperative for Regime Change and Societal Transformation in Rwanda, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 162 p. Rudasingwa, Theogene, Intabaza, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 42 p. Rwiyereka, Angélique, “Using Rwandan traditions to strengthen programme and policy implementation”, Development in Practice, 24-5/6, 2014, pp. 686-692. Soudan, Francois, Kagame: the president of Rwanda speaks, New York: Enigma Books, 2014, 256 p. Straus, Scott, “Introduction: Rwanda Twenty Years after the Genocide”, African Affairs, April 18, 2014, doi:10.1093/afraf/adu024 Syoen, Martine; De Beule, Christiaan; SOS Rwanda-Burundi, Autel Rwanda, 1989-2014: 25 ans de soif de vérité, justice et réconciliation, Suzet: SOS Rwanda-Burundi absl, 2014. Tertsakian, Carina, “‘Some prisons are prisons, and others are like hell’: Prison life in Rwanda in the ten years after the genocide”, Prison Service Journal, 212, 2014, pp. 4- 10 Thomson, Susan, “Accepting authoritarianism? Everyday resistance as political consciousness in post-genocide Rwanda”, in Obadare, Ebenezer; Willems, Wendy (eds), Civic agency in Africa: arts of resistance in the 21st century, Woodbridge, UK: James Currey; Rochester, NY: Boydell & Brewer, 2014. Turner, Simon, “Making Good Citizens from Bad Life in Post-Genocide Rwanda”, in Anders, Gerhard; Zenker, Olaf (eds), Transition and justice : negotiating the terms of new beginnings in Africa, Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2014, pp. 21-40. Weber, Kerry, “Shadowed by tragedy: Rwanda strives to rise above a history of horror”, America: The National Catholic Review, 210-12, 2014, pp. 12-17.

3.2 Ethnicité Chalin, Victoire, “Réflexions autour de la construction de représentations racistes à l’égard des éleveurs”, Cahiers de l’URMIS, 15, 2014, http://urmis.revues.org/1253 [Rwanda, Uganda] Eramian, Laura, “Ethnicity without labels? Ambiguity and excess in ‘postethnic’ Rwanda”, Focaal, 70, 2014, pp. 96-109.

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Hennes, Dana, “L’identité des métis belges: entre post-colonisation africaine et globali- sation européenne”, Anthropologie et Societés,38-2, 2014, pp. 211-227. Mugesera, Antoine, The persecution of Rwandan Tutsi before the 1990-1994 genocide, Kigali: Dialogue Editions, 2014, 226 p. Mutisi, Martha, “Addressing ethno-political conflicts through the concept of Abanya- rwanda: a case of 'ethnic amnesia' in Rwanda?”, in Maphosa, Sylvester Bongani; DeLuca, Laura; Keasley, Alphonse (eds), Building peace from within, Pretoria, SA: Africa Institute of South Africa, 2014, pp. 118-136. Rurangwa, Jean-Marie Vianney, La question de l'ethnicité au Rwanda: idéologie raciste et pouvoir, Internet: Presses Academiques Francophones, 2014, 120 p. Saur, Léon, “‘Hutu’ et ‘Tutsi’: des mots pour quoi dire?”, Histoire, monde et cultures religieuses (HMC), 30, 2014, pp. 119-130. Schraml, Carla, “How is ethnicity experienced? Essentialist and constructivist notions of ethnicity in Rwanda and Burundi”, Ethnicities, 14-5, 2014, pp. 615-633 Vandeginste, Stef, “Governing ethnicity after genocide: ethnic amnesia in Rwanda versus ethnic power-sharing in Burundi”, Journal of Eastern African Studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 263-277. Vandeginste, Stef, “Political representation of minorities as collateral damage or gain: the Batwa in Burundi and Rwanda”, Afrika Spectrum, 49-1, pp. 3-25. Wielenga, Cori, “‘Lived’ Identities in Rwanda: Beyond Ethnicity?”, Africa Insight, 44-1, 2014, pp. 122-136

3.3 Mémoire Auchter, Jessica, The politics of haunting and memory in international relations, London; New York: Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group, 2014, 177 p. Auer, Kira, Vergangenheitsbewältigung in Ruanda, Kambodscha und Guatemala: Die Implementierung normativer Ansprüche, Baden-Baden: Nomos, 2014, 399 p. Bilinda, Lesley, “Remembering Well: The Role of Forgiveness in Remembrance”, Anvil, 30-2, 2014, pp. 3-12 Cieplak, Piotr. “Rwanda: Twenty Years after the Genocide: Representation and Justice”, Round Table, 103-3, 2014, pp. 339-341. Eltringham, Nigel, “Bodies of evidence: remembering the Rwandan genocide at Murambi”, in Eltringham, Nigel; Maclean, Pam (eds), Remembering Genocide, London: Routledge, 2014, pp. 200-218. Eramian, L., “Personhood, violence, and the moral work of memory in contemporary Rwanda”, International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 8-1, 2014, pp.16-29. Kankindi, Françoise; Scaglione, Daniele, Rwanda, la cattiva memoria: cosa rimane del genocidio che ha lasciato indifferente il mondo, Formigine: Infinito, 2014, 135 p. King, Elisabeth, “Memory controversies in post-genocide Rwanda: implications for peacebuilding”, in Veney, Cassandra; Simpson. Dick (eds), African democracy and development: Challenges for post-conflict, Lexington Books, 2014, pp. 57-76 (cf. Idem,

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Genocide Studies and Prevention, 5-3, 2010, pp. 293-309) Neumann, Klaus; Anderson, Dan, “Introduction: Violence, Justice and the Work of Memory”, International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 8-1, 2014, pp. 5-15. Viebach, Julia, “Alétheia and the making of the world: inner and outer dimensions of memorials in Rwanda”, in Buckley-Zistel, Susanne; Schäfer, Stefanie (eds), Memorials in times of transition, Cambridge, UK: Intersentia, 2014, pp. 69-85.

3.4 Réconciliation Bilali, Rezarta, “Between Fiction and Reality in Post-Genocide Rwanda: Reflections on a Social-Psychological Media Intervention for Social Change”, Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2-1, 2014, pp. 387-400. Boser, Ulrich, “Can we trust again? Learning from Rwanda”, in Idem, The leap: the science of trust and why it matters, Boston. MA: New Harvest/Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2014. Doughty, Kristin, “‘Our Goal Is Not to Punish but to Reconcile’: Mediation in Postgenocide Rwanda”, American Anthropologist, 116, 2014, pp. 780-794. Guillou, Benoît, Le pardon est-il durable? Une enquête au Rwanda, Paris: Bourin, 2014. 246 p. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2-1, 2014, Craig McGarty (ed) McGarty, Craig, “Twenty Years After Genocide: The Role of Psychology in the Reconciliation and Reconstruction Process in Rwanda”, pp 377-386; Bilali, Rezarta, “Between Fiction and Reality in Post-Genocide Rwanda: Reflections on a Social-Psychological Media Intervention for Social Change”, pp 387-400; Kanyangara, Patrick; Rimé, Bernard; Paez, Dario; Yzerbyt, Vincent, “Trust, Individual Guilt, Collective Guilt and Dispositions Toward Reconciliation Among Rwandan Survivors and Prisoners Before and After Their Participation in Postgenocide Gacaca Courts in Rwanda”, pp. 401-416; Kantengwa, Odeth, “How Motherhood Triumphs Over Trauma Among Mothers With Children From Genocidal Rape in Rwanda”, pp. 417-434; Moss, Sigrun Marie, “Beyond Conflict and Spoilt Identities: How Rwandan Leaders Justify a Single Recategorization Model for Post-Conflict Reconciliation”, pp. 435-449; Lala, Girish; McGarty, Craig; Thomas, Emma; Ebert, Angela; Broderick, Mick; Mhando, Martin; Kamuronsi, Yves, “Messages of Hope: Using Positive Stories of Survival to Assist Recovery in Rwanda”, pp. 450-468; Gishoma, Darius; Brackelaire, Jean-Luc; Munyandamutsa, Naasson; Mujawayezu, Jane; Mohand, Achour Ait; Kayiteshonga, Yvonne, “Supportive-Expressive Group Therapy for People Experiencing Collective Traumatic Crisis During the Genocide Commemoration Period in Rwanda: Impact and Implications”, pp. 469-488; Kanazayire, Clémentine; Licata, Laurent; Mélotte, Patricia; Dusingizemungu, Jean-Pierre; Azzi, Assaad, “Does Identification With Rwanda Increase Reconciliation Sentiments Between Genocide Survivors and Non-Victims? The Mediating Roles of Perceived Intergroup Similarity and Self-Esteem During Commemorations”, pp. 489-504 Staub, Ervin “The Challenging Road to Reconciliation in Rwanda: Societal Processes, Interventions and Their Evaluation”, pp. 505-517.

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King, Régine Uwibereyeho, “Key factors that facilitate intergroup dialogue and psychosocial healing in Rwanda”, Intervention, 12-3, 2014, pp. 416-429. Minami, Masahiro, “Nurturing reconciliation”, Therapy Today, 25-7, 2014, pp. 10-13. Munyabagisha, François, Rwanda: amahindura: umuvuno w'ubwiyunge nyakuli, Saint- Jean-sur-Richelieu, Québec: Éditions Lambda, 2014, 215 p. Phillips DeZalia, Rebekah, “Being Rwandan: The Use of Language, History, and Identity in Post-Genocide Rwanda”, in Moeschberger, Scott; Phillips DeZalia, Rebekah (eds), Symbols that Bind, Symbols that Divide: The Semiotics of Peace and Conflict, Switzerland: Springer: 2014, pp. 157-180. Sherti, Epimaque, Génocide et reconstruction de la paix au Rwanda, Paris: L'Harmattan, 2014, 358 p. Tint, Barbara; Chirimwami, Vincent; Sarkis, Caroline, “Diasporas in Dialogue: Lessons from Reconciliation Efforts in African Refugee Communities”, Conflict Resolution Quarterly, 32-2, 2014, pp. 177–202. Trombini, Maria, “Les mesures de reconstruction-réconciliation vis-à-vis la paix durable au Rwanda”, Conjuntura Global, 3-1, 2014, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/cg.v3i1.36203 Williams, Rowan; Lapsley, Michael, “The Journey toward Forgiveness”, The Ecumenical Review, 66-2, 2014, pp. 191–213.

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4 Économie

4.1 Démographie Arnaldo, Carlos, “Armed conflict and demographic outcomes in Mozambique and Rwanda: what can censuses tell us?”, in Odimegwu, C.; Kekovole, J. (eds), Continuity and change in Sub-Saharan African demography, New York: Routledge, 2014, pp. 284- 302. Garenne, Michel; Gakusi, Eneas, “La resilience du Rwanda aux chocs des années 1990: une perspective démographique”, Ethique et Economique/ Ethics and Economics, 11-1, 2014, pp. 16-28. Muhoza, Dieudonné Ndaruhuye; Broekhuis, Annelet; Hooimeijer, Piete, “Variations in Desired Family Size and Excess Fertility in East Africa”, International Journal of Population Research, 2014, doi.org/10.1155/2014/486079, 11 p. Ndahindwa, Vedaste; et al., “Determinants of fertility in Rwanda in the context of a fertility transition: a secondary analysis of the 2010 Demographic and Health Survey”, Reproductive Health, 11-1, 2014, pp. 114-130. Rutayisire, Pierre Claver; Hooimeijer, Pieter; Broekhuis, Annelet, “Changes in Fertility Decline in Rwanda: A Decomposition Analysis”, International Journal of Population Research, 2014, doi: org/10.1155/2014/486210

4.2 Questions foncières Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus; Goldstein, Markus, “Environmental and gender impacts of land tenure regularization in Africa: Pilot evidence from Rwanda”, Journal of Development Economics, 110-2, 2014, pp. 262-275. Ansoms, An; Silva-Castañeda, Laura, “Le ‘fruit amer’ du nouveau modèle agraire: Acquisitions de terres à grande échelle et moyens de subsistance au Rwanda”, in Silva- Castañeda, Laura; Verhaegen, Étienne; Charlier, Sophie; Ansoms, An (eds), Au-delà de l'accaparement: Ruptures et continuités dans l'accès aux ressources naturelles, Bruxelles/New York/Bern: Peter Lang, 2014, pp. 81-108. Ansoms, An; Cioffo, Giuseppe; Huggins, Chris; Murison, Jude, “The reorganization of rural space in Rwanda: Habitat concentration, land consolidation and collective marshland cultivation”, in Hilhorst, T.; Ansoms, A. (eds), Losing your Land: Dispossession in the Great Lakes, Woodbridge, UK: James Currey, 2014, pp. 163-185. Ansoms, A.; Wagemakers, I.; Madison-Walker, M.; Murison, J., “Land Contestation at the Micro Scale: Struggles for Space in the African Marshes”, World Development, 54, 2014, pp. 243-252. Bayisenge, J.; Hojer, S.; Espling, M., “Women’s land rights in the context of the land tenure reform in Rwanda: the experiences of policy implementers”, Journal of Eastern

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African Studies, 9-1, 2014, pp. 74-90. Boone, Catherine, Property and political order in Africa: Land rights and the structure of politics, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014. Bruce, John, “Land Administration Challenges in Postconflict States in Sub-Sahra Africa: Lessons from Rwanda and Liberia”, in Byamugisha, Frank (ed), Agricultural Land Redistribution and Land Administration in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Studies of Recent Reforms, Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014, pp. 85-102. Cronin, Katherine, “Reforming Land Tenure Policies After Civil War: A Comparative Analysis of Rwanda and Côte d’Ivoire”, Policy Perspectives, 21, 2014, pp. 22-23. Hintjens, Helen, “Land reform, social justice, and reconstruction: Challenges for post- genocide Rwanda”, in Veney, Cassandra; Simpson. Dick (eds), African democracy and development: Challenges for post-conflict, Plymouth, UK: Lexington Books, 2014, pp. 81-107. Huggins, Chris, “Land grabbing and land tenure security in post-genocide Rwanda”, in Hilhorst, T.; Ansoms, A. (eds), Losing your Land: Dispossession in the Great Lakes, Woodbridge, UK: James Currey, 2014, pp. 141-162. Isaksson, A., “Unequal Property Rights: A Study of Land Right Inequalities in Rwanda”, Oxford Development Studies, 43-1, 2014, pp. 60-83. Manirakiza, Vincent; Ansoms, An, “‘Modernizing Kigali’: The struggle for space in the Rwandan urban context”, in Hilhorst, T.; Ansoms, A. (eds), Losing your Land: Dispossession in the Great Lakes, Woodbridge, UK: James Currey, 2014, pp. 186-203. Santos, Florence; Fletschner, Diana; Daconto, Giuseppe, “Enhancing Inclusiveness of Rwanda’s Land Tenure Regularization Program: Insights from Early Stages of its Implementation”, World Development, 62, October 2014, pp. 30-41. Wasige, John Ejiet; et al., “Contemporary land use/land cover types determine soil organic carbon stocks in south-west Rwanda”, Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems, 100-1, 2014, pp. 19-33

4.3 Ressources naturelles Abiye, T.; Mmayi, P., “Groundwater as a Viable Resource Under Climate Change in the Nile Basin: A Rapid Hydro Geological Assessment”, South African Journal of Geology, 117-1, 2014, pp. 97-108. Adetan, Oluwumi, “Preliminary Investigation of Raindrop Size Distribution Modelling for Microwave Applications in Rwanda”, IOSR Journal of Engineering, 4-7, 2014, pp. 1-9. Bazimenyera, Jean de Dieu; Qiang, Fu; Niragire, Théophila, “Seasonal Variation of Major Elements in South Lake Cyohoha, Rwanda”, Journal of Northeast Agricultural University, 21-1, 2014, pp. 56-63. Bizoza, A., “Three-stage analysis of the adoption of soil and water conservation in the highlands of Rwanda”, Land Degradation & Development, 25-4, 2014, pp. 360-372. Bucagu, Charles; Vanlauwe, Bernard; Van Wijk, Mark; Giller, Ken, “Resource use and

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food self-sufficiency at farm scale within two agro-ecological zones of Rwanda”, Food Security, 6-5, 2014, pp. 609-628. Burrough-Boenisch, J.; et al., Access to energy in Rwanda: impact evaluation of activities supported by the Dutch Promotion Renewable Energy Programme, The Hague: Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands, Policy and Operations Evaluation Department, 2014. 140 p. Dumiak, Michael, “Twenty years after genocide's darkness, Rwanda turning to solar power”, Engineering News Record, 272-17, 2014. Gladstone, Scott; Tersigni, Victoria; Francfort, Kevin; Haldeman, Julie, “Implementing Pico-hydropower Sites in Rural Rwanda”, Procedia Engineering, 78, 2014, pp. 279- 286. Lohri, Christian Riuji; Gauthier, Martin; Oppliger, Alain; Zurbrügg, Christian, “Ensuring Appropriateness of Biogas Sanitation Systems for Prisons: Analysis from Rwanda, Nepal and the Philippines”, in Bolay, Jean-Claude; Hostettler, Silvia; Hazboun, Eileen (eds), Technologies for Sustainable Development: A Way to Reduce Poverty?, New York/Heidelberg: Springer International, 2014, pp. 57-72. Mazimpaka, Ernest, “Woodfuel in Rwanda: Impact on Energy, Poverty, Environment and Policy Instruments analysis”, International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 3-1, 2014, doi: 10.14710/ijred.3.1.21-32 Moran, Daniel; McBain, Darian; Kanemoto, Keiichiro; Lenzen, Manfred; Geschke, Arne, “Global Supply Chains of Coltan”, Journal of Industrial Ecology, 21 oct. 2014, doi: 10.1111/jiec.12206 Muhire, I.; Ahmed, F., “Spatio-temporal trend analysis of precipitation data over Rwanda”, South African Geographical Journal, 97-1, 2014, pp. 50-68. Muhizi, T.; Twarabamenye, E.; Ndahayo, F.; Hakizimana, A., “Biogas and Solar Energy Use in Rural Institutions in Southern Province, Rwanda”, AFRREV STECH: An International Journal of Science and Technology, 3-3, 2014, pp. 1-15. Munyaneza, O; Mukubwa, A.; Maskey, S.; Uhlenbrook, S.; Wenninger, J ., “Assessment of surface water resources availability using catchment modelling and the results of tracer studies in the mesoscale Migina Catchment, Rwanda”, Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 18-12, 2014, pp. 5289-5301. Never, Babette, Making energy efficiency pro-poor: insights from behavioural economics for policy design, Bonn: Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik, 2014. 36 p [Ghana, Rwanda, Uganda] Onyango, Otieno Fredrick; Gaston, Sibomana; Kabende, Elie; Nkunda, Felix; Ndeda, Jared Hera, “Wind Power Potential in Kigali and Western Provinces of Rwanda”, Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment, 1-3, 2014, pp. 189-200. Rutanga, J-P., “Assessment of microbiological and physicochemical parameters of ground water: A case study of Gikondo industrial park, Kigali, Rwanda”, Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management, 7-2, 2014; doi: org/10.4314/ejesm.v7i2.6 Rwigema, Anastase, “Biogas Source of Energy and Solution to the Environment Problems in Rwanda”, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 705, 2014, pp. 268-272.

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Senay, Gabriel; Velpuri, Naga Manohar; Bohms, Stefanie; Demissie, Yonas; Gebremichael, Mekonnen, “Understanding the hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin using multisource climate and remote sensing data sets”, Water Resources Research, 50-11, 2014, pp. 8625–8650. Stoa, Ryan, “Subsidiarity in Principle: Decentralization of Water Resources Management”, Utrecht Law Review, 10-2, 2014, pp. 31-45. [Florida; Haïti; Rwanda] Uwimpuhwe, M.; Reddy, P.; Barratt, G.; Bux, F., “The impact of hygiene and localised treatment on the quality of drinking water in Masaka, Rwanda”, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 49-4, 2014, pp. 434-440.

4.4 Agriculture; floriculture; sylviculture; élevage

Adams; I.; et al., “First report of maize lethal necrosis disease in Rwanda”, New Disease Reports, 29, 2014, doi: org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2014.029.022 Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus; Duponchel, Marguerite, “Credit Constraints and Agricultural Productivity: Evidence from rural Rwanda”, The Journal of Development Studies, 50-5, 2014, pp. 649-665. Ali, Daniel Ayalew; Deininger, Klaus, Is there a farm-size productivity relationship in African agriculture? Evidence from Rwanda, Policy Research Working Paper 6770. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2014, 18 p. Argent, J.; Augsburg, B.; Rasul, I., “Livestock asset transfers with and without training: Evidence from Rwanda”, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 108, 2014, pp. 19-39. Baributsa, D.; Flores, L.; Rukazambuga, D.; Wise, J., “Expanding Integrated Pest Management Capacity: Rwanda Case Study”, Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 20-2, 2014, pp. 233-246. Bendito, A.; Twomlow, S., “Promoting climate smart approaches to post-harvest challenges in Rwanda”, International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability, 2014, 18 p, DOI:10.1080/14735903.2014.959329 Bidogeza, Jean-Claude; Berentsen, Paul; de Graaff, Jan; Lansink, Alfons, “Potential Impact of Alternative Agricultural Technologies to Ensure Food Security and Raise Income of Farm Households in Rwanda”, Forum for Development Studies, 2014, DOI:10.1080/08039410.2014.972444 Booth, David; Golooba-Mutebi, Frederick, “Policy for Agriculture and Horticulture in Rwanda: A Different Political Economy?”, Development Policy Review, 32-2, 2014, pp. 173-196. Chemouni, Benjamin, “The political economy of the fertilizer subsidy reform in Rwanda and Burundi”, in Reyntjens, Filip, Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris : Harmattan, 2014, pp. 483-506 Cioffo, Giuseppe Davide, “Les petits agriculteurs face à la modernisation rurale dans la province du nord du Rwanda : consolidation de l’usage des terres, distribution d’intrants améliorés et sécurité alimentaire”, in Reyntjens, Filip, Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M.

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(eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, pp. 427-454 Dusabumuremyi, P.; Niyibigira, C.; Mashingaidze, A., “Narrow row planting increases yield and suppresses weeds in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in a semi-arid agro-ecology of Nyagatare, Rwanda”, Crop Protection, 64, 2014, pp. 13-18. Habarugira, Gervais; Rukelibuga, Joseph; Nanyingi, Mark; Mushonga, Borden, “Bovine tuberculosis in Rwanda: Prevalence and economic impact evaluation by meat inspection at Société d’Abattoir de Nyabugogo-Nyabugogo Abattoir, Kigali”, Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, 85-1, 2014, 5 p. doi: 10.4102/jsava.v85i1.1062 Hitayezu, Patrick; Okello, Julius; Obel-Gor, Christopher, “Farm households' participation in rural non-farm employment in post-war Rwanda: Drivers and policy implications”, Development Southern Africa, 31-3, 2014, pp. 452-474. Huggins, Christopher, “‘Control grabbing' and small-scale agricultural intensification: emerging patterns of state-facilitated ‘agricultural investment’, in Rwanda”, Journal of Peasant Studies, 41-3, 2014, pp. 365-384. Kamana, Olivier; Ceuppens, Siele; Jacxsens, Liesbeth; et al., “Microbiological Quality and Safety Assessment of the Rwandan Milk and Dairy Chain”, Journal of Food Protection, 77-2, 2014, pp. 299-307. Kerkhoven, Peter Maarten, et al., Floriculture for the Republic of Rwanda: review study requested by the government of Rwanda, Netherlands: Tierra BV, 2014, 107 p. Klapwijk, C; Bucagu, C.; van Wijk, M.; Udo, H.; Vanlauwe, B.; Munyanziza, E.; Giller, K., “The 'One cow per poor family' programme: Current and potential fodder availability within smallholder farming systems in southwest Rwanda”, Agricultural Systems, 131, 2014, pp. 11-22. Mc Guinness, Shane; Taylor, David, “Farmers’ Perceptions and Actions to Decrease Crop Raiding by Forest-Dwelling Primates Around a Rwandan Forest Fragment”, Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 19-2, 2014, pp. 179-190. Mudatenguha, F.; Anena, J.; Kiptum, C.; Mashingaidze, A., “In situ rain water harvesting techniques increase maize growth and grain yield in a semi-arid agro-ecology of Nyagatare, Rwanda”, International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 16-5, 2014, pp. 996-1000. Mukantwali, Christine; Laswai, Henry; Tiisekwa, Bendantunguka; Wiehler, Simeon, “Microbial and heavy metal contamination of pineapple products processed by small and medium scale processing enterprises in Rwanda”, African Journal of Biotechnology, 13-39, 2014, pp. 3977-3984. Mukeshimana, Gerardine; Butare, Louis; Cregan, Perry; et al., “Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Drought Tolerance in Common Bean”, Crop Science, 54-3, 2014, pp. 923-938. Musaninkindi, Nadia; Muhinda, Jean Jacques Mbonigaba; Mochoge, Benson, Effect of Cattle manure, mineral fertilizer and rhizobium inoculation: ISFM and Climbing bean production in Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 88 p. Ndagijimana, Valery; et al., “In vitro effects of gibberellic acid and sucrose concentration on micropropagation of two elite sweet potato cultivars in Rwanda”, International

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Journal of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Research, 5-1, 2014, 6 p., DOI: 10.5897/IJBMBR2013.0178 Ndayambaje, J.; Mugiraneza, T.; Mohren, G., “Woody biomass on farms and in the landscapes of Rwanda”, Agroforestry Systems, 88-1, 2014, pp. 101-124 Nishimwe, K.; et al., “Assessment of nutritional status of cattle in Rwanda: A case of Huye District”, Livestock Research for Rural Development, 26-12, Art. 230, 2014, http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd26/12/nish26230.html Ntezilyayo, Anastase, “L'agriculture à l’horizon 2000 ou comment doubler la production vivrière au rwanda?”, Revue Tiers Monde, 220, 2014, pp. 179-199. Okello, J.; Sindi, K.; Low, J., “Consumer perceptions and demand for biofortified sweet potato-based biscuit: The case of Akarabo golden power biscuit in Rwanda”, African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 14-3, 2014, pp. 8941-8955. Rawlins, R.; Pimkina, S.; Barrett, C.; Pedersen, S.; Wydick, B., “Got milk? The impact of Heifer International's livestock donation programs in Rwanda on nutritional outcomes”, Food policy, 44, 2014, pp. 202-213. Rushemuka, N.; Bizoza, R.; Mowo, J.; Bock, L., “Farmers’ soil knowledge for effective participatory integrated watershed management in Rwanda: Toward soil-specific fertility management and farmers’ judgmental fertilizer use”, Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 183, 2014, pp. 145-159. Rushemuka, Pascal; Bock, Laurent; Mowo, Jeremias, “Soil science and agricultural development in Rwanda: state of the art, a review”, BASE: Biotechnologie, Agronomie, Société et Environnement, 18-1, 2014, pp. 142-154. Seburanga, J.; Kaplin, B.; Zhang, Q.; Gatesire, T., “Amenity trees and green space structure in urban settlements of Kigali, Rwanda”, Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 13-1, 2014, pp. 84-93. Vanlauwe, Bernard; Van Asten, Piet; Blomme, Guy (eds), Challenges and Opportunities for Agricultural Intensification of the Humid Highland Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa, Switzerland: Springer Link, 2014: Rushemuka, P.; et al., “Bridging the Soil Map of Rwanda with the ‘Farmer’s Mental Soil Map’ for an Effective Integrated and Participatory Watershed Management Research Model”, pp. 3-18; Gahakwa, D.; et al., “A Decade of Agricultural Research in Rwanda: Achievements and the Way Forward”, pp. 69-80; Musoni, A.; et al., “Innovations to Overcome Staking Challenges to Growing Climbing Beans by Smallholders in Rwanda”, pp 129-136. Ngaboyisonga, C., “Identification of Elite, High Yielding and Stable Maize Cultivars for Rwandan Mid-altitude Environments”, pp. 165-177; Shimelis, H.; et al., “Yield and yield components response of potato genotypes in selected agro-ecologies of Rwanda”, Research on Crops, 15-1, 2014, pp. 180-191. Janssens, M; et al., “Improvement of Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) Production with Fertilizer and Organic Inputs in Rwanda”, pp 201-215; Mutware, J.; Burger, K, “Factors Influencing the Adoption of Improved Rice Varieties in Rwanda: An Application of the Conditional Logit Model (CLM)”, pp 267-279;

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Mugabo, J.R.; et al., “Returns to Production of Common Bean, Soybean, and Groundnut in Rwanda”, pp. 323-334; Bizoza, A., “Institutions and the Adoption of Technologies: Bench Terraces in Rwanda”, pp. 335-354 Ngaboyisonga, C.; et al., “Agricultural Innovations That Increase Productivity and Generates Incomes: Lessons on Identification and Testing Processes in Rwandan Agricultural Innovation Platforms”, pp. 371-384. Uwimbabazi, Christine, The Contribution of agricultural exports to economic growth: Case study of Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 96 p. Van Damme, Julie; Ansoms, An; Baret, Philippe, “Agricultural innovation from above and from below: confrontation and integration on Rwanda's Hills”, African affairs, 113- 450, pp. 108-127. Verhofstadt, E.; Maertens, M., Can Agricultural Cooperatives Reduce Poverty? Hetero- geneous Impact of Cooperative Membership on Farmers' Welfare in Rwanda, Bioeconomics Working Paper 2014/2, Leuven: University of Leuven Geo-Institute, 2014, 24 p. Verhofstadt, E; Maertens, M., “Smallholder cooperatives and agricultural performance in Rwanda: do organizational differences matter?”, Agricultural Economics, 45-Sup. 1, 2014, pp. 39-52. Waldman, K.; Kerr, J.; Isaacs, K., “Combining participatory crop trials and experimental auctions to estimate farmer preferences for improved common bean in Rwanda”, Food Policy, 46, 2014, pp. 183-192. Zingiro, A.; Okello, J.; Guthiga, P., “Assessment of adoption and impact of rainwater harvesting technologies on rural farm household income: the case of rainwater harvesting ponds in Rwanda”, Environment Development and Sustainability, 16-6, 2014, pp. 1281-1298.

4.5 Caféiculture Lukanima, Benedicto; Swaray, Raymond, “Market Reforms and Commodity Price Volatility: The Case of East African Coffee Market”, The World Economy, 37-8, August 2014, pp. 1152-1185. Matsuura, Yu; Hosokawa, Takahiro; Serracin, Mario; et al., “Bacterial Symbionts of a Devastating Coffee Plant Pest, the Stinkbug Antestiopsis thunbergii (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)”, Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 80-12, 2014, pp. 3769-3775. Mukashema, A.; Veldkamp, A.; Vrieling, A., “Automated high resolution mapping of coffee in Rwanda using an expert Bayesian network”, International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 33, 2014, pp. 331-340. Murekezi, Abdoul; Jin, Songqing; Loveridge, Scott; et al., “Have coffee producers benefited from the new domestic cherry market? Evidence using panel data from Rwanda”, Agricultural Economics, 45-4, 2014, pp. 489-500. Mutimura, M.; Dusengemungu, L.; Bernard, M.; Gahakwa, D.; Ebong, C., “Household characteristics and livelihood strategies for beef enterprise development in eastern province of Rwanda”, Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 13-10, 2014, pp.

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644-651. Narayanan, Kannan, “Impact of Participatory Irrigation Management: Case Study: Cocurirwa Cooperative, Rwamagana Rice Project, Rwanda”, Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research, 1-3, 2014,doi.org/10.15406/apar.2014.01.00013 Nzeyimana, I.; Geissen, V.; Hartemink, A., “GIS-based multi-criteria analysis for Arabica coffee expansion in Rwanda”, PLoS ONE, 9-10, 2014, doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0107449 Ortiz-Miranda, Dionisio; Moragues-Faus, Ana, “Governing Fair Trade Coffee Supply: Dynamics and Challenges in Small Farmers' Organizations”, Sustainable Development, 7 July 2014, doi: 10.1002/sd.1570 Pinard, F.; Boffa, J.; Rwakagara, E., “Scattered shade trees improve low-input smallholder Arabica coffee productivity in the Northern Lake Kivu region of Rwanda”, Agroforestry Systems, 88-4, 2014, pp. 707-718.

4.6 Economie; finance —, “African deal of the year 2013: Republic of Rwanda”, Euromoney, 44-528, 2014, p. 78. Adera, Edith Ofwona; Waema, Timothy; May, Julian; Mascarenhas, Ophelia; Diga, Kathleen, ICT Pathways to Poverty Reduction: Empirical evidence from East and Southern Africa, Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 2014, 276 p. [Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda] Africa Research Bulletin: Economic, Financial and Technical Series: “East African Community: Monetary Union Protocol”, 50-11, January 2014, pp. 20191B- 20192A; “Kenya: The flagship rail project is dogged by controversy”, 51-2, April 2014, pp. 20319A- 20319C; “Pyrethrum: Rwanda”, 51-2, April 2014, pp. 20322A-20322B; “Tea: Rwanda”, 51-4, June 2014, pp. 20395B-20395C; “Africa-IMF: ‘Africa Rising’ Conference”, 51-5, July 2014, pp. 20420A-20422C; “EAC: Cutting Donor Dependency”, 51-5, July 2014, pp. 20405A-20406A; “African Development Bank: Annual Meeting (Kigali)”, 51-5, July 2014, pp. 20417C- 20420A; “East African Budgets: Focus on Infrastructure”, 51-6, August 2014, pp. 20439A-20440B; “Telecommunications: East African Community”, 51-6, August 2014, pp. 20463A-20463C; “East Africa: Commodity Exchange”, 51-6, August 2014, p. 20459C; “Rwanda”, 51-6, August 2014, pp. 20440C-20441B; “East African Community: Intra-bloc Trade Rises”, 51-8, October 2014, pp. 20513A-20514A; “Rwanda: Economic Update”, 51-8, October 2014, pp. 20523C-20524A; “World Bank: Doing Business 2015”, 51-10, December 2014, pp. 20586B-20587A; “East African Community: World Bank Infrastructure Loan”, 51-11, January 2015, p. 20621B Ansoms, An; Lemaître, Andreia; Murison, Jude, “Formaliser l’informel au Rwanda : des fours à briques et tuiles artisanaux aux fours modernes”, in Reyntjens, F.; Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris:

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L’Harmattan, 2014, pp. 405-426. Bahmani-Oskooee, Mohsen; Kones, Alice; Chang, Tsangyao, “Purchasing Power Parity in African Countries: Evidence from the Sequential Panel Selection Method”, Economic Papers: A Journal of Applied Economics and Policy, 33-3, 2014, pp. 295–304. Barstow, C.; et al., “Designing and piloting a program to provide water filters and improved cookstoves in Rwanda”, PLoS ONE, 9-3, 2014, e92403, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092403 Bashimubwabo, Jean Pierre, The impact of SACCOs on members’ socio-economic status: A case study of Huye SACCOs in Rwanda (2009-May2012), Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing 2014, 80 p. Boateng, Nana; et al., Public Financial Management in Infrastructure in Africa, OECD Development Centre Working Paper 323, Paris: OECD Publishing, 2014, 70 p. Cassimon, Danny; Verbeke, Karel, “The lasting effects of debt relief in the Great Lakes region”, in Reyntjens, Filip; Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, pp. 455-482. Charry, Luisa; Gupta, Pranav; Thakoor, Vimal, Introducing a Semi-Structural Macro- economic Model for Rwanda, IMF Working Paper 14/159, Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund, 2014, 37 p. Choumert, J.; Stage, J.; Uwera, J., “Access to water as determinant of rental values: A housing hedonic analysis in Rwanda”, Journal of Housing Economics, 26, 2014, pp. 48- 54. Clark, Will; Arnason, Birgir, Surging Investment and Declining Aid: Evaluating Debt Sustainability in Rwanda, IMF Working Paper 14/51, Washington, DC: IMF, 2014, 23 p. Clover, Jenny, “Rwandair Joins the Fray”, African Business, 410, 2014, pp. 42-43. Diga, Kathleen; Bizimana, Claude; Akorli, Felix Korbla; Bar, François, “Mobile phones and the food price crisis in Rwanda”, in Adera, Edith Ofwona; Waema, T.; May, Julian; Mascarenhas, Ophelia; Diga, Kathleen (eds), ICT Pathways to Poverty Reduction: Empirical Evidence from East and Southern Africa, Rugby, UK: Practical Action Publishing, 2014, pp. 159-178. Finnoff, Kade, “Decomposing inequality and poverty in post-war Rwanda: The roles of gender, education, wealth and location”, Development Southern Africa, 2014, 20 p. doi: 10.1080/0376835X.2014.984375 Gasangwa, Emmanuel, Socio-economic study of cassava value chain in Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 80 p. Habyarimana, Jean-Baptiste, What Determines Household Food Consumption in Rwanda? A Panel Data Analysis, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 164 p. Haslett, Emma, “Rwanda Transformed”, Management Today, 4, 2014, pp. 32-37. Karasira, Alain, The Sustainability of Rapid Growth in Post-Genocide Rwanda: An analysis of the production and trade structure, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 64 p.

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Kelly, Steven; Palmucci, John, “Building a Legacy of Performance Improvement in Rwanda”, Performance Improvement, 53-8, 2014, pp. 6-18. Kiptum, Clement Kiprotich; Hatangimana, Valentin; Niyonagira, Dorcas; Nyirahabi- mana, Seraphine, “Physical Properties of Clay and Bricks in Nyagatare, Rwanda”, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, 11-2, 2014, pp. 97-100. Lamarque, Hugh, “Fuelling the Borderland: Power and Petrol in Goma and Gisenyi”, Articulo: Journal of Urban Research, 10, 2014, DOI : 10.4000/articulo.2540 Magu, Stephen Macharia, Political Economy, Social Development and Conflict in Africa, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 192 p. Martin, Adrian; Gross-Camp, Nicole; Kebede, Bereket; et al., “Measuring effectiveness, efficiency and equity in an experimental payments for Ecosystem Services trial”, Global Environmental Change: Human And Policy Dimensions, 28, 2014, pp. 216-226. Munanura, Ian; Backman, Kenneth; Moore, DeWayne; Hallo, Jeffrey; Powell, Robert, “Household Poverty Dimensions Influencing Forest Dependence at Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda: An Application of the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework”, Natural Resources, 5-16, 2014, pp. 1031-1047. Mupende, Emmanuel, NGOS' Contribution To Poverty Reduction In Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 76 p. Nsanzabiga, Eugène, Impact socio-économique de l'industrie du livre au Rwanda, Internet: Editions universitaires européennes, 2014, 236 p. OECD, “Indicateurs de l'aide, du commerce et du développement pour le Rwanda”, in OECD/WTO, Panorama de l'aide pour le commerce 2013: se connecter aux chaînes de valeur, WTO/OECD 2014, doi:10.1787/aid_glance-2013-72-fr Rabaud, Isabelle, “Gains à l’échange de services pour les pays africains: mythe ou réalité ?”, Revue française d'économie, 29, 2014, pp. 103-142. Samuragwa, Jean, The Contribution of Financial Institutions in Promoting Private Investments in Rwanda, Munich: GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2014, 72 p. Sayinzoga, Aussi; Bulte, Erwin; Lensink, Robert, “Financial Literacy and Financial Behaviour: Experimental Evidence from Rural Rwanda”, The Economic Journal, 2014, doi: 10.1111/ecoj.12217 Swedlund, Haley, “Assessing the promises of budget support: case study evidence from Rwanda”, in Ndulo, Muna; Van de Walle, Nicolas (eds), Problems, Promises, and Paradoxes of Aid Africa's Experience, Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars, 2014, pp. 238-260. Temel, Tugrul, “Family Planning, Growth, Income Distribution: Graph-Theoretic Path Analysis of Rwanda”, Journal of economic development, 39-1, 2014, pp. 1-46. Ulrich, Lena; Thomas, Ronald, “Building National Competitive Advantage: Rwanda's Lessons from Singapore”, Thunderbird International Business Review, 56-3, 2014, pp. 227-242. Wallace, Paul, “Rwanda's banking sector heats up”, Banker, 164-1063, 2014, pp. 73-74. Yabara, Masafumi, “Assessing exchange rate dynamics of East Africa: fragmented or integrated?”, Macroeconomics and Finance in Emerging Market Economies, 7-1, 2014,

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pp. 154-174.

4.7 Tourisme Alluri, Rina; Leicher, Martina; Palme, Karsten; Joras, Ulrike, “Understanding Economic Effects of Violent Conflicts on Tourism: Empirical Reflections from Croatia, Rwanda and Sri Lanka”, in Wohlmuther, Cordula; Wintersteiner, Werner (eds), International Handbook on Tourism and Peace, Klagenfurt, Austria: Drava Verlag, 2004, pp.101- 119. Anbalagan, K.; Lovelock, B., “The potential for coffee tourism development in Rwanda ? Neither black nor white”, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14-1/2, 2014, pp. 81-96. Janne d'Othée, François; Labourdette, Jean-Paul; Auzias, Dominique; et al., Rwanda: Petit futé country guide, Paris: Nouvelles éditions de l'Université, 2014, 239 p. Okello, M.; Novelli M., “Tourism in the East African Community (EAC): Challenges, opportunities, and ways forward”, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 14-1/2, 2014, pp. 53-66. Spencer, J-P.; Safari, E.; Dakora, E., “An evaluation of the tourism value-chain as an alternative to socio-economic development in Rwanda, Africa”, African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance, 20-2, 2014, pp. 569-583. Willis, Emma, Theatricality, dark tourism and ethical spectatorship: absent others, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan 2014, 237 p. [Cambodia, Germany, New Zealand, Poland, Rwanda, Vietnam]

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5 Société

5.1 Société

Bari, M., “The study of the possibility of switching driving side in Rwanda”, The European Transport Research Review, 6-4, 2014, pp. 439-453. Chirisa, Innocent; Kawadza, Shingai; Bandauko, Elmond, “Answering to the domesti- cability of exotic options and strategies in managing Africa’s urban landscapes for sustainability beyond 2015”, SpringerPlus, 3-241, 2014, doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-241. Jain, Nitin, “Lessons from Rwanda”, in Cross, Piers; Coombes, Yolande (eds), Sanitation and hygiene in Africa: where do we stand? Analysis from the AfricaSan Conference, London: IWA Publishing, pp. 105-112. King, Regine; Dudziak, Suzanne; Kalinganire, Charles, “North-South social work partnership: strengthening the development of social work in Rwanda”, Transnational Social Review, 4-2/3, 2014, pp. 137-151. Mann, Laura; Nzayisenga, Elie, “Sellers on the street: the human infrastructure of the mobile phone network in Kigali, Rwanda”, Critical African Studies, 2, 2014, pp. 1-21 DOI:10.1080/21681392.2015.974136 Mutagoma, Mwumvaneza; et al.,“Estimation of the size of the female sex worker population in Rwanda using three different methods”, International Journal of STD & AIDS, 2014, doi: 10.1177/0956462414555931 Okurut, K.; Charles, K., “Household demand for sanitation improvements in low-income informal settlements: A case of East African cities”, Habitat International, 44, 2014, pp. 332-338. Protestant Institute of Arts and Social Sciences, Drug Abuse and Addiction in Rwanda: Can Rwanda win the war on its own?, Huye: PIASS, 2014, 219 p. Protestant Institute of Arts and Social Sciences, Family, Gender and Community Development, Huye: PIASS, 2014, 221 p. Rice, Xan, “Rwanda cuts disaster risk at the site of a potential explosion”, in Andrews Henningfeld, Diane (ed), Disasters, Detroit, MI: Greenhaven Press, 2014. Rosa, Ghislaine; Majorin, Fiona; Boisson, Sophie; et al., “Assessing the Impact of Water Filters and Improved Cook Stoves on Drinking Water Quality and Household Air Pollution: A Randomised Controlled Trial in Rwanda”, PLoS ONE, 9-3, 2014, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091011 Ruterana, Pierre Canisius, “Reflections on Societal Reading: The Case of Rwanda”, Journal of Pan African Studies, 6-8, 2014, pp. 170-185. Sho, Yutaka, “Looking Like Developed: Aesthetics and Ethics in Rwandan Housing Projects”, Journal of Architectural Education, 68-2, 2014, pp. 199-208.

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Tsinda, Aimé, La vulnérabilité face aux risques environnementaux à Kigali-Rwanda: enjeux, facteurs et réponses sociales, Internet: Éditions universitaires européennes, 2014, 216 p.

5.2 Femmes; genre Anderson, Miriam; Swiss, Liam, “Peace Accords and the Adoption of Electoral Quotas for Women in the Developing World, 1990-2006”, Politics & Gender, 10-1, 2014, pp. 33-61. Brounéus, Karen, “The Women and Peace Hypothesis in Peacebuilding Settings: Attitudes of Women in the Wake of the Rwandan Genocide”, Signs: Journal of Women in Culture & Society, 40-1, 2014, pp. 125-151. Brown, Sara, “Female Perpetrators of the Rwandan Genocide”, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 16-3, 2014, pp. 448-469. Doyle, Kate; Kato-Wallace, Jane; Kazimbaya, Shamsi; Barker, Gary, “Transforming gender roles in domestic and caregiving work: preliminary findings from engaging fathers in maternal, newborn, and child health in Rwanda”, Gender & Development, 22- 3, 2014, pp. 515-531. Finnstrom, Sverker, “Genocide Lives in Us: Women, Memory, and Silence in Rwanda”, PoLAR: Political and Legal Anthropology Review, 37-2, 2014, pp. 371-375. Hindin, Michelle, “Adolescent Childbearing and Women's Attitudes Towards Wife Beating in 25 Sub-Saharan African Countries”, Maternal & Child Health Journal, 18-6, 2014, pp. 1488-1495. Holmes, Georgina, “Gendering the Rwanda Defence Force: A Critical Assessment”, Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding, 52-4, 2014, pp. 684-686. Hunt, Swanee, “The Rise of Rwanda's Women: Rebuilding and Reuniting a Nation”, Foreign Affairs, 93-3, 2014, pp. 150-157. Kayigema, Vincent; Rugege, Denis, “Women's perceptions of the Girinka (one cow per poor family) programme, poverty alleviation and climate resilience in Rwanda”, Agenda, 28-3, September 2014, pp. 53-64. Levtov, Ruti Galia; Barker, Gary; Contreras-Urbina, Manuel; Heilman, Brian; Verma, Ravi, “Pathways to Gender-equitable Men: Findings from the International Men and Gender Equality Survey in Eight Countries”, Men & Masculinities, 17-5, 2014, pp. 467- 501 [Bosnia, Brazil, Chile, Croatia, DRCongo, India, Mexico, Rwanda] Nix, Emily; Gamberoni, Elisa; Heath, Rachel, Bridging the gap: identifying what is holding self-employed women back in Ghana, Rwanda, Tanzania, the Republic of Congo, and Uganda, Policy Research Working Paper 6946, Washington DC: The World Bank, 2014, 23 p. Nock, Stephen; Dusenge, Angélique; Pro-femmes Twese Hamwe; VSO Rwanda, L'égalité entre les sexes dans l'enseignement et l'administration de l'éducation: Rapport de recherche qualitative et participative réalisée par Pro-femmes Twese Hamwe et VSO Rwanda, Kigali/London: VSO International, 2014, 78 p.

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Nzohabonimana, Daniel, “CMU Rwanda Sees Women Embrace ICT Field”, Women in Higher Education, 23-9, 2014, 3 p., doi: 10.1002/whe.20103 Skafte, Ina; Silberschmidt, Margrethe, “Female gratification, sexual power and safer sex: female sexuality as an empowering resource among women in Rwanda”, Culture, Health & Sexuality, 16-1, 2014, pp. 1-13. Tumwebaze, Joy, Rwanda Female Ex-combatants’ Lived Experiences and Community Perceptions toward Them, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 96 p. Uwimbabazi, P.; Bayisenge, F., “Gender and Community Development in Rwanda: Learning from the Policy and Practice of Umuganda in Huye District”, PIASS Series, Series 5, 2014, pp. 189-211. World Bank, Promoting economic empowerment of adolescent women and young girls project: Rwanda baseline survey summary report, Washington DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, 2014. 22 p.

5.3 Enfants; adolescents Agaku, I.; Ayo-Yusuf, O.; Vardavas, C.; Connolly, G., “Predictors and patterns of cigarette and smokeless tobacco use among adolescents in 32 countries, 2007-2011”, The Journal of Adolescent Health, 54-1, 2014, pp. 47-53. Boateng, Arnold, The African Youth Question: Issues, Actors and Solutions, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform Space, 2014, 250 p. Habyarimana, Faustin; Zewotir, Temesgen; Ramroop, Shaun, “A Proportional Odds Model with Complex Sampling Design to Identify Key Determinants of Malnutrition of Children under Five Years in Rwanda”, Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 5- 23, 2014, doi: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n23p1642 Hron, Madelaine, “‘Pleasantly Easy’: Discourses of the Suffering Child in Rwanda Postgenocide”, Journal of Literature and Trauma Studies, 2-1/2, 2014, pp. 27-44. Le Courtois, Sandra, “Justice and reparations for Rwanda's enfants mauvais souvenirs”, in Buss, Doris; Lebert, Joanne; Rutherford, Blair; Sharkey, Donna; Aginam, Obijiofor (eds), Sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict societies: international agendas and African contexts, New York: Routledge, 2014. Kayiranga, Gaston; Mukashema, Immaculée, “Psychosocial Factor of Being Street Children in Rwanda”, Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 140-3, 2014, pp. 522- 527. McLean Hilker, Lyndsay, “Navigating adolescence and young adulthood in Rwanda during and after genocide: intersections of ethnicity, gender and age”, Children’s Geographies, 12-3, 2014, pp. 354-368 Michielsen, K.; Remes, P.; Rugabo, J.; Van Rossem, R.; Temmerman, M., “Rwandan young people's perceptions on sexuality and relationships: results from a qualitative study using the 'mailbox technique'”, Sahara, 11-1, 2014, pp. 51-60. Ng, Lauren; Kanyanganzi, Frederick; Munyanah, Morris; Mushashi, Christine; Betancourt, Theresa; Denson, Tom, “Developing and Validating the Youth Conduct Problems Scale-Rwanda: A Mixed Methods Approach”, PLoS ONE, 9-6, 2014, doi:

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10.1371/journal.pone.0100549 Nyegue, F.; Lamboulle, B.; Fort, L., “The enigma of the psychic bonds between genocidary survivors and the torturers abandoned children whom the first adopt in Rwanda”, European Psychiatry, 29, SUPP/1, 2014, doi: org/10.1016/S0924- 9338(14)78429-9 Pells, Kirrily; Pontalti, Kirsten; Timothy, Williams, “Promising developments? Children, youth and post-genocide reconstruction under the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF)”, Journal of Eastern African Studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 294-310. Sagahutu, Jean Baptiste; Struthers, Patricia, “Psychosocial Environmental Barriers to School Attendance among Children with Disabilities in Two Community Based Rehabilitation in Rwanda”, Advances in Applied Sociology, 4-6, 2014, pp. 149-155. Unterhitzenberger, Johanna; Rosner, Rita, “Lessons from writing sessions: a school- based randomized trial with adolescent orphans in Rwanda”, European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5:24917, 2014, doi: 10.3402/ejpt.v5.24917 Van Nuil, J.; et al., "Let's talk about sex": a qualitative study of Rwandan adolescents' views on sex and HIV”, PloS one, 9-8, 2014, e102933

5.4 Éducation Croché, Sarah, “La production sociale de la vérité: le cas de l'enseignement au Sénégal et au Rwanda”, Education et société, 33-1, 2014, pp. 97-111. Desrosiers, Marie-Eve; Thomson, Susan, “Experiential learning in challenging settings: lessons from post-genocide Rwanda”, in Tiessen, Rebecca; Huish, Robert (eds), Globetrotting or global citizenship? Perils and potential of international experiential learning, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2014, pp. 140-160. Duruz, Grégoire; Ingelaere, Bert, “Silence, incredulity and disarray: youth experiences of history education in contemporary Rwanda”, in Reyntjens, Filip, Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, pp. 385-404. Gray Michael, “Twenty years on: Finding a place for the Rwandan genocide in education”, Cultural Education, 25-5, 2014, pp. 391-404. Hewit, Scot; New, Abigail Bragg, “Emerging technology in the schools of Rwanda”, in Lloyd, Les (ed), Educational technology for the global village: worldwide innovation and best practices, Medford, NJ: Information Today, 2014, ch. 10. Kabayiza, Barnabé, Exploring the collaborative role of government and the Catholic Church in education decentralization in Rwanda: a case study of two secondary schools in Nyarugenge District, Internet: Scholars' Press, 2014, 164 p. Karangwa, E., “Towards Inclusive Education in Rwanda: An assessment of the socio- political contributors to Inclusive Education developments”, Rwandan Journal of Education, 2-1, 2014, pp. 46-60. King, Elisabeth, From classrooms to conflict in Rwanda, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014 (i.e. dec. 2013), 224 p.

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Kiptum, Clement; Uwiduhaye, Fabrice; Rutto, Daniel, “Assessing the Relationship between Skills Acquisition and Application on the Job by Pioneer Graduates of Building and Construction Department, Umutara Polytechnic, Rwanda”, British Journal of Education, Society & Behavioural Science, 4-10, 2014, pp. 1334-1341. Krogull, Susanne; Rwambonera, François; Scheunpflug, Annette, Teaching social competencies in post-conflict societies: a contribution to peace in society and quality in learner-centered education, Münster: Westf Waxmann, 2014, 132 p. Mathisen, Jay, Education Reform in Rwanda: Impacts of Genocide and Reconstruction on School Systems, Internet: Scholar’s Press, 2014, 148 p. Mbassana, Elie, Learning Organisation and Sustainable Competitive Advantage: The Case of Universities in Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing 2014, 244 p. Mutwarasibo, F.; Ruterana, P.; Andersson, I., “Boundary crossing between higher education and the world of work: a case study in post-1994 Rwanda”, Higher Education Research and Development, 33-5, 2014, pp. 962-977. Mutwarasibo, Faustin, “Promoting University Students' Engagement in Learning Through Instructor-Initiated EFL Writing Groups”, TESOL Journal, 5-4, 2014, pp. 721- 742. Ndagijimana, Jean-Baptiste, Facteurs de la faible motivation et leurs effets sur l'appren- tissage: Cas des élèves-maîtres de l'Ecole Normale Primaire (ENP/TTC) au Rwanda, Internet: Presses Académiques Francophones, 2014, 284 p. Ndayambaje, Irénée, “Facing ICTs and e-learning environment: An investigation from the graduates registered in the first batch of e-learners under PanAfrican Tele-Education programs in Rwanda”, Rwandan Journal of Education, 2-1, 2014, pp. 61-69. Ndayambaje, Irénée; Orodho, John Aluko, “Provision and Usage of Computer and Internet Facilities at the College of Education of the University of Rwanda”, IOSR Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 19-3, 2014, pp. 13-20. Nduwayo, Leonard, Une nouvelle page de la nouvelle université rwandaise: de Georges- Henri Lévesque à Mike O'Neil, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, 256 p. Nizeyimana, Gabriel; Osman, Ruksana, “Student teachers’ academic backgrounds and beliefs about teaching: Predicting student engagement and performance in a developing country”, Education as Change, 18, 2014, pp. 77-90. Nsanzabiga, E., “ Six years of inclusive education at the University of Rwanda-College of Education: evaluation and perspectives”, Rwandan Journal of Education, 2-1, 2014, pp. 30-45. Nsengimana, Théophile; Ozawa, Hiroaki; Chikamori, Kensuke, “The Implementation of the New Lower Secondary Science Curriculum in Three Schools in Rwanda”, African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 18-1, 2014, pp. 75-86. Nzabalirwa, Wenceslas, “Rwanda: An Overview”, in Wolhuter, C. (ed), Education in East and Central Africa, London/New York: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. Pearson, Pamela, “Policy without a plan: English as a medium of instruction in Rwanda”,

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Current Issues in Language Planning, 15-1, 2014, pp. 39-56. Rwabyoma, S., “The potential of endogenous learning approaches to gender and development studies in Rwanda”, Rwandan Journal of Education, 2-1, 2014, pp 70-83. Sindambiwe, Pierre; Mbabazi, Donah, “Triad problematic of youth entrepreneurship: Voices from university students”, International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach & Studies, 1-6, 2014, pp. 462-476. Williams, Timothy; Abbott, Pamela; Mupenzi, Alfred, “‘Education at our school is not free’: The hidden costs of fee-free schooling in Rwanda, Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 1, 2014, pp. 1-22

5.5 Langues Kayigema, Jacques Lwaboshi; Mutasa, Davie, “The cohabitation of three official languages in Post-Genocide Rwanda: Kinyarwanda, English and French”, South African Journal of African Languages, 34-2, 2014, pp. 235-245. Koomen, Jonneke, “Language Work at International Criminal Courts”, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 16-4, 2014, pp. 581-600. Munyankesha, Pascal, Les défis du plurilinguisme officiel au Rwanda: Analyse sociolinguistique, Internet: Presses Académiques Francophones, 2014, 284 p. Niyomugabo, Cyprien, La glottopolitique du Rwanda: contribution à une sociolin- guistique éducative, Internet: Éditions universitaires européennes, 2014, 440 p. Schneider, Edgar, “New reflections on the evolutionary dynamics of world Englishes”, World Englishes, 33-1, 2014, pp. 9-32. Zeller, Jochen; Ngoboka, Jean-Paul, “On Parametric Variation in Bantu, with Particular Reference to Kinyarwanda”, Transactions of the Philological Society, 9 May 2014, doi: 10.1111/1467-968X.12048

5.6 Médias Baisley Elizabeth, “Genocide and constructions of Hutu and Tutsi in radio propaganda”, Race and Class, 55-3, 2014, pp. 38-59. Boshya, Steven Mutangana, La communication pour la valorisation du patrimoine culturel du Rwanda: Création d'une radio culturelle à Nyanza, Internet: Éditions universitaires européennes, 2014, 132 p. Dukulizimana, Jean Fichery, A Critical Assessment of Media Effects: Radio for Peacebuilding in Post-genocide Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing 2014, 172 p. Harber, Anton; Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ), Legacy of Rwanda genocide includes media restrictions, self-censorship, CPJ, 2014, 26 p. http://cpj.org/x/5e23 Longman, Timothy, “The uses and abuses of media: Rwanda before and after the genocide”, in Ramirez-Barat, Clara (ed), Transitional justice, culture, and society : beyond outreach, New York : Social Science Research Council, 2014, pp. 245-277.

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Rau, Milo; Wolters, Nina; Wengorz, Kristina; International Institute of Political Murder, Hate Radio: Materialien, Dokumente, Theorie, Berlin: Verbrecher Verlag, 2014: Bossart, Rolf; Rau, Milo, “Wenn aus Wasser Eis wird”; Laberenz, Lennart, “Der ruandische Genozid 1994”; Dietrich, Jens, “Bei Valérie Bemeriki”; Frère, Marie-Soleil, “Radio Vérité”; Chalk, Frank, “Radio RTLM und der Genozid in Ruanda : eine vorläufige Untersuchung einiger Erfahrungen”; Mugiraneza, Assumpta, “Der Genozid an den Tutsi und seine Sprache”; Rugamba, Dorcy, “Die verwöhnten Kinder der dritten Welt”; Foucault, Sébastien; Remacle, Julie, “Über Georges Ruggiu”; Nkusi, Nancy; Graton, Elise, "Das war für mich eine Art Feuertaufe"; Rau, Milo, “Hate Radio”; Wahl, Christine; Rau, Milo, “Die Wahrheit der Wiederholung”; Rau, Milo, “Hundert Abende”. Roozen, Brittnea; Shulman, Hillary, “Tuning in to the RTLM: Tracking the Evolution of Language Alongside the Rwandan Genocide Using Social Identity Theory”, Journal of Language & Social Psychology, 33-2, 2014, pp. 165-182. Yanagizawa-Drott, David, “Propaganda vs. Education: A Case Study of Hate Radio in Rwanda”, in Auerbach, Jonathan; Castronovo, Russ (eds), The Oxford handbook of propaganda studies, New York: Oxford University Press 2014, doi: 10.1093/ oxfordhb/9780199764419.013.018

5.7 Églises; religion Bamidele, Oluwaseun, “Is there space in between? Religion and armed conflict in African states”, African Security Review, 23-1, 2014, pp. 34-52 [Nigeria, Uganda, Sudan, Somalia, Rwanda] Cantrell, Phillip, “We were a chosen people: The East African revival and its return to post-genocide Rwanda”, Church History, 83-2, 2014, pp. 422-445. Gaito, Vania Lucia, Il genocidio del Rwanda: il ruolo della Chiesa cattolica, Rome: L'asino d'oro edizioni, 2014, 157 p. Gushee, David, “Remembering Rwanda: Lessons from the church's complicity in genocide”, in Idem, In the fray: contesting Christian public ethics, 1994-2013, Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2014, pp. 52-57. Katongole, Emmanuel, “A Blood Thicker than the Blood of Tribalism”: Eucharist and Identity in African Politics”, Modern Theology, 30-2, 2014, pp. 319–325. Kubai, Anne, “Reinventing ‘tradition’: social reconstruction and development in post- genocide Rwanda”, in Drønen, Tomas Sundnes (ed), Religion and development: Nordic perspectives on involvement in Africa, New York : Peter Lang, 2014. Nshogoza, Francois-Xavier, Rwanda 1994-2014: L'Eglise et la société dans la tourmente face au génocide, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, 297 p.

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6 Santé publique

6.1 Administration; économie

Allen, N.; et al., “Evaluating leadership, management, and governance capacity building in Rwanda”, Annals of Global Health, 80-3,May-June 2014, p. 235. Bergh, Anne-Marie; Kerber, Kate; Abwao, Stella; et al., “Implementing facility-based kangaroo mother care services: lessons from a multi-country study in Africa”, BMC Health Services Research, 14-293, 2014, doi:10.1186/1472-6963-14-293 Binagwaho, Agnes; Farmer, Paul; Nsanzimana, Sabin; et al., “Rwanda 20 years on: investing in life”, Lancet, 384-9940, 2014, pp. 371-375. Binagwaho, Agnes, “Twenty years of improving access to healthcare in Rwanda”, in Omaswa, Francis; Crisp, Nigel (eds), African Health Leaders: Making Change and Claiming the Future, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014. Binagwaho, Agnes; Muhimpundu, Marie Aimee; Bukhman, Gene, “80 under 40 by 2020: an equity agenda for NCDs and injuries”, Lancet, 383-9911, pp. 3-4. Burchett, Helen; Mounier-Jack, Sandra; Torres-Rueda, Sergio; et al., “The impact of introducing new vaccines on the health system: Case studies from six low- and middle- income countries”, Vaccine, 32-48, 2014, pp. 6505-6512. Burgert, Clara; Bradley, Sara; Arnold, Fred; et al., “Improving estimates of insecticide- treated mosquito net coverage from household surveys: using geographic coordinates to account for endemicity”, Malaria Journal, 13, 2014, doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13-254 Condo, Jeanine; Mugeni, Catherine; Naughton, Brienna; Hall, Kathleen; et al., “Rwanda's evolving community health worker system: a qualitative assessment of client and provider perspectives”, Human Resources for Health, 12-1, 2014, pp. 105-119. DOI: 10.1186/1478-4491-12-71. Drobac, P.; Naughton, B., “Health Equity in Rwanda”, Harvard International Review, 35-4, 2014, pp. 57-61. Early, Jessica, “The change in Rwanda”, in Gordon, Suzanne; Feldman, David; Leonard, Andrea; Jackson, Michael (eds), Collaborative caring: stories and reflections on teamwork in health care, Ithaca/London : ILR Press, 2014 Feltes, Erich, “Das Kibogora-Hospital in Ruanda”, Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, 3-1, 2014, pp. 50-52 Gasasira, Jean Damascene, Rwanda Family Planning Policy and Practice: Nuhima Sector Case Study, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 104 p. Havugitanga, P.; Brysiewicz, P., “Exploring healthcare professionals’ perceptions regar- ding family-witnessed resuscitation in a hospital in Kigali, Rwanda”, Southern African

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Journal of Critical Care, 30-1, 2014, pp. 18-21. Holvoet, N.; Inberg, L., “Taking stock of monitoring and evaluation systems in the health sector: findings from Rwanda and Uganda”, Health Policy and Planning, 29-4, 2014, pp. 506-516. Igras, S.; Sinai, I.; Mukabatsinda, M.; Ngabo, F.; Jennings, V.; Lundgren, R., “Systems approach to monitoring and evaluation guides scale up of the Standard Days Method of family planning in Rwanda”, Global Health: Science and Practice, 2-2, 2014, pp. 234- 244. Ingabire, Allen; Byiringiro, Jean Claude; Calland, James; et al., “Using a Trauma Registry and Quality Indicators to Evaluate Trauma Care in Rwanda”, Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 219-3, Supplement: S, 2014, p.1 05. Ingabire, Chantal; Alaii, Jane; Hakizimana, Emmanuel; Kateera, Fredrick; et al., “Community mobilization for malaria elimination: application of an open space methodology in Ruhuha sector, Rwanda”, Malaria Journal, 13-1, 2014, 16 p. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-167. Kajungu, Dan; Erhart, Annette; Talisuna, Ambrose Otau; et al., “Paediatric Pharmaco- vigilance: Use of Pharmacovigilance Data Mining Algorithms for Signal Detection in a Safety Dataset of a Paediatric Clinical Study Conducted in Seven African Countries”, PLoS ONE, 9-5, 2014, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096388. Kateera, F.; et al., “Towards achieving malaria pre-elimination status in Eastern Rwanda: Use of an integrated community focused model”, International Journal of Infectious Diseases: Supplement 1, 21, 2014, p. 164, doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.764 Langston, A; et al., “Plausible role for CHW peer support groups in increasing care- seeking in an integrated community case management project in Rwanda: a mixed methods evaluation”, Global Health: Science and Practice, 2-3, 2014, pp. 342-354. Laurance, Jeremy, “Philip Cotton: building a medical college in Rwanda”, Lancet, 383- 9923, 2014, p. 1119. Lu, Chunling; Tsai, Sandy; Ruhumuriza, John; Umugiraneza, Grace; et al., “Tracking Rural Health Facility Financial Data in Resource-Limited Settings: A Case Study from Rwanda”, PLoS Medicine, 11-12, 2014, 7 p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001763. Maheu-Giroux, Mathieu; Castro, Marcia, “Factors affecting providers' delivery of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy: a five-country analysis of national service provision assessment surveys”, Malaria Journal, 13-1, 2014, 23 p. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-13-440 [Kenya, Namibia, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda] Maine, Rebecca; Riviello, Elisabeth; Bush, Charles; et al., “Use of a Simplified Data Monitoring Tool Improves Prospective Outcomes Monitoring at a District Hospital In Rwanda”, Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 219-3, 2014, p. 59. Manzi, Anatole; Magge, Hema; Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany; Michaelis, Annie; et al., “Clinical mentorship to improve pediatric quality of care at the health centers in rural Rwanda: a qualitative study of perceptions and acceptability of health care workers”, BMC Health Services Research, 14-1, 2014, pp. 642-660. Manzi, Anatole; Munyaneza, Fabien; Mujawase, Francisca; et al., “Assessing predictors of delayed antenatal care visits in Rwanda: a secondary analysis of Rwanda

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demographic and health survey 2010”, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 14-290, 2014, doi:10.1186/1471-2393-14-290 McPherson, Dacia; Balisanga, Helene; Mbabazi, Jennifer, “Bridging the accountability divide: male circumcision planning in Rwanda as a case study in how to merge divergent operational planning approaches”, Health Policy and Planning, 29-7, 2014, pp. 883-892. Moosa, Shabir; Downing, Raymond; Essuman, Akye; et al., “African leaders’ views on critical human resource issues for the implementation of family medicine in Africa”, Human Resources for Health, 12, 2014, 13 p. doi:10.1186/1478-4491-12-2 Munyaneza, Fabien; et al., “Leveraging community health worker system to map a mountainous rural district in low resource setting: a low-cost approach to expand use of geographic information systems for public health”, International Journal of Health Geographics, 13-1, 2014, 16 p. DOI: 10.1186/1476-072X-13-49. Nisingizwe, Marie-Paul; et al., “Toward utilization of data for program management and evaluation: quality assessment of five years of health management information system data in Rwanda”, Global Health Action, 7, 2014, 11 p. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 3402/gha.v7.25829. Nkurikiyimfura, Jean-Luc; Mugeni, Regine; Krakaeur, Eric, “Palliative Care Needs among Inpatients at a Referral Hospital in Rwanda”, Journal of Palliative Care, 30-3, 2014, p. 237. Noltze, Martin; Gaisbauer, Felix; Schwedersky, Thomas; Krapp, Stefanie, “Contribution analysis as an evaluation strategy in the context of a sector-wide approach: Performance-based health financing in Rwanda”, African Evaluation Journal, 2-1, 2014, 8 p., doi: 10.4102/aej.v2i1.81. Nzabahimana, Innocent; Sebasirimu, Sabin; Gatabazi, John; Ruzindana, Emmanuel; et al., “Innovative strategies for a successful SLMTA country programme: The Rwanda story”, African Journal of Laboratory Medicine, 3-2, 2014, 6 p. doi: org/10. 4102/ajlm. v3i2.217 Nzabahimana, Innocent; Sebasirimu, S.; Muvunyi, C.; Kayobotsi, C.; Serumondo, J., “Improving the quality of laboratory systems through Strengthening Laboratory Management Towards Accreditation (SLMTA) in Rwanda, 2010-2013”, International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 1-21, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.03.1216 Pascasie, Kagobora; Mtshali, Ntombifikile Gloria, “A descriptive analysis of emergency department overcrowding in a selected hospital in Kigali, Rwanda”, African Journal of Emergency Medicine, 44, 2014, pp. 178-183. Petroze Robin; et al., “Estimating pediatric surgical need in developing countries: a household survey in Rwanda”, Journal of Pediatric Surgery, 49-7, 2014, pp. 1092- 1098. Petroze, Robin; Byiringiro, Jean Claude; Kyamanywa, Patrick; Ntakiyiruta, Georges; Calland, Forrest; Sawyer, Robert, “Infectious Outcomes Assessment for Health System Strengthening in Low-Resource Settings: The Novel Use of a Trauma Registry in Rwanda”, Surgical Infections, 15-4, 2014, pp. 382-386. Rwandan Research and Implementation Writing Group, “Building health research

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infrastructure in Rwanda”, The Lancet Global Health, 2-1, 2014, pp. e9-e10. Shelton, James D.; Hodgins, Stephen, “The Human Resources for Health Program in Rwanda” New England Journal of Medicine, 370-10, 2014, p. 981. Cf. Binagwaho, Agnes; Farmer, Paul, “The Human Resources for Health Program in Rwanda: Reply”, New England Journal of Medicine, 370-10, 2014, pp. 981-982. Shulman, Lawrence N.; Mpunga, Tharcisse; Tapea, Neo; et al., “Bringing cancer care to the poor: experiences from Rwanda”, Nature Reviews Cancer, 14-12, 2014, pp. 815- 821. Swain, JaBaris; Pugliese, Daniel; Mucumbitsi, Joseph; et al., “Partnership for Sustai- nability in Cardiac Surgery to Address Critical Rheumatic Heart Disease in Sub- Saharan Africa: The Experience from Rwanda”, World Journal of Surgery, 38-9, 2014, pp. 2205-2211. Uwizeye, Willy, Performance-Based Funding and Health Service Delivery in Rwanda, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 80 p.

6.2 Enseignement; training Cancedda, Corrado; Farmer, Paul; Kyamanywa, Patrick; et al., “Enhancing Formal Educational and In-Service Training Programs in Rural Rwanda: A Partnership Among the Public Sector, a Nongovernmental Organization, and Academia”, Academic Medicine, 89-8, 2014, pp. 1117-1124. Condo, Jeanine; et al., “Building clinical trial priorities at the University of Rwanda”, Trials, 15-1, 2014, pp. 2-7. Deckelbaum, Dan; et al., “An innovative paradigm for surgical education programs in resource-limited settings”, Canadian Journal of Surgery, 57-5, 2014, pp. 298-299. Ingabire, Rosine; Karita, Etienne; Ahmed, Nurilign; et al., “Capacity Strengthening and Training of Government Nurses on Long-acting Reversible Contraceptive (LARC) Methods in Kigali, Rwanda”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, p. A101. Jessani, Nasreen; Lewy, Daniela; Ekirapa-Kiracho, Elizabeth; Bennett, Sara, “Insti- tutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African schools of public health: experiences with a capacity assessment tool”, Health Research Policy & Systems, 12-1, 24p. doi: 10.1186/1478-4505-12-21. [DR Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda] Livingston, Patricia; et al., “Development of a simulation and skills centre in East Africa: a Rwandan-Canadian partnership”, The Pan African Medical Journal, 17: 315, 2014, doi:10.11604/pamj.2014.17.315.4211 Livingston, Patricia; Evans, Faye; Nsereko, Etienne; et al., “Safer obstetric anesthesia through education and mentorship: a model for knowledge translation in Rwanda”, Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal Canadien d’Anesthésie, 61-11, 2014, pp. 1028-1039. Ryan, Terence; Matts, Paul; Snyder, Brad; Orr, Vanya, “A seminar on gardens for the health of the skin”, International Journal of Dermatology, 53-5, 2014, pp. 593–600.

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Simba, Daudi; Mukose, Aggrey; Bazeyo, William, “Institutional capacity for health systems research in East and Central African Schools of Public Health: strengthening human and financial resources”, Health Research Policy & Systems, 12-1, 2014, pp. 1- 17. Tuyisenge, Lisine; Kyamanya, Patrick; Steirteghem, Samuel Van; Becke, Martin; English, Mike; Lissauer, Tom, “Knowledge and skills retention following Emergency Triage, Assessment and Treatment plus Admission course for final year medical students in Rwanda: a longitudinal cohort study”, Archives of Disease in Childhood, 99- 11, 2014, pp. 993-997.

6.3 VIH/HIV Adedimeji, Adebola; Hoover, Donald; Shi, Qiuhu; Gard, Tracy; et al., “Sexual behavior and risk practices of HIV positive and HIV negative Rwandan women”, AIDS and Behavior, 18-12, 2014, 7 p. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-014-0964-z Ahmed, Nurilign; Appiagyei, Ashley; Mwaanga, Annie; et al., “Impact of South-to-South Technical Assistance from Rwanda & Zambia in Couples Voluntary HIV Counseling and Testing (CVCT) Achievements in 19 Countries”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, p. A110. Ahmed, Nurilign; Karita, Etienne; Parker, Rachel; et al., “Prior HIV Testing and ARV Use among HIV Positive Female Sex Workers in Kigali Rwanda”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, p. A131. Bautista-Arredondo, Sergio; Sosa-Rubi, Sandra; Opuni, Marjorie; et al., “Assessing cost and technical efficiency of HIV prevention interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: the ORPHEA study design and methods”, BMC Health Services Research, 14- 599, 2014, 3 p. doi:10.1186/s12913-014-0599-9 Benning, Lorie; Golub, Elizabeth; Anastos, Kathryn; French, Audrey; Cohen, Mardge; et al., “Comparison of Lower Genital Tract Microbiota in HIV-Infected and Uninfected Women from Rwanda and the US”, PLoS ONE, 9-5, 2014, 10p. doi: 10.1371/ journal.pone.0096844. Betancourt, Theresa; Scorza, Pamela; Kanyanganzi, Frederick; et al., “HIV and Child Mental Health: A Case-Control Study in Rwanda”, Pediatrics, 134-2, 2014, pp. 464- 472. Betancourt, Theresa; Ng, Lauren; Kirk, Catherine; et al., “Family-based prevention of mental health problems in children affected by HIV and AIDS: an open trial”, AIDS, 28, Supplement: 3, 2014, pp. 359-368. Bienvenu, Emile; Swart, Marelize; Dandara, Collet; et al., “The role of genetic polymorphisms in cytochrome P450 and effects of tuberculosis co-treatment on the predictive value of CYP2B6 SNPs and on efavirenz plasma levels in adult HIV patients”, Antiviral Research, 102, 2014, pp. 44-53. Borgdorff, Hanneke; et al., “Lactobacillus-dominated cervicovaginal microbiota associated with reduced HIV/STI prevalence and genital HIV viral load in African women”, Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology, 8-9, 2014, pp. 1781-1793.

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Eduardo, Eduard; Lamb, Matthew R.; Kandula, Sasi; et al., “Characteristics and Out- comes among Older HIV-Positive Adults Enrolled in HIV Programs in Four Sub- Saharan African Countries”, PLoS ONE, 9-7, 2014. 9 p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103864. Hoffman, Susie; Wu, Yingfeng; Lahuerta, Maria; et al., “Advanced disease at enrollment in HIV care in four sub-Saharan African countries: change from 2006 to 2011 and multilevel predictors in 2011”, AIDS, 28-16, pp. 2429-2438. Ismail, Nasreen; Tekirya, Emmanuel; Allen, Susan; et al., “Long-Term Non-progressors from Kigali, Rwanda Display Broad Anti-Gag CD8+T Cell Responses”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, p. A178. Karita, Etienne; Parker, Rachel; Nsanzimana, Sabin; et al., “HIV Transmission in Discordant Couples in Non Research Settings: Rwanda Experience”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, p. A73. Kayigamba, Felix; Bakker, Mirjam; Lammers, Judith; Mugisha, Veronicah; et al., “Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counselling in Rwanda: Acceptability among Clinic Attendees and Workers, Reasons for Testing and Predictors of Testing”, PLoS ONE, 9-4, 2014, 9p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095459. Knutsson, B., “Smooth Machinery: Global Governmentality and Civil Society: HIV/AIDS Work in Rwanda”, Globalizations, 11-6, 2014, pp. 793-807. Lahuerta, Maria; et al., “Advanced HIV Disease at Entry into HIV Care and Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy During 2006–2011: Findings from Four Sub-Saharan African Countries”, Clinical Infectious Diseases, 58-3, 2014, pp. 432-441 [Kenya, Mozam- bique, Rwanda, Tanzania] Lamb, Matthew; et al., “High attrition before and after ART initiation among youth (15– 24 years of age) enrolled in HIV care”, AIDS, 28-4, 2014, pp. 559-568. [Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Tanzania] Mugisha, Veronicah; et al., “Determinants of Mortality and Loss to Follow-Up among Adults Enrolled in HIV Care Services in Rwanda”, PLoS ONE, 9-1, 2014, 9p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085774 Mukamuyango, Jeannine; Ingabire, Rosine; Karita, Etienne; et al., “Prevalence of HIV, Sexual Transmitted Infections and High Risk Sexual Behaviors among Female Sex Workers in Kigali, Rwanda”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, P. A279. Mumah, Joyce; Ziraba, Abdhalah; Sidze, Estelle, “Effect of HIV status on fertility intention and contraceptive use among women in nine sub-Saharan African countries: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys”, Global Health Action, 7, 2014, 11 p. doi: 10.3402/gha.v7.25579 Mutwa, Philippe; et al., “Safety and Effectiveness of Combination Antiretroviral Therapy during the First Year of Treatment in HIV-1 Infected Rwandan Children: A Prospective Study”, PLoS ONE, 9-11, 12p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111948. Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet; Jakubowski, Aleksandra; Mugisha, Veronicah; et al., “Low risk of attrition among adults on antiretroviral therapy in the Rwandan national

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program: a retrospective cohort analysis of 6, 12, and 18 month outcomes”, BMC Public Health, 14-889, 2014, doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-889 Nyombayire, Julien; Ingabire, Rosine; Mukamuyango, Jeannine; et al., “Acceptability of Multiple Mucosal Specimen Collection in a Phase 1 HIV Vaccine Trial in Rwanda”, Aids Research and Human Retroviruses, 30, Supplement 1, 2014, p. A236. Ruzagira, Eugene; Abaasa, Andrew; Karita, Etienne; Mulenga, Joseph; Kilembe, William; et al., “Effect of Seasonal Variation on Adult Clinical Laboratory Parameters in Rwanda, Zambia, and Uganda: Implications for HIV Biomedical Prevention Trials”, PLoS ONE, 9-8, 2014,12p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105089. Sinayobye, Jean d’Amour; et al., “Prevalence and risk factors for High-Risk Human Papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection among HIV-infected and uninfected Rwandan women: implications for hrHPV-based screening in Rwanda”, Infectious Agents & Cancer, 9-1, 2014, 27p. doi: 10.1186/1750-9378-9-40 Tagar, E; et al., “Multi-Country Analysis of Treatment Costs for HIV/AIDS: Facility- Level ART Unit Cost Analysis in Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, South Africa and Zambia”, PloS one, 9-11, 2014, e108304 Thomson, Dana; Rich, Michael L.; Kaigamba, Felix; et al., “Community-Based Accompaniment and Psychosocial Health Outcomes in HIV-Infected Adults in Rwanda: A Prospective Study”, AIDS and Behavior, 18-2, 2014, pp. 368-380. Tumusiime, David; Musabeyezu, Emmanuel; Mutimurah, Eugene; et al., “Over-reported peripheral neuropathy symptoms in a cohort of HIV infected and uninfected Rwandan women: the need for validated locally appropriate questionnaires”, African Health Sciences, 14-2, 2014, pp. 460-467. Tumusiime, D.; Venter, F.; Musenge, E.; Stewart, A., “Prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and its associated demographic and health status characteristics, among people on antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda”, BMC Public Health, 14-1, pp, 1226-1240. United States Department of State, Rwanda Operational Plan Report FY 2013 (AIDS Relief), Washington DC: US Department of State/PEPFAR, 2014, 223 p. Uwinkindi, Francois; Nsanzimana, Sabin; Riedel, David; et al., “Scaling Up Intensified Tuberculosis Case Finding in HIV Clinics in Rwanda”, JAIDS: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 66-2, 2014, pp. e45-e49.

6.4 Médecine: spécialités Bertrand, Jane; Tram, Khai Hoan, “Correlates of Male Circumcision in Eastern and Southern African Countries: Establishing a Baseline Prior to VMMC Scale-Up”, PLoS ONE, 9-6, 2014, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100775 Canavan, Maureen; Sipsma, Heather; Kassie, Getnet; Bradley, Elizabeth, “Correlates of Complete Childhood Vaccination in East African Countries”, PLoS ONE, 9-4, 2014, 7p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095709. [Burundi, Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda]

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Danquah, Ina; et al., “Reduced prevalence of Giardia duodenalis in iron-deficient Rwandan children”, Tropical Medicine & International Health, 19-5, 2014, pp. 563- 567. Danquah, Ina; Gahutu, Jean-Bosco; Zeile, Irene; Musemakweri, Andre; Mockenhaupt, Frank, “Anaemia, iron deficiency and a common polymorphism of iron-regulation, TMPRSS6 rs855791, in Rwandan children”, Tropical Medicine & International Health, 19-1, 2014, pp. 117-122. Gahutu, J.-B., “Male reproductive hormone profile in Rwandan students”, Andrologia, 46-10, 2014, pp. 1198-1199. Giardina, Federica; Kasasa, Simon; Sie, Ali; et al., “Effects of vector-control inter- ventions on changes in risk of malaria parasitaemia in sub-Saharan Africa: a spatial and temporal analysis”, Lancet Global Health, 2-10, 2014, pp. e601-e615. Hakizimana, Emmanuel; Cyubahiro, Beatus; Rukundo, Alphonse; et al., “Monitoring long-lasting insecticidal net (LLIN) durability to validate net serviceable life assumptions, in Rwanda”, Malaria Journal, 13-344, 2014, doi:10.1186/1475-2875-13- 344. Ignatius, R.; et al., “Detection of Giardia duodenalis assemblage A and B isolates by immunochromatography in stool samples from Rwandan children”, Clinical Microbio- logy and Infection, 20-10, 2014 pp. 783-785. Jespers, Vicky; et al., “Prevalence and Correlates of Bacterial Vaginosis in Different Sub-Populations of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Cross-Sectional Study”, PLoS ONE, 9-10, 16p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109670 [Kenya, Rwanda, South-Africa] Kabayiza, J.-C.; et al., “Real-time PCR Identification of Agents Causing Diarrhea in Rwandan Children Less Than 5 Years of Age”, The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 33-10, 2014, pp. 1037-1042. Kabayiza, J.-C.; Andersson, M.; Nilsson, S.; Baribwira, C.; Muhirwa, G.; Bergström, T.; Lindh, M., “Diarrhoeagenic microbes by real-time PCR in Rwandan children under 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis”, Clinical Microbiology & Infection, 20-12, 2014, pp. 1128-1135. Kadima, Justin Ntokamunda; Mukanyangezi, Marie-Françoise; Uwizeye, Claude, “Effectiveness and Safety of Concurrent Use of First-Line Antiretroviral and Antituberculous Drugs in Rwanda”, Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2014, 9 p. doi: org/10.1155/2014/904957 Kafkova, J.; et al., “Comparison of highland malaria in Burundi, Rwanda and Kenyan community health care centres”, International Journal of Infectious Diseases: Supplement 1, 21, 2014, pp. 166-167. Kajungu, Dan; et al., “Paediatric Pharmacovigilance: Use of Pharmacovigilance Data Mining Algorithms for Signal Detection in a Safety Dataset of a Paediatric Clinical Study Conducted in Seven African Countries”, PLoS ONE, 9-5, 2014, 6p. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096388 [Burkina Faso, Gabon, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia] Kaputu-Kalala-Malu, Célestin; et al., “Evaluation of Adherence to a Convulsion Management Protocol for Children in Rwanda”, Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 60-2,

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2014, pp. 124-128. Kaputu-Kalala-Malu, C.; Ntumba-Tshitenge, O.; Misson, J-P., “Nécrolyse épidermique toxique induite par le phénobarbital chez un enfant rwandais: à propos d'un cas”, The Pan African Medical Journal, 17, 2014, 4 p., doi: 10.11604/pamj.2014.17.202.3385 Kidenya, Benson; Webster, Lauren; Behan, Sehan; et al., “Epidemiology and genetic diversity of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in East Africa”, Tuberculosis, 94-1, 2014, 7 p. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2013.08.009. Kolb, Isabelle; et al., “Conversion des abords vasculaires d'urgence pour hemodialyse en fistules natives au Rwanda : a propos de 37 cas”, Nephrologie et Therapeutique, 2014, 10-6, pp. 457-462, doi : 10.1016/j.nephro.2014.05.005 McKenna, K.; et al., “Policy and programmatic considerations for introducing a longer- acting injectable contraceptive: perspectives of stakeholders from Kenya and Rwanda”, Global Health: Science and Practice, 2-4, 2014, pp. 459-471. Mivumbi, Victor; et al., “Prophylactic ampicillin versus cefazolin for the prevention of post-cesarean infectious morbidity in Rwanda”, International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 124-3, 2014, pp. 244-247. M’kumbuzi, Vyvienne; Sagahutu, J.-B.; Kagwiza, Jurimubenshi, G.; Mostert-Wentzel, K., “The emerging pattern of disability in Rwanda”, Disability and Rehabilitation, 36-6, 2014, pp. 472-478. Mpunga, Tharcisse; Tapela, Neo; Hedt-Gauthier, Bethany; et al., “Diagnosis of Cancer in Rural Rwanda: Early Outcomes of a Phased Approach to Implement Anatomic Pathology Services in Resource-Limited Settings”, American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 142-4, 2014, pp. 541-545. Muhire, A., “Magnitude and outcome of resuscitation from April 2013 to September 2013 at Rwanda Military Hospital”, International Emergency Nursing, 22-4, 2014, p. 288-288. Mukakalisa, Immaculée; Bindler, Ruth; Allen, Carol; Dotson, Joann, “Cervical Cancer in Developing Countries: Effective Screening and Preventive Strategies with an Application in Rwanda”, Health Care for Women International, 35-7/9, pp. 1065-1080 doi: 10.1080/07399332.2014.909433. Mukara, B.; Munyarugamba, P.; Dazert, S.; Löhler, J., “Rhinoscleroma: a case series report and review of the literature”, European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 271- 7, 2014, pp. 1851-1856. Mukeshimana, Madeleine; Nkosi, Zethu, “Communities' knowledge and perceptions of type two diabetes mellitus in Rwanda: a questionnaire survey”, Journal of Clinical Nursing, 23-3/4, 2014, pp. 541-549. Mutabazi, Placide, KAP on epilepsy among family caregivers in Rwanda: An exploratory study, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2014, 76 p. Mutabazi, Vincent; et al., “Non-surgical Adult Male Circumcision Using the PrePex Device: Task-Shifting from Physicians to Nurses”, African Journal of Reproductive Health, 18-1, 2014, pp. 61-70.

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Mutabazi, Vincent; Bitega, Jean Paul; Ngeruka, Leon; et al., “Cost Analysis of Adult Male Circumcision with the PrePex Device versus Surgery in Rwanda”, Urologic Nursing, 34-6, 2014, pp. 303-311. Mutabazi, Vincent; Forrest, Jamie; Ford, Nathan; et al., “How do you circumcise a nation? The Rwandan case study”, BMC Medicine, 12-184, 2014, doi:10.1186/s12916- 014-0184-4 Muvunyi, C.; Mutesa, L.; Masaisa, F.; Bayingana, C., “Etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of acute uncomplicated cystitis from primary care settings in Rwanda”, International Journal of Infectious Diseases: Supplement 1, 21, April 2014, pp. 85-86. Ngabo, Fidele; et al., “Impact of implementing performance-based financing on childhood malnutrition in Rwanda”, BMC Public Health, 14-1, 2014, 8 p., doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1132 Niyibituronsa, M.; Kyallo, F.; Mugo, C.; Gaidashova, S., “Improving the nutritional status of malnourished children using soybean products in Rwanda”, African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development, 14-4, 2014, pp. 9136-9153. Ntirenganya, Faustin; et al., “Prevalence of breast masses and barriers to care: Results from a population-based survey in Rwanda and Sierra Leone”, The Journal of Surgical Oncology, 110-8, 2014, pp. 903–906. Nzabahimana, I.; Mpunga, T.; Karenzi, A.; Umubyeyi, A., “Food borne outbreak of salmonellosis at a church gathering, Rwanda, 2012”, International Journal of Infectious Diseases: Supplement 1, 21, 2014, pp.105-106. Petry, N.; et al., “Phytic acid concentration influences iron bioavailability from biofortified beans in Rwandese women with low iron status”, The Journal of Nutrition, 144-11, 2014, pp. 1681-1687. Pierce, Hayley; Heaton, Tim; Hoffmann, John, “Increasing maternal healthcare use in Rwanda: implications for child nutrition and survival”, Social science & medicine, 107, 2014, pp. 61-67. Rickard, Jennifer; Ntakiyiruta, Georges; Chu, Kathryn, “Associations with In-Hospital Operative Mortality at a Major Referral Hospital in Rwanda”, Journal of the American College of Surgeons, 219-3, 2014, p. 59. Riviello, Elisabeth; Talmor, Daniel; Novack, Victor; et al., “Incidence and Outcomes of ARDS In Rwanda Using Modified Berlin Criteria for Resource-Poor Settings”, Critical Care Medicine, 42-12, 2014, Supplement: S; Meeting Abstract 363. Rujeni, Nadine; Mbanzamihigo, Léonidas, “Prevalence of Brucellosis among Women Presenting with Abortion/Stillbirth in Huye, Rwanda”, Journal of Tropical Medicine, 2014, doi: 10.1155/2014/740479 Safari, Lambert; Nyiligira, John, Opioids availability and consumption in Rwanda: A proxy indicator of palliative care progress, Internet: LAP Lambert Academic Pub- lishing, 2014, 76 p. Shattuck, D.; et al., “Who chooses vasectomy in Rwanda? Survey data from couples who chose vasectomy, 2010-2012”, Contraception, 89-6, 2014, pp. 564-571.

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Shyirambere, C.; Elmore, S.; May, L.; et al., “Preliminary Treatment Outcomes Utilizing SIOP Guidelines in a Novel Oncologic Care Model for Wilms' Tumor in Rwanda”, Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 61- 2, 2014, p. 230. Staudacher, O.; et al., “Soil-transmitted helminths in southern highland Rwanda: associated factors and effectiveness of school-based preventive chemotherapy”, Tropical Medicine and International Health, 19-7, 2014, pp. 812-824. Swain, JaBaris; et al., “Cardiac surgery for advanced rheumatic heart disease in Rwanda”, The Lancet Global Health, 2-3, March 2014, pp. 141-142. Teh, James; Taljanovic, Mihra; Monu, Johnny, “International Skeletal Society outreach 2013: Rwanda”, Skeletal Radiology, 43-5, 2014, pp. 563-565. Uwineza, A.; et al., “Genetic diagnosis of duchenne and becker muscular dystrophy using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification in Rwandan patients”, Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 60-2, 2014, pp. 112-117 Uwineza, A.; Caberg, J.; Hitayezu, J.; et al., “Array-CGH analysis in Rwandan patients presenting development delay/intellectual disability with multiple congenital anomalies”, BMC Medical Genetics, 15-79, 2014, 15 p. doi:10.1186/1471-2350-15-79 Walker, Timothy; Karemera, Martin; Ngabonziza, Francois; Kyamanywa, Patrick, “Helicobacter pylori status and associated gastroscopic diagnoses in a tertiary hospital endoscopy population in Rwanda”, Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 108-5, 2014, pp. 305-307. Washington, Blair; et al., “Demographic and delivery characteristics associated with obstetric fistula in Kigali, Rwanda”, International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.09.033.

6.5 Santé mentale Bourgeois-Guérin, Élise; Rousseau, Cécile, “La survie comme don: réflexions entourant les enjeux de la vie suite au génocide chez des hommes rwandais”, L'Autre, 15, 2014, pp. 55-63. Blackie, L.; Jayawickreme, E.; Forgeard, M.; Jayawickreme, N., “The protective function of belief in personal change among genocide survivors in Rwanda”, Personality and Individual Differences, 60, 2014, pp. 15-16. Blackie, Laura; Jayawickreme, Eranda; Forgeard, Marie; Jayawickreme, Nuwan, “The Protective Function of Personal Growth Initiative Among a Genocide-Affected Population in Rwanda”, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, Nov 17, 2014, doi: 10.1037/tra0000010 D'Ardenne, Patricia; Kiyendeye, Moses, “An initial exploration of the therapeutic impact of music on genocide orphans in Rwanda”, British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 3, 2014, pp. 1-11. Doná, Giorgia, “The psychological impact of working in post conflict environments: a personal account of intersectional traumatisation”, Intervention: Journal of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Conflict Affected Areas, 12-1, 2014, pp. 91-94. Dushimirimana, Fabien; Sezibera, Vincent; Auerbach, Carl, “Pathways to resilience in

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post genocide Rwanda”, Intervention: Journal of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Conflict Affected Areas, 12-2, 2014, pp. 219-230. Eytan, A; Munyandamutsa, N.; Nkubamugisha, Mahoro P.; Gex-Fabry, M., “Long-term mental health outcome in post-conflict settings: Similarities and differences between Kosovo and Rwanda”, International Journal of Social Psychiatry, August 21, 2014, doi: 10.1177/0020764014547062 Gishoma, Darius; et al., “Supportive-Expressive Group Therapy for People Experiencing Collective Traumatic Crisis During the Genocide Commemoration Period in Rwanda: Impact and Implications”, Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2-1, 2014, pp. 469-488. Godard, Marie-Odile, “Le prophète, le devin et le psychanalyste au pays des rêves traumatiques”, L’autre, 5-1, 2004, pp. 47-57. Heim, Lale; Schaal, Susanne, “Rates and predictors of mental stress in Rwanda: investigating the impact of gender, persecution, readiness to reconcile and religiosity via a structural equation model”, International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 8, 2014, doi:10.1186/1752-4458-8-37 Jacob, N.; Neuner, F.; Maedl, A.; Schaal, S.; Elbert,T., “Dissemination of Psychotherapy for Trauma Spectrum Disorders in Postconflict Settings: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Rwanda”, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 83-6, 2014, pp. 354-363. Kayiteshonga, Yvonne; Mohand, Achour Ait; Binagwaho, Agnès; Misago, Nancy; Munyandamutsa, Naasson, Violences de masse, reconstruction psychique et des liens sociaux: initiative de développement de la santé mentale dans la région des Grands Lacs, Paris: L'Harmattan, 2014, 268 p. Lacasse, J.; Forgeard, M.; Jayawickreme, N.; Jayawickreme, E., “The factor structure of the CES-D in a sample of Rwandan genocide survivors”, Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology, 49-3, 2014, pp. 459-465. Mukashema, Immaculée, “Facing Domestic Violence for Mental Health in Rwanda: Opportunities and Challenges”, Procedia: Social and Behavioral Sciences, 140, 2014, pp. 591-598. Neugebauer, R.; et al., “Posttraumatic stress reactions among Rwandan youth in the second year after the genocide: Rising trajectory among girls”, Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 6-3, 2014, pp. 269-279. Niwenshuti, Théogène, “Dance as a communication tool: adressing inter-generational trauma for a healhtier psycho-social environment in Rwanda and the Great Lakes region of Africa”, in Barnes, Hazel (ed), Arts Activism, Education, and Therapies: Trans- forming Communities Across Africa, Amsterdam: Editions Rodopi, 2014, pp. 29-38. Perroud, Nader; et al., “The Tutsi genocide and transgenerational transmission of maternal stress: epigenetics and biology of the HPA axis”, The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 15-4, 2014, pp. 334-345. Roth, M.; Neuner, F.; Elbert, T., “Transgenerational consequences of PTSD: risk factors for the mental health of children whose mothers have been exposed to the Rwandan genocide”, International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 8, 2014, doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-8-12

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Schaal, Susanne; Heim, Lale; Elbert, Thomas, “Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Appetitive Aggression in Rwandan Genocide Perpetrators”, Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 23-9, 2014, pp. 930-945. Scholte, Willem; Ager, Alastair, “Social capital and mental health: Connections and complexities in contexts of post conflict recovery”, Intervention: Journal of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Conflict Affected Areas, 12-2, 2014, pp. 210-218. Toroi, Niina, “‘Yoga is like medicine’: yoga as a form of trauma relief in Rwanda”, in Johnston, Linda, Sports, Peacebuilding and Ethics, New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2014, pp. 69-84. Umubyeyi, Aline; Mogren, Ingrid; Ntaganira, Joseph; Krantz, Gunilla, “Intimate partner violence and its contribution to mental disorders in men and women in post genocide Rwanda: findings from a population based study”, BMC Psychiatry, 14, 2014, doi:10.1186/s12888-014-0315-7 Uwineza, Jeannette; Brackelaire, Jean-Luc, “Après le génocide, régénérer l'‘entre générations’ pour naître à soi”, Cahiers de psychologie clinique, 43, 2014, pp. 143-171. Verduin, F.; et al., “The validation of a social functioning questionnaire in an African postconflict context”, Transcultural Psychiatry, 51-2, 2014, pp. 228-246. Verduin, F.; Smid, G.; Wind, T.; Scholte, W., “In search of links between social capital, mental health and sociotherapy: A longitudinal study in Rwanda”, Social Science and Medicine, 121, 2014, 9 p. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2014.09.054 Vollhardt, Johanna Ray; Bilali, Rezarta, “The Role of Inclusive and Exclusive Victim Consciousness in Predicting Intergroup Attitudes: Findings from Rwanda, Burundi, and DRC”, Political Psychology, 2014, doi: 10.1111/pops.12174 Waintrater, Régine, “Exil et nostalgie: un lien consubstantiel”, Dialogues, 205, 2014, pp. 65-72. Wallace, David; Pasick, Patricia; Berman, Zoe; Weber, Ella, “Stories for Hope: Rwanda: a psychological-archival collaboration to promote healing and cultural continuity through intergenerational dialogue”, Archival Science: International Journal on Recorded Information, 14-3/4, 2014, pp. 275-306. Williamson, Caroline, “Posttraumatic growth and religion in Rwanda: individual well- being vs. collective false consciousness”, Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 2014, 10 p. doi:10.1080/13674676.2014.965673 Williamson, Caroline, “Towards a theory of collective posttraumatic growth in Rwanda: The pursuit of agency and communion”, Traumatology: An International Journal, 20-2, 2014, pp. 91-102.

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7 Relations Régionales et Internationales

7.1 Réfugiés; émigrés Bolhuis, M.; Middelkoop, P.; Van Wijk, J., “Refugee Exclusion and Extradition in the Netherlands: Rwanda as Precedent?”, Journal of International Criminal Justice, 2014, doi: 10.1093/jicj/mqu064 Clark, Philip, “Bringing Them All Back Home: the Challenges of DDR and Transitional Justice in Contexts of Displacement in Rwanda and Uganda”, Journal of Refugee Studies, 27-2, 2014, pp. 234-259. Cole, Georgia, “La integración de los refugiados en Uganda requerirá volver a presionar”, Revista Migraciones Forzadas, 48, 2014, pp. 68-69. Cuéllar, Mariano-Florentino; Surendra, Aparna, “Learning curves and collaboration in reconceiving refugee settlements”, Forced Migration Review, Sept. 2014 Supplement, pp. 11-13. Fransen, Sonja; Kuschminder, Katie, “Lessons Learned from Refugee Return Settlement Policies: A Case Study on Burundi’s Rural Integrated Villages”, Refugee Survey Quarterly, 33-1, 2014, pp. 59-76. Huot, Suzanne; Dodson, Belinda; Rudman, Debbie Laliberte, “Negotiating belonging following migration: Exploring the relationship between place and identity in Francophone minority communities”, The Canadian Geographer/Le Géographe Canadien, 58-3, 2014, pp. 329–340. Lori, Jody; Boyle, Joyceen, “Forced Migration: Health and Human Rights Issues among Refugee Populations”, Nursing Outlook, 2014, doi: org/10.1016/j.outlook.2014.10.008 [DRC, Liberia, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sierra Leone] Luchs, Michele; Miller, Elizabeth, “Not so far away: a collaborative model of engaging refugee youth in the outreach of their digital stories”, AREA, 10 dec. 2014, DOI: 10.1111/area.12165 Maystadt, Jean-François; Verwimp, Philip, “Winners and Losers among a Refugee- Hosting Population”, Economic Development and Cultural Change, 62-4, 2014, pp. 769-809. Maystadt, Jean-Francois; Duranton, Gilles, The development push of refugees, Working Paper 669-10685, Lancaster, UK: Lancaster University Management School, 2014, 26 p. Smith-Khan, Laura; Crock, Mary; Saul, Ben; McCallum, Ron, “To ‘Promote, Protect and Ensure’: Overcoming Obstacles to Identifying Disability in Forced Migration”, Journal of Refugee Studies, July 7, 2014, 31 p. doi:10.1093/jrs/feu020

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7.2 East African Community (EAC) Adyanga, Francis Akena, “Regional integration, a prospect for development: lessons from Rwanda's experience in the East African community”, in Sefa Dei, George; Adjei, Paul Banahene (eds), Emerging perspectives on ‘African development’: speaking differently, New York : Peter Lang, 2014, pp. 128-141. Gelan, Ayele; Omore, Amos, “Beyond Tariffs: The Role of Non-Tariff Barriers in Dairy Trade in the East African Community Free Trade Area”, Development Policy Review, 32-5, 2014, pp. 523–543. Gigineishvili, Nikoloz; Mauro, Paolo; Wang, Ke, How Solid Is Economic Growth in the East African Community?, Working Paper 14/150, Washington, DC: IMF, 2014, 23 p. Hegerty, Scott, “Measuring Exchange Market Pressure and Its Contagion in the East African Community”, South African Journal of Economics, 82-2, 2014, pp. 239-257. Lepetit, Laetitia; Rugemintwari, Clovis; Strobel, Frank, “Monetary, Financial and Fiscal Stability in the East African Community: Ready for a Monetary Union?”, The World Economy, 6 dec 2014, doi: 10.1111/twec.12243 Mwapachu, Juma, Challenging the Frontiers of African Integration: The Dynamics of Policies, Politics and Transformation in the East African Community, Internet: E&D Vision Publishing, 2014, 440 p. Ndoricimpa, Arcade; Achandi, Esther Leah, “Are Current Account Deficits Sustainable in EAC Countries? Evidence from Threshold Cointegration”, Economics Bulletin, 34-3, 2014, pp. 1990-2001. Nyaga, Joseph Kariuki, “Mobile Banking Services in the East African Community (EAC): Challenges to the Existing Legislative and Regulatory Frameworks”, Journal of Information Policy, 4, 2014, pp. 270-295. Rugera, Simon; et al., “Regulation of medical diagnostics and medical devices in the East African community partner states”, BMC Health Services Research, 14-1, 2014, pp. 524-530. Whitehead, Eleanor, “Joining the East African Dots”, Banker, 163-1060, 2014, pp. 118- 120. World Bank, Building Integrated Markets within the East African Community: EAC Opportunities in Public-Private Partnership Approaches to the Region’s Infrastructure Needs, Washington, DC: World Bank Publications, 2014, 122 p.

7.3 Relations régionales Abbott, Peter, Modern African Wars (4): The Congo 1960-2002, Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing, 2014, 48 p. Balistreri, Edward; Tarr, David; Yonezawa, Hidemichi, Reducing trade costs in East Africa: deep regional integration and multilateral action, Policy Research Working Paper 7049, Washington DC: The World Bank, 2014, 35 p. Beswick, Danielle, “The risks of African military capacity building : lessons from Rwanda”, African Affairs,113-451, pp. 212-231.

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Booth, Ryan; Cooksey, Brian; Golooba-Mutebi, Frederick; Kanyinga, Karuti, East African prospects: an update on the political economy of Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda, London: Overseas Development Institute, 2014, 113 pp. Evdokimov, I.; Sidorova, G., “Crisis in Eastern Congo and the Search for Solutions”, International Affairs: A Russian Journal of World Politics, Diplomacy & International Relations, 60-1, 2014, pp. 141-151. Firsing, Scott, “Thinking through the role of Africa's militaries in peacekeeping : the cases of Nigeria, Ethiopia and Rwanda”, The South African Journal of International Affairs, 21-1, 2014, pp. 45-67. Furaha, Alida Umutoni, “‘Do they fight for us?’ Mixed discourses of conflict and the M23 rebellion among Congolese Rwandophone refugees in Rwanda”, African Security, 7-2, 2014, pp. 71-90. Hegerty, Scott, “Measuring Exchange Market Pressure and Its Contagion in the East African Community”, South African Journal of Economics, 82-2, 2014, pp. 239-257 [Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania; Uganda] Jacquemot, Pierre, “Le Rwanda et la République démocratique du Congo: David et Goliath dans les Grands Lacs”, Revue internationale et stratégique, 95-3, 2014, pp. 32- 42. Koko, Sadiki, “The Mouvement du 23 Mars and the dynamics of a failed insurgency in the Democratic Republic of Congo”, South African Journal of International Affairs, 21- 2, 2014, pp. 261-278. Matenda, Jean-Bosco Germain Esambu, Conflits identitaires et enjeux économiques internationaux dans la région des Grands Lacs, Paris: L'Harmattan, 2014, 148 p. Mbeko, Patrick; Ngbanda-Nzambo, Honoré, Stratégie du chaos et du mensonge: Poker menteur en Afrique des Grands Lacs, Montréal: Editions de l'Erablière, 2014, 658 p. Meagher, Kate, “Smuggling ideologies: From criminalization to hybrid governance in African clandestine economies”, African Affairs, 113-453, 2014, pp. 497-517. Ogbonnaya, Maurice; Okafor, Harrison, “The dialectics of ethnic conflicts, political instability and underdevelopment in Africa's Great Lakes region”, Africa Insight, 44-2, 2014, pp. 197-213. Reyntjens, Filip, “Regulation, taxation and violence: the state, quasi-state governance and cross-border dynamics in the Great Lakes Region”, Review of African Political Economy, 41-142 (20141203): 530-544 Scheen, Thomas, “Ost-Kongo gründlich verändert: die Kapitulation der "M23": Rebellen eröffnet dem Land neue Chancen”, Internationale Politik, 69, 2014, pp. 83-87 Steino, Anne, “Mending Boundaries”, Alternatives Journal, 40-2, 2014, pp. 42-44. Stearns, Jason, “Causality and conflict: tracing the origins of armed groups in the eastern Congo”, Peacebuilding, 2-2, 2014, pp.157-171. Yonekawa, Masako, “Critical analysis of spoilers and neighbouring states for peace implementation: peacekeepers' failure to protect civilians in eastern DR Congo”, Global Change, Peace & Security, 26-2, 2014, pp. 159-176. Zacharie, Arnaud; Janne d'Othée, François, L'Afrique centrale, 20 ans après le génocide,

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Bruxelles: Editions Le Bord de l'Eau, 2014, 159 p.

7.4 Relations internationales; aide Benin, Samuel; International Food Policy Research Institute, Aid Effectiveness: How is the L'Aquila Food Security Initiative Doing? Discussion paper 01329, Washington, DC: IFPRI, 2014, 38 p. [Bangladesh, Ghana, Rwanda, Senegal] Brinkley, Paul, War front to store front: Americans rebuilding trust and hope in nations under fire, Nashville, TN : Wiley, 2014, 400 p. Brockmeier, Sarah, Deutschland und der Völkermord in Ruanda, Berlin: Heinrich-Böll- Stiftung, 2014, 30 p. Brozus, Lars; Hobbach, Raphaela, Lernen aus Ruanda: Die Entwicklung einer wirksamen internationalen Schutzverantwortungspolitik, SWP-Aktuell 19, Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik, 2014, 4 p. Brunstetter, Daniel, “Trends in Just War Thinking during the US Presidential Debates 2000-12: Genocide Prevention and the Renewed Salience of Last Resort”, Review of International Studies, 40-1, 2014, pp. 77-99. Clifford, Bob, “Rwanda and the Moral Obligation of Humanitarian Intervention”, Perspectives on Politics, 2-4, 2014, pp. 960-962. Del Biondo, Karen, “Norms or Interests? Explaining Instrumental Variation in EU Democracy Promotion in Africa”, JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 24 June 2014, DOI: 10.1111/jcms.12169 [Ethiopia, Guinea, Niger, Rwanda] Dietz, Ton; Hees, Sander; Seuren, Germa; Veldkamp, Fenneken, Water dynamics in the seven African countries of Dutch policy focus: Benin, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Rwanda, South Sudan; Report on Rwanda, African Studies Centre; VIA Water, Programme on water innovation in Africa, Leiden, 2014, 17 p. Eisele, Manfred, “Ruanda 1994: die internationale Gemeinschaft hat nur wenige Lehren gezogen”, Vereinte Nationen, 62-2, 2014, pp. 51-58. Haby (Habiyambere), Gaspard, Rwanda: les influences extérieures dans la politisation, la radicalisation et la reconstruction des sociétés ethnopolitiquement conflictuelles, Mérignac: Copy-Media, 2014, 618 p. Idems, Christine, Paradoxien humanitärer Hilfe, Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 2014, 222 p. [Croatie, Rwanda, Soudan] King III, Akil; Moss, Zackary; Pittman, Afi, “Overcoming Logistics Challenges in East Africa”, Army Sustainment, 46-1, 2014, pp. 28-31. Mbeko, Patrick, Le Canada et le pouvoir tutsi du Rwanda: Deux décennies de complicité criminelle en Afrique centrale, Montréal: Editions de l'Erablière, 470 p. Ndanyuzwe, Noël, La guerre mondiale africaine : la conspiration anglo-américaine pour un génocide au Rwanda: enquête dans les archives secrètes de l'armée nationale ougandaise, Lille: Sources du Nil, 2014. O'donnell, Chelsea, “The Development of the Responsibility to Protect: An Examination of the Debate Over the Legality of Humanitarian Intervention”, Duke Journal of

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Comparative & International Law, 24-3, 2014, pp. 557-588. Orchard, Phil, “Revisiting Humanitarian Safe Areas for Civilian Protection”, Global Governance, 20-1, 2014, pp. 55-75. Reid, Richard, “Horror, hubris and humanity: the international engagement with Africa, 1914–2014”, International Affairs, 90-1, 2014, pp. 143–166. Switky, Bob, “Simulating a Foreign Policy Dilemma: Considering US Humanitarian Intervention”, PS: Political Science & Politics, 47-3, 2014, pp. 682-686. Vaux, Kenneth, Ethics and the wars of insurgency: Somalia to Syria, Eugene, OR: Wipf et Stock, 2014, 161 p. Zürcher, Lukas, Die Schweiz in Ruanda: Mission, Entwicklungshilfe und nationale Selbstbestätigung (1900-1975), Zürich: Chronos, 2014, 348 p.

7.5 Nations Unies Berdal, Mats; Ucko, David, “The United Nations and the Use of Force: Between Promise and Peril”, Journal of Strategic Studies, 37-5, pp. 665-673 [DRCongo, Haiti, Bosnia, Rwanda] Bidoung, Noël, L'opération de paix des Nations unies au Rwanda, Paris: L'Harmattan, 2014, 115 p. Dallaire, Roméo; Carrier, Krystel, “Rwanda”, in Genser, Jared; Ugarte, Bruno Stagno (eds), United Nations Security Council in the Age of Human Rights, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 275-287. Mouat, Lucia, The United Nations' Top Job: A Close Look at the Work of Eight Secretaries General, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 530 p. United Nations, Security Council, Final report of the Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo […], New York: United Nations, 23 January 2014, 276 p. [S/2014/42] United Nations, Security Council, Letter dated 19 June 2014 from the Chair of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to resolution 1533 (2004) concerning the Democratic Republic of the Congo addressed to the President of the Security Council, Midterm report of the Group of Experts on the Democratic Republic of the Congo, New York, 25 June 2014, 121 p. [S/2014/428] United Nations, Human Rights Council, 26th session: Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development, Special Report of the Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association, Maina Kiai, on his mission to Rwanda (20–27 January 2014), New York: United Nations, 16 Sept 2014, 23 p., [A/HRC/26/29/Add.2]

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8 Droit

8.1 Rwanda: Justice; Gacaca Achu Check, Nicasius, “The politics of alternative justice in post-genocide Rwanda: assessing the Gacaca community justice system”, in Maphosa, Sylvester Bongani; DeLuca, Laura; Keasley, Alphonse (eds), Building peace from within, Pretoria, South Africa: Africa Institute of South Africa, 2014, pp. 137-152. Bharucha, Rustom, Terror and Performance, London/New York: Rutledge, 2014, 266 p. Brehm, H.; Uggen, C.; Gasanabo, J-D., “Genocide, Justice, and Rwanda’s Gacaca Courts”, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 30-3, 2014, pp. 333-352. Clark, Phil, “Bringing the peasants back in, again: State power and local agency in Rwanda's 'gacaca' courts”, Journal of eastern African studies, 8-2, 2014, pp. 193-213. Davidson, Laura, “Legislation Drafting in Rwanda”, Counsel, March 2014, pp. 28-31. Droit-Afrique.com, Code général des impôts: recueil de textes de la fiscalité rwandaise, Paris : Droit-Afrique.com, 2014, 281 p. Galchinsky, Michael, “Lament as Transitional Justice”, Human Rights Review, 15-3, 2014, pp. 259-281. Guichaoua, André, “Une justice sous influence : la politique judiciaire post-génocide au Rwanda”, in Nollez-Goldbach, Raphaëlle; Saada, Julie (eds), La justice pénale internationale face aux crimes de masse : approches critiques, Paris: Editions Pedone, 2014, pp. 109-129 Guichaoua André, “Le primat de la justice d’exception au Rwanda: Tribunal pénal international et justice populaire gacaca”, Études Interculturelles, UNESCO/Université catholique de Lyon, 8, 2014, pp. 95-108. Human Rights Watch, “Rwanda”, World Report 2014, New York: Seven Stories Press, 2014, pp. 155-161 http://www.hrw.org/world-report/2014/country-chapters/rwanda Jamar, Astrid, “Training & sensitisation on transitional justice in Burundi and Rwanda: international aid for whose sake?”, in Reyntjens, Filip, Vandeginste, S.; Verpoorten, M. (eds), L'Afrique des Grands Lacs: annuaire 2013-2014, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2014, pp 507-530 Jansen, Yakaré-Oulé Nani, “Denying Genocide or Denying Free Speech? A Case Study of the Application of Rwanda's Genocide Denial Laws”, Journal of International Human Rights, 12-2, 2014, pp. 191-213. Kalimunda, Aimé Muyoboke, “The Death Penalty in Rwanda : Surrounding Politics and the ICTR's Battle for Abolition”, in Futamura, Madoka; Bernaz, Nadia (eds), The politics of the death penalty in countries in transition, London : Routledge, 2014, pp. 128-153.

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Manzi, Eugene, “Strategic litigation of women's constitutional rights in Rwanda's changing judicial landscape”, in Röhrs, Stefanie; Smythe, Dee; de Souza, Monica; Hsieh, Annie (eds), In search of equality: women, law and society in Africa, Cape Town, SA : UCT Press, 2014. McKnight, Janet, “The anatomy of mass accountability: confronting ideology and legitimacy in Rwanda's gacaca courts”, Conflict Trends, 1, 2014, pp. 35-42 Manlove, Kendall, “Process Long Overdue: Transitional Justice, Prisoners, and Procedural Due Process Reform”, New York University Journal of International Law and Politics, 46-4, 2014, pp. 1249-1282 [Myanmar; Rwanda] Menelik, Girma, The Issue of Human Rights in Africa, Internet: GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2014, 308 p. Mepham, David; Human Rights Watch, Point de vue: lever le voile sur la répression au Rwanda, HRW, 21 octobre 2014, 2 p. Michalski, Wenzel; Human Rights Watch, Un meurtre passé sous silence au Rwanda, HRW, 20 juil. 2014, 2 p. Nwoye, Leo, “Partners or Rivals in Reconciliation? The ICTR and Rwanda's Gacaca Courts”, San Diego International Law Journal, 16-1, 2014, pp. 119-208. Merat, Zarir, “Les juridictions gacaca: justice et réconciliation ou instrument de contrôle politique?”, in Nollez-Goldbach, Raphaëlle; Saada, Julie (eds), La justice pénale internationale face aux crimes de masse : approches critiques, Paris: Editions Pedone, 2014, pp. 131-144. Nyseth Brehm, Hollie; Uggen, Christopher; Gasanabo, Jean-Damascène, “Genocide, Justice, and Rwanda’s Gacaca Courts”, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 30- 3, pp. 333-352. Pozen, Joanna; Neugebauer, Richard; Ntaganira, Joseph, “Assessing the Rwanda Experiment: Popular Perceptions of Gacaca in Its Final Phase”, International Journal of Transitional Justice, 8-1, 2014, pp. 31-52. Rahman, Smita, Time, memory, and the politics of contingency, New York : Routledge, 2014, 144 p. (Gacaca) Roach, Kaitlin, “What Choice Did Rwanda Have?” Rebuilding a Modern System after the Genocide that Maintained the Traditional Ideals of Unity, Resolution, and Reconciliation”, Gonzaga Journal of International Law, 17-2, 2014, pp. 1-19. Rugege, Sam; Karimunda, Aimé, “Domestic prosecution of international crimes : the case of Rwanda”, in Werle, Gerhard; Fernandez, Lovell; Vormbaum, Moritz (eds), Africa and the International Criminal Court, The Hague: TMC Asser Press/Springer, 2014, pp. 79-116. Rutayisire, T.; Richters, A., “Everyday suffering outside prison walls: A legacy of community justice in post-genocide Rwanda”, Social Science and Medicine, 120, 2014, pp. 413-420. Sullo, Pietro, “Lois mémorielles in post-genocide societies: The Rwandan law on genocide ideology under international human rights law scrutiny”, Leiden Journal of International Law, 27-2, 2014, pp. 419-445.

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Sungi, Simeon, Dealing with international crimes in Africa: when are indigenous justice systems better than criminal trials?, Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2014, 240 p. Taylor, Christopher, “Rwanda’s Gacaca trials: Toward a New Nationalism or Business as Usual?”, in Hinton, Devon; Hinton, Alexander (eds), Genocide and Mass Violence: Memory, Symptom, and Recovery, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2014, pp. 301-320. Tirrell, Lynne, “Transitional justice in post-genocide Rwanda : an integrative approach”, in Corradetti, Claudio; Eisikovits, Nir; Rotondi, Jack (eds), Theorizing Transitional Justice, Farnham, UK; Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2014. Umuhoza, Chantal, “Rwanda: Where Abortion Can Lead to Prison”, Conscience, 35.1, 2014, pp. 34-37. United States Department of State, Rwanda 2013 Human Rights Report, Washington DC: US Department of State, Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, 2014, 45 p. Wibabara, Charity, Gacaca Courts versus the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda and National Courts: Lessons to learn from the Rwandan justice approaches to genocide, Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 2014, 298 p.

8.2 Droit international; TPIR/ICTR Aydin, Devrim, “The Interpretation of Genocidal Intent under the Genocide Convention and the Jurisprudence of International Courts”, Journal of Criminal Law, 78-5, 2014, pp. 423-441. Bensouda, Fatou, “Gender Justice and the ICC”, International Feminist Journal of Politics, 16-4, 2014, pp. 538-542 Blake, Jillian, “Should Domestic Courts Prosecute Genocide? Examining the Trial of Efraín Ríos Montt”, Brooklyn Journal of International Law, 39-2, 2014, pp. 563-612. Buss, Doris, “Expert witnesses and international war crimes trials: making sense of large- scale violence in Rwanda”, in Zarkov, Dubravka; Glasius, Marlies (eds), Narratives of justice in and out of the courtroom: Former Yugoslavia and beyond, New York: Springer, 2014, pp. 23-32. Chartrand, Sébastien; Philpot, John, Justice belied: the unbalanced scales of international criminal justice, Montréal: Baraka Books, 2014, 282 p. Drumbl, Mark, “The Curious Criminality of Mass Atrocity: Diverse Actors, Multiple Truths, and Plural Responses”, in Van Sliedregt, Elies; Vasiliev, Sergey (eds), Pluralism in International Criminal Law, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014, pp 68-105. Eltringham, Nigel, “'When we walk out, what was it all about?' Views on new beginnings from within the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda”, in Anders, Gerhard; Zenker, Olaf (eds), Transition and justice: negotiating the terms of new beginnings in Africa, Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2014, pp. 153-174. Fédération internationale des droits de l’homme; Ligue des droits de l’homme, Procès de Pascal Simbikangwa: retour sur un procès emblématique, Paris: FIDH, 2014, 22 p.

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Fierens, Jacques, Droit humanitaire pénal, Bruxelles: Larcier, 2014, 374 p. Hola, Barbora, “Consistency and Pluralism of International Sentencing: An Empirical Assessment of the ICTY and ICTR Practice”, in Van Sliedregt, Elies; Vasiliev, Sergey (eds), Pluralism in International Criminal Law, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014, pp. 187-209. Hola, Barbora; Van Wijk, Joris, “Life after Conviction at International Criminal Tribu- nals An Empirical Overview”, Journal of International Criminal Justice, 12-1, 2014, pp. 109-132. Janjac, K.; Andoni, D., The mental element in international criminal law, Oisterwijk: International Courts Association 2014, 378 p. Kelder, Jessica; Hold, Barbora; Wijk, Jorisvan, “Rehabilitation and Early Release of Perpetrators of International Crimes: A Case Study of the ICTY and ICTR”, International Criminal Law Review, 14-6, 2014, pp. 1177-1203. Klip, André; Freeland, Steven; Low, Anzinga (eds), Annotated leading cases of international criminal tribunals ; Volume XLII: The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda 1 January-21 October 2010, Cambridge/Antwerp/Portland: Intersentia, 2014, 895 p. Meernik, James, “What Kind of Bargain Is a Plea?”, International Criminal Law Review, 14-1, 2014, pp. 200-217. Mingwen, Liao, “The Theory and Practice of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda”, Journal of International Criminal Justice, 12-2, 2014, pp. 395-397. Nederlandt, Olivia; Vandermeersch, Damien, “Le Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda et le Tribunal spécial pour la Sierra Leone: quel bilan à l'heure de la clôture de leurs travaux?”, in Bernard, D.; Scalia, D. (eds), Vingt ans de justice internationale pénale, Bruxelles: La Charte, 2014, pp.189-217. Nollez-Goldbach, Raphaëlle; Saada, Julie (eds), La justice pénale internationale face aux crimes de masse : approches critiques, Paris: Editions Pedone, 2014, 244 p. O’Brien, Melanie; Kebbell, Mark, “Interview Techniques in International Criminal Court and Tribunals”, in Bull, Ray (ed), Investigative Interviewing, Springer, 2014, pp. 91-101 Pruitt, William, “Aggravating and Mitigating Sentencing Factors at the ICTR: An Exploratory Analysis”, International Criminal Law Review, 14-1, 2014, pp. 148-176. Russi, Luigi, “Cynicism and guilt in international law after Rwanda”, Global Jurist, 13- 2/3, 2014, pp. 71-85. Salas, Denis, “Punir et réparer après un génocide: à propos du procès de M. Simbikwanga, jugé pour faits de génocide sur les tutsis du Rwanda”, Archives de politique criminelle, 36, 2014, pp. 147-159. Schabas, William, Unimaginable Atrocities: Justice, Politics, and Rights at the War Crimes Tribunals, Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2014, 240 p. Schomburg, Wolfgang, “Der Friedensbeitrag des UN-Tribunals für Ruanda : Strafgerich- tsbarkeit kann auch transnational erfolgreich sein”, Vereinte Nationen, 62-2, 2014, pp. 59-64. Schwöbel, Christine, Critical approaches to international criminal law: an introduction,

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Milton Park, UK; New York: Routledge, 2014, 303 p. Shany, Yuval; Noam, Gilad; Gray-Goldbarsht, Erin; Horovitz, Sigall, “International Criminal Tribunals for Yugoslavia and Rwanda”, in Shany, Yuval (ed), Assessing the effectiveness of international courts, Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2014, 341 p. Steiger, Dominik, “A Steady Race towards Better Compliance with International Humanitarian Law? The ICTR, 1995-2012”, International Criminal Law Review, 14-6, 2014, pp. 969-1027. Tribunal de Grande Instance de Paris, Dossier Pascal Simbikangwa: Ordonnance de requalification, de non-lieu partiel et de mise en accusation devant la Cour d'Assises, Paris, 29 mars 2013, 64 p. Van Den Herik, Larissa; Van Sliedregt, Elies, “Ten years later, the Rwanda Tribunal still faces legal complexities: some comments on the indictment, complicity in genocide, and the nexus requirement for war crimes”, Leiden Journal of International law, 17-3, 2014, pp. 537-557. Zimmermann, Dominik, “Judicial independence in the Ad Hoc International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia and Rwanda”, in Idem, The independence of international courts: the adherence of the international judiciary to a fundamental value of the administration of justice, Baden-Baden: Nomos; Oxford, UK: Hart Pub- lishing, 2014, n. p.

8.3 Gender-based violence; droit du viol Burnet, Jennie, “Sexual violence, female agencies, and sexual consent: complexities of sexual violence in the 1994 Rwandan genocide”, in Buss, Doris; Lebert, Joanne; Rutherford, Blair; Sharkey, Donna; Aginam, Obijiofor (eds), Sexual violence in conflict and post-conflict societies: international agendas and African contexts, New York: Routledge, 2014. Clark, Janine Natalya, “A Crime of Identity: Rape and Its Neglected Victims”, Journal of Human Rights, 13-2, pp.146-169. Delpla, Isabelle, “Les femmes et le droit (pénal) international”, Clio: Femmes, Genre, Histoire, 39, 2014, pp. 183-204. Di Palma, Sara Valentina, “Corpi di donne in guerra. La violenza sessuale in Bosnia e Ruanda e i problemi del dopoguerra”, Storicamente, 10-2, 2014, 12 p. doi: 10.12977/stor508 Fielding, Leila, Female genocidaires during the Rwandan genocide: when women kill, Hamburg: Anchor Academic Publishing, 2014, 68 p. Gurman, Tilly; Trappler, Regan; Acosta, Angela; McCray, Pamela; Cooper, Chelsea; Goodsmith, Lauren, “‘By seeing with our own eyes, it can remain in our mind’: Qualitative evaluation findings suggest the ability of participatory video to reduce gender-based violence in conflict-affected settings”, Health Education Research, 29-4, 2014, pp. 690-701 [Liberia, South Sudan, Rwanda, Thailand, Uganda] Heber, Laura, “Women Run the Show”: Gender Violence Reform and the “Stretching” of Human Rights in Rwanda”, Journal of Human Rights, 2014, 18 p., doi: 10.1080/

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14754835.2014.886944 Hodari, Jimmy, “The Isange One Stop Centre: a holistic approach to sexual and gender- based violence”, Police Chief, 81-8, 2014, pp. 40-43. Hogwood, Jemma; Auerbach, Carl; Munderere, Sam; Kambibi, Emilienne, “Rebuilding the social fabric: community counselling groups for Rwandan women with children born as a result of genocide rape”, Intervention: Journal of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support in Conflict Affected Areas,12-3, 2014, pp. 393-404. Holmes, Georgina, Women and war in Rwanda : gender, media and the representation of genocide, London/New York : I.B. Tauris, 2014, 323 p. Hudson, Heidi, “Gendercidal Violence and the Technologies of Othering in Libya and Rwanda”, Africa Insight, 44-1, 2014, pp. 103-120. Jean-Charles, Régine, Conflict bodies: the politics of rape representation in the francophone imaginary, Columbus, OH : Ohio State University Press, 2014, 320 p. Kaitesi, Usta, Genocidal gender and sexual violence: the legacy of the ICTR, Rwanda's ordinary courts and Gacaca courts, Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan 2014, 271 p. Kantengwa, Odeth, “How Motherhood Triumphs over Trauma Among Mothers with Children from Genocidal Rape in Rwanda”, Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2-1, 2014, doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v2i1.334 Kayibanda, F.; Bitera, R.; Demers, E.; Moisan, J.; Alary, M., “Sexual Risk Factors Associated with Intimate Partner Violence Against Women in Rwanda: A Couples- Based Analysis”, Women and Health, 54-4, 2014, pp. 301-316. Lindskog, Elina Elveborg, “Violent Conflict and Sexual Behavior in Rwanda”, Population, Space Place, 2014, 8 p. doi: 10.1002/psp.1881 Marochkin, Sergey; Nelaeva, Galina, “Rape and Sexual Violence as Torture and Genocide in the Decisions of International Tribunals: Transjudicial Networks and the Development of International Criminal Law”, Human Rights Review, 15-4, 2014, pp. 473-488. Mukarwego, Athanasie, “Viols des femmes Tutsi pendant le génocide: témoignage de Mme Athanasie”, chapitre 15; Habimana, Emmanuel; Vacher, Carole; Kayitesi, Berthe; Kabayiza, Callixte, “Les viols pendant le génocide des Tutsi: un crime d’envie”, chapitre 16; Love, Valerie, “Hearing the Untold Story: Documenting LGBTI Lives in Rwanda”, chapitre 17, in High, Steven; Little, Edward (eds), Remembering Mass Violence: Oral History, New Media and Performance, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2014, 376 p. Rashid, A., “Gender and Genocide: A Research-as-Creation Project”, Canadian Journal of Communication. 39-2, 2014, pp. 263-273. Ricci, Sandrine, Avant de tuer les femmes, vous devez les violer! Rwanda: rapports de sexe et génocide des Tutsi, Paris: Editions Syllepse, 240 p. Umubyeyi, A.; Mogren, I.; Ntaganira, J.; Krantz, G., “Women are considerably more exposed to intimate partner violence than men in Rwanda: results from a population- based, cross-sectional study”, BMC Women's Health, 14, 2014, p. 99.

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9 Arts et Lettres

9.1 Roman; conte; théâtre; poésie Ancel, Guillaume, Vents sombres sur le lac Kivu, Internet: The Book Edition, 2014, 144 p. Anonyme, “Rwanda, 1994”, Humanitaire, 38, 2014, pp. 4-5 [poésie] Apol, Larua, Requiem, Rwanda, East Lansing, MI: Michigan Sate University Press, 2014, 104 p. Bahufite, Liliane U., Contes d'un vieillard, Lille: Sources du Nil, 2014, 40 p. Dan, Bernard, Le garçon du Rwanda, La Tour-d'Aigue: Aube, 2014. 249 p. Ebodé, Eugène, Souveraine Magnifique, Paris: Gallimard, 2014, 170 p. Groupov, Rwanda 94: kugerageza gusubiza agaciro abapfuye, byungura abakiriho, Liège, Belqique: Presses de Raymond Vervincky & fils, 2014, 158 p. Hatzfeld, Jean; Depardon, Raymond (photographies), Récits des marais rwandais, Paris: Seuil, 2014, 696 p. (Réédition de Idem, Dans le nu de la vie, 2000; Une saison de machettes, 2003; La Stratégie des antilopes, 2007) Hatzfeld, Jean, Englebert des collines, Paris: Gallimard, 2014, 106 p. Kayimahe, Vénuste, La chanson de l’aube, Mélian: Izuba Edition, 2014, 472 p. Leclair, Didier, Un ancien d'Afrique: les chiens de Kigali, Ottawa: Vermillon, 2014, 222 p. Mukasonga, Scholastique, Our Lady of the Nile, Brooklyn, NY: Archipelago Books, 2014. 244 p. (traduction: Melanie Mauthner); Die Heilige Jungfrau vom Nil, Heidelberg: Verl. Das Wunderhorn, 2014, 181 p. (traduction: Andreas Jandl) Mukasonga, Scholastique, Ce que murmurent les collines: nouvelles rwandaises, Paris: Gallimard, 2014, 139 p. Ndindamahina, Jean-Paul, The tears of time: Once Upon a Time in Rwanda: Dario's Diary, Internet: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2014, 778 p. Umugwaneza, Angelique; Fuglsang, Peder, Les enfants du Rwanda, Montfort-en- Chalosse: Gaïa, 2014, 345 p. (traduit du danois par Inès Jorgensen) Sondag, Daniel, Le chemin de poussière qui égare les pas, Paris: Mon petit éditeur, 2014, 264 p. Sondag, Daniel, Comme une ombre auprès de la rivière qui s'écoule, Paris: Mon petit éditeur, 2014, 236 p. Youth Literacy Organisation, Telling our own stories: poems by Rwandan youth 20 years after the genocide, Kigali: Bloo Books, 2014, 37 p Zink, Therese, Mission Rwanda, Internet: Zenterram Press, 2014, 285 p.

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9.2 Littérature juvénile

Allam, Norédine; Blondin, Greg, Maïsha au Pays des Mille Collines, Internet: iGoMatiK Editions, 2014, 49 p. Cowley, Joy; Min, Soo-hyeon; Nille, Peggy, The drummer boy, New Zealand: Big & Small, 2014, 30 p. Cross, Karen, Banna and bree blown to Rwanda, s.l.: Internet, 2014. Doak, Robin, Dian Fossey: friend to Africa's gorillas, London: Raintree, 2014, 48 p. Matthews, Jenny, Children growing up with war, Somerville, MA: Candlewick Press, 2014. 48 p. Obadina, Elizabeth, “Hutus and Tutsis: genocide in Rwanda”, in idem, Ethnic groups in Africa, Philadelphia : Mason Crest, 2014.

9.3 Critique littéraire Akpome, Aghogho, “The narrative construction of identity in contemporary Rwanda: a study of An ordinary man by Paul Rusesabagina (with Tom Zoellner)”, African studies, 73-2, 2014, pp. 192-210. Brinker, Virginie, La transmission littéraire et cinématographique du génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda, Paris: Classiques Garnier, 2014, 481 p. Diop, Boubacar Boris, Africa beyond the mirror, Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publisher, 2014, 170 p. (cf. Idem, L'Afrique au-delà du miroir, Paris: P. Rey, 2007) Hanley, Teresa, “Challenges in evaluating development communications: the case of a street theatre programme to address racism”, Journal of International Development, 26- 8, 2014, pp. 1149–1160 [Botswana, Dominican Republic, Kenya, Rwanda] Herszman Capraru, Jennifer, “Theatre as metaphor: Isôko Rwanda's Trilogy of time”, in Citron, Atay; Aronson-Lehavi, Sharon; Zerbib, David (eds), Performance studies in motion: international perspectives and practices in the twenty-first century, London: Bloomsbury, 2014. Hitchott, Nicki, “Memorial stories: commemorating the Rwanda genocide through fiction”, in Eltringham, Nigel; Maclean, Pam (eds), Remembering genocide, London: Routledge, 2014, pp. 54-70. Meyer, Anne-Rose, “Der Schriftsteller als Zeuge und Zuschauer: Die Beispiele Hans Christoph Buch und Nick McDonell”, in Moser, Christian; Simonis, Linda (eds), Figuren des Globalen: Weltbezug und Welterzeugung in Literatur, Kunst und Medien, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014, pp. 467-480. Mowarin, Macaulay, “A Linguistic Reading of the Metaphor of Genocide in Hotel Rwanda”, Journal of Literary Studies, 30-2, 2014, pp. 69-85. Okuyade, Ogaga, “Extending the Battlefield: Genocide and the Family in Goretti Kyomuhendo's Secrets No More”, Arcadia: Internationale Zeitschrift für Literatur- wissenschaft, 49, 2014, pp. 103-119. Segler-Meßner, Silke, Génocide, enfance et adolescence dans la littérature, le dessin et

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au cinéma, Frankfurt: Lang, 2014, 360 p. Umugwaneza, Isabelle, “Children's and young adult literature of Rwanda”, in Gangi, Jane (ed), Genocide in contemporary children's and young adult literature: Cambodia to Darfur, New York: Routledge, 2014. Varma, Rahul, “State of Denial: Cultural Diversity as a Resource for Alternative Globalization”, Canadian Theatre Review, 157-2, 2014, pp. 30-33. West-Pavlov, R. “‘Regardez la vie reprendre’: Futurity in Véronique Tadjo’s L'Ombre d'Imana”, Tydskrif vir Letterkunde, 51-2, 2014, pp. 114-129.

9.4 Film 7 jours à Kigali (20 ans après le génocide rwandais), Mehdi Bâ, Jeremy Frey, France, 2014, documentaire, 60 min. Bruxelles-Kigali, Marie-France Collard, Belgique, 2014, documentaire, 118 min. Intore, Eric Kabera, Rwanda, 2014, fiction, 76 min. La trilogie des gacaca, Anne Aghion, France, 2014, documentaire, 104 min. Life After Death, Joe Callender, USA/Rwanda, documentaire, 2014, 76 min. Rwanda, la vie après: Paroles de mère, Benoît Dervaux, André Versaille, Belgique, 2014, documentaire, 72 min. Things of the Aimless Wanderer, Kivu Ruhorahoza, UK/Rwanda, 2014, fiction, 91 min.

9.5 Critique cinématographique Bittencourt , Ela, “Delineating the Nonfiction Film: The True/False Film Festival”, Film Quarterly, 67-3, 2014, pp. 71-75. Mboti, Nyasha, “'Unpacking the Hotel': A Study of the Cinematic Politics of Hotel Rwanda”, in Ogunleye, Foluke (ed), African film: looking back and looking forward, Newcastle, UK: Cambridge Scholars, 2014. Orlando, Valérie, “Framing a continent: issues and contexts in postcolonial African film ”, African Studies Review, 57:2, 2014, pp.189-198. Réra, Nathan, Rwanda, entre crise morale et malaise esthétique : les médias, la photographie et le cinéma à l'épreuve du génocide des Tutsi, 1994-2014, Dijon: les Presses du réel, 2014, 641 p.

9.6 Beaux arts; photographie; bande dessinée Benetton, Luciano, Traces of the past, signs of the future: contemporary artists from Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi, Villorba, Italy: Fabrica, 2014, 487 p. Hippolyte; de Saint-Exupéry, Patrick, La fantaisie des Dieux: Rwanda 1994, Paris: Les Arènes, impr. 2014, 92 p. Réra, Nathan, “Paysages du désastre, territoires de la mémoire: Photographier la nature au Rwanda”, Etudes Photographiques, 31, 2014, 12 p.

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Von Köhler, Marie; Stephan, Peter, Mach dir ein Bild: Ruanda/Afrika 2014, Dortmund: Verlag Kettler, 2014, 168 p.

9.7 Architecture Berlanda, Tomà, “Lest we forget”, Architectural Review, 236-1409, 2014, pp. 21-22. Davis, Sharon, “Aldea de mujeres in Kayonza, Rwanda”, Arquitectura Viva, 161,2014, pp. 44-47. Doherty, Killian, “Rwanda nouveau”, Architectural Review, 235-1408, 2014, pp. 26-29. Fisher, Thomas; Murphy, Michael; Mohland, Sarah, “Butaro Cancer Center”, Architect, 103-3, 2014, pp. 94-101. Harper, Phineas, “Healing Hill”, Architectural Review, 236-1409, 2014, pp. 50-55. Lawson, Hannah, “After the genocide: how do you design a setting for memory and reconciliation after the horror witnessed in Kigali?”, RIBA Journal, 121, 2014, p. 412. Oosterman, Arjen (ed), Architecture of peace reloaded, 40, Amsterdam: Stichting Archis 2014 [Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Rwanda]. Webb, Michael, “Planting Seeds”, Architectural Review, 235-1403, 2014, pp. 62-69.

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10 Sciences naturelles

10.1 Sciences de la terre sciences de la vie

Amuno, S.; Amuno, M., “Spatio-temporal variation of trace element contents in Rwanda necrosols”, Environmental Eart Sciences, 71-2, 2014, pp. 659-674. Bochkov, Andre, “Two New Species of the Subfamily Harpirhynchinae (Acari: Harpirhynchidae) from African Birds”, Annales Zoologici, 64-3, 2014, pp. 479-483. Burgi, P-Y.; Darrah, T.; Tedesco, D.; et al., “Dynamics of the Mount Nyiragongo lava lake”, Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 119-5, 2014, pp. 4106-4122. Cizungu, Landry; Staelens, Jeroen; Huygens, Dries; et al., “Litterfall and leaf litter decomposition in a central African tropical mountain forest and Eucalyptus plantation”, Forest Ecology and Management, 326, 2014, pp. 109-116. Dehling, Jonas Maximilian, Taxonomy, systematics, and ecology of selected amphibian taxa from Rwanda, University of Koblenz, 2014 Gatesire, T.; Nsabimana, D.; Nyiramana, A.; Seburanga, J.; Mirville, M., “Bird Diversity and Distribution in relation to Urban Landscape Types in Northern Rwanda”, The Scientific World Journal, 2014, 12 p., doi: org/10.1155/2014/157824 Gebauer, Claudia; Doevenspeck, Martin, “Adaptation to climate change and resettlement in Rwanda”, AREA, 10 dec. 2014, DOI: 10.1111/area.12168 Gharahi Ghehi, N.; et al., “N2O and NO emission from the Nyungwe tropical highland rainforest in Rwanda”, Geoderma Regional, 2-3, 2014, pp. 41-49. Hedderson, T.; Bizuru, E.; Mujawamariya, M.; Raondry-Rakotoarisoa, N., “New and additional moss records for Rwanda”, Journal of Bryology, 36-1, 2014, pp. 72-75. Hulsbosch, Niels; Hertogen, Jan; Dewaele, Stijn; André, Luc; Muchez, Philippe, “Alkali metal and rare earth element evolution of rock-forming minerals from the Gatumba area pegmatites (Rwanda): Quantitative assessment of crystal-melt fractionation in the regional zonation of pegmatite groups”, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 132, 2014, pp. 349-374. Katsev, Sergei; Aaberg, Arthur; Crowe, Sean; Hecky, Robert, “Recent Warming of Lake Kivu”, PLoS ONE, 9-10, 2014, pp. 1-7. Kindt, Roeland; et al., “Correspondence in forest species composition between the Vegetation Map of Africa and higher resolution maps for seven African countries”, Applied Vegetation Science, 17-1, 2014, pp. 162–171 [Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia] Knox, Allyn; Bertuzzo, Enrico; Mari, Lorenzo; Odermatt, Daniel; Verrecchia, Eric;

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Rinaldo, Andrea, “Optimizing a remotely sensed proxy for plankton biomass in Lake Kivu”, International Journal of Remote Sensing, 35-13, 2014, pp. 5219-5238. Lehmann, Bernd; et al., “The geochemical signature of rare-metal pegmatites in Central Africa: Magmatic rocks in the Gatumba tin-tantalum mining district, Rwanda”, Journal of Geochemical Exploration: Part C, 144, 2014, pp. 528-538. Lewis, Allet; Dippenaar-Schoeman, Ansie, “Revision of the spider genus Mystaria Simon, 1895 (Araneae: Thomisidae) and the description of a new genus from the Afro- tropical region”, Zootaxa, 3873-2, 2014, pp. 101-144. Muganga, R.; Angenot, L.; Tits, M.; Frédérich, M., “In vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activity of three Rwandan medicinal plants and identification of their active compounds”, Planta medica, 80-6, 2014, pp. 482-489. Pande, Suresh Kumar; Rayar, Antoni; Hakizimana, Patrice, “Coping with Climate Change Through Water Harvesting Techniques for Sustainable Agriculture in Rwanda”, in Behnassi, Mohamed; et al. (eds), Vulnerability of Agriculture, Water and Fisheries to Climate Change: Toward Sustainable Adaptation Strategies, Dordrecht: Springer, 2014, pp. 217-239. Ross, Kelly Ann; Smets, Benoît; De Batist, Marc; Hilbe, Michael; Schmid, Martin; Anselmetti, Flavio, “Lake-level rise in the late Pleistocene and active subaquatic volcanism since the Holocene in Lake Kivu, East African Rift”, Geomorphology, 221, 2014, pp. 274-285. Sommer, Tobias; Carpenter, Jeffrey; Wüest, Alfred, “Double-diffusive interfaces in Lake Kivu reproduced by direct numerical simulations”, Geophysical Research Letters, 41- 14, 2014, pp. 5114–5121. Sparks, Adam; Forbes, Gregory; Hijmans, Robert; Garrett, Karen, “Climate change may have limited effect on global risk of potato late blight”, Global Change Biology, 20-12, 2014, pp. 3621-3631. Tedrow, R.; et al., “A new species of Dystacta Saussure, 1871 from Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda (Insecta, Mantodea, Dystactinae)”, ZooKeys, 410, 2014, pp. 1-21. Tomani, Jean-Claude, “Chemical Composition, Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of the Essential oil of Pinus Patula Growing in Rwanda”, American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 2-3, 2014, pp. 55-59. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20140203.11 Weisser, Florian; Bollig, Michael; Doevenspeck, Martin; Müller-Mahn, Detlef, “Translating the 'adaptation to climate change' paradigm: the politics of a travelling idea in Africa”, Geographical Journal, 180-2, 2014, pp. 111-119 [Ethiopia, Rwanda, Uganda] Xuewei, Zhang; Scholz, Christopher; Hecky, Robert; Wood, Douglas; Zal, Hubert; Ebinger, Cynthia, “Climatic control of the late Quaternary turbidite sedimentology of Lake Kivu, East Africa: Implications for deep mixing and geologic hazards”, Geology, 42-9, 2014, pp. 811-814.

10.2 Primatologie Caillaud, Damien; Ndagijimana, Felix; Giarrusso, Anthony; Vecellio, Veronica; Stoinski,

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Tara, “Mountain gorilla ranging patterns: Influence of group size and group dynamics”, American Journal of Primatology, 76-8, 2014, pp. 730-746. Eckardt, Winnie Steklis; et al., “Personality Dimensions and Their Behavioral Correlates in Wild Virunga Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla Beringei Beringei)”, Journal of Comparative Psychology, Dec 22, 2014, 8 p., DOI 10.1037/a0038370. Eriksen, Amandine; Nawrocki, Stephen; Bromage, Timothy; et al., “Skeletal evidence of infanticide in Virunga mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) from Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda”, American Journal of Physical Anthropology,153, Supplement: 58, 2014, p. 115. Grueter, Cyril; Deschner, Tobias; Behringer, Verena; Fawcett, Katie; Robbins, Martha, “Socioecological correlates of energy balance using urinary C-peptide measurements in wild female mountain gorillas”, Physiology & Behavior, 127, 2014, pp. 13-19. Habumuremyi, Sosthene; Robbins, Martha; Fawcett, Katie; Deschner, Tobias; et al, “Monitoring ovarian cycle activity via progestagens in urine and feces of female mountain gorillas: A comparison of EIA and LC-MS measurements”, American Journal of Primatology, 76-2, 2014, pp. 180-191. Hogan, Jennifer; Miller, Woutrina; Cranfield, Michael; et al., “Giardia in mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), forest buffalo (Syncerus caffer), and domestic cattle in Volcanoes national park, Rwanda”, Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 50-1, 2014, pp. 21- 30. Kinani, Jean-Felix; Zimmerman, Dawn, “Tool use for food acquisition in a wild mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei)”, American Journal of Primatology, 29 nov. 2014, doi: 10.1002/ajp.22351 McFarlin, Shannon; Reid, Donald; Arbenz-Smith, Keely; Cranfield, Michael; et al., “Histological examination of dental development in a juvenile mountain gorilla from Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda”, Bulletin of the International Association for Paleodontology, 8-1, 2014, p. 149. Sak, Bohumil; et al., “Diversity of Microsporidia, Cryptosporidium and Giardia in Mountain Gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei) in Volcanoes National Park, Rwanda”, PloS One, 9-11, 2014, p. e109751.

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